10x Genomics (TXG) 10-K 26 Feb 21 2020 FY Annual report Financial data

Cover Page

Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Billions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Entity Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2020
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-39035
Entity Registrant Name	10x Genomics, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	45-5614458
Entity Address, Address Line One	6230 Stoneridge Mall Road
Entity Address, City or Town	Pleasanton
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	94588
City Area Code	(925)
Local Phone Number	401-7300
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A common stock, par value $0.00001 per share
Trading Symbol	TXG
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 7.3
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement relating to the registrant’s 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. Such Definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Entity Central Index Key	0001770787
Common Class A
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		86,071,237
Common Class B
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		22,681,465

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 663,603	$ 424,166
Restricted cash	16,567	0
Accounts receivable, net	51,208	33,371
Inventory	29,959	15,270
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	13,029	8,033
Total current assets	774,366	480,840
Property and equipment, net	72,840	48,821
Restricted cash	8,474	52,327
Operating lease right-of-use assets	46,983
Other assets	26,678	23,935
Total assets	929,341	605,923
Current liabilities:
Accrued contingent liabilities	44,173	0
Accounts payable	4,709	13,028
Accrued compensation and related benefits	15,383	12,394
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	43,453	24,448
Term loans, current portion	0	9,882
Deferred revenue, current	4,472	3,297
Operating lease liabilities	5,936
Total current liabilities	118,126	63,049
Term loans, noncurrent portion	0	19,837
Accrued contingent liabilities	0	68,658
Accrued license fee, noncurrent	11,171	16,251
Deferred rent, noncurrent		16,120
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	57,042
Other noncurrent liabilities	3,930	1,925
Total liabilities	190,269	185,840
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.00001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019	0	0
Common stock, $0.00001 par value; 1,100,000,000 shares authorized, 108,485,909 and 96,241,596 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and 2019	2	2
Additional paid-in capital	1,544,218	682,494
Accumulated deficit	(805,098)	(262,367)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(50)	(46)
Total stockholders’ equity	739,072	420,083
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 929,341	$ 605,923

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred Stock, Par Value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Preferred Stock, Shares Issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common Stock, Par Value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	1,100,000,000	1,100,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Issued (in shares)	108,485,909	96,241,596
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding (in shares)	108,485,909	96,241,596

Consolidated Statements of Oper

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 298,845	$ 245,893	$ 146,313
Cost of revenue	58,468	61,033	28,661
Gross profit	240,377	184,860	117,652
Operating expenses:
Research and development	123,375	83,097	47,537
In-process research and development	447,548	0	62,363
Selling, general and administrative	202,326	130,834	87,936
Accrued contingent liabilities	1,270	1,502	30,580
Total operating expenses	774,519	215,433	228,416
Loss from operations	(534,142)	(30,573)	(110,764)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	1,532	2,805	1,024
Interest expense	(1,682)	(3,079)	(2,409)
Other income (expense), net	1,337	(186)	(249)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(1,521)	0	0
Total other expense	(334)	(460)	(1,634)
Loss before provision for income taxes	(534,476)	(31,033)	(112,398)
Provision for income taxes	8,255	218	87
Net loss	(542,731)	(31,251)	(112,485)
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(4)	(9)	(22)
Comprehensive loss	$ (542,735)	$ (31,260)	$ (112,507)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (5.37)	$ (0.80)	$ (8.40)
Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per share, basic and diluted (in shares)	101,151,675	39,091,366	13,392,273

Consolidated Statements of Conv

Consolidated Statements of Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Convertible Preferred Stock	Series D convertible preferred stock	Series D1 convertible preferred stock	Common Class A	Common Class ACommon Stock	Common Class AAdditional Paid-in Capital	Common Class B	Common Class BCommon Stock	Common Class BAdditional Paid-in Capital
Beginning balance of temporary equity (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017						59,730,213
Beginning balance of temporary equity at Dec. 31, 2017						$ 158,414
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of convertible preferred stock, net of issuance costs (in shares)							5,224,658	2,749,407
Issuance of convertible preferred stock, net of issuance costs							$ 49,878	$ 34,952
Ending balance of temporary equity (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018						67,704,278
Ending balance of temporary equity at Dec. 31, 2018						$ 243,244
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		12,883,930
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ (112,509)	$ 1	$ 6,136	$ (118,631)	$ (15)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of options (in shares)										1,508,762
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of options									$ 1,173		$ 1,173
Issuance of Class A common stock for in-process research and development (in shares)										157,109
Issuance of Class A common stock for in-process research and development									792		792
Vesting of shares subject to repurchase, including early exercised options	256		256
Issuance of warrants to purchase Class A common stock									150		150
Stock-based compensation	2,658		2,658
Net loss	(112,485)			(112,485)
Other comprehensive loss	(22)				(22)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		14,549,801
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2018	(219,987)	$ 1	11,165	(231,116)	(37)
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
Conversion of convertible preferred stock into Class B common stock (in shares)												(67,704,278)
Conversion of convertible preferred stock into Class B common stock												$ (243,244)
Ending balance of temporary equity (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019						0
Ending balance of temporary equity at Dec. 31, 2019						$ 0
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of options (in shares)										2,226,493
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of options									3,435		3,435
Conversion of convertible preferred stock into Class B common stock (in shares)													67,704,278
Conversion of convertible preferred stock into Class B common stock												$ 243,244	$ 1	$ 243,243
Issuance of Class A common stock upon initial public offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)										11,500,000
Issuance of Class A common stock upon initial public offering, net of issuance costs									410,824		410,824
Issuance of Class A common stock for in-process research and development (in shares)										261,024
Vesting of shares subject to repurchase, including early exercised options	494		494
Stock-based compensation	13,333		13,333
Net loss	(31,251)			(31,251)
Other comprehensive loss	(9)				(9)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019		96,241,596
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2019	420,083	$ 2	682,494	(262,367)	(46)
Ending balance of temporary equity (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020						0
Ending balance of temporary equity at Dec. 31, 2020						$ 0
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of Class A common stock related to equity awards (in shares)										5,742,931
Issuance of Class A common stock related to equity awards									23,743		23,743
Issuance of Class A common stock upon initial public offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)										4,600,000
Issuance of Class A common stock upon initial public offering, net of issuance costs									482,267		482,267
Issuance of Class A common stock for asset acquisition (in shares)										1,901,382
Issuance of Class A common stock for asset acquisition									$ 306,000		$ 306,000
Vesting of shares subject to repurchase, including early exercised options	247		247
Stock-based compensation	49,467		49,467
Net loss	(542,731)			(542,731)
Other comprehensive loss	(4)				(4)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020		108,485,909
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 739,072	$ 2	$ 1,544,218	$ (805,098)	$ (50)

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Operating activities:
Net loss	$ (542,731)	$ (31,251)	$ (112,485)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	14,012	7,066	3,905
Stock-based compensation	48,626	13,333	2,658
Amortization of right-of-use assets	5,009	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	1,521	0	0
Class A common stock issued for in-process research and development	306,000	0	792
Loss on disposal of property and equipment	29	614	251
Accretion of discount on term loan	17	101	455
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(17,847)	(5,284)	(14,747)
Inventory	(14,601)	(6,699)	(3,732)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(5,265)	(3,535)	(2,429)
Other assets	(2,686)	(251)	(999)
Accounts payable	(7,770)	4,901	2,587
Accrued compensation and other related benefits	2,936	5,292	2,600
Deferred revenue	2,023	634	1,673
Accrued contingent liabilities	(24,485)	30,658	38,000
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	25,917	5,771	1,701
Deferred rent, noncurrent	0	12,730	3,328
Operating lease liability	(4,832)	0	0
Other noncurrent liabilities	(3,771)	547	33
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	(217,898)	34,627	(76,409)
Investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(36,666)	(42,742)	(6,284)
Acquisition of intangible assets	(1,728)	(25)	(425)
Net cash used in investing activities	(38,394)	(42,767)	(6,709)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from term loans	0	0	19,512
Payments on term loans	(31,256)	0	(704)
Proceeds from borrowings under revolver	0	11,000	0
Payments on borrowings under revolver	0	(11,000)	0
Payments on financing arrangement	(5,848)	0	0
Payments on capital lease obligations	0	0	(69)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon initial and follow-on public offerings, net of issuance costs	482,267	410,824	0
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance costs	0	0	84,830
Issuance of common stock from exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan purchases	23,743	3,766	1,798
Net cash provided by financing activities	468,906	414,590	105,367
Effect of exchange rates on changes in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(463)	(45)	(18)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	212,151	406,405	22,231
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year	476,493	70,088	47,857
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of year	688,644	476,493	70,088
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	1,670	2,250	1,824
Cash paid for taxes	280	22	6
Noncash investing and financing activities
Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities	2,983	4,492	2,260
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	13,562	0	0
Conversion of convertible preferred stock into common stock upon initial public offering	0	243,244	0
Purchase of technology licenses under financing arrangement	$ 0	$ 22,099	$ 0

Description of Business and Bas

Description of Business and Basis of Presentation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Description of Business and Basis of Presentation	Description of Business and Basis of Presentation Organization and Description of Business 10x Genomics, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Delaware on July 2, 2012 and is a life sciences technology company focused on building innovative products and solutions to interrogate, understand and master biological systems at resolution and scale that matches the complexity of biology. The Company’s integrated solutions include the Company’s Chromium and Chromium Connect instruments, which the Company refers to as “instruments,” and the Company’s proprietary microfluidic chips, slides, reagents and other consumables for both the Company’s Visium and Chromium solutions, which the Company refers to as “consumables.” The Company bundles its software with these products to guide customers through the workflow, from sample preparation through analysis and visualization. The Company began commercial and manufacturing operations and selling its instruments and consumables in 2015. The Company is headquartered in Pleasanton, California and has wholly-owned subsidiaries in China, Germany, Netherlands, Singapore, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Initial Public Offering The Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 related to its initial public offering (“IPO”) was declared effective on September 11, 2019 by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and the Company’s Class A common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on September 12, 2019. On September 16, 2019, the Company completed its IPO, in which the Company sold 11,500,000 shares of Class A common stock (which included 1,500,000 shares that were offered and sold pursuant to the full exercise of the IPO underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares) at a price to the public of $39.00 per share. Including the option exercise, the Company received aggregate net proceeds of $410.8 million after deducting offering costs, underwriting discounts and commissions of $37.7 million. Follow-on Public Offering The Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 related to its follow-on public offering was declared effective by the SEC on September 10, 2020. The Company sold 4,600,000 shares of Class A common stock (which included 600,000 shares that were offered and sold pursuant to the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares) at a price to the public of $110.00 per share. Including the option exercise, the Company received aggregate net proceeds of $482.3 million after deducting offering costs, underwriting discounts and commissions of $23.8 million. Basis of Presentation

