| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Cash and Cash Equivalents We invest excess cash primarily in government securities and money market funds and consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity or a remaining maturity at the time of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. We deposit cash and cash equivalents with high credit quality financial institutions. Restricted Cash We maintain certain cash balances restricted historically as to withdrawal or use. Restricted cash is comprised primarily of cash used as a collateral for a letter of credit associated with our lease agreement for office space in San Jose, California. We deposit restricted cash with high credit quality financial institutions. On November 14, 2024, we entered into a Credit Agreement (as defined and further discussed below in Note 7, Revolving Credit Facility ), which provides a three-year revolving credit facility of up to $45.0 million that matures on November 14, 2027. This Credit Agreement includes a $10.0 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit, which we intend to utilize for our lease agreement for our office space in San Jose, California. As a result, the depository bank has fully lifted the restriction on our cash and no restricted cash was recognized as of December 31, 2024. Short-Term Investments Short-term investments are comprised of marketable securities that consist of government securities with an original maturity or a remaining maturity at the time of purchase of greater than three months and no more than 12 months. The marketable securities are held with a high quality financial institution, which acts as our custodian and investment manager. These marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale securities in accordance with the provisions of the authoritative guidance for investments and are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, which is reported in consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity. Fair Value Measurements The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. Short-term investments are recognized and disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. The fair value of assets and liabilities is measured based on a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The classification of a financial asset or liability within the hierarchy is based upon the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities; Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity). Trade Accounts Receivable We are exposed to credit losses primarily through sales of products and services. Allowance for current estimated credit losses for trade accounts receivable is developed using historical collection experience, current and future economic and market conditions and a review of the current status of customers’ trade accounts receivables. Due to the short-term nature of such receivables, the estimated amount of accounts receivable that may not be collected is based on aging of the accounts receivable balances and the financial condition of customers. Additionally, specific allowance amounts are established to record the appropriate provision for customers that have a higher probability of default. Monitoring activities include dispute resolution, payment confirmation, review of customers’ financial condition and macroeconomic conditions. Balances are written off when determined to be uncollectible. Although we have historically not experienced significant credit losses, it is possible that there could be a material adverse impact from potential adjustments of the carrying amount of trade accounts receivable. Concentrations of Risk and Other Uncertainties Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk mainly consist of cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. We believe that there is minimal credit risk associated with the investments of cash equivalents and short-term investments due to the restrictions placed on the type of investment that can be entered into under our investment policy. Our cash equivalents and short-term investments primarily consist of government securities and money market funds which are held and managed by high credit quality financial institutions. Our customers are primarily retailers, wholesale distributors and security solution providers who sell or distribute our products to a large group of end-users. We regularly perform credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition and performance and consider factors such as historical experience, credit quality, age of the accounts receivable balances, geographic or country-specific risks and current economic conditions that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. We do not require collateral from our customers. Historically, a substantial portion of revenue has been derived from a limited number of retailers and wholesale distribution partners. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, two customers accounted for 54% and 13%, and three customers accounted for 37%, 15%, and 10% of the total accounts receivable, net, respectively. No other customers accounted for 10% or greater of the total accounts receivable, net. During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, one customer accounted for 43%, 34%, and 40% of the total revenue, respectively. No other customers accounted for 10% or greater of the total revenue. Additionally, we receive certain of our components from a limited number of suppliers and rely on a limited number of third parties to manufacture all of our products. If any of the third-party manufacturers cannot or will not manufacture our products in required volumes, on a cost-effective basis, in a timely manner or at all, we will have to secure additional manufacturing capacity. Any interruption or delay in manufacturing could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. At the date of issuance of our financial statements, we are not aware of any event which could cause the severe impact in a near term. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, one vendor accounted for 80% and 88% of the total accounts payable, respectively. No other vendors accounted for 10% or greater of the total accounts payable. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, one significant vendor accounted for 93% and 87% of the total purchases, respectively. No other vendors accounted for 10% or greater of the total purchases. Our products are concentrated in the smart security solution industries, which are characterized by rapid technological advances, changes in customer requirements and evolving regulatory requirements and industry standards. Our success depends on management’s ability to anticipate and/or to respond quickly and adequately to such changes. Any significant delays in the development or introduction of products and services could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Inventories Inventories consist of finished goods which are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost being determined using the first-in, first-out method. We write down inventories based on estimated excess and obsolete amounts, determined primarily based on demand forecasts, but take into account market conditions, product development plans, product life expectancy and other factors. At the point of loss recognition, a new lower cost basis for that inventory is established, and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase of the newly established cost basis. While management believes the estimates and assumptions underlying its current forecasts are reasonable, there is risk that additional charges may be necessary if current forecasts are greater than actual demand. Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment are stated at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: Asset Category: Range of Useful Lives Computer equipment 2 years Furniture and fixtures 5 years Software 2-5 years Machinery and equipment 2-3 years Leasehold improvements Shorter of remaining lease term or 7 years Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. The carrying value of the asset is reviewed on a regular basis for the existence of facts, both internal and external, that may suggest impairment. Operating Leases Our operating leases comprise of offices, data centers, and other equipment. We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, net, accrued liabilities, and non-current operating lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are expensed as incurred and recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The lease expense for fixed lease payments is recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term and variable lease payments are included in the lease expense when the obligation for those payments is incurred. Operating lease assets represent our right to use an underlying asset over the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the leases do not provide an implicit rate, the incremental borrowing rate based on the information available is used at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. We use the implicit rate when readily determinable. The operating lease asset also includes any lease payments made before the lease commencement date less any lease incentives received. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise the options. The lease agreements with lease and non-lease components are generally accounted as a single component. In addition, certain lease agreements contain tenant improvement allowances (“TIA”) from the landlords. We record lessee-owned improvements as leasehold improvements within property and equipment, net in our consolidated balance sheets and the TIA as a reduction to the lease asset with the impact of the decrease recognized prospectively over the remaining lease term. We record lessor-owned improvements as prepaid rent within prepaid expenses and other current assets in our consolidated balance sheets and the TIA as a reduction to prepaid rent. Sublease income from our sublet office space in San Jose, California is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the sublease and is recorded as a reduction of lease expense. Goodwill We perform an annual impairment assessment of goodwill at the reporting unit level on the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter. We operate as one operating and reportable segment and identify that one reporting unit for the purpose of goodwill impairment testing, which is at the same level as our operating and reportable segment. The analysis may include both qualitative and quantitative factors to assess the likelihood of an impairment. Should certain events or indicators of impairment occur between annual impairment tests, we will perform the impairment test as those events or indicators occur. Examples of such events or circumstances include a significant decline in the expected future cash flows, a sustained, significant decline in our stock price and market capitalization, a significant adverse change in the business climate and slower growth rates. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not (that is, a likelihood of more than 50%) that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The qualitative assessment considers macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall company financial performance, and events affecting our stock price. If the reporting unit does not pass the qualitative assessment, we estimate the fair value using a discounted cash flow method and compare the fair value with the carrying amount of our reporting unit, including goodwill. If the fair value is greater than the carrying amount of our reporting unit, no impairment is recorded. If the fair value is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss shall be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to our reporting unit. The impairment charge, if any, would be recorded to earnings in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Revenue Recognition Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Our product revenue is recognized at a point in time when control of the goods is transferred to the customer, generally occurring upon shipment or delivery, dependent upon the terms of the underlying contract. Our paid subscription services are billed in advance of the start of the subscription and revenues are recognized ratably over subscription period, generally 30 days or 12 months in length. Revenue from all sales types is recognized at the transaction price, which is the amount we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Transaction price is calculated as selling price net of variable consideration which may include estimates for sales returns and sales incentives related to current period product revenue. Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations Some of our contracts with customers contain multiple promised goods or services. Such contracts include hardware products with bundled services, various subscription services, and support. For these contracts, we account for the promises separately as individual performance obligations if they are distinct. Performance obligations are determined to be distinct if they are both capable of being distinct and separately identifiable within the context of the contract. In determining whether performance obligations meet the criteria for being distinct, we consider a number of factors, such as the degree of interrelation and interdependence between obligations, and whether or not the good or service significantly modifies or transforms another good or service in the contract. The embedded software in most of the hardware products is not considered distinct and therefore the combined hardware and incidental software are treated as one performance obligation and recognized at the point in time when control of product transfers to the customer. Services that are included with certain hardware products are considered distinct and therefore the hardware and service are treated as separate performance obligations. After identifying the separate performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative stand-alone selling price basis. Stand-alone selling prices are generally determined based on the prices charged to customers for standalone sales. Stand-alone selling price of the hardware is directly observable from add-on camera and base station sales. Stand-alone selling price of the premium services are directly observable from direct sales to end users. Revenue is then recognized for each distinct performance obligation as control is transferred to the customer. Revenue attributable to hardware is recognized at the time control of the product transfers to the customer. The transaction price allocated to the service is recognized over the specified service period. Long-Term Supply Arrangement - Verisure We have entered into a Supply Agreement which includes product purchases and paid subscription services with Verisure S.