Grid Dynamics (GDYN) POS AM 8 Mar 21 Prospectus update (post-effective amendment) Financial data

Document And Entity Information

Document And Entity Information	Dec. 31, 2020
Document Information Line Items
Entity Registrant Name	GRID DYNAMICS HOLDINGS, INC.
Document Type	POS AM
Amendment Flag	true
Amendment Description	On May 12, 2020, Grid Dynamics Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) filed a registration statement (the “Form S-1”) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), on Form S-1 (File No. 333-238202) (the “Registration Statement”). The Registration Statement, as amended, was declared effective by the SEC on June 3, 2020 to initially register for resale by the selling stockholders identified in the prospectus an aggregate of up to 44,829,952 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and up to 346,500 of the Company’s warrants exercisable for the Company’s common stock. This post-effective amendment is being filed to (i) include information from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (the “Annual Report”); and (ii) update certain other information in the prospectus relating to the offering and sale of the shares that were registered for resale on the Form S-1.No additional securities are being registered under this post-effective amendment. All applicable registration and filing fees were paid at the time of the original filing of the Registration Statement on May 12, 2020.On March 5, 2020, a wholly-owned subsidiary (“Merger Sub 1”) of ChaSerg Technology Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation (“ChaSerg”), merged with and into Grid Dynamics International, Inc., a California corporation (“GDI”), with GDI surviving the merger (the “Initial Merger”). Immediately following the Initial Merger, GDI merged with and into another wholly-owned subsidiary of ChaSerg (“Merger Sub 2”) with Merger Sub 2 surviving; Merger Sub 2 was then renamed “Grid Dynamics International, LLC,” and ChaSerg was then renamed “Grid Dynamics Holdings, Inc.” (the “Business Combination”). As of the open of trading on March 6, 2020, the common stock and warrants of Grid Dynamics Holdings, Inc., formerly those of ChaSerg, began trading on the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC as “GDYN” and “GDYNW,” respectively.
Entity Central Index Key	0001743725
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2020
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 112,745	$ 42,189
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $418, and $20 as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019	16,890	13,893
Unbilled receivables	1,799	5,036
Prepaid income taxes	821	308
Deferred transaction costs		1,878
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,361	2,711
Total current assets	134,616	66,015
Property and equipment, net	4,095	4,024
Intangible assets, net	8,125	18
Deferred income taxes	5,609	1,474
Goodwill	14,690
Total assets	167,135	71,531
Liabilities and equity
Accounts payable	757	768
Accrued liabilities	628	1,188
Accrued compensation and benefits	7,479	5,337
Accrued income taxes	1,248	869
Other current liabilities	3,206	138
Total current liabilities	13,318	8,300
Deferred tax liabilities	2,093
Total liabilities	15,411	8,300
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
Convertible preferred stock, no par value, 0 and 1,047,942 shares authorized and outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively		9,187
Stockholders’ equity (Note 9)
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 110,000,000 shares authorized; 50,878,780 and 21,644,392 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively	5	2
Additional paid-in capital	128,930	18,650
Retained earnings	22,793	35,392
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(4)
Total stockholders’ equity	151,724	54,044
Total liabilities, convertible preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity	$ 167,135	$ 71,531

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, net of allowance (in Dollars)	$ 418	$ 20
Convertible preferred stock, par value (in Dollars per share)
Convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	1,047,942
Convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	1,047,942
Common stock, par value (in Dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	110,000,000	110,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	50,878,780	21,644,392
Common stock, shares outstanding	50,878,780	21,644,392

Consolidated Statements of Inco

Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) and Comprehensive Income/(Loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 111,283	$ 118,326	$ 91,865
Cost of revenue	69,662	70,090	52,559
Gross profit	41,621	48,236	39,306
Operating expenses
Engineering, research, and development	9,311	4,346	2,643
Sales and marketing	10,051	6,947	5,200
General and administrative	37,707	21,318	17,634
Total operating expenses	57,069	32,611	25,477
Income/(loss) from operations	(15,448)	15,625	13,829
Other income/(expenses), net	236	(176)	(746)
Income/(loss) before income taxes	(15,212)	15,449	13,083
Provision/(benefit) for income taxes	(2,613)	4,642	3,855
Net income/(loss)	(12,599)	10,807	9,228
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	(4)
Comprehensive income/(loss)	$ (12,603)	$ 10,807	$ 9,228
Earnings/(loss) per share
Basic (in Dollars per share)	$ (0.28)	$ 0.49	$ 0.46
Diluted (in Dollars per share)	$ (0.28)	$ 0.49	$ 0.46
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic (in Shares)	44,737	21,118	20,217
Diluted (in Shares)	44,737	21,122	20,217

Consolidated Statement of Conve

Consolidated Statement of Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Convertible Preferred Stock	Common Stock	Additional paid-in capital	Retained earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive	Total
Balance at beginning at Dec. 31, 2017			$ 7,038	$ 17,357		$ 24,395
Balance at beginning (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		12,000
Retroactive application of recapitalization (Note 3)		$ 2	(2)
Retroactive application of recapitalization (Note 3) (in Shares)		8,217
Adjusted balance beginning of period		$ 2	7,036	17,357		24,395
Adjusted balance beginning of period (in Shares)		20,217
Dividends declared				(2,000)		(2,000)
Stock-based compensation			1,756			1,756
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
Net income (loss)				9,228		9,228
Balance at ending at Dec. 31, 2018		$ 2	8,792	24,585		33,379
Balance at ending (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		20,217
Stock-based compensation			2,441			2,441
Issuance of common and preferred stock, net of $96 issuance costs	$ 9,187		5,717			5,717
Issuance of common and preferred stock, net of $96 issuance costs (in Shares)	1,048	1,048
Exercise of stock options			1,700			1,700
Exercise of stock options (in Shares)		379
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
Net income (loss)				10,807		10,807
Balance at ending at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 9,187	$ 2	18,650	35,392		54,044
Balance at ending (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2019	1,048	21,644
Stock-based compensation			20,006			20,006
Merger recapitalization	$ (9,187)	$ 1	9,187			9,188
Merger recapitalization (in Shares)	(1,048)	1,048
Consideration paid to Grid shareholders			(123,865)			(123,865)
ChaSerg shares recapitalized, net of transaction costs of $4,142		$ 2	204,323			204,325
ChaSerg shares recapitalized, net of transaction costs of $4,142 (in Shares)		28,088
Conversion of promissory note to common stock			530			530
Conversion of promissory note to common stock (in Shares)		53
Exercise of stock options			99			$ 99
Exercise of stock options (in Shares)		18				28,057
Issuance of shares in connection with vested RSUs
Issuance of shares in connection with vested RSUs (in Shares)		28
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax					(4)	$ (4)
Net income (loss)				(12,599)		(12,599)
Balance at ending at Dec. 31, 2020		$ 5	$ 128,930	$ 22,793	$ (4)	$ 151,724
Balance at ending (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2020		50,879

Consolidated Statement of Con_2

Consolidated Statement of Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Issuance of common and preferred stock costs		$ 96
Recapitalized, net of transaction costs	$ 4,142

Consolidated Statement of Cash

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income/(loss)	$ (12,599)	$ 10,807	$ 9,228
Depreciation and amortization	2,672	2,311	1,312
Impairment of goodwill		139
Bad debt expense	398
Deferred income taxes	(4,135)	(425)	(566)
Stock-based compensation	20,006	2,441	1,756
Accounts receivable	(1,418)	(885)	(1,402)
Unbilled receivables	3,237	(722)	(3,607)
Prepaid income taxes	(410)	121	1,917
Deferred transaction costs		(1,878)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	373	(1,101)	(564)
Accounts payable	(49)	301	219
Accrued liabilities	(1,579)	(552)	524
Accrued compensation and benefits	(255)	1,424	1,722
Accrued income taxes	(166)	712	(36)
Other current liabilities	(143)	(159)	81
Net cash provided by operating activities	5,932	12,534	10,584
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property and equipment	(2,252)	(2,811)	(3,079)
Daxx acquisition, net of cash acquired	(16,087)
Net cash used in investing activities	(18,339)	(2,811)	(3,079)
Cash flows from financing activities
Cash received from ChaSerg	208,997
GDI shares redeemed for cash	(123,865)
Equity issuance costs	(2,264)
Sales of common and preferred stock		14,904
Payments of dividends		(2,000)
Proceeds from exercises of stock options	99	1,700
Net cash provided by financing activities	82,967	14,604
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(4)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	70,556	24,327	7,505
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	42,189	17,862	10,357
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	112,745	42,189	17,862
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes	2,128	3,195	1,482
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities
Accrued software implementation costs		227
Acquisition fair value of contingent consideration issued for acquisition of business	1,947
Dividends declared			2,000
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock	$ 9,187

Background and nature of operat

Background and nature of operations	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Background and nature of operations	Note 1 — Background and nature of operations Grid Dynamics Holdings, Inc. (the “Company” or “GDH”) provides enterprise-level digital transformation in the areas of search, analytics, and release automation to Fortune 1000 companies. The Company’s headquarters and principal place of business is in San Ramon, California. The Company was originally incorporated in Delaware on May 21, 2018 as a special purpose acquisition company under the name ChaSerg Technology Acquisition Corp. (“ChaSerg”) for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination involving ChaSerg and one or more businesses. On March 5, 2020 (the “Closing”), the Company consummated its business combination with Grid Dynamics International, Inc. (“GDI”) pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), dated November 13, 2019 (the “Business Combination”). In connection with the Closing, the Company changed its name from ChaSerg Technology Acquisition Corp. to Grid Dynamics Holdings, Inc. The Company’s common stock is now listed on the NASDAQ under the symbol “GDYN” and warrants to purchase the common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share are listed on the NASDAQ under the symbol “GDYNW.” Unless the context otherwise requires, the “Company” refers to the combined company and its subsidiaries following the Business Combination, “ChaSerg” refers to the Company prior to the Closing, and “GDI” refers to GDI prior to the Closing. Refer to Note 3 for further discussion of the Business Combination.

