N-2 - USD ($) | Oct. 24, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023 | [1] | Dec. 31, 2022 | [1] | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | [2] |
Cover [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Entity Central Index Key | | 0001752019 | | | | | | | |
Amendment Flag | | false | | | | | | | |
Document Type | | 424B3 | | | | | | | |
Entity Registrant Name | | BlackRock Credit Strategies Fund | | | | | | | |
Fee Table [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Shareholder Transaction Expenses [Table Text Block] | | Institutional Class A Class W Class U Shareholder Transaction Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) Maximum Sales Load imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price) (1) None 2.50 % 3.50 % None Maximum Deferred Sales Load (as a percentage of offering price or repurchase proceeds, whichever is lower) None 1.50 % (2) None None Dividend Reinvestment Plan Fees (3) None None None None Repurchase Fee (4) None None None None (1) There is no sales load for Institutional Shares. Investors purchasing Class A Shares and Class W Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 2.50% and 3.50%, respectively, of the investor’s (2) A contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1.50% is assessed on Fund repurchases of Class A Shares made within 18 months after purchase where no initial sales load was paid at the time of purchase as part of an investment of $250,000 or more. (3) The Reinvestment Plan Agent’s (as defined below under “Dividend Reinvestment Plan”) fees for the handling of the reinvestment of dividends will be paid by the Fund. Any fees attributable to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan are included in the estimate of “Other Expenses.” (4) The Fund does not currently intend to impose a repurchase fee but is permitted to charge up to 2%. See “Periodic Repurchase Offers—Repurchase Fee.” | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Annual Expenses [Table Text Block] | | Annual Fund Operating Expenses Management Fee (7) 1.08 % 1.08 % 1.08 % 1.08 % Distribution and Servicing Fee (5) None 0.75 % 0.75 % 0.75 % Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds (6) 0.63 % 0.63 % 0.63 % 0.63 % Other Expenses 0.29 % 0.25 % 0.23 % 0.35 % Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 2.00 % 2.71 % 2.69 % 2.81 % Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursement (7) — — — — Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursement (7) 2.00 % 2.71 % 2.69 % 2.81 % (5) The Fund has adopted a distribution and servicing plan (the “Distribution and Servicing Plan”) and pays the Distribution and Servicing Fee under such plan. The maximum annual rates at which the Distribution and Servicing Fees may be paid under the Distribution and Servicing Plan (calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to each of the Class A Shares, Class W Shares and Class U Shares) is 0.75%. 0.25% of such fee is a shareholder servicing fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee. See “Plan of Distribution—Distribution and Servicing Plan—Class A Shares, Class W Shares and Class U Shares.” (6) Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds is based on the current fiscal year and the use of leverage in the form of bank borrowings in an amount equal to 1.6% of the Fund’s Managed Assets (as defined below) (1.6% of the Fund’s net assets), and the weighted average annual interest rate on bank borrowings of 8.31%. The actual amount of interest expense borne by the Fund will vary over time in accordance with the level of the Fund’s use of bank borrowings and variations in market interest rates. Interest expense is required to be treated as an expense of the Fund for accounting purposes. (7) The Fund has entered into an Expense Agreement in which the Advisor has agreed to waive and/or reimburse certain operating and other expenses of the Fund in order to limit certain expenses to 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily value of the net assets of each share class. Subject to the terms of the Expense Agreement, expenses borne by the Advisor in the prior two fiscal years of the Fund are subject to recoupment by the Advisor. Such recoupment arrangement will terminate on March 1, 2026. The Fund will carry forward any waivers and/or reimbursements of fees and expenses in excess of the Expense Cap and repay the Advisor such amount provided the Fund is able to do so without exceeding the lesser of (1) the expense limit in effect at the time of the waiver or reimbursement, as applicable, or (2) the expense limit in effect at the time of recoupment after giving effect to the repayment. The Expense Agreement continues from year to year if approved by a majority of the Fund’s Independent Trustees. The current term of the Expense Agreement expires on June 30, 2025. The Expense Agreement may be terminated prior to June 30, 2025 only by action of a majority of the Independent Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities. See “Management of the Fund—Investment Management Agreement—Expense Agreement” for more information regarding the operating and other expenses that the Advisor has agreed to waive and/or reimburse pursuant to the Expense Agreement. The Fund and the Advisor have also entered into a fee waiver agreement (the “Fee Waiver Agreement”), pursuant to which the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive the management fee with respect to any portion of the Fund’s assets attributable to investments in any equity and fixed-income mutual funds and exchange-traded funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates that have a contractual fee, through June 30, 2025. In addition, pursuant to the Fee Waiver Agreement, the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its management fees by the amount of investment advisory fees the Fund pays to the Advisor indirectly through its investment in money market funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates, through June 30, 2025. The Fee Waiver Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, only by the Fund (upon the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees or a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund), upon 90 days’ written notice by the Fund to the Advisor. | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Expense Example [Table Text Block] | | Example As required by relevant SEC regulations, the following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect to a hypothetical investment in Shares. In calculating the following expense amounts, the Fund has assumed its direct and indirect annual expenses would remain at the percentage levels set forth in the table above, that the maximum sales load is charged on each of Class A Shares and Class W Shares and that the Expense Agreement and the Fee Waiver Agreement are only in effect for the first year since they expire on June 30, 2025. The Expense Agreement and the Fee Waiver Agreement for the Fund expire on June 30, 2025; thus, the Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursement set out in the table above is reflected in the example through such date. The Expense Agreement and the Fee Waiver Agreement, however, do continue from year to year if approved by a majority of the Fund’s Independent Trustees. An investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment in the Shares, assuming a 5.0% annual return: 1 Year 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years Institutional Shares $ 20 $ 63 $ 108 $ 233 Class A Shares $ 52 $ 107 $ 165 $ 322 Class W Shares $ 61 $ 116 $ 172 $ 327 Class U Shares $ 28 $ 87 $ 148 $ 314 An investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment in the Shares, assuming a 5.0% annual return, if the investor did not redeem their Shares: 1 Year 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years Institutional Shares $ 20 $ 63 $ 108 $ 233 Class A Shares $ 52 $ 107 $ 165 $ 322 Class W Shares $ 61 $ 116 $ 172 $ 327 Class U Shares $ 28 $ 87 $ 148 $ 314 The example above should not be considered a representation of future expenses. Actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown. In addition to the fees and expenses described above, you may also be required to pay brokerage commissions or other transaction fees on the purchase of Institutional Shares or Class U Shares, which are not reflected in the example. | | | | | | | |
Purpose of Fee Table , Note [Text Block] | | This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares. You may qualify for sales load discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $250,000 in the fund complex advised by the Advisor or its affiliates. More information about these and other discounts is available from your Dealer or other financial intermediary and in the “Plan of Distribution” section on page 175 of this prospectus. | | | | | | | |
Basis of Transaction Fees, Note [Text Block] | | as a percentage of offering price | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Fees, Note [Text Block] | | The Reinvestment Plan Agent’s (as defined below under “Dividend Reinvestment Plan”) fees for the handling of the reinvestment of dividends will be paid by the Fund. Any fees attributable to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan are included in the estimate of “Other Expenses.” | | | | | | | |
Other Expenses, Note [Text Block] | | A contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1.50% is assessed on Fund repurchases of Class A Shares made within 18 months after purchase where no initial sales load was paid at the time of purchase as part of an investment of $250,000 or more. | | | | | | | |
Management Fee not based on Net Assets, Note [Text Block] | | (7) The Fund has entered into an Expense Agreement in which the Advisor has agreed to waive and/or reimburse certain operating and other expenses of the Fund in order to limit certain expenses to 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily value of the net assets of each share class. Subject to the terms of the Expense Agreement, expenses borne by the Advisor in the prior two fiscal years of the Fund are subject to recoupment by the Advisor. Such recoupment arrangement will terminate on March 1, 2026. The Fund will carry forward any waivers and/or reimbursements of fees and expenses in excess of the Expense Cap and repay the Advisor such amount provided the Fund is able to do so without exceeding the lesser of (1) the expense limit in effect at the time of the waiver or reimbursement, as applicable, or (2) the expense limit in effect at the time of recoupment after giving effect to the repayment. The Expense Agreement continues from year to year if approved by a majority of the Fund’s Independent Trustees. The current term of the Expense Agreement expires on June 30, 2025. The Expense Agreement may be terminated prior to June 30, 2025 only by action of a majority of the Independent Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities. See “Management of the Fund—Investment Management Agreement—Expense Agreement” for more information regarding the operating and other expenses that the Advisor has agreed to waive and/or reimburse pursuant to the Expense Agreement. The Fund and the Advisor have also entered into a fee waiver agreement (the “Fee Waiver Agreement”), pursuant to which the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive the management fee with respect to any portion of the Fund’s assets attributable to investments in any equity and fixed-income mutual funds and exchange-traded funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates that have a contractual fee, through June 30, 2025. In addition, pursuant to the Fee Waiver Agreement, the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its management fees by the amount of investment advisory fees the Fund pays to the Advisor indirectly through its investment in money market funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates, through June 30, 2025. The Fee Waiver Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, only by the Fund (upon the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees or a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund), upon 90 days’ written notice by the Fund to the Advisor. | | | | | | | |
Financial Highlights [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Senior Securities Amount | | | $ 7,450,000 | $ 55,850,000 | $ 73,250,000 | [2] | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Investment Objectives and Practices [Text Block] | | THE FUND’S INVESTMENTS Investment Objective and Policies Investment Objective There can be no assurances that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved or that the Fund’s investment program will be successful. The Fund is not intended as, and you should not construe it to be, a complete investment program. The Fund is not intended for investors who will need ready access to the amounts invested in the Fund. An investment in the Fund should be considered illiquid. Investors should consider their investment goals, time horizons and risk tolerance before investing in the Fund. The Fund’s investment objective may be changed by the Board without prior shareholder approval. Investment Policies . securities rated below investment grade, investment grade corporate bonds, fixed-income securities issued by governmental entities (including supranational entities), their agencies and instrumentalities, mezzanine investments, collateralized loan obligations, bank loans, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed and floating or variable rate obligations. The Fund may invest in such fixed-income securities of issuers located in the United States and non-U.S. The Fund intends to invest across multiple credit sectors and employ multiple strategies. The Fund is not required to invest in each investment sector at all times, and its investment in each investment sector may vary over time. As part of its strategy, the Fund has a Private Credit Sleeve in which the Fund will seek to invest in select less liquid or illiquid private credit investments, generally involving corporate borrowers, that are believed to present the potential for higher yield and capital appreciation versus more liquid portions of the Fund’s portfolio. While the amount of the Fund’s net assets allocated to such investments may vary over time, it is anticipated that approximately 30-50% A portion of the Private Credit Sleeve is managed by BCIA, as Sub-Advisor co-invest side-by-side sub-advised “Co-Investment Sub-Advisor Co-Investment See “Risks—Principal Risks—Competition for Investment Opportunities” beginning on page 94, “Risks—Principal Risks—Valuation Risk” beginning on page 93, “Risks—Principal Risks—Allocation Risk” beginning on page 136 and “Conflicts of Interest” and “Management of the Fund—Portfolio Management—Potential Material Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI. The Fund may enter into any type of derivatives transaction. The Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts, enter into various interest rate transactions such as swaps, caps, floors or collars, currency transactions such as currency forward contracts, currency futures contracts, currency swaps or options on currency or currency futures and swap contracts (including, but not limited to, credit default swaps index products, credit default swaps, total return swaps (sometimes referred to as “contracts for difference”) and interest rate swaps) and may purchase and sell exchange-listed and off-exchange (“over-the-counter” Transaction for the purpose or effect of creating investment leverage to the maximum extent permitted by the SEC and/or SEC staff rules, guidance or positions. See “The Fund’s Investments—Portfolio Contents and Techniques—Strategic Transactions and Other Management Techniques.” If the Advisor determines it to be appropriate or necessary, the Fund may form one or more wholly owned subsidiaries in one or more jurisdictions (each a “Subsidiary,” and together, the “Subsidiaries”), each of which would be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Any Subsidiary will share the same portfolio management team as the Fund. The Fund may invest either directly or indirectly through the Subsidiaries. The Fund may invest an aggregate of up to 25% of its total assets in Subsidiaries. The Fund typically expects to invest indirectly through the Subsidiaries if it believes it is desirable to do so to comply with the requirements for qualification as a RIC under the Code. The Fund may invest indirectly through the Subsidiaries in instruments including, but not limited to, mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) and commodities. Any Subsidiary organized in the United States will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax at corporate rates. The Subsidiaries will not be registered under the Investment Company Act and will not be subject to the investor protections of the Investment Company Act. The Subsidiaries will be advised or managed by the Advisor and have the same investment objective as the Fund. The Advisor, however, will not receive an additional management fee for any services provided to any Subsidiary. The Fund will look through any Subsidiaries for purposes of compliance with its investment policies and the applicable provisions of the Investment Company Act relating to capital structure, affiliated transactions and custody. See “The Fund’s Investments—Portfolio Composition and Other Information—The Subsidiaries” and “Risks—Principal Risks—Subsidiary Risk” for additional information. There is no guarantee that a shareholder’s investment in the Fund will not lose money or that the Fund will not return less over the life of the Fund than such shareholder’s initial investment. There is no limit on the maturity or duration of securities in which the Fund may invest. The Fund may also invest in privately placed or restricted securities (including in Rule 144A securities, which are privately placed securities purchased by qualified institutional buyers), illiquid investments and investments in which no secondary market is readily available, including those of private companies. The Fund may invest any amount of its assets in securities of any credit quality, including securities that are rated at the time of investment below investment grade—i.e., “Ba” or “BB” or below by Moody’s, S&P”) or Fitch, or securities that are judged to be of comparable quality by the Advisor. Securities of below investment grade quality are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal, and are commonly referred to as “junk bonds” or “high yield securities.” In the case of securities with split ratings (i.e., a security receiving two different ratings from two different rating agencies), the Fund will apply the higher of the applicable ratings. See “Risks—Principal Risks—Below Investment Grade Securities Risk.” The Fund may also invest in securities of other affiliated and unaffiliated open- or closed-end Other Policies and Strategies. tax-exempt The Fund may also engage in short sales of securities. See “The Fund’s Investments—Portfolio Contents and Techniques—Short Sales” in this prospectus for information about the limitations applicable to the Fund’s short sale activities. The Fund may engage in active and frequent trading of portfolio securities to achieve its investment objective. Unless otherwise stated herein or in the SAI, the Fund’s investment policies are non-fundamental Portfolio Contents and Techniques The Fund’s portfolio will be composed principally of some combination of the following types of investments. Additional information with respect to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions and certain of the Fund’s portfolio investments is contained in the SAI. There is no guarantee the Fund will buy all of the types of securities or use all of the investment techniques that are described herein. Corporate Bonds U.S. Government Debt Securities Non-U.S. Non-U.S. non-U.S. Non-U.S. Non-U.S. Non-U.S. Emerging Markets Investments non-U.S. Foreign Currency Transactions non-U.S. non-U.S. non-U.S. non-U.S. non-U.S. Sovereign Governmental and Supranational Debt. Brady Bonds are not considered to be U.S. Government securities. U.S. dollar-denominated, collateralized Brady Bonds, which may be fixed rate par bonds or floating rate discount bonds, are generally collateralized in full as to principal by U.S. Treasury zero-coupon one-year applicable interest rate at that time and is adjusted at regular intervals thereafter. Certain Brady Bonds are entitled to “value recovery payments” in certain circumstances, which in effect constitute supplemental interest payments but generally are not collateralized. Brady Bonds are often viewed as having three or four valuation components: (i) the collateralized repayment of principal at final maturity; (ii) the collateralized interest payments; (iii) the uncollateralized interest payments; and (iv) any uncollateralized repayment of principal at maturity (the uncollateralized amounts constitute the “residual risk”). Brady Bonds involve various risk factors described elsewhere associated with investing in foreign securities, including the history of defaults with respect to commercial bank loans by public and private entities of countries issuing Brady Bonds. In light of the residual risk of Brady Bonds and, among other factors, the history of defaults, investments in Brady Bonds are considered speculative. There can be no assurances that Brady Bonds in which the Fund may invest will not be subject to restructuring arrangements or to requests for new credit, which may cause the Fund to suffer a loss of interest or principal on any of its holdings. Distressed and Defaulted Securities Senior Loans Senior Loans typically have a stated term of between five and nine years and have rates of interest that typically are redetermined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. Longer interest rate reset periods generally increase fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV as a result of changes in market interest rates. The Fund is not subject to any restrictions with respect to the maturity of Senior Loans held in its portfolio. As a result, as short-term interest rates increase, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Senior Loans should increase, and as short-term interest rates decrease, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Senior Loans should decrease. Because of prepayments, the Advisor expects the average life of the Senior Loans in which the Fund invests to be shorter than the stated maturity. Senior Loans are subject to the risk of non-payment non-payment non-payment circumstances, invalidating such Senior Loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the Borrower. If interest were required to be refunded, it could negatively affect the Fund’s performance. Many Senior Loans in which the Fund may invest may not be rated by a rating agency, will not be registered with the SEC, or any state securities commission, and will not be listed on any national securities exchange. The amount of public information available with respect to Senior Loans will generally be less extensive than that available for registered or exchange-listed securities. In evaluating the creditworthiness of Borrowers, the Advisor will consider, and may rely in part, on analyses performed by others. Borrowers may have outstanding debt obligations that are rated below investment grade by a rating agency. Many of the Senior Loans in which the Fund may invest will have been assigned below investment grade ratings by independent rating agencies. In the event Senior Loans are not rated, they are likely to be the equivalent of below investment grade quality. Because of the protective features of Senior Loans, the Advisor believes that Senior Loans tend to have more favorable loss recovery rates as compared to more junior types of below investment grade debt obligations. The Advisor does not view ratings as the determinative factor in their investment decisions and rely more upon their credit analysis abilities than upon ratings. No active trading market may exist for some Senior Loans and some loans may be subject to restrictions on resale. A secondary market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may impair the ability to realize full value and thus cause a material decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition, the Fund may not be able to readily dispose of its Senior Loans at prices that approximate those at which the Fund could sell such loans if they were more widely traded and, as a result of such illiquidity, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. During periods of limited supply and liquidity of Senior Loans, the Fund’s yield may be lower. When interest rates decline, the value of a fund invested in fixed rate obligations can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a fund invested in fixed rate obligations can be expected to decline. Although changes in prevailing interest rates can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the value of Senior Loans (due to the fact that floating rates on Senior Loans only reset periodically), the value of floating rate Senior Loans is substantially less sensitive to changes in market interest rates than fixed rate instruments. As a result, to the extent the Fund invests in floating rate Senior Loans, the Fund’s portfolio may be less volatile and less sensitive to changes in market interest rates than if the Fund invested in fixed rate obligations. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may cause a decline in the value of these investments and in the Fund’s NAV. Other factors (including, but not limited to, rating downgrades, credit deterioration, a large downward movement in stock prices, a disparity in supply and demand of certain securities or market conditions that reduce liquidity) can reduce the value of Senior Loans and other debt obligations, impairing the Fund’s NAV. The Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio Senior Loans where the Borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy reorganization proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. Such investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, although they also will be subject to greater risk of loss. At times, in connection with the restructuring of a Senior Loan either outside of bankruptcy court or in the context of bankruptcy court proceedings, the Fund may determine or be required to accept equity securities or junior fixed income securities in exchange for all or a portion of a Senior Loan. The Fund may purchase Senior Loans on a direct assignment basis. If the Fund purchases a Senior Loan on direct assignment, it typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement of the assigning lender and becomes a lender under the loan agreement with the same rights and obligations as the assigning lender. Investments in Senior Loans on a direct assignment basis may involve additional risks to the Fund. For example, if such loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral. The Fund may also purchase, without limitation, participations in Senior Loans. The participation by the Fund in a lender’s portion of a Senior Loan typically will result in the Fund having a contractual relationship only with such lender, not with the Borrower. As a result, the Fund may have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the lender selling the participation and only upon receipt by such lender of payments from the Borrower. Such indebtedness may be secured or unsecured. Loan participations typically represent direct participations in a loan to a Borrower and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates. The Fund may participate in such syndications, or can buy part of a loan, becoming a part lender. When purchasing loan participations, the Fund assumes the credit risk associated with the Borrower and may assume the credit risk associated with an interposed bank or other financial intermediary. The participation interests in which the Fund intends to invest may not be rated by any nationally recognized rating service. Certain loan participations and assignments may be treated by the Fund as illiquid. The Fund may obtain exposure to Senior Loans through the use of derivative instruments, which have become increasingly available. The Advisor may utilize these instruments and similar instruments that may be available in the future. The Fund may invest in a derivative instrument known as a Select Aggregate Market Index (“SAMI”), which provides investors with exposure to a reference basket of Senior Loans. SAMIs are structured as floating rate instruments. SAMIs consist of a basket of credit default swaps whose underlying reference securities are senior secured loans. While investing in SAMIs will increase the universe of floating rate fixed income securities to which the Fund is exposed, such investments entail risks that are not typically associated with investments in other floating rate fixed income securities. The liquidity of the market for SAMIs will be subject to liquidity in the secured loan and credit derivatives markets. Investment in SAMIs involves many of the risks associated with investments in derivative instruments discussed generally herein. Second Lien Loans Unitranche Loans. Mezzanine Loans mezzanine investments are typically seven to ten years, but the expected average life is significantly shorter at three to five years. Mezzanine investments are usually unsecured and subordinate to other obligations of the issuer. Pre-Funded When the Borrower needs funds, it may draw against the prefunded L/C loan and the agent bank makes payment to the Borrower by withdrawing some of the amount invested as deposits. Consequently, the lenders do not have to advance any additional funds at the time the Borrower draws against the prefunded L/C loan facility. The prefunded L/C loan can be structured from the standpoint of the Borrower as either (i) a revolving credit facility, where the Borrower can reborrow, during the term of the loan, moneys it has paid back to the facility during the term of the loan, or (ii) a delayed draw term loan where the Borrower may not reborrow moneys it has repaid to the facility during the term of the loan. When the Fund purchases a participation in a prefunded L/C loan, the proceeds of the purchase are deposited in a collateral account, which backs an L/C loan by the agent bank to the Borrower to support trade or other financing. The Fund typically receives interest on the cash collateral account equal to the benchmark rate. In addition, the Fund may also receive a fee, typically similar to the spread paid on the Borrower’s institutional loan. Participations by the Fund in a prefunded L/C loan typically will result in the Fund having a contractual relationship only with the agent bank, not with the Borrower. As a result, the Fund may have the right to receive interest, fees and any repayments, if any, to which it is entitled only from the agent bank selling the participation and only upon receipt by the agent bank of such payments from the Borrower. In connection with purchasing the participation in a prefunded L/C loan, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the Borrower with the terms of the prefunded L/C loan. As a result, the Fund may assume the credit risk of both the Borrower and the agent bank selling the participation in a prefunded L/C loan. In the event of the insolvency of the agent bank selling a participation in a prefunded L/C loan, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such agent bank. The agent bank will likely conduct its principal business activities in the banking, finance and financial services industries. Persons engaged in such industries may be more susceptible to, among other things, fluctuations in interest rates, changes in the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee’s monetary policy, governmental regulations concerning such industries and concerning capital raising activities generally and fluctuations in the financial markets generally. Delayed Funding Loans and Revolving Credit Facilities Variable, Floating and Fixed-Rate Debt Obligations. 180-day Fixed rate securities pay a fixed rate of interest and tend to exhibit more price volatility during times of rising or falling interest rates than securities with variable or floating rates of interest. The value of fixed rate securities will tend to fall when interest rates rise and rise when interest rates fall. The value of variable or floating rate securities, on the other hand, fluctuates much less in response to market interest rate movements than the value of fixed rate securities. This is because variable and floating rate securities behave like short-term instruments in that the rate of interest they pay is subject to periodic adjustments according to a specified formula, usually with reference to some interest rate index or market interest rate. Fixed rate securities with short-term characteristics are not subject to the same price volatility as fixed rate securities without such characteristics. Therefore, they behave more like variable or floating rate securities with respect to price volatility. Collateralized Debt Obligations non-U.S. Although certain CDOs may benefit from credit enhancement in the form of a senior-subordinate structure, over-collateralization or bond insurance, such enhancement may not always be present, and may fail to protect the Fund against the risk of loss on default of the collateral. Certain CDO issuers may use derivatives contracts to create “synthetic” exposure to assets rather than holding such assets directly, which entails the risks of derivative instruments described elsewhere in this prospectus and the SAI. CDOs may charge management fees and administrative expenses, which are in addition to those of the Fund. A CLO is a structured debt security, issued by an SPE and created to reapportion the risk and return characteristics of a pool of bank loans. Investors in CLOs bear the credit risk of the underlying collateral. The bank loans are used as collateral supporting the various debt tranches issued by the SPE. Multiple tranches of securities are issued by the CLO, offering investors various maturity and credit risk characteristics. Tranches are categorized as senior, mezzanine, or subordinated/equity, according to their degree of risk. The key feature of the CLO structure is the prioritization of the cash flows from a pool of debt securities among the several classes of the CLO. If there are defaults or the CLO’s collateral otherwise underperforms, scheduled payments to senior tranches take precedence over those of mezzanine tranches, and scheduled payments to mezzanine tranches take precedence over those to subordinated/equity tranches. The SPE is a company founded solely for the purpose of securitizing payment claims. On this basis, marketable securities are issued which, due to the diversification of the underlying risk, generally represent a lower level of risk than the original assets. The redemption of the securities issued by the SPE takes place at maturity out of the cash flow generated by the collected claims. The vast majority of CLOs are actively managed by an independent investment manager. The Fund may invest in subordinated notes issued by a CLO (often referred to as the “residual” or “equity” tranche), which are junior in priority of payment and are subject to certain payment restrictions generally set forth in an indenture governing the notes. In addition, CLO subordinated notes generally do not benefit from any creditors’ rights or ability to exercise remedies under the indenture governing the notes. The subordinated notes are not guaranteed by another party. The subordinated tranche of a CLO vehicle is generally required to absorb the CLO’s losses before any of the CLO’s other tranches, yet it also has the lowest level of payment priority among the CLO’s tranches; therefore, the subordinated tranche is typically the riskiest of CLO investments. CLO subordinated notes do not have a fixed coupon and payments on CLO subordinated notes will be based on the income received from the underlying collateral and the payments made to the secured notes, both of which may be based on floating rates. For both CBOs and CLOs, the cash flows from the SPE are split into two or more portions, called tranches, varying in risk and yield. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche, which bears the first loss from defaults from the bonds or loans in the SPE and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default (though such protection is not complete). Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CBO or CLO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying securities, and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CBO or CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, downgrades of the underlying collateral by rating agencies, forced liquidation of the collateral pool due to a failure of coverage tests, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults as well as investor aversion to CBO or CLO securities as a class. Interest on certain tranches of a CDO may be paid in kind or deferred and capitalized (paid in the form of obligations of the same type rather than cash), which involves continued exposure to default risk with respect to such payments. In addition to the general risks associated with fixed income securities discussed in this prospectus and the SAI, CDOs carry additional risks, including: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default; (iii) the possibility that the CDO securities are subordinate to other classes; and (iv) the complex structure of the security may not be fully understood at the time of investment and may produce disputes with the issuer or unexpected investment results. To the extent the Fund makes equity investments in CDOs, and depending on whether these investments are characterized as debt or equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes, these investments may raise additional U.S. federal income tax issues, including (i) those applicable to debt instruments, as described above, (ii) those applicable to a holder of an equity investment in a non-U.S. Risks—Non-U.S. The credit quality of CDOs depends primarily upon the quality of the underlying assets and the level of credit support and/or enhancement provided. The underlying assets (e.g., securities or loans) of CDOs may be subject to prepayments, which would shorten the weighted average maturity and may lower the return of the CDO. If a credit support or enhancement is exhausted, losses or delays in payment may result if the required payments of principal and interest are not made. The transaction documents relating to the issuance of CDOs may impose eligibility criteria on the assets of the issuing SPE, restrict the ability of the investment manager to trade investments and impose certain portfolio-wide asset quality requirements. These criteria, restrictions and requirements may limit the ability of the SPE’s investment manager to maximize returns on the CDOs. In addition, other parties involved in structured products, such as third party credit enhancers and investors in the rated tranches, may impose requirements that have an adverse effect on the returns of the various tranches of CDOs. Furthermore, CDO transaction documents generally contain provisions that, in the event that certain tests are not met (generally interest coverage and over-collateralization tests at varying levels in the capital structure), require that proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to holders of a junior tranche must be diverted to pay down the senior tranches until such tests are satisfied. Failure (or increased likelihood of failure) of a CDO to make timely payments on a particular tranche will have an adverse effect on the liquidity and market value of such tranche. Payments to holders of CDOs may be subject to deferral. If cash flows generated by the underlying assets are insufficient to make all current and, if applicable, deferred payments on the CDOs, no other assets will be available for payment of the deficiency and, following realization of the underlying assets, the obligations of the issuer to pay such deficiency will be extinguished. The value of CDO securities also may change because of changes in the market’s perception of the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the pool, or the financial institution or fund providing the credit support or enhancement. Furthermore, the leveraged nature of each subordinated class may magnify the adverse impact on such class of changes in the value of the assets, changes in the distributions on the assets, defaults and recoveries on the assets, capital gains and losses on the assets, prepayment on the assets and availability, price and interest rates of the assets. CDOs are limited recourse, may not be paid in full and may be subject to up to 100% loss. CDOs are typically privately offered and sold, and thus are not registered under the securities laws. As a result, investments in CDOs may be characterized as illiquid securities; however, an active dealer market may exist, which would allow such securities to be considered liquid in some circumstances. Structured Credit. U.S.-dollar-denominated Debtor-In-Possession “debtor-in-possession” debtor-in-possession Bank Obligations Obligations of foreign banks involve somewhat different investment risks than those affecting obligations of U.S. banks, including the possibilities that their liquidity could be impaired because of future political and economic developments, that their obligations may be less marketable than comparable obligations of U.S. banks, that a foreign jurisdiction might impose withholding taxes on interest income payable on those obligations, that foreign deposits may be seized or nationalized, that foreign governmental restrictions such as exchange controls may be adopted which might adversely affect the payment of principal and interest on those obligations and that the selection of those obligations may be more difficult because there may be less publicly available information concerning foreign banks or the accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements applicable to foreign banks may differ from those applicable to U.S. banks. Foreign banks are not generally subject to examination by any U.S. Government agency or instrumentality. Direct Lending In determining whether to make a direct loan, the Fund will rely primarily upon the creditworthiness of the borrower and/or any collateral for payment of interest and repayment of principal. In making a direct loan, the Fund is exposed to the risk that the borrower may default or become insolvent and, consequently, that the Fund will lose money on the loan. Furthermore, direct loans may subject the Fund to liquidity and interest rate risk and certain direct loans may be deemed illiquid. Direct loans are not publicly traded and may not have a secondary market. The lack of a secondary market for direct loans may have an adverse impact on the ability of the Fund to dispose of a direct loan and/or to value the direct loan. When engaging in direct lending, the Fund’s performance may depend, in part, on the ability of the Fund to originate loans on advantageous terms. In originating and purchasing loans, the Fund will compete with a broad spectrum of lenders. Increased competition for, or a diminishment in the available supply of, qualifying loans could result in lower yields on such loans, which could reduce Fund’s performance. As part of its lending activities, the Fund may originate loans to companies that are experiencing significant financial or business difficulties, including companies involved in bankruptcy or other reorganization and liquidation proceedings. Although the terms of such financing may result in significant financial returns to the Fund, they involve a substantial degree of risk. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful financing to companies experiencing significant business and financial difficulties is unusually high. | | | | | | | |
