Other Provisions and Agreements
The Merger Agreement also (i) contains customary provisions outlining the representations and warranties made by each party for the benefit of the other parties, (ii) is subject to customary conditions to be satisfied by each party prior to consummation of the Mergers and (iii) may be terminated under certain customary and limited circumstances prior to closing, all as discussed further in the Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 15, 2019. Further, the Merger Agreement provides that Clarivate is not required to consummate the transactions contemplated under the Merger Agreement if immediately prior to the consummation of such transactions, Churchill does not have at least $550,000,000 of cash after giving effect to payment of amounts that the Company will be required to pay to redeeming stockholders upon consummation of the proposed transactions and certain other fees and expenses described in the Merger Agreement. The Merger Agreement also calls for various additional agreements including amendments to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, the establishment of a new equity incentive plan, registration rights agreements, an agreement with the sponsor and other agreements as outlined in the 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 15, 2019.
Results of Operations
We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues to date. Our only activities from June 20, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2018 were organizational activities, those necessary to prepare for the IPO, described below, and, after our IPO, identifying a target company for a business combination and activities in connection with the proposed business combination. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our business combination. We generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on marketable securities held in the trust account. We incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses.
For the period from June 20, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2018, we had net income of $1,241,506, which consists of interest income on marketable securities held in the trust account of $4,512,532 and an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in our trust account of $62,372, offset by operating costs of $2,525,364 and a provision for income taxes of $808,034.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
On September 11, 2018, we consummated an IPO of 69,000,000 units, including the full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option in the amount of 9,000,000 units, at $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of $690,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, we consummated the sale of 18,300,000 private placement warrants, at $1.00 per private placement warrant, to the sponsor, generating gross proceeds of $18,300,000.
Following the IPO, the exercise of the over-allotment option and the sale of the private placement warrants, a total of $690,000,000 was placed in the trust account. We incurred $38,023,145 in IPO related costs, including $13,800,000 of underwriting fees, $24,150,000 of deferred underwriting fees and $73,145 of other costs, which is net of a $588,000 reimbursement received from the underwriters.
As of December 31, 2018, we had marketable securities held in the trust account of $694,574,904 (including approximately $4,575,000 of interest income and unrealized gains) consisting of U.S. Treasury Bills with a maturity of 180 days or less. Interest income on the balance in the trust account may be used by us to pay taxes. Through December 31, 2018, we did not withdraw any interest earned on the trust account.
For the period from June 20, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2018, cash used in operating activities was $923,665. Net income of $1,241,506 was effected by interest earned on marketable securities held in the trust account of $4,512,532, an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in our trust account of $62,372, a deferred tax provision of $13,098 and changes in operating assets and liabilities, which provided $2,396,635 of cash.
We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the trust account, including any amounts representing interest earned on the trust account (which interest shall be net of amounts withdrawn to pay our taxes) to complete a business combination. To the extent that our capital stock or debt is used, in whole