Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | Note 6: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses A summary of loans at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, are as follows (dollars in thousands): September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Construction & development $ 139,053 $ 163,203 1 - 4 family real estate 91,540 76,928 Commercial real estate - other 516,975 439,001 Total commercial real estate $ 747,568 $ 679,132 Commercial & industrial 568,684 513,011 Agricultural 64,688 66,145 Consumer 14,993 14,949 Gross loans 1,395,933 1,273,237 Less allowance for credit losses (20,649 ) (14,734 ) Less deferred loan fees (3,156 ) (2,781 ) Net loans $ 1,372,128 $ 1,255,722 Included in the commercial & industrial loan balances are $2.0 million and $2.6 million of loans that were originated under the SBA PPP program as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Allowance for Credit Losses Methodology On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, which replaces the incurred loss methodology for determining its provision for credit losses and allowance for credit losses with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the CECL model. See Note (1) for additional information regarding the factors that influenced the Company’s current estimate of expected credit losses. Upon adoption, the allowance for credit losses was increased by $250,000 and $500,000 for loans and unfunded commitments, respectively, with no impact to the consolidated statement of income. Subsequent to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, the Company recorded a $5.7 million and ($36,000) provision for credit losses related to loans and unfunded commitments, respectively, for the first nine months of 2023 utilizing the newly adopted CECL methodology. The following table presents, by portfolio segment, the activity in the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollars in thousands): Construction & Development 1 - 4 Family Real Estate Commercial Real Estate - Other Commercial & Industrial Agricultural Consumer Total September 30, 2023 Loans Balance, beginning of period $ 1,592 $ 1,116 $ 6,089 $ 6,712 $ 601 $ 267 $ 16,377 Charge-offs - - - - - - - Recoveries - - - - - 1 1 Net (charge-offs) recoveries - - - - - 1 1 Provision (credit) for credit losses (111 ) 30 640 3,718 8 (14 ) 4,271 Balance, end of period $ 1,481 $ 1,146 $ 6,729 $ 10,430 $ 609 $ 254 $ 20,649 Unfunded Commitments Balance, beginning of period $ 227 $ 4 $ 14 $ 305 $ 24 $ 2 $ 576 Provision (credit) for credit losses (69 ) - (6 ) (25 ) (13 ) 1 (112 ) Balance, end of period $ 158 $ 4 $ 8 $ 280 $ 11 $ 3 $ 464 Total Allowance for Credit Losses $ 1,639 $ 1,150 $ 6,737 $ 10,710 $ 620 $ 257 $ 21,113 Construction & Development 1 - 4 Family Real Estate Commercial Real Estate - Other Commercial & Industrial Agricultural Consumer Total September 30 2022 Balance, beginning of period $ 1,792 $ 649 $ 3,216 $ 4,449 $ 558 $ 155 $ 10,819 Charge-offs - - - - - (19 ) (19 ) Recoveries - - - - - 5 5 Net (charge-offs) recoveries - - - - - (14 ) (14 ) Provision (credit) for credit losses 466 150 746 829 137 20 2,348 Balance, end of period $ 2,258 $ 799 $ 3,962 $ 5,278 $ 695 $ 161 $ 13,153 The following table presents, by portfolio segment, the activity in the allowance for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollars in thousands): Construction & Development 1 - 4 Family Real Estate Commercial Real Estate - Other Commercial & Industrial Agricultural Consumer Total September 30, 2023 Loans Balance, beginning of period $ 1,889 $ 890 $ 5,080 $ 5,937 $ 765 $ 173 $ 14,734 Impact of CECL adoption 44 (138 ) (168 ) 716 (149 ) (55 ) 250 Charge-offs - - - - (7 ) (16 ) (23 ) Recoveries - - - - 2 5 7 Net (charge-offs) recoveries - - - - (5 ) (11 ) (16 ) Provision (credit) for credit losses (452 ) 394 1,817 3,777 (2 ) 147 5,681 Balance, end of period $ 1,481 $ 1,146 $ 6,729 $ 10,430 $ 609 $ 254 $ 20,649 Unfunded Commitments Balance, beginning of period $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Impact of CECL adoption 171 4 24 274 25 2 500 Provision (credit) for credit losses (13 ) - (16 ) 6 (14 ) 1 (36 ) Balance, end of period $ 158 $ 4 $ 8 $ 280 $ 11 $ 3 $ 464 Total Allowance for Credit Losses $ 1,639 $ 1,150 $ 6,737 $ 10,710 $ 620 $ 257 $ 21,113 Construction & Development 1 - 4 Family Real Estate Commercial Real Estate - Other Commercial & Industrial Agricultural Consumer Total September 30, 2022 Balance, beginning of period $ 1,695 $ 630 $ 3,399 $ 3,621 $ 730 $ 241 $ 10,316 Charge-offs - - - - - (20 ) (20 ) Recoveries - - - - - 14 14 Net (charge-offs) recoveries - - - - - (6 ) (6 ) Provision (credit) for credit losses 563 169 563 1,657 (35 ) (74 ) 2,843 Balance, end of period $ 2,258 $ 799 $ 3,962 $ 5,278 $ 695 $ 161 $ 13,153 Internal Risk Categories Each loan segment is made up of loan categories possessing similar risk