Basis of presentation and summa

Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies	Note 2 — Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies The following is a summary of the significant accounting policies consistently applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Basis of presentation The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Although ChaSerg was the legal acquirer, for accounting purposes, GDI was deemed to be the accounting acquirer. GDI was determined to be the accounting acquirer based on evaluation of the following facts and circumstances: ● GDI holds executive management roles for the Company and those individuals are responsible for the day-to-day operations; ● GDI’s former owners have the largest minority voting rights in the Company; ● From a revenue and business operation standpoint, GDI was the larger entity in terms of relative size; ● GDI’ San Ramon, CA headquarters are the headquarters of the Company; and ● The intended strategy of the Company will continue GDI’s strategy of driving enterprise-level digital transformation in the Fortune 1000 companies. In conjunction with the Business Combination, outstanding shares of GDI were converted into common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, shown as a recapitalization, and the net assets of ChaSerg were acquired at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. GDI was deemed to be the predecessor of the Company, and the consolidated assets and liabilities and results of operations prior to the Closing (for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 and the period from January 1, 2020 to March 5, 2020) are those of GDI. ChaSerg’s assets and liabilities, which include net cash from the trust of $85.1 million, and results of operations were consolidated with GDI beginning on the Closing. In accordance with guidance applicable to these circumstances, the equity structure has been restated in all comparative periods up to the Closing Date, to reflect the number of shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, issued to GDI shareholders in connection with the recapitalization transaction. As such, the shares and corresponding capital amounts and earnings per share related to GDI preferred and common stock prior to the Business Combination have been retroactively restated as shares reflecting the exchange ratio established in the Business Combination. Principles of consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its subsidiaries that are directly or indirectly owned or controlled. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation. Use of estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates and such differences could be material. Significant estimates include useful lives and recoverability of property and equipment, determination of fair value, useful lives and recoverability of intangible assets and goodwill, allowances for receivables, calculation of accrued liabilities, capitalization of internally developed software, stock-based compensation, contingent consideration payable, determination of provision for income taxes and uncertain tax positions. Certain significant risks and uncertainties The Company is subject to risks, including but not limited to customer concentration, concentrations of credit and foreign currency risks. Additionally, the Company has been impacted by the recent coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic. The global pandemic of COVID-19 has negatively affected the U.S. and global economy, disrupted global supply chains, resulted in significant travel and transport restrictions, including mandated closures and orders to “shelter-in-place,” and created significant disruption of the financial market. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the Company’s revenues and the Company’s business continues to be exposed to risks and uncertainties related to the pandemic. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been more pronounced with the Company’s retail customers, which depend on keeping their stores open. Additionally, in situations where the Company’s customers encounter financial difficulties, there is a risk associated with the Company’s inability to collect money from customers. The Company has taken several actions to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic. These include enabling its employees to work from home, company-wide salary and compensation cuts, hiring freezes, and suspending all non-essential travel. The ultimate impact and the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to affect the business, results of operation and financial condition is difficult to predict and depends on numerous evolving factors outside of the Company’s control including: the duration and scope of the pandemic; government, social, business and other actions that have been and will be taken in response to the pandemic; and the effect of the pandemic on short and long-term general economic conditions. Cash and cash equivalents The Company considers cash equivalents to be highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. At times, cash deposits with banks may exceed federally insured limits. Accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts, reflect the net realizable value of receivables and approximate fair value. The Company maintains an allowance against accounts receivable for the estimated probable losses on uncollectible accounts. The allowance is based upon historical loss experience, current economic conditions within the industries the Company serves as well as determination of the specific risk related to certain customers. Accounts receivable are charged off against the reserve when, in management’s estimation, further collection efforts would not result in a reasonable likelihood of receipt. The allowance for doubtful accounts balance increased $0.4 million as of December 31, 2020 compared to December 31, 2019. As of December 31, December 31, (in thousands) Trade accounts receivable $ 17,308 $ 13,913 Allowance for doubtful accounts (418 ) (20 ) Total trade accounts receivable, net $ 16,890 $ 13,893 Unbilled receivables Generally, the Company will not bill customers until the services have been completed. From time-to-time, a service period may overlap with a period-end and the unbilled receivables represent amounts for services performed through period-end, but not yet billed. The unbilled receivable represents the amount expected to be billed and collected for services performed through period-end in accordance with contract terms. The unbilled receivables balances were $1.8 million and $5.0 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally 2 to 7 years. Leasehold improvements and property under capital leases are amortized over the shorter of estimated useful lives of the assets or the lease term. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Software development costs The Company capitalizes costs incurred during the application development and implementation stages for computer software developed or obtained for internal use that are specifically identifiable, have determinable lives and relate to probable future economic benefits. Capitalized computer software costs are included in property and equipment, net in the consolidated balance sheets. Average useful life of such costs is two years. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company capitalized $1.1 million and $1.0 million of internally developed software costs, respectively. The unamortized amount of internally developed software costs was $1.3 million as of December 31, 2020 and $1.1 million as of December 31, 2019. Amortization of internally developed software is recorded within research and development and marketing expenses as the software is developed for purposes of supporting internal R&D, engineering, and marketing activities. Costs associated with minor enhancements and maintenance or costs incurred during the preliminary project stage, and costs for training, data conversion, and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Management evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. Internally developed software did not have any impairment for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. Business Combinations The Company accounts for business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations, recording any assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values. Any excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair value of the assets acquired less liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The Company uses management estimates and industry data to assist in establishing the acquisition date fair values of assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and contingent consideration granted, if any. These estimates and valuations require the Company to make significant assumptions, including projections of future events and operating performance. Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net assets of businesses acquired. On an annual basis, the Company makes a qualitative assessment to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the Company determines that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, it will perform a quantitative analysis; otherwise, no further evaluation is necessary. For the quantitative impairment assessment, the Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that unit, goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is performed. If the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, then the Company will recognize a loss equal to the excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Impairments, if any, are charged directly to earnings. Intangible assets Finite-lived intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed on the straight-line basis over the asset’s useful lives ranging between 2 and 10 years. The Company recorded $0.1 million of amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2020, $0.1 million of amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2019, and $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Fair value Financial instruments are required to be categorized within a valuation hierarchy based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value are measured and classified in accordance with a three-tier fair value hierarchy based on the observability of the inputs available in the market used to measure fair value: ● Level 1 ● Level 2 ● Level 3 Concentrations of credit risk and significant customers Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash is held with high-quality financial institutions. Deposits held with banks may, at times, exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. The Company also has cash deposited with commercial banks outside the United States, including countries such as Russia and Ukraine, in which banking and other financial systems are less developed and regulated. Bank deposits made by corporate entities in less developed markets such as these are not insured. As of December 31, 2020, $0.7 million of total cash was held in Russia and $0.2 million was held in Ukraine. As of December 31, 2019, $1.0 million of total cash was held in Russia and $0.1 million was held in Ukraine. In these regions, and particularly in Russia, a banking crisis, bankruptcy or insolvency of banks that process or hold the Company’s funds, may result in the loss of the Company’s deposits or adversely affect the Company’s ability to complete banking transactions, which could adversely affect the Company’s business and financial condition. The Company records its accounts receivable and unbilled receivables at their face amounts less allowances. Accounts receivable and unbilled receivables are generally dispersed across the Company’s customers in proportion to their revenue. Three customers individually exceeded 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Three customers individually exceeded 10% of the unbilled receivables at December 31, 2020 and two customers individually exceeded 10% of the unbilled receivables balance at December 31, 2019. The Company has not experienced any losses on its cash and cash equivalents and minimal losses on its accounts receivable. The Company performs ongoing evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. Two, three and three customers accounted for greater than 10% of revenue for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Foreign currency risks The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar with an exception of Daxx, recently acquired by the Company, whose functional currency is the Euro. The Company generates most of its revenues in U.S. dollars. The international subsidiaries convert the U.S. dollars to their respective local currencies to fund operations such as labor and materials required for the entity to operate. The Company’s international subsidiaries’ accounting records are denominated in their respective local currencies. The Company is exposed to foreign currency exchange rate changes that could impact remeasurement of foreign denominated monetary assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars with the remeasurement impact recorded to income. The Company is also exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates related to cash outflows for expenditures in foreign currencies. The net income/(loss) on foreign currency transactions was $0.3 million, $(0.3) million, and $(0.2) million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. The Company has not entered into any foreign exchange forward contracts, derivatives, or similar financial instruments to hedge against the risk of foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Revenue recognition The Company accounts for a contract with a customer when 1) the parties to the contract have approved the contract and are committed to performing their respective obligations, 2) the contract identifies each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred, 3) the contract identifies the payment terms for the goods or services to be transferred, 4) the contract has commercial substance, and 5) collection of substantially all consideration pursuant to the contract is probable. The Company derives its revenue from offering a suite of digital engineering and information technology (“IT”) consulting services, including digital transformation strategy, emerging technology, lean labs and legacy system replatforming. For most contracts, the Company uses master agreements to govern the overall relevant terms and conditions of the business arrangement between the Company and its customers. When the Company and a customer enter into a Master Services Agreement (“MSA”), purchases are generally made by the customer via a statement of work (“SOW”) which explicitly references the MSA and specifies the services to be delivered. Fees for these contracts may be in the form of time-and-materials or fixed-fee arrangements. The majority of the Company’s revenues are generated under time-and-material contracts which are billed using hourly rates to determine the amounts to be charged directly to the customer. Fees are billed and collected as stipulated in the contract, and revenue is recognized as services are performed. If there is an uncertainty about the receipt of payment for the services, revenue is recognized to the extent that a significant reversal of revenue would not be probable. Consulting services revenue is a single performance obligation earned through a series of distinct daily services and may include services such as those described above. The Company recognizes revenue for services over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits as the Company performs IT consulting services. For revenue contracts, the customer derives value from the Company providing daily consulting services, and the value derived corresponds to the labor hours expended. Therefore, the Company measures the progress and recognizes revenue using an effort-based input method. For fixed fee contracts, the Company recognizes revenue as the work is performed, the monthly calculation of which is based upon actual labor hours incurred and level of effort expended throughout the duration of the contract. For time-and-material contracts, the Company applies the variable consideration allocation exception. Therefore, instead of allocating the variable consideration to the entire performance obligation, the Company determined the variable consideration should be allocated to each distinct service to which the variable consideration relates, which is providing the customer daily consulting services. The Company also offers volume discounts or early settlement discounts. Volume discounts apply once the customer reaches certain contractual spend thresholds. Early settlement discounts are issued contingent upon the timing of the payment from the customer. If the consideration promised in a contract includes a variable amount, the Company only includes estimated amounts of consideration in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. These estimates may require management to make subjective judgments and to make estimates about the effects of matters inherently uncertain. The determination of whether to constrain consideration in the transaction price are based on information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company, taking into consideration the type of customer, the type of transaction and the specific facts and circumstances of each arrangement. Although the Company believes that its approach in developing estimates and its reliance on certain judgments and underlying inputs is reasonable, actual results may differ from management’s estimates, judgments and assumptions. These estimates have historically not been material to the consolidated financial statements. Disaggregation of Total Revenues: The following table shows the disaggregation of the Company’s revenues by contract type for the year ended December 31, 2020: Contract Type, in thousands Time-and-material $ 104,583 Fixed-fee 5,705 Other 995 Total Revenues $ 111,283 Remaining performance obligation ASC 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of December 31, 2020. This disclosure is not required for: 1) contracts with an original duration of one year or less, including contracts that can be terminated for convenience without a substantive penalty, 2) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenues based on the right to invoice for services performed, 3) variable consideration allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation in accordance with ASC 606-10-25-14(b), for which the criteria in ASC 606-10-32-40 have been met, or 4) variable consideration in the form of a sales-based or usage-based royalty promised in exchange for a license of intellectual property. All of the Company’s contracts met one or more of these exemptions as of December 31, 2020. Cost of revenue Cost of revenue primarily consists of compensation for professional staff generating revenues for the Company. Compensation includes salary, benefits, performance bonuses, retention bonuses, stock compensation expense, and travel expenses. The Company allocates a portion of depreciation and amortization to cost of revenue. Engineering, research and development Engineering, research, and development expenses primarily include compensation for professional staff performing research and development related activities that are not directly attributable to generating revenues for the Company. Research and development activities relate to building and scaling the next generation ecommerce platform solutions for customers. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Engineering, research, and development expenses also include depreciation and amortization costs, stock-based compensation expenses and retention bonuses. Selling and marketing Selling and marketing expenses are those expenses associated with promoting and selling the Company’s services and include such items as sales and marketing personnel salaries, benefits, stock compensation expenses, travel, advertising, depreciation and amortization, retention bonuses, and other promotional activities. General and administrative General and administrative expenses include other operating items such as officers’ and administrative personnel salaries, benefits, stock compensation expenses, legal and audit expenses, public company related expenses, insurance, facility costs, retention bonuses, depreciation and amortization, including amortization of purchased intangibles, and operating lease expenses. Stock-based compensation expense Stock-based compensation expense is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the share-based awards. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred. The Company estimates stock options grant-date fair value using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. The model requires management to make a number of key assumptions including expected volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rate, and expected dividends. The Company evaluates the assumptions used to value its share-based awards on each grant date. The fair market value of Grid Dynamics stock is determined based on the closing price on NASDAQ on the measurement date. The Company amortizes the grant-date fair value of all share-based compensation awards over the employee’s requisite service period for the entire award on a straight-line basis, which is generally the vesting period. For an award with graded vesting that is subject only to a service condition (e.g., time-based vesting), the Company uses the straight-line attribution method under ASC 718 under which they recognize compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the total requisite service period for the entire award (i.e., over the requisite service period of the last separately-vesting tranche of the award). Additionally, the Company applies the “floor” concept so that the amount of compensation cost that is recognized as of any date is at least equal to the grant-date fair value of the vested portion of the award on that date. That is, if the straight-line expense recognized to date is less than the grant date fair value of the award that is legally vested at that date, the company will increase its recognized expense to at least equal the fair value of the vested amount. Refer to Note 9 — Stock-based compensation for additional information. Income taxes The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of the assets and liabilities. The determination of the provision for income taxes requires significant judgment, the use of estimates and the interpretation and application of complex tax laws. The provision for income taxes reflects a combination of income earned and taxed in the various U.S. federal and state, international and other jurisdictions. Jurisdictional tax law changes, increases or decreases in permanent differences between book and tax items, accruals or adjustments of accruals for tax contingencies or valuation allowances, and the change in the mix of earnings from these taxing jurisdictions all affect the overall effective tax rate. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Management considers all available evidence, both positive and negative, in determining whether a valuation allowance is required. Such evidence includes prior earnings history, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, carryback and carryforward periods of tax attributes, and tax planning strategies that could potentially enhance the likelihood of realization of a deferred tax asset in making this assessment. The weight given to the positive and negative evidence is commensurate with the extent to which the evidence may be objectively verified. The Company evaluates for uncertain tax positions at each balance sheet date. When it is more likely than not that a position will be sustained upon examination by a tax authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information, the Company measures the amount of tax benefit from the position and records the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized after settlement with a tax authority. The Company’s policy for interest and/or penalties related to underpayments of income taxes is to include interest and penalties in income tax expense. Restructuring The Company initiated a restructuring plan focused on optimizing utilization. For twelve months ended December 31, 2020, the Company incurred and paid total restructuring expenses of $0.9 million, which mostly included employee termination costs. This amount is included as a component of general and administrative expenses in the consolidated financial statements. Earnings per share The Company accounts for earnings per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common and potential dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. Under U.S. GAAP, companies are required to include certain option grants granted to employees and convertible preferred stock in the diluted earnings per share calculation, except in cases where the effect of the inclusion of options and convertible preferred stock would be antidilutive. Recently adopted accounting pronouncements Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”), in the form of Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”), to the FASB’s ASC. The Company has elected not to opt out of the extended transition period and thus when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. The Company transitioned to ASC Topic 606, Revenue From Contracts with Customers The Company elected to early adopt ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles, Goodwill, and Other - Internal Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s accounting for implementation costs incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a service contract In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-17, “ Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities Recently issued accounting pronouncements The Company considered the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on the consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) — Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326) Leases (Topic 842). In December 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes In March 2020, FASB issued ASU No. 2020-03, Codification to Financial Instruments.

Business combination

Business combination	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Business combination	Note 3 – Business combination On March 5, 2020, ChaSerg consummated its business combination with GDI pursuant to the Merger Agreement. Immediately following the Business Combination, there were 50,833,619 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.0001, and 11,346,500 warrants outstanding. GDI began operations in September 2006 to provide next-generation ecommerce platform solutions in the areas of search, analytics, and release automation to Fortune 1000 companies. Under ASC 805, Business Combinations, The aggregate consideration for the Business Combination was $396.5 million, consisting of $130.0 million in cash and 27,006,251 shares of ChaSerg’s common stock valued at $10.19 per share, less a post-Closing share adjustment amount of 857,143 shares which were placed in escrow post-Closing. The shares transferred at Closing included 4,313,917 options to purchase the Company’s shares that were vested, outstanding and unexercised, which were determined using 1,739,932 vested options at Closing converted at an exchange ratio of approximately 2.48. Additionally, 364,094 options to purchase the Company’s common stock that were unvested, outstanding and unexercised were assumed by the Company, which were determined using 146,865 unvested options at Closing converted at an exchange ratio of approximately 2.48. The following represents the aggregate consideration for the Business Combination: (in thousands, except for share and per share amounts) Shares transferred at Closing 27,006,251 Less: Post-Closing share adjustment (857,143 ) Total shares transferred at Closing 26,149,108 Value per share 10.19 Total share consideration $ 266,459 Plus: Cash transferred to GDI stockholders 130,000 Closing merger consideration $ 396,459 In connection with the Closing, 51,715 shares of common stock were redeemed at a price per share of approximately $10.21. See Note 9 for details of the Company’s common stock prior to and subsequent to the Business Combination. In connection with the Business Combination, the Company incurred direct and incremental costs of approximately $4.7 million, consisting of legal and professional fees, of which $4.1 million were related to equity issuance costs and recorded to additional paid-in capital as a reduction of proceeds and $0.6 million were recorded to general and administrative expenses. In connection with the Business Combination, all outstanding retention bonus obligations from a 2017 acquisition totaling $3,363,000 were accelerated and paid in full to Grid Dynamics’ personnel immediately prior to the Closing and were recorded in cost of revenue and operating expenses in the consolidated financial statements.

