Allowance for Credit Losses | Allowance for Credit Losses The ACL is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for estimated expected credit losses within the loan portfolio over the contractual life of an instrument that considers our historical loss experience, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions as of the balance sheet date. Management’s periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the ACL is based on known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. This evaluation is subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revisions as more information becomes available. Roll-Forward of ACL by Portfolio Segment The following tables provide the activity of our allowance for credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 under the CECL model in accordance with ASC 326 (as adopted on January 1, 2023): Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses Ending balance Commercial mortgage $ 3,249 $ — $ — $ 916 $ 4,165 Home equity lines and loans 790 2 153 945 Residential mortgage 1,047 — — 157 1,204 Construction 1,294 — — (453) 841 Commercial and industrial 2,241 (130) 1 267 2,379 Small business loans 6,868 (272) 1 (511) 6,086 Consumer — (1) 1 — — Leases 4,753 (606) 90 (174) 4,063 Total $ 20,242 $ (1,009) $ 95 $ 355 $ 19,683 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance, prior to adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 for CECL Adjustment to initially apply ASU No. 2016-13 for CECL Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses Ending balance Commercial mortgage $ 4,095 $ (526) $ — $ — $ 596 $ 4,165 Home equity lines and loans 188 439 (87) 5 400 945 Residential mortgage 948 17 — — 239 1,204 Construction 3,075 (1,763) — — (471) 841 Commercial and industrial 4,012 (1,023) (130) 57 (537) 2,379 Small business loans 4,909 1,110 (598) 1 664 6,086 Consumer 3 (3) (1) 3 (2) — Leases 1,598 3,345 (2,845) 242 1,723 4,063 Total $ 18,828 $ 1,596 $ (3,661) $ 308 $ 2,612 $ 19,683 The following tables provide the activity of the allowance for loan and lease losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 under the incurred loss model: Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (Reversal) Ending balance Commercial mortgage $ 4,327 $ — $ — $ (238) $ 4,089 Home equity lines and loans 240 (12) 34 (25) 237 Residential mortgage 489 — — 217 706 Construction 2,481 — — 378 2,859 Commercial and industrial 6,287 — 39 (657) 5,669 Small business loans 3,681 — — 319 4,000 Consumer 3 — 1 (1) 3 Leases 1,297 (419) — 533 1,411 Total $ 18,805 $ (431) $ 74 $ 526 $ 18,974 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (Reversal) Ending balance Commercial mortgage $ 4,950 $ — $ — $ (861) $ 4,089 Home equity lines and loans 224 (12) 42 (17) 237 Residential mortgage 283 — 2 421 706 Construction 2,042 — — 817 2,859 Commercial and industrial 6,533 — 58 (922) 5,669 Small business loans 3,737 — — 263 4,000 Consumer 3 — 3 (3) 3 Leases 986 (1,682) 62 2,045 1,411 Total $ 18,758 $ (1,694) $ 167 $ 1,743 $ 18,974 Reconciliation of Provision for Credit Losses The following table provides a reconciliation of the provision for credit losses on the consolidated statements of income between the funded and unfunded components at the dates indicated: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended (dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Provision for credit losses - funded $ 355 $ 526 $ 2,612 $ 1,743 Recovery of provision for credit losses - unfunded (273) — (426) — Total provision for credit losses $ 82 $ 526 $ 2,186 $ 1,743 Allowance Allocated by Portfolio Segment The following tables detail the allocation of the ACL and the carrying value for loans and leases by portfolio segment based on the methodology used to evaluate the loans and leases at the dates indicated: September 30, 2023 Allowance for credit losses Carrying value of loans and leases (dollars in thousands) Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total Commercial mortgage $ — $ 4,165 $ 4,165 $ — $ 696,124 $ 696,124 Home equity lines and loans — 945 945 929 72,915 73,844 Residential mortgage — 1,204 1,204 2,164 240,948 243,112 Construction — 841 841 1,206 275,384 276,590 Commercial and industrial 1,145 1,234 2,379 15,575 284,286 299,861 Small business loans 