Note 4: Loans, Leases and Allowance | Note 4: Loans, Leases and Allowance Categories of loans at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 include: March 31, December 31, 2020 2019 Commercial mortgage $ 238,878 $ 229,410 Commercial and industrial 76,002 84,549 Construction and development 58,051 53,426 Multi-family 58,101 66,002 Residential mortgage 132,662 131,294 Home equity 6,606 6,996 Direct financing leases 111,691 109,592 Consumer 12,828 13,534 694,819 694,803 Less Allowance for loan and lease losses 7,306 7,089 Deferred loan fees 459 456 $ 687,054 $ 687,258 The following tables present the activity in the allowance for loan and lease losses for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. Commercial Commercial and Residential Mortgage Industrial Mortgage Leases Consumer Total Three Months Ended March 31, 2020: Balance, beginning of period $ 4,564 $ 1,852 $ 109 $ 426 $ 138 $ 7,089 Provision (credit) for losses 72 (87 ) 38 190 (4 ) 210 Charge-offs — — (15 ) (55 ) (5 ) (75 ) Recoveries 32 7 16 22 6 82 Balance, end of period $ 4,668 $ 1,772 $ 148 $ 583 $ 135 $ 7,306 Three Months Ended March 31, 2019: Balance, beginning of period $ 3,147 $ 1,817 $ 139 $ 389 $ 108 $ 5,600 Provision (credit) for losses 269 221 (37 ) 38 34 525 Charge-offs — (250 ) (2 ) (82 ) (34 ) (368 ) Recoveries 4 2 17 47 9 79 Balance, end of period $ 3,420 $ 1,790 $ 117 $ 392 $ 117 $ 5,836 The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan and lease losses and the recorded investment in loans and leases based on portfolio segment and impairment method as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: March 31, 2020 Commercial Commercial and Residential Mortgage Industrial Mortgage Leases Consumer Total Allowance for loan and lease losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 202 $ — $ — $ — $ 202 Collectively evaluated for impairment 4,668 1,570 148 583 135 7,104 Balance, March 31 $ 4,668 $ 1,772 $ 148 $ 583 $ 135 $ 7,306 Loans and leases: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 792 $ 673 $ 306 $ — $ — $ 1,771 Collectively evaluated for impairment 378,709 72,378 112,860 111,691 17,410 693,048 Ending balance: March 31 $ 379,501 $ 73,051 $ 113,166 $ 111,691 $ 17,410 $ 694,819 December 31, 2019 Commercial Commercial and Residential Mortgage Industrial Mortgage Leases Consumer Total Allowance for loan and lease losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 202 $ — $ — $ — $ 202 Collectively evaluated for impairment 4,564 1,650 109 426 138 6,887 Balance, December 31 $ 4,564 $ 1,852 $ 109 $ 426 $ 138 $ 7,089 Loans and leases: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 803 $ 694 $ 347 $ — $ — $ 1,844 Collectively evaluated for impairment 377,494 73,920 114,061 109,592 17,892 692,959 Ending balance: December 31 $ 378,297 $ 74,614 $ 114,408 $ 109,592 $ 17,892 $ 694,803 The Company rates all loans by credit quality using the following designations: Grade 1 – Exceptional Exceptional loans are top-quality loans to individuals whose financial credentials are well known to the Company. These loans have excellent sources of repayment, are well documented and/or virtually free of risk (i.e., CD secured loans). Grade 2 – Quality Loans These loans have excellent sources of repayment with no identifiable risk of collection, and they conform in all respects to Company policy and Indiana Department of Financial Institutions (“IDFI”) and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) regulations. Documentation exceptions are minimal or are in the process of being corrected and are not of a type that could subsequently expose the Company to risk of loss. Grade 3 – Acceptable Loans This category is for “average” quality loans. These loans have adequate sources of repayment with little identifiable risk of collection and they conform to Company policy and IDFI/FDIC regulations. Grade 4 – Acceptable but Monitored Loans in this category may have a greater than average risk due to financial weakness or uncertainty but do not appear to require classification as special mention or substandard loans. Loans rated “4” need to be monitored on a regular basis to ascertain that the reasons for placing them in this category do not advance or worsen. Grade 5 – Special Mention Loans in this category have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special Mention loans are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. This special mention rating is designed to identify a specific level of risk and concern about an asset’s quality. Although a special mention loan has a higher probability of default than a pass rated loan, its default is not imminent. Grade 6 – Substandard Loans in this category are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified must have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Substandard loans have a high probability of payment default, or they have other well-defined weaknesses. Such loans have a distinct potential for loss; however, an individual loan’s potential for loss does not have to be distinct for the loan to be rated substandard. The following are examples of situations that might cause a loan to be graded a “6”: · · · · Grade 7 – Doubtful A loan classified as doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. A doubtful loan has a high probability of total or substantial loss. Doubtful borrowers are usually in default, lack adequate liquidity or capital, and lack the resources necessary to remain an operating entity. Because of high probability of loss, nonaccrual accounting treatment will be required for doubtful loans. Grade 8 – Loss Loans