Acquisition of Daxx Web Industr

Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V.	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combination Acquisition Disclosure [Abstract]
Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V.	Note 4 — Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. On December 14, 2020, the Company completed its acquisition of Daxx, a Netherlands-based software development and technology consulting company. In addition to high-end software development, Daxx provides consulting services spanning agile process reengineering, lean development, and DevOps. The Company expects to gain market share and realize synergies through the acquisition of Daxx. The total purchase consideration is up to $23.3 million and included cash consideration of approximately $18.4 million and contingent cash consideration of up to approximately $4.9 million. The fair value of the contingent consideration at the date of the acquisition was determined to be approximately $1.9 million. The contingent consideration is payable based on revenue and EBITDA metrics achieved by Daxx for 270 days following the date of the acquisition (the “Earnout Period”) and is payable 60 days following the Earnout Period. The Company recorded a liability for the contingent consideration amount based the Company’s best estimate of the fair value of the expected payout. The Company will continue to reassess the expected contingent consideration payable and changes to the fair value of the expected payment will be reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) and Comprehensive Income/(Loss). The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition: (In thousands) Cash & equivalents $ 2,266 Accounts receivable 1,978 Prepaid expenses and other 283 Fixed assets 352 Goodwill 14,690 Intangible assets 8,174 Accounts payable (37 ) Accrued expenses (2,397 ) Tax liabilities (2,639 ) Other current liability and unearned revenues (2,284 ) Net assets acquired $ 20,386 The fair value of identifiable intangible assets as of the date of acquisition is as follows: (In thousands) Fair Value Useful Life Amortization method Customer relationships $ 4,234 8 years Straight-line Daxx trade name 3,500 10 years Straight-line Non-compete agreements 440 2 years Straight-line Total identified intangible assets $ 8,174 As a result of the acquisition, the Company recognized a total of $14.7 million of goodwill. The purchase price was assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition, and any excess was allocated to goodwill, as shown in the table above. Goodwill represents the value the Company expects to achieve through the implementation of operational synergies and growth opportunities as the Company expands its global reach. The goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. The Company used various valuation techniques to determine fair value, with the primary techniques being discounted cash flow analysis, relief-from-royalty, and multi-period excess earnings valuation approaches, which use significant unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs, as defined by the fair value hierarchy. Under these valuation approaches, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions about sales, operating margins, growth and attrition rates, royalty rates and discount rates based on budgets, business projections, anticipated future cash flows, and marketplace data. The acquisition of Daxx was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, and consequently, the results of operations for Daxx are reported in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. Daxx’s revenues were approximately $1.0 million from the date of acquisition to December 31, 2020. Daxx's results for the same period were insignificant to the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) and Comprehensive Income/(Loss). The following unaudited pro forma information presents the combined results of operations as if the acquisition of Daxx had occurred at the beginning of 2019. Daxx’s pre-acquisition results have been added to the Company’s historical results. The pro forma results contained in the table below include adjustments for amortization of acquired intangibles, depreciation expense, related to the financing and related income taxes. Any potential cost savings or other operational efficiencies that could result from the acquisition are not included in these pro forma results. The 2019 and 2020 pro forma results include transaction related expenses incurred by Daxx prior to the acquisition of $0.4 million including items such as consultant fees and other deal costs; transaction related expenses incurred by the Company of $0.5 million including fees paid to third parties and other deal costs. These pro forma results have been prepared for comparative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations as they would have been had the acquisitions occurred on the assumed dates, nor are they necessarily an indication of future operating results. (In thousands, unaudited) 2020 2019 Revenue $ 133,622 $ 138,002 Net income/(loss) $ (10,925 ) $ 12,091 Earnings/(loss) per share $ (0.24 ) $ 0.55

Property and Equipment, net

Property and Equipment, net	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and Equipment, net	Note 5 — Property and Equipment, net Property and equipment consist of the following: Estimated As of December 31, Useful 2020 2019 (dollars in thousands) Computers and equipment 3 $ 6,447 $ 5,470 Machinery and automobiles 5 551 129 Furniture and fixtures 7 643 544 Software 5 554 407 Leasehold improvements 7 236 119 8,430 6,669 Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (5,622 ) (3,784 ) 2,809 2,885 Capitalized software development costs 2 3,531 2,478 Less: Accumulated amortization (2,245 ) (1,339 ) 1,287 1,139 Property and equipment, net $ 4,095 $ 4,024 Property and equipment depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $2.6 million, $2.2 million, and $1.1 million, respectively.

Intangible assets, net

Intangible assets, net	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Intangible assets, net	Note 6 — Intangible assets, net Intangible assets consist of the following: Estimated As of Life December 31, December 31, (dollars in thousands) Customer relationships 8 $ 4,234 $ - Tradename 10 3,500 - Non-compete agreements 2 440 - Technology 5 - 478 8,174 478 Less: Accumulated amortization (49 ) (460 ) Intangible assets, net $ 8,125 18 Intangible assets amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $0.1 million, $0.1 million, $0.2 million, respectively. Technology was fully amortized and written off during the twelve months ending December 31, 2020 due to its obsolescence.

Other current liabilities

Other current liabilities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Other Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Other current liabilities	Note 7 — Other current liabilities The components of other current liabilities were as follows: As of December 31, 2020 2019 (In thousands) Customer deposits $ 731 $ - Other liabilities 528 138 Contingent consideration payable 1,947 - Total other current liabilities $ 3,206 $ 138 In connection with the acquisition of Daxx on December 14, 2020, the Company recorded a contingent consideration payable, a post-closing earn-out consideration, estimated based on fair value.

Income taxes

Income taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income taxes	Note 8 — Income taxes Income before provision for income taxes consisted of the following: For the years ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) United States $ (18,084 ) $ 13,486 $ 9,460 International 2,872 1,963 3,623 $ (15,212 ) $ 15,449 $ 13,083 The federal and state income tax provision/(benefit) is summarized as follows: For the years ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) Current Federal $ 167 $ 3,799 $ 2,841 State 97 599 623 International 1,199 669 936 Total current tax expense 1,462 5,067 4,400 Deferred Federal (3,042 ) (375 ) (484 ) State (811 ) (50 ) (61 ) International (222 ) — — Total deferred tax expense/(benefit) (4,076 ) (425 ) (545 ) Total tax expense/(benefit) $ (2,613 ) $ 4,642 $ 3,855 ) Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of (a) temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, and (b) operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. The tax effects of significant items comprising the Company’s deferred taxes as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows (in thousands): As of December 31, 2020 2019 (in thousands) Deferred tax assets Accrued compensation $ 545 $ 401 Allowance for bad debt 105 5 State tax accrual 13 165 Stock-based compensation 2,595 906 Net operating loss 2,364 111 Credits 71 - Total deferred tax assets 5,693 1,588 Deferred tax liabilities Fixed asset basis (84 ) (114 ) Intangible assets (2,093 ) - Total deferred tax liabilities (2,177 ) (114 ) Net deferred taxes $ 3,516 $ 1,474 The Company assessed its ability to realize the benefits of its domestic deferred tax assets (DTA) by evaluating all available positive and negative evidence, objective and subjective in nature, including (1) cumulative results of operations in recent years, (2) sources of recent pre-tax income, (3) estimates of future taxable income, and (4) the length of net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforward periods. The Company determined it is in a three-year cumulative taxable income position as of December 31, 2020 and expects to continue to be in a taxable income position in the long-term foreseeable future. After an evaluation of all available qualitative and quantitative evidence, both positive and negative in nature, the Company concluded it is more likely than not that sufficient future taxable income will be generated to realize the benefits of its DTAs prior to expiration. As a result, the Company determined that no valuation allowance was needed as of December 31, 2020. Net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards as of December 31, 2020 are as follows: Amount Expiration years (in thousands) Net operating losses, federal (Post December 31, 2017) $ 8,855 Do not expire Net operating losses, federal (Pre January 1, 2018) 404 2032 – 2040 Net operating losses, state $ 7,140 2032 – 2040 Tax credits, federal 115 2040 The effective tax rate of the Company’s provision/(benefit) for income taxes differs from the federal statutory rate as follows: For the years ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Statutory rate (21.00 )% 21.00 % 21.00 % State tax (3.86 )% 2.53 % 3.31 % Permanent items 2.81 % 3.17 % 4.68 % Stock-based compensation deductions (2.43 )% 1.19 % — % R&D credits (0.1 )% (0.70 )% (0.86 )% Foreign rate differential 2.62 % 2.86 % 1.33 % GILTI 4.78 % - - Total (17.18 )% 30.05 % 29.46 % F-19 As of December 31, 2020, the Company has approximately $0.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits. Approximately all of the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. A reconciliation of the amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows: (in thousands) Balance at January 1, 2020 $ 357 Increases related to prior year tax positions 1 Increases related to current year tax positions 296 Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 654 Unrecognized tax benefits may change during the next twelve months for items that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company does not anticipate a material change to its unrecognized tax benefits over the next twelve months. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters as tax expense. There was no interest or penalties accrued as of December 31, 2020. The Company is subject to income taxes in U.S. federal and various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. The tax years ended from December 2012 to December 2019 remain open to examination due to the carryover of unused net operating losses or tax credits. In January 2018, the FASB released guidance on the accounting for tax on the global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions of the Act. The GILTI provisions impose a tax on foreign income in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets of foreign corporations. The guidance indicates that either accounting for deferred taxes related to GILTI inclusions or treating any taxes on GILTI inclusions as period cost are both acceptable methods subject to an accounting policy election. The Company has elected to treat any potential GILTI inclusions as a period cost. On March 27, 2020, the U.S. President signed into law the CARES Act, an economic stimulus package in response to the COVID-19 global pandemic. The CARES Act contains several corporate income tax provisions, including making remaining alternative minimum tax credits immediately refundable; providing a 5-year carryback of net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) generated in tax years 2018, 2019, and 2020, and removing the 80% taxable income limitation on utilization of those NOLs if carried back to prior tax years or utilized in tax years beginning before 2021; and temporarily liberalizing the interest deductibility rules under Section 163(j) of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, by raising the adjusted taxable income limitation from 30% to 50% for tax years 2019 and 2020 and giving taxpayers the election of using 2019 adjusted taxable income for purposes of computing 2020 interest deductibility. The Company is still evaluating the impact but does not currently expect the provisions of the CARES Act to have a material effect on the realizability of deferred income tax assets or tax expense. There is no material impact for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020. As additional guidance is released, the Company will evaluate whether there would need to be a change in the period when such guidance is issued. The Company's provision for income taxes does not include provisions for foreign withholding taxes associated with the repatriation of undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that we intend to reinvest indefinitely in our foreign subsidiaries. On December 27, 2020, the U.S. president has signed into law the “Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021” which includes further COVID-19 economic relief and extension of certain expiring tax provisions. The relief package was not materially impactful on the Company’s tax positions. California Assembly Bill 85 (AB 85) was signed into law by Governor Gavin Newsom on June 29, 2020. The legislation suspends the California Net Operating Loss deductions for 2020, 2021, and 2022 for certain taxpayers and imposes a limitation of California Tax Credits utilization for 2020, 2021, and 2022. The legislation disallows the use of California Net Operating Loss deductions if the taxpayer recognizes business income and its income subject to tax is greater than $1 million. Additionally, business credits will only offset a maximum of $5 million of California tax liability. The Company has estimated its 2020 California state taxable income to be below $1 million. As such, this limitation does not impact the Company in 2020.

