BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Principles of Consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Sun Country Airlines Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company reclassified certain prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation. The Company operates its fiscal year on a calendar year basis. Use of Estimates – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant areas of judgment relate to passenger revenue recognition, maintenance under the built-in overhaul method, lease accounting, impairment of long-lived and intangible assets, and air traffic liabilities. Management believes that all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of results, consisting of normally recurring items, have been included in the Consolidated Financial Statements. A summary of significant accounting policies consistently applied in the preparation of the accompanying financial statements is as follows: Revenue Recognition – Scheduled Service, Charter Service, and most ancillary revenues are recognized when the passenger flight occurs. Revenues exclude amounts collected on behalf of other parties, including transportation taxes. Scheduled Service. The Company initially defers ticket sales as an Air Traffic Liability and recognizes revenue when the passenger flight occurs. Unused non-refundable tickets expire at the date of scheduled travel and are recorded as revenue unless the customer notifies the Company in advance of such date that the customer will not travel. If notification is made, a travel credit is created for the face value, including ancillary fees, less applicable change fees. Travel credits may generally be redeemed toward future travel for up to 12 months after the date of the original booking. Therefore, these credits are recorded as a current liability on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company records an estimate for travel credits that will expire unused, otherwise known as breakage, in Passenger Revenue upon issuance of the travel credit. The estimated breakage rate is primarily based on historical experience of travel credit activity and other factors that may not be indicative of future trends, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, program changes or modifications that could affect the ultimate usage patterns of tickets and travel credits. The Company continuously monitors its breakage rate assumptions and may adjust its estimated breakage rate in the future. Changes in the Company’s estimated breakage rate impact revenue recognition prospectively. The Company currently accounts for direct selling costs, including credit card fees, and commissions, in accordance with the terms of each service. The expense is deferred and recognized when the travel occurs. Ancillary. Ancillary revenue consists primarily of revenue generated from air travel-related services such as baggage fees, seat selection and upgrade fees, priority check-in and boarding fees, other fees and on-board sales, which are recognized when the associated flight occurs. Revenue for change fees is deferred and recognized when the passenger travel occurs. Fees received in advance of the flight date are initially recorded as an Air Traffic Liability. Charter. Our Charter business includes ad hoc, repeat, short-term and long-term service contracts that typically include pass-through fuel arrangements. Under these Charter agreements, the Company is obligated to provide aircraft, crew, maintenance, and insurance for travel. Customers are generally responsible for aircraft fuel, transportation taxes, and certain other flight expenses, which are typically arranged by the Company. When functioning as the customers' agent for arranging such services, the Company records amounts reimbursable from the customer as revenues, net of the associated costs incurred to fulfill the performance obligations. In certain situations, the Company may be responsible for the aforementioned costs and is reimbursed by the customer. In these situations, the Company is the principal. The reimbursed costs are recognized as revenue and the costs are recognized as expenses on the Company's Statement of Operations. Revenue is recognized as the services are performed based on Block Hours operated on behalf of customers. The typical lead time for a charter flight is significantly less than one year; therefore, the Company does not capitalize costs related to obtaining the contract. Cargo. The ATSA is a six-year contract signed on December 13, 2019, and includes two, two-year extensions exercisable at Amazon’s option, providing for a total term of ten years if both extension options are exercised. Each extension must be exercised with at least 180 days’ prior written notice before the expiration of the then-current term. The ATSA has annual rate escalations. Cargo revenue is typically recognized based on hours flown, number of flights, and the number of aircraft operated during a reporting period. The ATSA contains three performance obligations: Flight Services, Heavy Maintenance and Fuel. As Sun Country is the principal in providing Flight Services, revenue and related costs are recognized gross on the Statement of Operations. Sun Country acts as the agent in providing the Heavy Maintenance and Fuel performance obligations, which are reimbursed by Amazon based on the actual costs incurred. Consumption of aircraft fuel and heavy maintenance are recognized in revenue, net of the associated costs incurred to fulfill the performance obligations. The ATSA with Amazon consists of three main revenue components; a fixed amount is received each month per aircraft, a fixed amount is received each month per flight, and an amount per block hour is received each month. The ATSA contains a SLA and penalties for certain delays and cancellations. The SLA can result in a bonus or penalty for the month depending on the Company's performance. When determining the transaction price, the Company will estimate the variable consideration and consideration payable to Amazon over the contract term. Each period, the Company updates its estimate for the variable consideration and consideration payable to the customer and treats the adjustment as an