Summary of Significant Accounti

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, disclosure of contingent liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenue and expense. These judgments, estimates and assumptions are used for, but not limited to, revenue recognition, inventory valuation and write-downs, loss contingencies, accounting for assets acquisitions and the valuation of stock-based compensation awards. The Company bases its estimates on various factors and information, which may include, but are not limited to, history and prior experience, the Company’s forecasts and future plans, current economic conditions and information from third-party professionals that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities and recorded amounts of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. To the extent there are material differences between the Company’s estimates and the actual results, the Company’s future consolidated results of operation may be affected. The inputs into our judgments and estimates consider the economic implications of COVID-19 on our critical and significant accounting estimates. Segment Information The Company operates as a single operating segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker, its Chief Executive Officer, manages the Company’s operations on a consolidated basis for the purposes of allocating resources, making operating decisions and evaluating financial performance. Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist primarily of amounts invested in money market funds and are stated at fair value. Short-term restricted cash of $16.6 million is primarily comprised of $16.0 million cash on deposit with a financial institution in connection with the issuance of a bond related to The 2015 Delaware Action (see “—Commitments and Contingencies” below) and $0.5 million related to the letter of credit classified as noncurrent restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets based on the term of the underlying lease. Long-term restricted cash mainly represents $8.5 million of cash on deposit with a financial institution as security for letters of credit outstanding for the benefit of the landlord related to the Company’s non-cancelable operating lease for its corporate headquarters (see “—Commitments and Contingencies” below). The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Cash and cash equivalents $ 663,603 $ 424,166 $ 65,080 Restricted cash 25,041 52,327 5,008 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 688,644 $ 476,493 $ 70,088 Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company determines the fair value of an asset or liability based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The identification of market participant assumptions provides a basis for determining what inputs are to be used for pricing each asset or liability. A fair value hierarchy has been established which gives precedence to fair value measurements calculated using observable inputs over those using unobservable inputs. This hierarchy prioritized the inputs into three broad levels as follows: Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments Level 2: Other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments) Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs (including assumptions in determining the fair value of certain investments) Money market funds are highly liquid investments which are actively traded. The pricing information for the Company’s money market funds are readily available and can be independently validated as of the measurement date. This approach results in the classification of these securities as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers between Levels 1, 2 or 3 for any of the periods presented. As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company held $600.9 million and $398.5 million in money market funds, respectively, with no unrealized gains or losses. Accounts Receivable, Net Accounts receivable consist of amounts due from customers for the sales of products and services. The Company reviews its accounts receivable and provides allowances of specific amounts if collectability is no longer reasonably assured based on historical experience and specific customer collection issues. There was no allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Business Concentrations The Company’s instruments are mostly assembled and tested by a single contract manufacturer in Asia and the United States. The Company’s agreement with the contract manufacturers contains purchase commitments. In addition, the Company is reliant on several suppliers for key components for its reagent kits. A significant disruption in the operations of the contract manufacturers or suppliers may impact the production of the Company’s products for a substantial period of time, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations, which may be partially mitigated by the contract manufacturer's ability to relocate operations from Asia location to United States. Concentrations Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are primarily held with a large financial institution in the United States and deposits exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s insurance limit. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the risks associated with its investments and the relative credit standing of this financial institution. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. The Company does not require collateral from its customers but may require upfront payments from certain customers. The Company has not experienced significant credit losses to date. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, no single customer represented more than 10% of revenue. As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, no single customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s outstanding accounts receivable. Substantially all the Company’s long-lived assets are located in the United States. Inventory Inventory is recorded at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or net realizable value. The Company uses judgment to analyze and determine if the composition of its inventory is obsolete, slow-moving or unsalable and frequently reviews such determinations. The Company writes down specifically identified unusable, obsolete, slow-moving or known unsalable inventory in the period that it is first recognized by using a number of factors including product expiration dates, open and unfulfilled orders and sales forecasts. Any write-down of its inventory to net realizable value establishes a new cost basis and will be maintained even if certain circumstances suggest that the inventory is recoverable in subsequent periods. Costs associated with the write-down of inventory are recorded to cost of revenue on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception by assessing whether the arrangement contains an identified asset and whether it has the right to control the identified asset. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of future lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets are based on the measurement of the lease liability and also include any lease payments made prior to or on lease commencement and exclude lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred, as applicable. As the implicit rate in the Company’s leases is generally unknown, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of future lease payments. The Company gives consideration to its credit risk, term of the lease and total lease payments and adjusts for the impacts of collateral, as necessary, when calculating its incremental borrowing rates. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when the Company is reasonably certain it will exercise such options. Lease costs for the Company’s operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis within operating expenses and costs of goods sold over the reasonably assured lease term. The Company has elected to not separate lease and non-lease components for any leases within its existing classes of assets and, as a result, accounts for any lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. The Company has also elected to not apply the recognition requirement to any leases within its existing classes of assets with a term of 12 months or less. Internal-Use Software The Company capitalizes costs incurred to develop internal-use software within fixed assets and commencing from the first quarter of 2020, began capitalizing costs to develop hosting arrangements within other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation and post implementation stages of the project are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application development stage of the project are capitalized. These costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset. Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the following assets: Useful Life (Years) Laboratory equipment and machinery 3 - 5 Computer equipment 2 - 3 Furniture and fixtures 3 Leasehold improvements 1 - 10 Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company evaluates long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. If indicators of impairment exist and the undiscounted future cash flows that the assets are expected to generate are less than the carrying value of the assets, the Company reduces the carrying amount of the assets to their estimated fair values based on a discounted cash flow approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. There were no impairment losses recorded for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. Product Warranties The Company generally provides a one-year warranty on its instruments. The Company reviews its exposure to estimated warranty obligations associated with instrument sales and establishes an accrual based on historical product failure rates and actual warranty costs incurred. This expense is recorded as a component of cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Deferred Revenue Deferred revenue consists of payments received in advance of revenue recognition primarily related to instrument service agreements, also referred to as extended warranties. Revenue under these agreements is recognized over the related service period. Deferred revenue expected to be recognized during the 12 months following the balance sheet date is recorded as current portion of deferred revenue and the remaining portion is recorded as long-term. Accrued Contingent Liabilities Accrued contingent liabilities represents the Company’s estimates of possible losses on pending litigation, including related accrued royalties that are both probable and reasonably estimable. See Note 7. Revenue Recognition The Company generates revenue from sales of products and services. The Company’s products consist of instruments and consumables. The Company began shipping its Chromium Connect instrument during the first quarter of 2020. Commencing on January 1, 2019, the Company recognized revenues in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company recognizes revenue when control of the products and services is transferred to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive from its customers in exchange for those products and services. This process involves identifying the contract with a customer, determining the performance obligations in the contract, determining the contract price, allocating the contract price to the distinct performance obligations in the contract and recognizing revenue when the performance obligations have been satisfied. A performance obligation is considered distinct from other obligations in a contract when it provides a benefit to the customer either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and is separately identified in the contract. The Company considers a performance obligation satisfied once it has transferred control of a good or service to the customer, meaning the customer has the ability to use and obtain the benefit of the good or service. Revenue from product sales is recognized when control of the product is transferred, which is generally upon shipment to the customer. In instances where right of payment or transfer of title is contingent upon the customer’s acceptance of the product, revenue is deferred until all acceptance criteria have been met. Instrument service agreements, which relate to extended warranties, are typically entered into for one-year terms, following the expiration of the standard one-year warranty period. Revenue for extended warranties is recognized ratably over the term of the extended warranty period as a stand ready performance obligation. Revenue is recorded net of discounts, distributor commissions and sales taxes collected on behalf of governmental authorities. Customers are invoiced generally upon shipment, or upon order for services, and payment is typically due within 45 days. Cash received from customers in advance of product shipment or providing services is recorded as a contract liability. The Company’s contracts with its customers generally do not include rights of return or a significant financing component. The Company regularly enters into contracts that include various combinations of products and services which are generally distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation in proportion to its standalone selling price. The Company determines standalone selling price using average selling prices with consideration of current market conditions. If the product or service has no history of sales or if the sales volume is not sufficient, the Company relies upon prices set by management, adjusted for applicable discounts. Cost of Revenue Costs of revenue primarily consist of manufacturing costs incurred in the production process, including personnel and related costs, component materials, labor and overhead, packaging and delivery costs and allocated costs including facilities and information technology. In addition, costs of product revenue includes royalty costs for licensed technologies included in the Company’s products, warranty costs and provisions for slow-moving and obsolete inventory. In addition, beginning in November 2018, cost of revenue includes estimated accrued royalties related to the Bio-Rad litigation. See Note 7. Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling charged to customers are recorded as revenue. Shipping and handling costs are included in the Company’s cost of revenue. Research and Development Research and development costs are expensed in the period incurred. Research and development expense consists of personnel and related costs, independent contractor costs, laboratory supplies, equipment maintenance, prototype and materials expenses, amortization of developed technology and intangibles and allocated costs including facilities and information technology. See Note 3 for discussion of in-process research and development included on the consolidated statements of operations. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. The Company incurred advertising costs of $1.9 million, $1.5 million, and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation The Company’s stock-based compensation relates to stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and stock purchase rights under an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). Stock-based compensation expense for its stock-based awards are based on their grant date fair value. The Company determines the fair value of RSUs based on the closing price of its stock, which is listed on Nasdaq, at the date of the grant. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards granted to employees and directors on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of stock option awards is recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in which the awards are expected to vest and forfeitures are recognized as they occur. The Black-Scholes model considers several variables and assumptions in estimating the fair value of stock-based awards. These variables include the per share fair value of the underlying common stock, exercise price, expected term, risk-free interest rate, expected annual dividend yield and the expected stock price volatility over the expected term. For all stock options granted, the Company calculated the expected term using the simplified method for “plain vanilla” stock option awards. The Company had no publicly available stock price information prior to its IPO and limited publicly available stock price information subsequent to its IPO and therefore, the Company has used the historical volatility of the stock price of similar publicly traded peer companies. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues similar in duration to the expected term of the equity-settled award. Stock-based compensation expense for nonemployee stock options is measured based on fair market value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and is recorded as the options vest. Prior to January 1, 2019, nonemployee stock options subject to vesting were revalued periodically over the requisite service period, which was generally the same as the vesting term of the award. From January 1, 2019, the grant date fair market value of nonemployee stock options is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period and forfeitures are recognized as they occur. Foreign Currency For foreign subsidiaries where the functional currency is the local currency, assets and liabilities are translated to the U.S. dollar using month-end exchange rates, and revenue and expenses using average exchange rates. The adjustments resulting from these foreign currency translations are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss. For entities where the functional currency is the U.S. dollar, monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dates and non-monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured at historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are remeasured at the average exchange rates for the period. Gains or losses from foreign currency remeasurement are included in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company recognized foreign currency transaction gains of $1.3 million and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and foreign currency transaction losses of $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Income Taxes The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, in which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company’s tax positions are subject to income tax audits. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, based on the technical merits. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is more likely than not (greater than 50% likely) to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its tax provision. The Company calculates the current and deferred income tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that could differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed in subsequent years. Adjustments based on filed income tax returns are recorded when identified. The amount of income tax paid is subject to examination by U.S. federal and state tax authorities. The estimate of the potential outcome of any uncertain tax issue is subject to management’s assessment of the relevant risks, facts and circumstances existing at that time. To the extent the assessment of such tax position changes, the change in estimate is recorded in the period in which the determination is made. Net Loss Per Share Net loss per share is computed using the two-class method required for multiple classes of common stock and participating securities. The rights, including the liquidation and dividend rights and sharing of losses, of the Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, other than voting rights. As the liquidation and dividend rights and sharing of losses are identical, the undistributed earnings are allocated on a proportionate basis and the resulting net loss per share will, therefore, be the same for both Class A and Class B common stock on an individual or combined basis. The Company’s participating securities included the Company’s convertible preferred stock, as the holders would have been entitled to receive noncumulative dividends on a pari passu basis in the event that a dividend was paid on common stock. The Company also considers any shares issued on the early exercise of stock options subject to repurchase to be participating securities because holders of such shares have non-forfeitable dividend rights in the event a dividend is paid on common stock. The holders of convertible preferred stock, as well as the holders of early exercised shares subject to repurchase, do not have a contractual obligation to share in losses. Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, adjusted for outstanding shares that are subject to repurchase. For the calculation of diluted net loss per share, basic net loss per share is adjusted by the effect of dilutive securities, including convertible preferred stock, awards under the Company’s equity compensation plan and common stock warrants. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. For periods in which the Company reports net losses, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share because potentially dilutive shares of common stock are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive. Acquisitions The Company evaluates acquisitions of assets and other similar transactions to assess whether or not the transaction should be accounted for as a business combination or asset acquisition by first applying a screen to determine if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets. If the screen is met, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition. If the screen is not met, further determination is required as to whether or not the Company has acquired inputs and processes that have the ability to create outputs which would meet the requirements of a business in which case the transaction is accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date, and that the fair value of acquired intangibles be recorded on the balance sheet. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred. Any excess of the purchase price over the assigned fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. The Company accounts for an asset acquisition under ASC, Business Combinations Topic 805, Subtopic 50 , which requires the acquiring entity in an asset acquisition to recognize net assets based on the cost to the acquiring entity on a relative fair value basis, which includes transaction costs in addition to consideration given. Goodwill is not recognized in an asset acquisition; any excess consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired is allocated to the non-monetary identifiable assets based on relative fair values. In-process research and development expense is expensed as incurred provided there is no alternative future use. Contingent consideration payments in asset acquisitions are recognized when the contingency is resolved and the consideration is paid or becomes payable (unless the contingent consideration meets the definition of a derivative, in which case the amount becomes part of the basis in the asset acquired). Upon recognition of the contingent consideration payment, the amount is included in the cost of the acquired asset or group of assets. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842) . This standard requires substantially all leases to be recognized by lessees on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability, including leases currently accounted for as operating leases. On January 1, 2020, the Company early adopted Topic 842 using the optional transition method by recognizing a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as of that date. Results for the year ended December 31, 2020 are presented under the guidance in Topic 842. No prior period amounts were adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with previous lease guidance, ASC Topic 840 – Leases . The following table summarizes the impact of Topic 842 on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2020 (in thousands): December 31, Adjustments due to January 1, Assets: Operating lease right-of-use assets $ — $ 38,005 $ 38,005 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 8,033 (434) 7,599 Total assets $ 8,033 $ 37,571 $ 45,604 Liabilities: Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 24,448 $ (99) $ 24,349 Operating lease liabilities — 3,086 3,086 Deferred rent, noncurrent 16,120 (16,120) — Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent — 50,704 50,704 Total liabilities $ 40,568 $ 37,571 $ 78,139 The adjustments due to the adoption of Topic 842 related to the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities for the Company’s existing operating leases. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326) , which requires financial assets measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected and provides that credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities and accounts receivable should be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. The guidance was amended through various ASUs subsequent to ASU 2016-13. The Company calculates the allowance for credit losses as a percentage of the trade accounts receivable balance based on collection history and current economic trends that it expects will impact the level of credit losses over the life of its receivables. The allowance is re-evaluated on a regular basis and adjusted, as required. Trade accounts receivable are considered past due based on the contractual payment terms. Once a trade account receivable is deemed uncollectible, it is charged against this allowance. The Company early adopted this standard on a modified retrospective basis effective January 1, 2020. The adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-8, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , which expands the scope of ASC Topic 718 to provide guidance for share-based payment awards granted to a customer in conjunction with selling goods or services accounted for under Topic 606. The Company early adopted this standard on January 1, 2020, which did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal Use Software (Subtopic 350-40) – Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract , which aligns the accounting for implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the accounting for implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software under ASC 350-40, in order to determine which costs to capitalize and recognize as an asset and which costs to expense. The Company early adopted this standard on a prospective basis effective January 1, 2020. As a result of the adoption of this standard, during the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company capitalized $2.8 million of implementation costs for enterprise resource planning and related software, Oracle Cloud, which went live during the third quarter of 2020. These costs are recorded within other assets in the consolidated balance sheets and amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740) , which simplifies the accounting for income taxes, primarily by eliminating certain exceptions to ASC 740. This standard is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company early adopted this standard on a modified retrospective basis as of December 31, 2020 which did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Asset Acquisitions

Asset Acquisitions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Asset Acquisition [Abstract]
Asset Acquisitions	Asset Acquisitions On October 13, 2020, the Company purchased all of the outstanding shares of ReadCoor Inc. (“ReadCoor”), a privately held company based in Cambridge, MA, for $407.4 million, inclusive of $1.6 million of transaction costs and net of cash acquired of $9.2 million. The total purchase consideration comprised of $101.4 million in cash and $306.0 million in shares of the Company's common stock. The purchase agreement provided for the Company to issue 1,901,382 shares of the Company’s class A common stock which was based on a contractual value of $250.0 million divided by the ten-day weighted average price of the Company's common stock shortly prior to the acquisition. In determining the total purchase consideration paid for ReadCoor, these shares were valued at $306.0 million based on the fair value of the Company’s class A common stock on the acquisition date. ReadCoor is developing In Situ RNA analysis technology, consisting of a suite of proprietary reagents, which aims to enable researchers to visualize spatially resolved RNA expression profiles with sub-cellular resolution throughout fresh frozen or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition. In connection with this acquisition, the Company acquired an in-process research and development intangible asset of $406.9 million which did not have alternative future use and therefore was recognized as an expense and included as a component of in-process research and development in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company also acquired an intangible asset of $0.9 million related to assembled workforce which is included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The following table summarizes the value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands): Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed In-process research and development $ 406,911 Intangible asset 927 Other assets and liabilities, net (406) Total net assets acquired $ 407,432 On August 21, 2020, the Company purchased all of the outstanding shares of CartaNA AB (“CartaNA”), a privately held company based in Stockholm, Sweden, for $41.8 million, inclusive of $0.6 million of transaction costs and net of cash acquired of $1.5 million. CartaNA is developing In Situ RNA analysis technology, consisting of a suite of proprietary reagents, which aims to enable researchers to visualize spatially resolved RNA expression profiles with sub-cellular resolution throughout fresh frozen or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition. In connection with this acquisition, the Company acquired an in-process research and development intangible asset of $40.6 million which did not have alternative future use and therefore was recognized as an expense and included as a component of in-process research and development in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company also acquired $0.8 million in intangible assets related to customer relationships and assembled workforce which are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The following table summarizes the value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands): Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed In-process research and development $ 40,637 Intangible assets 801 Other assets and liabilities, net 348 Total net assets acquired $ 41,786 There were no acquisitions in 2019. In November 2018, the Company purchased all of the outstanding shares of Spatial Transcriptomics Holdings AB (“Spatial Transcriptomics”), for $38.6 million inclusive of acquisition costs of $0.5 million. The patents acquired in this transaction have enabled the Company to develop spatial products. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition. In connection with this acquisition, the Company acquired patents, trademarks and customer relationships. The patents acquired were allocated a value of $36.9 million. Accordingly, the Company recognized a charge of $36.9 million related to the transaction which is included as a component of in-process research and development on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company recognized a total of $0.4 million in intangible assets related to acquired trademarks and customer relationships which are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company must also make contingent payments to the sellers of Spatial Transcriptomics of a low double-digit percentage of revenue from certain spatial-related technology sales for the years ended December 31, 2019 through December 31, 2022, which are subject to continuing service requirements. Due to continuing service requirements pertaining to earn the contingent payments, the contingent payments have been deemed to be a compensation arrangement which will be accounted for if and when earned. The following table summarizes the value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands): Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed In-process research and development $ 36,899 Intangible assets 425 Other assets and liabilities 1,237 Total net assets acquired $ 38,561 In March 2018, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of Epinomics Inc. (“Epinomics”) for $22.2 million inclusive of acquisition costs of $0.3 million. Of this amount, $6.2 million was due upon close of the acquisition and $16.0 million was due upon the amendment and assignment of a license agreement with the Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University which occurred in August 2018. The technology licenses acquired in this transaction have enabled the Company to develop products for epigenetics research. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition. As the technology licenses acquired did not have alternative future use, the Company recognized charges of $22.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2018 related to this transaction which are included as a component of in-process research and development on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Other Financial Statement Infor

