B. Vacancies and Newly Created Directorships. Subject to the rights granted to the holders of any one or more series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, the rights granted pursuant to the Stockholders Agreement and the rights of any holder of Class X Stock, any newly created directorship on the Board of Directors that results from an increase in the total number of directors and any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors (whether by death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal or other cause) shall be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office (other than (x) directors elected by the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, voting separately as a series or together with one or more series, as the case may be, and (y) the Class X Director, if any), although less than a quorum, by a sole remaining director or by the stockholders;provided, however, that, subject to the rights granted to holders of one or more series of Preferred Stock then outstanding and the rights granted pursuant to the Stockholders Agreement, at any time when the Sponsors beneficially own, in the aggregate, less than 30% in voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, any newly created directorship on the Board of Directors that results from an increase in the number of directors and any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors shall be filled only by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director (other than (x) any directors elected by the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, by voting separately as a series or together with one or more other such series, as the case may be, and (y) the Class X Director, if any) (and not by stockholders). Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation, any director elected to fill a vacancy or newly created directorship shall hold office until the next election and until his or her successor shall be elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal.
C. Removal. Any or all of the directors (other than (x) any directors elected by the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, voting separately as a series or together with one or more other such series, as the case may be, and (y) the Class X Director, if any) may be removed at any time either with or without cause by the affirmative vote of a majority in voting power of all outstanding shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, voting as a single class.
D. Election of Directors by Written Ballot. Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws shall so provide.
E. Preferred Stock Directors. During any period when the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, voting separately as a series or together with one or more other such series, have the right to elect additional directors pursuant to the provisions of this Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any certificate of designation with respect to any series of Preferred Stock) in respect of such series, then upon commencement and for the duration of the period during which such right continues: (i) the then otherwise total number of directors of the Corporation shall automatically be increased by such specified number of directors, and the holders of such series of
8