BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Presentation - The accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements of the Company (the “Financial Statements”) reflect the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows as the business was operated as part of Ensign prior to the Spin-Off, and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Prior to the Spin-Off, the combined financial statements were prepared on a stand-alone basis and derived from the consolidated financial statements and accounting records of Ensign. Management believes that the Financial Statements reflect, in all material respects, all adjustments which are of a normal and recurring nature necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with GAAP applicable to the annual period. All intercompany transactions and balances between the various legal entities comprising the Company have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated and combined statements of income reflect income that is attributable to the Company and the noncontrolling interest. The Company consists of various limited liability companies and corporations established to operate home health, hospice, home care, and senior living operations. The Financial Statements include the accounts of all entities controlled by the Company through its ownership of a majority voting interest. Revenue was derived from transactional information specific to the Company’s services provided. The costs in the consolidated and combined statements of income reflect direct costs and allocated costs prior to the Spin-Off. Estimates and Assumptions - The preparation of Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. The most significant estimates in the Company’s Financial Statements relate to revenue, cost allocations, intangible assets and goodwill, right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases greater than 12 months, and income taxes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Revenue Recognition - On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”) applying the modified retrospective method. The adoption of Topic 606 did not have a material impact on the measurement nor on the recognition of revenue of contracts, for which all revenue had not been recognized, as of January 1, 2018, therefore no cumulative adjustment has been made to the opening balance of retained earnings at the beginning of 2018. See Note 5 , Revenue and Accounts Receivable . Cost Allocation - The Financial Statements include allocations of costs for certain shared services provided to the Company by Ensign subsidiaries prior to the Spin-Off on October 1, 2019. Such allocations include, but are not limited to, executive management, accounting, human resources, information technology, compliance, legal, payroll, insurance, tax, treasury, and other general and administrative items. These costs were allocated to the Company on a basis of revenue, location, employee count, or other measures. These cost allocations are reflected within general and administrative expense in the consolidated and combined statements of income, including for share-based compensation expenses disclosed in Note 12 , Options and Awards . The amount of general and administrative costs allocated prior to October 1, 2019, inclusive of share-based compensation expense, was $23,710. The amount of general and administrative costs, inclusive of share-based compensation, allocated for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 were $18,843 and $14,463, respectively. Management believes the basis on which the expenses were allocated to be a reasonable reflection of the services provided to the Company during the periods. Ensign’s external debt and related interest expense were not allocated to the Company for any of the periods presented as no portion of the borrowings were assumed by the Company as part of the Spin-Off. All interest incurred by the Company was subsequent to the Spin-Off. Prior to the Spin-Off, employees of the Company’s subsidiaries participated in Ensign’s equity-based incentive plans (the “Ensign Plans”) and the Cornerstone Subsidiary Equity plan (the “Subsidiary Equity Plan”). Share-based compensation includes the expense attributable to employees of the Company’s subsidiaries who participated in the Ensign Plans, as well as the allocated cost related to Ensign subsidiaries’ employees that participated in the Ensign Plans. Share-based compensation related to Ensign subsidiaries’ employees that participated in the Ensign Plans were allocated on the basis of revenue. All share-based compensation related to the Subsidiary Equity Plan was recognized in the Financial Statements and, therefore, no cost allocation was necessary. Prior to the Spin-Off, share-based compensation costs associated with the Subsidiary Equity Plan awards was initially measured at fair value at the grant date and was expensed as non-cash compensation over the vesting term. Historically, these awards were granted once per year and the fair value has been determined by an independent valuation of the subsidiary shares. The valuation incorporated a discounted cash flow analysis combined with a market-based approach to determine the fair value of the subsidiary equity. Cash and cash equivalents - Cash and cash equivalents consist of bank term deposits and therefore approximates fair value. The Company places its cash with high credit quality financial institutions. Prior to the Spin-off the Company participated in a cash management program with Ensign where net cash activity was included in the net parent investment. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - Accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from Medicare and Medicaid programs, other government programs, managed care health plans and private payor sources, net of estimates for variable consideration. The allowance for doubtful accounts reflects the Company’s best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balance. Property and Equipment - Property and equipment are initially recorded at their historical cost. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the depreciable assets (ranging from three Impairment of Long-Lived Assets - The Company reviews the carrying value of long-lived assets that are held and used in the independent operating subsidiaries for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is determined based upon expected undiscounted future net cash flows from the operating subsidiary to which the assets relate, utilizing management’s best estimate, appropriate assumptions, and projections at the time. If the carrying value is determined to be unrecoverable from future operating cash flows, the asset is deemed impaired and an impairment loss would be recognized to the extent the carrying value exceeded the estimated fair value of the asset. The Company estimates the fair value of assets based on the estimated future discounted cash flows of the asset. Management has evaluated its long-lived assets and the Company did not identify any asset impairment during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. Intangible Assets and Goodwill - Definite-lived intangible assets consist primarily of patient base and customer relationships. Patient base is amortized over a period of four months to eight months, depending on the classification of the patients and the level of occupancy in a new acquisition when acquired. Customer relationships are amortized between one seven The Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trade names and Medicare and Medicaid licenses. The Company tests indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the intangible asset may not be recoverable. The Company did not identify any asset impairment