Other Financial Statement Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Other Financial Statement Information	Other Financial Statement Information Inventory Inventory was comprised of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Purchased materials $ 9,930 $ 6,436 Work in progress 9,312 3,996 Finished goods 10,717 4,838 Inventory $ 29,959 $ 15,270 Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Laboratory equipment and machinery $ 30,010 $ 22,400 Computer equipment 5,783 4,991 Furniture and fixtures 5,887 4,143 Leasehold improvements 42,068 33,936 Construction in progress 19,594 2,406 Total property and equipment 103,342 67,876 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (30,502) (19,055) Property and equipment, net $ 72,840 $ 48,821 Depreciation expense was $12.3 million, $6.7 million and $3.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Intangible Assets, Net Intangible assets, net, which are recorded within other assets in the consolidated balance sheets, consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Remaining Useful Life in Years Gross Accumulated Intangibles, Remaining Useful Life in Years Gross Accumulated Intangibles, Technology licenses 13.7 $ 22,504 $ (1,973) $ 20,531 14.7 $ 22,504 $ (440) $ 22,064 Customer relationships 3.9 805 (111) 694 5.9 204 (32) 172 Trademarks 0.9 204 (142) 62 1.9 204 (74) 130 Assembled workforce 4.8 1,128 (61) 1,067 — — — Total intangible assets, net $ 24,641 $ (2,287) $ 22,354 $ 22,912 $ (546) $ 22,366 The estimated annual amortization of intangible assets for the next five years is shown below (in thousands): Estimated 2021 $ 2,000 2022 1,939 2023 1,908 2024 1,828 2025 1,664 Thereafter 13,015 Total $ 22,354 Actual amortization expense to be reported in future periods could differ from these estimates as a result of acquisitions, divestitures and asset impairments, among other factors. Accrued Compensation and Related Benefits Accrued compensation and related benefits were comprised of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Accrued payroll and related costs $ 2,506 $ 470 Employee stock purchase program liability 1,258 1,862 Accrued bonus 5,058 6,154 Accrued commissions 3,038 2,473 Accrued acquisition-related compensation 2,213 818 Accrued vacation 1,035 435 Other 275 182 Accrued compensation and related benefits $ 15,383 $ 12,394 Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities Accrued expenses and other current liabilities were comprised of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Accrued legal and related costs $ 5,704 $ 4,888 Accrued license fee 6,198 6,183 Accrued purchase consideration 4,146 — Accrued royalties for licensed technologies 3,160 2,025 Accrued property and equipment 2,983 3,885 Accrued professional services 3,137 1,380 Product warranties 399 467 Customer deposits 1,727 1,304 Taxes payable 8,649 1,087 Accrued lab supplies 1,506 534 Other 5,844 2,695 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 43,453 $ 24,448 Product Warranties Changes in the reserve for product warranties were as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Beginning of period $ 467 $ 804 Amounts charged to cost of revenue 796 741 Repairs and replacements (864) (1,078) End of period $ 399 $ 467 Revenue and Deferred Revenue As of December 31, 2020, the aggregate amount of remaining performance obligations related to separately sold extended warranty service agreements, or allocated amounts for extended warranty service agreements bundled with sales of Chromium instruments, was $6.2 million, of which approximately 73% is expected to be recognized to revenue in the next 12 months, with the remainder thereafter. As of December 31, 2020, the short-term portion was $4.5 million. Contract assets as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were not material. A summary of the change in contract liabilities is as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 January 1 $ 4,131 $ 3,497 Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the year (3,295) (2,250) Revenue deferred excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period 5,318 2,884 Balance as of December 31 $ 6,154 $ 4,131 The following table represents revenue by source for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Instruments $ 40,128 $ 34,945 $ 36,540 Consumables 252,685 206,878 107,616 Services 6,032 4,070 2,157 Total revenue $ 298,845 $ 245,893 $ 146,313 The following table presents revenue by geography based on the location of the customer for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 North America $ 159,332 $ 139,758 $ 85,132 Europe, Middle East and Africa 73,265 58,004 35,812 China 41,741 29,920 15,075 Asia-Pacific (1) 24,507 18,211 10,294 Total revenue $ 298,845 $ 245,893 $ 146,313 (1) Asia-Pacific excludes China which is disclosed separately. Revenue for the United States, which is included in North America in the table above, was 52% and 54% of consolidated revenue for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Debt

Debt	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Debt	Debt In September 2016, the Company entered into a Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement with Silicon Valley Bank (as amended and restated in February 2018 and as further amended, restated or supplemented from time to time, the “Loan and Security Agreement”), which included a term loan and revolving line of credit. On February 20, 2020, the Company prepaid the remaining balance of the term loan and all associated costs. The final payment of $30.5 million included $28.3 million for the outstanding principal balance of the term loan, $1.8 million for an end of term payment, $0.3 million for early termination fees and $0.1 million for interest. The prepayment resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $1.5 million. The non-accreted portion of the end of term payment, unamortized discounts and early termination fees were included in the calculation of the loss on extinguishment of debt. The revolving line of credit continued to be in effect until its termination at the election of the Company on June 18, 2020. Prior to its termination, the revolving line of credit provided the Company with credit of up to $25.0 million through December 2022. The amount available on the revolving line of credit was based on 80% of eligible receivables and was subject to a borrowing base calculation. Principal amounts outstanding under the revolving line of credit accrued interest at a floating per annum rate equal to the greater of The Wall Street Journal prime rate plus 0.25% or 4.5% and were repayable monthly. Upon termination of the revolving line of credit and the Loan and Security Agreement on June 18, 2020, the Company incurred termination fees of $0.3 million. As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were no balances outstanding under the revolving line of credit.

