Allowances for Loan Losses | 90
Agriculture loans $ 193 $ 48 $ 149 $ 390 $ 15,201 $ — $ 15,591 $ 149
Commercial and PPP loans 111 21 54 186 104,569 — 104,755 54
Commercial real estate loans 863 88 190 1,141 537,546 2,227 540,914 —
Residential real estate loans 2,474 137 1,176 3,787 246,863 182 250,832 540
Consumer loans 254 58 — 312 9,745 — 10,057 —
Municipal loans — — — — 5,466 — 5,466 —
Total $ 3,895 $ 352 $ 1,569 $ 5,816 $ 919,390 $ 2,409 $ 927,615 $ 743
December 31, 2021
(In Thousands) 30-59 60-89 90 Days Total Current Purchased Credit Impaired Loans Total Total > 90
Agriculture loans $ 83 $ — $ — $ 83 $ 9,258 $ — $ 9,341 $ —
Commercial and PPP loans 66 — — 66 121,800 512 122,378 —
Commercial real estate loans 245 — — 245 334,110 4,394 338,749 —
Residential real estate loans 1,427 211 869 2,507 228,145 650 231,302 762
Consumer loans 31 2 — 33 7,054 — 7,087 —
Municipal loans — — — — 6,182 — 6,182 —
Total $ 1,852 $ 213 $ 869 $ 2,934 $ 706,549 $ 5,556 $ 715,039 $ 762 Impaired Loans The following tables present the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances for impaired loans and related allowance, if applicable. Also presented are the average recorded investments and the related amount of interest recognized during the time within the period that the impaired loans were impaired.
As of December 31, 2022
(In Thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance
With no related allowance recorded:
Agriculture loans $ 300 $ 300 $ —
Commercial loans 35 55 —
Commercial real estate loans 2,306 2,312 —
Residential real estate loans 4,652 4,683 —
Consumer loans — — —
Municipal loans — — —
With an allowance recorded:
Agriculture loans $ — $ — $ —
Commercial loans 20 20 20
Commercial real estate loans — — —
Residential real estate loans — — —
Consumer loans — — —
Municipal loans — — —
Total
Agriculture loans $ 300 $ 300 $ —
Commercial loans 55 75 20
Commercial real estate loans 2,306 2,312 —
Residential real estate loans 4,652 4,683 —
Consumer loans — — —
Municipal loans — — —
$ 7,313 $ 7,370 $ 20
As of December 31, 2021
(In Thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance
With no related allowance recorded:
Agriculture loans $ — $ — $ —
Commercial loans 42 61 —
Commercial real estate loans — — —
Residential real estate loans 709 779 —
Consumer loans — — —
Municipal loans — — —
With an allowance recorded:
Agriculture loans $ — $ — $ —
Commercial loans — — —
Commercial real estate loans — — —
Residential real estate loans — — —
Consumer loans — — —
Municipal loans — — —
— — —
Total
Agriculture loans $ — $ — $ —
Commercial loans 42 61 —
Commercial real estate loans — — —
Residential real estate loans 709 779 —
Consumer loans — — —
Municipal loans — — —
$ 751 $ 840 $ —
For the Year Ended December 31,
2022 2021
(In Thousands) Average Interest Income Recognized Average Interest Income Recognized
With no related allowance recorded:
Agriculture loans $ 200 $ 9 $ — $ —
Commercial loans 39 — — —
Commercial real estate loans 2,365 125 — —
Residential real estate loans 4,772 159 759 20
Consumer loans — — — —
Municipal loans — — — —
7,376 293 759 20
With an allowance recorded:
Agriculture loans $ — $ — $ — $ —
Commercial loans 23 1 — —
Commercial real estate loans — — — —
Residential real estate loans — — — —
Consumer loans — — — —
Municipal loans — — — —
23 1 — —
Total $ 7,399 $ 294 $ 759 $ 20
The following table present nonaccrual loans by classes of the loan portfolio:
(In Thousands) December 31, December 31,
Commercial and PPP loans $ 35 $ 39
Commercial real estate loans 231 144
Residential real estate loans 1,652 449
Consumer loans — 2
Total $ 1,918 $ 634 The above nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 exclude PCI loans with balances of $ 2,409 and $ 5,556 , respectively. Management does not consider these loans to be non-performing as they are accounted for under the accretable yield method and are performing in line with expectations as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 . Approximate ly $ 540,914 or 58.3 % o f the Bank’s loan portfolio was in commercial real estate loans at December 31, 2022 . While the Bank does not have a concentration of credit risk with any single borrower or industry, repayments on loans in these portfolios can be negatively influenced by decreases in real estate values. The Bank mitigates this risk through conservative underwriting policies and procedures. In addition, $ 139,555 of real estate-commercial loans were owner occupied properties as of December 31, 2022. These types of loans are generally considered to involve less risk than nonowner-occupied mortgages. At December 31, 2022 and 2021 , the carrying amount of borrowings secured by loans pledged to the FHLB under its blanket lien was $ 0 and $ 1,120 , respectively. Loan Modifications and Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs) A loan is considered to be a TDR loan when the Company grants a concession to the borrower because of the borrower’s financial condition that it would not