Stockholders' equity

Stockholders' equity	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Stockholders’ equity	Note 9 — Stockholders’ equity The following description summarizes the material terms and provisions of the securities that the Company has authorized. Common stock The Company is authorized to issue 110,000,000 shares of common stock. At Closing the Company had issued 50,833,619 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2020 the Company had 50,878,780 shares of common stock that were outstanding, of which: a) 26,888,285 shares were issued to the stockholders of ChaSerg who did not redeem their shares, b) 1,200,000 shares legally issued and outstanding to the ChaSerg Founders and underwriter subject to earnout provisions as discussed further below, c) 53,000 shares issued to the Sponsor of ChaSerg at $10.00 per share as the result of a promissory note of $0.5 million converted to the Company’s common stock, d) 19,490,295 shares issued to GDD International Holding Company, e) 2,094,850 shares issued to BGV Opportunity Fund, L.P., and f) 1,152,350 shares issued to former shareholders of GDI. Additionally at Closing, there were 4,313,917 outstanding vested options to purchase the Company’s common stock. Preferred Stock As of December 31, 2019 GDI had 1,047,942 shares of no par value shares of preferred stock outstanding convertible on a 1:1 basis with GDI’s common stock. At the Closing, the preferred stock outstanding was converted into common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share. Therefore, as of December 31, 2020 there was no preferred stock outstanding. Founders and underwriter shares subject to earnout provisions At the Closing, the Company had 1,200,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding subject to earnout provisions (the “Earnout Shares”). The Earnout Shares are subject to transfer restrictions and the owners of the Earnout Shares cannot sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of their respective shares until the respective earnout provisions have been achieved as described further below. The Earnout Shares have full ownership rights including the right to vote and receive dividends and other distributions thereon. Dividends and other distributions are not subject to forfeiture in accordance with the Amended and Restated Sponsor Share Letter filed with the SEC on January 26, 2020. The Earnout Shares vest and are no longer subject to the transfer restrictions as follows: 1) 399,999; 400,000; and 400,001 Earnout Shares vest if the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the principal exchange on which the securities are listed or quoted have been at or about $12.00; $13.50; and $15.00 per share, respectively, for 20 trading days (which need not be consecutive) over a thirty trading day period at any time; The Earnout Shares automatically vest upon and immediately prior to any of the following events: 1) The Company engages in a “going private” transaction pursuant to Rule 13e-3 under the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise cease to be subject to reporting obligations under Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act; 2) The Company’s common stock ceases to be listed on a national securities exchange; 3) The Company is amalgamated, merged, consolidated or reorganized with or into another company or person (an “Acquiror”) and as a result of such amalgamation, merger, consolidation or reorganization, fewer than 50.1% (whether by voting or economic rights) of the outstanding equity securities or other capital interests of the Acquiror or surviving or resulting entity is owned in the aggregate by the shareholders of the Company, directly or indirectly, immediately prior to such amalgamation, merger, consolidation or reorganization, excluding from such computation the interests of the Acquiror or any affiliate of the Acquiror; 4) The Company and/or its subsidiaries sell, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of (including by bulk reinsurance outside of the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice), in one or a series of related transactions, all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to an Acquiror, fewer than 50.1% (whether by voting or economic rights) of the outstanding equity securities or other capital interests of which, immediately following such sale, assignment or transfer, are owned in the aggregate by the pre-transaction Company stockholders; or 5) If a Schedule 13D or Schedule 13G report (or any successor schedules, form or report), each as promulgated pursuant to the Exchange Act, is filed with the SEC disclosing that any person or group (as the terms “person” and “group” are used in Section 13(d) or Section 14(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) has become the beneficial owner (as the term “beneficial owner” is defined in Rule 13d-3 or any successor rule or regulation promulgated under the Exchange Act) of a percentage of shares of the outstanding Company common shares as shall be greater than the percentage of such shares that, at the date of such filing, is held by any other person or group that held more than 50% of the voting or economic power of Company immediately after the Closing. The Earnout Shares released for any event as noted above shall be subject to an equitable adjustment for share splits, share dividends, reorganizations, combinations, recapitalizations and similar transactions affecting the common stock after the Closing. Additionally, each such price threshold shall be reduced by the amount of the aggregate cash or the fair market value of any securities or other assets paid or payable by the Company to the holders of common stock, on a per share basis, as an extraordinary dividend or distribution following the Closing; provided that the declaration and payment of any such extraordinary dividend or distribution shall be subject to all applicable Laws. An “extraordinary dividend or distribution” means any dividend or distribution other than a regularly-scheduled dividend or distribution. As of December 31, 2020, none of the Earnout Shares have vested. On January 20, 2021, 399,999 Earnout Shares vested and are no longer subject to transfer restrictions. On March 2, 2021, 400,000 Earnout Shares vested and are no longer subject to transfer restrictions. Warrants As of December 31, 2020, there were a total of 11,346,500 warrants outstanding. As part of its initial public offering (“IPO”), ChaSerg issued 22,000,000 units including one share of common stock and one-half of one redeemable warrant. Simultaneously with its IPO, ChaSerg issued 640,000 private placement units to its sponsor underwriter, each consisting of one common share and one-half of one redeemable warrant. ChaSerg issued 53,000 units as a result of the conversion of a working capital sponsor loan consisting of one common share and one-half of one redeemable warrant. Each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50. Warrants may only be exercised for a whole number of shares for common stock. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants. Each warrant is currently exercisable and will expire March 5, 2025 (five years after the completion of the Business Combination), or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. The Company may call the warrants for redemption at a price of $0.01 per warrant upon a minimum 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, if and only if, the reported last sale price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending three business days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders; and if and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the shares of common stock underlying such warrants.

Stock-based compensation

Stock-based compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Stock-based compensation	Note 10 — Stock-based compensation 2018 Stock Plan GDI had previously adopted a stock plan in 2018 (the “2018 Stock Plan”). Under the terms of the 2018 Stock Plan, certain option grants were accelerated in full or by an additional 12 months as a result of the Business Combination. Therefore, on the date of Closing, the acceleration of vesting for 2,568,523 stock options resulted in a stock compensation charge and corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital of $2.5 million. Additionally, at Closing, a percentage of outstanding vested GDI stock options were settled in exchange for cash consideration, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement. The remaining portion of outstanding vested options totaling 1,739,932 and all unvested options totaling 146,865 were automatically assumed and converted into options to purchase the Company’s common stock as of the Closing. The number of each participant’s assumed options and the exercise price were adjusted as provided in the Merger Agreement. There was no incremental compensation cost attributable to the incremental fair value of the modified options compared to the original options on the modification date. The assumed stock options will continue to be subject to the same terms and conditions, including vesting schedule terms, in accordance with the 2018 Stock Plan. Exercise prices for 2018 Stock Plan options range between $3.51 and $3.54 per share. The following table sets forth the activity for the 2018 Stock Plan, including the conversion of the vested and unvested options, for the year ended December 31, 2020: Options Balance at December 31, 2019 2,734,327 Cashed out (828,590 ) Forfeited (18,940 ) Balance at March 31, 2020 (prior to exchange ratio conversion) 1,886,797 Converted vested balance 4,313,917 Converted unvested balance 364,094 Balance at March 6, 2020 (post to exchange ratio conversion) 4,678,011 Exercised in 2020 (28,057 ) Forfeited/Cancelled in 2020 (50,164 ) Options Outstanding as of December, 31, 2020 4,599,790 As of December 31, 2020, 0.05 million shares were forfeited, and 0.03 million shares were exercised for the total proceeds of $0.1 million. The number of shares exercisable as of December 31, 2020 was 4.4 million with the average exercise price $3.54 per share. The intrinsic value of the 4.6 million total outstanding shares of 2018 Plan Options as of December 31, 2020, was $41.7 million with the remaining contractual term 8.02 years. The total unrecognized compensation expenses related to 2018 Plan options as of December 31, 2020 was $0.2 million, net of forfeitures, to be expensed on a straight-line basis over 2.68 years. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan Effective March 5, 2020, our board of directors approved an equity incentive plan (the “2020 Plan”). The 2020 Plan permits the Company to grant a maximum aggregate amount of 16,300,000 Incentive Stock Options, Non-Statutory Stock Options (“NSOs”), Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”), Stock Appreciation Rights, Performance Units (“PSUs”), and Performance Shares (“PSAs”) (collectively, the “Awards”) to employees, directors, and consultants of the Company. Our board of directors or any committee appointed by the board has the authority to grant Awards. As of December 31, 2020, our board of directors granted 2,087,000 NSOs, 3,053,969 RSUs, and 574,188 target PSUs at a maximum payout at 300%. The following table represent the number of shares available for grants from 2020 Equity Incentive Plan: Available Available, March 5, 2020 16,300,000 Options granted (2,087,000 ) RSU granted (3,053,969 ) PSU granted (253% target achieved) (1,452,699 ) Options forfeited 144,600 RSU forfeited 30,000 Available for grant, December 31, 2020 9,880,932 Stock Options The total of 2,087,000 NSOs shares granted during 2020 from 2020 Equity Incentive Plan with weighted average exercise price $8.37 are subject to the following time-based vesting conditions: one-fourth of the NSOs will vest on one year after the grant date; and thereafter one-sixteenth of the NSOs will vest each subsequent three-month anniversary. The NSOs have a ten-year exercise term, and once the NSOs are vested, the recipients have the right to purchase the Company’s stock at a fixed exercise price. The grant date fair value of each NSO was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The key assumptions for 2020 grants are provided in the following table. 2020 Dividend yield 0% Expected volatility 40% Risk-free interest rate 0.31-0.80% Expected term in years 6.11 Grant date fair value of common stock. $6.86 - 11.89 The Company used a zero percent dividend yield assumption for all Black-Scholes stock option-pricing calculations. Since the Company’s shares were not publicly traded prior to the Closing and its shares were rarely traded privately, expected volatility is estimated based on the average historical volatility of similar entities with publicly traded shares. The risk-free rate for the expected term of the options is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve at the date of grant. Expected term is estimated using the simplified method, which takes into account vesting and contractual term. The simplified method is being used to calculate expected term instead of historical experience due to a lack of relevant historical data resulting from changes in option vesting schedules and changes in the pool of employees receiving option grants. The following table summarizes option activity for year 2020: Shares Price (1) Term (2) Options granted 2,087,000 $ 8.37 Options forfeited (144,600 ) 8.13 Options outstanding as of December 31, 2020 1,942,400 $ 8.38 9.22 (1) Represents the weighted average exercise price (2) Represents weighted average remaining contractual term None of the 2020 NSO grants are vested as of December 31, 2020. The aggregated fair value of 2.1 million NSOs granted during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 was $6.9 million or $3.28 per share. The intrinsic value of the 1.9 million total outstanding shares of 2020 Plan Options as of December 31, 2020, was $8.2 million. The total unrecognized compensation expenses related to 2020 Stock Plan options as of December 31, 2020 was $5.3 million, net of forfeitures, to be expensed on a straight-line basis over the remaining 3.31 years. Restricted Stock Units A total 3.1 million RSUs granted as of December 31, 2020 were granted at the average fair market value of the Company’s stock of $8.22 on the date of the grant. The RSUs granted to employees generally are subject to the following time-based vesting conditions: one-fourth vest on the first anniversary of the grant; and thereafter one-sixteenth of the RSUs will vest each subsequent three-month anniversary. RSUs granted do not participate in earnings, dividends, and do not have voting rights until vested. RSUs granted to the Board in lieu of the quarterly payments vest immediately. As of December 31, 2020, 28,300 shares of RSUs were released to the board for a total value of $0.2 million. The aggregated fair value of RSUs granted during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 was $25.1 million. The total unrecognized compensation expenses related to 2020 Stock Plan RSUs as of December 31, 2020 was $19.8 million to be expensed on a straight-line basis over 3.15 years. Performance Stock Units On May 4, 2020, the Company granted 574,188 Performance Stock target shares under the 2020 Stock Plan with the maximum payout capped at 300%. The performance goals for these grants consist of: 1) Year-over-year growth in Non-Retail revenue for the Performance Period, which is Fiscal Year 2020, expressed as a percentage increase over the fiscal year 2019 Non-Retail revenue (“Revenue Growth”), and 2) Contribution Margin for the Performance Period as a percentage of Non-Retail revenue for the Performance Period. Fifty percent (50%) of the target number of performance shares granted will vest (if at all) based on the extent of achievement of Revenue Growth for the Performance Period and the remaining fifty percent (50%) of the target number of performance shares granted will vest (if at all) based on the extent of achievement of the Contribution Margin. Performance shares will be certified and vested no later than March 1, 2021 with the payout shortly after. As of December 31, 2020, the Company assessed the vesting of the Performance Share Units as probable. Stock-based compensation expense related to Performance Stock Units was $9.2 million in the twelve months ended December 31, 2020. The unrecognized expense for PSUs as of December 31, 2020, was $2.3 million. Subsequent Event The vesting of the PSUs was certified by the Board of Directors for release on February 12, 2021. Approximately 0.7 million shares were issued upon vesting of the PSUs and 0.75 million shares were withheld to cover $10.7 million in tax obligations. Stock-Based Compensation Expense The Company classifies awards issued under the stock-based compensation plans as equity. Total compensation expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 was $20.0 million, which included $2.5 million of compensation expense related to the acceleration of vesting of awards under the 2018 Stock Plan. Total compensation expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $2.4 million and $1.8 million respectively. Employee stock-based compensation recognized was as follows (in thousands): Twelve months ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) Cost of revenue $ 840 $ 148 $ 84 Engineering, research, and development 2,419 175 103 Sales and marketing 3,532 53 40 General and administrative 13,215 2,065 1,529 Total stock-based compensation $ 20,006 $ 2,441 $ 1,756 As of December 31, 2020, there was approximately $27.6 million of stock-based compensation expenses to be recognized over the remaining 2.67 years.

Earnings per share

Earnings per share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings per share	Note 11 — Earnings per share The Company computed earnings per share (“EPS”) in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities. Undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities are subtracted from net income in determining net income attributable to common stockholders. The Company allocated income between its common and preferred shareholders only for the periods the preferred stock was outstanding, which was January 1, 2020 to March 4, 2020 and May 6, 2019 to December 31, 2019. There was no preferred stock outstanding March 5, 2020 to December 31, 2020 and January 1, 2019 to May 6, 2019. As the Company was in a net loss position for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, the net loss was allocated entirely to common shareholders. All participating securities are excluded from basic weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period increased to include the number of additional shares of common stock that would have been outstanding if the potentially dilutive securities had been issued. Potentially dilutive securities include outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, performance stock units, and convertible preferred securities. The dilutive effect of potentially dilutive securities is reflected in diluted EPS in order of dilution and by application of the treasury stock method and the if-converted method for stock-based compensation and convertible preferred securities, respectively. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS of common stock as follows: For the years ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands, except per share data) Numerator for basic earnings per share Net income/(loss) $ (12,599 ) $ 10,807 $ 9,228 Less: Income attributable to preferred shareholders — (377 ) — Net income/(loss) available to common shareholders (12,599 ) 10,430 9,228 Denominator for basic earnings per share Weighted-average shares outstanding – basic 44,737 21,118 20,217 Basic earnings/(loss) per share $ (0.28 ) $ 0.49 $ 0.46 Numerator for diluted earnings per share Net income available to common shareholders $ (12,599 ) $ 10,430 $ 9,228 Denominator for diluted earnings per share Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding 44,737 21,118 20,217 Add: Dilutive impact of options in the money — 4 — Weighted-average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share 44,737 21,122 20,217 Diluted earnings/(loss) per share $ (0.28 ) $ 0.49 $ 0.46 The denominator used in the calculation of basic and diluted EPS has been retrospectively adjusted for the recapitalization of the Company’s shares as a result of the Business Combination as further described in Note 3. The following potential common shares, presented based on amounts outstanding at each period end and adjusted for the stock split as a result of the transaction, were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the periods indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect: For the twelve months ended Potential common shares 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) Convertible preferred stock 1,048 1,048 - Stock options to purchase common stock 8,866 - 5,579 Restricted stock units 3,054 - - Performance stock units 1,453 - - Warrants to purchase common stock 11,347 - - Total 25,768 1,048 5,579

Segment and geographic informat

Segment and geographic information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment and geographic information	Note 12 — Segment and geographic information In accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting Most of the Company’s revenues are generated within the United States. Long-lived assets include property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization and is summarized as follows (in thousands): As of December 31, Long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization 2020 2019 ( in thousands) United States $ 712 $ 885 Russia 1,023 1,386 Ukraine* 1,340 773 Poland 528 577 Serbia 492 403 Total $ 4,095 $ 4,024 * Includes Daxx

Related party transactions

Related party transactions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related party transactions	Note 13 — Related party transactions One of the Company’s minority shareholders is a member of the Board of Directors of one of the Company’s customers. Total revenue recorded from the related party for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was approximately $0.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively. Accounts receivable from the related party was $0.0 million and $0.5 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Revenue and accounts receivable from the related party were not material in the year ended December 31, 2018. On November 28, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.17 per common share, or $2.0 million, to the Company’s sole shareholder ASL. The dividend was paid in 2019. As discussed further in Note 2, the Company provides services to its customers utilizing personnel from GD-Ukraine. GD-Ukraine performs services and support exclusively on behalf of the Company and its customers, however, the Company has no ownership in the sub-contractor. GD-Ukraine’s equity holder is an employee of the Company.