Income Tax

Income Tax	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Tax	Income Tax Loss before provision for income taxes were as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 United States $ (376,835) $ (35,675) International (157,641) 4,642 Total $ (534,476) $ (31,033) The provision for income taxes was $8.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, which related to foreign and state income taxes. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the provision for income taxes was $0.2 million. A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax provision to the effective income tax provision is as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Income tax provision at statutory rate $ (112,240) $ (6,517) State taxes, net (16,653) (2,958) Tax credits (9,453) (2,684) Foreign taxes 41,253 101 Stock-based compensation (52,070) 1,032 Change in valuation allowance 99,034 10,783 Acquisition related expenses 93,407 116 Impact of change in tax status (34,731) — Other (292) 345 Total provision for income taxes $ 8,255 $ 218 Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences between amounts recorded for financial reporting purposes and amounts used for tax purposes. The major components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows as of the dates indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Deferred tax assets Net operating loss carryforwards $ 90,562 $ 28,878 Research and development tax credits 31,908 15,961 Accruals and reserves 14,392 23,804 Lease liability 14,192 — Intangibles 43,261 1,339 Stock-based compensation 6,601 1,427 Total deferred tax assets 200,916 71,409 Valuation allowance (186,853) (66,456) Net deferred tax assets $ 14,063 $ 4,953 Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Deferred tax liabilities Fixed assets $ (3,750) $ (4,946) Right-of-use assets (10,388) — Total deferred tax liabilities (14,138) (4,946) Net deferred taxes $ (75) $ 7 As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company maintained a full valuation allowance on its domestic net deferred tax assets. The domestic deferred tax assets predominantly relate to operating losses and tax credits. The domestic valuation allowance was estimated based on an assessment of both positive and negative evidence to determine whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets are recoverable. Such assessment is required on a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction basis. The Company’s history of cumulative losses, along with expected future U.S. losses, required that a full valuation allowance be recorded against all domestic net deferred tax assets. The Company intends to maintain a full valuation allowance on domestic net deferred tax assets until sufficient positive evidence exists to support a reversal of the valuation allowance. The valuation allowance increased by $120.4 million and by $10.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had federal NOL carryforwards of approximately $373.7 million and federal tax credit carryforwards of approximately $27.6 million. The federal NOL carryforwards generated during and after fiscal 2018 totaling $258.8 million are carried forward indefinitely, while all others, along with the federal tax credit carryforwards, expire in years beginning in 2032. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $188.5 million, which begin to expire in 2030. In addition, the Company had state tax credit carryforwards of approximately $20.9 million, which do not expire. The federal and state net operating losses and credit carryforwards are subject to change of ownership limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code and similar state provisions. In general, if the Company experiences a greater than 50 percentage point aggregate change in ownership over a 3-year period (a “Section 382 ownership change”), utilization of its pre-change NOL and credit carryforwards are subject to an annual limitation. The Company completed a study through December 31, 2020 and determined that a Section 382 ownership change occurred in 2013. As a result, the Company’s net operating losses generated through November 1, 2013 may be subject to limitation under Section 382 of the Code. The amount of pre-change loss carryforwards which may be subject to this limitation is $4.8 million. In addition certain attributes are subject to annual limitations as a result of the acquisition of ReadCoor, which constitutes a change in ownership as defined under Section 382. Such limitations may result in expiration of a portion of the carryforwards before utilization. The Company’s ability to use net operating loss carryforwards, research and development credit carryforwards and other tax attributes to reduce future taxable income and liabilities may be further limited as a result of future changes in stock ownership. As a result, if the Company earns net taxable income, its ability to use pre-change net operating loss carryforwards or other pre-change tax attributes to offset United States federal and state taxable income may still be subject to limitations, which could potentially result in increased future tax liability. The total balance of unrecognized gross tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 resulting primarily from research and development tax credits claimed on the Company’s annual tax returns were as follows (in thousands): 2020 2019 Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year $ 6,410 $ 4,169 Reductions based on prior year tax provisions (311) — Additions based on current year tax provisions 8,558 2,241 Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year $ 14,657 $ 6,410 The Company is subject to tax in the United States, various states and foreign jurisdictions. The United States, California and Sweden are considered as major jurisdictions. The Company has not been audited in such jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2020, its federal and state returns for the years ended 2012 through the current period are still open to examination. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. These amounts were not material. In addition, all of the net operating losses and research and development credit carry-forwards that may be used in future years are still subject to inquiry given that the statute of limitation for these items would begin in the year of utilization. The Company does not expect its unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly over the next 12 months. An immaterial amount of liability related to foreign uncertain tax positions has been recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. For U.S. uncertain tax positions, due to a full valuation allowance, such liabilities have been netted against deferred tax attribute carryovers. The Company maintained undistributed earnings overseas as of December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2020, the Company believed the funds held by all non-U.S. subsidiaries will be permanently reinvested outside of the U.S. However, if these funds were repatriated to the U.S. or used for U.S. operations the Company may be subject to withholding taxes in the foreign countries. As a result of tax reform, the Company’s unrepatriated earnings are no longer subject to federal income tax in the U.S. when distributed. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act created a new requirement that global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) earned by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries must be included in gross U.S. taxable income. While the Tax Act provides for a modified territorial tax system, beginning in 2018, GILTI provisions will be applied providing an incremental tax on low taxed foreign income. The GILTI provisions require the Company to include in its U.S. income tax return foreign subsidiary earnings in excess of an allowable return on the foreign subsidiary’s tangible assets. During 2018, the Company made an accounting policy election to treat taxes related to GILTI as a current period expense when incurred.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Indemnification From time to time, the Company has entered into indemnification provisions under certain agreements in the ordinary course of business, typically with business partners, customers and suppliers. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company may indemnify, hold harmless and agree to reimburse the indemnified parties on a case-by-case basis for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified parties in connection with any patent or other intellectual property infringement claim by any third party with respect to the Company’s products. The Company maintains product liability insurance coverage that would generally enable it to recover a portion of the amounts paid. The Company has also agreed to indemnify its directors and executive officers for costs associated with any fees, expenses, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by them in any action or proceeding to which any of them are, or are threatened to be, made a party by reason of their service as a director or officer (see “—Litigation” below). The Company also may be subject to indemnification obligations by law with respect to the actions of its employees under certain circumstances and in certain jurisdictions. Non-cancelable Purchase Commitments The Company’s contract manufacturer makes advance purchases of components based on the instrument unit forecasts and purchase orders placed by the Company. To the extent these components are purchased by the contract manufacturer on the Company’s behalf and cannot be used by their other customers, the Company is obligated to purchase these components. In addition, certain supplier agreements require that the Company to make minimum annual purchases under the agreements. As of December 31, 2020, the Company has commitments to make a total of $1.0 million in purchases over the next four years. To date, the Company has met the minimum purchase commitments. As of December 31, 2020, the Company has entered into non-cancelable arrangements for subscription software services under which the Company has an obligation to make payments aggregating to $10.2 million over the next five years. Intellectual Property Licensing In September 2020, the Company and the Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University ("Stanford") entered into a license agreement pursuant to which the Company was granted a license to certain intellectual property from Stanford relating to single cell profiling and tissue clarification. As the Company receives revenue related to products covered by these licenses, it is required to pay Stanford a low single-digit royalty percentage based on the net revenue of certain products during the applicable term of the licensed patents. In October 2019, as part of the 2019 Becton Dickinson Settlement and Patent Cross License Agreement with Becton, Dickinson and Company and Cellular Research, Inc. (“BD Entities”), the Company was granted a worldwide royalty-free, nonexclusive license to certain intellectual property from the BD Entities. The Company recognized $22.1 million in technology licenses as an intangible asset with a weighted average amortization period of 15 years. This license is classified within other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. See the discussion of the 2019 Becton Dickinson Settlement and Patent Cross License Agreement below. In November 2018, the Company and Prognosys Biosciences, Inc. (“Prognosys”) entered into a license agreement pursuant to which the Company was granted an exclusive license to certain intellectual property relating to spatial analysis from Prognosys. As part of the agreement, the Company fully expensed total purchase consideration of $3.3 million comprised of cash consideration and shares of the Company’s Class A common stock. In July 2018, the Company and Stanford entered into a license agreement pursuant to which the Company was granted an exclusive license to ATAC-seq. As the Company receives revenue related to products covered by these licenses, the Company is required to pay Stanford a low single-digit royalty percentage based on the net revenue of certain ATAC-seq products during the applicable term of the licensed patents. In September 2013, the Company and the President and Fellows of Harvard College (“Harvard”) entered into a license agreement pursuant to which the Company was granted a license to certain intellectual property from Harvard. The Company is required to pay Harvard a low single-digit royalty percentage based on the net revenue of certain products covered by certain licensed patents during their applicable term. The minimum commitments related to the Company's license arrangements aggregate to $26.5 million as of December 31, 2020 to be paid over the next 14 years. Lease Agreements The Company leases office, laboratory, manufacturing, distribution and server space with lease terms ranging from 1 to 10 years. These leases require monthly lease payments that may be subject to annual increases throughout the lease term. Certain of these leases also include renewal options at the election of the Company to renew or extend the lease. The Company evaluates renewal options at lease inception and on an ongoing basis, and includes renewal options that it is reasonably certain to exercise in its expected lease terms when classifying leases and measuring lease liabilities. The Company performed evaluations of these contracts and determined them to be operating leases. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company incurred $8.4 million of operating lease costs and $0.4 million of variable lease costs. The variable lease cost is comprised primarily of the Company’s proportionate share of operating expenses, property taxes and insurance and is classified as lease cost due to the Company’s election to not separate lease and non-lease components. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $7.1 million and was included in net cash used in operating activities in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company maintains a letter of credit for the benefit of the landlord related to the Company’s non-cancelable operating lease for its corporate headquarters in the amount of $4.0 million. The maturity of the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2020 is as follows (in thousands): Operating Leases 2021 $ 9,082 2022 9,363 2023 8,863 2024 8,083 2025 8,203 Thereafter 34,864 Total lease payments $ 78,458 Less: imputed interest (15,480) Present value of operating lease liabilities $ 62,978 Operating lease liabilities, current $ 5,936 Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent $ 57,042 The following table summarizes additional information related to operating leases as of December 31, 2020: Weighted-average remaining lease term: Operating leases 8.4 years Weighted-average discount rate: Operating leases 4.5 % The Company’s future undiscounted lease payments under operating leases (as defined by prior guidance) as of December 31, 2019 are as follow (in thousands): Rent Payments 2021 $ 6,247 2022 7,581 2023 6,794 2024 6,947 2025 7,064 Thereafter 38,346 Total minimum lease payments $ 72,979 On November 6, 2020, the Company entered into a lease agreement with 6200 Stoneridge Mall Road Investors LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, to lease additional office building space near the Company's Pleasanton, California headquarters. The Company intends to utilize the leased space of approximately 145,000 square feet to accommodate its future growth requirements. The lease term will commence on January 1, 2021 consisting of various lease components expected to commence on various dates between 2021 and 2023 and is expected to terminate on June 30, 2033 with total lease payments over the lease term expected to amount to approximately $60.8 million, net of a tenant improvement allowance of approximately $10.0 million to be received 2021. Upon lease commencement, the Company expects to recognize a right-of-use lease asset and corresponding lease liability in accordance with ASU No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842). The tables above for the year ended December 31, 2020 do not include payments, lease term, or discount rates relating to this lease as the lease term had not yet commenced as of that date. The Company will determine the classification for each lease component at the individual component's commencement date. All lease components are expected to be classified as operating leases. The total undiscounted lease payments for the leases commencing in fiscal years 2021, 2022 and 2023 will be nil, $2.0 million, and $4.6 million, respectively, with weighted-average expected lease terms of 12 years for 2021 and 2022, and 11 years for 2023. Estimated undiscounted lease payments relating to the 6200 Stoneridge Mall Road lease for fiscal years ending (in thousands): Lease payments for leases not yet commenced 2021 $ — 2022 2,014 2023 4,576 2024 6,020 2025 6,199 Thereafter 52,039 Total undiscounted lease payments $ 70,848 Purchase of Land On August 10, 2020, the Company entered into an Agreement for Purchase and Sale (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Equity One (West Coast Portfolio) LLC, a Florida limited liability company, for the potential acquisition of certain real property located in Pleasanton, California (the “Property”) for an aggregate cash purchase price of $29.4 million, subject to the completion of due diligence on the Property by the Company. On January 22, 2021, the Company closed on the Purchase Agreement and took possession of the real Property. The Company intends to utilize this site to accommodate its future growth requirements. Litigation The Company is regularly subject to lawsuits, claims, arbitration proceedings, administrative actions and other legal and regulatory proceedings involving intellectual property disputes, commercial disputes, competition and other matters, and the Company may become subject to additional types of lawsuits, claims, arbitration proceedings, administrative actions, government investigations and legal and regulatory proceedings in the future. Amongst other matters, the Company is currently a defendant in the lawsuits and proceedings described below. In these matters, the plaintiffs are seeking damages and injunctions of sales of the Company's products amongst other remedies. Other than with respect to the 2015 Delaware Action, losses are not probable or estimable for the lawsuits and proceedings described below. The 2015 Delaware Action In February 2015, Raindance Technologies, Inc. (“Raindance”) and the University of Chicago filed suit against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware (the “Delaware Court”), accusing the Company’s legacy GEM products of infringing certain U.S. patents owned by or exclusively licensed to Raindance (the “2015 Delaware Action”). In May 2017, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. (“Bio-Rad”) was substituted as the plaintiff following its acquisition of Raindance. A jury trial was held in November 2018. The jury found that the accused legacy GEM products infringed U.S. Patent Nos. 8,304,193, 8,329,407 and 8,889,083. The jury also concluded that the Company's infringement was willful and awarded Bio-Rad approximately $24 million in damages through June 30, 2018. The Company appealed the jury verdict. Post-trial, Bio-Rad moved for a permanent injunction, treble damages for willful infringement, attorneys’ fees, supplemental damages for the period from the second quarter of 2018 through the end of the trial as well as pre- and post-judgment interest. In response to the jury award, the Company established an accrual of $30.6 million as of December 31, 2018, which was recorded as an operating expense on the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018. Additionally, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company also began recording an accrual for estimated royalties to Bio-Rad as a cost of revenue on the consolidated statements of operations based on an estimated royalty rate of 15% of sales of the Company’s Chromium instruments operating its legacy GEM microfluidic chips and associated consumables. As a result, the Company recorded $7.4 million of royalties for the fourth quarter of 2018. As of December 31, 2018, the Company recorded a total accrual of $38.0 million related to this matter which represented the jury award plus the Company’s estimate of additional damages for the period from June 30, 2018 to the trial date in November 2018 and the royalties accrued in the fourth quarter of 2018. In July 2019, the Court awarded supplemental damages for the period from June 30, 2018 through the end of the trial in November 2018 and established the interest rates for pre-and post- judgment interest, which when combined with the original award, resulted in a $35 million preliminary judgment in favor of Bio-Rad for damages through November 2018 and interest. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 the Company recorded royalties of $9.5 million and $29.2 million, respectively, as a cost of revenue and an additional $1.3 million and $1.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, as an operating expense for estimated pre-and post- judgment interest. The Company’s accrual of $44.2 million as of December 31, 2020 includes estimates of additional royalties and interest for the period from November 2018 through December 31, 2020. The Company’s accrual of $68.7 million as of December 31, 2019 was comprised of the preliminary judgment, along with the Company’s estimate of additional royalties and interest for the period from November 2018 through December 31, 2019. In July 2019, the Court denied Bio-Rad’s other post-trial requests such as attorneys’ fees and enhanced damages for willful infringement. In July 2019, the Court also granted Bio-Rad a permanent injunction against the Company’s legacy GEM microfluidic chips and associated consumables that were found to infringe the Bio-Rad patents, which historically constituted a significant amount of the Company’s product sales. However, under the injunction, the Company is permitted to continue to sell its legacy GEM microfluidic chips and associated consumables for use with its historical installed base of instruments provided that the Company pay into escrow a royalty of 15% of the Company’s net revenue related to such sales occurring after August 28, 2019. The amounts will be held in escrow until after the conclusion of the Company’s Federal Circuit appeal and the Delaware Court addresses anticipated motions regarding post-judgment royalties. In August 2019, the Court ordered that the Company may post a bond in the amount of $52 million in lieu of payment of the final judgment. Bio-Rad subsequently asked the Court to increase the amount of the bond to approximately $61 million. The Company also asked the Court to reconsider its ruling and decrease the potential bond to approximately $35 million. On September 13, 2019, the Company posted a $52 million bond (the “Bond”) in lieu of payment of the judgment pending the Company’s ongoing appeal. In connection with the Bond, the Company has deposited $45 million as collateral in a segregated cash account. On October 10, 2019, the Court denied the Company’s motion to decrease the bond amount, and, without addressing Bio-Rad’s request to increase the bond amount, stayed any execution or enforcement of the judgment until the completion of appeal, and for thirty days thereafter. The Company appealed the Court's judgment including the injunction to the Federal Circuit. In August 2020, the Federal Circuit issued its opinion in the Company's appeal of the 2015 Delaware Action. The Federal Circuit (1) affirmed the judgment of the lower Court with respect to infringement of the '083 patent by the Company's legacy GEM products and (2) vacated the judgment with respect to infringement of the '193 and '407 patents, which are remanded to the lower Court for a new trial on infringement. The Federal Circuit affirmed the damages award including the 15% royalty with respect to the Company's legacy GEM products. The Federal Circuit vacated the injunction with respect to the Company's Single Cell CNV and Linked-Read products but affirmed the injunction with respect to the Company's other legacy GEM products. In October 2020, the Company filed a petition for en banc rehearing with the Federal Circuit. The Federal Circuit denied the Company's petition for en banc rehearing on November 4, 2020. The Company paid the $34.5 million judgment, plus approximately $0.8 million in post-judgment interest, to Bio-Rad on December 17, 2020. The case was remanded to the Delaware Court for a determination of post-judgment royalties or other amounts, which the Company expects to be made around the second half of 2021. The Company has accrued $44.2 million as of December 31, 2020 related to this matter which is classified within current liabilities in its consolidated balance sheets as of this date. Restricted cash of $16.0 million, classified within current assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 serves as collateral for a bond and royalties in connection with the Bio-Rad litigation and would be used to partially satisfy this payment. The ITC 1068 Action On July 31, 2017, Bio-Rad and Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC filed a complaint against the Company in the U.S. International Trade Commission (“ITC”) pursuant to Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, accusing substantially all of the Company’s Chromium products of infringing certain asserted patents (the “ITC 1068 Action”). In September 2018, the judge found that the Company’s legacy GEM microfluidic chips infringe certain of the asserted patents, but also that the Company’s gel bead manufacturing microfluidic chip and Next GEM microfluidic chip do not infringe any claim asserted against them (the “Initial Determination”). The judge recommended entry of an exclusion order preventing the Company from importing its legacy GEM microfluidic chips and a cease and desist order that would prevent the Company from selling such imported chips. On December 18, 2019, the ITC issued its final determination in the ITC 1068 Action (the “Final Determination”). The Final Determination affirmed the Initial Determination that the Company’s Next GEM microfluidic chips and gel bead manufacturing microfluidic chips do not infringe any of the claims asserted against them. The Final Determination also affirmed the ruling that the Company’s legacy GEM microfluidic chips infringe the ‘664, ‘682 and ‘635 patents but not the ‘160 patent. The ITC issued (1) a limited exclusion order prohibiting the unlicensed importation of the legacy GEM microfluidic chips into the United States and (2) a cease and desist order preventing the Company from selling such imported legacy GEM microfluidic chips in the United States. The ITC expressly allowed the importation and sale of the legacy GEM microfluidic chips for use by researchers who were using such chips as of December 18, 2019, and who have a documented need to continue receiving such chips for a specific current ongoing research project for which that need cannot be met by any alternative product. The Final Determination was subject to a 60-day presidential review period. During the presidential review period, the Company was permitted to continue importation and sales of the legacy GEM microfluidic chips subject to payment of a bond of three (3) percent of the entered value of the accused microfluidic chips. The Company and Bio-Rad have appealed the Final Determination to the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Bio-Rad has appealed the Final Determination with respect to non-infringement of the Company's gel bead manufacturing chips, but not with respect to non-infringement of the Company's Next GEM microfluidic chips. The Company has appealed the Final Determination with respect to infringement of the Company's legacy GEM microfluidic chips. Oral argument is scheduled on April 7, 2021. The Company expects a decision around the fourth quarter of 2021. The Northern District of California Action On July 31, 2017, Bio-Rad and Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC also filed suit against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, alleging that the Company’s legacy GEM products infringe certain patents in addition to the patents asserted in the ITC 1068 Action. The complaint seeks injunctive relief, unspecified monetary damages, costs and attorneys’ fees. This litigation has been stayed pending resolution of the Federal Circuit appeal of the ITC 1068 Action. In July 2020, Bio-Rad moved to lift the stay with respect to the '059 patent and consolidate the '059 patent with the '115 patent transferred from the District of Massachusetts which is being asserted against the Company's Next GEM products. In August 2020, the Court denied Bio-Rad's motion to lift the stay with respect to both the '059 and '115 patents. In October 2020, we filed two petitions for inter partes review (“IPR”) challenging the validity of the ‘115 patent. We expect the Patent Trials and Appeals Board (“PTAB”) to issue a decision on institution of these IPR petitions in the second quarter of 2021. The Company believes that this lawsuit is without merit and intends to vigorously defend itself. The Germany Action On July 31, 2017, Bio-Rad filed suit against the Company in Germany in the Munich Region Court alleging that the Company infringed a European patent. Bio-Rad dismissed this action in August 2018. On February 13, 2018, Bio-Rad filed suit against the Company in Germany in the Munich Region Court alleging that its Chromium instruments, legacy GEM microfluidic chips and certain accessories infringe a German utility model. Bio-Rad seeks unspecified damages and an injunction prohibiting sales of these products in Germany and requiring the Company to recall these products sold in Germany subsequent to February 11, 2018. An initial hearing was held on November 27, 2018, and a subsequent hearing was held on May 15, 2019. The Court issued a ruling on November 20, 2019. The Court ruled that the Company’s legacy GEM microfluidic chips, as well as certain Chromium instruments and accessories used with legacy GEM microfluidic chips, infringed the German Utility Model. The Court issued an injunction with respect to such legacy GEM microfluidic chips, Chromium instruments and accessories used with such systems, prohibiting among other things the sale of these products in Germany and the importation of such products into Germany. The Court found that the Company is obligated to compensate Bio-Rad for unspecified damages and required that these products be recalled from distribution channels in Germany. The Court further found that the Company has to bear the statutory costs of the legal dispute in a minimum amount of at least 61,000 Euros. The Company has accrued the 61,000 Euros for statutory costs in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. The Company is unable to estimate any additional potential exposure related to the matter beyond the statutory costs that have been accrued. The Court’s ruling did not address the Company’s Next GEM products, which were not accused in this action and which constitute substantially all of the Company’s Chromium sales in Germany. The Company appealed the Court’s ruling. On April 6, 2020, the Munich Higher Regional Court (the “Higher Court”) issued a ruling staying enforcement of the ruling of the lower Court, including the injunction, subject to the payment of a bond by the Company. The Higher Court found that the lower Court’s claim construction was not justifiable and that the facts did not provide a basis for a finding of infringement. On April 16, 2020, the Company paid a 2.8 million Euro bond to the Higher Court to completely stay enforcement of the ruling. The bond is refundable upon a favorable ruling on the merits by the Higher Court. The Company expects the Higher Court to rule on the merits in 2021. In August 2020, Bio-Rad filed its appeal response arguing for the first time that the Company's Next GEM microfluidic chips and certain accessories infringe the utility model. In its appeal response, Bio-Rad also attempted to add infringement allegations with respect to a new patent, European Patent No. 3 132 844, against the Company's Chromium instruments and Next GEM microfluidic chips. The Company believes it is procedurally improper to attempt to add these new claims at this stage, that the Company's Next GEM products are not covered by the lower court's judgment and are not admissible in the appeal, and that the newly asserted '844 patent is not admissible in the appeal. The Higher Court is not expected to rule on whether Next GEM products or the '844 patent are admissible in the appeal until 2021. The 2018 Delaware Action On October 25, 2018, Bio-Rad filed suit against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that substantially all of the Company’s Chromium products, including our legacy GEM products and Next GEM products, infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 9,562,837 and 9,896,722. Bio-Rad seeks injunctive relief, unspecified monetary damages, costs and attorneys’ fees. In October 2019, the Company filed four petitions for IPR challenging the validity of both asserted patents. On April 27, 2020, the PTAB instituted review on all four of these petitions. A final written decision is expected from the PTAB in April 2021. In June 2020, the Court completely stayed the District of Delaware litigation pending resolution of the IPRs before the PTAB. The Massachusetts Action On September 11, 2019, Bio-Rad filed suit against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that the Company’s Next GEM products infringe certain claims of U.S. Patent No. 8,871,444. On November 5, 2019, Bio-Rad amended the complaint to additionally allege that the Company’s Next GEM products infringe certain claims of U.S. Patent Nos. 9,919,277 and 10,190,115. The ‘444 and ‘277 patents are exclusively licensed by Bio-Rad from Harvard University, which subsequently joined the suit as a party plaintiff. Bio-Rad is seeking damages and an injunction against the Company's Next GEM products amongst other remedies. The ‘444 and ‘277 patents are projected to expire in October 2024. On December 18, 2019, Bio-Rad dismissed this action in the District of Delaware and refiled it in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts. The case was assigned to Judge William G. Young. On January 14, 2020, the Court consolidated this case with a separate action, Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc. et al. v. Stilla Technologies, Inc. (“Stilla”), in which Bio-Rad is asserting the ‘444 patent (among other patents) against Stilla’s droplet digital PCR product. On January 23, 2020, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the case and to transfer the ‘115 patent to the Northern District of California, where the related ‘059 patent is stayed. On January 24, 2020, the Company filed antitrust counterclaims against Bio-Rad alleging violations of (a) Section 7 of the Clayton Act, (b) Section 2 of the Sherman Act and (c) California unfair competition laws, for illegally acquiring Raindance and illegally monopolizing or attempting to monopolize markets relating to droplet digital PCR products, droplet single cell products and droplet genetic analysis technology. On February 19, 2020, Bio-Rad moved to dismiss, or alternatively to stay and sever, the Company’s antitrust claims. On February 5, 2020, the Company filed additional counterclaims against Bio-Rad alleging that Bio-Rad’s single cell ATAC-seq products infringe U.S. Patent No. 9,029,085 and 9,850,526 that are exclusively licensed to the Company from Harvard University. On February 26, 2020, Bio-Rad moved to sever and stay the patent counterclaims. On March 6, 2020, the Court denied the motion to stay and deferred the motion to sever until prior to trial. On March 25, 2020, the Court held a hearing with respect to (a) the Company’s motion to dismiss Bio-Rad’s patent claims, (b) the Company’s motion to transfer the ‘115 patent and (c) Bio-Rad’s motion to dismiss the Company’s antitrust counterclaims. On April 30, 2020, the Court denied the Company’s motion to dismiss with respect to Bio-Rad’s patent claims and granted the Company’s motion to transfer the ‘115 patent to the Northern District of California. In August 2020, the Court granted Bio-Rad’s motion to dismiss (i) the Company's Sherman Act and Clayton Act counterclaims with respect to droplet single cell products and (ii) the Company's Sherman Act counterclaims with respect to droplet genetic analysis technology. The Court denied Bio-Rad’s motion to dismiss (i) the Company's Clayton Act counterclaims with respect to droplet genetic analysis technology; (ii) the Company's Sherman Act and Clayton Act counterclaims with respect to droplet digital PCR products; and (iii) the Company's California unfair competition counterclaims. Discovery is ongoing. A Markman hearing was conducted in September 2020. In December 2020, the Court ordered the parties to be ready for trial for Bio-Rad’s patent claims and our patent counterclaims in July 2021 and for our antitrust counterclaims in September 2021. In June 2020, the Company filed two petitions for IPR challenging the validity of the '444 patent. In August 2020, the Company filed two petitions for IPR challenging the validity of the '277 patent. On January 13, 2021, the PTAB denied institution of IPRs for the '444 patent. On February 22, 2021, the PTAB denied institution of IPRs for the '277 patent. The 2019 Becton Dickinson Settlement and Patent Cross License Agreement On November 15, 2018, Becton, Dickinson and Company (“BD”) and Cellular Research, Inc. filed suit against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware, alleging that the Company infringed certain patents. In September 2019, the Company filed counterclaims alleging that BD and Cellular Research, Inc. (together, the “BD Entities”) infringed a number of the Company’s patents. In October 2019, the Company entered into a settlement and patent cross license agreement (the “BD Agreement”) with the BD Entities. The BD Agreement resolved all outstanding patent litigation between the parties (the “BD Litigation”), which was dismissed with prejudice on October 21, 2019. Under the terms of the BD Agreement, the BD Entities granted the Company and its affiliates, and the Company granted BD and its affiliates, a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, fully paid-up license to certain patents and patent applications relating to molecular barcoding and single cell analysis, including to all the patents asserted in the BD Litigation. The Company is required to make an aggregate payment of $25.0 million to BD in annual amounts of $6.25 million over four years beginning in January 2020 in connection with the BD Agreement. Upon execution of the BD Agreement, the fair value of these payments was recognized as a liability and is classified as accrued expenses and other current liabilities and accrued license fee, noncurrent on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. As part of the BD Agreement, each party, on behalf of itself and its affiliates, has also entered into a covenant not to sue in certain fields related to each company’s products. The companies have also agreed on behalf of themselves and their affiliates to refrain from challenging the patents and patent applications licensed under the BD Agreement. The Company considers this matter closed. For certain of the Company’s litigation matters, the Company is required to make milestone payments to the Company’s legal counsel based on certain litigation outcomes. Based on the occurrence in the first quarter of 2020 of one such milestone in one of the Company’s litigation matters, a milestone payment to the Company’s legal counsel in the amount of $5 million was triggered in the first quarter of 2020. The Company expects to trigger additional such milestone payments during the pendency of litigation, though the timing and amounts of such payments is uncertain.

