Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies | 2. Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars and have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and as amended by Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) of the FASB. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Augmedix, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Augmedix Operating Corporation, Augmedix BD Limited and Augmedix Solutions Pvt. Ltd. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation. Further, certain prior period disclosures in the footnotes to the consolidated financial statements have been enhanced to conform with current period disclosures. The Company deemed these changes in presentation and disclosures to be immaterial. Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s significant estimates and judgments involve the average period of benefit associated with costs capitalized to obtain a revenue contract, incremental borrowing rate, and stock-based compensation, including the underlying fair value of the Company’s common stock for grants issued when the Company was a private company. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Segment Information Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company views its operations and manages its business in one segment. Foreign Currency Transactions, Translations and Foreign Operations The functional currency of the Bangladesh and India subsidiaries are the Bangladeshi Taka and Indian Rupee, respectively. All assets and liabilities denominated in each entity’s functional currency are translated into the United States Dollar using the exchange rate in effect as of the balance sheet dates. Expenses are translated using the weighted average exchange rate for the reporting period. The resulting translation gains and losses are recorded within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded within other income (expenses) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Transaction gains were $0.3 million and $22,000 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Operations outside the United States are subject to risks inherent in operating under different legal systems and various political and economic environments. Among the risks are changes in existing tax laws, possible limitations on foreign investment and income repatriation, government price or foreign exchange controls, and restrictions on currency exchange. Concentrations of Credit Risk and Major Customers Financial instruments at December 31, 2022 and 2021 that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash is deposited with major financial institutions in the U.S., Bangladesh and India. At times, deposits in financial institutions located in the U.S. may be in excess of the amount of insurance provided on such deposits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). Cash deposits at foreign financial institutions are not insured by government agencies of Bangladesh and India. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses on its cash deposits. The Company’s accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers located in the U.S. Major customers are defined as those generating revenue in excess of 10% of the Company’s annual revenue. The Company had three major customers during the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Revenues from the major customers accounted for 18%, 16% and 12% of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022, and 23%, 20% and 11% of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021. Two customers account for 10% or more of the accounts receivable, with balances of $1.4 million and $0.7 million at December 31, 2022. One customer individually accounts for 10% or more of accounts receivable with a balance of $2.5 million at December 31, 2021. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of cash on deposit and money market accounts. Cash equivalents are all highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Restricted Cash Restricted cash represents amounts held on deposit at a commercial bank used to secure the Company’s credit card facility and to collateralize a letter of credit in the name of the Company’s landlord pursuant to a certain operating lease that will be returned 60 days following the expiration or early termination of the lease December 31, (in thousands) 2022 2021 Cash and cash equivalents $ 21,251 $ 41,255 Restricted cash 125 125 Restricted cash, non-current 612 207 Total cash and restricted cash presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows $ 21,988 $ 41,587 Accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts Accounts receivable primarily relates to amounts due from customers, which are typically due within 30 to 45 days from invoice date. The Company provides credit to its customers in the normal course of business and maintains allowances for potential credit losses. The Company does not require collateral or other security for accounts receivable. To reduce credit risk with accounts receivable, the Company submits invoices to customers and they are due in advance of the month of service provided. The Company also performs periodic evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. Historically, such losses have been immaterial and within management’s expectations. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. The Company depreciates computer hardware, software and equipment using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, ranging from one to three years. The Company depreciates furniture and fixtures using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, ranging from five to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the asset’s useful life or the remaining lease term. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred by the Company. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets held and used is measured by comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets, less costs to sell. The Company did not record any expense related to asset impairment in 2022 or 2021. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Certain assets and liabilities of the Company are carried at fair value under GAAP. The Company uses a three-level hierarchy, which prioritizes, within the measurement of fair value, the use of market-based information over entity-specific information for fair value measurements based on the nature of inputs used in the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. Fair value focuses on an exit price and is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The inputs or methodology used for valuing financial instruments are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with those financial instruments. The three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements is defined as follows: Level 1: Level 2: Level 3: An asset or liability’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Revenue Recognition ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers The Company derives its revenue through a recurring subscription model. The Company enters into contracts or agreements with its customers with a general initial term of one year. Customers are invoiced in advance and must generally pay an upfront implementation fee. The upfront implementation fee is deferred and recognized over the period the customer benefits and customer prepayments are deferred and included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets in deferred revenue. Revenues are recognized over time as the professional services are provided to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services. The customer receives the benefit of our scribing services as we perform them. Our services include fixed and variable fee subscriptions and are a single performance obligation consisting of a series of distinct services. These fixed fees are recognized ratably over the contract terms as this method best depicts the pattern of the services we perform. Variable fees are recognized in the month in which they are earned because the terms of the variable payments relate specifically to the outcome from transferring the distinct time increment (month) of service and because such amounts reflect the fees to which we expect to be entitled for providing the services for that period, consistent with the allocation objective. As permitted under the practical expedient available under ASU 2014-09, the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, (ii) contracts with variable consideration that is allocated entirely to unsatisfied performance obligations or to a wholly unsatisfied promised accounted for under the series guidance, and (iii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue for the amount at which the Company has the right to invoice for services performed. The Company’s revenues are earned from customers located only in the U.S. After the initial term, contracts are cancellable by the customer at their discretion with a 30 to 90-day notice. The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps: ● Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer; ● Identification of the performance obligations in the contract; ● Determination of the transaction price; ● Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and ● Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. Except