adjustment to the transaction price. When updating the estimate, the Company considers whether there are any changes in expected block hours, changes in expected bonuses or penalties based on performance, changes in warrants expected to be issued, and changes in reimbursable costs. The transaction price is allocated to the performance obligations based on their relative standalone selling price. The transaction price for Flight Services, which includes an upfront payment for startup costs, is reduced by the estimated value of warrants to be issued to Amazon based on expected performance under the ATSA. Loyalty Program Accounting – The Company records a liability for loyalty points earned by passengers under its Sun Country Rewards program using two methods: 1) a liability for points that are earned by passengers on purchases of the Company’s services is established by deferring revenue based on the redemption value net of breakage, and 2) a liability for points attributed to loyalty points issued to the Company’s co-branded credit card holders is established by deferring a portion of payments received from the Company’s co-branded agreement. The Company’s Sun Country Rewards program allows for the redemption of loyalty points to include payment towards air travel, land travel, taxes, and other ancillary purchases. The Company determines the standalone selling price of loyalty points issued using a redemption value approach, which considers the value a passenger will receive upon redemption of the loyalty points. Consideration allocated to loyalty points is deferred, net of estimated breakage, and recognized as Passenger Revenue when both the loyalty points have been redeemed and the passenger travel occurs. The Company estimates breakage for loyalty points that are not likely to be redeemed. These estimates are based on historical experience of loyalty point redemption activity and other factors, such as program changes and modifications that could affect the ultimate usage pattern of loyalty points. The current portion of the Loyalty Point Liability is an estimate primarily based on historical redemption patterns over the past 12 months, as well as other factors that may not be indicative of historical trends. Under the Company's co-branded credit card program, funds received for the marketing of a co-branded credit card and delivery of loyalty points are accounted for as a multiple-deliverable arrangement. The arrangement has two distinct performance obligations: loyalty points to be awarded, and brand and marketing. Funds received are allocated based on relative standalone selling price. Revenue for the brand and marketing performance obligation is recognized as revenue when earned and recorded in Other Revenue. Consideration allocated to loyalty points is deferred and recognized as Passenger Revenue when both the loyalty points have been redeemed and the passenger travel occurs. Cash and Equivalents – The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash balances at several financial institutions; at times, such balances may be in excess of insurance limits. The Company has not experienced any losses on these balances. Restricted Cash – The Company's Restricted Cash balance primarily relates to Charter revenue receipts received prior to the date of transportation. These amounts are also recorded as a component of the Company's Air Traffic Liabilities. DOT regulations require that Charter revenue receipts received prior to the date of transportation are maintained in a separate third-party escrow account. The restrictions are released once transportation is provided, which is typically within 12 months of booking. For that reason, the balance of Restricted Cash is classified as a current asset on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. Investments – The Company's investments consist of Debt Securities and Certificates of Deposit. The Certificates of Deposit are recorded at cost, plus accrued interest. These certificates serve as collateral for letters of credit required by various airports and other vendors. All of the certificates have original maturities greater than 90 days. The Debt Securities are classified as Current Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets because the securities are highly liquid and are available to be quickly converted into known amounts of cash to fund current operations. These investments have original maturities of three months or greater. Most of the Company's Debt Securities will mature within one year. The Company limits its exposure to any one issuer or market sector, and largely limits its investments to investment grade quality securities. Securities downgraded below policy minimums after purchase will be disposed of in accordance with the Company’s investment policy. The Company's Debt Securities are classified as Available-for-Sale and are reported at fair value on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. Unrealized gains and losses on the Company's Available-for-Sale securities are excluded from Net Income and are reported as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, net of income tax effects, within Stockholders' Equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets until realized. Realized gains and losses are recorded using the specific identification method and reflected in Other, net within Non-operating Income (Expense), net on the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company did not realize any gains or losses on its Available-for-Sale investments for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Premiums and discounts recorded on Available-for-Sale debt securities are accounted for in Interest Income within Non-operating Income (Expense), net on the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations. At each reporting period, the Company assesses its Available-for-Sale investments in an unrealized loss position to determine whether an impairment exists. The Company will record an impairment if management intends to sell an impaired security, will likely be required to sell a security before recovery of the entire amortized cost, or the same level of collectible cash flows from the security is no longer expected. The