Capital Stock

Capital Stock	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Equity [Abstract]
Capital Stock	Capital Stock The Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation authorizes it to issue 1,200,000,000 shares of capital stock consisting of 1,000,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, 100,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Common Stock Common stock issued and outstanding was 108,485,909 and 96,241,596 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Class A common stock outstanding was 85,804,444 and 20,972,166 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Class B common stock outstanding was 22,681,465 and 75,269,430 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company’s Class A common stock and Class B common stock have a par value of $0.00001 per share. Each share of Class B common stock has the right to ten votes and each share of Class A common stock has the right to one vote per share. All other rights and privileges of Class A and Class B common stock are equivalent. Class B common shares are convertible to Class A common shares at any time upon written notification and all Class B common shares will convert upon the date specified by vote or written consent of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding Class B common stock, voting together as a single class. The holders of common stock are also entitled to receive dividends whenever funds are legally available and when declared by the Board of Directors, subject to the prior rights of holders of all classes of stock outstanding having priority rights as to dividends.

Equity Incentive Plans

Equity Incentive Plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Equity Incentive Plans	Equity Incentive Plans Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan Following the adoption of the 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan in September 2019, any awards outstanding under the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan continue to be governed by their existing terms but no further awards may be granted under the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan. As of December 31, 2020, the number of shares of Class A common stock issuable under the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan which includes shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding awards was 9,601,093. 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan The Omnibus Incentive Plan allows for the issuance of incentive stock options (“ISOs”), non-statutory stock options (“NSOs”) or restricted shares. ISOs may be granted only to the Company’s employees (including officers and directors who are also considered employees). NSOs and restricted shares may be granted to the Company’s employees and service providers. As of December 31, 2020, the number of shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan was 3,083,698 shares issuable in connection with outstanding awards and 8,267,389 shares reserved for issuance in connection with grants of future awards. The number of shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under the 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan at the time the 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan was adopted in 2019 was 11,000,000. The Omnibus Incentive Plan provides that the total number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock that may be issued under the Omnibus Incentive Plan, including options authorized and options outstanding, is 11,000,000 (such share limit as increased from time to time, the “Absolute Share Limit”). However, the Absolute Share Limit shall be increased on the first day of each calendar year commencing on January 1, 2021 and ending on January 1, 2029 in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 5% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (ii) such number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock as determined by the Company’s board of directors. However, if on January 1 of a calendar year, the Company’s board of directors has not either confirmed the 5% increase described in clause (i) or approved a lesser number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock for such calendar year, then the Company’s board of directors will be deemed to have waived the automatic increase, and no such increase will occur for such calendar year. Of the Absolute Share Limit, no more than 11,000,000 shares of Class A common stock may be issued in the aggregate pursuant to the exercise of incentive stock options granted under the Omnibus Incentive Plan. Options under the Omnibus Incentive Plan have a contractual term of 10 years. The exercise price of an ISO and NSO shall not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. A summary of the Company’s stock option activity under the Plans is as follows: Outstanding Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Terms (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Balance as of December 31, 2019 15,918,243 $ 6.82 7.9 $ 1,105,222,370 Granted 1,774,994 78.63 Exercised (5,455,470) 3.07 Cancelled (376,923) 20.25 Balance as of December 31, 2020 11,860,844 $ 18.86 7.6 $ 1,455,758,971 Outstanding Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Terms (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2020 5,783,451 $ 7.91 6.9 $ 773,189,330 Unvested and exercisable as of December 31, 2020 549,689 $ 7.98 7.7 $ 73,450,934 The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $45.02, $13.20, and $2.04 per share, respectively. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $466.1 million, $30.5 million and $3.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation related to stock options was $160.3 million, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 3 years. Early Exercise of Options Stock options granted under the 2012 Stock Plan provide certain employee and director option holders the right to exercise unvested options in exchange for restricted shares of Class A common stock which are subject to repurchase by the Company at the original issuance price in the event the optionee’s employment is terminated either voluntarily or involuntarily prior to the applicable vesting date. The consideration received for the early exercised options is recorded as a liability on the consolidated balance sheets and reclassified to stockholders’ deficit as the shares vest. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the total repurchase liability related to the unvested early exercised options was $247,000 and $494,000, respectively, which is included in other current and noncurrent liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. A summary of these restricted shares issued under the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan is as follows: Number of Shares Weighted- Average Exercise Price Outstanding and unvested as of December 31, 2019 138,250 $ 3.57 Vested (69,500) 3.55 Outstanding and unvested as of December 31, 2020 68,750 $ 3.59 Stock Option Valuation Assumptions The fair value of each employee option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Expected volatility 60% – 71% 40% – 53% 45% – 46% Risk-free interest rate 0.3% – 1.7% 1.5% – 2.5% 2.7% – 3.1% Expected term 5.3 –6.9 years 5.0 –6.9 years 5.3 – 6.5 years Expected dividend —% —% —% Restricted Stock Units The Company began granting restricted stock unit awards (“RSUs”) to employees and other service providers during 2020. RSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2020 is as follows: Restricted Stock Weighted-Average Balance as of December 31, 2019 — $ — Granted 963,054 78.94 Vested (123,734) 66.92 Cancelled (15,373) 66.71 Outstanding as of December 31, 2020 823,947 $ 80.97 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan In July 2019, the Company’s board of directors adopted the 10x Genomics, Inc. 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which was subsequently approved by the Company’s stockholders. The ESPP went into effect on September 11, 2019. Subject to any limitations contained therein, the ESPP allows eligible employees to contribute, through payroll deductions, up to 15% of their eligible compensation to purchase the Company’s Class A common stock at a discounted price per share. The ESPP generally provides for consecutive, overlapping 6-month offering periods. Unless otherwise determined by the administrator of the ESPP, a participant may not sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any shares of the Company’s Class A common stock purchased under the ESPP for 12 months following the applicable exercise date. During the year ended December 31, 2020, 163,727 shares of Class A common stock were issued under the ESPP. No shares of Class A common stock were issued under the ESPP during 2019. The ESPP provides that the maximum number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock made available for sale thereunder will be 2,000,000, which number will be automatically increased on the first day of each calendar year commencing on January 1, 2021 and ending on January 1, 2029 in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 1% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (ii) such number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock as determined by the Company’s board of directors. However, if on January 1 of a calendar year the Company’s board of directors has not either confirmed the 1% described in clause (i) or approved a lesser number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock for such calendar year, the Company’s board of directors will be deemed to have waived the automatic increase and no such increase will occur for such calendar year. The maximum number of shares available under the ESPP (and any share limitations thereunder, as applicable) will automatically be adjusted upon certain changes to the Company’s capital structure. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the weighted average grant date fair value of the ESPP shares purchased, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, was $16.61. The following assumptions were used in estimating the fair values of shares under the ESPP: Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Expected volatility 45% - 70% 52% Risk-free interest rate 0.12% - 0.15% 1.85% Expected term (in years) 0.5 - 1.0 0.7 years Expected dividend —% —% As of December 31, 2020, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation related to the ESPP was $0.9 million, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 0.5 years. Stock-based Compensation The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statement of operations for the periods presented as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Cost of revenue $ 1,551 $ 325 $ 85 Research and development 19,623 5,721 1,030 Selling, general and administrative 27,452 7,287 1,543 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 48,626 $ 13,333 $ 2,658

Employee Benefit Plans

Employee Benefit Plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Employee Benefit Plans	Employee Benefit PlansThe Company has made available to all full-time United States employees a 401(k) retirement savings plan. Under this plan, employee and employer contributions and accumulated plan earnings qualify for favorable tax treatment under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company has not contributed to the plan.

Net Loss Per Share

Net Loss Per Share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net Loss Per Share	Net Loss Per Share The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except share and per share data): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Net loss $ (542,731) $ (31,251) $ (112,485) Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted 101,151,675 39,091,366 13,392,273 Net loss per share, basic and diluted $ (5.37) $ (0.80) $ (8.40) The following outstanding shares of common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect: Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Convertible preferred stock (on an if-converted basis) — — 67,704,278 Stock-options to purchase common stock 11,860,844 15,918,243 14,264,376 Shares subject to repurchase 68,750 138,250 232,750 Restricted Stock Units 823,947 — — Contingent restricted shares 236,484 — — Common stock warrants — — 266,099 Shares committed under ESPP 10,939 56,159 — Total 13,000,964 16,112,652 82,467,503

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Events Acquisition of Tetramer Shop ApS On January 8, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of Tetramer Shop ApS, a privately held company based in Copenhagen, Denmark, for $10 million in cash. Tetramer Shop ApS develops and provides reagents for precise monitoring of antigen-specific T cells in research and development.

