Allowance for Credit Losses | Allowance for Credit Losses The ACL is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for estimated expected credit losses within the loan portfolio over the contractual life of an instrument that considers our historical loss experience, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions as of the balance sheet date. Management’s periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the ACL is based on known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. This evaluation is subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revisions as more information becomes available. Roll-Forward of ACL by Portfolio Segment The following tables provide the activity of our allowance for credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023 under the CECL model in accordance with ASC 326 (as adopted on January 1, 2023): Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 (dollars in thousands) Beginning balance Initial PCD on purchased loan Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses Ending balance Commercial mortgage $ 3,676 $ — $ — $ — $ (33) $ 3,643 Home equity lines and loans 1,114 — — 1 (10) 1,105 Residential mortgage 1,059 — — — (78) 981 Construction 591 — — — (12) 579 Commercial and industrial (1) 4,811 574 (107) — 601 5,879 Small business loans 7,498 — (1,104) 41 732 7,167 Consumer — — (2) 1 1 — Leases, net 2,954 — (1,227) 109 775 2,611 Total $ 21,703 $ 574 $ (2,440) $ 152 $ 1,976 $ 21,965 (1) - Meridian repurchased, at a discount of $574 thousand, the remaining balance of a commercial loan participation to another bank. The discount was recorded as a PCD loan in the ACL rollforward as presented above. As noted above, on July 17, 2024 Meridian repurchased, at a discount of $574 thousand, the remaining balance of a commercial loan participation to another bank. At the time of purchase the determination was made that this loan had experienced more than insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination. The impact of this loan repurchase increased the balance of non-performing loans by $2.1 million and also increased the ACL by $574 thousand as this loan is classified as a PCD loan. This initial measurement of expected credit losses on a PCD loan has no impact on net income. Subsequent changes to the ACL on a PCD loan would be recognized through a provision for credit losses on the statement of income. Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 (dollars in thousands) Beginning balance Initial PCD on purchased loan Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses Ending balance Commercial mortgage $ 4,375 $ — $ — $ — $ (732) $ 3,643 Home equity lines and loans 998 — (86) 29 164 1,105 Residential mortgage 1,020 — — — (39) 981 Construction 485 — — — 94 579 Commercial and industrial 4,518 574 (1,935) 2 2,720 5,879 Small business loans 7,005 — (2,583) 108 2,637 7,167 Consumer — — (3) 3 — — Leases, net 3,706 — (4,629) 382 3,152 2,611 Total $ 22,107 $ 574 $ (9,236) $ 524 $ 7,996 $ 21,965 Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses Ending balance Commercial mortgage $ 3,249 $ — $ — $ 916 $ 4,165 Home equity lines and loans 790 — 2 153 945 Residential mortgage 1,047 — — 157 1,204 Construction 1,294 — — (453) 841 Commercial and industrial 2,241 (130) 1 267 2,379 Small business loans 6,869 (272) 1 (511) 6,086 Consumer — (1) 1 — — Leases, net 4,753 (606) 90 (174) 4,063 Total $ 20,242 $ (1,009) $ 95 $ 355 $ 19,683 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands) Beginning Balance Adjustment to initially apply ASU No. 2016-13 for CECL Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (Reversal) Ending balance Commercial mortgage $ 4,095 $ (526) $ — $ — $ 596 $ 4,165 Home equity lines and loans 188 439 (87) 5 400 945 Residential mortgage 948 17 — — 239 1,204 Construction 3,075 (1,763) — — (471) 841 Commercial and industrial 4,012 (1,023) (130) 57 (537) 2,379 