entire impairment will be included in Other, net within Non-operating Income (Expense), net on the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company did not recognize any impairment losses on its Available-for-Sale investments for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Accounts Receivable – Accounts Receivable are recorded at the amount due from customers and do not bear interest. They consist primarily of amounts due from Amazon, credit card companies associated with ticket sales and Charter Service customers. The Company's Accounts Receivable balances at December 31, 2023 and 2022 also included $664 and $1,000, respectively, due from aircraft lessors related to maintenance deposits. Accounts outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. The Company determines its allowance for credit losses by considering a number of factors, including the length of time accounts receivable are past due, the Company’s previous loss history, the customer’s current ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, $127, $70 and $17 in Accounts Receivable were written off, respectively. Lessor Maintenance Deposits – Certain of the Company’s aircraft lease agreements provide that the Company pay maintenance reserves monthly to aircraft lessors to be held as collateral in advance of major maintenance activities required to be performed by the Company. Generally, maintenance reserve payments are variable based on actual flight hours or cycles. These lease agreements provide that maintenance reserves are reimbursable to the Company upon completion of the maintenance event in an amount equal to the lesser of (1) the amount of the maintenance reserve held by the lessor associated with the specific maintenance event or (2) the qualifying costs related to the specific maintenance event. Maintenance reserve payments that are expected to be recoverable via reimbursable expenses are reflected as Lessor Maintenance Deposits on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. These deposits are expected to be reimbursed to the Company upon performance of maintenance activities. Upon completion of the maintenance event, the lessor is billed and the amount due is recorded in Accounts Receivable. Lessor Maintenance Deposits deemed improbable of recovery are expensed as incurred and recorded within Aircraft Rent. The Company makes certain assumptions at the inception of the lease and at each Balance Sheet date to determine the recoverability of maintenance deposits. These assumptions are based on various factors, such as the estimated time between the maintenance events, the cost of such maintenance events, the date the aircraft is due to be returned to the lessor, and the estimated number of flight hours and cycles the aircraft is to be utilized before it is purchased or returned to the lessor. Changes in estimates are accounted for on a prospective basis. As of December 31, 2023, all maintenance deposits are estimated to be recoverable either through reimbursable maintenance events or through application towards the purchase of the aircraft. On the Acquisition Date, the Company established a contra-asset to represent the Company’s obligation to perform planned maintenance events on leased aircraft held as of the Acquisition Date. As reimbursable maintenance events were performed and maintenance expense was incurred, the contra-asset was recognized as a reduction to Maintenance expense as reimbursable maintenance events are performed. Further, any balance remaining at the end of the lease term may be applied towards the purchase price of the leased aircraft. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the remaining balance of the contra-asset was $13,211. Inventory – Inventories primarily consist of expendable parts related to flight equipment, which cannot be economically repaired, reconditioned or reused after removal from the aircraft, are carried at average cost and charged to operations as consumed. An allowance for obsolescence and excess is provided over the remaining useful life of the related fleet for spare parts expected to be on hand at the date that aircraft type is retired from service. These parts are assumed to have an estimated residual value of 10% of the original cost. Leases – Lease classification is evaluated by the Company at lease commencement and when significant amendments are executed . The Company's leases generally do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate; therefore, the Company estimates the incremental borrowing rate to discount lease payments based on information available at lease commencement. The lease term consists of the noncancellable period of the lease and periods covered by options to extend the lease if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise the option. For leases of 12 months or less, the Company expenses lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Operating Lease Right-of-Use Asset and Liabilities For all operating leases with a term greater than 12 months, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of future minimum lease payments, which includes certain lease and non-lease components, over the lease term. Operating Lease Right-of-use Assets and Operating Lease Obligations have their own lines on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance Leases Finance leases are initially recorded at the net present value of future minimum lease payments, which includes certain lease and non-lease components. Finance leases generally have one of these five attributes: 1) ownership of the underlying asset transfers to the Company at the end of the lease term, 2) the lease agreement contains a purchase option that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise, 3) the lease term represents the major part of the asset’s economic life , 4) the present value of lease payments over the lease term equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the asset, and 5) the underlying asset is so specialized in nature that it provides no alternative use to the lessor after the lease term . Finance Lease Assets are presented separately on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company depreciates Finance Lease Assets consistent