otherwise consider. Such concessions include the reduction of interest rates, forgiveness of principal or interest, or other modifications of interest rates that are less than the current market rate for new obligations with similar risk. The Bank may grant a concession or modification for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial condition that it would not otherwise consider resulting in a modified loan which is then identified as a troubled debt restructuring (TDR). The Bank may modify loans through rate reductions, extensions of maturity, interest only payments, or payment modifications to better match the timing of cash flows due under the modified terms with the cash flows from the borrowers’ operations. Loan modifications are intended to minimize the economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of the collateral. TDRs are considered impaired loans for purposes of calculating the Bank’s allowance for loan losses. The Bank identifies loans for potential restructure primarily through direct communication with the borrower and evaluation of the borrower’s financial statements, revenue projections, tax returns, and credit reports. Even if the borrower is not presently in default, management will consider the likelihood that cash flow shortages, adverse economic conditions, and negative trends may result in a payment default in the near future. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had no loans identified as TDRs. There were also no new loan modifications during the periods that were considered TDRs. COVID-19 Loan Forbearance Programs Section 4013 of the CARES Act provides that banks may elect not to categorize a loan modification as a TDR if the loan modification is (1) related to COVID-19; (2) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and (3) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of (A) 60 days after the date on which the national emergency concerning the novel coronavirus disease (COVID–19) outbreak declared by the President on March 13, 2020, under the National Emergencies Act terminates, or (B) January 1, 2022. On April 7, 2020, federal banking regulators issued a revised interagency statement that included guidance on their approach for the accounting of loan modifications in light of the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The guidance interprets current accounting standards and indicates that a lender can conclude that a borrower is not experiencing financial difficulty if short-term modifications are made in response to COVID-19, such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant related to the loans in which the borrower is less than 30 days past due on its contractual payments at the time a modification program is implemented. According to the Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised) issued by the federal bank regulatory agencies on April 7, 2020, short-term loan modifications not otherwise eligible under Section 4013 that are made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current prior to any relief are not TDRs. This includes short-term (e.g., six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had no loans that remain on a CARES Act modification. In addition, the risk-rating on COVID-19 modified loans did not change, and these loans will not be considered past due until after the deferral period is over and scheduled payments resume. The credit quality of these loans will be reevaluated after the deferral period ends. " id="sjs-B4" xml:space="preserve">6. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES The segments of the Company’s loan portfolio are disaggregated to a level that allows management to monitor risk and performance. The loan segments used are consistent with the internal reports evaluated by the Company’s management and Board of Directors to monitor risk and performance within various segments of its loan portfolio and, therefore, no further disaggregation is considered necessary. The Company’s loan portfolio consists primarily of real estate loans on commercial and residential property. The portfolio also includes agricultural loans, commercial loans, municipal loans, and consumer loans. The Company’s primary lending activity is the origination of commercial loans extended to small and mid-sized commercial and industrial entities. Commercial loans are primarily underwritten on the basis of the borrowers’ ability to service such debt from income. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. As a general practice, the Company takes as collateral a security interest in any equipment, or other chattel, although loans may also be made on an unsecured basis. Collateralized working capital loans typically are secured by short-term assets whereas long-term loans are primarily secured by long-term assets. Construction and Land loans are to finance the construction of owner-occupied and income producing properties. These loans are categorized within commercial or one-to-four family residential loans based upon the underlying collateral and intended use following the completion of the construction period. Real estate development and construction loans are approved based on an analysis of the borrower and guarantor, the viability of the project and on an acceptable percentage of the appraised value of the property securing the loan. Construction loan funds are disbursed periodically based on the percentage of construction or development completed. The Company carefully monitors these loans with on-site inspections and requires the receipt of lien waivers on funds advanced. The Company considers the market conditions and feasibility of proposed projects, the financial condition and reputation of the borrower and guarantors, the amount of the borrower’s equity in the project, independent appraisals, cost estimates and pre-construction sale information. The Company also makes loans on occasion for the purchase of land for future development by the borrower. Land loans are extended for the future development for either commercial or residential use by the borrower. The Company carefully analyzes the intended use of the property and the viability thereof. The Company’s commercial real estate loans consist of mortgage loans secured by nonresidential real estate, such as by apartment buildings, small office buildings, and owner-occupied properties. Commercial real estate loans are secured by the subject property and are underwritten based on loan to value limits, cash flow coverage and general creditworthiness of the obligors. These loans tend to involve larger loan balances and their repayment is typically dependent upon the successful operation and management of the underlying real estate. Residential real estate loans are underwritten based on the borrower’s repayment capacity and source, value of the underlying property, credit history and stability. These loans are secured by a first or second mortgage on the borrower’s principal residence or their second/vacation home (excluding investment/rental property). In addition to the main types of loans discussed above, the Company also originates agricultural loans, consumer loans, and municipal loans. The agricultural loan portfolio consists of loans to local farmers and agricultural businesses that are generally secured by farmland and equipment. The consumer loan portfolio consists of lending in the form of home equity loans secured by financed property and personal consumer loans, which may be secured or unsecured. The municipal loan portfolio consists of loans to qualified local municipalities, which are generally supported by the taxing authority of the borrowing municipality, and is frequently secured by collateral. Management has an established methodology to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses that assesses the risks and losses inherent in the loan portfolio. For purposes of determining the allowance for loan losses the Company has segmented certain loans in the portfolio by product type. Loans are segmented into the following pools: agriculture loans, commercial real estate loans, commercial loans, residential real estate loans, consumer loans, and municipal loans. Historical loss percentages for each risk category are calculated and used as the basis for calculating allowance allocations. These historical loss percentages are calculated over a four-year period for all portfolio segments. Certain qualitative factors are then added to the historical allocation percentage to get the adjusted factor to be applied to non-classified loans. The following qualitative factors are analyzed for each portfolio segment: • Levels of and trends in delinquencies • Trends in volume and terms • Changes in collateral • Changes in management and lending staff • Economic trends • Concentrations of credit • Changes in lending policies • External factors • Changes in underwriting process • Trends in credit quality ratings These qualitative factors are reviewed each quarter and adjusted based upon relevant changes within the portfolio. The total allowance reflects management’s estimate of loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the Consolidated Balance Sheet date. The Company considers the allowance for loan losses adequate to cover loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio at December 31, 2022 and 2021. The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan class for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Agriculture Commercial and PPP Commercial Residential Consumer Municipal Unallocated Total (In Thousands) For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 23 $ 582 $ 799 $ 1,634 $ 22 $ 15 $ 77 $ 3,152 Charge-offs — ( 1 ) — ( 3 ) ( 3 ) — — ( 7 ) Recoveries — 32 — 197 2 — — 231 Provision 10 ( 30 ) 1,663 ( 292 ) 19 ( 3 ) ( 77 ) 1,290 Ending balance $ 33 $ 583 $ 2,462 $ 1,536 $ 40 $ 12 $ 0 $ 4,666 For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 120 $ 290 $ 314 $ 1,702 $ 35 $ 18 $ 310 $ 2,789 Charge-offs — ( 24 ) ( 18 ) ( 297 ) — — — ( 339 ) Recoveries — 22 — 32 — — — 54 Provision ( 97 ) 294 503 197 ( 13 ) ( 3 ) ( 233 ) 648 Ending balance $ 23 $ 582 $ 799 $ 1,634 $ 22 $ 15 $ 77 $ 3,152 The increase in the allowance for loan losses allocated to the commercial loans and commercial real estate loans can be attributed to loan growth in both loan portfolios, and for commercial real estate loans, the increase in the carrying value of loans that have been risk rated as Special Mention and Substandard as of December 31, 2022. Please see the "Credit Quality Information" section below for further details. The following table illustrates the balance of loans individually evaluated vs. collectively evaluated for impairment at December 31, 2022 and 2021. Agriculture Commercial and PPP Commercial Residential Consumer Municipal Unallocated Total (In Thousands) As of December 31, 2022 Allowance for loan losses: Ending balance $ 33 $ 583 $ 2,462 $ 1,536 $ 40 $ 12 $ — $ 4,666 Ending balance: individually $ — $ 20 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 20 Ending balance: collectively evaluated $ 33 $ 563 $ 2,462 $ 1,536 $ 40 $ 12 $ — $ 4,646 Loans: Ending balance $ 15,591 $ 104,755 $ 540,914 $ 250,832 $ 10,057 $ 5,466 $ 927,615 Ending balance: individually $ 300 $ 55 $ 2,306 $ 4,652 $ — $ — $ 7,313 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit $ — $ — $ 2,227 $ 182 $ — $ — $ 2,409 Ending balance: collectively evaluated $ 15,291 $ 104,700 $ 536,381 $ 245,998 $ 10,057 $ 5,466 $ 917,893 Agriculture Commercial and PPP Commercial Residential Consumer Municipal Unallocated Total (In Thousands) As of December 31, 2021 Allowance for loan losses: Ending balance $ 23 $ 582 $ 799 $ 1,634 $ 22 $ 15 $ 77 $ 3,152 Ending balance: individually $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively evaluated $ 23 $ 582 $ 799 $ 1,634 $ 22 $ 15 $ 77 $ 3,152 Loans: Ending balance $ 9,341 $ 122,378 $ 338,749 $ 231,302 $ 7,087 $ 6,182 $ 715,039 Ending balance: individually $ — $ 42 $ — $ 709 $ — $ — $ 751 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit $ — $ 512 $ 4,394 $ 650 $ — $ — $ 5,556 Ending balance: collectively evaluated $ 9,341 $ 121,824 $ 334,355 $ 229,943 $ 7,087 $ 6,182 $ 708,732 The Company evaluated whether loans acquired in the Merger were within the scope of ASC 310-30, Receivables - Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality. Purchased credit-impaired loans ("PCI") are loans that have evidence of credit deterioration since origination and it is probable at the date of acquisition that the Company will not collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. The fair value of purchased credit-impaired loans, on the acquisition date, was determined, primarily based on the fair value of loan collateral. The carrying value of purchased loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality as a result of the Merger was $ 2,409 a t December 31, 2022. On the acquisition date, the preliminary estimate of the unpaid principal balance for all PCI loans acquired through the Merger was $ 6,627 and the estimated fair value of the loans was $ 5,384 . Total contractually required payments on these loans, including interest, at acquisition was $ 8,509 . The Company's estimate of expected cash flows was $ 5,793 at the acquisition date. The Company established a credit risk related non-accretable discount of $ 2,716 relating to these PCI loans, reflected in the recorded net fair value. The Company further estimated the timing and amount of expected cash flows in excess of the estimated fair value and established an accretable discount of $ 409 relating to these PCI loans. The remaining unamortized accretable discount at December 31, 2022 totaled $ 0 . The following table provides activity for the accretable yield of PCI loans for the year ended December 31, 2022. (In Thousands) December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Accretable yield, beginning of period $ 307 $ — Additions — 409 Accretion of income ( 151 ) ( 102 ) Reclassifications from nonaccretable difference due to improvement in expected cash flows — — Other changes, net ( 156 ) — Accretable yield, end of period $ — $ 307 Credit Quality Information The following tables represent credit exposures by internally assigned grades as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. The grading analysis estimates the capability of the borrower to repay the contractual obligations of the loan agreements as scheduled or at all. The Company’s internally assigned grades are as follows: Pass – loans that are protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the value of the underlying collateral. There are four sub-grades within the Pass category to further distinguish the loan. Special Mention – loans where a potential weakness or risk exists, which could cause a more serious problem if not corrected. Substandard – loans that have a well-defined weakness based on objective evidence and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful – loans classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in a Substandard asset. In addition, these weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, based on existing circumstances. Loss – loans classified as a Loss are considered uncollectible and are immediately charged against allowances. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the internal risk rating system as of December 31, 2022 and 2021: (In Thousands) Special As of December 31, 2022 Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Agriculture loans $ 15,291 $ — $ 300 $ — $ 15,591 Commercial and PPP loans 101,980 2,721 54 — 104,755 Commercial real estate loans 533,864 2,516 4,534 — 540,914 Residential real estate loans 246,028 207 4,597 — 250,832 Consumer loans 10,057 — — — 10,057 Municipal loans 5,466 — — — 5,466 Total $ 912,686 $ 5,444 $ 9,485 $ — $ 927,615 (In Thousands) Special As of December 31, 2021 Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Agriculture loans $ 9,341 $ — $ — $ — $ 9,341 Commercial and PPP 117,918 3,757 703 — 122,378 Commercial real estate loans 332,156 2,077 4,516 — 338,749 Residential real estate loans 228,664 1,657 981 — 231,302 Consumer loans 7,087 — — — 7,087 Municipal loans 6,182 — — — 6,182 Total $ 701,348 $ 7,491 $ 6,200 $ — $ 715,039 The following tables present an aging analysis of the recorded investment of past-due loans. December 31, 2022 (In Thousands) 30-59 60-89 90 Days Total Current Purchased Credit Impaired Loans Total Total > 90 Agriculture loans $ 193 $ 48 $ 149 $ 390 $ 15,201 $ — $ 15,591 $ 149 Commercial and PPP loans 111 21 54 186 104,569 — 104,755 54 Commercial real estate loans 863 88 190 1,141 537,546 2,227 540,914 — Residential real estate loans 2,474 137 1,176 3,787 246,863 182 250,832 540 Consumer loans 254 58 — 312 9,745 — 10,057 — Municipal loans — — — — 5,466 — 5,466 — Total $ 3,895 $ 352 $ 1,569 $ 5,816 $ 919,390 $ 2,409 $ 927,615 $ 743 December 31, 2021 (In Thousands) 30-59 60-89 90 Days Total Current Purchased Credit Impaired Loans Total Total > 90 Agriculture loans $ 83 $ — $ — $ 83 $ 9,258 $ — $ 9,341 $ — Commercial and PPP loans 66 — — 66 121,800 512 122,378 — Commercial real estate loans 245 — — 245 334,110 4,394 338,749 — Residential real estate loans 1,427 211 869 2,507 228,145 650 231,302 762 Consumer loans 31 2 — 33 7,054 — 7,087 — Municipal loans — — — — 6,182 — 6,182 — Total $ 1,852 $ 213 $ 869 $ 2,934 $ 706,549 $ 5,556 $ 715,039 $ 762 Impaired Loans The following tables present the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances for impaired loans and related allowance, if applicable. Also presented are the average recorded investments and the related amount of interest recognized during the time within the period that the impaired loans were impaired. As of December 31, 2022 (In Thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance With no related allowance recorded: Agriculture loans $ 300 $ 300 $ — Commercial loans 35 55 — Commercial real estate loans 2,306 2,312 — Residential real estate loans 4,652 4,683 — Consumer loans — — — Municipal loans — — — With an allowance recorded: Agriculture loans $ — $ — $ — Commercial loans 20 20 20 Commercial real estate loans — — — Residential real estate loans — — — Consumer loans — — — Municipal loans — — — Total Agriculture loans $ 300 $ 300 $ — Commercial loans 55 75 20 Commercial real estate loans 2,306 2,312 — Residential real estate loans 4,652 4,683 — Consumer loans — — — Municipal loans — — — $ 7,313 $ 7,370 $ 20 As of December 31, 2021 (In Thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance With no related allowance recorded: Agriculture loans $ — $ — $ — Commercial loans 42 61 — Commercial real estate loans — — — Residential real estate loans 709 779 — Consumer loans — — — Municipal loans — — — With an allowance recorded: Agriculture loans $ — $ — $ — Commercial loans — — — Commercial real estate loans — — — Residential real estate loans — — — Consumer loans — — — Municipal loans — — — — — — Total Agriculture loans $ — $ — $ — Commercial loans 42 61 — Commercial real estate loans — — — Residential real estate loans 709 779 — Consumer loans — — — Municipal loans — — — $ 751 $ 840 $ — For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 (In Thousands) Average Interest Income Recognized Average Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Agriculture loans $ 200 $ 9 $ — $ — Commercial loans 39 — — — Commercial real estate loans 2,365 125 — — Residential real estate loans 4,772 159 759 20 Consumer loans — — — — Municipal loans — — — — 7,376 293 759 20 With an allowance recorded: Agriculture loans $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial loans 23 1 — — Commercial real estate loans — — — — Residential real estate loans — — — — Consumer loans — — — — Municipal loans — — — — 23 1 — — Total $ 7,399 $ 294 $ 759 $ 20 The following table present nonaccrual loans by classes of the loan portfolio: (In Thousands) December 31, December 31, Commercial and PPP loans $ 