Organization, business and summary of significant accounting policies | KLDiscovery Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Note 1 – Organization, business and summary of significant accounting policies Organization KLDiscovery Inc. (the “Company,” “we” or “us”) is a leading global provider of eDiscovery, information governance and data recovery solutions to corporations, law firms, insurance companies and individuals in 19 countries around the world. We provide technology soluti ons to help our clients solve complex data challenges. The Company’s headquarters are located in McLean, Virginia. The Company The Company was originally incorporated under the name Pivotal Acquisition Corp. (“Pivotal”) as a blank check company on August 2, 2018 under the laws of the State of Delaware for the purpose of entering into a merger, capital stock exchange, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities. On December 19, 2019, Pivotal acquired the outstanding shares of LD Topco, Inc. via a reverse capitalization (the “Business Combination”) and was renamed KLDiscovery Inc. Principles of consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of KLDiscovery and all its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. Use of estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Although actual results could differ from those estimates, management does not believe that such differences would be material. Significant d Segments, concentration of credit risk and major customers The Company operates in one business segment, providing technology-based litigation support solutions and services. Financial instruments, which potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash with a banking institution where the balances, at times, exceed federally insured limits. Management believes the risks associated with these deposits are limited. With respect to accounts receivable, the Company performs ongoing evaluations of its customers, generally grants uncollateralized credit terms to its customers, and maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical experience and management’s expectations of future losses. As of and for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company did not have a single customer that represents more than five percent (5%) or more of its consolidated revenues or accounts receivable. The Company believes that the geographic and industry diversity of the Company’s customer base throughout the U.S. and internationally minimizes the risk of incurring material losses due to concentrations of credit risk. The Company’s foreign revenues, principally from businesses in the UK and Germany, totaled approximately $64.1 million and $57.0 million in 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company’s long-lived assets in foreign countries, principally in the UK and Germany, totaled approximately $25.9 million and $26.3 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Foreign currency Results of operations for the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries are translated from the designated functional currency to the reporting currency of the U.S. dollar. Revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for each month, while assets and liabilities are translated at balance sheet date exchange rates. Resulting net translation adjustments are recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity in “Accumulated other comprehensive income.” Transaction gains and losses arising from currency exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the local functional currency are included in “Other expense” on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. Such transaction gains and losses may be realized or unrealized depending upon whether the transaction settled during the period or remains outstanding at the balance sheet date. Cash and cash equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Accounts receivable Accounts receivable are recorded at original invoice amount less an estimate for doubtful receivables based on a review of outstanding amounts monthly. Management determines the allowance for doubtful accounts by regularly evaluating individual customer receivables and considering a customer’s financial condition and credit history. Accounts receivable are written off when deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of trade accounts receivable previously written off are recorded when received. A rollforward of the allowance for doubtful accounts is presented below (in thousands): Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 7,486 Charged to/reversed from expense 4,088 Charged to/from other accounts 283 Deductions (write offs) (3,344 ) Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 8,513 Charged to/reversed from expense 3,149 Deductions (write offs) (1,888 ) Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 9,774 Fixed Assets Computer software, property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives of the assets: Computer software and hardware 3 to 5 years Leasehold improvements Shorter of lease term or useful life Furniture, fixtures and other equipment 3 to 5 years Gains or losses on disposals are included in results of operations at amounts equal to the difference between the net book value of the disposed assets and the proceeds received upon disposal. Costs for replacements and betterments are capitalized, while the costs of maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Property under capital leases are depreciated using the straight-line method over the lease term. Depreciation expense totaled $10.9 million and $16.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and includes amortization of assets recorded under capital leases. Internal-use software development costs The Company capitalizes certain internal computer software costs incurred during the application development stage. The application development stage generally includes software design and configuration, coding, testing and installation activities. Training and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred, while upgrades and enhancements are capitalized if it is probable that such expenditure will result in additional functionality. Capitalized software costs are depreciated over the estimated useful life of the underlying project on a straight-line basis. The Company’s estimated useful life of capitalized software costs varies between three and five years, depending on management’s expectation of the economic life of various software. Capitalized software amortization costs are recorded as a component of cost of revenue. Capitalized software costs are reflected as part of the “Intangible assets, net” in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and totaled $14.7 million and $18.5 million, net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Upon the adoption of ASU 2018-15 in 2021, capitalized implementation costs of cloud computing arrangements, which are classified as part of the “Intangible assets, net” as of December 31, 2020 and totaled $5.3 million are now included in both Prepaid expense and Other assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet and totaled $1.5 million and $5.1 million as of December 31, 2021, respectively. Intangible assets and other long-lived assets The Company evaluates the recoverability of its long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of any asset to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured as the difference between the fair value of the asset compared to its carrying amount. In the third quarter of 2021, we negotiated the termination of our license to use the Kroll Ontrack and KrolLDiscovery tradenames and executed the final agreements relating to the termination in October 2021. This significant change was a triggering event which resulted in an evaluation of impairment of our Kroll Ontrack and Kroll Discovery tradenames capitalized as part of our 2016 Kroll Ontrack acquisition. As a result, the Company recognized an impairment loss of $22.5 million in the third quarter of 2021, which was included in Impairment of intangible assets in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. Amortization expense totaled $26.2 million and $30.