Security valuation. Investments are valued at the end of each month at a minimum. The fund invests primarily in senior loans. Manulife Investment Management Private Markets (US) LLC (the Advisor), assisted by its Pricing Committee (composed of officers of the Advisor and its affiliates), determines the fair value of the fund’s securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available pursuant to procedures established by the Advisor and adopted by the Board of Trustees. In connection with that determination, portfolio valuations are prepared in accordance with the Advisor’s valuation policy using valuation obtained from independent valuation firms and/or proprietary models.
Valuation techniques include discounted cash flow models, comparison with similar instruments for which observable market prices exist and other valuation models. Assumptions and inputs used in valuation techniques include risk-free and benchmark interest rates, credit spreads and other inputs used in estimating discount rates. For senior loans, the fund uses valuations from independent valuation firms, which are based on models developed from recognized accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America valuation approaches under ASC 820. Some or all of the significant inputs into these models may be unobservable and are derived either from observable market prices or rates or are estimated based on unobservable assumptions. Valuation models that employ significant unobservable inputs require a higher degree of management judgment and estimation in the determination of fair value. Judgment and estimation are usually required for the selection of the appropriate valuation model to be used, determination of expected future cash flows on the financial instrument being valued, determination of the probability of counterparty default and prepayments and selection of appropriate discount rates.
The fund uses a three-tier hierarchy to prioritize the pricing assumptions, referred to as inputs, used in valuation techniques to measure fair value. Level 1 includes securities valued using quoted prices in active markets for identical securities. Level 2 includes securities valued using other significant observable inputs. Observable inputs may include quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds and credit risk. Prices for securities valued using these inputs are received from independent pricing vendors and brokers and are based on an evaluation of the inputs described. Level 3 includes securities valued using significant unobservable inputs when market prices are not readily available or reliable, including the Advisor’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments. Factors used in determining value may include market or issuer specific events or trends, changes in interest rates and credit quality. The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risks associated with investing in those securities. Changes in valuation techniques and related inputs may result in transfers into or out of an assigned level within the disclosure hierarchy.
Senior loan investments are measured at fair value based on the present value of the expected cash flows of the loans. There are no quoted prices in active markets. Assumptions and inputs used in the valuation of senior loan investments include prepayment estimates, determination of the discount rate based on the risk-free interest rate adjusted for credit risk (including estimation of probability of default), liquidity and any other adjustments that the independent valuation firm believes that a third-party market participant would take into account in pricing a transaction. Senior loan investment valuations rely primarily on the use of significant unobservable inputs, including credit assumptions, which require significant judgment and, accordingly, are classified as Level 3.
Other debt obligations are typically valued based on the evaluated prices provided by an independent pricing vendor. Independent pricing vendors utilize matrix pricing which takes into account factors such as institutional-size trading in similar groups of securities, yield, quality, coupon rate, maturity, type of issue, trading characteristics and other market data, as well as broker supplied prices. Other debt obligations are generally classified as Level 2.
Investments in open-end mutual funds are valued at their respective net asset values each business day and are generally classified as Level 1.