Risk Factors [Table Text Block] | | RISKS The NAV of, and dividends paid on, the Shares will fluctuate with and be affected by, among other things, the risks more fully described below. Principal Risks Fixed Income Securities Risks Fixed income securities in which the Fund may invest are generally subject to the following risks: Interest Rate Risk The Fund’s intended use of leverage, including through the use of instruments such as reverse repurchase agreements and dollar roll transactions, will tend to increase the Fund’s interest rate risk. The Fund may utilize certain strategies, including taking positions in futures or interest rate swaps, for the purpose of reducing the interest rate sensitivity of fixed income securities held by the Fund and decreasing the Fund’s exposure to interest rate risk. The Fund is not required to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk and may choose not to do so. In addition, there is no assurance that any attempts by the Fund to reduce interest rate risk will be successful or that any hedges that the Fund may establish will perfectly correlate with movements in interest rates. The Fund may invest in variable and floating rate debt instruments, which generally are less sensitive to interest rate changes than longer duration fixed rate instruments, but may decline in value in response to rising interest rates if, for example, the rates at which they pay interest do not rise as much, or as quickly, as market interest rates in general. Conversely, variable and floating rate instruments generally will not increase in value if interest rates decline. The Fund also may invest in inverse floating rate debt securities, which may decrease in value if interest rates increase, and which also may exhibit greater price volatility than fixed rate debt obligations with similar credit quality. To the extent the Fund holds variable or floating rate instruments, a decrease (or, in the case of inverse floating rate securities, an increase) in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities, which may adversely affect the NAV of the Fund’s Shares. Issuer Risk Credit Risk Although the Fund may make investments that the Advisor believes are secured by specific collateral, the value of which may initially exceed the principal amount of such investments or the Fund’s fair value of such investments, there can be no assurance that the liquidation of any such collateral would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment non-marketable payments-in-kind, With respect to the Fund’s investments in any number of credit products, if the borrower or issuer breaches any of the covenants or restrictions under the credit agreement that governs loans of such issuer or borrower, it could result in a default under the applicable indebtedness as well as the indebtedness held by the Fund. Such default may allow the creditors to accelerate the related debt and may result in the acceleration of any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. This could result in an impairment or loss of the Fund’s investment or a pre-payment Similarly, while the Fund will generally target investing in companies it believes are of high quality, these companies could still present a high degree of business and credit risk. Companies in which the Fund invests could deteriorate as a result of, among other factors, an adverse development in their business, a change in the competitive environment or the continuation or worsening of the current (or any future) economic and financial market downturns and dislocations. As a result, companies that the Fund expected to be stable or improve may operate, or expect to operate, at a loss or have significant variations in operating results, may require substantial additional capital to support their operations or maintain their competitive position, or may otherwise have a weak financial condition or experience financial distress. In addition, exogenous factors such as fluctuations of the equity markets also could result in warrants and other equity securities or instruments owned by the Fund becoming worthless. Prepayment Risk Reinvestment Risk Duration and Maturity Risk estimate anticipated price changes to a fixed pool of income securities associated with changes in interest rates. For example, a duration of five years means that a 1% decrease in interest rates will increase the NAV of the portfolio by approximately 5%; if interest rates increase by 1%, the NAV will decrease by 5%. However, in a managed portfolio of fixed income securities having differing interest or dividend rates or payment schedules, maturities, redemption provisions, call or prepayment provisions and credit qualities, actual price changes in response to changes in interest rates may differ significantly from a duration-based estimate at any given time. Actual price movements experienced by a portfolio of fixed income securities will be affected by how interest rates move (i.e., changes in the relationship of long-term interest rates to short-term interest rates and in the relationship of interest rates for highly rated securities and rates for below investment grade securities), the magnitude of any move in interest rates, actual and anticipated prepayments of principal through call or redemption features, the extension of maturities through restructuring, the sale of securities for portfolio management purposes, the reinvestment of proceeds from prepayments on and from sales of securities, and credit quality-related considerations whether associated with financing costs to lower credit quality borrowers or otherwise, as well as other factors. Accordingly, while duration maybe a useful tool to estimate potential price movements in relation to changes in interest rates, investors are cautioned that duration alone will not predict actual changes in the net asset or market value of the Fund’s shares and that actual price movements in the Fund’s portfolio may differ significantly from duration-based estimates. Duration differs from maturity in that it takes into account a security’s yield, coupon payments and its principal payments in addition to the amount of time until the security finally matures. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration. Prices of securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. In general, a portfolio of securities with a longer duration can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a portfolio with a shorter duration. Any decisions as to the targeted duration or maturity of any particular category of investments or of the Fund’s portfolio generally will be made based on all pertinent market factors at any given time. The Fund may incur costs in seeking to adjust the portfolio’s average duration or maturity. There can be no assurances that the Advisor’s assessment of current and projected market conditions will be correct or that any strategy to adjust the portfolio’s duration or maturity will be successful at any given time. Closed-End The Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and designed primarily for long-term investors. An investment in the Shares, unlike an investment in a traditional listed closed-end open-end closed-end Although the Fund, as a fundamental policy, will make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, the number of Shares tendered in connection with a repurchase offer may exceed the number of Shares the Fund has offered to repurchase, in which case the Fund may not repurchase all of your Shares tendered in that offer. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is likely that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Hence, you may not be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Investment Risk An investment in the Fund’s Shares is subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of the entire amount that you invest. As with any stock, the price of the Fund’s Shares will fluctuate with market conditions and other factors. If shares are sold, the price received may be more or less than the original investment. The Shares are designed for longer-term investors and the Fund should not be treated as a trading vehicle. At any point in time an investment in the Fund’s Shares may be worth less than the original amount invested, even after taking into account distributions paid by the Fund. During periods in which the Fund may use leverage, the Fund’s investment and certain other risks will be magnified. Repurchase Offers Risk As described under “Periodic Repurchase Offers” below, the Fund is an “interval fund” and, in order to provide liquidity to shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 However, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio and portfolio turnover. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment performance. Payment for tendered Shares may require the liquidation of the Fund’s investments earlier than the Advisor would otherwise liquidate these holdings, potentially resulting in losses, and may increase the Fund’s portfolio turnover. Such liquidations may also cause the Fund to sell its more liquid investments, which may reduce the size of future repurchase offerings and may result in the Fund selling investments at inopportune times or at times prior to when the Advisor believes the Fund may be able to realize the best return on such investments. Additionally, because such liquidations may cause the Fund to sell its more liquid investments, common shareholders who choose not to tender into a repurchase offer will hold investments in a Fund whose portfolio may become increasingly illiquid. As the Fund’s portfolio becomes more illiquid, the Fund’s portfolio may become harder to value, and it may become harder for the Fund to dispose of its investments at prices the Advisor believes reflect their fair value, or at all, resulting in losses to the Fund and its shareholders. See “—Valuation Risk.” Diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities and may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities or to achieve its investment objective. Subject to the Fund’s investment restriction with respect to leverage, the Fund may utilize leverage to finance the repurchase of Shares. However, there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to obtain such financing. Moreover, if the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may compound the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will negatively affect shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses borne by common shareholders of the Fund (in addition to the increase in pro rata expenses that will result from having a smaller base of assets after any such repurchase offers over which to spread fixed expenses) and reducing any net investment income. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed, the Fund may determine to increase the amount repurchased by up to 2% of the outstanding Shares as of the date of the Repurchase Request Deadline. In the event that the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the repurchase offer amount, or if shareholders tender more than the repurchase offer amount plus 2% of the outstanding Shares as of the date of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis, and shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. As a result, shareholders may be unable to liquidate all or a given percentage of their investment in the Fund during a particular repurchase offer. Shareholders will be subject to the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Some shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur. Affiliates of the Fund may own Shares and determine to participate in the Fund’s repurchase offers, which may contribute to a repurchase offer being oversubscribed and the Fund effecting repurchases on a pro rata basis. A shareholder may be subject to market and other risks, and the NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request. See “Periodic Repurchase Offers.” In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund will generally be a taxable event to common shareholders. In a scenario where the Fund’s portfolio is becoming increasingly illiquid, the Board may determine that it is in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders to liquidate and dissolve the Fund. See “—Liquidation Scenarios.” Distribution Payment Risk The Fund cannot assure investors that the Fund will achieve investment results that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year In the event that the Fund encounters delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s distributions may constitute a return of capital to shareholders. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions that constitute a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities, and generally results in a reduction of the tax basis in the Shares. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the shareholder’s original investment. Liquidation Scenarios The Board may determine at any time and in its discretion that it is in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders to liquidate and dissolve the Fund. Pursuant to the Fund’s Declaration of Trust, the dissolution of the Fund requires the affirmative vote of at least 80% of the Fund’s Trustees. A shareholder vote is not required to liquidate or dissolve the Fund. If the Board were to vote to dissolve and liquidate the Fund and the Fund’s investment portfolio is substantially illiquid, the Advisor would not likely be able to liquidate the Fund’s remaining assets in a short period of time. Rather, the Fund’s assets would likely be liquidated over an extended period of time, which could amount to several years or longer and, during such a liquidation period, shareholders remaining in the Fund would be subject to, among other risks, (i) the risk that these remaining assets may fluctuate in value prior to their ultimate disposition, (ii) the risk that the Fund may not realize what the Advisor believes to be the optimal value for such assets upon their disposition, (iii) the risk that the Fund may be forced to dispose of assets at a loss or may not be able to realize any significant profit from the investment position, and (iv) the risk that the Fund may lose the entire value of an investment upon its disposition. Additionally, the Fund may choose to hold its remaining assets in a liquidating trust or other similar vehicle, and the value of such assets would further be reduced by any expenses incurred by such liquidating trust. Moreover, it is likely that any assets remaining in the Fund or a liquidating trust (or similar vehicle) after an initial round of liquidation will be illiquid. In such a liquidation scenario, Shares will be entirely illiquid, and common shareholders should expect to have to bear the risks of having invested in the Fund for an indefinite period of time, should not expect to receive cash liquidating distributions within any set period of time or on a regular basis, and should not expect to realize the full NAV per Share of the applicable class of the Fund on the date the Board determines to dissolve the Fund. Effect of Additional Subscriptions The Fund intends to accept additional subscriptions for Shares, and such subscriptions will dilute the interest of existing shareholders in the Fund’s investment portfolio, which could have an adverse impact on the value of existing shareholders’ Shares. Effect of Liquidation on Investment Objective If the Fund is in the process of a complete liquidation pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, in order to effect an orderly liquidation of the Fund’s assets, the Fund may not comply with its investment objective during liquidation. Purchase Price Risk The purchase price at which an investor purchases Shares will be determined at each daily closing and will equal the NAV per Share of the applicable class as of such date, plus, with respect to Class A Shares and Class W Shares, the applicable sales load. As a result, in the event of an increase in the Fund’s NAV per Share of an applicable class, an investor’s purchase price may be higher than the prior daily closing price per Share of the applicable class, and therefore an investor may receive fewer Shares than if an investor had subscribed at the prior daily closing price. Best-Efforts Offering Risk This offering is being made on a reasonable best efforts basis, whereby the Distributor is only required to use its reasonable best efforts to sell the Shares and neither it nor any Dealer has a firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the Shares. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s investments among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result of allocating all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base. As a result, the Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective and an investor could lose some or all of the value of his or her investment in the Shares. The Distributor is an affiliate of the Fund and the Advisor. As a result, the Distributor’s due diligence review and investigation of the Fund and this prospectus cannot be considered to be an independent review. Private Credit Risk As part of its strategy, the Fund has a Private Credit Sleeve in which the Fund will seek to invest in select less liquid or illiquid private credit investments, generally involving corporate borrowers, that are believed to present the potential for higher yield and capital appreciation versus more liquid portions of the Fund’s portfolio. Typically, private credit investments are in restricted securities that are not traded in public markets and subject to substantial holding periods, so that the Fund may not be able to resell some of its holdings for extended periods, which may be several years. The Fund may, from time to time or over time, focus its private credit investments in a particular industry or sector or select industries or sectors. Investment performance of such industries or sectors may thus at times have an out-sized variability in the issuer’s cash flows, the size of the issuer, the quality of assets securing debt and the degree to which such assets cover the subject company’s debt obligations. The companies in which the Fund invests may be leveraged, often as a result of leveraged buyouts or other recapitalization transactions, and often will not be rated by national credit rating agencies. See “—Below Investment Grade Securities Risk.” Valuation Risk The Fund is subject to valuation risk, which is the risk that one or more of the securities in which the Fund invests are valued at prices that the Fund is unable to obtain upon sale due to factors such as incomplete data, market instability or human error. The Advisor may use an independent pricing service or prices provided by dealers to value securities at their market value. Because the secondary markets for certain investments may be limited, such instruments may be difficult to value. When market quotations are not available, the Advisor may price such investments pursuant to a number of methodologies, such as computer-based analytical modeling or individual security evaluations. These methodologies generate approximations of market values, and there may be significant professional disagreement about the best methodology for a particular type of financial instrument or different methodologies that might be used under different circumstances. In the absence of an actual market transaction, reliance on such methodologies is essential, but may introduce significant variances in the ultimate valuation of the Fund’s investments. Technological issues and/or errors by pricing services or other third-party service providers may also impact the Fund’s ability to value its investments and the calculation of the Fund’s NAV. When market quotations are not readily available or are believed by the Advisor to be unreliable, the Advisor will fair value the Fund’s investments in accordance with its policies and procedures. Fair value represents a good faith approximation of the value of an asset or liability. The fair value of an asset or liability held by the Fund is the amount the Fund might reasonably expect to receive from the current sale of that asset or the cost to extinguish that liability in an arm’s-length A substantial portion of the Fund’s assets are expected to consist of securities of private companies for which there are no readily available market quotations. The information available in the marketplace for such companies, their securities and the status of their businesses and financial conditions is often extremely limited, outdated and difficult to confirm. Such securities are valued by the Fund daily at fair value as determined pursuant to policies and procedures approved by the Board. In determining fair value each day, the Advisor is required to consider all appropriate factors relevant to value and all indicators of value available to the Fund. The determination of fair value necessarily involves judgment in evaluating this information in order to determine the price that the Fund might reasonably expect to receive for the security upon its current sale. The most relevant information may often be provided by the issuer of the securities. Given the nature, timeliness, amount and reliability of information provided by the issuer, fair valuations may become more difficult and uncertain as such information is unavailable or becomes outdated. Because the Fund will value all of its assets daily, the Fund is subject to greater risk that the information available to determine fair value on any given day is uncertain, incomplete and potentially unreliable and, as a result, that the prices assigned to fair valued securities may not in fact represent approximately the price that the Fund could receive upon their current sale. The Advisor anticipates that approximately 30-50% The value at which the Fund’s investments can be liquidated may differ, sometimes significantly, from the valuations assigned by the Fund. In addition, the timing of liquidations may also affect the values obtained on liquidation. Securities held by the Fund may routinely trade with bid-offer The Fund’s NAV is a critical component in several operational matters including computation of advisory and services fees and determination of the price at which the Shares will be offered and at which a repurchase offer will be made. Consequently, variance in the valuation of the Fund’s investments will impact, positively or negatively, the fees and expenses shareholders will pay, the price a shareholder will receive in connection with a repurchase offer and the number of shares an investor will receive upon investing in the Fund. The Fund may need to liquidate certain investments, including illiquid investments, in order to repurchase Shares in connection with a repurchase offer. A subsequent decrease in the valuation of the Fund’s investments after a repurchase offer could potentially disadvantage remaining shareholders to the benefit of shareholders whose Shares were accepted for repurchase. Alternatively, a subsequent increase in the valuation of the Fund’s investments could potentially disadvantage shareholders whose Shares were accepted for repurchase to the benefit of remaining shareholders. Similarly, a subsequent decrease in the valuation of the Fund’s investments after a subscription could potentially disadvantage subscribing investors to the benefit of pre-existing pre-existing Competition for Investment Opportunities The Fund competes for investments with other investment funds and institutional investors. Certain investors have increasingly begun to invest in areas in which they have not traditionally invested. As a result of these new entrants, competition for investment opportunities may intensify. Some of the Fund’s competitors are larger and may have greater financial and other resources than the Fund. For example, some competitors may have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some of the Fund’s competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments. These characteristics could allow the Fund’s competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and pay more competitive prices for investments than the Fund is able or willing to do. Furthermore, some of the Fund’s competitors may not be subject to the regulatory restrictions that the Investment Company Act imposes on it as a closed-end The Fund is prohibited under the Investment Company Act from participating in certain “joint” transactions with certain of its affiliates (as well as affiliated persons of such affiliated persons), which in certain circumstances could include investments in the same portfolio company (whether at the same or different times to the extent the transaction involves jointness), without prior approval from the SEC or reliance on an applicable exemptive rule under the Investment Company Act or other regulatory guidance. Among others, affiliated persons of the Fund may include other investment funds managed by the Advisor, the Sub-Advisors, BlackRock investment advisers. Even though the portion of the Fund sub-advised In addition, entering into certain transactions that are not deemed “joint” transactions (for purposes of the Investment Company Act and relevant guidance from the SEC) may potentially lead to joint transactions within the meaning of the Investment Company Act in the future. This may be the case, for example, with issuers who are near default and more likely to enter into restructuring or work-out Sub-Advisor A portion of the Private Credit Sleeve is managed by BCIA, as Sub-Advisor co-invest sub-advised Co-investments Co-Investment Co-Investment Co-Investment co-investments Co-Investment Co-Investment co-investments Co-Investment sub-advised co-invest As a result of the Co-Investment co-investment Co-Investment co-investment Co-Investment sub-advised Co-Investment co-investment Co-Investment co-investments sub-advised Co-Investment co-investment Affiliated investment funds currently existing or formed in the future may invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. As a result, the Advisor, BCIA and/or their affiliates may face conflicts in allocating investment opportunities between the Fund and such other entities. An investment opportunity that is suitable for multiple clients of the Advisor, BCIA and their affiliates may not be shared among some or all of such clients and affiliates due to the limited scale of the opportunity or other factors, including restrictions imposed by the Investment Company Act or the Fund. Although the Advisor, BCIA and their affiliates, in the aggregate, will allocate investment opportunities to the Fund in what they believe to be a fair and equitable manner over time, it is possible that over time the Fund may not be able to participate in certain investments made by affiliated investment funds that it might otherwise have desired to participate in. See “Conflicts of Interest” and “Management of the Fund—Portfolio Management—Potential Material Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI. Corporate Bonds Risk The market value of a corporate bond generally may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The market value of intermediate and longer term corporate bonds is generally more sensitive to changes in interest rates than is the market value of shorter term corporate bonds. The market value of a corporate bond also may be affected by factors directly related to the issuer, such as investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s financial performance, perceptions of the issuer in the market place, performance of management of the issuer, the issuer’s capital structure and use of financial leverage and demand for the issuer’s goods and services. Certain risks associated with investments in corporate bonds are described elsewhere in this prospectus in further detail, including above under “—Fixed Income Securities Risks,” “Additional Risks—Inflation Risk” and “Additional Risks—Deflation Risks.” There is a risk that the issuers of corporate bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. Corporate bonds of below investment grade quality are often high risk and have speculative characteristics and may be particularly susceptible to adverse issuer-specific developments. Corporate bonds of below investment grade quality are subject to the risks described herein under “—Below Investment Grade Securities Risk.” Below Investment Grade Securities Risk The Fund expects to invest in securities that are rated, at the time of investment, below investment grade quality (rated Ba/BB or below, or judged to be of comparable quality by the Advisor), which are commonly referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds and are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The value of high yield, lower quality bonds is affected by the creditworthiness of the issuers of the securities and by general economic and specific industry conditions. Issuers of high yield bonds are not perceived to be as strong financially as those with higher credit ratings. These issuers are more vulnerable to financial setbacks and recession than more creditworthy issuers, which may impair their ability to make interest and principal payments. Lower grade securities may be particularly susceptible to economic downturns. It is likely that an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on the value of such securities. In addition, it is likely that any such economic downturn could adversely affect the ability of the issuers of such securities to repay principal and pay interest thereon and increase the incidence of default for such securities. See “—Risk Associated with Recent Market Events.” Lower grade securities, though high yielding, are characterized by high risk. They may be subject to certain risks with respect to the issuing entity and to greater market fluctuations than certain lower yielding, higher rated securities. The secondary market for lower grade securities may be less liquid than that for higher rated securities. Adverse conditions could make it difficult at times for the Fund to sell certain securities or could result in lower prices than those used in calculating the Fund’s NAV. Because of the substantial risks associated with investments in lower grade securities, you could lose money on your investment in Shares of the Fund, both in the short-term and the long-term. The prices of fixed income securities generally are inversely related to interest rate changes; however, below i | | | | | | | |
Effects of Leverage [Text Block] | | Effects of Leverage Assuming that leverage will represent approximately 25% of the Fund’s Managed Assets and that the Fund will bear expenses relating to that leverage at an average annual rate of 8.31%, the income generated by the Fund’s portfolio (net of estimated expenses) must exceed $9,670,844 in order to cover the expenses specifically related to the Fund’s use of leverage. Of course, these numbers are merely estimates used for illustration. Actual leverage expenses will vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate estimated above. The following table is furnished in response to requirements of the SEC. It is designed to illustrate the effect of leverage on total returns from an investment in Institutional Shares, Class A Shares, Class W Shares and Class U Shares, respectively, assuming investment portfolio total returns (comprised of income and changes in the value of securities held in the Fund’s portfolio) of (10)%, (5)%, 0%, 5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns experienced or expected to be experienced by the Fund. See “Risks.” The table further reflects the use of leverage representing 25% of the Fund’s Managed Assets and the Fund’s currently projected annual leverage expense of 8.31%. Assumed Portfolio Total Return (Net of Expenses) (10.00 )% (5.00 )% 0.00 % 5.00 % 10.00 % Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Institutional Shares (10.3 )% (5.2 )% (0.1 )% 4.9 % 10.0 % Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Class A Shares (10.3 )% (5.2 )% (0.1 )% 4.9 % 10.0 % Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Class W Shares (10.3 )% (5.2 )% (0.1 )% 4.9 % 10.0 % Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Class U Shares (10.3 )% (5.2 )% (0.1 )% 4.9 % 10.0 % The corresponding total return to holders of each class of Shares is composed of two elements: the common share dividends paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely determined by the net investment income of the Fund) and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns. As required by SEC rules, the table assumes that the Fund is more likely to suffer capital losses than to enjoy capital appreciation. For example, to assume a total return of 0% the Fund must assume that the interest it receives on its investments is entirely offset by losses in the value of those securities. In addition, because the Fund’s investment management fee is calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets, which include those assets purchased with leverage, during periods in which the Fund is using leverage, the fee paid to the Advisor will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage. | | | | | | | |
Effects of Leverage [Table Text Block] | | Assumed Portfolio Total Return (Net of Expenses) (10.00 )% (5.00 )% 0.00 % 5.00 % 10.00 % Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Institutional Shares (10.3 )% (5.2 )% (0.1 )% 4.9 % 10.0 % Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Class A Shares (10.3 )% (5.2 )% (0.1 )% 4.9 % 10.0 % Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Class W Shares (10.3 )% (5.2 )% (0.1 )% 4.9 % 10.0 % Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Class U Shares (10.3 )% (5.2 )% (0.1 )% 4.9 % 10.0 % | | | | | | | |
Effects of Leverage, Purpose [Text Block] | | The following table is furnished in response to requirements of the SEC. It is designed to illustrate the effect of leverage on total returns from an investment in Institutional Shares, Class A Shares, Class W Shares and Class U Shares, respectively, assuming investment portfolio total returns (comprised of income and changes in the value of securities held in the Fund’s portfolio) of (10)%, (5)%, 0%, 5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns experienced or expected to be experienced by the Fund. See “Risks.” The table further reflects the use of leverage representing 25% of the Fund’s Managed Assets and the Fund’s currently projected annual leverage expense of 8.31%. | | | | | | | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Capital Stock [Table Text Block] | | DESCRIPTION OF SHARES Shares of Beneficial Interest The Fund is a statutory trust organized under the laws of Delaware pursuant to a Certificate of Fund, dated as of August 27, 2018, and the Declaration of Trust. The Fund is authorized to issue an unlimited number of Shares. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Trustees may authorize one or more classes of Shares, with Shares of each such class or series having such preferences, voting powers, terms of repurchase, if any, and special or relative rights or privileges (including conversion rights, if any) as the Board may determine. The Board may from time to time, without a vote of the common shareholders, divide, combine or, prior to the issuance of Shares, reclassify the Shares into a greater or lesser number without thereby changing the proportionate beneficial interest in such Shares. The Fund has received exemptive relief from the SEC to, among other things, issue multiple classes of Shares and to impose asset-based distribution fees and early-withdrawal fees as applicable. An investment in any Share class of the Fund represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund. However, the minimum investment amounts, sales loads, if applicable, and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class may be different. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set forth in “Summary of Fund Fees and Expenses.” The details of each class of Shares are set forth in “Plan of Distribution.” 163 There is currently no market for the Shares, and the Fund does not expect that a market for the Shares will develop in the foreseeable future. Any additional offerings of classes of Shares will require approval by the Board. Any additional offering of classes of Shares will also be subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act, which provides that such Shares may not be issued at a price below the then current NAV, exclusive of the sales load, except in connection with an offering to existing holders of Shares or with the consent of a majority of the Fund’s common shareholders. The following table shows the amounts of Shares that have been authorized and outstanding as of April 1, 2024: Title of Class Amount Authorized Amount Held by the Amount Outstanding Common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share Unlimited None 62,211,796.42 Institutional Shares Unlimited None 45,608,276.78 Class A Shares Unlimited None 11,283,542.81 Class W Shares Unlimited None 23,786.87 Class U Shares Unlimited None 5,296,189.96 Common Shares Each Share has one vote and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of this offering, will be fully paid and, under the Delaware Statutory Fund Act, the purchasers of the Shares will have no obligation to make further payments for the purchase of the Shares or contributions to the Fund solely by reason of their ownership of the Shares, except that the Trustees shall have the power to cause shareholders to pay certain expenses of the Fund by setting off charges due from shareholders from declared but unpaid dividends or distributions owed the shareholders and/or by reducing the number of Shares owned by each respective shareholder, and except for the obligation to repay any funds wrongfully distributed. Distributions may be made to the holders of the Fund’s Institutional Shares, Class A Shares, Class W Shares and Class U Shares at the same time and in different per Share amounts on such Institutional Shares, Class A Shares, Class W Shares and Class U Shares if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board. Although an investment in any class of Shares represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund, the purchase restrictions and ongoing fees and expenses for each share class are different, resulting in different NAVs and distributions for each class of Shares. See “Plan of Distribution.” If and whenever Preferred Shares are outstanding, the holders of Shares will not be entitled to receive any distributions from the Fund unless all accrued dividends on Preferred Shares have been paid, unless asset coverage (as defined in the Investment Company Act) with respect to Preferred Shares would be at least 200% after giving effect to the distributions and unless certain other requirements imposed by any rating agencies rating the Preferred Shares have been met. See “—Preferred Shares” below. All Shares are equal as to dividends, assets and voting privileges and have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights. The Fund will send annual and semi-annual reports, including financial statements, to all holders of its shares. Unlike open-end closed-end closed-end Preferred Shares The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board may authorize and issue Preferred Shares, with rights as determined by the Board, by action of the Board without the approval of the holders of Shares. Holders of Shares have no preemptive right to purchase any Preferred Shares that might be issued. See “Investment Policies and Techniques—Preferred Shares” in the SAI. Under the Investment Company Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue Preferred Shares unless immediately after such issuance the value of the Fund’s total assets is at least 200% of the liquidation value of the outstanding Preferred Shares (i.e., the liquidation value may not exceed 50% of the Fund’s total assets). In addition, the Fund is not permitted to declare any cash dividend or other distribution on its Shares unless, at the time of such declaration, the value of the Fund’s total assets is at least 200% of such liquidation value. If the Fund issues Preferred Shares, it may be subject to restrictions imposed by guidelines of one or more rating agencies that may issue ratings for Preferred Shares issued by the Fund. These guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed on the Fund by the Investment Company Act. It is not anticipated that these covenants or guidelines would impede the Advisor from managing the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and policies. Although the terms of any Preferred Shares that the Fund might issue in the future, including dividend rate, liquidation preference and redemption provisions, will be determined by the Board, subject to applicable law and the Declaration of Trust, it is likely that any such Preferred Shares issued would be structured to carry a relatively short-term dividend rate reflecting interest rates on short-term debt securities, by providing for the periodic redetermination of the dividend rate at relatively short intervals through a fixed spread or remarketing procedure, subject to a maximum rate which would increase over time in the event of an extended period of unsuccessful remarketing. The Fund also believes that it is likely that the liquidation preference, voting rights and redemption provisions of any such Preferred Shares would be similar to those stated below. Liquidation Preference Voting Rights sub-classification closed-end The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of any outstanding Preferred Shares, voting as a separate class, would be required Redemption, Purchase and Sale of Preferred Shares by the Fund Liquidity Feature The discussion above describes the possible offering of Preferred Shares by the Fund. If the Board determines to proceed with such an offering, the terms of the Preferred Shares may be the same as, or different from, the terms described above, subject to applicable law and the Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust. The Board, without the approval of the holders of Shares, may authorize an offering of Preferred Shares or may determine not to authorize such an offering, and may fix the terms of the Preferred Shares to be offered. | | | | | | | |