with its useful life policy presented in the table below. Leased Aircraft Return Costs The Company's aircraft lease agreements often contain provisions that require the Company to return aircraft airframes, engines, and other aircraft components to the lessor in a certain condition or pay an amount to the lessor based on the airframe and engine's actual return condition. Lease return costs are recognized beginning when it is probable that such costs will be incurred and they can be estimated. The Company assesses the need to accrue lease return costs periodically throughout the year or whenever facts and circumstances warrant an assessment. When costs become both probable and estimable, lease return costs are expensed as a component of Aircraft Rent expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Property & Equipment – Property and equipment are recorded at cost or fair value at the Acquisition Date and depreciated, when the asset is ready for its intended use, on a straight-line basis to an estimated residual value over their estimated useful lives or lease term (if applicable), whichever is shorter, as follows: Airframes 10-25 years (depending on age) Engines – Core 7 or 12 years (based on remaining cycles) Engines - Initial Greentime (time remaining until the first scheduled major maintenance event) 1 st scheduled maintenance event Leasehold Improvements, Aircraft, Other 3-25 years (or life of lease, if shorter) Office and Ground Equipment 5-7 years Computer Hardware and Software 3-5 years Property and Equipment under Finance Leases (1) Lesser of the lease term or economic life Rotable Parts Average remaining life of aircraft fleet, currently estimated to be 10 years _____________________________ (1) For finance leases where the Company is reasonably certain to exercise the purchase option, the lease asset value is assigned to the engine and airframe components which are depreciated on a straight-line basis in accordance with the useful lives outlined in the table above. Our tangible assets consist primarily of Aircraft and Flight Equipment, which are mobile across geographic markets. Therefore, assets are not allocated to specific geographic regions. Modifications that enhance the operating performance or extend the useful lives of leased airframes are considered leasehold improvements and are capitalized and depreciated over the economic life of the asset or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Similar modifications made to owned aircraft are capitalized and depreciated consistent with the Company’s policy. The Company capitalizes certain internal and external costs associated with the acquisition and development of internal-use software for new products, and enhancements to existing products, that have reached the application development stage and meet recoverability tests. Capitalized costs include external direct costs of materials and services utilized in developing or obtaining internal-use software, and labor cost for employees who are directly associated with, and devote time to, internal-use software projects. The Company depreciates Rotable Parts to an estimated residual value using the pooling life method. Depreciation under the pooling life method is calculated over the estimated average useful life of the passenger aircraft fleet. The Company capitalizes certain costs of activities necessary to get the asset ready for its intended use. Capitalized interest represents interest costs incurred during the aircraft induction period, capitalization ceases when the asset is ready for service. Airframe and Engine Maintenance – The Company accounts for non-major maintenance and repair costs incurred, as well as major maintenance costs of owned airframes, all leased airframes, and engines acquired via operating leases, using the expense as incurred method. Certain costs covered by third-party maintenance agreements are charged to expense based on fleet utilization, as defined by the contract. These expenses are reported as a component of Maintenance expense on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company applies the built-in overhaul method for significant maintenance costs of owned engines, as well as to engines acquired via finance leases where the Company is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option. Under this method, engine values are separated into amounts for life limited parts and “greentime”, representing the value of the engine for the time on-wing remaining until the next anticipated major maintenance event. Life limited parts are capitalized based on catalog rates published by the original equipment manufacturer and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Initial engine "greentime" and subsequent major engine maintenance events are capitalized and depreciated until the next anticipated major maintenance event, assuming no residual value. The period until the next scheduled major maintenance event is estimated based on assumptions such as estimated cycles, hours, and months, required maintenance intervals, and the age/condition of related parts. These assumptions may change based on forecasted aircraft utilization changes, updates to government regulations, and manufacturer maintenance intervals, as well as unplanned incidents causing damage requiring a major maintenance event prior to a scheduled visit. If the estimated timing of the next maintenance event changes, the related depreciation period changes prospectively. These expenses are reported as a component of Depreciation and Amortization on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Asset Impairment Analysis – Long-lived assets, such as Property & Equipment and Finite-Lived Intangible Assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset (or asset group) may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group be tested for impairment, the Company first compares the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined using various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. No impairment losses on the Company's long-lived assets were recognized during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 or 2021. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets – Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the estimated fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination. Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets represents a tradename acquired in a business combination. Finite-Lived Intangible Assets represent customer relationships acquired in a business combination and over-market lease assets acquired when the Company purchased five Owned Aircraft Held for Operating Lease. Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets must be tested for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that they might be impaired. Goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level. The Company has two reporting units: Passenger and Cargo, all Goodwill is related to the passenger reporting unit. Finite-Lived Intangible Assets are amortized over an estimated useful life. The estimated useful life for the Company's customer relationship intangible asset was based on several factors, including the effects of demand, competition, contractual relationship, and other business factors. The Company concluded that the customer relationships Finite-Lived Intangible Assets have an estimated life of 12 years and are being amortized over this period on a straight-line basis. The Company's over-market lease asset will be amortized over the remaining lease terms for the respective aircraft, which ranged from 1.2-2.7 years as of the acquisition date and 0.9-1.9 years remain as of December 31, 2023. See Note 6 included within these Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on the Company's over-market lease asset. The value of Goodwill and Other Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets is assessed under either a qualitative or quantitative approach. Under a qualitative approach, the Company considers various market factors, including certain key assumptions, such as the market value of the airline and other airlines, fuel prices, the overall economy, passenger yields and changes to the regulatory environment. The Company analyzes these factors to determine if events and circumstances have affected the fair value of Goodwill and Other Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that the asset may be impaired, the Company uses a quantitative approach to determine the reporting unit or intangible asset’s fair value incorporating the key assumptions listed below. An impairment charge is recorded for the amount of carrying value that exceeds the determined fair value as of the testing date. When the Company evaluates Goodwill or its Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for impairment using a quantitative approach, the Company utilizes market and income approach valuation techniques. These measurements include the following key assumptions, 1) forecasted revenues, expenses and cash flows, 2) current discount rates, 3) observable market transactions, and 4) anticipated changes to the regulatory environment. These assumptions are consistent with those that hypothetical market participants would use. Because the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions when evaluating Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for impairment, actual transaction amounts may differ materially from these estimates. The Company performed its most recent annual Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets impairment analysis as of October 1, 2023. The Company did not recognize any impairment losses for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 or 2021. Income Taxes – Deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce Deferred Tax Assets to the amount expected to be realized. All Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, along with any related valuation allowance, are classified as noncurrent on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions, to the extent they exist, are included in the Company’s provision for income taxes. The provision for income taxes represents the current tax expense for the period and the change during the period in Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities. TRA Liability – In connection with the Company’s IPO, the legal entity Sun Country Airlines Holdings, Inc. entered into a TRA with pre-IPO stockholders (the “TRA holders”). The TRA provides for the payment by the Company to the TRA holders of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, local, and foreign income tax that the Company actually realizes (or are deemed to realize in certain circumstances) as a result of certain tax attributes that existed at the time of the IPO (the “Pre-IPO Tax Attributes”). The Company will retain the benefit of the remaining 15% of these cash savings. Prior to the expiration of the dividend and capital distribution restrictions included in the CARES Act on September 30, 2022, the TRA Liability was subject to adjustments as a result of changes in taxable income earned during the restricted period. Future adjustments in the TRA liability balance and/or timing of TRA liability payments are contingent upon, among other things, 1) generation of future taxable income over the term of the TRA, 2) the Company’s participation in future government programs, and 3) future changes in tax laws. All adjustments to the TRA liability were recorded in Other, net within Non-Operating Income (Expense), net in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Pursuant to certain CARES Act restrictions, payments under the TRA were prohibited through September 30, 2022. The Company began making TRA payments during the year ended December 31, 2023. TRA payments are classified as Financing Activities in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The portion of the TRA expected to be paid in 2024 is reflected as a current liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. All other amounts are reflected as a non-current liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Aircraft Fuel - Aircraft fuel expense includes jet fuel, federal and state taxes, other fees and the mark-to-market gains and losses associated with the Company's fuel derivative contracts since it does not apply hedge accounting. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no outstanding fuel derivative |