1,393 4,693 6,086 7,237 134,028 141,265 Consumer — — — — 434 434 Leases, net — 4,063 4,063 1,067 137,896 138,963 Total (1) $ 2,538 $ 17,145 $ 19,683 $ 28,178 $ 1,842,015 $ 1,870,193 ( 1) Excludes deferred fees and loans carried at fair value. The following table details the pre-CECL allocation of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the carrying value for loans and leases by portfolio segment based on the methodology used to evaluate the loans and leases for impairment at the dates indicated: December 31, 2022 Allowance on loans and leases Carrying value of loans and leases (dollars in thousands) Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total Commercial mortgage $ — $ 4,095 $ 4,095 $ 2,445 $ 562,955 $ 565,400 Home equity lines and loans — 188 188 1,097 58,302 59,399 Residential mortgage — 948 948 1,454 205,881 207,335 Construction — 3,075 3,075 1,206 270,749 271,955 Commercial and industrial 776 3,236 4,012 12,547 328,831 341,378 Small business loans 1,449 3,460 4,909 4,527 131,628 136,155 Consumer — 3 3 — 488 488 Leases, net — 1,598 1,598 902 138,084 138,986 Total (1) $ 2,225 $ 16,603 $ 18,828 $ 24,178 $ 1,696,918 $ 1,721,096 ( 1) Excludes deferred fees and loans carried at fair value. Credit Quality Indicators As part of the process of determining the ACL to the different segments of the loan and lease portfolio, Management considers certain credit quality indicators. For the commercial mortgage, construction and commercial and industrial loan segments, periodic reviews of the individual loans are performed by Management. The results of these reviews are reflected in the risk grade assigned to each loan. These internally assigned grades are as follows: • Pass – Loans considered to be satisfactory with no indications of deterioration. • Special mention – Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves Management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date. • Substandard – Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and payment capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. • Doubtful – Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loan balances classified as doubtful have been reduced by partial charge-offs and are carried at their net realizable values. The following tables detail the carrying value of loans and leases by portfolio segment based on the credit quality indicators used to determine the allowance for credit losses at the dates indicated: September 30, 2023 Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Revolving Loans Total Term Loans 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Commercial mortgage Pass/Watch $ 82,314 $ 137,909 $ 161,963 $ 96,103 $ 51,149 $ 136,069 $ 511 $ 426 $ 666,444 Special Mention — 4,625 — — 9,291 10,060 667 — 24,643 Substandard 200 — 574 — 1,648 2,287 — 328 5,037 Total $ 82,514 $ 142,534 $ 162,537 $ 96,103 $ 62,088 $ 148,416 $ 1,178 $ 754 $ 696,124 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction Pass/Watch $ 53,495 $ 101,776 $ 29,115 $ 47,458 $ 4,548 $ 2,120 $ 123 $ 24,083 $ 262,718 Special Mention — — 1,084 — 511 8,934 — 2,137 12,666 Substandard — — — — — 1,206 — — 1,206 Total $ 53,495 $ 101,776 $ 30,199 $ 47,458 $ 5,059 $ 12,260 $ 123 $ 26,220 $ 276,590 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial Pass/Watch $ 18,566 $ 35,631 $ 26,734 $ 8,891 $ 4,579 $ 37,658 $ — $ 126,466 $ 258,525 Special Mention 1,000 4,766 — — — 1,665 — 2,816 10,247 Substandard — — 2,906 — 300 9,730 — 18,153 31,089 Total $ 19,566 $ 40,397 $ 29,640 $ 8,891 $ 4,879 $ 49,053 $ — $ 147,435 $ 299,861 Current period gross charge-offs $ (73) $ (55) $ — $ (2) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ (130) Small business loans Pass/Watch $ 39,356 $ 19,977 $ 39,053 $ 13,148 $ 6,996 $ 1,018 $ — $ 13,102 $ 132,650 Special Mention — — — — — — — 100 100 Substandard — 673 5,038 1,914 890 — — — 8,515 Total $ 39,356 $ 20,650 $ 44,091 $ 15,062 $ 7,886 $ 1,018 $ — $ 13,202 $ 141,265 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ (411) $ (187) $ — $ — $ — $ (598) Total by risk rating Pass/Watch $ 193,731 $ 295,293 $ 256,865 $ 165,600 $ 67,272 $ 176,865 $ 634 $ 164,077 $ 1,320,337 Special Mention 1,000 9,391 1,084 — 9,802 20,659 667 5,053 47,656 Substandard 200 673 8,518 1,914 2,838 13,223 — 18,481 45,847 Total $ 