Security Voting Rights [Text Block] | | Voting Rights sub-classification closed-end | | | | | | | |
Security Liquidation Rights [Text Block] | | Liquidation Preference | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Securities [Table Text Block] | | The following table shows the amounts of Shares that have been authorized and outstanding as of April 1, 2024: Title of Class Amount Authorized Amount Held by the Amount Outstanding Common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share Unlimited None 62,211,796.42 Institutional Shares Unlimited None 45,608,276.78 Class A Shares Unlimited None 11,283,542.81 Class W Shares Unlimited None 23,786.87 Class U Shares Unlimited None 5,296,189.96 | | | | | | | |
Fixed Income Securities Risks [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Fixed Income Securities Risks Fixed income securities in which the Fund may invest are generally subject to the following risks: Interest Rate Risk The Fund’s intended use of leverage, including through the use of instruments such as reverse repurchase agreements and dollar roll transactions, will tend to increase the Fund’s interest rate risk. The Fund may utilize certain strategies, including taking positions in futures or interest rate swaps, for the purpose of reducing the interest rate sensitivity of fixed income securities held by the Fund and decreasing the Fund’s exposure to interest rate risk. The Fund is not required to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk and may choose not to do so. In addition, there is no assurance that any attempts by the Fund to reduce interest rate risk will be successful or that any hedges that the Fund may establish will perfectly correlate with movements in interest rates. The Fund may invest in variable and floating rate debt instruments, which generally are less sensitive to interest rate changes than longer duration fixed rate instruments, but may decline in value in response to rising interest rates if, for example, the rates at which they pay interest do not rise as much, or as quickly, as market interest rates in general. Conversely, variable and floating rate instruments generally will not increase in value if interest rates decline. The Fund also may invest in inverse floating rate debt securities, which may decrease in value if interest rates increase, and which also may exhibit greater price volatility than fixed rate debt obligations with similar credit quality. To the extent the Fund holds variable or floating rate instruments, a decrease (or, in the case of inverse floating rate securities, an increase) in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities, which may adversely affect the NAV of the Fund’s Shares. Issuer Risk Credit Risk Although the Fund may make investments that the Advisor believes are secured by specific collateral, the value of which may initially exceed the principal amount of such investments or the Fund’s fair value of such investments, there can be no assurance that the liquidation of any such collateral would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment non-marketable payments-in-kind, With respect to the Fund’s investments in any number of credit products, if the borrower or issuer breaches any of the covenants or restrictions under the credit agreement that governs loans of such issuer or borrower, it could result in a default under the applicable indebtedness as well as the indebtedness held by the Fund. Such default may allow the creditors to accelerate the related debt and may result in the acceleration of any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. This could result in an impairment or loss of the Fund’s investment or a pre-payment Similarly, while the Fund will generally target investing in companies it believes are of high quality, these companies could still present a high degree of business and credit risk. Companies in which the Fund invests could deteriorate as a result of, among other factors, an adverse development in their business, a change in the competitive environment or the continuation or worsening of the current (or any future) economic and financial market downturns and dislocations. As a result, companies that the Fund expected to be stable or improve may operate, or expect to operate, at a loss or have significant variations in operating results, may require substantial additional capital to support their operations or maintain their competitive position, or may otherwise have a weak financial condition or experience financial distress. In addition, exogenous factors such as fluctuations of the equity markets also could result in warrants and other equity securities or instruments owned by the Fund becoming worthless. Prepayment Risk Reinvestment Risk Duration and Maturity Risk estimate anticipated price changes to a fixed pool of income securities associated with changes in interest rates. For example, a duration of five years means that a 1% decrease in interest rates will increase the NAV of the portfolio by approximately 5%; if interest rates increase by 1%, the NAV will decrease by 5%. However, in a managed portfolio of fixed income securities having differing interest or dividend rates or payment schedules, maturities, redemption provisions, call or prepayment provisions and credit qualities, actual price changes in response to changes in interest rates may differ significantly from a duration-based estimate at any given time. Actual price movements experienced by a portfolio of fixed income securities will be affected by how interest rates move (i.e., changes in the relationship of long-term interest rates to short-term interest rates and in the relationship of interest rates for highly rated securities and rates for below investment grade securities), the magnitude of any move in interest rates, actual and anticipated prepayments of principal through call or redemption features, the extension of maturities through restructuring, the sale of securities for portfolio management purposes, the reinvestment of proceeds from prepayments on and from sales of securities, and credit quality-related considerations whether associated with financing costs to lower credit quality borrowers or otherwise, as well as other factors. Accordingly, while duration maybe a useful tool to estimate potential price movements in relation to changes in interest rates, investors are cautioned that duration alone will not predict actual changes in the net asset or market value of the Fund’s shares and that actual price movements in the Fund’s portfolio may differ significantly from duration-based estimates. Duration differs from maturity in that it takes into account a security’s yield, coupon payments and its principal payments in addition to the amount of time until the security finally matures. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration. Prices of securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. In general, a portfolio of securities with a longer duration can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a portfolio with a shorter duration. Any decisions as to the targeted duration or maturity of any particular category of investments or of the Fund’s portfolio generally will be made based on all pertinent market factors at any given time. The Fund may incur costs in seeking to adjust the portfolio’s average duration or maturity. There can be no assurances that the Advisor’s assessment of current and projected market conditions will be correct or that any strategy to adjust the portfolio’s duration or maturity will be successful at any given time. | | | | | | | |
Closed End Interval Fund Illiquidity of Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Closed-End The Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and designed primarily for long-term investors. An investment in the Shares, unlike an investment in a traditional listed closed-end open-end closed-end Although the Fund, as a fundamental policy, will make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, the number of Shares tendered in connection with a repurchase offer may exceed the number of Shares the Fund has offered to repurchase, in which case the Fund may not repurchase all of your Shares tendered in that offer. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is likely that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Hence, you may not be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. | | | | | | | |
Investment Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Investment Risk An investment in the Fund’s Shares is subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of the entire amount that you invest. As with any stock, the price of the Fund’s Shares will fluctuate with market conditions and other factors. If shares are sold, the price received may be more or less than the original investment. The Shares are designed for longer-term investors and the Fund should not be treated as a trading vehicle. At any point in time an investment in the Fund’s Shares may be worth less than the original amount invested, even after taking into account distributions paid by the Fund. During periods in which the Fund may use leverage, the Fund’s investment and certain other risks will be magnified. | | | | | | | |
Repurchase Offers Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Repurchase Offers Risk As described under “Periodic Repurchase Offers” below, the Fund is an “interval fund” and, in order to provide liquidity to shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 However, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio and portfolio turnover. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment performance. Payment for tendered Shares may require the liquidation of the Fund’s investments earlier than the Advisor would otherwise liquidate these holdings, potentially resulting in losses, and may increase the Fund’s portfolio turnover. Such liquidations may also cause the Fund to sell its more liquid investments, which may reduce the size of future repurchase offerings and may result in the Fund selling investments at inopportune times or at times prior to when the Advisor believes the Fund may be able to realize the best return on such investments. Additionally, because such liquidations may cause the Fund to sell its more liquid investments, common shareholders who choose not to tender into a repurchase offer will hold investments in a Fund whose portfolio may become increasingly illiquid. As the Fund’s portfolio becomes more illiquid, the Fund’s portfolio may become harder to value, and it may become harder for the Fund to dispose of its investments at prices the Advisor believes reflect their fair value, or at all, resulting in losses to the Fund and its shareholders. See “—Valuation Risk.” Diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities and may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities or to achieve its investment objective. Subject to the Fund’s investment restriction with respect to leverage, the Fund may utilize leverage to finance the repurchase of Shares. However, there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to obtain such financing. Moreover, if the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may compound the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will negatively affect shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses borne by common shareholders of the Fund (in addition to the increase in pro rata expenses that will result from having a smaller base of assets after any such repurchase offers over which to spread fixed expenses) and reducing any net investment income. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed, the Fund may determine to increase the amount repurchased by up to 2% of the outstanding Shares as of the date of the Repurchase Request Deadline. In the event that the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the repurchase offer amount, or if shareholders tender more than the repurchase offer amount plus 2% of the outstanding Shares as of the date of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis, and shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. As a result, shareholders may be unable to liquidate all or a given percentage of their investment in the Fund during a particular repurchase offer. Shareholders will be subject to the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Some shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur. Affiliates of the Fund may own Shares and determine to participate in the Fund’s repurchase offers, which may contribute to a repurchase offer being oversubscribed and the Fund effecting repurchases on a pro rata basis. A shareholder may be subject to market and other risks, and the NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request. See “Periodic Repurchase Offers.” In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund will generally be a taxable event to common shareholders. In a scenario where the Fund’s portfolio is becoming increasingly illiquid, the Board may determine that it is in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders to liquidate and dissolve the Fund. See “—Liquidation Scenarios.” | | | | | | | |
Distribution Payment Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Distribution Payment Risk The Fund cannot assure investors that the Fund will achieve investment results that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year In the event that the Fund encounters delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s distributions may constitute a return of capital to shareholders. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions that constitute a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities, and generally results in a reduction of the tax basis in the Shares. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the shareholder’s original investment. | | | | | | | |
Liquidation Scenarios [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Liquidation Scenarios The Board may determine at any time and in its discretion that it is in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders to liquidate and dissolve the Fund. Pursuant to the Fund’s Declaration of Trust, the dissolution of the Fund requires the affirmative vote of at least 80% of the Fund’s Trustees. A shareholder vote is not required to liquidate or dissolve the Fund. If the Board were to vote to dissolve and liquidate the Fund and the Fund’s investment portfolio is substantially illiquid, the Advisor would not likely be able to liquidate the Fund’s remaining assets in a short period of time. Rather, the Fund’s assets would likely be liquidated over an extended period of time, which could amount to several years or longer and, during such a liquidation period, shareholders remaining in the Fund would be subject to, among other risks, (i) the risk that these remaining assets may fluctuate in value prior to their ultimate disposition, (ii) the risk that the Fund may not realize what the Advisor believes to be the optimal value for such assets upon their disposition, (iii) the risk that the Fund may be forced to dispose of assets at a loss or may not be able to realize any significant profit from the investment position, and (iv) the risk that the Fund may lose the entire value of an investment upon its disposition. Additionally, the Fund may choose to hold its remaining assets in a liquidating trust or other similar vehicle, and the value of such assets would further be reduced by any expenses incurred by such liquidating trust. Moreover, it is likely that any assets remaining in the Fund or a liquidating trust (or similar vehicle) after an initial round of liquidation will be illiquid. In such a liquidation scenario, Shares will be entirely illiquid, and common shareholders should expect to have to bear the risks of having invested in the Fund for an indefinite period of time, should not expect to receive cash liquidating distributions within any set period of time or on a regular basis, and should not expect to realize the full NAV per Share of the applicable class of the Fund on the date the Board determines to dissolve the Fund. | | | | | | | |
Effect of Additional Subscriptions [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Effect of Additional Subscriptions The Fund intends to accept additional subscriptions for Shares, and such subscriptions will dilute the interest of existing shareholders in the Fund’s investment portfolio, which could have an adverse impact on the value of existing shareholders’ Shares. | | | | | | | |
Effect of Liquidation on Investment Objective [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Effect of Liquidation on Investment Objective If the Fund is in the process of a complete liquidation pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, in order to effect an orderly liquidation of the Fund’s assets, the Fund may not comply with its investment objective during liquidation. | | | | | | | |
Purchase Price Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Purchase Price Risk The purchase price at which an investor purchases Shares will be determined at each daily closing and will equal the NAV per Share of the applicable class as of such date, plus, with respect to Class A Shares and Class W Shares, the applicable sales load. As a result, in the event of an increase in the Fund’s NAV per Share of an applicable class, an investor’s purchase price may be higher than the prior daily closing price per Share of the applicable class, and therefore an investor may receive fewer Shares than if an investor had subscribed at the prior daily closing price. | | | | | | | |
Best Efforts Offering Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Best-Efforts Offering Risk This offering is being made on a reasonable best efforts basis, whereby the Distributor is only required to use its reasonable best efforts to sell the Shares and neither it nor any Dealer has a firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the Shares. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s investments among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result of allocating all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base. As a result, the Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective and an investor could lose some or all of the value of his or her investment in the Shares. The Distributor is an affiliate of the Fund and the Advisor. As a result, the Distributor’s due diligence review and investigation of the Fund and this prospectus cannot be considered to be an independent review. | | | | | | | |
Private Credit Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Private Credit Risk As part of its strategy, the Fund has a Private Credit Sleeve in which the Fund will seek to invest in select less liquid or illiquid private credit investments, generally involving corporate borrowers, that are believed to present the potential for higher yield and capital appreciation versus more liquid portions of the Fund’s portfolio. Typically, private credit investments are in restricted securities that are not traded in public markets and subject to substantial holding periods, so that the Fund may not be able to resell some of its holdings for extended periods, which may be several years. The Fund may, from time to time or over time, focus its private credit investments in a particular industry or sector or select industries or sectors. Investment performance of such industries or sectors may thus at times have an out-sized variability in the issuer’s cash flows, the size of the issuer, the quality of assets securing debt and the degree to which such assets cover the subject company’s debt obligations. The companies in which the Fund invests may be leveraged, often as a result of leveraged buyouts or other recapitalization transactions, and often will not be rated by national credit rating agencies. See “—Below Investment Grade Securities Risk.” | | | | | | | |
Valuation Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Valuation Risk The Fund is subject to valuation risk, which is the risk that one or more of the securities in which the Fund invests are valued at prices that the Fund is unable to obtain upon sale due to factors such as incomplete data, market instability or human error. The Advisor may use an independent pricing service or prices provided by dealers to value securities at their market value. Because the secondary markets for certain investments may be limited, such instruments may be difficult to value. When market quotations are not available, the Advisor may price such investments pursuant to a number of methodologies, such as computer-based analytical modeling or individual security evaluations. These methodologies generate approximations of market values, and there may be significant professional disagreement about the best methodology for a particular type of financial instrument or different methodologies that might be used under different circumstances. In the absence of an actual market transaction, reliance on such methodologies is essential, but may introduce significant variances in the ultimate valuation of the Fund’s investments. Technological issues and/or errors by pricing services or other third-party service providers may also impact the Fund’s ability to value its investments and the calculation of the Fund’s NAV. When market quotations are not readily available or are believed by the Advisor to be unreliable, the Advisor will fair value the Fund’s investments in accordance with its policies and procedures. Fair value represents a good faith approximation of the value of an asset or liability. The fair value of an asset or liability held by the Fund is the amount the Fund might reasonably expect to receive from the current sale of that asset or the cost to extinguish that liability in an arm’s-length A substantial portion of the Fund’s assets are expected to consist of securities of private companies for which there are no readily available market quotations. The information available in the marketplace for such companies, their securities and the status of their businesses and financial conditions is often extremely limited, outdated and difficult to confirm. Such securities are valued by the Fund daily at fair value as determined pursuant to policies and procedures approved by the Board. In determining fair value each day, the Advisor is required to consider all appropriate factors relevant to value and all indicators of value available to the Fund. The determination of fair value necessarily involves judgment in evaluating this information in order to determine the price that the Fund might reasonably expect to receive for the security upon its current sale. The most relevant information may often be provided by the issuer of the securities. Given the nature, timeliness, amount and reliability of information provided by the issuer, fair valuations may become more difficult and uncertain as such information is unavailable or becomes outdated. Because the Fund will value all of its assets daily, the Fund is subject to greater risk that the information available to determine fair value on any given day is uncertain, incomplete and potentially unreliable and, as a result, that the prices assigned to fair valued securities may not in fact represent approximately the price that the Fund could receive upon their current sale. The Advisor anticipates that approximately 30-50% The value at which the Fund’s investments can be liquidated may differ, sometimes significantly, from the valuations assigned by the Fund. In addition, the timing of liquidations may also affect the values obtained on liquidation. Securities held by the Fund may routinely trade with bid-offer The Fund’s NAV is a critical component in several operational matters including computation of advisory and services fees and determination of the price at which the Shares will be offered and at which a repurchase offer will be made. Consequently, variance in the valuation of the Fund’s investments will impact, positively or negatively, the fees and expenses shareholders will pay, the price a shareholder will receive in connection with a repurchase offer and the number of shares an investor will receive upon investing in the Fund. The Fund may need to liquidate certain investments, including illiquid investments, in order to repurchase Shares in connection with a repurchase offer. A subsequent decrease in the valuation of the Fund’s investments after a repurchase offer could potentially disadvantage remaining shareholders to the benefit of shareholders whose Shares were accepted for repurchase. Alternatively, a subsequent increase in the valuation of the Fund’s investments could potentially disadvantage shareholders whose Shares were accepted for repurchase to the benefit of remaining shareholders. Similarly, a subsequent decrease in the valuation of the Fund’s investments after a subscription could potentially disadvantage subscribing investors to the benefit of pre-existing pre-existing | | | | | | | |
Competition for Investment Opportunities [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Competition for Investment Opportunities The Fund competes for investments with other investment funds and institutional investors. Certain investors have increasingly begun to invest in areas in which they have not traditionally invested. As a result of these new entrants, competition for investment opportunities may intensify. Some of the Fund’s competitors are larger and may have greater financial and other resources than the Fund. For example, some competitors may have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some of the Fund’s competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments. These characteristics could allow the Fund’s competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and pay more competitive prices for investments than the Fund is able or willing to do. Furthermore, some of the Fund’s competitors may not be subject to the regulatory restrictions that the Investment Company Act imposes on it as a closed-end The Fund is prohibited under the Investment Company Act from participating in certain “joint” transactions with certain of its affiliates (as well as affiliated persons of such affiliated persons), which in certain circumstances could include investments in the same portfolio company (whether at the same or different times to the extent the transaction involves jointness), without prior approval from the SEC or reliance on an applicable exemptive rule under the Investment Company Act or other regulatory guidance. Among others, affiliated persons of the Fund may include other investment funds managed by the Advisor, the Sub-Advisors, BlackRock investment advisers. Even though the portion of the Fund sub-advised In addition, entering into certain transactions that are not deemed “joint” transactions (for purposes of the Investment Company Act and relevant guidance from the SEC) may potentially lead to joint transactions within the meaning of the Investment Company Act in the future. This may be the case, for example, with issuers who are near default and more likely to enter into restructuring or work-out Sub-Advisor A portion of the Private Credit Sleeve is managed by BCIA, as Sub-Advisor co-invest sub-advised Co-investments Co-Investment Co-Investment Co-Investment co-investments Co-Investment Co-Investment co-investments Co-Investment sub-advised co-invest As a result of the Co-Investment co-investment Co-Investment co-investment Co-Investment sub-advised Co-Investment co-investment Co-Investment co-investments sub-advised Co-Investment co-investment Affiliated investment funds currently existing or formed in the future may invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. As a result, the Advisor, BCIA and/or their affiliates may face conflicts in allocating investment opportunities between the Fund and such other entities. An investment opportunity that is suitable for multiple clients of the Advisor, BCIA and their affiliates may not be shared among some or all of such clients and affiliates due to the limited scale of the opportunity or other factors, including restrictions imposed by the Investment Company Act or the Fund. Although the Advisor, BCIA and their affiliates, in the aggregate, will allocate investment opportunities to the Fund in what they believe to be a fair and equitable manner over time, it is possible that over time the Fund may not be able to participate in certain investments made by affiliated investment funds that it might otherwise have desired to participate in. See “Conflicts of Interest” and “Management of the Fund—Portfolio Management—Potential Material Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI. | | | | | | | |
Corporate Bonds Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Corporate Bonds Risk The market value of a corporate bond generally may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The market value of intermediate and longer term corporate bonds is generally more sensitive to changes in interest rates than is the market value of shorter term corporate bonds. The market value of a corporate bond also may be affected by factors directly related to the issuer, such as investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s financial performance, perceptions of the issuer in the market place, performance of management of the issuer, the issuer’s capital structure and use of financial leverage and demand for the issuer’s goods and services. Certain risks associated with investments in corporate bonds are described elsewhere in this prospectus in further detail, including above under “—Fixed Income Securities Risks,” “Additional Risks—Inflation Risk” and “Additional Risks—Deflation Risks.” There is a risk that the issuers of corporate bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. Corporate bonds of below investment grade quality are often high risk and have speculative characteristics and may be particularly susceptible to adverse issuer-specific developments. Corporate bonds of below investment grade quality are subject to the risks described herein under “—Below Investment Grade Securities Risk.” | | | | | | | |
Below Investment Grade Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Below Investment Grade Securities Risk The Fund expects to invest in securities that are rated, at the time of investment, below investment grade quality (rated Ba/BB or below, or judged to be of comparable quality by the Advisor), which are commonly referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds and are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The value of high yield, lower quality bonds is affected by the creditworthiness of the issuers of the securities and by general economic and specific industry conditions. Issuers of high yield bonds are not perceived to be as strong financially as those with higher credit ratings. These issuers are more vulnerable to financial setbacks and recession than more creditworthy issuers, which may impair their ability to make interest and principal payments. Lower grade securities may be particularly susceptible to economic downturns. It is likely that an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on the value of such securities. In addition, it is likely that any such economic downturn could adversely affect the ability of the issuers of such securities to repay principal and pay interest thereon and increase the incidence of default for such securities. See “—Risk Associated with Recent Market Events.” Lower grade securities, though high yielding, are characterized by high risk. They may be subject to certain risks with respect to the issuing entity and to greater market fluctuations than certain lower yielding, higher rated securities. The secondary market for lower grade securities may be less liquid than that for higher rated securities. Adverse conditions could make it difficult at times for the Fund to sell certain securities or could result in lower prices than those used in calculating the Fund’s NAV. Because of the substantial risks associated with investments in lower grade securities, you could lose money on your investment in Shares of the Fund, both in the short-term and the long-term. The prices of fixed income securities generally are inversely related to interest rate changes; however, below investment grade securities historically have been somewhat less sensitive to interest rate changes than higher quality securities of comparable maturity because credit quality is also a significant factor in the valuation of lower grade securities. On the other hand, an increased rate environment results in increased borrowing costs generally, which may impair the credit quality of low-grade low-grade The ratings of Moody’s, S&P, Fitch and other rating agencies represent their opinions as to the quality of the obligations which they undertake to rate. Ratings are relative and subjective and, although ratings may be useful in evaluating the safety of interest and principal payments, they do not evaluate the market value risk of such obligations. Although these ratings may be an initial criterion for selection of portfolio investments, the Advisor also will independently evaluate these securities and the ability of the issuers of such securities to pay interest and principal. To the extent that the Fund invests in lower grade securities that have not been rated by a rating agency, the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective will be more dependent on the Advisor’s credit analysis than would be the case when the Fund invests in rated securities. The Fund may invest in securities rated in the lower rating categories (rated as low as D, or judged to be of comparable quality by the Advisor). For these securities, the risks associated with below investment grade instruments are more pronounced. The Fund may purchase stressed or distressed securities, including securities that are in default or the issuers of which are in bankruptcy, which involve heightened risks. See “—Distressed and Defaulted Securities Risk.” Given recent developments in the high-yield market, non-investment non-investment non-investment non-investment | | | | | | | |
Convertible Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Convertible Securities Risk The Fund may invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities generally offer lower interest or dividend yields than non-convertible The Fund may invest in synthetic convertible securities, which are created through a combination of separate securities that possess the two principal characteristics of a traditional convertible security. A holder of a synthetic convertible security faces the risk of a decline in the price of the security or the level of the index involved in the convertible component, causing a decline in the value of the security or instrument, such as a call option or warrant, purchased to create the synthetic convertible security. Should the price of the stock fall below the exercise price and remain there throughout the exercise period, the entire amount paid for the call option or warrant would be lost. Because a synthetic convertible security includes the income-producing component as well, the holder of a synthetic convertible security also faces the risk that interest rates will rise, causing a decline in the value of the income-producing instrument. Synthetic convertible securities are also subject to the risks associated with derivatives. The value of convertible securities is influenced by both the yield on nonconvertible securities of comparable issuers and by the value of the underlying common stock. The value of a convertible security viewed without regard to its conversion feature (i.e., strictly on the basis of its yield) is sometimes referred to as its “investment value.” To the extent interest rates change, the investment value of the convertible security typically will fluctuate. At the same time, however, the value of the convertible security will be influenced by its “conversion value,” which is the market value of the underlying common stock that would be obtained if the convertible security were converted. Conversion value fluctuates directly with the price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value of a convertible security is substantially below its investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. To the extent the conversion value of a convertible security increases to a point that approximates or exceeds its investment value, the price of the convertible security will be influenced principally by its conversion value. A convertible security will sell at a premium over the conversion value to the extent investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed income security. The yield and conversion premium of convertible securities issued in Japan and the Euromarket are frequently determined at levels that cause the conversion value to affect their market value more than the securities’ investment value. Holders of convertible securities generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in a charter provision, indenture or other governing instrument pursuant to which the convertible security was issued. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the security to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt security under certain circumstances. The Fund may also invest in synthetic convertible securities. Synthetic convertible securities may include either Cash-Settled Convertibles or Manufactured Convertibles. “Cash-Settled Convertibles” are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a Cash-Settled Convertible that is convertible into common stock only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. “Manufactured Convertibles” are created by the Advisor or another party by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e., fixed income (“fixed income component”) or a right to acquire equity securities (“convertibility component”). The fixed income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred stocks and money market instruments. The convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (“equity features”) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index. A Manufactured Convertible differs from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security that has a unitary market value, a Manufactured Convertible is comprised of two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total “market value” of such a Manufactured Convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed income component and its convertibility component. More flexibility is possible in the creation of a Manufactured Convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the Advisor may combine a fixed income instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed income instrument to create a synthetic convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The Advisor may also combine a fixed income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the Advisor believes such a Manufactured Convertible would better promote the Fund’s investment objective than alternative investments. For example, the Advisor may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuer’s stock with a fixed income security of a different issuer in the same industry to diversify the Fund’s credit exposure, or with a U.S. Treasury instrument to create a Manufactured Convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer. A Manufactured Convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, “combined” to create a Manufactured Convertible. For example, the Fund may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a Manufactured Convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more favorable market conditions. The value of a Manufactured Convertible may respond to certain market fluctuations differently from a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event the Fund created a Manufactured Convertible by combining a short-term U.S. Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the Manufactured Convertible would be expected to outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed income securities outperform Treasury instruments. | | | | | | | |
