| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Note 2. Summary of Significant Principles — For the periods subsequent to the Spin-Off, the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements include the accounts of Garrett Motion Inc. and all of its subsidiaries in which a controlling financial interest is maintained. We consolidate entities that we control due to ownership of a majority voting interest, and we consolidate variable interest entities (“VIEs”) when we have variable interests and are the primary beneficiary. Our consolidation policy requires equity investments that we exercise significant influence over but do not control the investee and are not the primary beneficiary of the investee’s activities to be accounted for using the equity method. Investments through which we are not able to exercise significant influence over the investee and which we do not have readily determinable fair values are accounted for under the cost method. All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. For the periods prior to the Spin-Off, the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements were prepared on a stand-alone basis and include our business units and wholly owned direct and indirect subsidiaries and entities in which we had a controlling financial interest. Cash —Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and highly liquid investments having an original maturity of three months or less. Trade Receivables —Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount as a result of transactions with customers. Garrett maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses as a result of customer’s inability to make required payments. Garrett estimates anticipated losses from doubtful accounts based on days past due as measured from the contractual due date and historical collection history. Garrett also takes into consideration changes in economic conditions that may not be reflected in historical trends (for example, customers in bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization). Receivables are written-off against the allowance for doubtful accounts when they are determined uncollectible. Such determination includes analysis and consideration of the particular conditions of the account, including time intervals since last collection, customer performance against agreed upon payment plans, solvency of customer and any bankruptcy proceedings. Inventories —Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, including direct material costs and direct and indirect manufacturing costs, or net realizable value. Obsolete inventory is identified based on analysis of inventory for known obsolescence issues. The original equipment inventory on hand in excess of one year’s forecasted usage is fully reserved. Property, —Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. For financial reporting, the straight-line method of depreciation is used over the estimated useful lives of 10 to 50 years for buildings and improvements, 2 to 16 years for machinery and equipment, 3 to 10 years for tooling equipment and 5 to 7 years for software. Goodwill —Goodwill is subject to impairment testing annually as of March 31, and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable. This testing compares carrying value to fair value of our single reporting unit. The Company recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit´s fair value. However, any impairment should not exceed the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. We completed our annual goodwill impairment test as of March 31, 2018, as well as an interim impairment test immediately following the Spin-Off and determined that there was no impairment as of these dates. Warranties —Expected warranty costs for products sold are recognized based on an estimate of the amount that eventually will be required to settle such obligations. These accruals are based on factors such as past experience, length of the warranty and various other considerations. Costs of product recalls, which may include the cost of the product being replaced as well as the customer’s cost of the recall, including labor to remove and replace the recalled part, are accrued as part of our warranty accrual at the time an obligation becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated. These estimates are adjusted from time to time based on facts and circumstances that impact the status of existing claims. For additional information, see Note 21, Commitments and Contingencies. Sales Recognition —On January 1, 2018, we adopted the FASB´s updated guidance on revenue from contracts with customers, ASC 606 Revenue from Contracts With Customers (“ASC 606”), using the modified retrospective method applied to contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting. Product sales are recognized when we transfer control of the promised goods to our customer, which is based on shipping terms. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring the promised goods. In the sale of products in the OEM channel, the transaction price for these goods is equal to the agreed price of each unit and represents the standalone selling price for the unit. In the sale of products in the aftermarket channel, the terms of a contract or the historical business practice can give rise to variable consideration due to, but not limited to, discounts and bonuses. We estimate variable consideration at the most likely amount we will receive from customers and reduce revenues recognized accordingly. We include estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. Prior to January 1, 2018, sales were recognized when there was evidence of a sales agreement, the delivery of goods had occurred, the sales price was fixed or determinable and the collectability of revenue was reasonably assured. Sales were generally recorded upon shipment of product to customers and transfer of title under standard commercial terms. Sales incentives and allowances were recognized as a reduction to revenue at the time of the related sale. In addition, payments made to customers were generally recognized as a reduction to revenue at the time these payments are made or committed to the customers. Research and —Garrett conducts research and development (“R&D”) activities, which consist primarily of the development of new products and product applications. R&D costs are charged to expense as incurred. Such costs are included in Cost of goods sold of $128 million, $119 million, and $112 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Additionally, the Company incurs engineering-related expenses which are also included in Cost of goods sold of $10 million, $19 million, and $21 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016. The prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year Asbestos-Related —Honeywell is subject to certain asbestos-related and environmental-related liabilities, primarily related to its legacy Bendix business. In conjunction with the Spin-Off, certain operations that were part of the Bendix business, along with the ownership of the Bendix trademark, as well as certain operations that were part of other legacy elements of the Business, were transferred to us. For periods prior to the Spin-Off, we reflect an estimated liability for resolution of pending and future asbestos-related and environmental liabilities primarily related to the Bendix legacy Honeywell business, calculated as if we were responsible for 100% of