| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation, Principles of Consolidation and Principles Combination The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the consolidated balance sheet and statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), equity, and cash flows of OneSpaWorld. All significant intercompany items and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (which are of a normal recurring nature) necessary to present fairly our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Restatement On May 10, 2021, the Company amended its 2020 Form 10-K (“Form 10-K/A”) to restate previously issued consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and for the year ended December 31, 2020, and the Period from March 20, 2019 to December 31, 2019. The restatement related to accounting for warrants incorrectly as components of equity as opposed to liabilities. Refer to the Form 10-K/A filed on May 10, 2021 for additional information regarding the restatement. Emerging Growth Company The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). As modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), the Company may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemption from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Further, section 102(b) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Securities Act) are required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can elect to opt-out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies, but any such election is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt-out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company, which is neither an emerging growth company nor a non-emerging growth company, which has opted-out of using the extended transition period, difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with reputable major financial institutions. Deposits with these banks exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits or similar limits in foreign jurisdictions. While the Company monitors daily the cash balances in its operating accounts and adjusts the balances as appropriate, these balances could be impacted if one or more of the financial institutions with which the Company deposits funds fails or is subject to other adverse conditions in the financial or credit markets. To date, the Company has experienced no loss or lack of access to invested cash or cash equivalents; however, it can provide no assurance that access to invested cash and cash equivalents will not be impacted by adverse conditions in the financial and credit markets. Restricted Cash These balances include amounts held in escrow accounts, as a result of a legal proceeding related to a tax assessment. The following table reconciles cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, to the total amount presented in our consolidated statements of cash flows for years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):
As of December 31,
2022 2021
Cash and cash equivalents $ 32,064 $ 30,937
Restricted cash 1,198 1,896
Total cash and restricted cash in the consolidated statement of cash flows $ 33,262 $ 32,833 Inventories Inventories, consisting principally of personal care products, are stated at the lower of cost, as determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or market. All inventory balances are comprised of finished goods used in beauty and health and wellness services or held for resale for sale to customers. Inventory reserve is recorded to write down the cost of inventory to the estimated market value. No inventory reserve was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2022. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, we recorded inventory impairment charges of $ 4.0 million (of which approximately $ 2.0 million was recorded in the three months ended December 31, 2021) and $ 6.0 million, respectively, for the decline in the net realizable value of inventories, which is included in Cost of products in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. This impairment charge principally was the result of excess, slow-moving, expiration of products and damaged inventories held at our Maritime segment caused by the cessation of our cruise line partners operations and, consequently, our Maritime segment operations due to the coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic. The establishment of inventory reserves involved estimating the amount of inventories that would be sold at or used in health and wellness services on cruises when they returned to sailing, which was uncertain and dependent on our cruise line partners and its customers that use our services and purchase our products. There was no incremental impairment during 2022. The activity in the Company’s inventory reserve is summarized as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
2022 2021 2020
Beginning balance $ ( 5,870 ) $ ( 6,000 ) $ -
Impairment charges - ( 3,977 ) ( 6,000 )
Write-offs 5,870 4,107 -
Ending balance $ - $ ( 5,870 ) $ ( 6,000 ) Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not add to the value of the related assets or materially extend their original lives, are expensed as incurred. Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized in a straight-line basis over the shorter of the terms of the respective leases and the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Other than Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets The Company reviews long-lived assets including property and equipment and intangible assets with finite lives for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate, based on estimated future cash flows, that the carrying amount of these assets may not be fully recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset (asset group) to future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset (asset group). An asset group is the lowest level of assets and liabilities for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. When estimating future cash flows, the Company considers: • only the future cash flows that are directly associated with and that are expected to arise as a direct result of the use and eventual disposition of the asset group; • potential events and changes in circumstance affecting key estimates and assumptions; and • the existing service potential of the asset (asset group) at the date tested. If an asset (asset group) is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset (asset group) exceeds its fair value. When determining the fair value of the asset (asset group), the Company considers the highest and best use of the assets from a market-participant perspective. The fair value measurement is generally determined through the use of independent third-party appraisals or an expected present value technique, both of which may include a discounted cash flow approach, which reflects assumptions of what market participants would utilize to price the asset (asset group). Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Assets to be abandoned, or from which no further benefit is expected, are written down to zero at the time that the determination is made, and the assets are removed entirely from service. Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired. In 2020, our goodwill was fully impaired as we concluded the fair value was below carrying value. Trade name represents our Identifiable intangible asset not subject to amortization and is assessed for impairment annually each October or, more frequently, when events or circumstances dictate an interim test is necessary. The impairment assessment for trade name allows us to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a more detailed quantitative trade name impairment test. We would perform the quantitative test if our qualitative assessment determined it was more-likely-than-not that the trade name is impaired. We may also elect to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to the quantitative test. The qualitative assessment evaluates factors including macro-economic conditions, industry and company-specific factors, and historical company performance in assessing fair value. Our trade name would be considered impaired if its carrying value exceeds their estimated fair value. No impairment was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized a goodwill and trade name impairment charges of $ 190.1 million and $ 0.7 million, respectively, based on the interim impairment tests performed as of March 31, 2020. See Note 4 – “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” and “Note 15 – “Fair Value Measurement and Derivatives” for further details. Definite-Lived Intangible Assets The Company amortizes intangible assets with definite lives on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Definite-Lived Intangible Assets include the contracts with cruise lines and leases with hotels and resorts. Contracts with cruise lines are generally renewed every five years . The Company has the intent and ability to renew such contracts over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Costs incurred to renew contracts are capitalized and amortized to cost of revenues and operating expenses over the term of the contract. Lease agreements with destination resorts in which the Company operates are generally renewed every ten years . The Company has the intent and ability to renew such contracts. Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when customers obtain control of goods and services promised by the Company. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the amount that reflects the consideration that is expected to be received in exchange for those respective goods and services. Amounts recognized are gross of commissions to cruise line or destination resort partners, which typically withhold commissions from customer payments. The Company has elected to present sales taxes on a net basis and, as such, sales taxes are excluded from revenue. Revenue is reported net of discounts and net of any estimated refund liability, which is determined based on historical experience. The Company also issues gift cards for future goods or services; revenue is recognized when they are redeemed; we also recognize revenue for breakage based on past experience for gift card amounts we expect to go unredeemed. Cost of Revenues Cost of services consists primarily of the cost of product consumed in the rendering of a service, an allocable portion of wages paid to shipboard employees, an allocable portion of payments to cruise lines (which are derived as a percentage of service revenues or a minimum annual rent or a combination of both), an allocable portion of staff-related shipboard expenses, costs related to recruitment and training of shipboard employees, wages paid directly to destination resort employees, payments to destination resort venue owners, and health and wellness facility depreciation. Cost of products consists primarily of the cost of products sold through the Company’s various methods of distribution, an allocable portion of wages paid to shipboard employees, an allocable portion of payments to cruise lines (which are derived as a percentage of product revenues or a minimum annual rent or a combination of both), and an allocable portion of staff-related shipboard expenses. Costs incurred to renew long-term contracts are capitalized and amortized to cost of services over the term of the contract. Shipping and Handling Shipping and handling costs associated with inbound freight are capitalized to inventories and relieved through cost of sales as inventories are sold. Shipping and handling costs associated with the delivery of products are included in administrative expenses. The shipping and handling costs included in administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $ 0.2 million, $ 0.04 million and $ 0.04 million, respectively. Lease Concessions In April 2020, the FASB issued guidance allowing entities to make a policy election whether to account for lease concessions related to the COVID-19 pandemic as lease modifications. The election applies to any lessor-provided lease concession related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, provided the concession does not result in a substantial increase in the rights of the lessor or in the obligations of the lessee. Most of our destination resorts agreements require the payment of rent based on a percentage of our revenues with others having fixed rent. We have received lease concessions from certain destination resorts where a fixed rent is required, in the form of rent deferrals and forgiveness during the year ended December 31, 2020. We have elected not to account for these rent concessions as lease modifications. The recognition of these rent concessions did not have a material impact on our consolidated statement of operations during the year ended December 31, 2020. No lease concessions were received during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Advertising Substantially all of the Company’s advertising costs are charged to expense as incurred, except costs that result in tangible assets, such as brochures, which are recorded as prepaid expenses and charged to expense as consumed. Advertising expenses included in cost of revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $ 2.1 million, $ 1.5 