194,931 $ 305,357 $ 266,467 $ 167,514 $ 79,912 $ 210,747 $ 1,301 $ 187,611 $ 1,413,840 Total current period gross charge-offs $ (73) $ (55) $ — $ (413) $ (187) $ — $ — $ — $ (728) The Corporation had no loans with a risk rating of Doubtful included within recorded investment in loans and leases held for investment at September 30, 2023. In addition to credit quality indicators as shown in the above tables, allowance allocations for residential mortgages, consumer loans and leases are also applied based on their performance status at the dates indicated: September 30, 2023 Revolving Loans Total Term Loans 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Home equity lines and loans Performing $ 52 $ 801 $ 318 $ 359 $ 2,289 $ 2,375 $ 66,721 $ 72,915 Nonperforming — — — — — — 929 929 Total $ 52 $ 801 $ 318 $ 359 $ 2,289 $ 2,375 $ 67,650 $ 73,844 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ (54) $ — $ (33) $ — $ (87) Residential mortgage (1) Performing $ 42,601 $ 157,600 $ 21,967 $ 7,353 $ 461 $ 11,408 $ — $ 241,390 Nonperforming — — — — 1,722 — 1,722 Total $ 42,601 $ 157,600 $ 21,967 $ 7,353 $ 461 $ 13,130 $ — $ 243,112 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Consumer Performing $ 41 $ 35 $ — $ — $ 34 $ 248 $ 76 $ 434 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — Total $ 41 $ 35 $ — $ — $ 34 $ 248 $ 76 $ 434 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ (1) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ (1) Leases, net Performing $ 25,583 $ 64,581 $ 35,930 $ 11,802 $ — $ — $ — $ 137,896 Nonperforming — 499 385 183 — — — 1,067 Total $ 25,583 $ 65,080 $ 36,315 $ 11,985 $ — $ — $ — $ 138,963 Current period gross charge-offs $ (3) $ (1,438) $ (1,268) $ (136) $ — $ — $ — $ (2,845) Total by Payment Performance Performing $ 68,277 $ 223,017 $ 58,215 $ 19,514 $ 2,784 $ 14,031 $ 66,797 $ 452,635 Nonperforming — 499 385 183 — 1,722 929 3,718 Total $ 68,277 $ 223,516 $ 58,600 $ 19,697 $ 2,784 $ 15,753 $ 67,726 $ 456,353 Total current period gross charge-offs $ (3) $ (1,439) $ (1,268) $ (190) $ — $ (33) $ — $ (2,933) (1) Excludes $14,403 of loans at fair value. Commercial and industrial loans classified as substandard totaled $31.1 million as of September 30, 2023, a decrease of $8.2 million, from $39.3 million as of December 31, 2022. This decrease was the result of the payoff of one credit in the amount of $3 million, combined with the upgrade of several loan relationships that make up the remainder of the decrease. The majority of commercial and industrial substandard loans is comprised of 15 different loan relationships with no specific industry concentration and an $11.0 million commercial loan relationship in the advertising industry that became a non-performing loan relationship late in 2021. December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Pass Special Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial mortgage $ 536,705 $ 25,309 $ 3,386 $ — $ 565,400 Home equity lines and loans 57,822 — 1,577 — 59,399 Construction 260,085 11,870 — — 271,955 Commercial and industrial 295,502 6,587 39,289 — 341,378 Small business loans 131,690 — 4,465 — 136,155 Total $ 1,281,804 $ 43,766 $ 48,717 $ — $ 1,374,287 In addition to credit quality indicators as shown in the above tables, allowance allocations for residential mortgages, consumer loans and leases are also applied based on their performance status at the dates indicated: December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Performing Non- Total Residential mortgage (1) $ 205,881 $ 1,454 $ 207,335 Consumer 488 — 488 Leases, net 138,084 902 138,986 Total $ 344,453 $ 2,356 $ 346,809 (1) There were four nonperforming residential mortgage loans at September 30, 2023 and four nonperforming residential mortgage loans at December 31, 2022 with a combined outstanding principal balance of $550 thousand and $558 thousand, respectively, which were carried at fair value and not included in the table above. Impaired Loans The following table details the recorded investment and principal balance of impaired loans by portfolio segment, their related Allowance and interest income recognized at the dates indicated. December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Recorded investment Principal balance Related allowance Impaired loans with related allowance: Commercial and industrial $ 11,099 $ 12,095 $ 776 Small business loans 3,730 3,730 1,449 Total $ 14,829 $ 15,825 $ 2,225 Impaired loans without related allowance: Commercial mortgage $ 2,445 $ 2,456 $ — Commercial and industrial 1,448 1,494 — Small business loans 797 797 — Home equity lines and loans 1,097 1,097 — Residential mortgage 1,454 1,454 — Construction 1,206 1,206 — Leases 902 902 — Total 9,349 9,406 — Grand Total $ 24,178 $ 25,231 $ 2,225 The following table details the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on individually evaluated loans by portfolio segment. Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended (dollars in thousands) Average recorded investment Interest income recognized Average recorded investment Interest income recognized Individually evaluated loans with related allowance: Commercial and industrial $ 16,195 $ — $ 16,363 $ — Small business loans 666 — 666 — Total $ 16,861 $ — $ 17,029 $ — Individually evaluated loans without related allowance: Commercial mortgage 4,212 29 4,257 77 Commercial and industrial 286 — 293 — Small business loans 819 2 835 7 Home equity lines and loans 878 15 878 39 Residential mortgage 1,468 22 1,478 190 Construction 1,206 20 1,206 51 Leases 500 — 510 — Total $ 9,369 $ 88 $ 9,457 $ 364 Grand Total $ 26,230 $ 88 $ 26,486 $ 364 Troubled Debt Restructuring As result of the adoption of guidance related to CECL effective as of January 1, 2023, the Corporation had no reportable balances related to TDRs as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. See Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for additional information. The following table presents information about TDRs at the dates indicated: (dollars in thousands) December 31, TDRs included in nonperforming loans and leases $ 207 TDRs in compliance with modified terms 3,573 Total TDRs $ 3,780 There was 1 new modification on a commercial mortgage for $684 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2022. Total TDRs declined year-over-year, despite the new modification in 2022, as two TDRs from prior to 2021 totaling $563 thousand paid off in 2022. No modifications granted during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 subsequently defaulted during the same time period. Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty An assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of a modification. Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the ACL on loans and leases, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. However, when principal forgiveness is provided, the amortized cost basis of the asset is written off against the ACL on loans and leases. The amount of the principal forgiveness is deemed to be uncollectible; therefore, that portion of the loan is written off, resulting in a reduction of the amortized cost basis and a corresponding adjustment to the allowance for credit losses. The following presents, by class of loans, information regarding accruing and nonaccrual modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Number of Loans Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Related Reserve (dollars in thousands) Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 3 $ 1,517 1.1% $ — Total 3 $ 1,517 $ — Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 2 $ 306 0.2% $ 77 Total 2 $ 306 $ 77 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Number of Loans Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Related Reserve (dollars in thousands) Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 3 $ 1,517 1.1% $ — Commercial & industrial 1 2,407 0.8% — Total 4 $ 3,924 $ — Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 2 $ 306 0.2% $ 77 Commercial & industrial 1 1,406 0.5% 422 Total 3 $ 1,712 $ 499 The following presents, by class of loans, information regarding accruing and nonaccrual modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Number of Loans Financial Effect Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 3 Extend maturity date Commercial & industrial 1 Extend maturity date Total 4 Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 2 Extend term and allow additional lender funding Commercial & industrial 1 Extend term and allow additional lender funding Total 3 |