the Bendix asbestos-liability payments. We recognized a liability for any asbestos-related contingency that was probable of occurrence and reasonably estimable. In connection with the recognition of liabilities for asbestos-related matters, we recorded asbestos-related insurance recoveries that are deemed probable. Asbestos-related expenses, net of probable insurance recoveries, are presented within Other expense, net in the Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations. The Indemnification and Reimbursement Agreement provides that the agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (x) December 31, 2048 or (y) December 31st of the third consecutive year during which certain amounts owed to Honeywell during each such year were less than $25 million as converted into Euros in accordance with the terms of the agreement. In periods subsequent to the Spin-Off, the accounting for the majority of our asbestos-related liability payments and accounts payable reflect the terms of the Indemnification and Reimbursement Agreement with Honeywell entered into on September 12, 2018, under which we are required to make payments to Honeywell in amounts equal to 90% of Honeywell’s asbestos-related liability payments and accounts payable, primarily related to the Bendix business in the United States, as well as certain environmental-related liability payments and accounts payable and non-United States asbestos-related liability payments and accounts payable, in each case related to legacy elements of the Business, including the legal costs of defending and resolving such liabilities, less 90% of Honeywell’s net insurance receipts and, as may be applicable, certain other recoveries associated with such liabilities. Net charges for asbestos-related and environmental-related matters in connection with the Indemnification and Reimbursement Agreement are presented within Other expense, net in the Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations. Stock-Based Compensation Plans —The principal awards issued under our stock-based compensation plans, which are described in Note 19 Stock-Based Compensation Plans, are restricted stock units. The cost for such awards is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods (generally the vesting period of the equity award) and is included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant to recognize expense for those awards that are expected to vest and are based on our historical forfeiture rates under our Former Parent´s plans. For periods prior to the Spin-Off, certain employees within the Business participated in stock-based compensation plans sponsored by the Former Parent. The Former Parent’s stock-based compensation plans primarily include incentive compensation plans. Awards granted under the plans consist of stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance stock units (“PSUs”) and are based on the Former Parent’s common shares and, as such, are reflected in Invested deficit within the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Equity (Deficit). Pension Benefits —Following the Spin-Off, we sponsor defined benefit pension plans covering certain employees, primarily in Switzerland, the US and Ireland. For such plans, we recognize net actuarial gains or losses in excess of 10% of the greater of the fair value of plan assets or the plans’ projected benefit obligation (the corridor) annually in the fourth quarter each year (MTM Adjustment), and, if applicable, in any quarter in which an interim remeasurement is triggered. The remaining components of pension expense, primarily service and interest costs and assumed return on plan assets, are recognized on a quarterly basis. On January 1, 2018, we retrospectively adopted the new accounting guidance on presentation of net periodic pension costs. That guidance requires that we disaggregate the service cost component of net benefit costs and report those costs in the same line item or items in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other nonservice components of net benefit costs are required to be presented separately from the service cost component. Following the adoption of this guidance, we continue to record the service cost component of Pension ongoing (income) expense in Costs of goods sold or Selling, general and administrative expenses. The remaining components of net benefit costs within Pension ongoing (income) expense, primarily interest costs and assumed return on plan assets, are now recorded in Non-operating (income) expense. We will continue to recognize net actuarial gains or losses in excess of 10% of the greater of the fair value of plan assets or the plans’ projected benefit obligation (the corridor) annually in the fourth quarter each year (MTM Adjustment). The MTM Adjustment will also be reported in Non-operating (income) expense. For periods prior to the Spin-Off, we sponsored a defined benefit pension plan covering certain employees in Ireland. Additionally, certain Garrett employees participated in defined benefit pension plans (the “Shared Plans”) sponsored by Honeywell which includes participants of other Honeywell subsidiaries and operations. We accounted for our participation in the Shared Plans as a multiemployer benefit plan. Accordingly, we did not record an asset or liability to recognize the funded status of the Shared Plans. The related pension expense was based on annual service cost of active Garrett participants and reported within Cost of goods sold in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations. The pension expense specifically identified for the active Garrett participants in the Shared Plans for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was $5 million, $7 million and $6 million, respectively. Foreign Currency Translation —Assets and liabilities of subsidiaries operating outside the United States with a functional currency other than U.S. Dollars are translated into U.S. Dollars using year-end exchange rates. Sales, costs and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates in effect during the year. Foreign currency translation gains and losses are included as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Derivative —We minimize our risks from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations through our normal operating and financing activities and, when deemed appropriate through the use of derivative financial instruments. Derivative financial instruments are used to manage risk and are not used for trading or other speculative purposes. Derivative financial instruments that qualify for hedge accounting must be designated and effective as a hedge of the identified risk exposure at the inception of the contract. Accordingly, changes in fair value of the derivative contract must be highly correlated with changes in fair value of the underlying hedged item at inception of the hedge and over the life of the hedge contract. All derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the changes in fair value of the derivatives are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently recognized in earnings when the hedged items impact earnings. Cash flows of such derivative financial instruments are classified consistent with the underlying hedged item. On September 27, 2018, we early adopted the new accounting guidance contained in ASU 2017-12 on a modified retrospective approach. The new standard is intended to improve and simplify rules relating to hedge accounting, including the elimination of periodic hedge ineffectiveness, recognition of components excluded from hedge effectiveness assessment, the ability to elect to perform subsequent effectiveness assessments qualitatively, and other provisions designed to provide more transparency around the economics of a company’s hedging strategy. Income Taxes —We account for income taxes pursuant to the asset and liability method which requires us to recognize current tax liabilities or receivables for the amount of taxes we estimate are payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and their respective tax bases of assets and liabilities and the expected benefits of net operating loss and credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in operations in the period enacted. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that a portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income and the reversal of deferred tax liabilities during the period in which related temporary differences become deductible. Prior to the Spin-Off, the tax provision was presented on a separate company basis as if we were a separate filer. The effects of tax adjustments and settlements from taxing authorities are presented in our Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements in the period to which they relate as if we were a separate filer. Our current obligations for taxes are settled with our Former Parent on an estimated basis and adjusted in later periods as appropriate. All income taxes due to or due from our Former Parent that have not been settled or recovered by the end of the period are reflected in Invested deficit within the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements. We are subject to income tax in the United States (federal, state and local) as well as other jurisdictions in which we operate. The tax provision has been calculated as if the carve-out entity was operating on a stand-alone basis and filed separate tax returns in the jurisdiction in which it operates. Therefore, cash tax payments and items of current and deferred taxes may not be reflective of the actual tax balances prior to or subsequent to the carve-out. Earnings per share —Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and all dilutive potential common shares outstanding. On October 1, 2018, the date of consummation of the Spin-Off, 74,070,852 shares of the Company’s Common Stock were distributed to Honeywell stockholders of record as of September 18, 2018 who held their shares through the Distribution Date. Basic and diluted EPS for all periods prior to the Spin-Off reflect the number of distributed shares, or 74,070,852 shares. For 2018, the distributed shares were treated as issued and outstanding from January 1, 2018 for purposes of calculating historical basic earnings per share. Use of Estimates —The preparation of the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and related disclosures in the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates and assumptions are periodically reviewed and the effects of changes are reflected in the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements in the period they are determined to be necessary. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. The ASU requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset, other than inventory, at the time the entity transfer occurs rather than when the asset is ultimately transferred to a third party, as required under current U.S. GAAP. The guidance is intended to reduce diversity in practice, particularly for transfers involving intellectual property. Subsequent to 2017 fiscal year, we adopted the accounting standard update as of January 1, 2018. The guidance requires application on a modified retrospective basis. The adoption of this guidance increased our deferred tax assets by $191 million with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings of the same amount. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350). The ASU eliminates Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires determining the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed in a business combination. Under the amendments in this update, a goodwill impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. We have early adopted this guidance during the fourth quarter of 2018. The adoption did not have an impact on our Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets, Statements of Operations and related Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements. In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. These amendments are intended to better align a company’s risk management strategies and financial reporting for hedging relationships. As further noted in our Derivative financial instruments accounting policy above, we early adopted during the third quarter of 2018 the new accounting guidance contained in ASU 2017-12 on a modified retrospective approach. In relation to the Company’s foreign currency exchange forward and option contracts (foreign currency exchange contracts), the adoption did not have an impact on our Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets and Statements of Operations. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance on accounting for leases which requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets for the rights and obligations created by those leases. The guidance requires enhanced disclosures regarding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases that will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We expect to adopt the requirements of the new standard effective January 1, 2019, and we will elect to not recast comparative periods in the transition. We estimate the adoption will result in the addition of $33 million to $43 million of right-of-use assets and liabilities to our consolidated balance sheet, with no significant change to our consolidated statements of operations or cash flows. In adopting the new leases standard as per January 1, 2019, the Company has applied the practical expedients as per ASC 842-10-65-1(f) and (g). In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU 2016-13), which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. ASU 2016-13 is effective for us in our first quarter of fiscal 2020, and earlier adoption is permitted beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. We are currently evaluating the impact of the guidance on our Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets, Statements of Operations and related Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements. In February 2018, the FASB issued guidance that allows for an entity to elect to reclassify the income tax effects on items within Accumulated other comprehensive income resulting from U.S. tax reform to retained earnings. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted, including interim periods within those years. The guidance allows for adoption (i) at the beginning of the period of adoption or (ii) retrospective to each period in which the income tax effects of the U.S. tax reform related to items recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income are recognized. We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard on our Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and whether we will elect to reclassify the income tax effects on items within Accumulated other comprehensive income resulting from U.S. tax reform to retained earnings. |