Benefit plans

Benefit plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Benefit plans	Note 14 — Benefit plans The Company maintains a 401(k) defined contribution savings and retirement plan for substantially all of its U.S. employees. Subject to Code limitations, an employee may elect to contribute an amount up to 60% of compensation during each plan year. The Company is not required to make contributions to the plan but can make discretionary contributions. The Company has not made any contributions to the 401(k) plan for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018.

Commitments and contingencies

Commitments and contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and contingencies	Note 15 — Commitments and contingencies Operating leases The Company leases its vehicles and facilities under non-cancelable operating leases expiring between January 2021 and January 2024. Rent expense related to the Company’s operating leases was approximately $4.2, $4.8 million, and $3.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Future minimum payments under non-cancelable leases are as follows: Years ending December 31, (in thousands) 2021 $ 2,878 2022 992 2023 85 2024 2 Total $ 3,957 Software subscription services agreement The Company entered into a software subscription services agreement (the “SSA”) effective as of June 1, 2019. The SSA is non-cancelable for a term of five years from the effective date and renewable at the election of the Company. Payments under the terms of the SSA are due quarterly in advance. Total future minimum payments under the non-cancelable SSA are as follows: Years ending December 31, (in thousands) 2021 $ 505 2022 369 2023 324 2024 81 Total $ 1,279 Litigation The Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Management evaluates each claim and provides for potential loss when the claim is probable to be paid and reasonably estimable. While adverse decisions in certain of these litigation matters, claims and administrative proceedings could have a material effect on a particular period’s results of operations, subject to the uncertainties inherent in estimating future costs for contingent liabilities, management believes that any future accruals with respect to these currently known contingencies would not have a material effect on the financial condition, liquidity or cash flows of the Company. There are no amounts required to be reflected in these consolidated financial statements related to contingencies.

Line of credit

Line of credit	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Line of credit	Note 16 — Line of credit In October 2017, the Company entered into a loan agreement for a revolving line of credit facility (“Line of Credit”) with a borrowing capacity of $0.5 million. The Line of Credit is secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets and was secured in order to provide credit support for a letter of credit facility and balances under the Company’s credit cards. Borrowings under the Line of Credit are subject to a variable interest rate, based on changes in the Prime Rate, as calculated published by the Wall Street Journal. There were no borrowings on the Line of Credit as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Subsequent events

Subsequent events	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent events	Note 17 — Subsequent events The vesting of the PSUs was certified by the Board of Directors for release on February 12, 2021. Approximately 0.7 million shares were issued upon vesting of the PSUs and 0.75 million shares were withheld to cover $10.7 million in tax obligations. On February 17, 2021, GDH, and Riverview Group LLC, an affiliate of Millennium Management LLC (“Holder”), a holder of 6,383,269 the Company’s outstanding publicly traded warrants (the “Public Warrants”) entered into a Warrant Exchange Agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”). The Public Warrants were previously issued pursuant to the Company’s public offering registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), pursuant to a prospectus dated October 4, 2018. Pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, the Holder agreed to exchange each of its Public Warrants for 0.3480 shares of the Company’s common stock, i.e., 2,221,378 shares (the “Shares”). This transaction is exempt from registration under Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, as no commission or other remuneration will be paid or given directly or indirectly for soliciting such transactions. Management of the Company evaluated its December 31, 2020 consolidated financial statements for subsequent events through March 5, 2021, the date the financial statements were available to be issued.

Accounting Policies, by Policy

Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of presentation	Basis of presentation The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Although ChaSerg was the legal acquirer, for accounting purposes, GDI was deemed to be the accounting acquirer. GDI was determined to be the accounting acquirer based on evaluation of the following facts and circumstances: ● GDI holds executive management roles for the Company and those individuals are responsible for the day-to-day operations; ● GDI’s former owners have the largest minority voting rights in the Company; ● From a revenue and business operation standpoint, GDI was the larger entity in terms of relative size; ● GDI’ San Ramon, CA headquarters are the headquarters of the Company; and ● The intended strategy of the Company will continue GDI’s strategy of driving enterprise-level digital transformation in the Fortune 1000 companies. In conjunction with the Business Combination, outstanding shares of GDI were converted into common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, shown as a recapitalization, and the net assets of ChaSerg were acquired at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. GDI was deemed to be the predecessor of the Company, and the consolidated assets and liabilities and results of operations prior to the Closing (for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 and the period from January 1, 2020 to March 5, 2020) are those of GDI. ChaSerg’s assets and liabilities, which include net cash from the trust of $85.1 million, and results of operations were consolidated with GDI beginning on the Closing. In accordance with guidance applicable to these circumstances, the equity structure has been restated in all comparative periods up to the Closing Date, to reflect the number of shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, issued to GDI shareholders in connection with the recapitalization transaction. As such, the shares and corresponding capital amounts and earnings per share related to GDI preferred and common stock prior to the Business Combination have been retroactively restated as shares reflecting the exchange ratio established in the Business Combination.
Principles of consolidation	Principles of consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its subsidiaries that are directly or indirectly owned or controlled. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Use of estimates	Use of estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates and such differences could be material. Significant estimates include useful lives and recoverability of property and equipment, determination of fair value, useful lives and recoverability of intangible assets and goodwill, allowances for receivables, calculation of accrued liabilities, capitalization of internally developed software, stock-based compensation, contingent consideration payable, determination of provision for income taxes and uncertain tax positions.
Certain significant risks and uncertainties	Certain significant risks and uncertainties The Company is subject to risks, including but not limited to customer concentration, concentrations of credit and foreign currency risks. Additionally, the Company has been impacted by the recent coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic. The global pandemic of COVID-19 has negatively affected the U.S. and global economy, disrupted global supply chains, resulted in significant travel and transport restrictions, including mandated closures and orders to “shelter-in-place,” and created significant disruption of the financial market. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the Company’s revenues and the Company’s business continues to be exposed to risks and uncertainties related to the pandemic. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been more pronounced with the Company’s retail customers, which depend on keeping their stores open. Additionally, in situations where the Company’s customers encounter financial difficulties, there is a risk associated with the Company’s inability to collect money from customers. The Company has taken several actions to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic. These include enabling its employees to work from home, company-wide salary and compensation cuts, hiring freezes, and suspending all non-essential travel. The ultimate impact and the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to affect the business, results of operation and financial condition is difficult to predict and depends on numerous evolving factors outside of the Company’s control including: the duration and scope of the pandemic; government, social, business and other actions that have been and will be taken in response to the pandemic; and the effect of the pandemic on short and long-term general economic conditions.
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents The Company considers cash equivalents to be highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. At times, cash deposits with banks may exceed federally insured limits.
Accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts	Accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts, reflect the net realizable value of receivables and approximate fair value. The Company maintains an allowance against accounts receivable for the estimated probable losses on uncollectible accounts. The allowance is based upon historical loss experience, current economic conditions within the industries the Company serves as well as determination of the specific risk related to certain customers. Accounts receivable are charged off against the reserve when, in management’s estimation, further collection efforts would not result in a reasonable likelihood of receipt. The allowance for doubtful accounts balance increased $0.4 million as of December 31, 2020 compared to December 31, 2019. As of December 31, December 31, (in thousands) Trade accounts receivable $ 17,308 $ 13,913 Allowance for doubtful accounts (418 ) (20 ) Total trade accounts receivable, net $ 16,890 $ 13,893
Unbilled receivables	Unbilled receivables Generally, the Company will not bill customers until the services have been completed. From time-to-time, a service period may overlap with a period-end and the unbilled receivables represent amounts for services performed through period-end, but not yet billed. The unbilled receivable represents the amount expected to be billed and collected for services performed through period-end in accordance with contract terms. The unbilled receivables balances were $1.8 million and $5.0 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Property and equipment	Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally 2 to 7 years. Leasehold improvements and property under capital leases are amortized over the shorter of estimated useful lives of the assets or the lease term. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.
Software development costs	Software development costs The Company capitalizes costs incurred during the application development and implementation stages for computer software developed or obtained for internal use that are specifically identifiable, have determinable lives and relate to probable future economic benefits. Capitalized computer software costs are included in property and equipment, net in the consolidated balance sheets. Average useful life of such costs is two years. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company capitalized $1.1 million and $1.0 million of internally developed software costs, respectively. The unamortized amount of internally developed software costs was $1.3 million as of December 31, 2020 and $1.1 million as of December 31, 2019. Amortization of internally developed software is recorded within research and development and marketing expenses as the software is developed for purposes of supporting internal R&D, engineering, and marketing activities. Costs associated with minor enhancements and maintenance or costs incurred during the preliminary project stage, and costs for training, data conversion, and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Management evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. Internally developed software did not have any impairment for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Business Combinations	Business Combinations The Company accounts for business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations, recording any assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values. Any excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair value of the assets acquired less liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The Company uses management estimates and industry data to assist in establishing the acquisition date fair values of assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and contingent consideration granted, if any. These estimates and valuations require the Company to make significant assumptions, including projections of future events and operating performance.
Goodwill	Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net assets of businesses acquired. On an annual basis, the Company makes a qualitative assessment to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the Company determines that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, it will perform a quantitative analysis; otherwise, no further evaluation is necessary. For the quantitative impairment assessment, the Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that unit, goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is performed. If the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, then the Company will recognize a loss equal to the excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Impairments, if any, are charged directly to earnings.
Intangible assets	Intangible assets Finite-lived intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed on the straight-line basis over the asset’s useful lives ranging between 2 and 10 years. The Company recorded $0.1 million of amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2020, $0.1 million of amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2019, and $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Fair value	Fair value Financial instruments are required to be categorized within a valuation hierarchy based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value are measured and classified in accordance with a three-tier fair value hierarchy based on the observability of the inputs available in the market used to measure fair value: ● Level 1 ● Level 2 ● Level 3
Concentrations of credit risk and significant customers	Concentrations of credit risk and significant customers Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash is held with high-quality financial institutions. Deposits held with banks may, at times, exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. The Company also has cash deposited with commercial banks outside the United States, including countries such as Russia and Ukraine, in which banking and other financial systems are less developed and regulated. Bank deposits made by corporate entities in less developed markets such as these are not insured. As of December 31, 2020, $0.7 million of total cash was held in Russia and $0.2 million was held in Ukraine. As of December 31, 2019, $1.0 million of total cash was held in Russia and $0.1 million was held in Ukraine. In these regions, and particularly in Russia, a banking crisis, bankruptcy or insolvency of banks that process or hold the Company’s funds, may result in the loss of the Company’s deposits or adversely affect the Company’s ability to complete banking transactions, which could adversely affect the Company’s business and financial condition. The Company records its accounts receivable and unbilled receivables at their face amounts less allowances. Accounts receivable and unbilled receivables are generally dispersed across the Company’s customers in proportion to their revenue. Three customers individually exceeded 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Three customers individually exceeded 10% of the unbilled receivables at December 31, 2020 and two customers individually exceeded 10% of the unbilled receivables balance at December 31, 2019. The Company has not experienced any losses on its cash and cash equivalents and minimal losses on its accounts receivable. The Company performs ongoing evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. Two, three and three customers accounted for greater than 10% of revenue for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Foreign currency risks	Foreign currency risks The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar with an exception of Daxx, recently acquired by the Company, whose functional currency is the Euro. The Company generates most of its revenues in U.S. dollars. The international subsidiaries convert the U.S. dollars to their respective local currencies to fund operations such as labor and materials required for the entity to operate. The Company’s international subsidiaries’ accounting records are denominated in their respective local currencies. The Company is exposed to foreign currency exchange rate changes that could impact remeasurement of foreign denominated monetary assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars with the remeasurement impact recorded to income. The Company is also exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates related to cash outflows for expenditures in foreign currencies. The net income/(loss) on foreign currency transactions was $0.3 million, $(0.3) million, and $(0.2) million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. The Company has not entered into any foreign exchange forward contracts, derivatives, or similar financial instruments to hedge against the risk of foreign exchange rate fluctuations.
Revenue recognition	Revenue recognition The Company accounts for a contract with a customer when 1) the parties to the contract have approved the contract and are committed to performing their respective obligations, 2) the contract identifies each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred, 3) the contract identifies the payment terms for the goods or services to be transferred, 4) the contract has commercial substance, and 5) collection of substantially all consideration pursuant to the contract is probable. The Company derives its revenue from offering a suite of digital engineering and information technology (“IT”) consulting services, including digital transformation strategy, emerging technology, lean labs and legacy system replatforming. For most contracts, the Company uses master agreements to govern the overall relevant terms and conditions of the business arrangement between the Company and its customers. When the Company and a customer enter into a Master Services Agreement (“MSA”), purchases are generally made by the customer via a statement of work (“SOW”) which explicitly references the MSA and specifies the services to be delivered. Fees for these contracts may be in the form of time-and-materials or fixed-fee arrangements. The majority of the Company’s revenues are generated under time-and-material contracts which are billed using hourly rates to determine the amounts to be charged directly to the customer. Fees are billed and collected as stipulated in the contract, and revenue is recognized as services are performed. If there is an uncertainty about the receipt of payment for the services, revenue is recognized to the extent that a significant reversal of revenue would not be probable. Consulting services revenue is a single performance obligation earned through a series of distinct daily services and may include services such as those described above. The Company recognizes revenue for services over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits as the Company performs IT consulting services. For revenue contracts, the customer derives value from the Company providing daily consulting services, and the value derived corresponds to the labor hours expended. Therefore, the Company measures the progress and recognizes revenue using an effort-based input method. For fixed fee contracts, the Company recognizes revenue as the work is performed, the monthly calculation of which is based upon actual labor hours incurred and level of effort expended throughout the duration of the contract. For time-and-material contracts, the Company applies the variable consideration allocation exception. Therefore, instead of allocating the variable consideration to the entire performance obligation, the Company determined the variable consideration should be allocated to each distinct service to which the variable consideration relates, which is providing the customer daily consulting services. The Company also offers volume discounts or early settlement discounts. Volume discounts apply once the customer reaches certain contractual spend thresholds. Early settlement discounts are issued contingent upon the timing of the payment from the customer. If the consideration promised in a contract includes a variable amount, the Company only includes estimated amounts of consideration in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. These estimates may require management to make subjective judgments and to make estimates about the effects of matters inherently uncertain. The determination of whether to constrain consideration in the transaction price are based on information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company, taking into consideration the type of customer, the type of transaction and the specific facts and circumstances of each arrangement. Although the Company believes that its approach in developing estimates and its reliance on certain judgments and underlying inputs is reasonable, actual results may differ from management’s estimates, judgments and assumptions. These estimates have historically not been material to the consolidated financial statements. Disaggregation of Total Revenues: The following table shows the disaggregation of the Company’s revenues by contract type for the year ended December 31, 2020: Contract Type, in thousands Time-and-material $ 104,583 Fixed-fee 5,705 Other 995 Total Revenues $ 111,283
Remaining performance obligation	Remaining performance obligation ASC 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of December 31, 2020. This disclosure is not required for: 1) contracts with an original duration of one year or less, including contracts that can be terminated for convenience without a substantive penalty, 2) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenues based on the right to invoice for services performed, 3) variable consideration allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation in accordance with ASC 606-10-25-14(b), for which the criteria in ASC 606-10-32-40 have been met, or 4) variable consideration in the form of a sales-based or usage-based royalty promised in exchange for a license of intellectual property. All of the Company’s contracts met one or more of these exemptions as of December 31, 2020.
Cost of revenue	Cost of revenue Cost of revenue primarily consists of compensation for professional staff generating revenues for the Company. Compensation includes salary, benefits, performance bonuses, retention bonuses, stock compensation expense, and travel expenses. The Company allocates a portion of depreciation and amortization to cost of revenue.
Engineering, research and development	Engineering, research and development Engineering, research, and development expenses primarily include compensation for professional staff performing research and development related activities that are not directly attributable to generating revenues for the Company. Research and development activities relate to building and scaling the next generation ecommerce platform solutions for customers. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Engineering, research, and development expenses also include depreciation and amortization costs, stock-based compensation expenses and retention bonuses.
Selling and marketing	Selling and marketing Selling and marketing expenses are those expenses associated with promoting and selling the Company’s services and include such items as sales and marketing personnel salaries, benefits, stock compensation expenses, travel, advertising, depreciation and amortization, retention bonuses, and other promotional activities.
General and administrative	General and administrative General and administrative expenses include other operating items such as officers’ and administrative personnel salaries, benefits, stock compensation expenses, legal and audit expenses, public company related expenses, insurance, facility costs, retention bonuses, depreciation and amortization, including amortization of purchased intangibles, and operating lease expenses.
Stock-based compensation expense	Stock-based compensation expense Stock-based compensation expense is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the share-based awards. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred. The Company estimates stock options grant-date fair value using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. The model requires management to make a number of key assumptions including expected volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rate, and expected dividends. The Company evaluates the assumptions used to value its share-based awards on each grant date. The fair market value of Grid Dynamics stock is determined based on the closing price on NASDAQ on the measurement date. The Company amortizes the grant-date fair value of all share-based compensation awards over the employee’s requisite service period for the entire award on a straight-line basis, which is generally the vesting period. For an award with graded vesting that is subject only to a service condition (e.g., time-based vesting), the Company uses the straight-line attribution method under ASC 718 under which they recognize compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the total requisite service period for the entire award (i.e., over the requisite service period of the last separately-vesting tranche of the award). Additionally, the Company applies the “floor” concept so that the amount of compensation cost that is recognized as of any date is at least equal to the grant-date fair value of the vested portion of the award on that date. That is, if the straight-line expense recognized to date is less than the grant date fair value of the award that is legally vested at that date, the company will increase its recognized expense to at least equal the fair value of the vested amount. Refer to Note 9 — Stock-based compensation for additional information.
Income taxes	Income taxes The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of the assets and liabilities. The determination of the provision for income taxes requires significant judgment, the use of estimates and the interpretation and application of complex tax laws. The provision for income taxes reflects a combination of income earned and taxed in the various U.S. federal and state, international and other jurisdictions. Jurisdictional tax law changes, increases or decreases in permanent differences between book and tax items, accruals or adjustments of accruals for tax contingencies or valuation allowances, and the change in the mix of earnings from these taxing jurisdictions all affect the overall effective tax rate. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Management considers all available evidence, both positive and negative, in determining whether a valuation allowance is required. Such evidence includes prior earnings history, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, carryback and carryforward periods of tax attributes, and tax planning strategies that could potentially enhance the likelihood of realization of a deferred tax asset in making this assessment. The weight given to the positive and negative evidence is commensurate with the extent to which the evidence may be objectively verified. The Company evaluates for uncertain tax positions at each balance sheet date. When it is more likely than not that a position will be sustained upon examination by a tax authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information, the Company measures the amount of tax benefit from the position and records the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized after settlement with a tax authority. The Company’s policy for interest and/or penalties related to underpayments of income taxes is to include interest and penalties in income tax expense.
Restructuring	Restructuring The Company initiated a restructuring plan focused on optimizing utilization. For twelve months ended December 31, 2020, the Company incurred and paid total restructuring expenses of $0.9 million, which mostly included employee termination costs. This amount is included as a component of general and administrative expenses in the consolidated financial statements.
Earnings per share	Earnings per share The Company accounts for earnings per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common and potential dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. Under U.S. GAAP, companies are required to include certain option grants granted to employees and convertible preferred stock in the diluted earnings per share calculation, except in cases where the effect of the inclusion of options and convertible preferred stock would be antidilutive.
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements	Recently adopted accounting pronouncements Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”), in the form of Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”), to the FASB’s ASC. The Company has elected not to opt out of the extended transition period and thus when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. The Company transitioned to ASC Topic 606, Revenue From Contracts with Customers The Company elected to early adopt ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles, Goodwill, and Other - Internal Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s accounting for implementation costs incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a service contract In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-17, “ Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities
Recently issued accounting pronouncements	Recently issued accounting pronouncements The Company considered the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on the consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) — Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326) Leases (Topic 842). In December 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes In March 2020, FASB issued ASU No. 2020-03, Codification to Financial Instruments.