million and $ 2.4 million, respectively. Share-Based Compensation The Company recognizes expense for our share-based compensation awards using a fair-value-based method. Share-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period for awards that are based on a service period and not contingent upon any future performance. Share-based compensation expense is included within salary, benefits and payroll taxes expense in the consolidated statements of operations. We elected to treat shared-based awards with only service conditions and graded vesting features as a single award and recognize stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis. Share-based awards with performance and graded vesting features are expensed using the accelerated attribution method. We recognize forfeitures as they occur rather than estimating them over the life of the award. See Note 10 – “Stock Based Compensation” for further details. Debt Issuance Costs Debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability are presented in the consolidated balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. These deferred issuance costs are amortized over the term of the loan agreement. The amortization of deferred financing fees is included in interest expense, net in the consolidated statements of operations. Warrant Accounting We account for common stock warrants in accordance with applicable guidance provide in ASC Topic 815 as either liability or equity instruments depending on the specific terms of the warrant agreement. We evaluated the warrants under this guidance and concluded that they do not meet the criteria to be classified in shareholders’ equity in all periods presented. Accordingly, the warrants are classified as a liability at fair value on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2022 and 2021. The change in the fair value of such liability in each period is recognized as a gain or loss in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Income Taxes As part of the process of preparing the consolidated financial statements, the Company is required to estimate its income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which it operates. This process involves estimating the Company’s actual current income tax exposure together with an assessment of temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax purposes and accounting purposes, respectively. These differences result in deferred income tax assets and liabilities which are included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Deferred taxes are recorded using the currently enacted tax rates that applied in the periods that the differences are expected to reverse. The Company must then assess the likelihood that its deferred income tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent that the Company believes that recovery is not likely, the Company must establish a valuation allowance. With respect to acquired deferred tax assets, changes within the measurement period, under ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, that result from new information about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date shall be recognized through a corresponding adjustment to goodwill. Subsequent to the measurement period, all other changes shall be reported as a reduction or increase to income tax expense in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. The Company believes a large percentage of its shipboard service’s income is foreign-source income, not effectively connected to a business it conducts in the U.S. and, therefore, not subject to U.S. income taxation. The Company recognizes interest and penalties within the provision for income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations. To the extent interest and penalties are not assessed with respect to uncertain tax positions, amounts accrued, therefore, will be reduced and reflected as a reduction of the overall income tax provision. The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount of benefit, determined on a cumulative probability basis, which is more than 50 % likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Earnings (Loss) Per Share As discussed in Note 9 – “Equity”, the Company has two classes of common stock, Voting and Non-Voting. Shares of Non-Voting common stock are in all respects identical to and treated equally with shares of Voting common stock except for the absence of voting rights. Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) adjusted for the change in fair value of warrant liabilities, if the impact is dilutive, by the weighted average number of diluted shares, as calculated under the treasury stock method, which includes the potential effect of dilutive common stock equivalents, such as options and warrants to purchase common shares, and contingently issuable shares. If the entity reports a net loss, rather than net income for the period, the computation of diluted loss per share excludes the effect of dilutive common stock equivalents, if their effect is anti-dilutive. The Company has not presented income (loss) per share under the two-class method, because the income (loss) per share are the same for both Voting and Non-Voting common stock since they are entitled to the same liquidation and dividend rights. The following table provides details underlying OneSpaWorld’s income (loss) per basic and diluted share calculation (in thousands, except per share data):
Year Ended December 31,
2022 2021 2020
Numerator:
Net income (loss) $ 53,159 $ ( 68,522 ) $ ( 287,977 )
Gain on fair value of in-the-money warrant liabilities: ( 6,400 ) - -
Net income (loss), adjusted for change in fair value of warrants for diluted earnings per share $ 46,759 $ ( 68,522 ) $ ( 287,977 )
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding – Basic 92,507 90,134 74,359
Dilutive effect of 2020 PIPE Warrants 1,914 - -
Dilutive effect of stock-based awards 684 - -
Diluted (a) 95,105 90,134 74,359
Net Income (loss) per voting and non-voting share
Basic $ 0.57 $ ( 0.76 ) $ ( 3.87 )
Diluted $ 0.49 $ ( 0.76 ) $ ( 3.87 ) (a) During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, potential common shares under the treasury stock method were antidilutive because the Company reported a net loss in this period and the effect of the change in the fair value of warrants was antidilutive. Consequently, the Company did not have any adjustments in this period between basic and diluted loss per share related to stock options, warrants, deferred shares and restricted stock. The table below presents the number of antidilutive potential common shares that are not considered in the calculation of diluted income (loss) per share (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