à.r.l. (“Verisure”) . Products sold come with a standard twelve months warranty. Verisure assumes responsibilities for all warranty claims, returns of products and certain technical support provided to the end users. We provide technical support for paid subscription services where Verisure cannot resolve the issue. Verisure is responsible for any marketing and promotion of our products and services sold in Europe. Products are priced at cost plus markup, and paid subscription services are billed based on the number of active cameras monthly and are priced at cost plus markup. The transaction price for products and paid subscription services is entirely variable because the consideration is dependent on the actual costs. For products, since quantity and product types are not specified in the agreement, contracts are not deemed to exist until we receive and accept the customer purchase order (“PO”). Each product with a valid PO is considered a single performance obligation. The Supply Agreement also provides for certain development services at Verisure's request under various statements of work ("SOW"), which Verisure pays in non-refundable installments upon the commencement of agreed-upon milestones. There is a single performance obligation as the distinct goods and services are promised under each individual SOW. Warranties Sales of hardware products regularly include warranties to end customers ensuring that the product continues to function according to published specifications in a dynamic environment. These standard warranties are assurance type warranties and do not offer any services in addition to the assurance that the product will continue working as specified for one or more years. Therefore, warranties are not considered separate performance obligations in the arrangement. Instead, the expected cost of warranties is accrued as an expense in accordance with authoritative guidance. Sales Incentives Sales incentives that are mutually agreed with customers are recognized as contra revenue while marketing expenses paid to the third parties are recognized as a marketing expense. We accrue estimated contra revenue or marketing expense for these sales incentives either when the related revenue is recognized or prior to customer commitment if customary business practice creates an implied expectation of future activities. Shipping and Handling Costs We include shipping and handling fees billed to customers in Product Revenue. Shipping and handling costs associated with inbound freight are included in Cost of revenue. In cases where we give a freight allowance to the customer for their own inbound freight costs, such costs are appropriately recorded as a reduction in Product Revenue. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight are included in sales and marketing expenses. We have elected to account for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill the promise to transfer the associated products. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight totaled $3.7 million, $5.2 million and $3.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Contract Costs We recognize the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that otherwise would have been recognized is one year or less. These costs are included in operating expenses of sales and marketing and general and administrative in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. If the incremental costs of obtaining a contract, which consist of sales commissions, relate to a service recognized over a period longer than one year, costs are deferred and amortized in line with the related services over the period of benefit. Contract Balances Contract assets are recorded as accounts receivable, net in the consolidated balance sheets when we have an unconditional right to consideration. Contract liabilities are recorded as deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheets when cash payments are received or due in advance of performance. Contract liabilities consist of advance payments and customer billings in advance of revenue recognition from subscription contracts where we have unsatisfied performance obligations. Advance payments include prepayments for NRE services under the Supply Agreement with Verisure. Payment terms vary by customer. The time between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant. For certain products or services and customer types, payment is required before the products or services are delivered to the customer. Performance obligations represent the transaction price allocated that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of the end of the reporting period. Unsatisfied and remaining performance obligations consist of contract liabilities. Research and Development Costs incurred in the research and development of new products are expensed as incurred. Software Development Costs We expense software development costs, including costs to develop software products or the software component of products to be sold, leased, or marketed to external users, before technological feasibility is reached. Technological feasibility is typically reached shortly before the release of such products. As a result, development costs that meet the criteria for capitalization were $0.7 million, $0.6 million and $1.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We capitalize software development costs related to those software applications to be used solely to meet internal needs during the application development stage. Capitalized software development costs are amortized using the straight-line amortization method over the estimated useful life of the applicable software. Costs capitalized for developing such software applications were not material as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are expensed when incurred and included in sales and marketing in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Total advertising costs were $18.9 million, $17.9 million and $27.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation We measure stock-based compensation at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. The fair value of stock options is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance-based restricted stock units is measured on the grant date based on the closing fair market value of our common stock. We utilize a Monte Carlo pricing model customized to the specific provisions to value certain market-based restricted stock units on the grant date. The fair value determined using the Monte Carlo simulation model varies based on the assumptions used for the expected stock price volatility, the correlation coefficient between Arlo and Russell 2000 Index, risk-free interest rates, and dividend yield. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. Our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) is intended to provide employees with the opportunity to purchase our common stock through accumulated payroll deductions at the end of specified purchase period. Eligible employees may contribute up to 15% of compensation, subject to certain income limits, to purchase our common stock. The terms of the plan include a look-back feature that enables employees to purchase stock semi-annually at a price equal to 85% of the lesser of the fair market value at the beginning of the offering period or the purchase date. The duration of each purchasing period is generally six months. We determine the fair value using the Black-Scholes Model using various inputs, including its estimate of expected volatility, term, dividend yield and risk-free interest rate. The risk-free interest rate of the purchase rights granted under the ESPP is based on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury securities, with a remaining term commensurate with the estimated expected term. Expected volatility of the purchase rights granted under the ESPP is based on historical volatility over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected term. We recognize compensation costs for RSUs, stock options, and ESPP on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, usually the vesting period, which is generally four years for stock options and three Foreign Currency Our functional currency is the U.S. dollar. Foreign currency transactions of international subsidiaries are re-measured into U.S. dollars at the end-of-period exchange rates for monetary assets and liabilities, and at historical exchange rates for non-monetary assets and liabilities. Revenue is re-measured at average exchange rates in effect during each period. Expenses are re-measured at average exchange rates in effect during each period, except for expenses related to non-monetary assets and liabilities, which are re-measured at historical exchange rates. Gains and losses arising from foreign currency transactions are included in other income, net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Net Earnings (Loss) Per Share Basic net earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net loss for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net earnings per share is computed by dividing the net earnings for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive common stock outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares include common shares issuable upon exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted stock awards and performance shares, and issuances of shares under the ESPP, which are calculated by application of the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share when their effect is anti-dilutive. Segment Information We operate as one operating and reportable segment. Our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) is identified as the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), who reviews financial information presented in a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. Income Taxes We record the provision for income taxes in the consolidated financial statements using the asset and liability method. Under this method, we recognize income tax liabilities or receivables for the current year. We also recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities, as well as for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income for the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. We record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the net amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. Our assessment considers the recognition of deferred tax assets on a jurisdictional basis. Accordingly, in assessing the future taxable income on a jurisdictional basis, we consider the effect of the transfer pricing policies on that income. We have recorded a valuation allowance against U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets and certain foreign tax attribute carryforwards since we do not anticipate realizing the benefits of these deferred tax assets. We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if we believe that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. As we expand internationally, we will face increased complexity in determining the appropriate tax jurisdictions for revenue and expense items. Our policy is to adjust these unrecognized tax benefits in the period when facts and circumstances change, such as the closing of a tax audit, the expiration of statute of limitation for a relevant taxing authority to examine a tax position, or when additional information becomes available. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different than the amounts recorded, such differences will affect the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made and could have a material impact on the financial condition and operating results. The provision for income taxes includes the effects of any accruals that we believe are appropriate, as well as the related interest and penalties. Legislation enacted in 2017, informally titled the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act introduced the global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions effective in 2018, which generally impose a tax on the net income earned by foreign subsidiaries of a U.S. company in excess of a deemed return on their tangible assets. We recognize the tax on GILTI as a period cost when the tax is incurred. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted In 2024, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, Segment Reporting: Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures , which expands annual and interim disclosure requirements for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. Refer to Note 12, Segment and Geographic Information for the adoption of this guidance and related disclosures. Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective In October 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative , which modifies the disclosure or presentation requirements of a variety of Topics in the Codification. Among the various codification amendments, Topic 470 Debt is applicable to Arlo which requires the disclosure of amounts, terms and weighted-average interest rates of unused lines of credit. The effective date is either the date on which the SEC’s removal of the related disclosure requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, or on June 30, 2027, if the SEC has not removed the requirement by that date, with early adoption prohibited. The adoption of this new standard will not have a material impact on our financial statements and related disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes: Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures , which requires on an annual basis to (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation, (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold, and (3) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that this guidance may have on our financial statements and related disclosures. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement: Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses , which improves disclosure r |