Basis of presentation and sum_2

Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Schedule of accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts	As of December 31, December 31, (in thousands) Trade accounts receivable $ 17,308 $ 13,913 Allowance for doubtful accounts (418 ) (20 ) Total trade accounts receivable, net $ 16,890 $ 13,893
Schedule of disaggregation revenue	Contract Type, in thousands Time-and-material $ 104,583 Fixed-fee 5,705 Other 995 Total Revenues $ 111,283

Business combination (Tables)

Business combination (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Schedule of consideration for business combination	(in thousands, except for share and per share amounts) Shares transferred at Closing 27,006,251 Less: Post-Closing share adjustment (857,143 ) Total shares transferred at Closing 26,149,108 Value per share 10.19 Total share consideration $ 266,459 Plus: Cash transferred to GDI stockholders 130,000 Closing merger consideration $ 396,459

Acquisition of Daxx Web Indus_2

Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combination Acquisition Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities	(In thousands) Cash & equivalents $ 2,266 Accounts receivable 1,978 Prepaid expenses and other 283 Fixed assets 352 Goodwill 14,690 Intangible assets 8,174 Accounts payable (37 ) Accrued expenses (2,397 ) Tax liabilities (2,639 ) Other current liability and unearned revenues (2,284 ) Net assets acquired $ 20,386
Schedule of fair value of identifiable intangible assets	(In thousands) Fair Value Useful Life Amortization method Customer relationships $ 4,234 8 years Straight-line Daxx trade name 3,500 10 years Straight-line Non-compete agreements 440 2 years Straight-line Total identified intangible assets $ 8,174
Schedule of business acquisition pro forma infomation	(In thousands, unaudited) 2020 2019 Revenue $ 133,622 $ 138,002 Net income/(loss) $ (10,925 ) $ 12,091 Earnings/(loss) per share $ (0.24 ) $ 0.55

Property and Equipment, net (Ta

Property and Equipment, net (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Schedule of property and equipment	Estimated As of December 31, Useful 2020 2019 (dollars in thousands) Computers and equipment 3 $ 6,447 $ 5,470 Machinery and automobiles 5 551 129 Furniture and fixtures 7 643 544 Software 5 554 407 Leasehold improvements 7 236 119 8,430 6,669 Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (5,622 ) (3,784 ) 2,809 2,885 Capitalized software development costs 2 3,531 2,478 Less: Accumulated amortization (2,245 ) (1,339 ) 1,287 1,139 Property and equipment, net $ 4,095 $ 4,024

Intangible assets, net (Tables)

Intangible assets, net (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Intangible assets	Estimated As of Life December 31, December 31, (dollars in thousands) Customer relationships 8 $ 4,234 $ - Tradename 10 3,500 - Non-compete agreements 2 440 - Technology 5 - 478 8,174 478 Less: Accumulated amortization (49 ) (460 ) Intangible assets, net $ 8,125 18

Other current liabilities (Tabl

Other current liabilities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Other Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Schedule of other current liabilities	As of December 31, 2020 2019 (In thousands) Customer deposits $ 731 $ - Other liabilities 528 138 Contingent consideration payable 1,947 - Total other current liabilities $ 3,206 $ 138

Income taxes (Tables)

Income taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of income before provision for income taxes	For the years ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) United States $ (18,084 ) $ 13,486 $ 9,460 International 2,872 1,963 3,623 $ (15,212 ) $ 15,449 $ 13,083
Schedule of federal and state income tax provision/ (benefit)	For the years ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) Current Federal $ 167 $ 3,799 $ 2,841 State 97 599 623 International 1,199 669 936 Total current tax expense 1,462 5,067 4,400 Deferred Federal (3,042 ) (375 ) (484 ) State (811 ) (50 ) (61 ) International (222 ) — — Total deferred tax expense/(benefit) (4,076 ) (425 ) (545 ) Total tax expense/(benefit) $ (2,613 ) $ 4,642 $ 3,855 )
Schedule of deferred tax assets and liability	As of December 31, 2020 2019 (in thousands) Deferred tax assets Accrued compensation $ 545 $ 401 Allowance for bad debt 105 5 State tax accrual 13 165 Stock-based compensation 2,595 906 Net operating loss 2,364 111 Credits 71 - Total deferred tax assets 5,693 1,588 Deferred tax liabilities Fixed asset basis (84 ) (114 ) Intangible assets (2,093 ) - Total deferred tax liabilities (2,177 ) (114 ) Net deferred taxes $ 3,516 $ 1,474
Schedule of net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards	Amount Expiration years (in thousands) Net operating losses, federal (Post December 31, 2017) $ 8,855 Do not expire Net operating losses, federal (Pre January 1, 2018) 404 2032 – 2040 Net operating losses, state $ 7,140 2032 – 2040 Tax credits, federal 115 2040
Schedule of provision/(benefit) for income tax	For the years ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Statutory rate (21.00 )% 21.00 % 21.00 % State tax (3.86 )% 2.53 % 3.31 % Permanent items 2.81 % 3.17 % 4.68 % Stock-based compensation deductions (2.43 )% 1.19 % — % R&D credits (0.1 )% (0.70 )% (0.86 )% Foreign rate differential 2.62 % 2.86 % 1.33 % GILTI 4.78 % - - Total (17.18 )% 30.05 % 29.46 %
Schedule of unrecognized tax benefits	(in thousands) Balance at January 1, 2020 $ 357 Increases related to prior year tax positions 1 Increases related to current year tax positions 296 Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 654

Stock-based compensation (Table

Stock-based compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Schedule of conversion of the vested and unvested options	Options Balance at December 31, 2019 2,734,327 Cashed out (828,590 ) Forfeited (18,940 ) Balance at March 31, 2020 (prior to exchange ratio conversion) 1,886,797 Converted vested balance 4,313,917 Converted unvested balance 364,094 Balance at March 6, 2020 (post to exchange ratio conversion) 4,678,011 Exercised in 2020 (28,057 ) Forfeited/Cancelled in 2020 (50,164 ) Options Outstanding as of December, 31, 2020 4,599,790
Schedule of board of directors approved an equity incentive plan	Available Available, March 5, 2020 16,300,000 Options granted (2,087,000 ) RSU granted (3,053,969 ) PSU granted (253% target achieved) (1,452,699 ) Options forfeited 144,600 RSU forfeited 30,000 Available for grant, December 31, 2020 9,880,932
Schedule of estimated grant using the black-scholes	2020 Dividend yield 0% Expected volatility 40% Risk-free interest rate 0.31-0.80% Expected term in years 6.11 Grant date fair value of common stock. $6.86 - 11.89
Schedule of dividend yield assumption for all Black-Scholes stock option-pricing	Shares Price (1) Term (2) Options granted 2,087,000 $ 8.37 Options forfeited (144,600 ) 8.13 Options outstanding as of December 31, 2020 1,942,400 $ 8.38 9.22
Schedule of employee stock-based compensation recognized	Twelve months ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) Cost of revenue $ 840 $ 148 $ 84 Engineering, research, and development 2,419 175 103 Sales and marketing 3,532 53 40 General and administrative 13,215 2,065 1,529 Total stock-based compensation $ 20,006 $ 2,441 $ 1,756

Earnings per share (Tables)

Earnings per share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of computation of basic and diluted earnings per share	For the years ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands, except per share data) Numerator for basic earnings per share Net income/(loss) $ (12,599 ) $ 10,807 $ 9,228 Less: Income attributable to preferred shareholders — (377 ) — Net income/(loss) available to common shareholders (12,599 ) 10,430 9,228 Denominator for basic earnings per share Weighted-average shares outstanding – basic 44,737 21,118 20,217 Basic earnings/(loss) per share $ (0.28 ) $ 0.49 $ 0.46 Numerator for diluted earnings per share Net income available to common shareholders $ (12,599 ) $ 10,430 $ 9,228 Denominator for diluted earnings per share Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding 44,737 21,118 20,217 Add: Dilutive impact of options in the money — 4 — Weighted-average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share 44,737 21,122 20,217 Diluted earnings/(loss) per share $ (0.28 ) $ 0.49 $ 0.46
Schedule of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders	For the twelve months ended Potential common shares 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) Convertible preferred stock 1,048 1,048 - Stock options to purchase common stock 8,866 - 5,579 Restricted stock units 3,054 - - Performance stock units 1,453 - - Warrants to purchase common stock 11,347 - - Total 25,768 1,048 5,579

Segment and geographic inform_2

Segment and geographic information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization	As of December 31, Long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization 2020 2019 ( in thousands) United States $ 712 $ 885 Russia 1,023 1,386 Ukraine* 1,340 773 Poland 528 577 Serbia 492 403 Total $ 4,095 $ 4,024

Commitments and contingencies (

Commitments and contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and contingencies (Tables) [Line Items]
Schedule of total future minimum payments under the non-cancelable SSA	Years ending December 31, (in thousands) 2021 $ 2,878 2022 992 2023 85 2024 2 Total $ 3,957
Software Subscription Services Agreement [Member]
Commitments and contingencies (Tables) [Line Items]
Schedule of total future minimum payments under the non-cancelable SSA	Years ending December 31, (in thousands) 2021 $ 505 2022 369 2023 324 2024 81 Total $ 1,279

Background and nature of oper_2

Background and nature of operations (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Business combination description	On March 5, 2020 (the “Closing”), the Company consummated its business combination with Grid Dynamics International, Inc. (“GDI”) pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), dated November 13, 2019 (the “Business Combination”). In connection with the Closing, the Company changed its name from ChaSerg Technology Acquisition Corp. to Grid Dynamics Holdings, Inc. The Company’s common stock is now listed on the NASDAQ under the symbol “GDYN” and warrants to purchase the common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share are listed on the NASDAQ under the symbol “GDYNW.”