2022 2021 2020
Common share warrants (a) 24,145 29,145 26,974
Deferred shares - - 3,840
Employee stock options - - 4,376
Restricted share units 511 1,499 702
Performance stock units 312 1,227 589
24,968 31,871 36,481 (a) Includes all Public, Sponsor and 2020 PIPE Warrants. Foreign Currency Transactions For currency exchange rate purposes, assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated at the rate of exchange in effect at the balance sheet date. Equity and other items are translated at historical rates, and income and expenses are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. The related translation adjustments are reflected in the accumulated other comprehensive loss caption of the Company’s balance sheets. Foreign currency gains and losses resulting from transactions, including intercompany transactions, are included in results of operations. The transaction gains (losses) included in the administrative expenses caption of the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $ 0.3 million, $( 0.2 ) million and $ ( 0.07 ) million, respectively. Fair Value Measurements Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Additionally, the inputs used to measure fair value are prioritized based on a three-level hierarchy. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows: • Level 1—Value is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. • Level 2—Value is based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1. This includes dealer and broker quotations, bid prices, quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. • Level 3—Value is based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities The Company records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Company has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk in a fair value hedge or the earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transactions in a cash flow hedge. Gains and losses on derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges are recorded as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss until the underlying hedged transactions are recognized in earnings. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include the valuation of certain assets acquired in the Business Combination, assessment of net realizable value of inventories, the recovery of long-lived assets and other intangible assets, the determination of deferred income taxes including valuation allowances, the useful lives of definite-lived intangible assets, the fair value of warrants, contingencies and property and equipment. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents with high quality financial institutions. As of December 31, 2022, and 2021, the Company had three cruise companies that represented greater than 10 % of accounts receivable. The Company does not normally require collateral or other security to support normal credit sales. The Company controls credit risk through credit approvals, credit limits, and monitoring procedures. Accounts receivable are stated at amounts due from customers, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company records an allowance for doubtful accounts with respect to accounts receivable using historical collection experience, and generally, an account receivable balance is written off once it is determined to be uncollectible. The Company reviews the historical collection experience and considers other facts and circumstances and adjusts the calculation to record an allowance for doubtful accounts as appropriate. If the Company’s current collection trends were to differ significantly from historic collection experience, the Company would make a corresponding adjustment to the allowance. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $ 0.1 million and $ 0.5 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and 2020, allowance for doubtful account expense amounted to $ 0.02 , $ 0.5 million and $ 0.2 million, respectively. Allowance for doubtful accounts expense is included within administrative operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The activity in the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts is summarized as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
2022 2021 2020
Beginning balance $ ( 497 ) $ ( 44 ) $ ( 10 )
Provision for doubtful accounts ( 18 ) ( 453 ) ( 172 )
Write-offs 399 - 138
Ending balance $ ( 116 ) $ ( 497 ) $ ( 44 ) Adoption of Accounting Pronouncements On January 1, 2022 , we adopted the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 , “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”) using the modified retrospective approach and elected the optional transition method, which allows entities to initially apply the standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. Upon adoption, we applied the guidance to all existing leases. For leases with a term greater than 12 months, the new guidance requires the lease rights and obligations arising from the leasing arrangements, including operating leases, to be recognized as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. Upon adoption of the new guidance, the most significant impact was the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities relating to operating leases in the amounts of $ 16.0 million and $ 16.3 million, respectively, reported within Operating lease right-of-use assets and Long-term operating lease liabilities, respectively, with the current portion of the liability reported within Current portion of operating leases liabilities, in our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2022. Another $ 0.3 million was reclassified to the operating right-of-use assets from liability accounts relating to the existing leases. There was no cumulative effect of applying the new standard and accordingly there was no adjustment to our retained earnings upon adoption. The comparative information presented has not been recast and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. For further information on leases, see Note 6- "Leases". This guidance did not have any impact to our consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), consolidated statements of cash flows and our debt-covenants calculations under our current agreements. The adoption does not change the timing, classification or amount of expense recognized in our consolidated financial statements nor does it change the timing, classification or amount of cash payments included within the consolidated statement of cash flows. Recent Accounting Pronouncements With the exception of those discussed below, there have been no recent accounting pronouncement |