characteristics. Risk characteristics applicable to each segment of the loan portfolio are described as follows: Real Estate – The real estate loan portfolio consists of loans made to finance both residential and commercial properties. Credit risk in these loans can be impacted by economic conditions within the Company’s market areas that might impact either property values or a borrower’s ability to repay. Commercial real estate loans typically involve larger principal amounts and are repaid primarily from the cash flow of a borrower’s principal business operation, the sale of the real estate, and in some cases from income that is independent from the real estate asset itself. Commercial & Industrial – The commercial portfolio includes loans to commercial customers for use in financing working capital needs, equipment purchases and expansions. The loans in this category are repaid primarily from the cash flow of a borrower’s principal business operation. Credit risk in these loans is driven by creditworthiness of a borrower and the economic conditions that impact the cash flow stability from business operations. Agricultural – Loans secured by agricultural assets are generally made for the purpose of acquiring land devoted to crop production, and various animals that are eventually harvested and sold, and typically housed on the underlying secured property. Credit risk in these loans may be impacted by crop and commodity prices, the creditworthiness of a borrower, and changes in economic conditions which might affect underlying property values and the local economies in the Company’s market areas. Consumer – The consumer loan portfolio consists of various term and line of credit loans such as automobile loans and loans for other personal purposes. Residential loans in this category are generally secured by owner occupied 1–4 family residences. Repayment for these types of loans will come from a borrower’s income sources that are typically independent of the loan purpose. Credit risk is driven by consumer economic factors, such as unemployment and general economic conditions in the Company’s market area and the creditworthiness of a borrower. Loan grades are numbered 1 through 4. Grade 1 is considered satisfactory. The grades of 2 and 3, or Watch and Special Mention, respectively, represent loans of lower quality and are considered criticized. Grade of 4, or Substandard, refers to loans that are classified. • Grade 1 (Pass) • Grade 2 (Watch) – These loans are still considered “Pass” credits; however, various factors such as industry stress, material changes in cash flow or financial conditions, or deficiencies in loan documentation, or other risk issues determined by the Lending Officer, Commercial Loan Committee (CLC), or Credit Quality Committee (CQC) warrant a heightened sense and frequency of monitoring. • Grade 3 (Special Mention) – These loans must have observable weaknesses or evidence of imprudent handling or structural issues. The weaknesses require close attention and the remediation of those weaknesses is necessary. No risk of probable loss exists. Credits in this category are expected to quickly migrate to a “2” or a “4” as this is viewed as a transitory loan grade. • Grade 4 (Substandard) – These loans are not adequately protected by the sound worth and debt service capacity of the borrower, but may be well secured. They have defined weaknesses relative to cash flow, collateral, financial condition, or other factors that might jeopardize repayment of all of the principal and interest on a timely basis. There is the possibility that a future loss will occur if weaknesses are not remediated. The Company evaluates the definitions of loan grades and the allowance for credit losses methodology on an ongoing basis. No changes were made to either during the period ended September 30, 2023. The following table presents the amortized cost of the Company’s loan portfolio with the gross charge-offs for the months ended by year of origination based on internal rating category as of September (dollars in s): As of September 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total Construction & development Grade 1 (Pass) $ 26,403 $ 10,300 $ 4,857 $ 214 $ 104 $ 46 $ 96,336 $ 138,260 2 (Watch) - - - - - - - - 3 (Special Mention) 563 - - - - - 230 793 4 (Substandard) - - - - - - - - Total construction & development 26,966 10,300 4,857 214 104 46 96,566 139,053 Current-period gross charge-offs - - - - - - - - 1 - 4 family real estate Grade 1 (Pass) 31,511 27,605 14,110 4,540 1,847 1,141 10,786 91,540 2 (Watch) - - - - - - - - 3 (Special Mention) - - - - - - - - 4 (Substandard) - - - - - - - - Total 1 - 4 family real estate 31,511 27,605 14,110 4,540 1,847 1,141 10,786 91,540 Current-period gross charge-offs - - - - - - - - Commercial real estate - other Grade 1 (Pass) 147,441 159,184 36,185 42,601 3,657 4,139 107,802 501,009 2 (Watch) - - - - - - - - 