Summary of Significant Accoun_2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, disclosure of contingent liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenue and expense. These judgments, estimates and assumptions are used for, but not limited to, revenue recognition, inventory valuation and write-downs, loss contingencies, accounting for assets acquisitions and the valuation of stock-based compensation awards. The Company bases its estimates on various factors and information, which may include, but are not limited to, history and prior experience, the Company’s forecasts and future plans, current economic conditions and information from third-party professionals that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities and recorded amounts of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. To the extent there are material differences between the Company’s estimates and the actual results, the Company’s future consolidated results of operation may be affected. The inputs into our judgments and estimates consider the economic implications of COVID-19 on our critical and significant accounting estimates.
Segment Information	Segment Information The Company operates as a single operating segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker, its Chief Executive Officer, manages the Company’s operations on a consolidated basis for the purposes of allocating resources, making operating decisions and evaluating financial performance.
Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist primarily of amounts invested in money market funds and are stated at fair value. Short-term restricted cash of $16.6 million is primarily comprised of $16.0 million cash on deposit with a financial institution in connection with the issuance of a bond related to The 2015 Delaware Action (see “—Commitments and Contingencies” below) and $0.5 million related to the letter of credit classified as noncurrent restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets based on the term of the underlying lease. Long-term restricted cash mainly represents $8.5 million of cash on deposit with a financial institution as security for letters of credit outstanding for the benefit of the landlord related to the Company’s non-cancelable operating lease for its corporate headquarters (see “—Commitments and Contingencies” below).
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company determines the fair value of an asset or liability based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The identification of market participant assumptions provides a basis for determining what inputs are to be used for pricing each asset or liability. A fair value hierarchy has been established which gives precedence to fair value measurements calculated using observable inputs over those using unobservable inputs. This hierarchy prioritized the inputs into three broad levels as follows: Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments Level 2: Other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments) Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs (including assumptions in determining the fair value of certain investments)
Accounts Receivable, Net	Accounts Receivable, NetAccounts receivable consist of amounts due from customers for the sales of products and services. The Company reviews its accounts receivable and provides allowances of specific amounts if collectability is no longer reasonably assured based on historical experience and specific customer collection issues.
Business Concentrations	Business Concentrations The Company’s instruments are mostly assembled and tested by a single contract manufacturer in Asia and the United States. The Company’s agreement with the contract manufacturers contains purchase commitments. In addition, the Company is reliant on several suppliers for key components for its reagent kits. A significant disruption in the operations of the contract manufacturers or suppliers may impact the production of the Company’s products for a substantial period of time, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations, which may be partially mitigated by the contract manufacturer's ability to relocate operations from Asia location to United States.
Concentrations	Concentrations Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are primarily held with a large financial institution in the United States and deposits exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s insurance limit. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the risks associated with its investments and the relative credit standing of this financial institution. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. The Company does not require collateral from its customers but may require upfront payments from certain customers. The Company has not experienced significant credit losses to date. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, no single customer represented more than 10% of revenue. As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, no single customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s outstanding accounts receivable. Substantially all the Company’s long-lived assets are located in the United States.
Inventory	Inventory Inventory is recorded at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or net realizable value. The Company uses judgment to analyze and determine if the composition of its inventory is obsolete, slow-moving or unsalable and frequently reviews such determinations. The Company writes down specifically identified unusable, obsolete, slow-moving or known unsalable inventory in the period that it is first recognized by using a number of factors including product expiration dates, open and unfulfilled orders and sales forecasts. Any write-down of its inventory to net realizable value establishes a new cost basis and will be maintained even if certain circumstances suggest that the inventory is recoverable in subsequent periods. Costs associated with the write-down of inventory are recorded to cost of revenue on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
Leases	Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception by assessing whether the arrangement contains an identified asset and whether it has the right to control the identified asset. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of future lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets are based on the measurement of the lease liability and also include any lease payments made prior to or on lease commencement and exclude lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred, as applicable. As the implicit rate in the Company’s leases is generally unknown, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of future lease payments. The Company gives consideration to its credit risk, term of the lease and total lease payments and adjusts for the impacts of collateral, as necessary, when calculating its incremental borrowing rates. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when the Company is reasonably certain it will exercise such options. Lease costs for the Company’s operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis within operating expenses and costs of goods sold over the reasonably assured lease term. The Company has elected to not separate lease and non-lease components for any leases within its existing classes of assets and, as a result, accounts for any lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. The Company has also elected to not apply the recognition requirement to any leases within its existing classes of assets with a term of 12 months or less.
Internal-Use Software	Internal-Use Software The Company capitalizes costs incurred to develop internal-use software within fixed assets and commencing from the first quarter of 2020, began capitalizing costs to develop hosting arrangements within other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
Property and Equipment, Net	Property and Equipment, NetProperty and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets	Impairment of Long-Lived AssetsThe Company evaluates long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. If indicators of impairment exist and the undiscounted future cash flows that the assets are expected to generate are less than the carrying value of the assets, the Company reduces the carrying amount of the assets to their estimated fair values based on a discounted cash flow approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. There were no impairment losses recorded for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
Product Warranties	Product Warranties The Company generally provides a one-year warranty on its instruments. The Company reviews its exposure to estimated warranty obligations associated with instrument sales and establishes an accrual based on historical product failure rates and actual warranty costs incurred. This expense is recorded as a component of cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Deferred Revenue	Deferred Revenue Deferred revenue consists of payments received in advance of revenue recognition primarily related to instrument service agreements, also referred to as extended warranties. Revenue under these agreements is recognized over the related service period. Deferred revenue expected to be recognized during the 12 months following the balance sheet date is recorded as current portion of deferred revenue and the remaining portion is recorded as long-term.
Accrued Contingent Liabilities	Accrued Contingent Liabilities Accrued contingent liabilities represents the Company’s estimates of possible losses on pending litigation, including related accrued royalties that are both probable and reasonably estimable. See Note 7.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition The Company generates revenue from sales of products and services. The Company’s products consist of instruments and consumables. The Company began shipping its Chromium Connect instrument during the first quarter of 2020. Commencing on January 1, 2019, the Company recognized revenues in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company recognizes revenue when control of the products and services is transferred to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive from its customers in exchange for those products and services. This process involves identifying the contract with a customer, determining the performance obligations in the contract, determining the contract price, allocating the contract price to the distinct performance obligations in the contract and recognizing revenue when the performance obligations have been satisfied. A performance obligation is considered distinct from other obligations in a contract when it provides a benefit to the customer either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and is separately identified in the contract. The Company considers a performance obligation satisfied once it has transferred control of a good or service to the customer, meaning the customer has the ability to use and obtain the benefit of the good or service. Revenue from product sales is recognized when control of the product is transferred, which is generally upon shipment to the customer. In instances where right of payment or transfer of title is contingent upon the customer’s acceptance of the product, revenue is deferred until all acceptance criteria have been met. Instrument service agreements, which relate to extended warranties, are typically entered into for one-year terms, following the expiration of the standard one-year warranty period. Revenue for extended warranties is recognized ratably over the term of the extended warranty period as a stand ready performance obligation. Revenue is recorded net of discounts, distributor commissions and sales taxes collected on behalf of governmental authorities. Customers are invoiced generally upon shipment, or upon order for services, and payment is typically due within 45 days. Cash received from customers in advance of product shipment or providing services is recorded as a contract liability. The Company’s contracts with its customers generally do not include rights of return or a significant financing component.
Cost of Revenue	Cost of Revenue Costs of revenue primarily consist of manufacturing costs incurred in the production process, including personnel and related costs, component materials, labor and overhead, packaging and delivery costs and allocated costs including facilities and information technology. In addition, costs of product revenue includes royalty costs for licensed technologies included in the Company’s products, warranty costs and provisions for slow-moving and obsolete inventory. In addition, beginning in November 2018, cost of revenue includes estimated accrued royalties related to the Bio-Rad litigation. See Note 7.
Shipping and Handling Costs	Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling charged to customers are recorded as revenue. Shipping and handling costs are included in the Company’s cost of revenue.
Research and Development	Research and Development Research and development costs are expensed in the period incurred. Research and development expense consists of personnel and related costs, independent contractor costs, laboratory supplies, equipment maintenance, prototype and materials expenses, amortization of developed technology and intangibles and allocated costs including facilities and information technology. See Note 3 for discussion of in-process research and development included on the consolidated statements of operations.
Advertising Costs	Advertising CostsAdvertising costs are expensed as incurred.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation The Company’s stock-based compensation relates to stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and stock purchase rights under an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). Stock-based compensation expense for its stock-based awards are based on their grant date fair value. The Company determines the fair value of RSUs based on the closing price of its stock, which is listed on Nasdaq, at the date of the grant. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards granted to employees and directors on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of stock option awards is recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in which the awards are expected to vest and forfeitures are recognized as they occur. The Black-Scholes model considers several variables and assumptions in estimating the fair value of stock-based awards. These variables include the per share fair value of the underlying common stock, exercise price, expected term, risk-free interest rate, expected annual dividend yield and the expected stock price volatility over the expected term. For all stock options granted, the Company calculated the expected term using the simplified method for “plain vanilla” stock option awards. The Company had no publicly available stock price information prior to its IPO and limited publicly available stock price information subsequent to its IPO and therefore, the Company has used the historical volatility of the stock price of similar publicly traded peer companies. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues similar in duration to the expected term of the equity-settled award. Stock-based compensation expense for nonemployee stock options is measured based on fair market value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and is recorded as the options vest. Prior to January 1, 2019, nonemployee stock options subject to vesting were revalued periodically over the requisite service period, which was generally the same as the vesting term of the award. From January 1, 2019, the grant date fair market value of nonemployee stock options is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period and forfeitures are recognized as they occur.
Foreign Currency	Foreign Currency For foreign subsidiaries where the functional currency is the local currency, assets and liabilities are translated to the U.S. dollar using month-end exchange rates, and revenue and expenses using average exchange rates. The adjustments resulting from these foreign currency translations are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, in which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company’s tax positions are subject to income tax audits. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, based on the technical merits. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is more likely than not (greater than 50% likely) to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its tax provision. The Company calculates the current and deferred income tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that could differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed in subsequent years. Adjustments based on filed income tax returns are recorded when identified. The amount of income tax paid is subject to examination by U.S. federal and state tax authorities. The estimate of the potential outcome of any uncertain tax issue is subject to management’s assessment of the relevant risks, facts and circumstances existing at that time. To the extent the assessment of such tax position changes, the change in estimate is recorded in the period in which the determination is made.
Net Loss Per Share	Net Loss Per Share Net loss per share is computed using the two-class method required for multiple classes of common stock and participating securities. The rights, including the liquidation and dividend rights and sharing of losses, of the Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, other than voting rights. As the liquidation and dividend rights and sharing of losses are identical, the undistributed earnings are allocated on a proportionate basis and the resulting net loss per share will, therefore, be the same for both Class A and Class B common stock on an individual or combined basis. The Company’s participating securities included the Company’s convertible preferred stock, as the holders would have been entitled to receive noncumulative dividends on a pari passu basis in the event that a dividend was paid on common stock. The Company also considers any shares issued on the early exercise of stock options subject to repurchase to be participating securities because holders of such shares have non-forfeitable dividend rights in the event a dividend is paid on common stock. The holders of convertible preferred stock, as well as the holders of early exercised shares subject to repurchase, do not have a contractual obligation to share in losses. Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, adjusted for outstanding shares that are subject to repurchase. For the calculation of diluted net loss per share, basic net loss per share is adjusted by the effect of dilutive securities, including convertible preferred stock, awards under the Company’s equity compensation plan and common stock warrants. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. For periods in which the Company reports net losses, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share because potentially dilutive shares of common stock are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive.
Acquisitions	Acquisitions The Company evaluates acquisitions of assets and other similar transactions to assess whether or not the transaction should be accounted for as a business combination or asset acquisition by first applying a screen to determine if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets. If the screen is met, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition. If the screen is not met, further determination is required as to whether or not the Company has acquired inputs and processes that have the ability to create outputs which would meet the requirements of a business in which case the transaction is accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date, and that the fair value of acquired intangibles be recorded on the balance sheet. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred. Any excess of the purchase price over the assigned fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. The Company accounts for an asset acquisition under ASC, Business Combinations Topic 805, Subtopic 50 , which requires the acquiring entity in an asset acquisition to recognize net assets based on the cost to the acquiring entity on a relative fair value basis, which includes transaction costs in addition to consideration given. Goodwill is not recognized in an asset acquisition; any excess consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired is allocated to the non-monetary identifiable assets based on relative fair values. In-process research and development expense is expensed as incurred provided there is no alternative future use. Contingent consideration payments in asset acquisitions are recognized when the contingency is resolved and the consideration is paid or becomes payable (unless the contingent consideration meets the definition of a derivative, in which case the amount becomes part of the basis in the asset acquired). Upon recognition of the contingent consideration payment, the amount is included in the cost of the acquired asset or group of assets.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842) . This standard requires substantially all leases to be recognized by lessees on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability, including leases currently accounted for as operating leases. On January 1, 2020, the Company early adopted Topic 842 using the optional transition method by recognizing a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as of that date. Results for the year ended December 31, 2020 are presented under the guidance in Topic 842. No prior period amounts were adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with previous lease guidance, ASC Topic 840 – Leases . The adjustments due to the adoption of Topic 842 related to the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities for the Company’s existing operating leases. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326) , which requires financial assets measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected and provides that credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities and accounts receivable should be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. The guidance was amended through various ASUs subsequent to ASU 2016-13. The Company calculates the allowance for credit losses as a percentage of the trade accounts receivable balance based on collection history and current economic trends that it expects will impact the level of credit losses over the life of its receivables. The allowance is re-evaluated on a regular basis and adjusted, as required. Trade accounts receivable are considered past due based on the contractual payment terms. Once a trade account receivable is deemed uncollectible, it is charged against this allowance. The Company early adopted this standard on a modified retrospective basis effective January 1, 2020. The adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-8, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , which expands the scope of ASC Topic 718 to provide guidance for share-based payment awards granted to a customer in conjunction with selling goods or services accounted for under Topic 606. The Company early adopted this standard on January 1, 2020, which did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal Use Software (Subtopic 350-40) – Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract , which aligns the accounting for implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the accounting for implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software under ASC 350-40, in order to determine which costs to capitalize and recognize as an asset and which costs to expense. The Company early adopted this standard on a prospective basis effective January 1, 2020. As a result of the adoption of this standard, during the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company capitalized $2.8 million of implementation costs for enterprise resource planning and related software, Oracle Cloud, which went live during the third quarter of 2020. These costs are recorded within other assets in the consolidated balance sheets and amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740) , which simplifies the accounting for income taxes, primarily by eliminating certain exceptions to ASC 740. This standard is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company early adopted this standard on a modified retrospective basis as of December 31, 2020 which did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Summary of Significant Accoun_3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Cash and cash equivalents $ 663,603 $ 424,166 $ 65,080 Restricted cash 25,041 52,327 5,008 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 688,644 $ 476,493 $ 70,088
Schedule of Property Plant and Equipment	Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the following assets: Useful Life (Years) Laboratory equipment and machinery 3 - 5 Computer equipment 2 - 3 Furniture and fixtures 3 Leasehold improvements 1 - 10 Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Laboratory equipment and machinery $ 30,010 $ 22,400 Computer equipment 5,783 4,991 Furniture and fixtures 5,887 4,143 Leasehold improvements 42,068 33,936 Construction in progress 19,594 2,406 Total property and equipment 103,342 67,876 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (30,502) (19,055) Property and equipment, net $ 72,840 $ 48,821
Disclosure of Impact of Topic 842 on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet	The following table summarizes the impact of Topic 842 on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2020 (in thousands): December 31, Adjustments due to January 1, Assets: Operating lease right-of-use assets $ — $ 38,005 $ 38,005 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 8,033 (434) 7,599 Total assets $ 8,033 $ 37,571 $ 45,604 Liabilities: Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 24,448 $ (99) $ 24,349 Operating lease liabilities — 3,086 3,086 Deferred rent, noncurrent 16,120 (16,120) — Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent — 50,704 50,704 Total liabilities $ 40,568 $ 37,571 $ 78,139

Asset Acquisitions (Tables)