Contingent Convertible Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Contingent Convertible Securities Risk CoCos are subject to additional risk factors in addition to those related to convertible securities. CoCos are a newer form of instrument and the regulatory environment for these instruments continues to evolve. Because the market for such securities is evolving, it is uncertain how the larger market for CoCos would react to a trigger event, coupon cancellation, write-down of par value or coupon suspension (as described below) applicable to a single issuer. Following conversion of a CoCo, because the common stock of the issuer may not pay a dividend, investors in such securities could experience reduced yields or no yields at all. There are special risks associated with investing in CoCos, including: Loss Absorption Risk Subordinated Instruments winding-up Unpredictable Market Value Fluctuate. | | | | | | | |
Distressed and Defaulted Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Distressed and Defaulted Securities Risk Investments in the securities of financially distressed issuers are speculative and involve substantial risks. These securities may present a substantial risk of default or may be in default at the time of investment. The Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to a portfolio company, the Fund may lose its entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than its original investment. Among the risks inherent in investments in a troubled entity is the fact that it frequently may be difficult to obtain information as to the true financial condition of such issuer. The Advisor’s judgment about the credit quality of the issuer and the relative value and liquidity of its securities may prove to be wrong. Distressed securities and any securities received in an exchange for such securities may be subject to restrictions on resale. | | | | | | | |
Restricted and Illiquid Investments Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Restricted and Illiquid Investments Risk The Fund may invest without limitation in illiquid or less liquid investments or investments in which no secondary market is readily available or which are otherwise illiquid, including private placement securities. It is expected that approximately 30-50% Restricted securities are securities that may not be sold to the public without an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, or that may be sold only in a privately negotiated transaction or pursuant to an exemption from registration. For example, Rule 144A under the Securities Act provides an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for the resale of certain restricted securities to qualified institutional buyers, such as the Fund. However, an insufficient number of qualified institutional buyers interested in purchasing the Rule 144A-eligible securities that the Fund holds could affect adversely the marketability of certain Rule 144A securities, and the Fund might be unable to dispose of such securities promptly or at reasonable prices. When registration is required to sell a security, the Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and considerable time may pass before the Fund is permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If adverse market conditions develop during this period, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price than the price that prevailed when the Fund decided to sell. The Fund may be unable to sell restricted and other illiquid securities at opportune times or prices. | | | | | | | |
Leverage Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Leverage Risk The use of leverage creates an opportunity for increased common share net investment income distributions, but also creates risks for the holders of the Shares. The Fund cannot assure you that the use of leverage, if employed, will result in a higher yield on the Shares. Any leveraging strategy the Fund employs may not be successful. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for common shareholders, including: • the likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and distribution rate of the Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage; • the risk that fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings and short-term debt or in the interest or dividend rates on any leverage that the Fund must pay will reduce the return to the common shareholders; • the effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged; • when the Fund uses financial leverage, the investment advisory fee payable to the Advisor will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage; and • leverage may increase operating costs, which may reduce total return. Any decline in the NAV of the Fund’s investments will be borne entirely by the holders of Shares. Therefore, if the market value of the Fund’s portfolio declines, leverage will result in a greater decrease in NAV to the holders of Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged. While the Fund may from time to time consider reducing leverage in response to actual or anticipated changes in interest rates in an effort to mitigate the increased volatility of current income and NAV associated with leverage, there can be no assurances that the Fund will actually reduce leverage in the future or that any reduction, if undertaken, will benefit the holders of Shares. Changes in the future direction of interest rates are very difficult to predict accurately. If the Fund were to reduce leverage based on a prediction about future changes to interest rates, and that prediction turned out to be incorrect, the reduction in leverage would likely operate to reduce the income and/or total returns to holders of Shares relative to the circumstance where the Fund had not reduced leverage. The Fund may decide that this risk outweighs the likelihood of achieving the desired reduction to volatility in income and share price if the prediction were to turn out to be correct, and determine not to reduce leverage as described above. The Fund may utilize leverage through investment in derivatives. See “—Strategic Transactions and Derivatives Risk.” Under Rule 18f-4 value-at-risk. Because the Fund’s investment management fee is calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets, which include those assets purchased with leverage, during periods in which the Fund is using leverage, the fee paid to the Advisor will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage. Certain types of leverage used by the Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements. The Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments imposed by guidelines of one or more rating agencies, which may issue ratings for the short-term corporate debt securities or Preferred Shares issued by the Fund. These guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the Investment Company Act. The Advisor does not believe that these covenants or guidelines will impede it from managing the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and policies. In addition to the foregoing, the use of leverage treated as indebtedness of the Fund for U.S. federal income tax purposes may reduce the amount of Fund dividends that are otherwise eligible for the dividends received deduction in the hands of corporate shareholders. The Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies. Such securities may also be leveraged, and will therefore be subject to the leverage risks described above. This additional leverage may in certain market conditions reduce the NAV of the Fund’s Shares and the returns to the holders of Shares. | | | | | | | |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risks that the interest income earned on the investment of the proceeds will be less than the interest expense of the Fund, that the market value of the securities sold by the Fund may decline below the price at which the Fund is obligated to repurchase the securities and that the securities may not be returned to the Fund. There is no assurance that reverse repurchase agreements can be successfully employed. | | | | | | | |
Strategic Transactions and Derivatives Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Strategic Transactions and Derivatives Risk The Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts, enter into various interest rate transactions such as swaps, caps, floors or collars, currency transactions such as currency forward contracts, currency futures contracts, currency swaps or options on currency or currency futures and swap contracts (including, but not limited to, credit default swaps index products, credit default swaps, total return swaps (sometimes referred to as “contracts for difference”) and interest rate swaps) and may purchase and sell exchange-listed and over-the-counter Strategic Transactions involve risks. The risks associated with Strategic Transactions include (i) the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets, (ii) the possible default of the counterparty to the transaction, (iii) illiquidity of the derivative instruments, and (iv) high volatility losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited. Although both OTC and exchange-traded derivatives markets may experience a lack of liquidity, OTC non-standardized the Fund as premiums and cash or other assets held in margin accounts with respect to Strategic Transactions are not otherwise available to the Fund for investment purposes. Please see the Fund’s SAI for a more detailed description of Strategic Transactions and the various derivative instruments the Fund may use and the various risks associated with them. Exchange-traded derivatives and OTC derivative transactions submitted for clearing through a central counterparty are also subject to minimum initial and variation margin requirements set by the relevant clearinghouse, as well as possible SEC- or non-cleared non-cleared Many OTC derivatives are valued on the basis of dealers’ pricing of these instruments. However, the price at which dealers value a particular derivative and the price that the same dealers would actually be willing to pay for such derivative should the Fund wish or be forced to sell such position may be materially different. Such differences can result in an overstatement of the Fund’s NAV and may materially adversely affect the Fund in situations in which the Fund is required to sell derivative instruments. While hedging can reduce or eliminate losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains. Hedges are sometimes subject to imperfect matching between the derivative and the underlying security, and there can be no assurances that the Fund’s hedging transactions will be effective. Derivatives may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose the Fund to greater risk and increase its costs. Recent legislation calls for new regulation of the derivatives markets. The extent and impact of the regulation is not yet known and may not be known for some time. New regulation may make derivatives more costly, may limit the availability of derivatives, or may otherwise adversely affect the value or performance of derivatives. | | | | | | | |
Direct Lending Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Direct Lending Risk The Fund may make direct loans and engage in direct lending, which practice involves certain risks. If a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral. As a result, the Fund may be exposed to losses resulting from default and foreclosure. Any costs or delays involved in the effectuation of a foreclosure of the loan or a liquidation of the underlying assets will further reduce the proceeds and thus increase the loss. There is no assurance that the Fund will correctly evaluate the value of the assets collateralizing the loan. In the event of a reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to the borrower, the Fund may lose all or part of the amounts advanced to the borrower. There is no assurance that the protection of the Fund’s interests is adequate, including the validity or enforceability of the loan and the maintenance of the anticipated priority and perfection of the applicable security interests. Furthermore, there is no assurance that claims will not be asserted that might interfere with enforcement of the Fund’s rights. There are no restrictions on the credit quality of the Fund’s loans. Loans may be deemed to have substantial vulnerability to default in payment of interest and/or principal. There can be no assurance as to the levels of defaults and/or recoveries that may be experienced on loans in which the Fund has invested. Certain of the loans in which the Fund may invest have large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions, and may be considered to be predominantly speculative. Generally, such loans offer a higher return potential than better quality loans, but involve greater volatility of price and greater risk of loss of income and principal. The market values of certain of these loans also tend to be more sensitive to changes in economic conditions than better quality loans. Loans to issuers operating in workout modes or under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or the equivalent laws of member states of the European Union are, in certain circumstances, subject to certain potential liabilities that may exceed the amount of the loan. For example, under certain circumstances, lenders who have inappropriately exercised control of the management and policies of a debtor may have their claims subordinated or disallowed or may be found liable for damages suffered by parties as a result of such actions. Various state licensing requirements could apply to the Fund with respect to investments in, or the origination and servicing of, loans and similar assets. The licensing requirements could apply depending on the location of the borrower, the location of the collateral securing the loan, or the location where the Fund or Advisor operates or has offices. In states in which it is licensed, the Fund or Advisor will be required to comply with applicable laws and regulations, including consumer protection and anti-fraud laws, which could impose restrictions on the Fund’s or Advisor’s ability to take certain actions to protect the value of its investments in such assets and impose compliance costs. Failure to comply with such laws and regulations could lead to, among other penalties, a loss of the Fund’s or Advisor’s license, which in turn could require the Fund to divest assets located in or secured by real property located in that state. These risks will also apply to issuers and entities in which the Fund invests that hold similar assets, as well as any origination company or servicer in which the Fund owns an interest. Loan origination and servicing companies are routinely involved in legal proceedings concerning matters that arise in the ordinary course of their business. These legal proceedings range from actions involving a single plaintiff to class action lawsuits with potentially tens of thousands of class members. In addition, a number of participants in the loan origination and servicing industry (including control persons of industry participants) have been the subject of regulatory actions by state regulators, including state Attorneys General, and by the federal government. Governmental investigations, examinations or regulatory actions, or private lawsuits, including purported class action lawsuits, may adversely affect such companies’ financial results. To the extent the Fund seeks to engage in origination and/or servicing directly, or has a financial interest in, or is otherwise affiliated with, an origination or servicing company, the Fund will be subject to enhanced risks of litigation, regulatory actions and other proceedings. As a result, the Fund may be required to pay legal fees, settlement costs, damages, penalties or other charges, any or all of which could materially adversely affect the Fund and its investments. | | | | | | | |
U.S. Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | U.S. Securities Risk U.S. Securities generally involve lower levels of credit risk than other types of fixed income securities of similar maturities, although, as a result, the yields available from U.S. Securities are generally lower than the yields available from such other securities. Like other fixed income securities, the values of U.S. Securities change as interest rates fluctuate. On August 5, 2011, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating on U.S. Securities to AA+ from AAA. The downgrade by S&P and any future downgrades by other rating agencies could increase volatility in both stock and bond markets, result in higher interest rates and higher Treasury yields and increase borrowing costs generally. These events could have significant adverse effects on the economy generally and could result in significant adverse impacts on securities issuers and the Fund. The Advisor cannot predict the effects of these or similar events in the future on the U.S. economy and securities markets or on the Fund’s portfolio. | | | | | | | |
Non U.S. Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Non-U.S. The Fund may invest in Non-U.S. Non-U.S. Non-U.S. Fund to lose money on its investments in Non-U.S. Non-U.S. Non-U.S. Rules adopted under the Investment Company Act permit the Fund to maintain its Non-U.S. non-U.S. Non-U.S. Certain banks in foreign countries may not be eligible sub-custodians The economies of certain foreign markets may not compare favorably with the economy of the United States with respect to such issues as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of capital, resources and balance of payments position. Certain foreign economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Investments in foreign markets may also be adversely affected by governmental actions such as the imposition of capital controls, nationalization of companies or industries, expropriation of assets or the imposition of punitive taxes. In addition, economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events, military action and other conditions may, without prior warning, lead to the governments of certain countries, or the U.S. Government with respect to certain countries, prohibiting or imposing substantial restrictions through capital controls and/or sanctions on foreign investments in the capital markets or certain industries in those countries. Capital controls and/or sanctions may include the prohibition of, or restrictions on, the ability to own or transfer currency, securities, derivatives or other assets and may also include retaliatory actions of one government against another government, such as seizure of assets. Any of these actions could severely impair the Fund’s ability to purchase, sell, transfer, receive, deliver or otherwise obtain exposure to foreign securities and assets, including the ability to transfer the Fund’s assets or income back into the United States, and could negatively impact the value and/or liquidity of such assets or otherwise adversely affect the Fund’s operations, causing the Fund to decline in value. Other potential foreign market risks include foreign exchange controls, difficulties in pricing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, difficulties in enforcing legal judgments in foreign courts and political and social instability. Diplomatic and political developments, including rapid and adverse political changes, social instability, regional conflicts, terrorism and war, could affect the economies, industries and securities and currency markets, and the value of the Fund’s investments, in non-U.S. In general, less information is publicly available with respect to foreign issuers than is available with respect to U.S. companies. Accounting standards in other countries are not necessarily the same as in the United States. If the accounting standards in another country do not require as much detail as U.S. accounting standards, it may be harder for the Advisor to completely and accurately determine a company’s financial condition. Many foreign governments do not supervise and regulate stock exchanges, brokers and the sale of securities to the same extent as such regulations exist in the United States. They also may not have laws to protect investors that are comparable to U.S. securities laws. For example, some foreign countries may have no laws or rules against insider trading. Insider trading occurs when a person buys or sells a company’s securities based on material non-public Non-U.S. Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Foreign settlement and clearance procedures and trade regulations also may involve certain risks (such as delays in payment for or delivery of securities) not typically associated with the settlement of U.S. investments. Communications between the United States and foreign countries may be unreliable, increasing the risk of delayed settlements or losses of security certificates in markets that still rely on physical settlement. At times, settlements in certain foreign countries have not kept pace with the number of securities transactions. These problems may make it difficult for the Fund to carry out transactions. If the Fund cannot settle or is delayed in settling a purchase of securities, it may miss attractive investment opportunities and certain of its assets may be uninvested with no return earned thereon for some period. If the Fund cannot settle or is delayed in settling a sale of securities, it may lose money if the value of the security then declines or, if it has contracted to sell the security to another party, the Fund could be liable for any losses incurred. While the volume of transactions effected on foreign stock exchanges has increased in recent years, it remains appreciably below that of the NYSE. Accordingly, the Fund’s Non-U.S. A number of countries have authorized the formation of closed-end closed-end closed-end closed-end closed-end closed-end The Fund may file claims to recover withholding tax on dividend and interest income (if any) received from issuers in certain countries where such withholding tax reclaim is possible. Whether or when the Fund will receive a withholding tax refund in the future is within the control of the tax authorities in such countries. Where the Fund expects to recover withholding tax based on a continuous assessment of probability of recovery, the NAV of the Fund generally includes accruals for such tax refunds. The Fund continues to evaluate tax developments for potential impact to the probability of recovery. If the likelihood of receiving refunds materially decreases, for example due to a change in tax regulation or approach, accruals in the Fund’s NAV for such refunds may need to be written down partially or in full, which will adversely affect the Fund’s NAV. Investors in the Fund at the time an accrual is written down will bear the impact of any resulting reduction in NAV regardless of whether they were investors during the accrual period. Conversely, if the Fund receives a tax refund that has not been previously accrued, investors in the Fund at the time the claim is successful will benefit from any resulting increase in the Fund’s NAV. Investors who sold their shares prior to such time will not benefit from such NAV increase. | | | | | | | |
Emerging Markets Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Emerging Markets Risk The Fund may invest in Non-U.S. so-called speculative and entail all of the risks of investing in Non-U.S. non-existent Foreign investment in certain emerging market countries may be restricted or controlled to varying degrees. These restrictions or controls may at times limit or preclude foreign investment in certain emerging market issuers and increase the costs and expenses of the Fund. Certain emerging market countries require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign persons in a particular issuer, limit the amount of investment by foreign persons in a particular issuer, limit the investment by foreign persons only to a specific class of securities of an issuer that may have less advantageous rights than the classes available for purchase by domiciliaries of the countries and/or impose additional taxes on foreign investors. Emerging markets are more likely to experience hyperinflation and currency devaluations, which adversely affect returns to U.S. investors. In addition, many emerging markets have far lower trading volumes and less liquidity than developed markets. Since these markets are often small, they may be more likely to suffer sharp and frequent price changes or long-term price depression because of adverse publicity, investor perceptions or the actions of a few large investors. In addition, traditional measures of investment value used in the United States, such as price to earnings ratios, may not apply to certain small markets. Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. Many emerging markets have histories of political instability and abrupt changes in policies and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. As a result, their governments are more likely to take actions that are hostile or detrimental to private enterprise or foreign investment than those of more developed countries, including expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that the Fund could lose the entire value of its investments in the affected market. Some countries have pervasiveness of corruption and crime that may hinder investments. Certain emerging markets may also face other significant internal or external risks, including the risk of war, and ethnic, religious and racial conflicts. In addition, governments in many emerging market countries participate to a significant degree in their economies and securities markets, which may impair investment and economic growth. National policies that may limit the Fund’s investment opportunities include restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurances that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities for the Fund. Emerging markets may also have differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. Governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments. Sometimes, they may lack or be in the relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. Many emerging markets do not have income tax treaties with the United States, and as a result, investments by the Fund may be subject to higher withholding taxes in such countries. In addition, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors. Foreign companies with securities listed on U.S. exchanges may be delisted if they do not meet U.S. accounting standards and auditor oversight requirements, which may significantly decrease the liquidity and value of the securities. Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because the Fund will need to use brokers and counterparties that are less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets, and, along with other factors, could result in ownership registration being completely lost. The Fund would absorb any loss resulting from such registration problems and may have no successful claim for compensation. In addition, communications between the United States and emerging market countries may be unreliable, increasing the risk of delayed settlements or losses of security certificates. | | | | | | | |
Frontier Markets Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Frontier Markets Risk Frontier countries generally have smaller economies or less developed capital markets than traditional emerging markets, and, as a result, the risks of investing in emerging market countries are magnified in frontier countries. The economies of frontier countries are less correlated to global economic cycles than those of their more developed counterparts and their markets have low trading volumes and the potential for extreme price volatility and illiquidity. This volatility may be further heightened by the actions of a few major investors. For example, a substantial increase or decrease in cash flows of mutual funds investing in these markets could significantly affect local stock prices and, therefore, the NAV of Fund’s shares. These factors make investing in frontier countries significantly riskier than in other countries and any one of them could cause the NAV of a Fund’s shares to decline. Governments of many frontier countries in which the Fund may invest may exercise substantial influence over many aspects of the private sector. In some cases, the governments of such frontier countries may own or control certain companies. Accordingly, government actions could have a significant effect on economic conditions in a frontier country and on market conditions, prices and yields of securities in the Fund’s portfolio. Moreover, the economies of frontier countries may be heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be, adversely affected by trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade. These economies also have been and may continue to be adversely affected by economic conditions in the countries with which they trade. Certain foreign governments in countries in which the Fund may invest levy withholding or other taxes on dividend and interest income. Although in some countries a portion of these taxes are recoverable, the non-recovered From time to time, certain companies in which the Fund may invest may operate in, or have dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the U.S. government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the U.S. government as state sponsors of terrorism. A company may suffer damage to its reputation if it is identified as a company that operates in, or has dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the U.S. government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the U.S. government as state sponsors of terrorism. As an investor in such companies, the Fund will be indirectly subject to those risks. Investment in equity securities of issuers operating in certain frontier countries is restricted or controlled to varying degrees. These restrictions or controls may at times limit or preclude foreign investment in equity securities of issuers operating in certain frontier countries and increase the costs and expenses of the Fund. Certain frontier countries require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign persons, limit the amount of investment by foreign persons in a particular issuer, limit the investment by foreign persons only to a specific class of securities of an issuer that may have less advantageous rights than the classes available for purchase by domiciliaries of the countries and/or impose additional taxes on foreign investors. Certain frontier countries may also restrict investment opportunities in issuers in industries deemed important to national interests. Frontier countries may require governmental approval for the repatriation of investment income, capital or the proceeds of sales of securities by foreign investors, such as the Fund. In addition, if deterioration occurs in a frontier country’s balance of payments, the country could impose temporary restrictions on foreign capital remittances. The Fund could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, any required governmental approval for repatriation of capital, as well as by the application to the Fund of any restrictions on investments. Investing in local markets in frontier countries may require the Fund to adopt special procedures, seek local government approvals or take other actions, each of which may involve additional costs to the Fund. | | | | | | | |
EMU and Redenomination Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | EMU and Redenomination Risk Any partial or complete dissolution of the Economic and Monetary Union (the “EMU”) could have significant adverse effects on currency and financial markets, and on the values of the Fund’s portfolio investments. If one or more EMU countries were to stop using the Euro as its primary currency, the Fund’s investments in such countries may be redenominated into a different or newly adopted currency. As a result, the value of those investments could decline significantly and unpredictably. In addition, securities or other investments that are redenominated may be subject to foreign currency risk, liquidity risk and valuation risk to a greater extent than similar investments currently denominated in Euros. To the extent a currency used for redenomination purposes is not specified in respect of certain EMU-related | | | | | | | |
Foreign Currency Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Foreign Currency Risk Because the Fund may invest in securities denominated or quoted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign currency exchange rates may affect the value of securities held by the Fund and the unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments. Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and therefore may affect the value of securities denominated in such currencies, which means that the Fund’s NAV could decline as a result of changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. The Advisor may, but is not required to, elect for the Fund to seek to protect itself from changes in currency exchange rates through hedging transactions depending on market conditions. In addition, certain countries, particularly emerging market countries, may impose foreign currency exchange controls or other restrictions on the transferability, repatriation or convertibility of currency. | | | | | | | |
Sovereign Government and Supranational Debt Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Sovereign Government and Supranational Debt Risk Investments in sovereign debt involve special risks. Foreign governmental issuers of debt or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or pay interest when due. In the event of default, there may be limited or no legal recourse in that, generally, remedies for defaults must be pursued in the courts of the defaulting party. Political conditions, especially a sovereign entity’s willingness to meet the terms of its debt obligations, are of considerable significance. The ability of a foreign sovereign issuer, especially an emerging market country, to make timely payments on its debt obligations will also be strongly influenced by the sovereign issuer’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international credit facilities and investments, fluctuations of interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. The cost of servicing external debt will also generally be adversely affected by rising international interest rates, as many external debt obligations bear interest at rates which are adjusted based upon international interest rates. Also, there can be no assurances that the holders of commercial bank loans to the same sovereign entity may not contest payments to the holders of sovereign debt in the event of default under commercial bank loan agreements. In addition, there is no bankruptcy proceeding with respect to sovereign debt on which a sovereign has defaulted and the Fund may be unable to collect all or any part of its investment in a particular issue. Foreign investment in certain sovereign debt is restricted or controlled to varying degrees, including requiring governmental approval for the repatriation of income, capital or proceeds of sales by foreign investors. These restrictions or controls may at times limit or preclude foreign investment in certain sovereign debt and increase the costs and expenses of the Fund. | | | | | | | |
Tax Characterization Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Tax Characterization Risk As part of its strategy, the Fund has a Private Credit Sleeve in which the Fund will seek to invest in select less liquid or illiquid private credit investments, generally involving corporate borrowers, that are believed to present the potential for higher yield and capital appreciation versus more liquid portions of the Fund’s portfolio. While the amount of the Fund’s net assets allocated to such investments may vary over time, it is expected that approximately 30-50% | | | | | | | |
Yield and Ratings Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Yield and Ratings Risk The yields on debt obligations are dependent on a variety of factors, including general market conditions, conditions in the particular market for the obligation, the financial condition of the issuer, the size of the offering, the maturity of the obligation and the ratings of the issue. The ratings of Moody’s, S&P and Fitch, which are described in Appendix A to the SAI, represent their respective opinions as to the quality of the obligations they undertake to rate. Ratings, however, are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, obligations with the same rating, maturity and interest rate may have different market prices. Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, a rated security may cease to be rated. The Advisor will consider such an event in determining whether the Fund should continue to hold the security. | | | | | | | |
Unrated Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Unrated Securities Risk Because the Fund may purchase securities that are not rated by any rating organization, the Advisor may, after assessing their credit quality, internally assign ratings to certain of those securities in categories similar to those of rating organizations. Some unrated securities may not have an active trading market or may be difficult to value, which means the Fund might have difficulty selling them promptly at an acceptable price. To the extent that the Fund invests in unrated securities, the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective will be more dependent on the Advisor’s credit analysis than would be the case when the Fund invests in rated securities. | | | | | | | |
Debtor In Possession (DIP) Financing Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Debtor-In-Possession The Fund’s participation in DIP financings is subject to risks. DIP financings are arranged when an entity seeks the protections of the bankruptcy court under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code and must be approved by the bankruptcy court. These financings allow the entity to continue its business operations while reorganizing under Chapter 11. DIP financings are typically fully secured by a lien on the debtor’s otherwise unencumbered assets or secured by a junior lien on the debtor’s encumbered assets (so long as the loan is fully secured based on the most recent current valuation or appraisal report of the debtor). DIP financings are often required to close with certainty and in a rapid manner in order to satisfy existing creditors and to enable the issuer to emerge from bankruptcy or to avoid a bankruptcy proceeding. There is a risk that the borrower will not emerge from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings and be forced to liquidate its assets under Chapter 7 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. In the event of liquidation, the Fund’s only recourse will be against the property securing the DIP financing. | | | | | | | |
CDO Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | CDO Risk In addition to the general risks associated with fixed income securities discussed herein, CDOs, including CLOs, carry additional risks, including: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default; (iii) the possibility that the CDO securities are subordinate to other classes; and (iv) the complex structure of the security may not be fully understood at the time of investment and may produce disputes with the issuer or unexpected investment results. To the extent the Fund makes equity investments in CDOs, and depending on whether these investments are characterized as debt or equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes, these investments may raise additional U.S. federal income tax issues, including (i) those applicable to debt instruments, as described above, (ii) those applicable to a holder of an equity investment in a non-U.S. “—Non-U.S. The credit quality of CDOs depends primarily upon the quality of the underlying assets and the level of credit support and/or enhancement provided. The underlying assets (e.g., loans) of CDOs are subject to prepayments, which shorten the weighted average maturity and may lower the return of CDOs. If the credit support or enhancement is exhausted, losses or delays in payment may result if the required payments of principal and interest are not made. The transaction documents relating to the issuance of CDOs may impose eligibility criteria on the assets of the issuing SPE, restrict the ability of the investment manager to trade investments and impose certain portfolio-wide asset quality requirements. These criteria, restrictions and requirements may limit the ability of the SPE’s investment manager to maximize returns on the CDOs. In addition, other parties involved in structured products, such as third party credit enhancers and investors in the rated tranches, may impose requirements that have an adverse effect on the returns of the various tranches of CDOs. Furthermore, CDO transaction documents generally contain provisions that, in the event that certain tests are not met (generally interest coverage and over-collateralization tests at varying levels in the capital structure), proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to holders of a junior tranche must be diverted to pay down the senior tranches until such tests are satisfied. Failure (or increased likelihood of failure) of a CDO to make timely payments on a particular tranche will have an adverse effect on the liquidity and market value of such tranche. Payments to holders of CDOs may be subject to deferral. If cash flows generated by the underlying assets are insufficient to make all current and, if applicable, deferred payments on the CDOs, no other assets will be available for payment of the deficiency and, following realization of the underlying assets, the obligations of the issuer to pay such deficiency will be extinguished. The value of CDO securities also may change because of changes in the market’s perception of the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the pool, or the financial institution or fund providing the credit support or enhancement. Furthermore, the leveraged nature of each subordinated class may magnify the adverse impact on such class of changes in the value of the assets, changes in the distributions on the assets, defaults and recoveries on the assets, capital gains and losses on the assets, prepayment on the assets and availability, price and interest rates of the assets. CDOs are limited recourse, may not be paid in full and may be subject to up to 100% loss. CDOs are typically privately offered and sold, and thus are not registered under the securities laws. As a result, investments in CDOs may be characterized by the Fund as illiquid securities; however, an active dealer market may exist which would allow such securities to be considered liquid in some circumstances. | | | | | | | |
Limited Amortization Requirements [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Limited Amortization Requirements The Fund may invest in loans that have limited mandatory amortization requirements. While these loans may obligate an issuer to repay the loan out of asset sale proceeds, with annual excess cash flow or by refinancing upon maturity, repayment requirements may be subject to substantial limitations that would allow an issuer to retain such asset sale proceeds or cash flow, thereby extending the expected weighted average life of the investment. In addition, a low level of amortization of any debt over the life of the investment may increase the risk that an issuer will not be able to repay or refinance the loans held by the Fund when it matures. | | | | | | | |
Investments in Publicly Traded Companies [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Investments in Publicly Traded Companies The Fund’s investment portfolio may contain securities or instruments issued by publicly-held companies. Such investments may subject the Fund to risks that differ in type or degree from those involved with investments in privately-held companies. Such risks include, without limitation, greater volatility in the valuation of such companies, increased obligations to disclose information regarding such companies, limitations on the ability of the Fund to dispose of such securities or instruments at certain times, increased likelihood of shareholder litigation against such companies’ board members and increased costs associated with each of the aforementioned risks. In addition, in respect of the Fund’s publicly traded debt investments, the Fund will not obtain financial covenants or other contractual rights, including management rights, that it might otherwise be able to obtain in making privately-negotiated investments. Moreover, the Fund may not have the same access to information in connection with investments in public securities, either when investing a potential investment or after making an investment, as compared to privately-negotiated investments. Furthermore, the Fund may be limited in its ability to make investments, and to sell existing investments, in public securities because the Advisor may be deemed to have material, nonpublic information regarding the issuers of those securities or as a result of other internal policies. | | | | | | | |
Zero Coupon Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Zero Coupon Securities Risk Zero coupon securities are securities that are sold at a discount to par value and do not pay interest during the life of the security. The discount approximates the total amount of interest the security will accrue and compound over the period until maturity at a rate of interest reflecting the market rate of the security at the time of issuance. Upon maturity, the holder of a zero coupon security is entitled to receive the par value of the security. The Fund accrues income with respect to these securities for U.S. federal income tax and accounting purposes prior to the receipt of cash payments. Zero coupon securities may be subject to greater fluctuation in value and less liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions than comparably rated securities that pay cash interest at regular intervals. Further, to maintain its qualification for pass-through treatment under the U.S. federal tax laws, the Fund is required to distribute income to its shareholders and, consequently, may have to dispose of other, more liquid portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances or may have to leverage itself by borrowing in order to generate the cash to satisfy these distributions. The required distributions may result in an increase in the Fund’s exposure to zero coupon securities. In addition to the above-described risks, there are certain other risks related to investing in zero coupon securities. During a period of severe market conditions, the market for such securities may become even less liquid. In addition, as these securities do not pay cash interest, the Fund’s investment exposure to these securities and their risks, including credit risk, will increase during the time these securities are held in the Fund’s portfolio. | | | | | | | |
Pay in Kind Bonds Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Pay-in-Kind The Fund may invest in PIK Bonds. PIK Bonds are bonds which pay interest through the issuance of additional debt or equity securities. Similar to zero coupon obligations, pay-in-kind pay-in-kind pay-in-kind | | | | | | | |
Senior Loans Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Senior Loans Risk Senior Loans typically hold the most senior position in the capital structure of the issuing entity, are typically secured with specific collateral and typically have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the Borrower that is senior to that held by subordinated debt holders and stockholders of the Borrower. The Fund’s investments in Senior Loans are typically below investment grade and are considered speculative because of the credit risk of their issuer. The risks associated with Senior Loans are similar to the risks of below investment grade fixed income securities, although Senior Loans are typically senior and secured in contrast to other below investment grade fixed income securities, which are often subordinated and unsecured. See “—Below Investment Grade Securities Risk.” Senior Loans’ higher standing has historically resulted in generally higher recoveries in the event of a corporate reorganization. In addition, because their interest payments are typically adjusted for changes in short-term interest rates, investments in Senior Loans generally have less interest rate risk than other below investment grade fixed income securities, which may have fixed interest rates. There is less readily available, reliable information about most Senior Loans than is the case for many other types of securities. In addition, there is no minimum rating or other independent evaluation of a Borrower or its securities limiting the Fund’s investments, and the Advisor relies primarily on its own evaluation of a Borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent sources. As a result, the Fund is particularly dependent on the analytical ability of the Advisor. The Fund may invest in Senior Loans rated below investment grade, which are considered speculative because of the credit risk of their issuers. Such companies are more likely to default on their payments of interest and principal owed to the Fund, and such defaults could reduce the Fund’s NAV and income distributions. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment No active trading market may exist for certain Senior Loans, which may impair the ability of the Fund to realize full value in the event of the need to sell a Senior Loan and may make it difficult to value Senior Loans. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded Senior Loans, meaning that the Fund may not be able to sell them quickly at a fair price. To the extent that a secondary market does exist for certain Senior Loans, the market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. Illiquid investments are also difficult to value. Although the Senior Loans in which the Fund may invest generally will be secured by specific collateral, there can be no assurances that liquidation of such collateral would satisfy the Borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment Senior Loans are subject to legislative risk. If legislation or state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on the ability of financial institutions to make loans, the availability of Senior Loans for investment by the Fund may be adversely affected. In addition, such requirements or restrictions could reduce or eliminate sources of financing for certain Borrowers. This would increase the risk of default. If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital requirements this may cause financial institutions to dispose of Senior Loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such sales could result in prices that, in the opinion of the Advisor, do not represent fair value. If the Fund attempts to sell a Senior Loan at a time when a financial institution is engaging in such a sale, the price the Fund could receive for the Senior Loan may be adversely affected. The Fund may acquire Senior Loan assignments or participations. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with respect to the debt obligation; however, the purchaser’s rights can be more restricted than those of the assigning institution, and, in any event, the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral. A participation typically results in a contractual relationship only with the institution participating out the interest, not with the Borrower. In purchasing participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the Borrower with the terms of the loan agreement against the Borrower and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation. As a result, the Fund will be exposed to the credit risk of both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation. The Fund’s investments in Senior Loans may be subject to lender liability risk. Lender liability refers to a variety of legal theories generally founded on the premise that a lender has violated a duty of good faith, commercial reasonableness and fair dealing or a similar duty owed to the Borrower, or has assumed an excessive degree of control over the Borrower resulting in the creation of a fiduciary duty owed to the Borrower or its other creditors or shareholders. Because of the nature of its investments, the Fund may be subject to allegations of lender liability. In addition, under common law principles that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, a court may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged creditor or creditors. | | | | | | | |
Second Lien Loans Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Second Lien Loans Risk Second Lien Loans generally are subject to similar risks as those associated with investments in Senior Loans. Because Second Lien Loans are subordinated or unsecured and thus lower in priority of payment to Senior Loans, they are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the Borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations of the Borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Second Lien Loans generally have greater price volatility than Senior Loans and may be less liquid. Second Lien Loans share the same risks as other below investment grade securities. | | | | | | | |
Mezzanine Investments Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Mezzanine Investments Risk Mezzanine securities generally are rated below investment grade and frequently are unrated and present many of the same risks as senior loans, second lien loans and non-investment | | | | | | | |
Corporate Loans Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Corporate Loans Risk Commercial banks and other financial institutions or institutional investors make corporate loans to companies that need capital to grow or restructure. Borrowers generally pay interest on corporate loans at rates that change in response to changes in market interest rates such as SOFR or the prime rates of U.S. banks. As a result, the value of corporate loan investments is generally less exposed to the adverse effects of shifts in market interest rates than investments that pay a fixed rate of interest. However, because the trading market for certain corporate loans may be less developed than the secondary market for bonds and notes, the Fund may experience difficulties in selling its corporate loans. Transactions in corporate loans may settle on a delayed basis. As a result, the proceeds from the sale of corporate loans may not be readily available to make additional investments or to meet the Fund’s redemption obligations. To the extent the extended settlement process gives rise to short-term liquidity needs, the Fund may hold additional cash, sell investments or temporarily borrow from banks and other lenders. Leading financial institutions often act as agent for a broader group of lenders, generally referred to as a syndicate. The syndicate’s agent arranges the corporate loans, holds collateral and accepts payments of principal and interest. If the agent develops financial problems, the Fund may not recover its investment or recovery may be delayed. By investing in a corporate loan, the Fund may become a member of the syndicate. The market for corporate loans may be subject to irregular trading activity and wide bid/ask spreads. The corporate loans in which the Fund invests are subject to the risk of loss of principal and income. Although borrowers frequently provide collateral to secure repayment of these obligations they do not always do so. If they do provide collateral, the value of the collateral may not completely cover the borrower’s obligations at the time of a default. If a borrower files for protection from its creditors under the U.S. bankruptcy laws, these laws may limit the Fund’s rights to its collateral. In addition, the value of collateral may erode during a bankruptcy case. In the event of a bankruptcy, the holder of a corporate loan may not recover its principal, may experience a long delay in recovering its investment and may not receive interest during the delay. | | | | | | | |
Risks of Loan Assignments and Participations [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Risks of Loan Assignments and Participations As the purchaser of an assignment, the Fund typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with respect to the debt obligation; however, the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral. Because assignments may be arranged through private negotiations between potential assignees and potential assignors, the rights and obligations acquired by the Fund as the purchaser of an assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assigning lender. In addition, if the loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any collateral and could bear the costs and liabilities of owning and disposing of the collateral. The Fund may be required to pass along to a purchaser that buys a loan from the Fund by way of assignment a portion of any fees to which the Fund is entitled under the loan. In connection with purchasing participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement relating to the loan, nor any rights of set-off set-off | | | | | | | |
Reference Rate Replacement Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Reference Rate Replacement Risk The Fund may be exposed to financial instruments that recently transitioned from, or continue to be tied to, LIBOR to determine payment obligations, financing terms, hedging strategies or investment value. The United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, has ceased publishing all LIBOR settings. In April 2023, however, the FCA announced that some USD LIBOR settings will continue to be published under a synthetic methodology until September 30, 2024 for certain legacy contracts. SOFR is a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities in the repurchase agreement (“repo”) market and has been used increasingly on a voluntary basis in new instruments and transactions. Under U.S. regulations that implement a statutory fallback mechanism to replace LIBOR, benchmark rates based on SOFR have replaced LIBOR in certain financial contracts. Neither the effect of the LIBOR transition process nor its ultimate success can yet be known. While some existing LIBOR-based instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate-setting methodology, there may be significant uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of any such alternative methodologies to replicate LIBOR. Not all existing LIBOR-based instruments may have alternative rate-setting provisions and there remains uncertainty regarding the willingness and ability of issuers to add alternative rate-setting provisions in certain existing instruments. Parties to contracts, securities or other instruments using LIBOR may disagree on transition rates or the application of transition regulation, potentially resulting in uncertainty of performance and the possibility of litigation. The Fund may have instruments linked to other interbank offered rates that may also cease to be published in the future. | | | | | | | |
Trade Claims Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Trade Claims Risk Trade claims are typically unsecured and may be subordinated to other unsecured obligations of a debtor, and generally are subject to defenses of the debtor with respect to the underlying transaction giving rise to the trade claim. Trade claims are subject to risks not generally associated with standardized securities and instruments due to the idiosyncratic nature of the claims purchased. These risks include the risk that the debtor may contest the allowance of the claim due to disputes the debtor has with the original claimant or the inequitable conduct of the original claimant, or due to administrative errors in connection with the transfer of the claim. Recovery on allowed trade claims may also be impaired if the anticipated dividend payable on unsecured claims in the bankruptcy is not realized or if the timing of the bankruptcy distribution is delayed. As a result of the foregoing factors, trade claims are also subject to the risk that if the Fund does receive payment, it may be in an amount less than what the Fund paid for or otherwise expects to receive in respect of the claim. In addition, because they are not negotiable instruments, trade claims are typically less liquid than negotiable instruments. Given these factors, trade claims often trade at a discount to other pari passu instruments. | | | | | | | |
Insolvency of Issuers of Indebtedness Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Insolvency of Issuers of Indebtedness Risk Various laws enacted for the protection of creditors may apply to indebtedness in which the Fund invests. The information in this and the following paragraph is applicable with respect to U.S. issuers subject to U.S. federal bankruptcy law. Insolvency considerations may differ with respect to other issuers. If, in a lawsuit brought by an unpaid creditor or representative of creditors of an issuer of indebtedness, a court were to find that the issuer did not receive fair consideration or reasonably equivalent value for incurring the indebtedness and that, after giving effect to such indebtedness, the issuer (i) was insolvent, (ii) was engaged in a business for which the remaining assets of such issuer constituted unreasonably small capital or (iii) intended to incur, or believed that it would incur, debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature, such court could determine to invalidate, in whole or in part, such indebtedness as a fraudulent conveyance, to subordinate such indebtedness to existing or future creditors of such issuer, or to recover amounts previously paid by such issuer in satisfaction of such indebtedness. The measure of insolvency for purposes of the foregoing will vary. Generally, an issuer would be considered insolvent at a particular time if the sum of its debts was then greater than all of its property at a fair valuation, or if the present fair saleable value of its assets was then less than the amount that would be required to pay its probable liabilities on its existing debts as they became absolute and matured. There can be no assurances as to what standard a court would apply in order to determine whether the issuer was “insolvent” after giving effect to the incurrence of the indebtedness in which the Fund invested or that, regardless of the method of valuation, a court would not determine that the issuer was “insolvent” upon giving effect to such incurrence. In addition, in the event of the insolvency of an issuer of indebtedness in which the Fund invests, payments made on such indebtedness could be subject to avoidance as a “preference” if made within a certain period of time (which may be as long as one year) before insolvency. The Fund does not anticipate that it will engage in conduct that would form the basis for a successful cause of action based upon fraudulent conveyance, preference or subordination. There can be no assurances, however, as to whether any lending institution or other party from which the Fund may acquire such indebtedness engaged in any such conduct (or any other conduct that would subject such indebtedness and the Fund to insolvency laws) and, if it did, as to whether such creditor claims could be asserted in a U.S. court (or in the courts of any other country) against the Fund. Indebtedness consisting of obligations of non-U.S. non-sovereign | | | | | | | |
Mortgage Related Securities Risks [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Mortgage Related Securities Risks Investing in MBS entails various risks. MBS represent an interest in a pool of mortgages. The risks associated with MBS include: credit risk associated with the performance of the underlying mortgage properties and of the borrowers owning these properties; risks associated with their structure and execution (including the collateral, the process by which principal and interest payments are allocated and distributed to investors and how credit losses affect issuing vehicles and the return to investors in such MBS); whether the collateral represents a fixed set of specific assets or accounts, whether the underlying collateral assets are revolving or closed-end, of a particular type or in MBS issued or guaranteed by affiliated obligors, serviced by the same servicer or backed by underlying collateral located in a specific geographic region, may subject the Fund to additional risk. To the extent the Fund invests in junior tranches of MBS, it will be subject to additional risks, including the risk that proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to the Fund may be diverted to pay down more senior tranches. When market interest rates decline, more mortgages are refinanced and the securities are paid off earlier than expected. Prepayments may also occur on a scheduled basis or due to foreclosure. During such periods, the reinvestment of prepayment proceeds by the Fund will generally be at lower rates than the rates that were carried by the obligations that have been prepaid. When market interest rates increase, the market values of MBS decline. At the same time, however, mortgage refinancings and prepayments slow, lengthening the effective maturities of these securities. As a result, the negative effect of the rate increase on the market value of MBS is usually more pronounced than it is for other types of fixed income securities. Moreover, the relationship between borrower prepayments and changes in interest rates may mean some high-yielding mortgage related and other ABS have less potential for increases in value if market interest rates were to fall than conventional bonds with comparable maturities. In general, losses on a mortgaged property securing a mortgage loan included in a securitization will be borne first by the equity holder of the property, then by a cash reserve fund or letter of credit, if any, then by the holder of a mezzanine loan or B-Note, “B-Piece” B-Notes, MBS generally are classified as either RMBS or CMBS, each of which are subject to certain specific risks as further described below. RMBS Risks. RMBS are securities the payments on which depend primarily on the cash flow from residential mortgage loans made to borrowers that are secured by residential real estate. Non-agency Agency RMBS Risks. MBS issued by FNMA or FHLMC are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA or FHLMC, but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. In 2008, the FHFA placed FNMA and FHLMC into conservatorship. FNMA and FHLMC are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship and each remains liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its MBS. As the conservator, FHFA succeeded to all rights, titles, powers and privileges of FNMA and FHLMC and of any stockholder, officer or director of FNMA and FHLMC with respect to FNMA and FHLMC and the assets of FNMA and FHLMC. In connection with the conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury entered into an agreement with each of FNMA and FHLMC that contains various covenants that severely limit each enterprise’s operations. There is no assurance that the obligations of such entities will be satisfied in full, or that such obligations will not decrease in value or default. Non-Agency Non-agency non-governmental Non-agency Borrower Credit Risk. Credit-related risk on RMBS arises from losses due to delinquencies and defaults by the borrowers in payments on the underlying mortgage loans and breaches by originators and servicers of their obligations under the underlying documentation pursuant to which the RMBS are issued. Non-agency Legal Risks. Legal risks associated with RMBS can arise as a result of the procedures followed in connection with the origination of the mortgage loans or the servicing thereof, which may be subject to various federal and state laws (including, without limitation, predatory lending laws), public policies and principles of equity that regulate interest rates and other charges, require certain disclosures, require licensing of originators, prohibit discriminatory lending practices, regulate the use of consumer credit information and debt collection practices and may limit the servicer’s ability to collect all or part of the principal of or interest on a residential mortgage loan, entitle the borrower to a refund of amounts previously paid by it or subject the servicer to damages and sanctions. Specifically, provisions of federal predatory lending laws, such as the federal Truth-in-Lending In most but not all cases, the amount recoverable against a purchaser or assignee under such assignee liability provisions is limited to amounts previously paid and still owed by the borrower. Moreover, sellers of residential mortgage loans to an issuer of RMBS typically represent that the loans have been originated in accordance with all applicable laws and in the event such representation is breached, the seller typically must repurchase the offending loan. Notwithstanding these protections, an issuer of RMBS may be exposed to an unquantifiable amount of potential assignee liability because, first, the amount of potential assignee liability under certain predatory lending laws is unclear and has yet to be litigated, and, second, in the event a predatory lending law does not prohibit class action lawsuits, it is possible that an issuer of RMBS could be liable for damages for more than the original principal amount of the offending loans held by it. In such circumstances the issuer of RMBS may be forced to seek contribution from other parties, who may no longer exist or have adequate funds available to fund such contribution. In addition, structural and legal risks of RMBS include the possibility that, in a bankruptcy or similar proceeding involving the originator or the servicer (often the same entity or affiliates), the assets of the issuer could be treated as never having been truly sold by the originator to the issuer and could be substantively consolidated with those of the originator, or the transfer of such assets to the issuer could be voided as a fraudulent transfer. Challenges based on such doctrines could result also in cash flow delays and losses on the related issue of RMBS. Mortgage Loan Market Risk. In the past, the residential mortgage market in the United States has experienced difficulties that adversely affected the performance and market value of certain mortgages and mortgage related securities. Delinquencies and losses on residential mortgage loans (especially sub-prime At any one time, a portfolio of RMBS may be backed by residential mortgage loans that are highly concentrated in only a few states or regions. As a result, the performance of such residential mortgage loans may be more susceptible to a downturn in the economy, including in particular industries that are highly represented in such states or regions, natural calamities and other adverse conditions affecting such areas. Another factor that may contribute to, and may in the future result in, higher delinquency and default rates is the increase in monthly payments on ARMs. Any increase in prevailing market interest rates may result in increased payments for borrowers who have ARMs. Moreover, with respect to hybrid mortgage loans (which are mortgage loans combining fixed and adjustable rate features) after their initial fixed rate period or other adjustable-rate mortgage loans, interest-only products or products having a lower rate, and with respect to mortgage loans with a negative amortization feature which reach their negative amortization cap, borrowers may experience a substantial increase in their monthly payment even without an increase in prevailing market interest rates. Increases in payments for borrowers may result in increased rates of delinquencies and defaults on residential mortgage loans underlying the non-agency As a result of rising concerns about increases in delinquencies and defaults on residential mortgage loans (particularly on sub-prime non-agency non-agency non-agency non-agency The Fund may acquire RMBS backed by collateral pools of mortgage loans that have been originated using underwriting standards that are less restrictive than those used in underwriting “prime mortgage loans” and “Alt-A “sub-prime” Sub-prime CMBS Risks. CMBS are, generally, securities backed by obligations (including certificates of participation in obligations) that are principally secured by mortgages on real property or interests therein having a multifamily or commercial use, such as regional malls, other retail space, office buildings, industrial or warehouse properties, hotels, nursing homes and senior living centers. The market for CMBS developed more recently and, in terms of total outstanding principal amount of issues, is relatively small compared to the market for single-family RMBS. CMBS are subject to particular risks, including lack of standardized terms, shorter maturities than residential mortgage loans and payment of all or substantially all of the principal only at maturity rather than regular amortization of principal. Additional risks may be presented by the type and use of a particular commercial property. Special risks are presented by hospitals, nursing homes, hospitality properties and certain other property types. Commercial property values and net operating income are subject to volatility, which may result in net operating income becoming insufficient to cover debt service on the related mortgage loan. The repayment of loans secured by income-producing properties is typically dependent upon the successful operation of the related real estate project rather than upon the liquidation value of the underlying real estate. Furthermore, the net operating income from and value of any commercial property is subject to various risks, including changes in general or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments; the solvency of the related tenants; declines in real estate values; declines in rental or occupancy rates; increases in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses; changes in governmental rules, regulations and fiscal policies; acts of God; new and ongoing epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases and other global health events; natural/environmental disasters; terrorist threats and attacks and social unrest and civil disturbances. Consequently, adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances are more likely to have an adverse impact on MBS secured by loans on commercial properties than on those secured by loans on residential properties. In addition, commercial lending generally is viewed as exposing the lender to a greater risk of loss than one- one- The exercise of remedies and successful realization of liquidation proceeds relating to CMBS is also highly dependent on the performance of the servicer or special servicer. In many cases, overall control over the special servicing of related underlying mortgage loans will be held by a “directing certificateholder” or a “controlling class representative,” which is appointed by the holders of the most subordinate class of CMBS in such series. The Fund may not have the right to appoint the directing certificateholder. In connection with the servicing of the specially serviced mortgage loans, the related special servicer may, at the direction of the directing certificateholder, take actions with respect to the specially serviced mortgage loans that could adversely affect the Fund’s interests. There may be a limited number of special servicers available, particularly those that do not have conflicts of interest. The Fund may invest in subordinated CMBS issued or sponsored by commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, private mortgage insurance companies and other non-governmental “B-Pieces.” CMO Risk. There are certain risks associated specifically with CMOs. CMOs are debt obligations collateralized by mortgage loans or mortgage pass-through securities. The average life of a CMO is determined using mathematical models that incorporate prepayment assumptions and other factors that involve estimates of future economic and market conditions. Actual future results may vary from these estimates, particularly during periods of extreme market volatility. Further, under certain market conditions, such as those that occurred during the recent downturn in the mortgage markets, the weighted average life of certain CMOs may not accurately reflect the price volatility of such securities. For example, in periods of supply and demand imbalances in the market for such securities and/or in periods of sharp interest rate movements, the prices of CMOs may fluctuate to a greater extent than would be expected from interest rate movements alone. CMOs issued by private entities are not obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and are not guaranteed by any government agency, although the securities underlying a CMO may be subject to a guarantee. Therefore, if the collateral securing the CMO, as well as any third party credit support or guarantees, is insufficient to make payments when due, the holder could sustain a loss. Inverse floating rate CMOs are typically more volatile than fixed or floating rate tranches of CMOs. Many inverse floating rate CMOs have coupons that move inversely to a multiple of an index. The effect of the coupon varying inversely to a multiple of an applicable index creates a leverage factor. Inverse floaters based on multiples of a stated index are designed to be highly sensitive to changes in interest rates and can subject the holders thereof to extreme reductions of yield and loss of principal. The market for inverse floating rate CMOs with highly leveraged characteristics at times may be very thin. The Fund’s ability to dispose of its positions in such securities will depend on the degree of liquidity in the markets for such securities. It is impossible to predict the amount of trading interest that may exist in such securities, and therefore the future degree of liquidity. The Fund may also invest in real estate mortgage investment conduits, which are CMOs that qualify for special tax treatment under the Code and invest in certain mortgages principally secured by interests in real property and other permitted investments. Credit Risk Associated With Originators and Servicers of Mortgage Loans. A number of originators and servicers of residential and commercial mortgage loans, including some of the largest originators and servicers in the residential and commercial mortgage loan market, have experienced serious financial difficulties, and in some cases have been subject to federal insolvency proceedings. These difficulties have resulted from many factors, including increased competition among originators for borrowers, decreased originations by such originators of mortgage loans and increased delinquencies and defaults on such mortgage loans, as well as from increases in claims for repurchases of mortgage loans previously sold by them under agreements that require repurchase in the event of breaches of representations regarding loan quality and characteristics. Such difficulties may affect the performance of MBS backed by mortgage loans. Furthermore, the inability of the originator to repurchase such mortgage loans in the event of loan representation breaches or the servicer to repurchase such mortgage loans upon a breach of its servicing obligations also may affect the performance of related MBS. Delinquencies and losses on, and, in some cases, claims for repurchase by the originator of, mortgage loans originated by some mortgage lenders have recently increased as a result of inadequate underwriting procedures and policies, including inadequate due diligence, failure to comply with predatory and other lending laws and, particularly in the case of any “no documentation” or “limited documentation” mortgage loans that may support non-agency non-agency The servicers of non-agency foreclosure. In recent years, a number of lenders specializing in residential mortgages have sought bankruptcy protection, shut down or been refused further financings from their lenders. MBS typically provide that the servicer is required to make advances in respect of delinquent mortgage loans. However, servicers experiencing financial difficulties may not be able to perform these obligations or obligations that they may have to other parties of transactions involving these securities. Like originators, these entities are typically very highly leveraged. Such difficulties may cause servicers to default under their financing arrangements. In certain cases, such entities may be forced to seek bankruptcy protection. Due to the application of the provisions of bankruptcy law, servicers who have sought bankruptcy protection may not be required to advance such amounts. Even if a servicer were able to advance amounts in respect of delinquent mortgage loans, its obligation to make such advances may be limited to the extent that it does not expect to recover such advances due to the deteriorating credit of the delinquent mortgage loans or declining value of the related mortgaged properties. Moreover, servicers may overadvance against a particular mortgage loan or charge too many costs of resolution or foreclosure of a mortgage loan to a securitization, which could increase the potential losses to holders of MBS. In such transactions, a servicer’s obligation to make such advances may also be limited to the amount of its servicing fee. In addition, if an issue of MBS provides for interest on advances made by the servicer, in the event that foreclosure proceeds or payments by borrowers are not sufficient to cover such interest, such interest will be paid to the servicer from available collections or other mortgage income, thereby reducing distributions made on the MBS and, in the case of senior-subordinated MBS described below, first from distributions that would otherwise be made on the most subordinated MBS of such issue. Any such financial difficulties may increase the possibility of a servicer termination and the need for a transfer of servicing and any such liabilities or inability to assess such liabilities may increase the