35 $ 39 Commercial real estate loans 231 144 Residential real estate loans 1,652 449 Consumer loans — 2 Total $ 1,918 $ 634 The above nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 exclude PCI loans with balances of $ 2,409 and $ 5,556 , respectively. Management does not consider these loans to be non-performing as they are accounted for under the accretable yield method and are performing in line with expectations as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 . Approximate ly $ 540,914 or 58.3 % o f the Bank’s loan portfolio was in commercial real estate loans at December 31, 2022 . While the Bank does not have a concentration of credit risk with any single borrower or industry, repayments on loans in these portfolios can be negatively influenced by decreases in real estate values. The Bank mitigates this risk through conservative underwriting policies and procedures. In addition, $ 139,555 of real estate-commercial loans were owner occupied properties as of December 31, 2022. These types of loans are generally considered to involve less risk than nonowner-occupied mortgages. At December 31, 2022 and 2021 , the carrying amount of borrowings secured by loans pledged to the FHLB under its blanket lien was $ 0 and $ 1,120 , respectively. Loan Modifications and Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs) A loan is considered to be a TDR loan when the Company grants a concession to the borrower because of the borrower’s financial condition that it would not otherwise consider. Such concessions include the reduction of interest rates, forgiveness of principal or interest, or other modifications of interest rates that are less than the current market rate for new obligations with similar risk. The Bank may grant a concession or modification for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial condition that it would not otherwise consider resulting in a modified loan which is then identified as a troubled debt restructuring (TDR). The Bank may modify loans through rate reductions, extensions of maturity, interest only payments, or payment modifications to better match the timing of cash flows due under the modified terms with the cash flows from the borrowers’ operations. Loan modifications are intended to minimize the economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of the collateral. TDRs are considered impaired loans for purposes of calculating the Bank’s allowance for loan losses. The Bank identifies loans for potential restructure primarily through direct communication with the borrower and evaluation of the borrower’s financial statements, revenue projections, tax returns, and credit reports. Even if the borrower is not presently in default, management will consider the likelihood that cash flow shortages, adverse economic conditions, and negative trends may result in a payment default in the near future. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had no loans identified as TDRs. There were also no new loan modifications during the periods that were considered TDRs. COVID-19 Loan Forbearance Programs Section 4013 of the CARES Act provides that banks may elect not to categorize a loan modification as a TDR if the loan modification is (1) related to COVID-19; (2) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and (3) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of (A) 60 days after the date on which the national emergency concerning the novel coronavirus disease (COVID–19) outbreak declared by the President on March 13, 2020, under the National Emergencies Act terminates, or (B) January 1, 2022. On April 7, 2020, federal banking regulators issued a revised interagency statement that included guidance on their approach for the accounting of loan modifications in light of the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The guidance interprets current accounting standards and indicates that a lender can conclude that a borrower is not experiencing financial difficulty if short-term modifications are made in response to COVID-19, such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant related to the loans in which the borrower is less than 30 days past due on its contractual payments at the time a modification program is implemented. According to the Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised) issued by the federal bank regulatory agencies on April 7, 2020, short-term loan modifications not otherwise eligible under Section 4013 that are made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current prior to any relief are not TDRs. This includes short-term (e.g., six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had no loans that remain on a CARES Act modification. In addition, the risk-rating on COVID-19 modified loans did not change, and these loans will not be considered past due until after the deferral period is over and scheduled payments resume. The credit quality of these loans will be reevaluated after the deferral period ends. |