Basis of presentation and sum_3

Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)$ / shares	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)$ / shares	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) [Line Items]
Common stock,par value (in Dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Cash proceeds from trust account	$ 85,100
Increase allowance for doubtful accounts	400
Unbilled receivables	$ 1,799	$ 5,036
Average useful life	2 years
Software development costs	$ 1,100	1,000
Unamortized software cost	1,300	1,100
Amortization expense	100	$ 100	$ 200
Concentration risk percentage		10.00%
Net income/(loss) on foreign currency transactions	$ 300
Income tax percentage	50.00%
Payments for restructuring	$ 900
Accounts Receivable [Member]
Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) [Line Items]
Number of customers	3	3
Concentration risk percentage	10.00%
Unbilled Receivables [Member]
Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) [Line Items]
Number of customers	3	2
Concentration risk percentage	10.00%
Sales [Member]
Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) [Line Items]
Number of customers	2	3	3
Concentration risk percentage	10.00%
Minimum [Member]
Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) [Line Items]
Property and equipment useful life	2 years
Intangible assets useful life	2 years
Maximum [Member]
Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) [Line Items]
Property and equipment useful life	7 years
Intangible assets useful life	10 years
Russia [Member]
Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) [Line Items]
Cash in held	$ 700	$ 1,000
Ukraine[Member]
Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) [Line Items]
Cash in held	$ 200	$ 100

Basis of presentation and sum_4

Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) - Schedule of accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Schedule of accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts [Abstract]
Trade accounts receivable	$ 17,308	$ 13,913
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(418)	(20)
Total trade accounts receivable, net	$ 16,890	$ 13,893

Basis of presentation and sum_5

Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies (Details) - Schedule of disaggregation revenue - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Schedule of disaggregation revenue [Abstract]
Time-and-material	$ 104,583
Fixed-fee	5,705
Other	995
Total Revenues	$ 111,283	$ 118,326	$ 91,865

Business combination (Details)

Business combination (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	Mar. 05, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)$ / sharesshares	Sep. 30, 2006
Business combination (Details) [Line Items]
Business combination, description	ChaSerg consummated its business combination with GDI pursuant to the Merger Agreement. Immediately following the Business Combination, there were 50,833,619 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.0001, and 11,346,500 warrants outstanding.	The aggregate consideration for the Business Combination was $396.5 million, consisting of $130.0 million in cash and 27,006,251 shares of ChaSerg’s common stock valued at $10.19 per share, less a post-Closing share adjustment amount of 857,143 shares which were placed in escrow post-Closing. The shares transferred at Closing included 4,313,917 options to purchase the Company’s shares that were vested, outstanding and unexercised, which were determined using 1,739,932 vested options at Closing converted at an exchange ratio of approximately 2.48. Additionally, 364,094 options to purchase the Company’s common stock that were unvested, outstanding and unexercised were assumed by the Company, which were determined using 146,865 unvested options at Closing converted at an exchange ratio of approximately 2.48.
Number of companies			1,000
Sale of stock, description		Reported shares and earnings per share available to holders of the Company’s common stock, prior to the Business Combination, have been retroactively restated as shares reflecting the exchange ratio established in the Business Combination (approximately 1.685 GDH shares to 1.0 GDI share).
Shares redeemed | shares		51,715
Price per share | $ / shares		$ 10.21
Legal and professional fees		$ 4.7
Business combination cost description		In connection with the Business Combination, all outstanding retention bonus obligations from a 2017 acquisition totaling $3,363,000 were accelerated and paid in full to Grid Dynamics’ personnel immediately prior to the Closing and were recorded in cost of revenue and operating expenses in the consolidated financial statements.
Reduction of Proceeds [Member]
Business combination (Details) [Line Items]
Legal and professional fees		$ 4.1
General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Business combination (Details) [Line Items]
Legal and professional fees		$ 0.6

Business combination (Details)

Business combination (Details) - Schedule of consideration for business combination $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)$ / sharesshares
Schedule of consideration for business combination [Abstract]
Shares transferred at Closing | shares	27,006,251
Less: Post-Closing share adjustment | shares	(857,143)
Total shares transferred at Closing | shares	26,149,108
Value per share | $ / shares	$ 10.19
Total share consideration | $	$ 266,459
Plus: Cash transferred to GDI stockholders | $	130,000
Closing merger consideration | $	$ 396,459

Acquisition of Daxx Web Indus_3

Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 14, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) [Line Items]
Acquisition business combination purchase, description		The total purchase consideration is up to $23.3 million and included cash consideration of approximately $18.4 million and contingent cash consideration of up to approximately $4.9 million. The fair value of the contingent consideration at the date of the acquisition was determined to be approximately $1.9 million.
Goodwill		$ 14,690
Revenues		111,283	118,326	$ 91,865
Consultant fees		500	$ 400
Daxx Web Industries BV [Member]
Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) [Line Items]
Goodwill		$ 14,700
Daxx Web Industries BV [Member]
Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 1,000

Acquisition of Daxx Web Indus_4

Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) - Schedule of estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Schedule of estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities [Abstract]
Cash & equivalents	$ 2,266
Accounts receivable	1,978
Prepaid expenses and other	283
Fixed assets	352
Goodwill	14,690
Intangible assets	8,174
Accounts payable	(37)
Accrued expenses	(2,397)
Tax liabilities	(2,639)
Other current liability and unearned revenues	(2,284)
Net assets acquired	$ 20,386

Acquisition of Daxx Web Indus_5

Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) - Schedule of fair value of identifiable intangible assets $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) - Schedule of fair value of identifiable intangible assets [Line Items]
Bunsiness acquisition fair value	$ 8,174
Customer Relationships [Member]
Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) - Schedule of fair value of identifiable intangible assets [Line Items]
Business acquisition useful life	8 years
Bunsiness acquisition amortization method	Straight-line
Bunsiness acquisition fair value	$ 4,234
Daxx Trade Name [Member]
Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) - Schedule of fair value of identifiable intangible assets [Line Items]
Business acquisition useful life	10 years
Bunsiness acquisition amortization method	Straight-line
Bunsiness acquisition fair value	$ 3,500
Non-compete agreements [Member]
Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) - Schedule of fair value of identifiable intangible assets [Line Items]
Business acquisition useful life	2 years
Bunsiness acquisition amortization method	Straight-line
Bunsiness acquisition fair value	$ 440

Acquisition of Daxx Web Indus_6

Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) - Schedule of business acquisition pro forma infomation - Pro Forma [Member] - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Acquisition of Daxx Web Industries B.V. (Details) - Schedule of business acquisition pro forma infomation [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 133,622	$ 138,002
Net income/(loss)	$ (10,925)	$ 12,091
Earnings/(loss) per share (in Dollars per share)	$ (0.24)	$ 0.55

Property and Equipment, net (De

Property and Equipment, net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Depreciation and amortization expense	$ 2.6	$ 2.2	$ 1.1

Property and Equipment, net (_2

Property and Equipment, net (Details) - Schedule of property and equipment - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Tangible property and equipment, gross	$ 8,430	$ 6,669
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(5,622)	(3,784)
Tangible property and equipment, net	2,809	2,885
Less: Accumulated amortization	(2,245)	(1,339)
Intangible property and equipment, net	1,287	1,139
Property and equipment, net	$ 4,095	4,024
Capitalized software development costs [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (In Years)	2 years
Capitalized software development costs	$ 3,531	2,478
Computers and equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (In Years)	3 years
Tangible property and equipment, gross	$ 6,447	5,470
Machinery and automobiles [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (In Years)	5 years
Tangible property and equipment, gross	$ 551	129
Furniture and fixtures [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (In Years)	7 years
Tangible property and equipment, gross	$ 643	544
Software [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (In Years)	5 years
Tangible property and equipment, gross	$ 554	407
Leasehold improvements [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (In Years)	7 years
Tangible property and equipment, gross	$ 236	$ 119

Intangible assets, net (Details

Intangible assets, net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Intangible assets amortization expense	$ 0.1	$ 0.1	$ 0.2

Intangible assets, net (Detai_2

Intangible assets, net (Details) - Schedule of Intangible assets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Total Intangible assets	$ 8,174	$ 478
Less: Accumulated amortization	(49)	(460)
Intangible assets, net	$ 8,125	18
Customer Relationships [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	8 years
Total Intangible assets	$ 4,234
Tradename [Member}
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	10 years
Total Intangible assets	$ 3,500
Non-compete agreements [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	2 years
Total Intangible assets	$ 440
Technology [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	5 years
Total Intangible assets		$ 478

Other current liabilities (Deta

Other current liabilities (Details) - Schedule of other current liabilities - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Schedule of other current liabilities [Abstract]
Customer deposits	$ 731
Other liabilities	528	138
Contingent consideration payable	1,947
Total other current liabilities	$ 3,206	$ 138

Income taxes (Details)

Income taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 27, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Unrecognized tax benefits		$ 0.7
CARES Act description	The CARES Act contains several corporate income tax provisions, including making remaining alternative minimum tax credits immediately refundable; providing a 5-year carryback of net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) generated in tax years 2018, 2019, and 2020, and removing the 80% taxable income limitation on utilization of those NOLs if carried back to prior tax years or utilized in tax years beginning before 2021; and temporarily liberalizing the interest deductibility rules under Section 163(j) of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, by raising the adjusted taxable income limitation from 30% to 50% for tax years 2019 and 2020 and giving taxpayers the election of using 2019 adjusted taxable income for purposes of computing 2020 interest deductibility.
Net operating loss deductions		1
Tax liability		5
Taxable income		$ 1

Income taxes (Details) - Schedu

Income taxes (Details) - Schedule of income before provision for income taxes - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income taxes (Details) - Schedule of income before provision for income taxes [Line Items]
Total	$ (15,212)	$ 15,449	$ 13,083
United States [Member]
Income taxes (Details) - Schedule of income before provision for income taxes [Line Items]
Total	(18,084)	13,486	9,460
International [Member]
Income taxes (Details) - Schedule of income before provision for income taxes [Line Items]
Total	$ 2,872	$ 1,963	$ 3,623

Income taxes (Details) - Sche_2

Income taxes (Details) - Schedule of federal and state income tax provision/ (benefit) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Current
Federal	$ 167	$ 3,799	$ 2,841
State	97	599	623
International	1,199	669	936
Total current tax expense	1,462	5,067	4,400
Deferred
Federal	(3,042)	(375)	(484)
State	(811)	(50)	(61)
International	(222)
Total deferred tax expense/(benefit)	(4,076)	(425)	(545)
Total tax expense/(benefit)	$ (2,613)	$ 4,642	$ 3,855

Income taxes (Details) - Sche_3

Income taxes (Details) - Schedule of deferred tax assets and liability - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Schedule of deferred tax assets and liability [Abstract]
Accrued compensation	$ 545	$ 401
Allowance for bad debt	105	5
State tax accrual	13	165
Stock-based compensation	2,595	906
Net operating loss	2,364	111
Credits	71
Total deferred tax assets	5,693	1,588
Fixed asset basis	(84)	(114)
Intangible assets	(2,093)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(2,177)	(114)
Net deferred taxes	$ 3,516	$ 1,474

Income taxes (Details) - Sche_4

Income taxes (Details) - Schedule of net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Schedule of net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating losses, federal (Post December 31, 2017), Amount	$ 8,855
Net operating losses, federal (Post December 31, 2017), Expiration years	Do not expire
Net operating losses, federal (Pre January 1, 2018), Amount	$ 404
Net operating losses, federal (Pre January 1, 2018), Expiration years	2032 – 2040
Net operating losses, state, Amount	$ 7,140
Net operating losses, state, Expiration years	2032 – 2040
Tax credits, federal, Amount	$ 115
Tax credits, federal, Expiration years	2040

Income taxes (Details) - Sche_5

Income taxes (Details) - Schedule of provision/(benefit) for income tax	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Schedule of provision/(benefit) for income tax [Abstract]
Statutory rate	(21.00%)	21.00%	21.00%
State tax	(3.86%)	2.53%	3.31%
Permanent items	2.81%	3.17%	4.68%
Stock-based compensation deductions	(2.43%)	1.19%
R&D credits	(0.10%)	(0.70%)	(0.86%)
Foreign rate differential	2.62%	2.86%	1.33%
GILTI	4.78%
Total	(17.18%)	30.05%	29.46%