3 (Special Mention) 14,738 - - - - 1,094 - 15,832 4 (Substandard) - - - - - 134 - 134 Total commercial real estate - other 162,179 159,184 36,185 42,601 3,657 5,367 107,802 516,975 Current-period gross charge-offs - - - - - - - - Commercial and industrial Grade 1 (Pass) 142,077 68,443 41,428 3,129 1,849 4,130 242,714 503,770 2 (Watch) - - - - - - - - 3 (Special Mention) 10,452 - - - - - 1,333 11,785 4 (Substandard) 42,744 7,963 112 12 - - 2,298 53,129 Total commercial and industrial 195,273 76,406 41,540 3,141 1,849 4,130 246,345 568,684 Current-period gross charge-offs - - - - - - - - Agriculural Grade 1 (Pass) 5,993 6,291 24,893 4,535 1,109 1,300 20,460 64,581 2 (Watch) 56 51 - - - - - 107 3 (Special Mention) - - - - - - - - 4 (Substandard) - - - - - - - - Total agriculural 6,049 6,342 24,893 4,535 1,109 1,300 20,460 64,688 Current-period gross charge-offs - 7 - - - - - 7 Consumer Grade 1 (Pass) 3,649 1,988 2,799 2,900 705 1,934 938 14,913 2 (Watch) - - - - - - - - 3 (Special Mention) - - - - - - - - 4 (Substandard) - - - - - 80 - 80 Total consumer 3,649 1,988 2,799 2,900 705 2,014 938 14,993 Current-period gross charge-offs 11 - - - 5 - - 16 Total loans held for investment $ 425,627 $ 281,825 $ 124,384 $ 57,931 $ 9,271 $ 13,998 $ 482,897 $ 1,395,933 Total current-period gross charge-offs $ 11 $ 7 $ - $ - $ 5 $ - $ - $ 23 The following table presents the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio based on internal rating category, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands): Construction & Development 1 - 4 Family Real Estate Commercial Real Estate - Other Commercial & Industrial Agricultural Consumer Total December 31, 2022 Grade 1 (Pass) $ 163,203 $ 76,928 $ 397,295 $ 493,412 $ 65,857 $ 14,927 $ 1,211,622 2 (Watch) - - 14,976 - 288 - 15,264 3 (Special Mention) - - 24,747 584 - - 25,331 4 (Substandard) - - 1,983 19,015 - 22 21,020 Total $ 163,203 $ 76,928 $ 439,001 $ 513,011 $ 66,145 $ 14,949 $ 1,273,237 Aged Analysis of Past Due Loans Receivable The following table presents the Company’s loan portfolio aging analysis of the recorded investment in loans as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands): Past Due Total Loans 30–59 Days 60–89 Days Greater than 90 Days Total Current Total Loans > 90 Days & Accruing September 30, 2023 Construction & development $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 139,053 $ 139,053 $ - 1 - 4 family real estate - - - - 91,540 91,540 - Commercial real estate - other 134 - - 134 516,841 516,975 - Commercial & industrial (1) 58 - 9,776 9,834 558,850 568,684 9,776 Agricultural - - - - 64,688 64,688 - Consumer 123 - 80 203 14,790 14,993 80 Total $ 315 $ - $ 9,856 $ 10,171 $ 1,385,762 $ 1,395,933 $ 9,856 December 31, 2022 Construction & development $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 163,203 $ 163,203 $ - 1 - 4 family real estate - - - - 76,928 76,928 - Commercial real estate - other - 617 - 617 438,384 439,001 - Commercial & industrial (1) 21 - 9,923 9,944 503,067 513,011 9,923 Agricultural 4 - - 4 66,141 66,145 - Consumer 291 82 22 395 14,554 14,949 18 Total $ 316 $ 699 $ 9,945 $ 10,960 $ 1,262,277 $ 1,273,237 $ 9,941 (1) The $9.78 million and $9.92 million that is greater than 90 days past due as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, consists of a single borrower that is well collateralized and for which collection is being diligently pursued. Nonaccrual Loans The following table presents information regarding nonaccrual loans as of September (dollars in s): Recorded Recorded Amortized Investment Investment Total Interest Cost with No with an Recorded Related Income Basis Allowance Allowance Investment Allowance Recognized September Construction & development $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - 1 - Family Real Estate - - - - - - Commercial Real Estate - other 134 134 - 134 - 16 Commercial & industrial 41,109 14,378 26,731 41,109 3,115 2,609 Agricultural - - - - - - Consumer - - - - - - Total $ 41,243 $ 14,512 $ 26,731 $ 41,243 $ 3,115 $ 2,625 The following table presents impaired loans, prior to the adoption of ASU - as of December (dollars in s): Recorded Recorded Unpaid Investment Investment Total Average Interest Principal with No with an Recorded Related Recorded Income Balance Allowance Allowance Investment Allowance Investment Recognized December Construction & development $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 21 $ - 1 - Family Real Estate - - - - - - - Commercial Real Estate - other 2,808 1,983 - 1,983 - 11,749 141 Commercial & industrial 19,882 18,882 133 19,015 133 11,773 1,214 Agricultural - - - - - 14 - Consumer 31 22 - 22 - 27 - Total $ 22,721 $ 20,887 $ 133 $ 21,020 $ 133 $ 23,584 $ 1,355 Collateral Dependent Loans A loan is considered collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. During the months ended September no material amount of interest income