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively; $9.3 million and $11.8 million of which was classified as part of the “Cost of revenues” line in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. The Company allocates the purchase price of an acquisition to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The Company recognizes as goodwill the amount by which the purchase price of an acquired entity exceeds the net of the fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. In determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, the Company uses various recognized valuation methods including the income and market approaches. Further, the Company makes assumptions within certain valuation techniques, including discount rates, royalty rates, and the amount and timing of future cash flows. The Company records the net assets and results of operations of an acquired entity in the financial statements from the acquisition date. The Company initially performs these valuations based upon preliminary estimates and assumptions by management or independent valuation specialists under its supervision, where appropriate, and make revisions as estimates and assumptions are finalized. The Company expenses acquisition-related costs as they are incurred. Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the total consideration paid over identified intangible and tangible assets of the Company and its acquisitions. The Company tests its goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis on October 1, and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. These events or circumstances could include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, operating performance indicators, competition, or sale or disposition of a significant portion of a reporting unit. As of the October 1 testing date the Company determined there is one reporting unit. Goodwill impairment exists when the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If impairment exists, the carrying value of the goodwill is reduced by the excess through an impairment charge recorded in the Company’s statements of operations. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis. The fair value of the Company’s reporting unit is estimated using a combination of a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) analysis and market-based valuation methodologies such as comparable public company trading values. Determining fair value requires the exercise of significant judgments, including the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, long-term growth rates, discount rates and relevant comparable public company earnings multiples. The cash flows employed in the DCF analyses are based on the Company’s best estimate of future sales, earnings and cash flows after considering factors such as general market conditions, changes in working capital, long term business plans and recent operating performance. The carrying value of the reporting unit includes the assets and liabilities employed in its operations and goodwill. Accordingly, the Company has not identified any indicators of impairment, nor have any impairment charges been recorded related to goodwill resulting from the annual impairment test. The following table provides a rollforward of the carrying amount of goodwill (in thousands): Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 395,171 Acquisitions 1,009 Disposal (96 ) Foreign currency translation 3,001 Balance at December 31, 2020 399,085 Foreign currency translation (3,326 ) Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 395,759 Debt issuance costs Debt issuance costs are stated at cost, net of accumulated amortization, and are amortized over the term of the debt using both the straight-line and the effective yield methods. U.S. GAAP requires that the effective yield method be used to amortize debt acquisition costs; however, if the effect of using the straight-line method is not materially different from the results that would have been obtained under the effective yield method, the straight-line method may be used. The amortization for funded term debt is calculated according to the effective yield method and revolving and unfunded term debt is calculated according to the straight-line method. Debt issuance costs related to funded term debt is presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt liability, consistent with debt discounts or premiums. Debt issuance costs related to revolving and unfunded term debt is presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets within “Other assets.” Revenue recognition Revenues are recognized when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring goods or services promised in a contract to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those services. Performance obligations in our contracts represent distinct or separate service streams that we provide to our customers. The Company evaluates its revenue contracts with customers based on the five-step model under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue Recognition: (1) identify the contract with the customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to separate performance obligations; and (5) recognize revenues when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied. We provide Legal Technology services to our clients through several technology solutions including Nebula Ecosystem (“Nebula”) our internally developed end-to-end fully integrated proprietary solution. We also provide Data Recovery solutions. The following table summarizes revenue from contracts with customers for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands): 2021 2020 Technology Solutions Nebula Consolidated Technology Solutions Nebula Consolidated Legal technology $ 250,422 $ 25,911 $ 276,333 $ 228,510 $ 18,775 $ 247,285 Data recovery 44,144 — 44,144 42,260 — 42,260 Total revenue $ 294,566 $ 25,911 $ 320,477 $ 270,770 $ 18,775 $ 289,545 Performance Obligations and Timing of Revenue Recognition The Company primarily sells services and products that fall into the categories discussed below. Each category contains one or more performance obligations that are either (1) capable of being distinct (i.e., the customer can benefit from the product or service on its own or together with readily available resources, including those purchased separately from us) and distinct within the context of the contract (i.e., separately identified from other promises in the contract) or (2) a series of distinct products or services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer. (1) (2) Data recovery solutions, which provides data