during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations. Given the time it takes to obtain pertinent information, the initial fair value might not be finalized at the time of the reported period. Accordingly, it is not uncommon for the initial estimates to be subsequently revised. The Company recorded goodwill and other intangible assets at the operation level when acquired, and as such, these assets are identifiable specifically to the subsidiaries of Pennant. Goodwill is subject to annual testing for impairment. In addition, goodwill is tested for impairment if events occur or circumstances change that would reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The Company performs its annual test for impairment during the fourth quarter of each year. The Company did not identify any impairment charge during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. See further discussion at Note 9, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net . Fair Value of Financial Instruments - The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The Company believes all of the financial instruments’ recorded values approximate fair values because of their nature or respective short durations. The Company determines fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. Income Taxes - Prior to the date of the Spin-off, the Company’s operations have been included in Ensign’s U.S. federal and state income tax returns and all income taxes have been paid by subsidiaries of Ensign. Also prior to the date of the Spin-off, income tax expense and other income tax related information contained in these Financial Statements were presented using a separate tax return approach. Under this approach, the provision for income taxes represents income tax paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year calculated as if the Company was a stand-alone taxpayer filing hypothetical income tax returns. Management believes that the assumptions and estimates used to determine these tax amounts are reasonable. However, the Company’s Financial Statements may not necessarily reflect its income tax expense or tax payments in the future, or what tax amounts would have been if the Company had been a stand-alone company for the entire period presented. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities at tax rates in effect when such temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company generally expects to fully utilize its deferred tax assets; however, when necessary, the Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its net deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. In determining the need for a valuation allowance or the need for and magnitude of liabilities for uncertain tax positions, the Company makes certain estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions are based on, among other things, knowledge of operations, markets, historical trends and likely future changes and, when appropriate, the opinions of advisors with knowledge and expertise in certain fields. Due to certain risks associated with the Company’s estimates and assumptions, actual results could differ. Noncontrolling Interest - Prior to the Spin-Off, the Company presented the noncontrolling interest and the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the Company in its Financial Statements. The carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest was adjusted by an allocation of subsidiary earnings based on ownership interest prior to the Spin-Off. The noncontrolling subsidiary interest included in the Financial Statements was converted into common shares of Pennant concurrent with the distribution to Ensign stockholders at the date of the Spin-Off and thus, will no longer be allocated a portion of earnings . Share-Based Compensation - The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all share-based payment awards, including employee stock options, made to employees and Pennant’s directors based on estimated fair values, ratably over the requisite service period of the award. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. Net income has been reduced as a result of the recognition of the fair value of all stock options and restricted stock awards issued, the amount of which is contingent upon the number of future grants and other variables. The total amount of share-based compensation was $3,382, $2,382, and $2,298 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, of which $2,769, $1,900 and $1,823, respectively, was recorded in general and administrative expense. For further discussion see Note 12, Options and Awards. Invested Capital - The net parent investment on the consolidated and combined balance sheets represents Ensign’s historical investment in the Company, the net effect of transactions with, and allocations from, Ensign and the Company’s accumulated earnings. Invested capital was reclassified into additional paid-in-capital at the date of the Spin-Off. Earnings Per Share - For all prior periods presented, the earnings per share included on the accompanying Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income was calculated based on the 27,834 shares of Pennant common stock distributed on October 1, 2019 in conjunction with the Spin-Off, including shares related to the conversion of the noncontrolling interest. Prior to October 1, 2019, Pennant did not have any issued and outstanding common stock. The same number of shares was used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share since no Pennant employee equity awards were outstanding prior to the Spin-Off. In connection with the Spin-Off, shares of existing equity awards were replaced with shares under the new Pennant awards and are reflected in basic and diluted net income per share for the year ended December 31, 2019. For further discussion see Note 4, Computation of Net Income Per Common Share. Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Except for rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws and a limited number of grandfathered standards, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) is the sole source of authoritative GAAP literature recognized by the FASB and applicable to the Company. For any new pronouncements, the Company considers whether the new pronouncements could alter previous generally accepted accounting principles and determines whether any new or modified principles will have a material impact on the Company’s reported financial position or operations in the near term. The applicability of any standard is subject to the formal review of the Company’s financial management and certain standards are under consideration. Recent Accounting Standards Adopted by the Company Leases and Leasehold Improvements - The Company leases senior living communities and commercial office space. In February 2016, the FASB established Topic 842, which requires lessees to recognize leases with terms longer than 12 months on the balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The classification criteria for distinguishing between operating and finance (previously capital) leases are substantially similar to the previous lease guidance, but with no explicit bright lines. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC Topic 842, Leases (“Topic 842”), using the modified retrospective transition method. Leases for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2019 are presented under Topic 842, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under ASC Topic 840, Leases (“Topic 840” ). The Company has elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance which allows us to not reassess (1) initial direct costs, (2) lease classification for existing or expired leases, and (3) lease definition for existing or expired contracts as of the effective date of January 1, 2019. The new standard also provides practical expedients for an entity’s ongoing accounting. The Company has made an accounting policy election to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off of the balance sheets and recognize those lease payments in the condensed combined statements of income on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The Company does not have material subleases. At the inception of each lease, the Company performs an evaluation to determine whether the lease should be classified as an operating or finance lease. Operating leases are included in operating lease assets, current operating lease liabilities and noncurrent operating lease liabilities on the Company's consolidated and combined balance sheet. As the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its estimated incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at lease commencement date in determining the present value of future lease payments. The Company records rent expense for operating leases on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The lease term used for straight-line rent expense is calculated from the date the Company is given control of the leased premises through the end of the lease term. The lease term excludes lease renewals because the renewal rents are not at a bargain, there are no economic penalties for the Company not to renew the lease, and it is not reasonably assured that the Company will exercise the extension options. The lease term used for this evaluation also provides the basis for establishing depreciable lives for buildings subject to lease and leasehold improvements. The adoption of this standard resulted in recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $240,090 and $241,453, respectively, on the Company’s combined balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. Neither net deferred tax assets nor equity were impacted as a result of the adoption of this standard. The standard did not materially affect its consolidated and combined net earnings or have a notable impact on liquidity. See further discussion at Note 13, Leases . Prior to the adoption of Topic 842, the Company recognized revenue related to its senior living residency agreements in accordance with the provisions of Topic 840. Subsequent to the adoption of Topic 842, lessors are required to separately recognize and measure the lease component of a contract with a customer utilizing the provisions of Topic 842 and the non-lease components utilizing the provisions of Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. To separately account for the components, the transaction price is allocated among the components based upon the estimated stand-alone selling prices of the components. Additionally, certain components of a contract which were previously included within the lease element recognized in accordance with Topic 842 prior to the adoption of Topic 842 (such as common area maintenance services, other basic services, and executory costs) are recognized as non-lease components subject to the provisions of Topic 606 subsequent to the adoption of Topic 842. Entities are required to recognize a cumulative effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings as of the initial application date of Topic 842 for changes to amounts recognized for these certain components for the transition from Topic 840 to Topic 606. However, entities are permitted to elect the practical expedient under ASU 2018-11, Leases (“ASU 2018-11”), allowing lessors to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components when certain criteria are met. Entities that elect to utilize the lease/non-lease component combination practical expedient under ASU 2018-11 upon initial application of Topic 842 are required to apply the practical expedient to all new and existing transactions within a class of underlying assets that qualify for the expedient as of the initial application date with a cumulative effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings as of the initial application date for any changes recognized related to existing transactions. Upon adoption of Topic 842, the Company elected the lessor practical expedient within ASU 2018-11. The Company recognizes revenue under resident agreements based upon the predominant component, either the lease or non-lease component, of the contracts rather than allocating the consideration and separately accounting for it under Topic 842 and Topic 606. The Company has concluded that the non-lease components of the agreements governing its senior living communities are the predominant component of the contract; therefore, the Company recognizes revenue for these agreements under Topic 606. The timing and pattern of revenue recognition is substantially the same as that in effect prior to the adoption of Topics 606 and 842. Stock Compensation - In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASU 2018-07”), which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for nonemployee share-based payment transactions resulting from expanding the scope of ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“Topic 718”), to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. ASU 2018-07 specifies that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. ASU 2018-07 also clarifies that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606. The Company adopted ASU 2018-07 effective January 1, 2019. The adoption of ASU 2018-07 did not have a material impact on Interim Financial Statements and related disclosures. Accounting Standards Recently Issued but Not Yet Adopted by the Company Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2018-13 “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement” or ASU 2018-13 - In August 2018, the FASB issued amended guidance to simplify fair value measurement disclosure requirements. The new provisions eliminate the requirements to disclose (1) transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, (2) policies related to valuation processes and the timing of transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy, and (3) net asset value disclosure of estimates of timing of future liquidity events. The FASB also modified disclosure requirements of Level 3 fair value measurements. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. FASB ASU, 2017-04 “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment” or ASU 2017-04 - In January 2017, the FASB issued amended authoritative guidance to simplify and reduce the cost and complexity of the goodwill impairment test. The new guidance eliminates “Step 2” from the traditional two-step goodwill impairment test and redefines the concept of impairment from a measure of loss when comparing the implied fair value of goodwill to its carrying amount, to a measure comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. The FASB also eliminated the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment or “Step 2” of the goodwill impairment test. The new guidance does not amend the optional qualitative assessment of goodwill impairment. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. FASB ASU 2016-13 “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” or ASU 2016-13 - In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ( “Topic 326”), which replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected credit loss model and requires a financial asset measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Topic 326 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2020, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is performing its valuation and does not expect the standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. |