classified loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the loan even though partial recovery may be effected in the future. The risk characteristics of each loan portfolio segment are as follows: Commercial and Industrial Commercial and industrial loans are primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory, and may include a personal guarantee. Short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers. Commercial Mortgage including Construction Loans in this segment include commercial loans, commercial construction loans, and multi-family loans. This segment also includes loans secured by 1-4 family residences which were made for investment purposes. Commercial real estate loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. The characteristics of properties securing the Company’s commercial real estate portfolio are diverse, but with geographic location almost entirely in the Company’s market area. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on collateral, geography and risk grade criteria. In general, the Company avoids financing single purpose projects unless other underwriting factors are present to help mitigate risk. In addition, management tracks the level of owner-occupied commercial real estate versus nonowner-occupied loans. Construction loans are underwritten utilizing feasibility studies, independent appraisal reviews and financial analysis of the developers and property owners. Construction loans are generally based on estimates of costs and value associated with the complete project. These estimates may be inaccurate. Construction loans often involve the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment substantially dependent on the success of the ultimate project. Sources of repayment for these types of loans may be pre-committed permanent loans from approved long-term lenders, sales of developed property or an interim loan commitment from the Company until permanent financing is obtained. These loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections and are considered to have higher risks than other real estate loans due to their ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property, general economic conditions and the availability of long-term financing. Residential, Brokered and Consumer Residential, brokered and consumer loans consist of three segments – residential mortgage loans, brokered mortgage loans and personal loans. For residential mortgage loans that are secured by 1-4 family residences and are generally owner-occupied, the Company generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Brokered mortgages are purchased residential mortgage loans meeting the Company’s criteria established for originating residential mortgage loans. Home equity loans are typically secured by a subordinate interest in 1-4 family residences, and consumer personal loans are secured by consumer personal assets, such as automobiles or recreational vehicles. Some consumer personal loans are unsecured, such as small installment loans and certain lines of credit. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income of the borrowers, which can be impacted by economic conditions in their market areas, such as unemployment levels. Repayment can also be impacted by changes in property values on residential properties. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers. Leases Lease financing consists of direct financing leases and are used by commercial customers to finance capital purchases of equipment. The credit decisions for these transactions are based upon an assessment of the overall financial capacity of the applicant. A determination is made as to the applicant’s financial condition and ability to repay in accordance with the proposed terms as well as an overall assessment of the risks involved. The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio based on rating category and payment activity as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: March 31, 2020 Commercial Construction Commercial and and Multi- Residential Home Mortgage Industrial Development Family Mortgage Equity Leases Consumer Total 1-4 Pass $ 229,760 $ 68,932 $ 58,051 $ 58,101 $ 129,702 $ 6,344 $ 111,499 $ 12,653 $ 675,042 5 Special Mention 7,452 4,107 -— — 183 64 — — 11,806 6 Substandard 1,666 2,963 — — 2,777 198 131 175 7,910 7 Doubtful — — — — — — 61 — 61 8 Loss — — — — — — — — — $ 238,878 $ 76,002 $ 58,051 $ 58,101 $ 132,662 $ 6,606 $ 111,691 $ 12,828 $ 694,819 December 31, 2019 Commercial Construction Commercial and and Multi- Residential Home Mortgage Industrial Development Family Mortgage Equity Leases Consumer Total 1-4 Pass $ 220,240 $ 75,814 $ 53,426 $ 66,002 $ 127,888 $ 6,871 $ 109,424 $ 13,519 $ 673,184 5 Special Mention 7,489 5,731 — — 189 64 — — 13,473 6 Substandard 1,681 3,004 — — 3,217 61 94 15 8,072 7 Doubtful — — — — — — 74 — 74 8 Loss — — — — — — — — — $ 229,410 $ 84,549 $ 53,426 $ 66,002 $ 131,294 $ 6,996 $ 109,592 $ 13,534 $ 694,803 The following tables present the Company’s loan and lease portfolio aging analysis of the recorded investment in loans and leases as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: March 31, 2020 Total Total Loans Delinquent Loans Portfolio and Leases 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days and Total Past Loans and > 90 Days Past Due Past Due Over Due Current Leases Accruing Commercial mortgage $ 78 $ 462 $ 401 $ 941 $ 237,937 $ 238,878 $ 217 Commercial and industrial 91 193 424 708 75,294 76,002 424 Construction and development — — — — 58,051 58,051 — Multi-family — 1,047 — 1,047 57,054 58,101 — Residential mortgage 908 322 2,241 3,471 129,191 132,662 2,048 Home equity 57 — 154 211 6,395 6,606 154 Leases 276 — 73 349 111,342 111,691 73 Consumer 80 22 175 277 12,551 12,828 175 Totals $ 1,490 $ 2,046 $ 3,468 $ 7,004 $ 687,815 $ 694,819 $ 3,091 December 31, 2019 Total Total Loans Delinquent Loans Portfolio and Leases 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days and Total Past Loans and > 90 Days Past Due Past Due Over Due Current Leases Accruing Commercial mortgage $ 217 $ — $ 184 $ 401 $ 229,009 $ 229,410 $ — Commercial and industrial 220 1,092 438 1,750 82,799 84,549 3 Construction and development — 257 249 506 52,920 53,426 249 Multi-family — — — — 66,002 66,002 — Residential mortgage 762 240 2,452 3,454 127,840 131,294 2,256 Home equity 189 36 15 240 6,756 6,996 15 Leases 108 29 79 216 109,376 109,592 49 Consumer 271 35 15 321 13,213 13,534 15 Totals $ 1,767 $ 1,689 $ 3,432 $ 6,888 $ 687,915 $ 694,803 $ 2,587 The following tables present the Company’s impaired loans and specific valuation allowance at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: March 31, 2020 Unpaid Recorded Principal Specific Balance Balance Allowance Loans without a specific valuation allowance Commercial mortgage $ 792 $ 872 $ — Commercial and industrial 422 791 — Residential mortgage 306 559 — $ 1,520 $ 2,222 $ — Loans with a specific valuation allowance Commercial and industrial $ 251 $ 259 $ 202 $ 251 $ 259 $ 202 Total impaired loans Commercial mortgage $ 792 $ 872 $ — Commercial and industrial 673 1,050 202 Residential mortgage 306 559 — Total impaired loans $ 1,771 $ 2,481 $ 202 December 31, 2019 Unpaid Recorded Principal Specific Balance Balance Allowance Loans without a specific valuation allowance Commercial mortgage $ 803 $ 1,256 $ — Commercial and industrial 435 3,220 — Residential mortgage 347 614 — $ 1,585 $ 5,090 $ — Loans with a specific valuation allowance Commercial and industrial $ 259 $ 266 $ 202 $ 259 $ 266 $ 202 Total impaired loans Commercial mortgage $ 803 $ 1,256 $ — Commercial and industrial 694 3,486 202 Residential mortgage 347 614 — Total impaired loans $ 1,844 $ 5,356 $ 202 The following tables present the Company’s average investment in impaired loans and interest income recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. Average Investment in Interest Impaired Income Loans Recognized Three Months Ended March 31, 2020: Total impaired loans Commercial mortgage $ 797 $ 7 Commercial and industrial 684 14 Residential mortgage 326 5 Total impaired loans $ 1,807 $ 26 Average Investment in Interest Impaired Income Loans Recognized Three Months Ended March 31, 2019: Total impaired loans Commercial mortgage $ 728 $ 15 Commercial and industrial 1,043 10 Residential mortgage 386 4 Total impaired loans $ 2,157 $ 29 The following table presents the Company’s nonaccrual loans and leases at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: March 31, December 31, 2020 2019 Commercial mortgage $ 330 $ 342 Commercial and industrial 480 494 Residential mortgage 305 315 Leases 61 74 $ 1,176 $ 1,225 During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no newly classified troubled debt restructured loans or leases (“TDRs”). For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded no charge-offs related to TDRs. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, TDRs had a related allowance of $52,000. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, there were no TDRs for which there was a payment default within the first 12 months of the modification. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of 2020 ("CARES Act") provided guidance around the modification of loans as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which outlined, among other criteria, that short-term modifications made on a good faith basis to borrowers who were current as defined under the CARES Act prior to any relief, are not TDRs. This includes short-term (e.g. six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. Borrowers are considered current under the CARES Act if they are less than 30 days past due on their contractual payments at the time a modification program is implemented. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the balance of real estate owned includes $32,000 and $0, respectively, of foreclosed residential real estate properties recorded as a result of obtaining physical possession of the property. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceeds were in process was $159,000 and $190,000, respectively. The following lists the components of the net investment in direct financing leases: March 31, December 31, 2020 2019 Total minimum lease payments to be received $ 123,152 $ 120,570 Initial direct costs 5,804 5,720 128,956 126,290 Less: Unearned income (17,265 ) (16,698 ) Net investment in direct finance leases $ 111,691 $ 109,592 The amount of leases serviced by First Bank Richmond for the benefit of others was approximately $507,000 and $715,000 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Additionally, certain leases have been sold with partial recourse. First Bank Richmond estimates and records its obligation based upon historical loss percentages. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, First Bank Richmond has recorded a recourse obligation on leases sold with recourse of $0, and has a maximum exposure of $411,000 and $411,000, respectively, for these leases. The following table summarizes the future minimum lease payments receivable subsequent to March 31, 2020: 2020 $ 35,114 2021 39,360 2022 26,220 2023 14,987 2024 6,758 Thereafter 713 $ 123,152 |