difficulties and costs in affecting such transfer and the potential loss, through the allocation of such increased cost of such transfer, to subordinated security holders. There can be no assurances that originators and servicers of mortgage loans will not continue to experience serious financial difficulties or experience such difficulties in the future, including becoming subject to bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, or that underwriting procedures and policies and protections against fraud will be sufficient in the future to prevent such financial difficulties or significant levels of default or delinquency on mortgage loans. Because the recent financial difficulties experienced by such originators and servicers is unprecedented and unpredictable, the past performance of the residential and commercial mortgage loans originated and serviced by them (and the corresponding performance of the related MBS) is not a reliable indicator of the future performance of such residential mortgage loans (or the related MBS). In some cases, servicers of MBS have been the subject of legal proceedings involving the origination and/or servicing practices of such servicers. Large groups of private litigants and states’ attorneys general have brought such proceedings. Because of the large volume of mortgage loans originated and serviced by such servicers, such litigation can cause heightened financial strain on servicers. In other cases, origination and servicing practices may cause or contribute to such strain, because of representation and warranty repurchase liability arising in MBS and mortgage loan sale transactions. Any such financial strain could cause servicers to service below required standards, causing delinquencies and losses in any related MBS transaction to rise, and in extreme cases could cause the servicer to seek the protection of any applicable bankruptcy or insolvency law. In any such proceeding, it is unclear whether the fees that the servicer charges in such transactions would be sufficient to permit that servicer or a successor servicer to service the mortgage loans in such transaction adequately. If such fees had to be increased, it is likely that the most subordinated security holders in such transactions would be effectively required to pay such increased fees. Finally, these entities may be the subject of future laws designed to protect consumers from defaulting on their mortgage loans. Such laws may have an adverse effect on the cash flows paid under such MBS. In addition, certain lenders who service and/or issue MBS have recently announced that they are being investigated by or have received information requests from U.S. federal and/or state authorities, including the SEC. As a result of such investigations and other similar investigations and general concerns about the adequacy or accuracy of disclosure of risks to borrowers and their understanding of such risks, U.S. financial regulators have recently indicated that they may propose new guidelines for the mortgage industry. Guidelines, if introduced, together with the other factors described herein, may make it more difficult for borrowers with weaker credit to refinance, which may lead to further increases in delinquencies, extensions in duration and losses in mortgage related assets. Adjustable Rate Mortgage Risk. ARMs contain maximum and minimum rates beyond which the mortgage interest rate may not vary over the lifetime of the security. In addition, many ARMs provide for additional limitations on the maximum amount by which the mortgage interest rate may adjust for any single adjustment period. Alternatively, certain ARMs contain limitations on changes in the required monthly payment. In the event that a monthly payment is not sufficient to pay the interest accruing on an ARM, any excess interest is added to the principal balance of the mortgage loan, which is repaid through future monthly payments. If the monthly payment for such an instrument exceeds the sum of the interest accrued at the applicable mortgage interest rate and the principal payment required at such point to amortize the outstanding principal balance over the remaining term of the loan, the excess is used to reduce the then-outstanding principal balance of the ARM. In addition, certain ARMs may provide for an initial fixed, below-market or “teaser” interest rate. During this initial fixed rate period, the payment due from the related mortgagor may be less than that of a traditional loan. However, after the “teaser” rate expires, the monthly payment required to be made by the mortgagor may increase dramatically when the interest rate on the mortgage loan adjusts. This increased burden on the mortgagor may increase the risk of delinquency or default on the mortgage loan and in turn, losses on the MBS into which that loan has been bundled. This risk may be increased as increases in prevailing market interest rates, which are currently near historical lows, may result in increased payments for borrowers with ARMs. Stripped MBS Risk. Stripped MBS may be subject to additional risks. One type of stripped MBS pays to one class all of the interest from the mortgage assets (the “IO class”), while the other class will receive all of the principal (the “PO class”). The yield to maturity on an IO class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the underlying mortgage assets and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s yield to maturity from these securities. If the assets underlying the IO class experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to recoup fully, or at all, its initial investment in these securities. Conversely, PO class securities tend to decline in value if prepayments are slower than anticipated. Additional Risks of Mortgage Related Securities. Additional risks associated with investments in MBS include: Interest Rate Risk Structural Risk Subordination Risk non-fulfillment Prepayment, Extension and Redemption Risks Except in the case of certain types of RMBS, the mortgage loans underlying RMBS generally do not contain prepayment penalties and a reduction in market interest rates will increase the likelihood of prepayments on the related RMBS. In the case of certain home equity loan securities and certain types of RMBS, even though the underlying mortgage loans often contain prepayment premiums, such prepayment premiums may not be sufficient to discourage borrowers from prepaying their mortgage loans in the event of a reduction in market interest rates, resulting in a reduction in the yield to maturity for holders of the related RMBS. RMBS typically contain provisions that require repurchase of mortgage loans by the originator or other seller in the event of a breach of a representation or warranty regarding loan quality and characteristics of such loan. Any repurchase of a mortgage loan as a result of a breach has the same effect on the yield received on the related issue of RMBS as a prepayment of such mortgage loan. Any increase in breaches of representations and the consequent repurchases of mortgage loans that result from inadequate underwriting procedures and policies and protections against fraud will have the same effect on the yield on the related RMBS as an increase in prepayment rates. Risk of prepayment may be reduced for commercial real estate property loans containing significant prepayment penalties or prohibitions on principal payments for a period of time following origination. MBS also are subject to extension risk. Extension risk is the possibility that rising interest rates may cause prepayments to occur at a slower than expected rate. This particular risk may effectively change a security which was considered short or intermediate term into a long-term security. The values of long-term securities generally fluctuate more widely in response to changes in interest rates than short or intermediate-term securities. In addition, MBS may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer. If a MBS held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the issuer to redeem or “pay-off” Spread Widening Risk Liquidity Risk | | | | | | | |
Asset Backed Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Asset-Backed Securities Risk Asset-backed securities (“ABS”) involve certain risks in addition to those presented by MBS. There is the possibility that recoveries on the underlying collateral may not, in some cases, be available to support payments on these securities. Relative to MBS, ABS may provide the Fund with a less effective security interest in the underlying collateral and are more dependent on the borrower’s ability to pay. If many borrowers on the underlying loans default, losses could exceed the credit enhancement level and result in losses to investors in an ABS transaction. Finally, ABS have structure risk due to a unique characteristic known as early amortization, or early payout, risk. Built into the structure of most ABS are triggers for early payout, designed to protect investors from losses. These triggers are unique to each transaction and can include a significant rise in defaults on the underlying loans, a sharp drop in the credit enhancement level or the bankruptcy of the originator. Once early amortization begins, all incoming loan payments (after expenses are paid) are used to pay investors as quickly as possible based upon a predetermined priority of payment, meaning that proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to holders of a junior tranche may be diverted to pay down more senior tranches. The collateral underlying ABS may constitute assets related to a wide range of industries and sectors, such as credit card and automobile receivables. Credit card receivables are generally unsecured and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which give debtors the right to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thereby reducing the balance due. The Credit CARD Act of 2009 imposes new regulations on the ability of credit card issuers to adjust the interest rates and exercise various other rights with respect to indebtedness extended through credit cards. The Fund and the Advisor cannot predict what effect, if any, such regulations might have on the market for ABS and such regulations may adversely affect the value of ABS owned by the Fund. Most issuers of automobile receivables permit the servicers to retain possession of the underlying obligations. If the servicer were to sell these obligations to another party, there is a risk that the purchaser would acquire an interest superior to that of the holders of the related automobile receivables. In addition, because of the large number of vehicles involved in a typical issuance and technical requirements under state laws, the trustee for the holders of the automobile receivables may not have an effective security interest in all of the obligations backing such receivables. If the economy of the United States deteriorates, defaults on securities backed by credit card, automobile and other receivables may increase, which may adversely affect the value of any ABS owned by the Fund. There is the possibility that recoveries on the underlying collateral may not, in some cases, be available to support payments on these securities. In the past, certain automobile manufacturers have been granted access to emergency loans from the U.S. Government and have experienced bankruptcy. These events may adversely affect the value of securities backed by receivables from the sale or lease of automobiles. Some ABS, particularly home equity loan transactions, are subject to interest rate risk and prepayment risk. A change in interest rates can affect the pace of payments on the underlying loans, which in turn, affects total return on the securities. | | | | | | | |
Equity Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Equity Securities Risk Stock markets are volatile, and the prices of equity securities fluctuate based on changes in a company’s financial condition and overall market and economic conditions. Although common stocks have historically generated higher average total returns than fixed income securities over the long-term, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in those returns and, in certain periods, have significantly under- performed relative to fixed income securities. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock held by the Fund. A common stock may also decline due to factors which affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an industry. The value of a particular common stock held by the Fund may decline for a number of other reasons that directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage, the issuer’s historical and prospective earnings, the value of its assets and reduced demand for its goods and services. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks to which the Fund has exposure. Common stock prices fluctuate for several reasons, including changes in investors’ perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuers occur. In addition, common stock prices may be particularly sensitive to rising interest rates, as the cost of capital rises and borrowing costs increase. Common equity securities in which the Fund may invest are structurally subordinated to preferred stock, bonds and other debt instruments in a company’s capital structure in terms of priority to corporate income and are therefore inherently more risky than preferred stock or debt instruments of such issuers. | | | | | | | |
Preferred Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Preferred Securities Risk The Fund may invest in preferred securities. There are special risks associated with investing in preferred securities, including: Deferral Risk Subordination Risk Limited Voting Rights Risk Special Redemption Rights Risk Trust Preferred Securities Risk Trust preferred securities are typically junior and fully subordinated liabilities of an issuer and benefit from a guarantee that is junior and fully subordinated to the other liabilities of the guarantor. In addition, trust preferred securities typically permit an issuer to defer the payment of income for five years or more without triggering an event of default. Because of their subordinated position in the capital structure of an issuer, the ability to defer payments for extended periods of time without default consequences to the issuer, and certain other features (such as restrictions on common dividend payments by the issuer or ultimate guarantor when full cumulative payments on the trust preferred securities have not been made), these trust preferred securities are often treated as close substitutes for traditional preferred securities, both by issuers and investors. Trust preferred securities include but are not limited to trust originated preferred securities (“TOPRS ® ® ® ® ® ® Trust preferred securities are typically issued with a final maturity date, although some are perpetual in nature. In certain instances, a final maturity date may be extended and/or the final payment of principal may be deferred at the issuer’s option for a specified time without default. No redemption can typically take place unless all cumulative payment obligations have been met, although issuers may be able to engage in open-market repurchases without regard to whether all payments have been paid. Many trust preferred securities are issued by trusts or other SPEs established by operating companies and are not a direct obligation of an operating company. At the time the trust or SPE sells such preferred securities to investors, it purchases debt of the operating company (with terms comparable to those of the trust or SPE securities), which enables the operating company to deduct for tax purposes the interest paid on the debt held by the trust or SPE. The trust or SPE is generally required to be treated as transparent for U.S. federal income tax purposes such that the holders of the trust preferred securities are treated as owning beneficial interests in the underlying debt of the operating company. Accordingly, payments on the trust preferred securities are treated as interest rather than dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The trust or SPE in turn would be a holder of the operating company’s debt and would have priority with respect to the operating company’s earnings and profits over the operating company’s common shareholders, but would typically be subordinated to other classes of the operating company’s debt. Typically a preferred share has a rating that is slightly below that of its corresponding operating company’s senior debt securities. New Types of Securities Risk | | | | | | | |
Dividend Paying Equity Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Dividend Paying Equity Securities Risk Dividends on common equity securities which the Fund may hold are not fixed but are declared at the discretion of an issuer’s board of directors. Companies that have historically paid dividends on their securities are not required to continue to pay dividends on such securities. There is no guarantee that the issuers of the common equity securities in which the Fund invests will declare dividends in the future or that, if declared, they will remain at current levels or increase over time. Therefore, there is the possibility that such companies could reduce or eliminate the payment of dividends in the future. Dividend producing equity securities, in particular those whose market price is closely related to their yield, may exhibit greater sensitivity to interest rate changes. See “—Fixed Income Securities Risks—Interest Rate Risk.” The Fund’s investments in dividend producing equity securities may also limit its potential for appreciation during a broad market advance. The prices of dividend producing equity securities can be highly volatile. Investors should not assume that the Fund’s investments in these securities will necessarily reduce the volatility of the Fund’s NAV or provide “protection,” compared to other types of equity securities, when markets perform poorly. | | | | | | | |
Growth Stock Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Growth Stock Risk Securities of growth companies may be more volatile since such companies usually invest a high portion of earnings in their business, and they may lack the dividends of value stocks that can cushion stock prices in a falling market. Stocks of companies the Advisor believes are fast-growing may trade at a higher multiple of current earnings than other stocks. The values of these stocks may be more sensitive to changes in current or expected earnings than the values of other stocks. Earnings disappointments often lead to sharply falling prices because investors buy growth stocks in anticipation of superior earnings growth. If the Advisor’s assessment of the prospects for a company’s earnings growth is wrong, or if the Advisor’s judgment of how other investors will value the company’s earnings growth is wrong, then the price of the company’s stock may fall or may not approach the value that the Advisor has placed on it. | | | | | | | |
Value Stock Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Value Stock Risk The Advisor may be wrong in its assessment of a company’s value and the stocks the Fund owns may not reach what the Advisor believes are their full values. A particular risk of the Fund’s value stock investments is that some holdings may not recover and provide the capital growth anticipated or a stock judged to be undervalued may actually be appropriately priced. Further, because the prices of value-oriented securities tend to correlate more closely with economic cycles than growth-oriented securities, they generally are more sensitive to changing economic conditions, such as changes in interest rates, corporate earnings, and industrial production. The market may not favor value-oriented stocks and may not favor equities at all. During those periods, the Fund’s relative performance may suffer. | | | | | | | |
Covenant Lite Loans Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | “Covenant-Lite” Loans Risk Some of the loans in which the Fund may invest or get exposure to through its investments in CDOs or other types of structured securities may be “covenant-lite” loans, which means the loans contain fewer maintenance covenants than other loans (in some cases, none) and do not include terms which allow the lender to monitor the performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. An investment by the Fund in a covenant-lite loan may potentially hinder the ability to reprice credit risk associated with the issuer and reduce the ability to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. The Fund may also experience delays in enforcing its rights on its holdings of covenant-lite loans. As a result of these risks, the Fund’s exposure to losses may be increased, which could result in an adverse impact on the Fund’s net income and NAV. Structured Notes Risk Equity-Linked Notes Risk Credit-Linked Notes Risk Event-Linked Securities Risk low-severity, low-probability pay-off | | | | | | | |
Investment Companies and ETFs Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Investment Companies and ETFs Risk Subject to the limitations set forth in the Investment Company Act and the Fund’s governing documents or as otherwise permitted by the SEC, the Fund may acquire shares in other affiliated and unaffiliated investment companies, including ETFs or BDCs. The market value of the shares of other investment companies may differ from their NAV. As an investor in investment companies, including ETFs or BDCs, the Fund would bear its ratable share of that entity’s expenses, including its investment advisory and administration fees, while continuing to pay its own advisory and administration fees and other expenses (to the extent not offset by the Advisor through waivers). As a result, shareholders will be absorbing duplicate levels of fees with respect to investments in other investment companies, including ETFs or BDCs. The securities of other investment companies, including ETFs or BDCs, in which the Fund may invest may be leveraged. As a result, the Fund may be indirectly exposed to leverage through an investment in such securities. An investment in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs or BDCs, that use leverage may expose the Fund to higher volatility in the market value of such securities and the possibility that the Fund’s long-term returns on such securities (and, indirectly, the long-term returns of the Fund’s Shares) will be diminished. ETFs are generally not actively managed and may be affected by a general decline in market segments relating to its index. An ETF typically invests in securities included in, or representative of, its index regardless of their investment merits and does not attempt to take defensive positions in declining markets. | | | | | | | |
Subsidiary Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Subsidiary Risk By investing in any Subsidiary, the Fund will be indirectly exposed to the risks associated with such Subsidiary’s investments. The instruments that will be held by any Subsidiary will generally be similar to those that are permitted to be held by the Fund and will be subject to the same risks that apply to similar investments if held directly by the Fund. The Subsidiaries will not be registered under the Investment Company Act, and, unless otherwise noted in this prospectus, will not be subject to all the investor protections of the Investment Company Act. However, the Fund will wholly own and control any Subsidiary, and the Fund and any Subsidiary will each be managed by the Advisor and share the same portfolio management team. The Fund’s Board will have oversight responsibility for the investment activities of the Fund, including its investment in the Subsidiaries, and the Fund’s role as sole shareholder of any Subsidiary. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or any jurisdiction in which a Subsidiary is formed could result in the inability of the Fund and/or any Subsidiary to operate as described in this prospectus and the SAI and could adversely affect the Fund. For example, changes in U.S. tax laws could affect the U.S. tax treatment of, or consequences of owning, the Fund or the Subsidiaries, including under the RIC rules. | | | | | | | |
Counterparty Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Counterparty Risk The Fund will be subject to credit risk with respect to the counterparties to the derivative contracts purchased by the Fund. Because derivative transactions in which the Fund may engage may involve instruments that are not traded on an Exchange (as defined herein) or cleared through a central counterparty but are instead traded between counterparties based on contractual relationships, the Fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty will not perform its obligations under the related contracts. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in bankruptcy or other reorganization proceedings. The Fund may obtain only a limited recovery, or may obtain no recovery, in such circumstances. Although the Fund intends to enter into transactions only with counterparties that the Advisor believes to be creditworthy, there can be no assurances that, as a result, a counterparty will not default and that the Fund will not sustain a loss on a transaction. In the event of the counterparty’s bankruptcy or insolvency, the Fund’s collateral may be subject to the conflicting claims of the counterparty’s creditors, and the Fund may be exposed to the risk of a court treating the Fund as a general unsecured creditor of the counterparty, rather than as the owner of the collateral. While the Fund may seek to manage its counterparty risk by transacting with a number of counterparties, concerns about the solvency of, or a default by, one large market participant could lead to significant impairment of liquidity and other adverse consequences for other counterparties. The counterparty risk for cleared derivatives is generally lower than for uncleared OTC derivative transactions since generally a clearing organization becomes substituted for each counterparty to a cleared derivative contract and, in effect, guarantees the parties’ performance under the contract as each party to a trade looks only to the clearing organization for performance of financial obligations under the derivative contract. However, there can be no assurances that a clearing organization, or its members, will satisfy its obligations to the Fund, or that the Fund would be able to recover the full amount of assets deposited on its behalf with the clearing organization in the event of the default by the clearing organization or the Fund’s clearing broker. In addition, cleared derivative transactions benefit from daily marking-to-market Financial services companies, including those that serve as counterparties to the Fund, may be adversely affected by, among other things: (i) changes in governmental regulation, which may limit both the amounts and the types of loans and other financial commitments financial services companies can make, the interest rates and fees they can charge, the scope of their activities, the prices they can charge and the amount of capital they must maintain; (ii) fluctuations, including as a result of interest rate changes or increased competition, in the availability and cost of capital funds on which the profitability of financial services companies is largely dependent; (iii) deterioration of the credit markets; (iv) credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers, especially when financial services companies are exposed to non-diversified In addition, the Fund is subject to the risk that issuers of the instruments in which it invests and trades may default on their obligations under those instruments, and that certain events may occur that have an immediate and significant adverse effect on the value of those instruments. There can be no assurances that an issuer of an instrument in which the Fund invests will not default, or that an event that has an immediate and significant adverse effect on the value of an instrument will not occur, and that the Fund will not sustain a loss on a transaction as a result. | | | | | | | |
Risk Associated with Recent Market Events [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Risk Associated with Recent Market Events While interest rates have been historically low in recent years in the United States and abroad, inflation rates have recently risen significantly and the Federal Reserve and other central banks have recently begun raising interest rates to address inflation which, among other factors, has led to markets experiencing high volatility. A significant increase in interest rates may cause a further decline in the market for equity securities and could lead to a recession. Further, regulators have expressed concern that rate increases may contribute to price volatility. The impact of inflation and the recent actions of the Federal Reserve have led to market volatility and may negatively affect the value of debt instruments held by the Fund and result in a negative impact on the Fund’s performance. See “Risks—Inflation Risk.” Political and diplomatic events within the United States, including a contentious domestic political environment, changes in political party control of one or more branches of the U.S. government, the U.S. government’s inability at times to agree on a long-term budget and deficit reduction plan, the threat of a U.S. government shutdown, and disagreements over, or threats not to increase, the U.S. government’s borrowing limit (or “debt ceiling”), as well as political and diplomatic events abroad, may affect investor and consumer confidence and may adversely impact financial markets and the broader economy, perhaps suddenly and to a significant degree. A downgrade of the ratings of U.S. government debt obligations, or concerns about the U.S. government’s credit quality in general, could have a substantial negative effect on the U.S. and global economies. For example, concerns about the U.S. government’s credit quality may cause increased volatility in the stock and bond markets, higher interest rates, reduced prices and liquidity of U.S. Treasury securities, and/or increased costs of various kinds of debt. Moreover, although the U.S. government has honored its credit obligations, there remains a possibility that the United States could default on its obligations. The consequences of such an unprecedented event are impossible to predict, but it is likely that a default by the United States would be highly disruptive to the U.S. and global securities markets and could significantly impair the value of the Fund’s investments. In recent years, some countries, including the United States, have adopted and/or are considering the adoption of more protectionist trade policies. A rise in protectionist trade policies, and the possibility of changes to some international trade agreements, could affect the economies of many nations in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. In addition, geopolitical and other risks, including environmental and public health risks, may add to instability in world economies and markets generally. Economies and financial markets throughout the world are becoming increasingly interconnected. As a result, whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to countries experiencing economic, political and/or financial difficulties, the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments may be negatively affected by such events. An outbreak of an infectious coronavirus (COVID-19) | | | | | | | |
Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk The occurrence of events similar to those in recent years, such as the aftermath of the war in Iraq, instability in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Egypt, Libya, Syria and the Middle East, international war or conflict (including the Israel-Hamas war), new and ongoing epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases and other global health events, natural/environmental disasters, terrorist attacks in the United States and around the world, social and political discord, debt crises (such as the Greek crisis), sovereign debt downgrades, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, increasingly strained relations between the United States and a number of foreign countries, including historical adversaries, such as North Korea, Iran, China and Russia, and the international community generally, new and continued political unrest in various countries, such as Venezuela and Spain, the exit or potential exit of one or more countries from the EU or the EMU, and continued changes in the balance of political power among and within the branches of the U.S. government, among others, may result in market volatility, may have long term effects on the U.S. and worldwide financial markets, and may cause further economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide. Russia launched a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. The extent and duration of the military action, resulting sanctions and resulting future market disruptions, including declines in its stock markets and the value of the ruble against the U.S. dollar, in the region are impossible to predict, but could be significant. Any such disruptions caused by Russian military action or other actions (including cyberattacks and espionage) or resulting actual and threatened responses to such activity, including purchasing and financing restrictions, boycotts or changes in consumer or purchaser preferences, sanctions, tariffs or cyberattacks on the Russian government, Russian companies or Russian individuals, including politicians, could have a severe adverse effect on Russia and the European region, including significant negative impacts on the Russian economy, the European economy and the markets for certain securities and commodities, such as oil and natural gas, and may likely have collateral impacts on such sectors globally as well as other sectors. How long such military action and related events will last cannot be predicted. China and the United States have each imposed tariffs on the other country’s products. These actions may cause a significant reduction in international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of China’s export industry, which could have a negative impact on the Fund’s performance. U.S. companies that source material and goods from China and those that make large amounts of sales in China would be particularly vulnerable to an escalation of trade tensions. Uncertainty regarding the outcome of the trade tensions and the potential for a trade war could cause the U.S. dollar to decline against safe haven currencies, such as the Japanese yen and the Euro. Events such as these and their consequences are difficult to predict and it is unclear whether further tariffs may be imposed or other escalating actions may be taken in the future. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom (“UK”) officially withdrew from the EU (commonly known as “Brexit”). The UK and EU reached a preliminary trade agreement, which became effective on January 1, 2021, regarding the terms of their future trading relationship relating principally to the trading of goods rather than services, including financial services; however, negotiations are ongoing for matters not covered by the trade agreement, such as the trade of financial services. Due to uncertainty of the current political environment, it is not possible to foresee the form or nature of the future trading relationship between the UK and the EU. In the short term, financial markets may experience heightened volatility, particularly those in the UK and Europe, but possibly worldwide. The UK and Europe may be less stable than they have been in recent years, and investments in the UK and EU may be difficult to value or subject to greater or more frequent volatility. The longer term economic, legal, political and social framework to be put in place between the UK and the EU remains unclear and the ongoing political and economic uncertainty and periods of exacerbated volatility in both the UK and in wider European markets may continue for some time. In particular, Brexit may lead to a call for similar referendums in other European jurisdictions which may cause increased economic volatility in the European and global markets and may destabilize some or all of the other EU member countries. This uncertainty may have an adverse effect on the economy generally and on the ability of the Fund and its investments to execute their respective strategies, to receive attractive returns and/or to exit certain investments at an advantageous time or price. In particular, currency volatility may mean that the returns of the Fund and its investments are adversely affected by market movements and may make it more difficult, or more expensive, if the Fund elects to execute currency hedges. Potential decline in the value of the British Pound and/or the Euro against other currencies, along with the potential downgrading of the UK’s sovereign credit rating, may also have an impact on the performance of portfolio companies or investments located in the UK or Europe. In light of the above, no definitive assessment can currently be made regarding the impact that Brexit will have on the Fund, its investments or its organization more generally. Cybersecurity incidents affecting particular companies or industries may adversely affect the economies of particular countries, regions or parts of the world in which the Fund invests. The occurrence of any of these above events could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of the Fund’s portfolio. The Fund does not know how long the securities markets may be affected by similar events and cannot predict the effects of similar events in the future on the U.S. economy and securities markets. There can be no assurance that similar events and other market disruptions will not have other material and adverse implications. | | | | | | | |
Regulation and Government Intervention Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Regulation and Government Intervention Risk Federal, state, and other governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations may take actions that affect the regulation of the issuers in which the Fund invests in ways that are unforeseeable. Legislation or regulation may also change the way in which the Fund is regulated. Such legislation or regulation could limit or preclude the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. In light of popular, political and judicial focus on finance related consumer protection, financial institution practices are also subject to greater scrutiny and criticism generally. In the case of transactions between financial institutions and the general public, there may be a greater tendency toward strict interpretation of terms and legal rights in favor of the consuming public, particularly where there is a real or perceived disparity in risk allocation and/or where consumers are perceived as not having had an opportunity to exercise informed consent to the transaction. In the event of conflicting interests between retail investors holding common shares of a closed-end The Fund may be affected by governmental action in ways that are not foreseeable, and there is a possibility that such actions could have a significant adverse effect on the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. Investment Company Act Regulations The Fund is a registered closed-end | | | | | | | |
Legal, Tax and Regulatory Risks [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Legal, Tax and Regulatory Risks Legal, tax and regulatory changes could occur that may materially adversely affect the Fund. To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment generally accorded to RICs, the Fund must, among other things, derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from certain prescribed sources and distribute for each taxable year at least 90% of its “investment company taxable income” (generally, ordinary income plus the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss). If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a RIC, all of its taxable income for that year (including its net capital gain) would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. The Biden administration has called for significant changes to U.S. fiscal, tax, trade, healthcare, immigration, foreign, and government regulatory policy. In this regard, there is significant uncertainty with respect to legislation, regulation and government policy at the federal level, as well as the state and local levels. Recent events have created a climate of heightened uncertainty and introduced new and difficult-to-quantify far-reaching The rules dealing with U.S. federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department. Revisions in U.S. federal tax laws and interpretations of these laws could adversely affect the tax consequences of your investment. | | | | | | | |
Investment Dilution Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Investment Dilution Risk The Fund’s investors do not have preemptive rights to any Shares the Fund may issue in the future. The Fund’s Declaration of Trust authorizes it to issue an unlimited number of Shares. The Board may make certain amendments to the Declaration of Trust. After an investor purchases Shares, the Fund may sell additional Shares or other classes of Shares in the future or issue equity interests in private offerings. To the extent the Fund issues additional equity interests after an investor purchases its Shares, such investor’s percentage ownership interest in the Fund will be diluted. | | | | | | | |