was recognized on collateral-dependent loans subsequent to their classification as collateral-dependent. At a minimum, the estimated value of the collateral for loan equals the current book value. The following table summarizes collateral-dependent gross loans held for investment by collateral type and the related specific allocation as follows (dollars in s): Collateral Type Business Specific Real Estate Assets Other Assets Total Allocation September 30, Construction & development $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - 1 - Family Real Estate - - - - - Commercial Real Estate - other 134 - - 134 - Commercial & industrial - 43,237 9,776 53,013 3,000 Agricultural - - - - - Consumer - - 80 80 - Total $ 134 $ 43,237 $ 9,856 $ 53,227 $ 3,000 Loan Modifications to Troubled Borrowers As part of the Company’s ongoing risk management practices, the Company attempts to work with borrowers when necessary to extend or modify loan terms to better align with their current ability to repay. Modifications could include extension of the maturity date, reductions of the interest rate, reduction or forgiveness of accrued interest, or principal forgiveness. Combinations of these modifications may also be made for individual loans. Extensions and modifications to loans are made in accordance with internal policies and guidelines which conform to regulatory guidance. Principal reductions may be made in limited circumstances, typically for specific commercial loan workouts, and in the event of borrower bankruptcy. Each occurrence is unique to the borrower and is evaluated separately. Troubled loans are considered those in which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty can be subjective in nature and management’s judgment may be required in making this determination. The Company may determine that a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty if the borrower is currently in default on any of its debt, or if it is probable that a borrower may default in the foreseeable future absent a modification. Many aspects of a borrower’s financial situation are assessed when determining whether they are experiencing financial difficulty. Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty The following tables present the amortized cost basis at the end of the reporting period of loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, disaggregated by class of financing receivable and type of modification made, as well as the financial effect of the modifications made as of September 30, : Term Extension and Payment Deferral Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class Financial Effect Sep tember 30, Construction & development $ - - % 1 - Family Real Estate - - Commercial Real Estate - other - - Commercial & industrial 26,615 4.6 Extended the maturity of loan by four months, and payment of principal and interest deferred until the sale of collateral Agricultural - - Consumer - - Total $ 26,615 4.6 % The Company closely monitors the performance of the loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table depicts the performance of loans that have been modified in the last 12 months: Current 30 - Days Past Due 90 + Days Past Due Non-Accruing September 30, Construction & development $ - $ - $ - $ - 1 - Family Real Estate - - - - Commercial Real Estate - other - - - - Commercial & industrial - - - 26,615 Agricultural - - - - Consumer - - - - Total $ - $ - $ - $ 26,615 Troubled Debt Restructurings (Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02) Impaired loans included nonperforming loans and also included loans modified in troubled-debt restructurings where concessions had been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions could include a reduction in interest rate on the loan, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions intended to maximize collection. Included in certain loan categories in the impaired loans were troubled debt restructurings that were classified as impaired. At December 31, 2022, the Company had $1.2 million of commercial real estate loans. There were no newly modified troubled-debt restructurings during the As of December 31, 2022, there were no troubled-debt restructurings modified and subsequently defaulted for the year ended December 31, 2022. The following table represents information regarding nonperforming assets at December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands): Construction & Development 1 - 4 Family Real Estate Commercial Real Estate - Other Commercial & Industrial Agricultural Consumer Total December 31, 2022 Nonaccrual loans $ - $ - $ 1,348 $ 6,686 $ - $ 5 $ 8,039 Troubled-debt restructurings (1) - - - - - - - Accruing loans 90 or more days past due - - - 9,923 - 18 9,941 Total nonperforming loans $ - $ - $ 1,348 $ 16,609 $ - $ 23 $ 17,980 (1) $1.2 million of TDRs as of December 31, 2022, are included in the nonaccrual loans balance. |