restoration, data erasure and data management services The Company generates the majority of its revenues by providing Legal Technology services to our clients. Most of our eDiscovery service contracts are time and materials types of arrangements. Time and materials arrangements are based on units of data stored or processed. Unit-based revenues are recognized as services are provided, based on either the amount of data stored or processed, the number of concurrent users accessing the information, or the number of pages or images processed for a client, at agreed upon per unit rates. We recognize revenues for these arrangements at a point in time utilizing a right-to-invoice practical expedient because we have a right to consideration for services completed to date. Certain other eDiscovery contracts are subscription-based, fixed-fee arrangements, which have tiered pricing based on the quantity of data hosted. For a fixed monthly fee, our clients receive a variety of optional eDiscovery services, which are included in addition to the data hosting. The Company recognizes revenues for these arrangements at a point in time based on predetermined monthly fees as determined in our contractual agreements, utilizing a right-to-invoice practical expedient because the Company has a right to consideration for services completed to date. Other Data recovery services are mainly fixed fee arrangements requiring the client to pay a pre-established fee in exchange for the successful completion of a data recovery on a predetermined device. For the recovery services performed by the Company’s technicians, the revenue is recognized at a point in time, when the recovered data is sent to the customer. Data erasure services are fixed fee arrangements for which revenue is recognized at a point in time, when the certificate of erasure is sent to the customer. The Company offers Share-based compensation The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all share-based awards to employees based on estimated grant date fair values on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model, depending on terms, facts and circumstances of each share-based award. The expected vesting of the Company’s performance-based RSUs is based upon the probability of a liquidity event, such as a change in control as defined under the 2019 Plan. The probability of achievement of the liquidity event, if any, is re-evaluated quarterly. Advertising Advertising costs consist of marketing, advertising through print and other media, professional event sponsorship and public relations. These costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs totaled $3.5 million and $4.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Advertising costs are reflected within “Sales and marketing” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. Research and development expense Costs incurred in the research and development of the Company’s technologies primarily consist of developer salaries. Research and development expenses were $10.3 million and $7.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Income taxes Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences in recognizing certain income, expense and credit items for financial reporting purposes and tax reporting purposes. Such deferred income taxes primarily relate to the difference between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to the future years in which deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or realized. Excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies are recognized in the income tax provision in the period in which they occur. The Company records a valuation allowance when it determines, based on available positive and negative evidence, that it is more-likely-than-not that some portion, or all its deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company determines the realizability of its deferred tax assets primarily based on the reversal of existing taxable temporary differences and projections of future taxable income (exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards). In evaluating such projections, the Company considers its history of profitability, the competitive environment, and general economic conditions. In addition, the Company considers the time frame over which it would take to utilize the deferred tax assets prior to their expiration. For certain tax positions, the Company uses a more-likely-than-not threshold based on the technical merits of the tax position taken. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured at the largest amount of tax benefits determined on a cumulative probability basis, which are more-likely-than-not to be realized upon ultimate settlement in the financial statements. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. Net Loss per Common Share Basic net loss per common share is determined by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted net loss per common share is determined by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year, plus the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents, including stock options and restricted shares. Common stock and common stock equivalents included in the computation represent shares issuable upon assumed exercise of outstanding stock options and release of restricted shares, except when the effect of their inclusion would be antidilutive. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards On October 1, 2021, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, (“ASU 2018-15”) on a prospective basis. ASU 2018-15 requires a customer in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract to follow the internal-use software guidance in ASC 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to defer and recognize as an asset. As of December 31, 2021, the Company classified the capitalized implementation costs in the same manner as the fees for the associated hosting arrangement, in its Consolidated Balance Sheet, Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Loss and Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. As of December 31, 2020, such costs are classified as part of Intangible assets, net on the consolidated balance sheet and classified as an investing activity in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted The Company has elected to be an Emerging Growth Company, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act and take advantage of the extended transition period of delaying the adoption of new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. This may make the comparison of the Company’s consolidated financial statements to other public companies not meaningful due to the differences in accounting standards being applied. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 202 2, and the Company is currently evaluating the impact that Topic 842 will have on its consolidated financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (“ASC 326”): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). This guidance is intended to introduce a revised approach to the recognition and measurement of credit losses, emphasizing an updated model based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. The Company is required to adopt ASC 326 effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and the Company is currently evaluating the impact that Topic 326 will have on its consolidated financial statements. |