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Advisor, Sub Advisors and Others [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Advisor, Sub-Advisors The investment activities of BlackRock, the ultimate parent company of the Advisor, and its Affiliates, and their respective directors, officers or employees, in the management of, or their interest in, their own accounts and other accounts they manage, may present conflicts of interest that could disadvantage the Fund and its shareholders. BlackRock and its Affiliates provide investment management services to other funds and discretionary managed accounts that may follow investment programs similar to that of the Fund. Subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act, BlackRock and its Affiliates intend to engage in such activities and may receive compensation from third parties for their services. None of BlackRock or its Affiliates are under any obligation to share any investment opportunity, idea or strategy with the Fund. As a result, BlackRock and its Affiliates may compete with the Fund for appropriate investment opportunities. The results of the Fund’s investment activities, therefore, may differ from those of an Affiliate or another account managed by an Affiliate and it is possible that the Fund could sustain losses during periods in which one or more Affiliates and other accounts achieve profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. BlackRock has adopted policies and procedures designed to address potential conflicts of interest. For additional information about potential conflicts of interest and the way in which BlackRock addresses such conflicts, please see “—Principal Risks—Competition for Investment Opportunities,” “—Principal Risks—Valuation Risk,” and “Conflicts of Interest” and “Management of the Fund—Portfolio Management—Potential Material Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI. | | | | | | | |
Allocation Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Allocation Risk The Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends upon the Advisor’s skill in determining the Fund’s allocation of its assets and in selecting the best mix of investments. There is a risk that the Advisor’s evaluation and assumptions regarding asset classes or investments may be incorrect in view of actual market conditions. The Fund’s allocation of its investments across various segments of the securities markets and various countries, regions, asset classes and sectors may vary significantly over time based on the Advisor’s analysis and judgment. As a result, the particular risks most relevant to an investment in the Fund, as well as the overall risk profile of the Fund’s portfolio, may vary over time. The Advisor employs an active approach to the Fund’s investment allocations, but there is no guarantee that the Advisor’s allocation strategy will produce the desired results. The percentage of the Fund’s total assets allocated to any category of investment may at any given time be significantly less than the maximum percentage permitted pursuant to the Fund’s investment policies. It is possible that the Fund will focus on an investment that performs poorly or underperforms other investments under various market conditions. The flexibility of the Fund’s investment policies and the discretion granted to the Advisor to invest the Fund’s assets across various segments, classes and geographic regions of the securities markets and in securities with various characteristics means that the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be more dependent on the success of its investment adviser than other investment companies. As part of its strategy, the Fund has a Private Credit Sleeve in which the Fund will seek to invest in select less liquid or illiquid private credit investments, generally involving corporate borrowers, that are believed to present the potential for higher yield and capital appreciation versus more liquid portions of the Fund’s portfolio. While the amount of the Fund’s net assets allocated to such investments may vary over time, it is expected that approximately 30-50% See “—Principal Risks—Competition for Investment Opportunities,” “—Principal Risks—Valuation Risk,” and “Conflicts of Interest” and “Management of the Fund—Portfolio Management—Potential Material Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI. | | | | | | | |
Portfolio Turnover Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Portfolio Turnover Risk The Fund’s annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly from year to year, as well as within a given year. Portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the execution of investment decisions for the Fund. A higher portfolio turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by the Fund. High portfolio turnover may result in an increased realization of net short-term capital gains by the Fund which, when distributed to common shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. Additionally, in a declining market, portfolio turnover may create realized capital losses. | | | | | | | |
Anti Takeover Provisions Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Anti-Takeover Provisions Risk The Fund’s Declaration of Trust and Bylaws include provisions that could limit the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund or convert the Fund to open-end | | | | | | | |
Risks Relating to Particular Countries or Geographic Regions [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Risks Relating to Particular Countries or Geographic Regions Asia-Pacific Countries Non-U.S. Many of the developing market Asia-Pacific countries may be subject to a greater degree of economic, political and social instability than is the case in the United States and Western European countries. Such instability may result from, among other things: (i) authoritarian governments or military involvement in political and economic decision-making, including changes in government through extra-constitutional means; (ii) popular unrest associated with demands for improved political, economic and social conditions; (iii) internal insurgencies; (iv) hostile relations with neighboring countries; and (v) ethnic, religious and racial disaffection. In addition, the governments of many of such countries, such as Indonesia, have a substantial role in regulating and supervising the economy. Another risk common to most such countries is that the economy is heavily export oriented and, accordingly, is dependent upon international trade. The existence of overburdened infrastructure and obsolete financial systems also presents risks in certain countries, as do environmental problems. Certain economies also depend to a significant degree upon exports of primary commodities and, therefore, are vulnerable to changes in commodity prices that, in turn, may be affected by a variety of factors. The rights of investors in developing market Asia-Pacific companies may be more limited than those of shareholders of U.S. corporations. It may be difficult or impossible to obtain and/or enforce a judgment in a developing market Asia-Pacific country. Some developing Asia-Pacific countries prohibit or impose substantial restrictions on investments in their capital markets, particularly their equity markets, by foreign entities. For example, certain countries may require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign persons or limit the amount of investment by foreign persons in a particular company. China non-convertibility, China has experienced security concerns, such as terrorism and strained international relations. Additionally, China is alleged to have participated in state-sponsored cyberattacks against foreign companies and foreign governments. Actual and threatened responses to such activity and strained international relations, including purchasing restrictions, sanctions, tariffs or cyberattacks on the Chinese government or Chinese companies, may impact China’s economy and Chinese issuers of securities in which the Fund invests. Incidents involving China’s or the region’s security may cause uncertainty in Chinese markets and may adversely affect the Chinese economy and the Fund’s investments. Export growth continues to be a major driver of China’s rapid economic growth. Reduction in spending on Chinese products and services, supply chain diversification, institution of tariffs, sanctions or other trade barriers (including as a result of heightened trade tensions or a trade war between China and the U.S., or in response to actual or alleged Chinese cyber activity), or a downturn in any of the economies of China’s key trading partners may have an adverse impact on the Chinese economy. Some Chinese companies are subject to economic or trade restrictions imposed by other governments due to national security, human rights or other concerns of such government. For example, certain foreign technology companies are subject to U.S. export restrictions as they are believed to pose a national security risk to the United States. The United States also bans imports of goods produced in certain regions of China or by certain Chinese companies due to concerns about forced labor. Such restrictions may have unanticipated and adverse effects on the Chinese economy. Any such action that targets Chinese financial markets or securities exchanges could interfere with orderly trading, delay settlement or cause market disruptions. So long as these restrictions do not include restrictions on investments, the Fund may invest in such companies. The United States and China have been engaged in an ongoing trade war with one another, which has led to trade frictions between their economies and negative flow-on From time to time, China has experienced outbreaks of infectious illnesses and the country may be subject to other public health threats, infectious illnesses, diseases or similar issues in the future. Any spread of an infectious illness, public health threat or similar issue could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the Fund’s investments. Eurozone far-reaching. As a result of Brexit, the financial markets experienced high levels of volatility and it is likely that, in the near term, Brexit will continue to bring about higher levels of uncertainty and volatility. During this period of uncertainty, the negative impact on not only the United Kingdom and European economies, but the broader global economy, could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth for companies that rely significantly on Europe for their business activities and revenues. It is possible, that certain economic activity will be curtailed until some signs of clarity begin to emerge, including negotiations around the terms for United Kingdom’s exit out of the EU. Any further exits from the EU, or the possibility of such exits, would likely cause additional market disruption globally and introduce new legal and regulatory uncertainties. In addition, certain European countries have recently experienced negative interest rates on certain fixed-income instruments. A negative interest rate policy is an unconventional central bank monetary policy tool where nominal target interest rates are set with a negative value (i.e., below zero percent) intended to help create self-sustaining growth in the local economy. Negative interest rates may result in heightened market volatility and may detract from the Fund’s performance to the extent the Fund is exposed to such interest rates. Among other things, these developments have adversely affected the value and exchange rate of the euro and pound sterling, and may continue to significantly affect the economies of all EU countries, which in turn may have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s investments in such countries, other countries that depend on EU countries for significant amounts of trade or investment, or issuers with exposure to debt issued by certain EU countries. To the extent the Fund has exposure to European markets or to transactions tied to the value of the euro, these events could negatively affect the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments. All of these developments may continue to significantly affect the economies of all EU countries, which in turn may have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s investments in such countries, other countries that depend on EU countries for significant amounts of trade or investment, or issuers with exposure to debt issued by certain EU countries. Japan Non-U.S. Latin America Some Latin American currencies have experienced steady devaluations relative to the U.S. dollar and certain Latin American countries have had to make major adjustments in their currencies from time to time. In addition, governments of many Latin American countries have exercised and continue to exercise substantial influence over many aspects of the private sector. Governmental actions in the future could have a significant effect on economic conditions in Latin American countries, which could affect the companies in which the Fund invests and, therefore, the value of Fund shares. As noted, in the past, many Latin American countries have experienced substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation for many years. For companies that keep accounting records in the local currency, inflation accounting rules in some Latin American countries require, for both tax and accounting purposes, that certain assets and liabilities be restated on the company’s balance sheet in order to express items in terms of currency of constant purchasing power. Inflation accounting may indirectly generate losses or profits for certain Latin American companies. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had, and could, in the future, have very negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain Latin American countries. Substantial limitations may exist in certain countries with respect to the Fund’s ability to repatriate investment income, capital or the proceeds of sales of securities. The Fund could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, any required governmental approval for repatriation of capital, as well as by the application to the Fund of any restrictions on investments. Certain Latin American countries have entered into regional trade agreements that are designed to, among other things, reduce barriers between countries, increase competition among companies and reduce government subsidies in certain industries. No assurances can be given that these changes will be successful in the long-term, or that these changes will result in the economic stability intended. There is a possibility that these trade arrangements will not be fully implemented, or will be partially or completely unwound. It is also possible that a significant participant could choose to abandon a trade agreement, which could diminish its credibility and influence. Any of these occurrences could have adverse effects on the markets of both participating and non-participating Other Latin American market risks include foreign exchange controls, difficulties in pricing securities, defaults on sovereign debt, difficulties in enforcing favorable legal judgments in local courts and political and social instability. Legal remedies available to investors in certain Latin American countries may be less extensive than those available to investors in the United States or other foreign countries. Russia In addition, Russia also may attempt to assert its influence in the region through economic or even military measures, as it did with Georgia in the summer of 2008 and the Ukraine in 2014 and 2022. Russia launched a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. The extent and duration of the military action, resulting sanctions and resulting future market disruptions, including declines in its stock markets and the value of the ruble against the U.S. dollar, are impossible to predict, but could be significant. Any such disruptions caused by Russian military action or other actions (including cyberattacks and espionage) or resulting actual and threatened responses to such activity, including purchasing and financing restrictions, boycotts or changes in consumer or purchaser preferences, sanctions, tariffs or cyberattacks on the Russian government, Russian companies or Russian individuals, including politicians, may impact Russia’s economy and Russian issuers of securities in which the Fund invests. Actual and threatened responses to such military action may also impact the markets for certain Russian commodities, such as oil and natural gas, as well as other sectors of the Russian economy, and may likely have collateral impacts on such sectors globally. Governments in the United States and many other countries (collectively, the “Sanctioning Bodies”) have imposed economic sanctions on certain Russian individuals, including politicians, and Russian corporate and banking entities. The Sanctioning Bodies, or others, could also institute broader sanctions on Russia, including banning Russia from global payments systems that facilitate cross-border payments. These sanctions, or even the threat of further sanctions, may result in the decline of the value and liquidity of Russian securities, a weakening of the ruble or other adverse consequences to the Russian economy. These sanctions could also result in the immediate freeze of Russian securities and/or funds invested in prohibited assets, impairing the ability of the Fund to buy, sell, receive or deliver those securities and/or assets. Sanctions could also result in Russia taking counter measures or retaliatory actions which may further impair the value and liquidity of Russian securities. | | | | | | | |
Inflation Indexed Bonds Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Inflation-Indexed Bonds Risk Inflation-indexed securities are subject to the effects of changes in market interest rates caused by factors other than inflation (real interest rates). In general, the value of an inflation-indexed security, including U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, tends to decrease when real interest rates increase and can increase when real interest rates decrease. Thus generally, during periods of rising inflation, the value of inflation-indexed securities will tend to increase and during periods of deflation, their value will tend to decrease. Interest payments on inflation-indexed securities are unpredictable and will fluctuate as the principal and interest are adjusted for inflation. There can be no assurances that the inflation index used (i.e., the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers or “CPI-U”) | | | | | | | |
Inverse Floater and Related Securities Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Inverse Floater and Related Securities Risk Investments in inverse floaters and similar instruments expose the Fund to the same risks as investments in fixed income securities and derivatives, as well as other risks, including those associated with leverage and increased volatility. An investment in these securities typically will involve greater risk than an investment in a fixed rate security. Distributions on inverse floaters and similar instruments will typically bear an inverse relationship to short-term interest rates and typically will be reduced or, potentially, eliminated as interest rates rise. Inverse floaters and similar instruments will underperform the market for fixed rate securities in a rising interest rate environment. Inverse floaters may be considered to be leveraged to the extent that their interest rates vary by a magnitude that exceeds the magnitude of the change in a reference rate of interest (typically a short-term interest rate). The leverage inherent in inverse floaters is associated with greater volatility in their market values. Investments in inverse floaters and similar instruments that have fixed income securities underlying them will expose the Fund to the risks associated with those fixed income securities and the values of those investments may be especially sensitive to changes in prepayment rates on the underlying fixed income securities. | | | | | | | |
New Issues Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | New Issues Risk “New Issues” are initial public offerings of U.S. equity securities. There is no assurance that the Fund will have access to profitable IPOs and therefore investors should not rely on any past gains from IPOs as an indication of future performance of the Fund. The investment performance of the Fund during periods when it is unable to invest significantly or at all in IPOs may be lower than during periods when the Fund is able to do so. Securities issued in IPOs are subject to many of the same risks as investing in companies with smaller market capitalizations. Securities issued in IPOs have no trading history, and information about the companies may be available for very limited periods. In addition, some companies in IPOs are involved in relatively new industries or lines of business, which may not be widely understood by investors. Some of these companies may be undercapitalized or regarded as developmental stage companies, without revenues or operating income, or the near-term prospects of achieving them. Further, the prices of securities sold in IPOs may be highly volatile or may decline shortly after the IPO. When an IPO is brought to the market, availability may be limited and the Fund may not be able to buy any shares at the offering price, or, if it is able to buy shares, it may not be able to buy as many shares at the offering price as it would like. The limited number of shares available for trading in some IPOs may make it more difficult for the Fund to buy or sell significant amounts of shares. | | | | | | | |
Highly Volatile Markets Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Highly Volatile Markets Risk The prices of the Fund’s investments, and therefore the NAV of the Fund, can be highly volatile. Price movements of forward contracts, futures contracts and other derivative contracts in which the Fund may invest are influenced by, among other things, interest rates, changing supply and demand relationships, trade, fiscal, monetary and exchange control programs and policies of governments, and national and international political and economic events and policies. In addition, governments from time to time intervene, directly and by regulation, in certain markets, particularly those in currencies, financial instruments and interest rate-related futures and options. Such intervention often is intended directly to influence prices and may, together with other factors, cause all of such markets to move rapidly in the same direction because of, among other things, interest rate fluctuations. Moreover, since internationally there may be less government supervision and regulation of worldwide stock exchanges and clearinghouses than in the U.S., the Fund also is subject to the risk of the failure of the exchanges on which its positions trade or of its clearinghouses, and there may be a higher risk of financial irregularities and/or lack of appropriate risk monitoring and controls. | | | | | | | |
Structured Securities Risks [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Structured Securities Risks The Fund may invest in structured securities, including structured notes, equity-linked notes (“ELNs”) and other types of structured securities. Because structured securities of the type in which the Fund may invest typically involve no credit enhancement, their credit risk generally will be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments, index or reference obligation and will also be subject to counterparty risk. The Fund may have the right to receive payments only from the structured security, and generally does not have direct rights against the issuer or the entity that sold the assets to be securitized. While certain structured securities enable the investor to acquire interests in a pool of securities without the brokerage and other expenses associated with directly holding the same securities, investors in structured securities generally pay their share of the structured security’s administrative and other expenses. Although it is difficult to predict whether the prices of indices and securities underlying structured securities will rise or fall, these prices (and, therefore, the prices of structured securities) will be influenced by the same types of political and economic events that affect issuers of securities and capital markets generally. If the issuer of a structured securities uses shorter term financing to purchase longer term securities, the issuer may be forced to sell its securities at below market prices if it experiences difficulty in obtaining such financing, which may adversely affect the value of the structured securities owned by the Fund. | | | | | | | |
Warrants Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Warrants Risk If the price of the underlying stock does not rise above the exercise price before the warrant expires, the warrant generally expires without any value and the Fund loses any amount it paid for the warrant. Thus, investments in warrants may involve substantially more risk than investments in common stock. Warrants may trade in the same markets as their underlying stock; however, the price of the warrant does not necessarily move with the price of the underlying stock. | | | | | | | |
Rights Risks [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Rights Risks The failure to exercise subscription rights to purchase common stock would result in the dilution of the Fund’s interest in the issuing company. The market for such rights is not well developed, and, accordingly, the Fund may not always realize full value on the sale of rights. | | | | | | | |
Defensive Investing Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Defensive Investing Risk For defensive purposes, the Fund may allocate assets into cash or short-term fixed income securities without limitation. In doing so, the Fund may succeed in avoiding losses but may otherwise fail to achieve its investment objective. Further, the value of short-term fixed income securities may be affected by changing interest rates and by changes in credit ratings of the investments. If the Fund holds cash uninvested it will be subject to the credit risk of the depository institution holding the cash. | | | | | | | |
Hedging Transactions Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Hedging Transactions Risk The Fund may utilize financial instruments such as forward contracts, options and interest rate swaps, caps and floors to seek to hedge against declines in the values of portfolio positions (measured in terms of their base currencies) as a result of changes in currency exchange rates, certain changes in the equity markets and market interest rates and other events. When engaging in a hedging transaction, the Fund may determine not to seek to establish a perfect correlation between the hedging instruments utilized and the portfolio holdings being hedged. Such an imperfect correlation may prevent the Fund from achieving the intended hedge or expose the Fund to a risk of loss. The Fund may also determine not to hedge against a particular risk because it does not regard the probability of the risk occurring to be sufficiently high as to justify the cost of the hedge or because it does not foresee the occurrence of the risk. It may not be possible for the Fund to hedge against a change or event at attractive prices or at a price sufficient to protect the assets of the Fund from the decline in value of the portfolio positions anticipated as a result of such change. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge at all against certain risks. | | | | | | | |
Option Transactions Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Option Transactions Risk The Fund may engage in option transactions. The purchase or sale of an option involves the payment or receipt of a premium payment by the investor and the corresponding right or obligation, as the case may be, to either purchase or sell the underlying security or other instrument for a specific price at a certain time or during a certain period. A put option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and obligates the writer to buy, the underlying security at a stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A call option gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and obligates the writer to sell, the underlying security at a stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration of the option. Purchasing options involves the risk that the underlying instrument does not change price in the manner expected, so that the option expires worthless and the investor loses its premium. Selling options, on the other hand, involves potentially greater risk because the investor is exposed to the extent of the actual price movement in the underlying security in excess of the premium payment received. In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties’ obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. Over-the-counter Over-the-counter A covered call option is a call option with respect to which the Fund owns the underlying security. The sale of such an option exposes the Fund, during the term of the option, to possible loss of opportunity to realize appreciation in the market price of the underlying security and to the possibility that it might hold the underlying security in order to protect against depreciation in the market price of the security during a period when it might have otherwise sold the security. The seller of a covered call option assumes the risk of a decline in the market price of the underlying security below the purchase price of the underlying security less the premium received, and gives up the opportunity for gain on the underlying security above the exercise price of the option. The seller of an uncovered call option assumes the risk of a theoretically unlimited increase in the market price of the underlying security above the exercise price of the option. A covered put option is a put option with respect to which the seller has a short position in the underlying security. The seller of a covered put option assumes the risk of an increase in the market price of the underlying security above the sales price (in establishing the short position) of the underlying security plus the premium received, and gives up the opportunity for gain on the underlying security below the exercise price of the option. If the seller of the put option owns a put option covering an equivalent number of shares with an exercise price equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, the position is “fully hedged” if the option owned expires at the same time or later than the option written. The seller of an uncovered put option assumes the risk of a decline in the market price of the underlying security below the exercise price of the option. The seller of a put option may also be required to place cash or liquid assets in a segregated account, or designate such cash or liquid assets on its books and records, to ensure compliance with its obligation to purchase the underlying security. The sale of such an option exposes the Fund during the term of the option to a decline in price of the underlying security while depriving the Fund of the opportunity to invest the segregated or earmarked assets. The Fund may close out a position when writing options by purchasing an option on the same security with the same exercise price and expiration date as the option that it has previously written on the security. The Fund will realize a profit or loss if the amount paid to purchase an option is less or more, as the case may be, than the amount received from the sale thereof. To close out a position as a purchaser of an option, the Fund would generally make a similar “closing sale transaction,” which involves liquidating its position by selling the option previously purchased. However, if deemed advantageous, the Fund would be entitled to exercise the option. There are several risks associated with transactions in options on securities and indexes. For example, there are significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. In addition, a liquid secondary market for particular options, whether traded over-the-counter | | | | | | | |
Commodities, Financial Futures Contracts and Options Thereon Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Commodities, Financial Futures Contracts and Options Thereon Risk The Fund may invest in financial and commodity futures contracts and in options thereon, as well as directly in commodities. The Fund may also be subject to risks related to a direct investment in commodities through its other investments. A futures contract is an agreement between two parties which obligates the purchaser of the futures contract to buy and the seller of a futures contract to sell a security or commodity for a set price on a future date or, in the case of an index futures contract, to make and accept a cash settlement based upon the difference in value of the index between the time the contract was entered into and the time of its settlement. A majority of transactions in futures contracts, however, do not result in the actual delivery of the underlying instrument or cash settlement, but are settled through liquidation (i.e., by entering into an offsetting transaction). Futures contracts have been designed by boards of trade that have been designated “contract markets” by the CFTC. Commodity and financial markets are highly volatile because a high degree of leverage is typical of a futures trading account. As a result, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in substantial losses to the investor. In addition, commodity exchanges may limit fluctuations in commodity futures contract prices during a single day and thus during a single trading day no trades may be executed at prices beyond the “daily limit.” Once the price of a futures contract for a particular commodity has increased or decreased by an amount equal to the daily limit, positions in the commodity can be neither taken nor liquidated unless the Fund is willing to effect trades at or within the limit, which may hinder the ability of the Fund to trade. The profitability of such an investment depends on the ability of the Advisor to analyze correctly the commodity markets, which are influenced by, among other things, changing supply and demand relationships, weather, changes in interest rates, trade policies, world political and economic events, and other unforeseen events. Such events could result in large market movements and volatile market conditions and create the risk of significant loss. A variety of possible actions by various government agencies can also inhibit profitability or can result in loss. In addition, activities by the major power producers can have a profound effect on spot prices which can, in turn, substantially affect derivative prices, as well as the liquidity of such markets. Moreover, investments in commodity and financial futures and options contracts involve additional risks. The CFTC and futures exchanges have established limits referred to as “speculative position limits” on the maximum net long or net short position that any person may hold or control in particular commodity or financial futures contracts. All of the positions held by all accounts owned or controlled by the Fund will be aggregated for the purposes of determining compliance with position limits. It is possible that positions held by the Fund may have to be liquidated in order to avoid exceeding such limits. Such modification or liquidation, if required, could adversely affect the operations and profitability of the Fund. The Fund may invest in commodity futures contracts and in options thereon in a variety of countries and on a variety of exchanges including those in less established markets. This is the case even if the exchange is formally “linked” to a more established exchange, whereby a trade executed on one exchange liquidates or establishes a position on the other exchange. The activities of such exchanges, including the execution, delivery and clearing of transactions on such an exchange may be subject to a lesser degree of control and enforcement than more established markets. Moreover, such laws or regulations will vary depending on the country in which the transaction occurs. In addition, funds received from the Fund to margin futures transactions may not be provided the same protections as funds received to margin futures transactions on established exchanges. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are (a) the imperfect correlation between the change in market value of the instruments held by the Fund and the price of the futures contract or option; (b) possible lack of a liquid secondary market for a futures contract and the resulting inability to close a futures contract when desired; (c) losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited; (d) the Advisor’s inability to predict correctly the direction of securities prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors; and (e) the possibility that the counterparty will default in the performance of its obligations. Investment in futures contracts involves the risk of imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the futures contract and the price of the security being hedged. The hedge will not be fully effective when there is imperfect correlation between the movements in the prices of two financial instruments. For example, if the price of the futures contract moves more or less than the price of the hedged security, the Fund will experience either a loss or gain on the futures contract which is not completely offset by movements in the price of the hedged securities. To compensate for imperfect correlations, the Fund may purchase or sell futures contracts in a greater dollar amount than the hedged securities if the volatility of the hedged securities is historically greater than the volatility of the futures contracts. Conversely, the Fund may purchase or sell fewer futures contracts if the volatility of the price of the hedged securities is historically lower than that of the futures contracts. The particular securities comprising the index underlying a securities index financial futures contract may vary from the securities held by the Fund. As a result, the Fund’s ability to hedge effectively all or a portion of the value of its securities through the use of such financial futures contracts will depend in part on the degree to which price movements in the index underlying the financial futures contract correlate with the price movements of the securities held by the Fund. The correlation may be affected by disparities in the average maturity, ratings, geographical mix or structure of the Fund’s investments as compared to those comprising the securities index and general economic or political factors. In addition, the correlation between movements in the value of the securities index may be subject to change over time as additions to and deletions from the securities index alter its structure. The correlation between futures contracts on U.S. government securities and the securities held by the Fund may be adversely affected by similar factors and the risk of imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of such futures contracts and the prices of securities held by the Fund may be greater. The trading of futures contracts also is subject to certain market risks, such as inadequate trading activity, which could at times make it difficult or impossible to liquidate existing positions. The Fund may liquidate futures contracts it enters into through offsetting transactions on the applicable contract market. There can be no assurance, however, that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular futures contract at any specific time. Thus, it may not be possible to close out a futures position. In the event of adverse price movements, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin. In such situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may be required to sell portfolio securities to meet daily variation margin requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. The inability to close out futures positions also could have an adverse impact on the Fund’s ability to hedge effectively its investments in securities. The liquidity of a secondary market in a futures contract may be adversely affected by “daily price fluctuation limits” established by commodity exchanges described above. Prices have in the past moved beyond the daily limit on a number of consecutive trading days. Because of low initial margin deposits made upon the opening of a futures position, futures transactions involve substantial leverage. As a result, relatively small movements in the price of the futures contracts can result in substantial unrealized gains or losses. There is also the risk of loss by the Fund of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with which the Fund has an open position in a financial futures contract. | | | | | | | |
Forward Contracts Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Forward Contracts Risk The principals who deal in the forward markets are not required to continue to make markets in the currencies or commodities they trade and these markets can experience periods of illiquidity, sometimes of significant duration. There have been periods during which certain participants in these markets have refused to quote prices for certain currencies or commodities or have quoted prices with an unusually wide spread between the price at which they were prepared to buy and that at which they were prepared to sell. Disruptions can occur in any market traded by the Fund due to unusually high trading volume, political intervention or other factors. Arrangements to trade forward contracts may be made with only one or a few counterparties, and liquidity problems therefore might be greater than if such arrangements were made with numerous counterparties. The imposition of controls by governmental authorities might also limit such forward (and futures) trading to less than that the Advisor would otherwise recommend, to the possible detriment of the Fund. Market illiquidity or disruption could result in major losses to the Fund. | | | | | | | |