Small business loans 4,909 1,110 (598) 1 664 6,086 Consumer 3 (3) (1) 3 (2) — Leases, net 1,598 3,345 (2,845) 242 1,723 4,063 Total $ 18,828 $ 1,596 $ (3,661) $ 308 $ 2,612 $ 19,683 Reconciliation of Provision for Credit Losses The following table provides a reconciliation of the provision for credit losses on the consolidated statements of income between the funded and unfunded components at the dates indicated: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended (dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Provision for credit losses - funded loans $ 1,976 $ 355 $ 7,996 $ 2,612 Provision (recovery) for credit losses - unfunded loans 306 (273) (168) (426) Total provision for credit losses $ 2,282 $ 82 $ 7,828 $ 2,186 Allowance Allocated by Portfolio Segment The following tables detail the allocation of the ACL and the carrying value for loans and leases by portfolio segment based on the methodology used to evaluate the loans and leases at the dates indicated: September 30, 2024 Allowance for credit losses Carrying value of loans and leases (dollars in thousands) Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total Commercial mortgage $ — $ 3,643 $ 3,643 $ 851 $ 800,087 $ 800,938 Home equity lines and loans — 1,105 1,105 1,213 85,754 86,967 Residential mortgage 9 972 981 8,581 235,058 243,639 Construction — 579 579 3,305 247,247 250,552 Commercial and industrial 3,903 1,976 5,879 15,142 348,712 363,854 Small business loans 2,847 4,320 7,167 13,802 142,697 156,499 Consumer — — — — 342 342 Leases, net — 2,611 2,611 1,888 84,816 86,704 Total (1) $ 6,759 $ 15,206 $ 21,965 $ 44,782 $ 1,944,713 $ 1,989,495 ( 1) Excludes deferred fees and loans carried at fair value. December 31, 2023 Allowance for credit losses Carrying value of loans and leases (dollars in thousands) Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total Individually evaluated Collectively evaluated Total Commercial mortgage $ — $ 4,375 $ 4,375 $ — $ 737,863 $ 737,863 Home equity lines and loans — 998 998 1,037 75,250 76,287 Residential mortgage — 1,020 1,020 3,750 243,128 246,878 Construction — 485 485 1,206 245,234 246,440 Commercial and industrial 3,691 827 4,518 15,413 287,478 302,891 Small business loans 2,805 4,200 7,005 9,440 132,902 142,342 Consumer — — — — 389 389 Leases, net — 3,706 3,706 2,131 119,501 121,632 Total (1) $ 6,496 $ 15,611 $ 22,107 $ 32,977 $ 1,841,745 $ 1,874,722 ( 1) Excludes deferred fees and loans carried at fair value. Credit Quality Indicators As part of the process of determining the ACL to the different segments of the loan and lease portfolio, Management considers certain credit quality indicators. For the commercial mortgage, construction and commercial and industrial loan segments, periodic reviews of the individual loans are performed by Management. The results of these reviews are reflected in the risk grade assigned to each loan. These internally assigned grades are as follows: • Pass – Loans considered to be satisfactory with no indications of deterioration. • Special mention – Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves Management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date. • Substandard – Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and payment capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. • Doubtful – Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loan balances classified as doubtful have been reduced by partial charge-offs and are carried at their net realizable values. The following tables detail the carrying value of loans and leases by portfolio segment based on year of origination and the credit quality indicators used to determine the allowance for credit losses at the dates indicated: September 30, 2024 Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Revolving Loans Total Term Loans (dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Commercial mortgage Pass/Watch $ 92,898 $ 100,002 $ 159,003 $ 143,288 $ 97,750 $ 179,056 $ 511 $ 191 $ 772,699 Special Mention — — 11,355 — 4,354 7,960 667 — 24,336 Substandard — 200 — — 437 3,266 — — 3,903 Total $ 92,898 $ 100,202 $ 170,358 $ 143,288 $ 102,541 $ 190,282 $ 1,178 $ 191 $ 800,938 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction Pass/Watch $ 51,252 $ 67,740 $ 46,861 $ 13,892 $ 17,097 $ 8,611 $ 123 $ 34,226 $ 239,802 Special Mention 89 1,185 319 — — — — — 1,593 Substandard — — 959 1,419 631 2,608 — 3,540 9,157 Total $ 51,341 $ 68,925 $ 48,139 $ 15,311 $ 17,728 $ 11,219 $ 123 $ 37,766 $ 250,552 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial Pass/Watch $ 69,935 $ 25,251 $ 20,941 $ 20,751 $ 8,977 $ 23,484 $ — $ 155,987 $ 325,326 Special Mention — 850 2,641 — — 1,045 — 5,549 10,085 Substandard — — 3,869 2,331 — 10,116 — 12,127 28,443 Total $ 69,935 $ 26,101 $ 27,451 $ 23,082 $ 8,977 $ 34,645 $ — $ 173,663 $ 363,854 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ (607) $ — $ — $ — $ (1,324) $ — $ (4) $ (1,935) Small business loans Pass/Watch $ 28,917 $ 27,159 $ 25,859 $ 28,458 $ 9,709 $ 6,539 $ — $ 13,564 $ 140,205 Special Mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 1,301 1,441 7,957 3,657 — — 1,938 16,294 Total $ 28,917 $ 28,460 $ 27,300 $ 36,415 $ 13,366 $ 6,539 $ — $ 15,502 $ 156,499 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ (118) $ (1,551) $ (140) $ (182) $ — $ — $ (592) $ (2,583) Total by risk rating Pass/Watch $ 243,002 $ 220,152 $ 252,664 $ 206,389 $ 133,533 $ 217,690 $ 634 $ 203,968 $ 1,478,032 Special Mention 89 2,035 14,315 — 4,354 9,005 667 5,549 36,014 Substandard — 1,501 6,269 11,707 4,725 15,990 — 17,605 57,797 Total $ 243,091 $ 223,688 $ 273,248 $ 218,096 $ 142,612 $ 242,685 $ 1,301 $ 227,122 $ 1,571,843 Total year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ (725) $ (1,551) $ (140) $ (182) $ (1,324) $ — $ (596) $ (4,518) December 31, 2023 Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Revolving Loans Total Term Loans (dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Commercial mortgage Pass/Watch $ 106,341 $ 160,302 $ 158,647 $ 97,535 $ 56,382 $ 133,349 $ 511 $ 423 $ 713,490 Special Mention — — — 4,425 4,341 9,975 667 — 19,408 Substandard 200 — 571 — 1,635 2,233 — 326 4,965 Total $ 106,541 $ 160,302 $ 159,218 $ 101,960 $ 62,358 $ 145,557 $ 1,178 $ 749 $ 737,863 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction Pass/Watch $ 67,776 $ 88,737 $ 21,793 $ 27,336 $ 2,307 $ 2,093 $ 123 $ 25,976 $ 236,141 Special Mention — — 1,329 — 511 4,329 — 2,924 9,093 Substandard — — — — — 1,206 — — 1,206 Total $ 67,776 $ 88,737 $ 23,122 $ 27,336 $ 2,818 $ 7,628 $ 123 $ 28,900 $ 246,440 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial Pass/Watch $ 26,314 $ 38,748 $ 24,523 $ 8,449 $ 4,148 $ 33,726 $ — $ 131,304 $ 267,212 Special Mention 500 9 — — — 1,361 — 6,440 8,310 Substandard — — 2,906 — 300 9,469 — 14,694 27,369 Total $ 26,814 $ 38,757 $ 27,429 $ 8,449 $ 4,448 $ 44,556 $ — $ 152,438 $ 302,891 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ (209) $ (55) $ — $ (2) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ (266) Small business loans Pass/Watch $ 35,764 $ 26,621 $ 37,278 $ 11,687 $ 6,672 $ 920 $ — $ 12,507 $ 131,449 Special Mention — — — 909 — — — 314 1,223 Substandard 49 1,523 5,090 2,122 — — — 886 9,670 Total $ 35,813 $ 28,144 $ 42,368 $ 14,718 $ 6,672 $ 920 $ — $ 13,707 $ 142,342 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ (11) $ (912) $ — $ — $ (565) $ (1,488) Total by risk rating Pass/Watch $ 236,195 $ 314,408 $ 242,241 $ 145,007 $ 69,509 $ 170,088 $ 634 $ 170,210 $ 1,348,292 Special Mention 500 9 1,329 5,334 4,852 15,665 667 9,678 38,034 Substandard 249 1,523 8,567 2,122 1,935 12,908 — 15,906 43,210 Total $ 236,944 $ 315,940 $ 252,137 $ 152,463 $ 76,296 $ 198,661 $ 1,301 $ 195,794 $ 1,429,536 Total year-to-date gross charge-offs $ (209) $ (55) $ — $ (13) $ (912) $ — $ — $ (565) $ (1,754) The