Asset Acquisitions (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Asset Acquisition [Abstract]
Schedule of Asset Acquisition	The following table summarizes the value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands): Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed In-process research and development $ 406,911 Intangible asset 927 Other assets and liabilities, net (406) Total net assets acquired $ 407,432 The following table summarizes the value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands): Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed In-process research and development $ 40,637 Intangible assets 801 Other assets and liabilities, net 348 Total net assets acquired $ 41,786 The following table summarizes the value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands): Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed In-process research and development $ 36,899 Intangible assets 425 Other assets and liabilities 1,237 Total net assets acquired $ 38,561

Other Financial Statement Inf_2

Other Financial Statement Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Schedule of Inventory	Inventory was comprised of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Purchased materials $ 9,930 $ 6,436 Work in progress 9,312 3,996 Finished goods 10,717 4,838 Inventory $ 29,959 $ 15,270
Schedule of Property Plant and Equipment	Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the following assets: Useful Life (Years) Laboratory equipment and machinery 3 - 5 Computer equipment 2 - 3 Furniture and fixtures 3 Leasehold improvements 1 - 10 Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Laboratory equipment and machinery $ 30,010 $ 22,400 Computer equipment 5,783 4,991 Furniture and fixtures 5,887 4,143 Leasehold improvements 42,068 33,936 Construction in progress 19,594 2,406 Total property and equipment 103,342 67,876 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (30,502) (19,055) Property and equipment, net $ 72,840 $ 48,821
Schedule of Intangible Assets Net	Intangible assets, net, which are recorded within other assets in the consolidated balance sheets, consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Remaining Useful Life in Years Gross Accumulated Intangibles, Remaining Useful Life in Years Gross Accumulated Intangibles, Technology licenses 13.7 $ 22,504 $ (1,973) $ 20,531 14.7 $ 22,504 $ (440) $ 22,064 Customer relationships 3.9 805 (111) 694 5.9 204 (32) 172 Trademarks 0.9 204 (142) 62 1.9 204 (74) 130 Assembled workforce 4.8 1,128 (61) 1,067 — — — Total intangible assets, net $ 24,641 $ (2,287) $ 22,354 $ 22,912 $ (546) $ 22,366
Schedule of Annual Amortization of Intangible Assets	The estimated annual amortization of intangible assets for the next five years is shown below (in thousands): Estimated 2021 $ 2,000 2022 1,939 2023 1,908 2024 1,828 2025 1,664 Thereafter 13,015 Total $ 22,354
Schedule of Accrued Compensation and Related Benefits	Accrued compensation and related benefits were comprised of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Accrued payroll and related costs $ 2,506 $ 470 Employee stock purchase program liability 1,258 1,862 Accrued bonus 5,058 6,154 Accrued commissions 3,038 2,473 Accrued acquisition-related compensation 2,213 818 Accrued vacation 1,035 435 Other 275 182 Accrued compensation and related benefits $ 15,383 $ 12,394
Schedule of Accrued Expense and Other Current Liabilities	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities were comprised of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Accrued legal and related costs $ 5,704 $ 4,888 Accrued license fee 6,198 6,183 Accrued purchase consideration 4,146 — Accrued royalties for licensed technologies 3,160 2,025 Accrued property and equipment 2,983 3,885 Accrued professional services 3,137 1,380 Product warranties 399 467 Customer deposits 1,727 1,304 Taxes payable 8,649 1,087 Accrued lab supplies 1,506 534 Other 5,844 2,695 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 43,453 $ 24,448
Schedule of Changes in the Reserve for Product Warranties	Changes in the reserve for product warranties were as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Beginning of period $ 467 $ 804 Amounts charged to cost of revenue 796 741 Repairs and replacements (864) (1,078) End of period $ 399 $ 467
Change in Contract with Customer Asset and Liability Abstract	A summary of the change in contract liabilities is as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 January 1 $ 4,131 $ 3,497 Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the year (3,295) (2,250) Revenue deferred excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period 5,318 2,884 Balance as of December 31 $ 6,154 $ 4,131
Schedule of Revenue by Source	The following table represents revenue by source for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Instruments $ 40,128 $ 34,945 $ 36,540 Consumables 252,685 206,878 107,616 Services 6,032 4,070 2,157 Total revenue $ 298,845 $ 245,893 $ 146,313
Schedule of Revenue by Geography	The following table presents revenue by geography based on the location of the customer for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 North America $ 159,332 $ 139,758 $ 85,132 Europe, Middle East and Africa 73,265 58,004 35,812 China 41,741 29,920 15,075 Asia-Pacific (1) 24,507 18,211 10,294 Total revenue $ 298,845 $ 245,893 $ 146,313 (1) Asia-Pacific excludes China which is disclosed separately.

Income Tax (Tables)

Income Tax (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign	Loss before provision for income taxes were as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 United States $ (376,835) $ (35,675) International (157,641) 4,642 Total $ (534,476) $ (31,033)
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation	A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax provision to the effective income tax provision is as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Income tax provision at statutory rate $ (112,240) $ (6,517) State taxes, net (16,653) (2,958) Tax credits (9,453) (2,684) Foreign taxes 41,253 101 Stock-based compensation (52,070) 1,032 Change in valuation allowance 99,034 10,783 Acquisition related expenses 93,407 116 Impact of change in tax status (34,731) — Other (292) 345 Total provision for income taxes $ 8,255 $ 218
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities	The major components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows as of the dates indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Deferred tax assets Net operating loss carryforwards $ 90,562 $ 28,878 Research and development tax credits 31,908 15,961 Accruals and reserves 14,392 23,804 Lease liability 14,192 — Intangibles 43,261 1,339 Stock-based compensation 6,601 1,427 Total deferred tax assets 200,916 71,409 Valuation allowance (186,853) (66,456) Net deferred tax assets $ 14,063 $ 4,953 Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Deferred tax liabilities Fixed assets $ (3,750) $ (4,946) Right-of-use assets (10,388) — Total deferred tax liabilities (14,138) (4,946) Net deferred taxes $ (75) $ 7
Summary of Income Tax Contingencies	The total balance of unrecognized gross tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 resulting primarily from research and development tax credits claimed on the Company’s annual tax returns were as follows (in thousands): 2020 2019 Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year $ 6,410 $ 4,169 Reductions based on prior year tax provisions (311) — Additions based on current year tax provisions 8,558 2,241 Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year $ 14,657 $ 6,410

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Summary of Company's Operating Lease Liabilities	The maturity of the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2020 is as follows (in thousands): Operating Leases 2021 $ 9,082 2022 9,363 2023 8,863 2024 8,083 2025 8,203 Thereafter 34,864 Total lease payments $ 78,458 Less: imputed interest (15,480) Present value of operating lease liabilities $ 62,978 Operating lease liabilities, current $ 5,936 Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent $ 57,042
Summary of Additional Information Related to Operating Leases	The following table summarizes additional information related to operating leases as of December 31, 2020: Weighted-average remaining lease term: Operating leases 8.4 years Weighted-average discount rate: Operating leases 4.5 %
Summary of Future Minimum Lease Payments Under the Leases for Facilities	The Company’s future undiscounted lease payments under operating leases (as defined by prior guidance) as of December 31, 2019 are as follow (in thousands): Rent Payments 2021 $ 6,247 2022 7,581 2023 6,794 2024 6,947 2025 7,064 Thereafter 38,346 Total minimum lease payments $ 72,979
Schedule of Estimated Undiscounted Lease Payments for Operating Lease, Lease Not Yet Commenced	Estimated undiscounted lease payments relating to the 6200 Stoneridge Mall Road lease for fiscal years ending (in thousands): Lease payments for leases not yet commenced 2021 $ — 2022 2,014 2023 4,576 2024 6,020 2025 6,199 Thereafter 52,039 Total undiscounted lease payments $ 70,848

Equity Incentive Plans (Tables)

Equity Incentive Plans (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Summary of the Company's stock option activity	A summary of the Company’s stock option activity under the Plans is as follows: Outstanding Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Terms (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Balance as of December 31, 2019 15,918,243 $ 6.82 7.9 $ 1,105,222,370 Granted 1,774,994 78.63 Exercised (5,455,470) 3.07 Cancelled (376,923) 20.25 Balance as of December 31, 2020 11,860,844 $ 18.86 7.6 $ 1,455,758,971 Outstanding Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Terms (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2020 5,783,451 $ 7.91 6.9 $ 773,189,330 Unvested and exercisable as of December 31, 2020 549,689 $ 7.98 7.7 $ 73,450,934
Summary of Restricted Shares Issued Under Stock Plan	A summary of these restricted shares issued under the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan is as follows: Number of Shares Weighted- Average Exercise Price Outstanding and unvested as of December 31, 2019 138,250 $ 3.57 Vested (69,500) 3.55 Outstanding and unvested as of December 31, 2020 68,750 $ 3.59
Stock Option Valuation Assumptions	The fair value of each employee option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Expected volatility 60% – 71% 40% – 53% 45% – 46% Risk-free interest rate 0.3% – 1.7% 1.5% – 2.5% 2.7% – 3.1% Expected term 5.3 –6.9 years 5.0 –6.9 years 5.3 – 6.5 years Expected dividend —% —% —%
Summary of RSU activity	The Company began granting restricted stock unit awards (“RSUs”) to employees and other service providers during 2020. RSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2020 is as follows: Restricted Stock Weighted-Average Balance as of December 31, 2019 — $ — Granted 963,054 78.94 Vested (123,734) 66.92 Cancelled (15,373) 66.71 Outstanding as of December 31, 2020 823,947 $ 80.97
Schedule of Fair value of the Employee Stock Purchase Plan	The following assumptions were used in estimating the fair values of shares under the ESPP: Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Expected volatility 45% - 70% 52% Risk-free interest rate 0.12% - 0.15% 1.85% Expected term (in years) 0.5 - 1.0 0.7 years Expected dividend —% —%
Recorded Stock-based Compensation Expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations	The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statement of operations for the periods presented as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Cost of revenue $ 1,551 $ 325 $ 85 Research and development 19,623 5,721 1,030 Selling, general and administrative 27,452 7,287 1,543 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 48,626 $ 13,333 $ 2,658

Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

Net Loss Per Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share	The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except share and per share data): Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Net loss $ (542,731) $ (31,251) $ (112,485) Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted 101,151,675 39,091,366 13,392,273 Net loss per share, basic and diluted $ (5.37) $ (0.80) $ (8.40)
Shares of Common Stock Equivalents Excluded from Computation of Diluted Net Loss Per Share	The following outstanding shares of common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect: Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Convertible preferred stock (on an if-converted basis) — — 67,704,278 Stock-options to purchase common stock 11,860,844 15,918,243 14,264,376 Shares subject to repurchase 68,750 138,250 232,750 Restricted Stock Units 823,947 — — Contingent restricted shares 236,484 — — Common stock warrants — — 266,099 Shares committed under ESPP 10,939 56,159 — Total 13,000,964 16,112,652 82,467,503

Description of Business and B_2

Description of Business and Basis of Presentation - Additional Information (Detail) - Common Class A - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	Sep. 10, 2020	Sep. 16, 2019
Proceeds from Initial public offer		$ 410.8
IPO
Issuance of Class A common stock upon initial public offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)		11,500,000
IPO offer price per share (in dollars per share)		$ 39
Offering costs, underwriting commissions and discounts		$ 37.7
IPO | Underwriter offer
Issuance of Class A common stock upon initial public offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)		1,500,000
Follow-on Public Offering
Issuance of Class A common stock upon initial public offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)	4,600,000
IPO offer price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 110
Offering costs, underwriting commissions and discounts	$ 23.8
Aggregate net proceeds after deduction of offering costs	$ 482.3
Follow-on Public Offering | Underwriter offer
Issuance of Class A common stock upon initial public offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)	600,000

Summary of Significant Accoun_4

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)segment	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Number of operating segment | segment	1
Short term restricted cash	$ 16,567,000	$ 0
Restricted cash	8,474,000	52,327,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts	0	0
Impairment of long lived assets	$ 0	0	$ 0
Revenue recognition, payment due period	45 days
Advertising costs	$ 1,900,000	1,500,000	700,000
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)	1,300,000	100,000	$ (300,000)
Collateral For Bond And Royalties, Bio Rad Litigation
Short term restricted cash	16,000,000
Restricted Cash For Letter Of Credit
Short term restricted cash	500,000
Restricted cash	8,500,000
ASU 2018-15
Capitalized costs due to adoption of standard	2,800,000
Fair value, inputs, level 1 | Money Market Funds
Fair value of money market instruments	600,900,000	398,500,000
Unrealized gains (losses) on money market instruments	$ 0	$ 0

Summary of Significant Accoun_5

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 663,603	$ 424,166	$ 65,080
Restricted cash	25,041	52,327	5,008
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$ 688,644	$ 476,493	$ 70,088	$ 47,857

Summary of Significant Accoun_6

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Estimated Useful Life of Company Property and Equipment (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Laboratory equipment and machinery | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	3 years
Laboratory equipment and machinery | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	5 years
Computer equipment | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	2 years
Computer equipment | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	3 years
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	3 years
Leasehold improvements | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	1 year
Leasehold improvements | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	10 years

Summary of Significant Accoun_7

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of the Impact of Topic 842 on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 01, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 46,983	$ 38,005
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	13,029	7,599	$ 8,033
Total assets	929,341	45,604	605,923
Liabilities [Abstract]
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	43,453	24,349	24,448
Operating lease liabilities	5,936	3,086
Deferred rent, noncurrent			16,120
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	57,042	50,704
Total liabilities	$ 190,269	78,139	185,840
Previously Reported
Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			8,033
Total assets			8,033
Liabilities [Abstract]
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities			24,448
Deferred rent, noncurrent			16,120
Total liabilities			$ 40,568
Adjustments due to the adoption of Topic 842
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets		38,005
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(434)
Total assets		37,571
Liabilities [Abstract]
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(99)
Operating lease liabilities		3,086
Deferred rent, noncurrent		(16,120)
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent		50,704
Total liabilities		$ 37,571

Asset Acquisition - Additional

Asset Acquisition - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 13, 2020	Aug. 21, 2020	Nov. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
In-process research and development					$ 447,548	$ 0	$ 62,363
Common Class A
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Value of common stock issued under purchase agreement					$ 306,000
ReadCoor
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred	$ 407,400
Transaction costs	1,600
Cash acquired	9,200
Cash payments for asset acquisition	101,400
Purchase consideration, shares	306,000
Common stock, contractual value	$ 250,000
Term for common stock, weighted average price	10 days
Value of common stock issued under purchase agreement	$ 306,000
In-process research and development	406,911
Intangible asset	$ 927
ReadCoor | Common Class A
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Shares issued for purchase agreement (in shares)	1,901,382
CartaNA
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Transaction costs		$ 600
Cash acquired		1,500
Cash payments for asset acquisition		41,800
In-process research and development		40,637
Intangible asset		$ 801
Spatial Transcriptomics
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred			$ 38,600
Transaction costs			500
In-process research and development			36,899
Intangible asset			425
In-process research and development			36,900
Spatial Transcriptomics | Patents
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible asset			36,900
Spatial Transcriptomics | Other Intangible Assets
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible asset			$ 400
Epinomics
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred				$ 22,200
Transaction costs				300
In-process research and development							$ 22,200
Epinomics | Due Upon Closing of Acquisition
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred				6,200
Epinomics | Due Upon Amendment and Assignment of License Agreement
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred				$ 16,000