Swaps Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Swaps Risk Swaps are a type of derivative. Swap agreements involve the risk that the party with which the Fund has entered into the swap will default on its obligation to pay the Fund and the risk that the Fund will not be able to meet its obligations to pay the other party to the agreement. To seek to hedge the value of the Fund’s portfolio, to hedge against increases in the Fund’s cost associated with interest payments on any outstanding borrowings or to increase the Fund’s return, the Fund may enter into swaps, including interest rate swap, total return swap (sometimes referred to as a “contract for difference”) and/or credit default swap transactions. In interest rate swap transactions, there is a risk that yields will move in the direction opposite of the direction anticipated by the Fund, which would cause the Fund to make payments to its counterparty in the transaction that could adversely affect Fund performance. In addition to the risks applicable to swaps generally (including counterparty risk, high volatility, liquidity risk and credit risk), credit default swap transactions involve special risks because they are difficult to value, are highly susceptible to liquidity and credit risk, and generally pay a return to the party that has paid the premium only in the event of an actual default by the issuer of the underlying obligation (as opposed to a credit downgrade or other indication of financial difficulty). Historically, swap transactions have been individually negotiated non-standardized Credit default and total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Fund’s portfolio because, in addition to its Managed Assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Total return swap agreements are subject to the risk that a counterparty will default on its payment obligations to the Fund thereunder. The Fund is not required to enter into swap transactions for hedging purposes or to enhance income or gain and may choose not to do so. In addition, the swaps market is subject to a changing regulatory environment. It is possible that regulatory or other developments in the swaps market could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to successfully use swaps. | | | | | | | |
Repurchase Agreements Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Repurchase Agreements Risk Subject to its investment objective and policies, the Fund may invest in repurchase agreements. Repurchase agreements typically involve the acquisition by the Fund of fixed income securities from a selling financial institution such as a bank, savings and loan association or broker-dealer. The agreement provides that the Fund will sell the securities back to the institution at a fixed time in the future. The Fund does not bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security unless the seller defaults under its repurchase obligation. In the event of the bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying securities and losses, including possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period in which the Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto; possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this period; and expenses of enforcing its rights. While repurchase agreements involve certain risks not associated with direct investments in fixed income securities, the Fund follows procedures approved by the Board that are designed to minimize such risks. In addition, the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the repurchase agreement. In the event of a default or bankruptcy by a selling financial institution, the Fund generally will seek to liquidate such collateral. However, the exercise of the Fund’s right to liquidate such collateral could involve certain costs or delays and, to the extent that proceeds from any sale upon a default of the obligation to repurchase were less than the repurchase price, the Fund could suffer a loss. | | | | | | | |
Dollar Roll Transactions Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Dollar Roll Transactions Risk Dollar roll transactions involve the risk that the market value of the securities the Fund is required to purchase may decline below the agreed upon repurchase price of those securities. If the broker/dealer to which the Fund sells securities becomes insolvent, the Fund’s right to purchase or repurchase securities may be restricted. Successful use of dollar rolls may depend upon the Advisor’s ability to predict correctly interest rates and prepayments, depending on the underlying security. There is no assurance that dollar rolls can be successfully employed. These transactions may involve leverage. | | | | | | | |
When Issued and Delayed Delivery Transactions Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Transactions Risk The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis and may purchase or sell those securities for delayed delivery. When-issued and delayed delivery transactions occur when securities are purchased or sold by the Fund with payment and delivery taking place in the future to secure an advantageous yield or price. Securities purchased on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis may expose the Fund to counterparty risk of default as well as the risk that securities may experience fluctuations in value prior to their actual delivery. The Fund will not accrue income with respect to a when-issued or delayed delivery security prior to its stated delivery date. Purchasing securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis can involve the additional risk that the price or yield available in the market when the delivery takes place may not be as favorable as that obtained in the transaction itself. | | | | | | | |
Securities Lending Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Securities Lending Risk The Fund may lend securities to financial institutions. Securities lending involves exposure to certain risks, including operational risk (i.e., the risk of losses resulting from problems in the settlement and accounting process), “gap” risk (i.e., the risk of a mismatch between the return on cash collateral reinvestments and the fees the Fund has agreed to pay a borrower), foreign exchange risk (i.e., the risk of a shortfall at default when a cash collateral investment is denominated in a currency other than the currency of the assets being loaned due to movements in foreign exchange rates), and credit, legal, counterparty and market risks (including the risk that market events, including but not limited to corporate actions, could lead the Fund to lend securities that are trading at a premium due to increased demand, or to recall loaned securities or to lend less or not at all, which could lead to reduced securities lending revenue). If the Fund were to lend securities that are subject to a corporate action and commit to the borrower a particular election as determined by the Advisor, the benefit the Fund would receive in respect of committing to such election may or may not be less than the benefit the Fund would have received from making a different election in such corporate action. If a securities lending counterparty were to default, the Fund would be subject to the risk of a possible delay in receiving collateral or in recovering the loaned securities, or to a possible loss of rights in the collateral. In the event a borrower does not return the Fund’s securities as agreed, the Fund may experience losses if the proceeds received from liquidating the collateral do not at least equal the value of the loaned security at the time the collateral is liquidated, plus the transaction costs incurred in purchasing replacement securities. This event could trigger adverse tax consequences for the Fund. The Fund could lose money if its short-term investment of the collateral declines in value over the period of the loan. Substitute payments received by the Fund representing dividends paid on securities loaned out by the Fund will generally not be considered qualified dividend income. The securities lending agent will take into account the tax effects on shareholders caused by this difference in connection with the Fund’s securities lending program. Substitute payments received on tax-exempt tax-exempt Regulations adopted by global prudential regulators require certain bank-regulated counterparties and certain of their affiliates to include in certain financial contracts, including many securities lending agreements, terms that delay or restrict the rights of counterparties, such as the Fund, to terminate such agreements, foreclose upon collateral, exercise other default rights or restrict transfers of credit support in the event that the counterparty and/or its affiliates are subject to certain types of resolution or insolvency proceedings. It is possible that these new requirements, as well as potential additional government regulation and other developments in the market, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to terminate existing securities lending agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements. | | | | | | | |
Short Sales Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Short Sales Risk Short-selling involves selling securities which may or may not be owned and borrowing the same securities for delivery to the purchaser, with an obligation to replace the borrowed securities at a later date. If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time the Fund replaces the borrowed security, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Fund will realize a capital gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss will be increased, by the transaction costs incurred by the Fund, including the costs associated with providing collateral to the broker-dealer (usually cash and liquid securities) and the maintenance of collateral with its custodian. Although the Fund’s gain is limited to the price at which it sold the security short, its potential loss is theoretically unlimited. Short-selling necessarily involves certain additional risks. However, if the short seller does not own the securities sold short (an uncovered short sale), the borrowed securities must be replaced by securities purchased at market prices in order to close out the short position, and any appreciation in the price of the borrowed securities would result in a loss. Uncovered short sales expose the Fund to the risk of uncapped losses until a position can be closed out due to the lack of an upper limit on the price to which a security may rise. Purchasing securities to close out the short position can itself cause the price of the securities to rise further, thereby exacerbating the loss. There is the risk that the securities borrowed by the Fund in connection with a short-sale must be returned to the securities lender on short notice. If a request for return of borrowed securities occurs at a time when other short-sellers of the security are receiving similar requests, a “short squeeze” can occur, and the Fund may be compelled to replace borrowed securities previously sold short with purchases on the open market at the most disadvantageous time, possibly at prices significantly in excess of the proceeds received at the time the securities were originally sold short. In September 2008, in response to spreading turmoil in the financial markets, the SEC temporarily banned short selling in the stocks of numerous financial services companies, and also promulgated new disclosure requirements with respect to short positions held by investment managers. The SEC’s temporary ban on short selling of such stocks has since expired, but should similar restrictions and/or additional disclosure requirements be promulgated, especially if market turmoil occurs, the Fund may be forced to cover short positions more quickly than otherwise intended and may suffer losses as a result. Such restrictions may also adversely affect the ability of the Fund to execute its investment strategies generally. The SEC has subsequently adopted amendments to Regulation SHO under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that restrict the ability to engage in a short sale at a price that is less than or equal to the current best bid if the price of the covered security has decreased by 10% or more from the covered security’s closing price as of the end of the prior day. | | | | | | | |
Inflation Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Inflation Risk Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investment will be worth less in the future, as inflation decreases the value of money. Inflation rates may change frequently and drastically as a result of various factors, including unexpected shifts in the domestic or global economy. As inflation increases, the real value of the Shares and distributions on those shares can decline. In addition, during any periods of rising inflation, interest rates on any borrowings by the Fund would likely increase, which would tend to further reduce returns to the holders of Shares. | | | | | | | |
Deflation Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Deflation Risk Deflation risk is the risk that prices throughout the economy decline over time, which may have an adverse effect on the market valuation of companies, their assets and their revenues. In addition, deflation may have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of issuers and may make issuer default more likely, which may result in a decline in the value of the Fund’s portfolio. | | | | | | | |
Regulation as a Commodity Pool [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Regulation as a “Commodity Pool” The CFTC subjects advisers to registered investment companies to regulation by the CFTC if a fund that is advised by the investment adviser either (i) invests, directly or indirectly, more than a prescribed level of its liquidation value in CFTC Derivatives, or (ii) markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. CFTC Rule 4.5 permits investment advisers to registered investment companies to claim an exclusion from the definition of “commodity pool operator” under the CEA with respect to a fund, provided certain requirements are met. In order to permit the Advisor to claim this exclusion with respect to the Fund, the Fund will limit its use of CFTC Derivatives (excluding transactions entered into for “bona fide hedging purposes,” as defined under CFTC regulations) such that either: (i) the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish its CFTC Derivatives do not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions, or (ii) the aggregate net notional value of its CFTC Derivatives does not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions. Additionally, the Fund will not market itself as a “commodity pool” or a vehicle for trading such instruments. Accordingly, the Fund is not subject to regulation under the CEA or otherwise regulated by the CFTC, and the Advisor has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the CEA pursuant to Rule 4.5 under the CEA. The Advisor is not, therefore, subject to registration or regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the CEA in respect of the Fund. | | | | | | | |
Failure of Futures Commission Merchants and Clearing Organizations [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Failure of Futures Commission Merchants and Clearing Organizations The Fund may be required to deposit funds to margin open positions in the derivative instruments subject to the CEA with a clearing broker registered as a “futures commission merchant” (“FCM”). The CEA requires an FCM to segregate all funds received from customers with respect to any orders for the purchase or sale of U.S. domestic futures contracts and cleared swaps from the FCM’s proprietary assets. Similarly, the CEA requires each FCM to hold in a separate secure account all funds received from customers with respect to any orders for the purchase or sale of foreign futures contracts and segregate any such funds from the funds received with respect to domestic futures contracts. However, all funds and other property received by an FCM from its customers are held by the FCM on a commingled basis in an omnibus account and may be invested by the FCM in certain instruments permitted under the applicable regulation. There is a risk that assets deposited by the Fund with any swaps or futures FCM as margin for futures contracts may, in certain circumstances, be used to satisfy losses of other clients of the Fund’s FCM. In addition, the assets of the Fund may not be fully protected in the event of the FCM’s bankruptcy, as the Fund would be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds segregated on behalf of the FCM’s combined domestic customer accounts. Similarly, the CEA requires a clearing organization approved by the CFTC as a derivatives clearing organization to segregate all funds and other property received from a clearing member’s clients in connection with domestic futures, swaps and options contracts from any funds held at the clearing organization to support the clearing member’s proprietary trading. Nevertheless, with respect to futures and options contracts, a clearing organization may use assets of a non-defaulting | | | | | | | |
Decision Making Authority Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Decision-Making Authority Risk Investors have no authority to make decisions or to exercise business discretion on behalf of the Fund, except as set forth in the Fund’s governing documents. The authority for all such decisions is generally delegated to the Board. The Board has delegated the day-to-day | | | | | | | |
Management Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Management Risk The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed investment portfolio. The Advisor and the individual portfolio managers will apply investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there can be no guarantee that these will produce the desired results. The Fund may be subject to a relatively high level of management risk because the Fund may invest in derivative instruments, which may be highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with equities and bonds. | | | | | | | |
Market and Selection Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Market and Selection Risk Market risk is the possibility that the market values of securities owned by the Fund will decline. There is a risk that equity and/or bond markets will go down in value, including the possibility that such markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. Stock markets are volatile, and the price of equity securities fluctuates based on changes in a company’s financial condition and overall market and economic conditions. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock held by the Fund. Also, the price of common stocks is sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks to which the Fund has exposure. Common stock prices fluctuate for several reasons, including changes in investors’ perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuers occur. The prices of fixed income securities tend to fall as interest rates rise, and such declines tend to be greater among fixed income securities with longer maturities. Market risk is often greater among certain types of fixed income securities, such as zero coupon bonds that do not make regular interest payments but are instead bought at a discount to their face values and paid in full upon maturity. As interest rates change, these securities often fluctuate more in price than securities that make regular interest payments and therefore subject the Fund to greater market risk than a fund that does not own these types of securities. When-issued and delayed delivery transactions are subject to changes in market conditions from the time of the commitment until settlement, which may adversely affect the prices or yields of the securities being purchased. The greater the Fund’s outstanding commitments for these securities, the greater the Fund’s exposure to market price fluctuations. Selection risk is the risk that the securities that the Fund’s management selects will underperform the equity and/or bond market, the market relevant indices or other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. | | | | | | | |
Reliance on the Advisor and Sub Advisors [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Reliance on the Advisor and Sub-Advisors The Fund is dependent upon services and resources provided by the Advisor and Sub-Advisors, Sub-Advisors’ Sub-Advisors Sub-Advisors Sub-Advisors Sub-Advisors Sub-Advisors.” | | | | | | | |
Reliance on Service Providers [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Reliance on Service Providers The Fund must rely upon the performance of service providers to perform certain functions, which may include functions that are integral to the Fund’s operations and financial performance. Failure by any service provider to carry out its obligations to the Fund in accordance with the terms of its appointment, to exercise due care and skill or to perform its obligations to the Fund at all as a result of insolvency, bankruptcy or other causes could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s performance and returns to shareholders. The termination of the Fund’s relationship with any service provider, or any delay in appointing a replacement for such service provider, could materially disrupt the business of the Fund and could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s performance and returns to shareholders. | | | | | | | |
Information Technology Systems [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Information Technology Systems The Fund is dependent on the Advisor for certain management services as well as back-office functions. The Advisor depends on information technology systems in order to assess investment opportunities, strategies and markets and to monitor and control risks for the Fund. It is possible that a failure of some kind which causes disruptions to these information technology systems could materially limit the Advisor’s ability to adequately assess and adjust investments, formulate strategies and provide adequate risk control. Any such information technology-related difficulty could harm the performance of the Fund. Further, failure of the back-office functions of the Advisor to process trades in a timely fashion could prejudice the investment performance of the Fund. | | | | | | | |
Cyber Security Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Cyber Security Risk With the increased use of technologies such as the Internet to conduct business, the Fund is susceptible to operational, information security and related risks. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber-attacks include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems (e.g., through “hacking” or malicious software coding) for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cyber-attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service | | | | | | | |
Misconduct of Employees and of Service Providers [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Misconduct of Employees and of Service Providers Misconduct or misrepresentations by employees of the Advisor or the Fund’s service providers could cause significant losses to the Fund. Employee misconduct may include binding the Fund to transactions that exceed authorized limits or present unacceptable risks and unauthorized trading activities, concealing unsuccessful trading activities, which, in any case, may result in unknown and unmanaged risks or losses, or making misrepresentations regarding any of the foregoing. Losses could also result from actions by the Fund’s service providers, including, without limitation, failing to recognize trades and misappropriating assets. In addition, employees and service providers may improperly use or disclose confidential information, which could result in litigation or serious financial harm, including limiting the Fund’s business prospects or future marketing activities. Despite the Advisor’s due diligence efforts, misconduct and intentional misrepresentations may be undetected or not fully comprehended, thereby potentially undermining the Advisor’s due diligence efforts. As a result, no assurances can be given that the due diligence performed by the Advisor will identify or prevent any such misconduct. | | | | | | | |
Operational Risk [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Risk [Text Block] | | Operational Risk The Fund is exposed to operational risks arising from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human errors, processing and communication errors, errors of the Fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third parties, failed or inadequate internal or external processes, and technology or systems failures. The use of certain investment strategies that involve manual or additional processing, such as over-the-counter | | | | | | | |
Common Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Basis of Transaction Fees, Note [Text Block] | | expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of average net assets attributable to Shares, assuming the use of leverage | | | | | | | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Security Title [Text Block] | | Common Shares | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Title [Text Block] | | Common shares | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Held [Shares] | | 0 | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Not Held [Shares] | | 62,211,796.42 | | | | | | | |
Institutional Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Fee Table [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Sales Load [Percent] | [3] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Fees | [4] | $ 0 | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expense 1 [Percent] | [5] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Percent] | | 0% | | | | | | | |
Management Fees [Percent] | [6] | 1.08% | | | | | | | |
Interest Expenses on Borrowings [Percent] | [7] | 0.63% | | | | | | | |
Distribution/Servicing Fees [Percent] | [8] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Percent] | | 0.29% | | | | | | | |
Total Annual Expenses [Percent] | | 2% | | | | | | | |
Waivers and Reimbursements of Fees [Percent] | [6] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Net Expense over Assets [Percent] | [6] | 2% | | | | | | | |
Financial Highlights [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Senior Securities Amount | | | $ 7,450,000 | $ 55,850,000 | $ 73,250,000 | | $ 39,500,000 | | $ 16,000,000 |
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit | | | $ 62,975 | $ 8,699 | $ 6,846 | | $ 5,432 | | $ 7,612 |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Return at Minus Ten [Percent] | | (10.30%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Minus Five [Percent] | | (5.20%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Zero [Percent] | | (0.10%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Plus Five [Percent] | | 4.90% | | | | | | | |
Return at Plus Ten [Percent] | | 10% | | | | | | | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Title [Text Block] | | Institutional Shares | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Held [Shares] | | 0 | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Not Held [Shares] | | 45,608,276.78 | | | | | | | |
Institutional Shares [Member] | On a 1000 Investment in the Shares Assuming a Five Point Zero Percentage Annual Return [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Year 01 | | $ 20 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | | 63 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | | 108 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | | 233 | | | | | | | |
Institutional Shares [Member] | On a 1000 Investment in the Shares Assuming a Five Point Zero Percentage Annual Return If The Investor Did Not Redeem Their Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Year 01 | | 20 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | | 63 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | | 108 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | | $ 233 | | | | | | | |
Class A Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Fee Table [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Sales Load [Percent] | [3] | 2.50% | | | | | | | |
Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Fees | [4] | $ 0 | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expense 1 [Percent] | [5] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Percent] | [9] | 1.50% | | | | | | | |
Management Fees [Percent] | [6] | 1.08% | | | | | | | |
Interest Expenses on Borrowings [Percent] | [7] | 0.63% | | | | | | | |
Distribution/Servicing Fees [Percent] | [8] | 0.75% | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Percent] | | 0.25% | | | | | | | |
Total Annual Expenses [Percent] | | 2.71% | | | | | | | |
Waivers and Reimbursements of Fees [Percent] | [6] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Net Expense over Assets [Percent] | [6] | 2.71% | | | | | | | |
Financial Highlights [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Senior Securities Amount | | | $ 7,450,000 | $ 55,850,000 | $ 73,250,000 | | $ 39,500,000 | [2] | |
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit | | | $ 62,975 | $ 8,699 | $ 6,846 | | $ 5,432 | [2] | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Return at Minus Ten [Percent] | | (10.30%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Minus Five [Percent] | | (5.20%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Zero [Percent] | | (0.10%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Plus Five [Percent] | | 4.90% | | | | | | | |
Return at Plus Ten [Percent] | | 10% | | | | | | | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Title [Text Block] | | Class A Shares | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Held [Shares] | | 0 | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Not Held [Shares] | | 11,283,542.81 | | | | | | | |
Class A Shares [Member] | On a 1000 Investment in the Shares Assuming a Five Point Zero Percentage Annual Return [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Year 01 | | $ 52 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | | 107 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | | 165 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | | 322 | | | | | | | |
Class A Shares [Member] | On a 1000 Investment in the Shares Assuming a Five Point Zero Percentage Annual Return If The Investor Did Not Redeem Their Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Year 01 | | 52 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | | 107 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | | 165 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | | $ 322 | | | | | | | |
Class W Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Fee Table [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Sales Load [Percent] | [3] | 3.50% | | | | | | | |
Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Fees | [4] | $ 0 | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expense 1 [Percent] | [5] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Percent] | | 0% | | | | | | | |
Management Fees [Percent] | [6] | 1.08% | | | | | | | |
Interest Expenses on Borrowings [Percent] | [7] | 0.63% | | | | | | | |
Distribution/Servicing Fees [Percent] | [8] | 0.75% | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Percent] | | 0.23% | | | | | | | |
Total Annual Expenses [Percent] | | 2.69% | | | | | | | |
Waivers and Reimbursements of Fees [Percent] | [6] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Net Expense over Assets [Percent] | [6] | 2.69% | | | | | | | |
Financial Highlights [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit | | | $ 62,975 | $ 8,699 | $ 6,846 | [2] | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Return at Minus Ten [Percent] | | (10.30%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Minus Five [Percent] | | (5.20%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Zero [Percent] | | (0.10%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Plus Five [Percent] | | 4.90% | | | | | | | |
Return at Plus Ten [Percent] | | 10% | | | | | | | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Title [Text Block] | | Class W Shares | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Held [Shares] | | 0 | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Not Held [Shares] | | 23,786.87 | | | | | | | |
Class W Shares [Member] | On a 1000 Investment in the Shares Assuming a Five Point Zero Percentage Annual Return [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Year 01 | | $ 61 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | | 116 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | | 172 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | | 327 | | | | | | | |
Class W Shares [Member] | On a 1000 Investment in the Shares Assuming a Five Point Zero Percentage Annual Return If The Investor Did Not Redeem Their Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Year 01 | | 61 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | | 116 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | | 172 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | | $ 327 | | | | | | | |
Class U Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Fee Table [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Sales Load [Percent] | [3] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Fees | [4] | $ 0 | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expense 1 [Percent] | [5] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Percent] | | 0% | | | | | | | |
Management Fees [Percent] | [6] | 1.08% | | | | | | | |
Interest Expenses on Borrowings [Percent] | [7] | 0.63% | | | | | | | |
Distribution/Servicing Fees [Percent] | [8] | 0.75% | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Percent] | | 0.35% | | | | | | | |
Total Annual Expenses [Percent] | | 2.81% | | | | | | | |
Waivers and Reimbursements of Fees [Percent] | [6] | 0% | | | | | | | |
Net Expense over Assets [Percent] | [6] | 2.81% | | | | | | | |
Financial Highlights [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Senior Securities Amount | | | $ 7,450,000 | $ 55,850,000 | $ 73,250,000 | [2] | | | |
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit | | | $ 62,975 | $ 8,699 | $ 6,846 | [2] | | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Return at Minus Ten [Percent] | | (10.30%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Minus Five [Percent] | | (5.20%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Zero [Percent] | | (0.10%) | | | | | | | |
Return at Plus Five [Percent] | | 4.90% | | | | | | | |
Return at Plus Ten [Percent] | | 10% | | | | | | | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Title [Text Block] | | Class U Shares | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Held [Shares] | | 0 | | | | | | | |
Outstanding Security, Not Held [Shares] | | 5,296,189.96 | | | | | | | |
Class U Shares [Member] | On a 1000 Investment in the Shares Assuming a Five Point Zero Percentage Annual Return [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Year 01 | | $ 28 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | | 87 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | | 148 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | | 314 | | | | | | | |
Class U Shares [Member] | On a 1000 Investment in the Shares Assuming a Five Point Zero Percentage Annual Return If The Investor Did Not Redeem Their Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Year 01 | | 28 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | | 87 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | | 148 | | | | | | | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | | $ 314 | | | | | | | |
Preferred Shares [Member] | | | | | | | | | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | | | | | | | | |
Security Title [Text Block] | | Preferred Shares | | | | | | | |
| |
[1]Consolidated Financial Highlights.[2]Commencement of operations.[3]There is no sales load for Institutional Shares. Investors purchasing Class A Shares and Class W Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 2.50% and 3.50%, respectively, of the investor’s aggregate purchase. The table assumes the maximum sales load is charged. The Distributor or Dealers may waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain classes of investors. While neither the Fund nor the Distributor imposes a sales load on Class U Shares, if you buy Class U Shares through certain selling agents or other financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you a transaction fee in such amount as they may determine. Any such fees will be in addition to your investment in the Fund and not deducted therefrom. Investors should consult with their selling agents or other financial intermediaries about any transaction or other fees their selling agents or other financial intermediaries might impose on each class of shares. See “Plan of Distribution.”[4]The Reinvestment Plan Agent’s (as defined below under “Dividend Reinvestment Plan”) fees for the handling of the reinvestment of dividends will be paid by the Fund. Any fees attributable to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan are included in the estimate of “Other Expenses.”[5]The Fund does not currently intend to impose a repurchase fee but is permitted to charge up to 2%. See “Periodic Repurchase Offers—Repurchase Fee.”[6]The Fund has entered into an Expense Agreement in which the Advisor has agreed to waive and/or reimburse certain operating and other expenses of the Fund in order to limit certain expenses to 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily value of the net assets of each share class. Subject to the terms of the Expense Agreement, expenses borne by the Advisor in the prior two fiscal years of the Fund are subject to recoupment by the Advisor. Such recoupment arrangement will terminate on March 1, 2026. The Fund will carry forward any waivers and/or reimbursements of fees and expenses in excess of the Expense Cap and repay the Advisor such amount provided the Fund is able to do so without exceeding the lesser of (1) the expense limit in effect at the time of the waiver or reimbursement, as applicable, or (2) the expense limit in effect at the time of recoupment after giving effect to the repayment. The Expense Agreement continues from year to year if approved by a majority of the Fund’s Independent Trustees. The current term of the Expense Agreement expires on June 30, 2025. The Expense Agreement may be terminated prior to June 30, 2025 only by action of a majority of the Independent Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities. See “Management of the Fund—Investment Management Agreement—Expense Agreement” for more information regarding the operating and other expenses that the Advisor has agreed to waive and/or reimburse pursuant to the Expense Agreement. The Fund and the Advisor have also entered into a fee waiver agreement (the “Fee Waiver Agreement”), pursuant to which the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive the management fee with respect to any portion of the Fund’s assets attributable to investments in any equity and fixed-income mutual funds and exchange-traded funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates that have a contractual fee, through June 30, 2025. In addition, pursuant to the Fee Waiver Agreement, the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its management fees by the amount of investment advisory fees the Fund pays to the Advisor indirectly through its investment in money market funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates, through June 30, 2025. The Fee Waiver Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, only by the Fund (upon the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees or a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund), upon 90 days’ written notice by the Fund to the Advisor.[7]Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds is based on the current fiscal year and the use of leverage in the form of bank borrowings in an amount equal to 1.6% of the Fund’s Managed Assets (as defined below) (1.6% of the Fund’s net assets), and the weighted average annual interest rate on bank borrowings of 8.31%. The actual amount of interest expense borne by the Fund will vary over time in accordance with the level of the Fund’s use of bank borrowings and variations in market interest rates. Interest expense is required to be treated as an expense of the Fund for accounting purposes.[8]The Fund has adopted a distribution and servicing plan (the “Distribution and Servicing Plan”) and pays the Distribution and Servicing Fee under such plan. The maximum annual rates at which the Distribution and Servicing Fees may be paid under the Distribution and Servicing Plan (calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to each of the Class A Shares, Class W Shares and Class U Shares) is 0.75%. 0.25% of such fee is a shareholder servicing fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee. See “Plan of Distribution—Distribution and Servicing Plan—Class A Shares, Class W Shares and Class U Shares.”[9]A contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1.50% is assessed on Fund repurchases of Class A Shares made within 18 months after purchase where no initial sales load was paid at the time of purchase as part of an investment of $250,000 or more. | |