Investments | The Company’s principal investments are in fixed income securities, equity securities, and policy loans. The following table presents the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains (losses) and fair value of the Company’s fixed maturity securities as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Equity securities were removed from this table upon adoption of ASU No. 2016-01 at January 1, 2019. March 31, 2019 Amortized Gross Unrealized Fair Cost Gains Losses Value (Dollars in thousands) U.S. government $ 4,060 $ 136 $ (92 ) $ 4,104 States, political subdivisions, other 33,699 778 (90 ) 34,387 Corporate 109,523 2,211 (749 ) 110,985 Residential mortgage-backed securities 39,703 990 (92 ) 40,601 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 5,588 137 (49 ) 5,676 Total fixed maturity securities $ 192,573 $ 4,252 $ (1,072 ) $ 195,753 December 31, 2018 Amortized Gross Unrealized Fair Cost Gains Losses Value (Dollars in thousands) U.S. government $ 4,063 $ 142 $ (148 ) $ 4,057 States, political subdivisions, other 30,881 472 (364 ) 30,989 Corporate 108,664 617 (2,995 ) 106,286 Residential mortgage-backed securities 37,755 455 (688 ) 37,522 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 5,672 73 (124 ) 5,621 Total fixed maturity securities 187,035 1,759 (4,319 ) 184,475 Equity securities 4,514 1,528 (38 ) 6,004 Total fixed maturity and equity securities $ 191,549 $ 3,287 $ (4,357 ) $ 190,479 The scheduled maturities for fixed income securities as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows: March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Amortized Fair Amortized Fair Cost Value Cost Value (Dollars in thousands) Due in one year or less $ 6,699 $ 6,795 $ 5,998 $ 6,041 Due after one year through five years 34,683 35,506 37,917 38,032 Due after five years through ten years 77,014 77,945 74,274 72,209 Due after ten years 28,886 29,230 25,419 25,050 Mortgage-backed securities 45,291 46,277 43,427 43,143 Total $ 192,573 $ 195,753 $ 187,035 $ 184,475 Actual maturities may differ from those scheduled as a result of prepayments by the issuers. Because of the potential for prepayment on mortgage-backed securities, they are not categorized by contractual maturity. The following table presents the sources of investment proceeds and the related gross realized investment gains (losses) for the three month periods ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, respectively: Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Fixed Equity Derivative Maturities Securities Instruments (Dollars in thousands) Proceeds from sales or maturities $ 3,768 $ 2,827 $ 77 Gross gains from sales or maturities 11 715 107 Gross losses from sales or maturities (2 ) (12 ) (140 ) Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Fixed Equity Derivative Maturities Securities Instruments (Dollars in thousands) Proceeds from sales or maturities $ 5,614 $ – $ 128 Gross gains from sales or maturities 48 – 226 Gross losses from sales or maturities (33 ) – (151 ) For the three month period ended March 31, 2019, the Company also recognized $105,000 of unrealized losses on equity securities in net investment gains in accordance with the adoption of ASU 2016-01. For the three month periods ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018 the Company did not recognize any impairment losses. The Company has a comprehensive portfolio monitoring process to identify and evaluate each fixed income and equity security whose carrying value may be other-than-temporarily impaired. For each fixed income security in an unrealized loss position, the Company assesses whether management with the appropriate authority has made a decision to sell or whether it is probable that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of the amortized cost basis for reasons such as liquidity, contractual or regulatory purposes. If a security meets any of these criteria, the security’s decline in fair value is deemed other than temporary and is recorded in earnings. If the Company has not made the decision to sell the fixed income security and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the fixed income security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the Company evaluates if it expects to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security by comparing the estimated recovery value calculated by discounting the best estimate of future cash flows at the security’s original or current effective rate, as appropriate, with the amortized cost of the security. If the Company does not expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the fixed income security, the credit loss component of the impairment is recorded in earnings, with the remaining amount of the unrealized loss deemed to be related to other factors and recognized in AOCI. The Company’s portfolio monitoring process includes a quarterly review of all securities through a screening process which identifies instances where the fair value compared to amortized cost for fixed income securities and cost for equity securities is below established thresholds, and also includes the monitoring of other criteria such as ratings, ratings downgrades or payment defaults. The securities identified, in addition to other securities for which the Company may have a concern, are evaluated for potential other-than-temporary impairment using all reasonably available information relevant to the collectability or recovery of the security. Inherent in the Company’s evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment for these fixed income and equity securities are assumptions and estimates about the financial condition of the issue or issuer and its future earnings potential. Some of the factors considered in evaluating whether a decline in fair value is other than temporary are: 1) the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than amortized cost for fixed income securities, or cost for equity securities; 2) the financial condition, near-term and long-term prospects of the issue or issuer, including relevant industry specific market conditions and trends, geographic location and implications of rating agency actions and offering prices; and 3) the specific reasons that a security is in a significant unrealized loss position, including overall market conditions which could affect liquidity. The following table shows the fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Equity securities were removed from this table upon adoption of ASU No. 2016-01 at January 1, 2019. March 31, 2019 Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Total Gross Gross Gross Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Description of securities Value Loss Value Loss Value Loss (Dollars in thousands) U.S. government $ – $ – $ 2,960 $ (92 ) $ 2,960 $ (92 ) States, political subdivisions, other 3,045 (8 ) 5,619 (82 ) 8,664 (90 ) Corporate 4,990 (46 ) 25,724 (703 ) 30,714 (749 ) Residential mortgage-backed securities – – 10,164 (92 ) 10,164 (92 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 50 (2 ) 2,474 (47 ) 2,524 (49 ) Total $ 8,085 $ (56 ) $ 46,941 $ (1,016 ) $ 55,026 $ (1,072 ) December 31, 2018 Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Total Gross Gross Gross Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Description of securities Value Loss Value Loss Value Loss (Dollars in thousands) U.S. government $ – $ – $ 2,907 $ (148 ) $ 2,907 $ (148 ) States, political subdivisions, other 6,106 (103 ) 9,339 (261 ) 15,445 (364 ) Corporate 49,193 (1,886 ) 14,228 (1,109 ) 63,421 (2,995 ) Residential mortgage-backed securities 9,401 (158 ) 13,065 (530 ) 22,466 (688 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 2,003 (45 ) 1,502 (79 ) 3,505 (124 ) Equity securities 379 (38 ) – – 379 (38 ) Total $ 67,082 $ (2,230 ) $ 41,041 $ (2,127 ) $ 108,123 $ (4,357 ) It is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell these investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be maturity. Net Investment Income Net investment income for the three month periods ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, respectively, is as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Fixed maturity securities $ 1,835 $ 1,869 Equity securities 31 37 Real estate 26 37 Cash equivalents 153 8 Policy loans 174 176 Other 128 140 Subtotal 2,347 2,267 Investment expense (146 ) (160 ) Net investment income $ 2,201 $ 2,107 Unrealized Capital Gains (Losses) The following table shows the unrealized net capital gains and losses included in AOCI at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Equity securities were removed from this table upon adoption of ASU No. 2016-01 at January 1, 2019. March 31, 2019 Net Fair Gross Unrealized Unrealized Value Gains Losses Gain (Loss) (Dollars in thousands) Fixed income securities $ 195,753 $ 4,252 $ (1,072 ) $ 3,180 Net unrealized capital gains $ 3,180 December 31, 2018 Net Fair Gross Unrealized Unrealized Value Gains Losses Gain (Loss) (Dollars in thousands) Fixed income securities $ 184,475 $ 1,759 $ (4,319 ) $ (2,560 ) Equity securities 6,004 1,528 (38 ) 1,490 Net unrealized capital gains $ (1,070 ) At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, securities with a market value of approximately $4.6 million and $4.5 million, respectively, were on deposit with governmental agencies as required by State Insurance Departments. Credit Risk The Company generally strives to maintain a diversified invested asset portfolio but is exposed to credit and other types of risks related to its holding in fixed income and equity securities. Such risk may be related to individual companies, sectors, or entire asset classes. The Company manages this risk by holding a diversified portfolio of securities and sectors and by limiting the amount of exposure to a single issuer of credit. For March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, approximately 24% and 23%, respectively, of the Company’s investments in fixed maturities were invested in commercial and residential mortgage-backed securities and approximately 56% and 57% in corporate bonds. Approximately 5% of the fixed income maturities were rated below investment grade. There is certain concentration risk from investments in companies that are engaged in similar activities and have similar economic characteristics. The largest corporate bond sector exposures at March 31, 2019 are consumer non-cyclical consisting of 10% of the total fixed income portfolio, banks 6%, communications 5%, real estate 5%, and energy 5%. The largest corporate bond sector exposures at December 31, 2018 were consumer non-cyclical consisting of 11% of the total fixed income portfolio, banks 6%, |