Corporation had no loans with a risk rating of Doubtful included within recorded investment in loans and leases held for investment at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. In addition to credit quality indicators as shown in the above tables, allowance allocations for residential mortgages, consumer loans and leases are also applied based on their year of origination and performance status at the dates indicated: September 30, 2024 Revolving Loans Total Term Loans (dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Home equity lines and loans Performing $ 564 $ 335 $ 771 $ 212 $ 335 $ 3,417 $ 79,640 $ 85,274 Nonperforming — 91 342 1,260 1,693 Total $ 564 $ 335 $ 771 $ 303 $ 335 $ 3,759 $ 80,900 $ 86,967 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ (86) $ (86) Residential mortgage (1) Performing $ 12,624 $ 47,201 $ 143,220 $ 17,481 $ 6,150 $ 8,382 $ — $ 235,058 Nonperforming 129 247 2,607 763 1,069 3,766 — 8,581 Total $ 12,753 $ 47,448 $ 145,827 $ 18,244 $ 7,219 $ 12,148 $ — $ 243,639 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Consumer Performing $ — $ 38 $ 25 $ — $ — $ 246 $ 33 $ 342 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ 38 $ 25 $ — $ — $ 246 $ 33 $ 342 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ (3) $ (3) Leases, net Performing $ 305 $ 17,524 $ 40,852 $ 20,496 $ 5,605 $ — $ — $ 84,782 Nonperforming — 232 1,158 383 149 — — 1,922 Total $ 305 $ 17,756 $ 42,010 $ 20,879 $ 5,754 $ — $ — $ 86,704 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ (713) $ (2,865) $ (842) $ (209) $ — $ — $ (4,629) Total by Payment Performance Performing $ 13,493 $ 65,098 $ 184,868 $ 38,189 $ 12,090 $ 12,045 $ 79,673 $ 405,456 Nonperforming 129 479 3,765 1,237 1,218 4,108 1,260 12,196 Total $ 13,622 $ 65,577 $ 188,633 $ 39,426 $ 13,308 $ 16,153 $ 80,933 $ 417,652 Total year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ (713) $ (2,865) $ (842) $ (209) $ — $ (89) $ (4,718) (1) Excludes $14.0 million of loans at fair value. December 31, 2023 Revolving Loans Total Term Loans (dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Home equity lines and loans Performing $ 343 $ 795 $ 314 $ 352 $ 2,191 $ 2,295 $ 68,600 $ 74,890 Nonperforming — — — — — — 1,397 1,397 Total $ 343 $ 795 $ 314 $ 352 $ 2,191 $ 2,295 $ 69,997 $ 76,287 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ (33) $ — $ (54) $ (87) Residential mortgage (1) Performing $ 48,576 $ 154,219 $ 22,237 $ 6,260 $ 456 $ 11,380 $ — $ 243,128 Nonperforming — 1,350 — 1,043 — 1,357 — 3,750 Total $ 48,576 $ 155,569 $ 22,237 $ 7,303 $ 456 $ 12,737 $ — $ 246,878 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Consumer Performing $ 39 $ 35 $ — $ — $ 32 $ 234 $ 49 $ 389 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — Total $ 39 $ 35 $ — $ — $ 32 $ 234 $ 49 $ 389 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ (2) $ (2) Leases, net Performing $ 23,054 $ 55,940 $ 30,876 $ 9,718 $ — $ — $ — $ 119,588 Nonperforming 263 1,194 368 219 — — — 2,044 Total $ 23,317 $ 57,134 $ 31,244 $ 9,937 $ — $ — $ — $ 121,632 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ (128) $ (2,165) $ (1,450) $ (290) $ — $ — $ — $ (4,033) Total by Payment Performance Performing $ 72,012 $ 210,989 $ 53,427 $ 16,330 $ 2,679 $ 13,909 $ 68,649 $ 437,995 Nonperforming 263 2,544 368 1,262 — 1,357 1,397 7,191 Total $ 72,275 $ 213,533 $ 53,795 $ 17,592 $ 2,679 $ 15,266 $ 70,046 $ 445,186 Total year-to-date gross charge-offs $ (128) $ (2,165) $ (1,450) $ (290) $ (33) $ — $ (56) $ (4,122) (1) Excludes $13.7 million of fair value loans. Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty An assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of a modification. Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the ACL on loans and leases, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. However, when principal forgiveness is provided, the amortized cost basis of the asset is written off against the ACL on loans and leases. The amount of the principal forgiveness is deemed to be uncollectible; therefore, that portion of the loan is written off, resulting in a reduction of the amortized cost basis and a corresponding adjustment to the allowance for credit losses. The following presents, by class of loans, information regarding accruing and nonaccrual modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Number of Loans Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Related Reserve Number of Loans Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Related Reserve (dollars in thousands) Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 2 $ 557 0.4 % $ — 3 $ 1,517 1.1 % $ — Construction 1 319 0.1 % — — — — % — Total 3 $ 876 $ — 3 $ 1,517 $ — Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans — $ — — % $ — 2 $ 306 0.2 % $ 77 Total — $ — $ — 2 $ 306 $ 77 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Number of Loans Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Related Reserve Number of Loans Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Related Reserve (dollars in thousands) Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 5 $ 1,245 0.8 % $ — 3 $ 1,517 1.1 % $ — Construction 1 319 0.1 % — — — — % — Commercial & industrial 5 2,737 0.8 % — 1 2,407 0.8 % — Total 11 $ 4,301 $ — 4 $ 3,924 $ — Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 4 $ 2,701 1.7 % $ 942 2 $ 306 0.2 % $ 77 Commercial & industrial 4 2,276 0.6 % — 1 1,406 0.5 % 422 Total 8 $ 4,977 $ 942 3 3 $ 1,712 $ 499 The following presents, by class of loans, information regarding accruing and nonaccrual modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Number of Loans Financial Effect Number of Loans Financial Effect (dollars in thousands) Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 2 Extend maturity date 3 Extend maturity date Construction 1 Extend maturity date Total 3 3 Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans — Extend maturity date and allow additional lender funding 2 Extend term and allow additional lender funding Total — 2 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Number of Loans Financial Effect Number of Loans Financial Effect (dollars in thousands) Accruing Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 5 Extend maturity date 3 Extend maturity date Construction 1 Extend maturity date — Commercial & industrial 5 Extend maturity date and allow additional lender funding 1 Extend maturity date Total 11 4 Nonaccrual Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Small business loans 4 Extend maturity date 2 Extend term and allow additional lender funding Commercial & industrial 4 Extend maturity date and allow additional lender funding 1 Extend term and allow additional lender funding Total 8 3 There were 3 and 5 modifications granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively. There were 14 and 7 modifications granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively. The increase in assistance provided to small business loan customers experiencing financial difficulty is largely due to the elevated interest rate environment as the majority of our small business loans carry a variable interest rate. In accordance with the SBA's SOP 50-57-3 covering loan servicing, we work with such customers to help determine whether temporary payment relief would help to improve their cash flows in the near future. There were one and two loans that had payment defaults during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and zero during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, that were modified in the 12 months before default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. There were no commitments to lend additional funds to the borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that had modifications during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023. |