Income taxes (Details) - Sche_6

Income taxes (Details) - Schedule of unrecognized tax benefits $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Schedule of unrecognized tax benefits [Abstract]
Balance at January 1, 2020	$ 357
Increases related to prior year tax positions	1
Increases related to current year tax positions	296
Balance at December 31, 2020	$ 654

Stockholders' equity (Details)

Stockholders' equity (Details) - $ / shares	Mar. 02, 2021	Jan. 20, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Stockholders' equity (Details) [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized			110,000,000	110,000,000
Common stock, shares outstanding			50,878,780	21,644,392
Earnout shares, description			1)399,999; 400,000; and 400,001 Earnout Shares vest if the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the principal exchange on which the securities are listed or quoted have been at or about $12.00; $13.50; and $15.00 per share, respectively, for 20 trading days (which need not be consecutive) over a thirty trading day period at any time;
Voting rights, percentage			50.10%
Voting rights description			4)The Company and/or its subsidiaries sell, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of (including by bulk reinsurance outside of the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice), in one or a series of related transactions, all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to an Acquiror, fewer than 50.1% (whether by voting or economic rights) of the outstanding equity securities or other capital interests of which, immediately following such sale, assignment or transfer, are owned in the aggregate by the pre-transaction Company stockholders; or
Percentage of shares outstanding			50.00%
Warrants outstanding			11,346,500
Shares issued			50,878,780	21,644,392
Issuance of private placement shares			640,000
Shares issued on conversion of a working capital			53,000
Price per share (in Dollars per share)			$ 11.50
Description of debt maturity date			Each warrant is currently exercisable and will expire March 5, 2025 (five years after the completion of the Business Combination), or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
Warrant price per share (in Dollars per share)			$ 0.01
Subsequent Event [Member]
Stockholders' equity (Details) [Line Items]
Earnout shares vested	400,000	399,999
GDI [Member]
Stockholders' equity (Details) [Line Items]
Preferred shares, par value (in Dollars per share)				$ 0.0001
IPO [Member]
Stockholders' equity (Details) [Line Items]
Shares issued			22,000,000
Common Stock [Member]
Stockholders' equity (Details) [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized			110,000,000
Common stock, shares issued			50,833,619
Common stock, shares outstanding			50,878,780
Common stock shares, description			a) 26,888,285 shares were issued to the stockholders of ChaSerg who did not redeem their shares, b) 1,200,000 shares legally issued and outstanding to the ChaSerg Founders and underwriter subject to earnout provisions as discussed further below, c) 53,000 shares issued to the Sponsor of ChaSerg at $10.00 per share as the result of a promissory note of $0.5 million converted to the Company’s common stock, d) 19,490,295 shares issued to GDD International Holding Company, e) 2,094,850 shares issued to BGV Opportunity Fund, L.P., and f) 1,152,350 shares issued to former shareholders of GDI. Additionally at Closing, there were 4,313,917 outstanding vested options to purchase the Company’s common stock.
Earnout shares, description			At the Closing, the Company had 1,200,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding subject to earnout provisions (the “Earnout Shares”).
Price per share (in Dollars per share)			$ 18
Preferred Stock [Member]
Stockholders' equity (Details) [Line Items]
Preferred stock, conversion basis				As of December 31, 2019 GDI had 1,047,942 shares of no par value shares of preferred stock outstanding convertible on a 1:1 basis with GDI’s common stock.
Preferred stock shares, outstanding				1,047,942

Stock-based compensation (Detai

Stock-based compensation (Details) - USD ($)	May 04, 2020	Mar. 05, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Vested options outstanding (in Shares)				1,739,932
Unvested options outstanding (in Shares)				146,865
Number of shares forfeited (in Shares)			18,940	50,164
Proceeds from stock options exercised				$ 99,000	$ 1,700,000
Total outstanding shares (in Shares)				4,599,790	2,734,327
Weighted average exercise price (in Dollars per share)				$ 8.37
Aggregated fair value granted				$ 6,900,000
Exercise Price (in Dollars per share)				$ 3.28
Options granted price (in Dollars per share)				$ 8.22
Straight-line basis over term				2 years 8 months 1 day
Maximum payout, percentage	300.00%
Contribution margin performance, description				Fifty percent (50%) of the target number of performance shares granted will vest (if at all) based on the extent of achievement of Revenue Growth for the Performance Period and the remaining fifty percent (50%) of the target number of performance shares granted will vest (if at all) based on the extent of achievement of the Contribution Margin.
Stock-based compensation expense related				$ 9,200,000
Number of shares (in Shares)				0.7
Sharebased compensation tax				$ 10,700,000
Stock based compensation, description				The Company classifies awards issued under the stock-based compensation plans as equity. Total compensation expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 was $20.0 million, which included $2.5 million of compensation expense related to the acceleration of vesting of awards under the 2018 Stock Plan. Total compensation expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $2.4 million and $1.8 million respectively.
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense				$ 27,600,000
NSO [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Options granted				2,087,000
Aggregated fair value granted				2.1
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Options granted				$ 3.1
Number of share issue (in Shares)				28,300
Board for a total value				$ 200,000
Straight-line basis over term				3 years 1 month 24 days
Phantom Share Units (PSUs) [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation expenses				$ 2,300,000
Number of shares (in Shares)				750,000
2020 Equity Incentive Plan [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Options granted				$ 25,100,000
Unrecognized compensation expenses				$ 19,800,000
2018 Stock Plan [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Stock options vested, shares (in Shares)				2,568,523
Increase to additional paid-in capital				$ 2,500,000
Number of shares forfeited (in Shares)				0.05
Shares exercised (in Shares)				0.03
Proceeds from stock options exercised				$ 100,000
Number of shares exercisable (in Shares)				4.4
Average exercise price of shares exercisable (in Dollars per share)				$ 3.54
Total outstanding shares (in Shares)				4,600,000
Intrinsic value				$ 41,700,000
Remaining contractual term				8 years 7 days
Net of forfeitures				$ 200,000
straight-line basis term				2 years 8 months 4 days
2018 Stock Plan [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Exercise prices (in Dollars per share)				$ 3.51
2018 Stock Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Exercise prices (in Dollars per share)				$ 3.54
2020 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Number of shares forfeited (in Shares)				5,300,000
Intrinsic value				$ 8,200,000
straight-line basis term				3 years 3 months 21 days
Incentive stock options (in Shares)		16,300,000
Total outstanding shares				$ 1,900,000
Issuance of option granted (in Shares)	574,188
2020 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Percentage of maximum payout				300.00%
2020 Equity Incentive Plan [Member] | NSO [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Options granted				$ 2,087,000
2020 Equity Incentive Plan [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Options granted				3,053,969
2020 Equity Incentive Plan [Member] | Phantom Share Units (PSUs) [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) [Line Items]
Options granted				$ 574,188

Stock-based compensation (Det_2

Stock-based compensation (Details) - Schedule of conversion of the vested and unvested options - shares	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Schedule of conversion of the vested and unvested options [Abstract]
Options outstanding, balance beginning	2,734,327	2,734,327
Options outstanding, Cashed out	(828,590)
Options outstanding, Forfeited	(18,940)	(50,164)
Options Outstanding 2018 Plan balance ending		4,599,790
Options outstanding, Balance at March 31, 2020 (prior to exchange ratio conversion)	1,886,797
Options outstanding, Converted vested balance		4,313,917
Options outstanding, Converted unvested balance		364,094
Options outstanding, Balance at March 6, 2020 (post to exchange ratio conversion)		4,678,011
Options outstanding, Exercised in 2020		(28,057)

Stock-based compensation (Det_3

Stock-based compensation (Details) - Schedule of Board of directors approved an equity incentive plan	10 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020shares
Schedule of Board of directors approved an equity incentive plan [Abstract]
Available for grant, Available beginning	16,300,000
Available for grant, Options granted	(2,087,000)
Available for grant, RSU granted	(3,053,969)
Available for grant, PSU granted (253% target achieved)	(1,452,699)
Available for grant, Options forfeited	144,600
Available for grant, RSU forfeited	30,000
Available for grant, Available ending	9,880,932

Stock-based compensation (Det_4

Stock-based compensation (Details) - Schedule of estimated grant using the black-scholes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020$ / shares
Stock-based compensation (Details) - Schedule of estimated grant using the black-scholes [Line Items]
Dividend yield	0.00%
Expected volatility	40.00%
Expected term in years	6 years 1 month 9 days
Minimum [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) - Schedule of estimated grant using the black-scholes [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate	0.31%
Grant date fair value of common stock (in Dollars per share)	$ 6.86
Maximum [Member]
Stock-based compensation (Details) - Schedule of estimated grant using the black-scholes [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate	0.80%
Grant date fair value of common stock (in Dollars per share)	$ 11.89

Stock-based compensation (Det_5

Stock-based compensation (Details) - Schedule of dividend yield assumption for all Black-Scholes stock option-pricing	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020$ / sharesshares
Schedule of dividend yield assumption for all Black-Scholes stock option-pricing [Abstract]
Options granted, Shares | shares	2,087,000
Options granted, Price | $ / shares	$ 8.37	[1]
Options forfeited, Shares | shares	(144,600)
Options forfeited, Price | $ / shares	$ 8.13	[1]
Options outstanding, Shares | shares	1,942,400
Options outstanding, Price | $ / shares	$ 8.38	[1]
Options outstanding, Term	9 years 2 months 19 days	[2]
[1]	Represents the weighted average exercise price
[2]	Represents weighted average remaining contractual term

Stock-based compensation (Det_6

Stock-based compensation (Details) - Schedule of Employee stock-based compensation recognized - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Schedule of Employee stock-based compensation recognized [Abstract]
Cost of revenue	$ 840	$ 148	$ 84
Engineering, research, and development	2,419	175	103
Sales and marketing	3,532	53	40
General and administrative	13,215	2,065	1,529
Total stock-based compensation	$ 20,006	$ 2,441	$ 1,756

Earnings per share (Details) -

Earnings per share (Details) - Schedule of computation of basic and diluted earnings per share - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Schedule of computation of basic and diluted earnings per share [Abstract]
Net income/(loss) (in Dollars)	$ (12,599)	$ 10,807	$ 9,228
Less: Income attributable to preferred shareholders		(377)
Net income/(loss) available to common shareholders (in Dollars)	$ (12,599)	$ 10,430	$ 9,228
Weighted-average shares outstanding – basic	44,737	21,118	20,217
Basic earnings/(loss) per share (in Dollars per share)	$ (0.28)	$ 0.49	$ 0.46
Numerator for diluted earnings per share
Net income available to common shareholders (in Dollars)	$ (12,599)	$ 10,430	$ 9,228
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding	44,737	21,118	20,217
Add: Dilutive impact of options in the money		4
Weighted-average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share	44,737	21,122	20,217
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share (in Dollars per share)	$ (0.28)	$ 0.49	$ 0.46

Earnings per share (Details) _2

Earnings per share (Details) - Schedule of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders - shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Schedule of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders [Abstract]
Convertible preferred stock	1,048	1,048
Stock options to purchase common stock	8,866		5,579
Restricted stock units	3,054
Performance stock units	1,453
Warrants to purchase common stock	11,347
Total	25,768	1,048	5,579

Segment and geographic inform_3

Segment and geographic information (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Operating segment	1
Reportable segment	1

Segment and geographic inform_4

Segment and geographic information (Details) - Schedule of long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Segment and geographic information (Details) - Schedule of long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization [Line Items]
Total		$ 4,095	$ 4,024
United States [Member]
Segment and geographic information (Details) - Schedule of long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization [Line Items]
Total		712	885
Russia [Member]
Segment and geographic information (Details) - Schedule of long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization [Line Items]
Total		1,023	1,386
Ukraine [Member]
Segment and geographic information (Details) - Schedule of long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization [Line Items]
Total	[1]	1,340	773
Poland [Member]
Segment and geographic information (Details) - Schedule of long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization [Line Items]
Total		528	577
Serbia [Member]
Segment and geographic information (Details) - Schedule of long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization [Line Items]
Total		$ 492	$ 403
[1]	Includes Daxx

Related party transactions (Det

Related party transactions (Details) - Board of Directors [Member] - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Nov. 28, 2018
Related party transactions (Details) [Line Items]
Total revenue from related party	$ 0.1	$ 1
Accounts receivable from related party	$ 0	$ 0.5
Dividend per common share (in Dollars per share)			$ 0.17
Dividends paid			$ 2

Benefit plans (Details)

Benefit plans (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Employee contribute, percentage	60.00%

Commitments and contingencies_2

Commitments and contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Operating leases description	The Company leases its vehicles and facilities under non-cancelable operating leases expiring between January 2021 and January 2024.
Rent expense	$ 4.2	$ 4.8	$ 3.8

Commitments and contingencies_3

Commitments and contingencies (Details) - Schedule of future minimum payments under non-cancelable leases $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Schedule of future minimum payments under non-cancelable leases [Abstract]
2021	$ 2,878
2022	992
2023	85
2024	2
Total	$ 3,957

Commitments and contingencies_4

Commitments and contingencies (Details) - Schedule of total future minimum payments under the non-cancelable SSA - Software Subscription Services Agreement [Member] $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Commitments and contingencies (Details) - Schedule of total future minimum payments under the non-cancelable SSA [Line Items]
2021	$ 505
2022	369
2023	324
2024	81
Total	$ 1,279

Line of credit (Details)

Line of credit (Details) $ in Millions	Oct. 31, 2017USD ($)
Line of Credit [Member]
Line of credit (Details) [Line Items]
Borrowing capacity	$ 0.5

Subsequent events (Details)

Subsequent events (Details) - Subsequent Event [Member] - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	Feb. 12, 2021	Feb. 17, 2021
Subsequent events (Details) [Line Items]
Vesting shares of PSUs	700,000
Shares of net	750,000
Tax obligation value (in Dollars)	$ 10.7
Public warrants		6,383,269
Public warrants per shares (in Dollars per share)		$ 0.3480
Common stock		2,221,378