for two U.S. state sales tax jurisdictions, applicable taxes, including local, sales, value added tax, etc., are the responsibility of the customer to self-assess and remit to proper tax authorities. Revenue is recognized net of any sales taxes. Costs Capitalized to Obtain Revenue Contracts Sales commissions earned by the Company’s sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Sales commissions for new revenue contracts are capitalized and then amortized on a systematic basis over an estimated period of benefit that the Company determined to be between the range of 12 to 24 months. The period of benefit was determined by taking into consideration the Company’s customer contracts, technology, customer life, and other factors. The Company periodically evaluates whether there have been any changes in its business, market conditions, or other events which would indicate that its amortization period should be changed, or if there are potential indicators of impairment. The current portion of capitalized sales commissions are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and the non-current portion is included in deposits and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Amortization expense is included in sales and marketing expenses on the consolidated statements of operations. Contract Balances and Accounts Receivable Changes in the contract liability deferred revenue account were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021: Years Ended (in thousands) 2022 2021 Balance, beginning of year $ 6,238 $ 5,439 Deferral of revenue $ 31,949 22,964 Recognition of unearned revenue $ (30,933 ) (22,165 ) Balance, end of year $ 7,254 $ 6,238 Accounts receivable, net from customers was $6.4 million and $7.2 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Deferred revenues consist of billings or payments received in advance of revenue recognized for the Company’s services, as described above, and are recognized as revenue as earned. The company has an unconditional right to payment under a non-cancellable contract before it transfers services to its customer. Customer Deposits Customer deposits consist of deposits received by the Company, as required on certain contracts and agreements, which are refundable at the termination of the contract. Cost of Revenues The Company’s cost of revenues consists primarily of salaries and related expenses, overhead, contract labor and third-party services from medical documentation specialist vendors, depreciation expense related to hardware equipment, and information technology costs incurred directly in the Company’s revenue-generating activities. Stock-Based Compensation The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all stock options awarded to employees and nonemployees based on the estimated fair value of the award on the grant date. The fair value of each option award is estimated using either a Black-Scholes option-pricing model or a Monte Carlo simulation, to the extent market conditions exist. The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the award. For awards with performance conditions, the Company recognizes compensation expense once the performance condition is probable of being achieved. The Company accounts for forfeitures of stock options as they occur. Estimating the fair market value of options requires the input of subjective assumptions, including the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock prior to the Merger (Note 1), the expected life of the options, stock price volatility, the risk-free interest rate, expected dividends, and the probability of satisfying the market condition for market-condition based awards. The assumptions used in the valuation models represent management’s best estimates and involve a number of variables, uncertainties and assumptions and the application of management’s judgment, as they are inherently subjective. Research and Development Costs Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of personnel-related expenses, licensing costs and other direct expenses. Advertising Costs All advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included in sales and marketing expenses. In April 2021, the Company issued 120,000 shares of common stock with a fair value of $0.6 million to a service provider as payment for advertising services to be performed over a one-year period. As of December 31, 2022, the $0.6 million has been fully amortized and no remaining unamortized advertising costs are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2021, the remaining unamortized advertising costs of $0.2 million are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Advertising costs incurred by the Company are in the sales and marketing expense on the consolidated statements of operations and were $0.8 million and $0.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Comprehensive Loss The Company reports comprehensive loss, which includes the Company’s net loss as well as changes in equity from non-stockholder sources, as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. In the Company’s case, the changes in equity included in comprehensive loss are the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method as required by FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes FASB ASC Subtopic 740-10, Accounting for Uncertainty of Income Taxes Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted net loss per common stock includes the effect, if any, from the potential exercise or conversion of securities, such as options and warrants which would result in the issuance of incremental common stock. In computing basic and diluted net loss per share, the weighted average number of shares is the same for both calculations due to the fact that a net loss existed for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The following potentially dilutive securities have been excluded from the computation of diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding, as they would be anti-dilutive: December 31, 2022 2021 Common stock warrants 2,801,703 2,753,408 Stock options 8,234,823 6,583,381 Restricted stock units 263,155 - 11,299,681 9,336,789 Correction of Immaterial Error Related to Prior Periods In the third quarter of 2022, the Company identified an error related to its accounting for sales commissions whereby the Company should have amortized sales commissions for new revenue contracts over the estimated period of benefit which is between the range of 12 to 24 months. As a result of the error, costs capitalized to obtain revenue contracts was understated by $0.3 million and noncurrent costs capitalized to obtain revenue contracts was understated by $0.1 million at December 31, 2021. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, sales and marketing expenses were overstated by $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, sales and marketing expenses were overstated by $0.1 million for both periods. For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and the three months ended March 31, 2022, sales and marketing expenses were overstated by $0.1 million and understated by $0.1 million, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2021, sales and marketing expenses were overstated by $0.1 million. The remaining periods were overstated by nominal amounts. The Company reviewed the impact of this error on the prior periods in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 1M, “Materiality,” and determined that the error was not material to prior periods. However, the Company has corrected the consolidated balance sheet, as of December 31, 2021, by increasing costs capitalized to obtain revenue contracts by $0.3 million, which is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and increasing noncurrent costs capitalized to obtain revenue contracts by $0.1 million, which is included in deposits and other assets. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In February 2016, the FASB issued ASC Topic 842, Leases In May 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options. The amendments in ASU 2021-04 provide guidance to clarify and reduce diversity in an entity’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (for example, warrants) that remain equity classified after modification or exchange. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2022, and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements upon adoption. In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic ASC 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance (“Topic 832”). This standard requires disclosures about transactions with a government that have been accounted for by analogizing to a grant or contribution accounting model to increase transparency about the types of transactions, the accounting for the transactions, and the effect of the transactions on an entity’s financial statements. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2022, and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements upon adoption. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, which requires financial assets measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company will be adopting this standard on January 1, 2023 and does not expect the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on its financial statements. In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity |