Segments | 13. The operations of the Company are conducted through two operating segments: Maintenance Services and Development Services, which are also its reportable segments. Maintenance Services primarily consists of recurring landscape maintenance services and snow removal services as well as supplemental landscape enhancement services. Development Services primarily consists of landscape architecture and development services for new construction and large scale redesign projects. Development Services also includes our tree and nursery division, which grows and sells trees as well as manages removal and installation of specimen trees as part of many development projects. The operating segments identified above are determined based on the services provided, and they reflect the manner in which operating results are regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) to allocate resources and assess performance. The CODM is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. The CODM evaluates the performance of the Company’s operating segments based upon Net Service Revenues, Adjusted EBITDA and Capital Expenditures. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate performance and profitability of each operating segment. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018. Corporate includes corporate executive compensation, finance, legal and information technology which are not allocated to the segments. Eliminations represent eliminations of intersegment revenues. The Company does not currently provide asset information by segment, as this information is not used by management when allocating resources or evaluating performance. The following is a summary of certain financial data for each of the segments: Three Months Ended June 30, Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 Maintenance Services $ 492,105 $ 474,581 $ 1,357,952 $ 1,341,375 Development Services 166,319 157,379 424,692 433,620 Eliminations (1,215 ) (1,630 ) (2,785 ) (3,195 ) Net service revenues $ 657,209 $ 630,330 $ 1,779,859 $ 1,771,800 Maintenance Services $ 91,138 $ 91,349 $ 204,800 $ 210,241 Development Services 26,966 21,953 55,018 55,284 Corporate (16,196 ) (15,469 ) (46,687 ) (49,649 ) Adjusted EBITDA (1) $ 101,908 $ 97,833 $ 213,131 $ 215,876 Maintenance Services $ 24,434 $ 14,292 $ 54,449 $ 33,759 Development Services 3,242 2,182 9,902 3,955 Corporate 6,940 11,174 12,874 34,029 Capital expenditures $ 34,616 $ 27,648 $ 77,225 $ 71,743 (1) Presented below is a reconciliation of Net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 Net income (loss) $ 31,709 $ (1,397 ) $ 19,276 $ (4,139 ) Interest expense 18,360 27,499 54,429 77,481 Income tax expense (benefit) 11,033 1,247 6,582 (58,150 ) Depreciation expense 20,884 17,839 61,851 56,642 Amortization expense 13,936 29,247 42,873 89,611 Establish public company financial reporting compliance (a) 1,140 555 2,832 3,372 Business transformation and integration costs (b) 4,431 2,466 13,354 21,402 Expenses related to initial public offering (c) 108 4,678 108 6,808 Equity-based compensation (d) 307 14,951 11,826 20,753 Management fees (e) — 748 — 2,096 Adjusted EBITDA $ 101,908 $ 97,833 $ 213,131 $ 215,876 (a) Represents costs incurred to establish public company financial reporting compliance, including costs to comply with the requirements of Sarbanes-Oxley and the accelerated adoption of the new revenue recognition standard (ASU 2014-09 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers (b) Business transformation and integration costs consist of (i) severance and related costs; (ii) rebranding of vehicle fleet; (iii) business integration costs and (iv) information technology infrastructure transformation costs and other. (c) Represents expenses incurred for the IPO in fiscal 2018 and subsequent registration statements. (d) Represents equity-based compensation expense recognized for equity incentive plans outstanding, including $7,328 related to the IPO during the nine months ended June 30, 2019. (e) Represents management fees paid pursuant to a monitoring agreement terminated on July 2, 2018 in connection with the completion of the IPO. |