Asset Acquisitions - Summary of

Asset Acquisitions - Summary of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 13, 2020	Aug. 21, 2020	Nov. 30, 2018
ReadCoor
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
In-process research and development	$ 406,911
Intangible asset	927
Other assets and liabilities, net	(406)
Total net assets acquired	$ 407,432
CartaNA
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
In-process research and development		$ 40,637
Intangible asset		801
Other assets and liabilities, net		348
Total net assets acquired		$ 41,786
Spatial Transcriptomics
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
In-process research and development			$ 36,899
Intangible asset			425
Other assets and liabilities, net			1,237
Total net assets acquired			38,561
Spatial Transcriptomics | Patents
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible asset			36,900
Spatial Transcriptomics | Other Intangible Assets
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible asset			$ 400

Other Financial Statement Inf_3

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Inventory (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Purchased materials	$ 9,930	$ 6,436
Work in progress	9,312	3,996
Finished goods	10,717	4,838
Inventory	$ 29,959	$ 15,270

Other Financial Statement Inf_4

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule Of Property Plant And Equipment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	$ 103,342	$ 67,876
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(30,502)	(19,055)
Property and equipment, net	72,840	48,821
Laboratory equipment and machinery
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	30,010	22,400
Computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	5,783	4,991
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	5,887	4,143
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	42,068	33,936
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	$ 19,594	$ 2,406

Other Financial Statement Inf_5

Other Financial Statement Information - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Product Information [Line Items]
Depreciation expense	$ 12,300	$ 6,700	$ 3,800
Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations	6,200
Contract liability	6,154	4,131	$ 3,497
Deferred revenue, current	4,472	3,297
Contract with customer, liability, revenue recognized	$ 3,295	$ 2,250
Revenue Benchmark | US (included in North America) | Geographic Concentration Risk
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	52.00%	54.00%

Other Financial Statement Inf_6

Other Financial Statement Information - Intangible Assets, Net (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 24,641	$ 22,912
Accumulated Amortization	(2,287)	(546)
Intangibles, Net	$ 22,354	$ 22,366
Technology licenses
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Remaining Useful Life in Years	13 years 8 months 12 days	14 years 8 months 12 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 22,504	$ 22,504
Accumulated Amortization	(1,973)	(440)
Intangibles, Net	$ 20,531	$ 22,064
Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Remaining Useful Life in Years	3 years 10 months 24 days	5 years 10 months 24 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 805	$ 204
Accumulated Amortization	(111)	(32)
Intangibles, Net	$ 694	$ 172
Trademarks
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Remaining Useful Life in Years	10 months 24 days	1 year 10 months 24 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 204	$ 204
Accumulated Amortization	(142)	(74)
Intangibles, Net	$ 62	130
Assembled workforce
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Remaining Useful Life in Years	4 years 9 months 18 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 1,128	0
Accumulated Amortization	(61)	0
Intangibles, Net	$ 1,067	$ 0

Other Financial Statement Inf_7

Other Financial Statement Information - Annual Amortization Of Intangible Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Finite Lived Intangible Assets Amortization [Abstract]
2021	$ 2,000
2022	1,939
2023	1,908
2024	1,828
2025	1,664
Thereafter	13,015
Intangibles, Net	$ 22,354	$ 22,366

Other Financial Statement Inf_8

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Accrued Compensation and Related Benefits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Accrued payroll and related costs	$ 2,506	$ 470
Employee stock purchase program liability	1,258	1,862
Accrued bonus	5,058	6,154
Accrued commissions	3,038	2,473
Accrued acquisition-related compensation	2,213	818
Accrued vacation	1,035	435
Other	275	182
Accrued compensation and related benefits	$ 15,383	$ 12,394

Other Financial Statement Inf_9

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Accrued Expense And Other Current Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 01, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Accrued legal and related costs	$ 5,704		$ 4,888
Accrued license fee	6,198		6,183
Accrued purchase consideration	4,146		0
Accrued royalties for licensed technologies	3,160		2,025
Accrued property and equipment	2,983		3,885
Accrued professional services	3,137		1,380
Product warranties	399		467
Customer deposits	1,727		1,304
Taxes payable	8,649		1,087
Accrued lab supplies	1,506		534
Other	5,844		2,695
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$ 43,453	$ 24,349	$ 24,448

Other Financial Statement In_10

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Changes in the Reserve for Product Warranties (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Beginning of period	$ 467	$ 804
Amounts charged to cost of revenue	796	741
Repairs and replacements	(864)	(1,078)
End of period	$ 399	$ 467

Other Financial Statement In_11

Other Financial Statement Information - Revenue Recognition (Details) - Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2021-01-01	Dec. 31, 2020
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligations percentage	73.00%
Expected period of revenue recognition	12 months

Other Financial Statement In_12

Other Financial Statement Information - Summary Of The Change In Contract Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Balance as of January 1	$ 4,131	$ 3,497
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the year	(3,295)	(2,250)
Revenue deferred excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period	5,318	2,884
Balance as of December 31	$ 6,154	$ 4,131

Other Financial Statement In_13

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Revenue by Source (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Product Information [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 298,845	$ 245,893	$ 146,313
Instruments
Product Information [Line Items]
Revenue	40,128	34,945	36,540
Consumables
Product Information [Line Items]
Revenue	252,685	206,878	107,616
Services
Product Information [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 6,032	$ 4,070	$ 2,157

Other Financial Statement In_14

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Revenue by geography (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 298,845	$ 245,893	$ 146,313
North America
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	159,332	139,758	85,132
Europe, Middle East and Africa
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	73,265	58,004	35,812
China
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	41,741	29,920	15,075
Asia-Pacific
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 24,507	$ 18,211	$ 10,294

Debt - Additional information (

Debt - Additional information (Detail) - USD ($)	Jun. 18, 2020	Feb. 20, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Loss on extinguishment of debt			$ (1,521,000)	$ 0	$ 0
Revolving Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 25,000,000
Line of credit facility available as a percentage of receivables	80.00%
Line of credit facility, termination fee	$ 300,000
Line of credit, outstanding			$ 0	$ 0
Revolving Credit Facility | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument spread on variable rate	0.25%
Revolving Credit Facility | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument spread on variable rate	4.50%
Tranche A | Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Early payment of debt		$ 30,500,000
Early payment of debt principal amount		28,300,000
Early payment, term payment		1,800,000
Early payment of debt termination fees		300,000
Early payment of debt interest amount		100,000
Loss on extinguishment of debt		$ 1,500,000

Income Tax - Summary Of Loss Be

Income Tax - Summary Of Loss Before Provision For Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Loss Before Provision For Income Taxes	$ (534,476)	$ (31,033)	$ (112,398)
United States
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Loss Before Provision For Income Taxes	(376,835)	(35,675)
International
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Loss Before Provision For Income Taxes	$ (157,641)	$ 4,642

Income Tax - Additional Informa

Income Tax - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Nov. 01, 2013
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Provision for income taxes	$ 8,255	$ 218	$ 87
Change in valuation allowance	120,400	10,800
Operating loss carryforwards, limitation amount				$ 4,800
Domestic Tax Authority
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	373,700	$ 258,800
Tax credit carryforward	27,600
State and Local Jurisdiction
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	188,500
Tax credit carryforward	$ 20,900

Income Tax - Summary Of Reconci

Income Tax - Summary Of Reconciliation Of The Federal Statutory Income Tax Provision (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax provision at statutory rate	$ (112,240)	$ (6,517)
State taxes, net	(16,653)	(2,958)
Tax credits	(9,453)	(2,684)
Foreign taxes	41,253	101
Stock-based compensation	(52,070)	1,032
Change in valuation allowance	99,034	10,783
Acquisition related expenses	93,407	116
Impact of change in tax status	(34,731)	0
Other	(292)	345
Total provision for income taxes	$ 8,255	$ 218	$ 87

Income Tax - Summary Of Major C

Income Tax - Summary Of Major Components Of Deferred Tax Assets And Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Deferred tax assets
Net operating loss carryforwards	$ 90,562	$ 28,878
Research and development tax credits	31,908	15,961
Accruals and reserves	14,392	23,804
Lease liability	14,192	0
Intangibles	43,261	1,339
Stock-based compensation	6,601	1,427
Total deferred tax assets	200,916	71,409
Valuation allowance	(186,853)	(66,456)
Net deferred tax assets	14,063	4,953
Deferred tax liabilities
Fixed assets	(3,750)	(4,946)
Right-of-use assets	(10,388)	0
Total deferred tax liabilities	(14,138)	(4,946)
Net deferred taxes	$ (75)
Net deferred taxes		$ 7

Income Tax - Summary Of Unrecog

Income Tax - Summary Of Unrecognized Gross Tax Benefits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year	$ 6,410	$ 4,169
Reductions based on prior year tax provisions	(311)	0
Additions based on current year tax provisions	8,558	2,241
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year	$ 14,657	$ 6,410

Commitments and Contingencies -

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Detail) € in Thousands, $ in Thousands

Nov. 04, 2020USD ($)

Aug. 10, 2020USD ($)

Apr. 27, 2020petition

Apr. 16, 2020EUR (€)

Oct. 31, 2020petition

Aug. 31, 2020petition

Jun. 30, 2020petition

Oct. 31, 2019USD ($)petition

Aug. 31, 2019USD ($)

Jul. 31, 2019

Nov. 30, 2018USD ($)

Jun. 30, 2018USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2020EUR (€)

Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)

Nov. 06, 2020USD ($)ft²

Mar. 31, 2020USD ($)

Sep. 13, 2019USD ($)

Minimum purchase commitment

$ 1,000

Contractual obligation

10,200

Operating lease cost

8,400

Variable lease cost

400

Operating lease payments

7,100

Purchase price

36,666

$ 42,742

$ 6,284

Accrual provision

1,270

1,502

30,580

Cash collateral

$ 5,008

25,041

52,327

5,008

Restricted cash

16,567

0

Number of petitions for inter partes review | petition

4

2

2

2

4

Payment of litigation settlement expense | €

€ 2,800

Collateral For Bond And Royalties, Bio Rad Litigation

Restricted cash

16,000

Office building near headquarters

Real estate property, area | ft²

145,000

Expected total lease payments

$ 60,800

Tenant improvement allowance

$ 10,000

Lease payment commencing 2021

0

Lease payment commencing 2022

2,014

Lease payment commencing 2023

$ 4,576

Office building near headquarters | 2021 and 2022

Weighted-average expected lease terms

12 years

Office building near headquarters | 2023

Weighted-average expected lease terms

11 years

Milestone Payment

Other commitment

$ 5,000

Bio Rad

Company bear the legal cost of court | €

€ 61

Bio-Rad

Damages awarded

$ 34,500

$ 35,000

$ 24,000

Royalty percentage on sales

15.00%

15.00%

Royalty expense

$ 7,400

Loss contingency

$ 38,000

$ 44,200

68,700

38,000

Bond amount

$ 52,000

$ 52,000

Potential increase in bond amount

61,000

Potential decrease in bond amount

$ 35,000

Post judgment interest

$ 800

Bio-Rad | Assets Held In Trust

Cash collateral

$ 45,000

Bio-Rad | Operating Expense

Accrual provision

$ 30,600

Pre and post judgment interest

1,300

1,500

Bio-Rad | Cost of Sales

Royalty expense

9,500

$ 29,200

Pleasanton, California Property

Purchase price

$ 29,400

Letter of Credit

Letter of credit maximum borrowing capacity

$ 4,000

Minimum

Operating lease term

1 year

Maximum

Operating lease term

10 years

Intellectual Property

Minimum purchase commitment

$ 26,500

Payment period

14 years

14 years

BD Entities

Weighted average amortization period of intangible asset

15 years

BD Entities | Intellectual Property

Fair value of asset acquired

$ 22,100

Purchase price of asset acquired

$ 25,000

Payment period

4 years

Annual payments

$ 6,250

Prognosys | Intellectual Property

Purchase price of asset acquired

$ 3,300

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies - Summary of Company's Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2021	$ 9,082
2022	9,363
2023	8,863
2024	8,083
2025	8,203
Thereafter	34,864
Total lease payments	78,458
Less: imputed interest	(15,480)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	62,978
Operating lease liabilities, current	5,936
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	$ 57,042

Commitments and Contingencies_3

Commitments and Contingencies - Summary of Additional Information Related to Operating Leases (Details)	Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Weighted-average remaining lease term, operating leases	8 years 4 months 24 days
Weighted-average discount rate, operating leases	4.50%

Commitments and Contingencies_4

Commitments and Contingencies - Summary of Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Operating Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2021	$ 6,247
2022	7,581
2023	6,794
2024	6,947
2025	7,064
Thereafter	38,346
Total minimum lease payments	$ 72,979

Commitments and Contingencies_5

Commitments and Contingencies - Estimated Undiscounted Lease Payments (Details) - Office building near headquarters $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
2021	$ 0
2022	2,014
2023	4,576
2024	6,020
2025	6,199
Thereafter	52,039
Total minimum lease payments	$ 70,848

Capital Stock - Additional Info

Capital Stock - Additional Information (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2020vote$ / sharesshares	Dec. 31, 2019$ / sharesshares
Shares of capital stock authorized (in shares)	1,200,000,000
Common stock authorized (in shares)	1,100,000,000	1,100,000,000
Preferred stock authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares)	108,485,909	96,241,596
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	108,485,909	96,241,596
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common Class A
Common stock authorized (in shares)	1,000,000,000
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	85,804,444	20,972,166
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.00001
Number Of Votes Per Share | vote	1
Common Class B
Common stock authorized (in shares)	100,000,000
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	22,681,465	75,269,430
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.00001
Number Of Votes Per Share | vote	10
Convertible Preferred Stock
Preferred stock authorized (in shares)	100,000,000

Equity Incentive Plans - Additi

Equity Incentive Plans - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Total repurchase liability related to the unvested early exercised options	$ 247,000
Total repurchase liability related to the unvested early exercised options		$ 494,000
2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Percentage increase in shares on stock outstanding	5.00%
Contractual term	10 years
Stock options grant date fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 45.02	$ 13.20	$ 2.04
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised	$ 466,100,000	$ 30,500,000	$ 3,300,000
Unrecognized stock-based compensation	$ 160,300,000
Weighted-average period of recognition for stock options	3 years
2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan | Minimum
Exercise price percentage on fair market value	100.00%
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Percentage increase in shares on stock outstanding	1.00%
Stock options grant date fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 16.61
Unrecognized stock-based compensation	$ 900,000
Weighted-average period of recognition for stock options	6 months
Employee contribution percentage	15.00%
Offering period	6 months
Common Class A | 10x Genomics, Inc. 2012 Stock Plan
Common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options (in shares)	9,601,093
Common Class A | 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options (in shares)	8,267,389
Shares issuable in connection with outstanding awards (in shares)	3,083,698
Common stock reserved for issuance (in shares)	11,000,000
Share-based payment award, number of shares authorized (in shares)	11,000,000
Common Class A | 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Common stock reserved for issuance (in shares)	2,000,000
Common Class A | 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Employee Stock
Shares issued in period for previously outstanding awards (in shares)	163,727
Common stock purchased under ESPP (in shares)		0

Equity Incentive Plans - Summar

Equity Incentive Plans - Summary Of Company's Stock Option Activity (Detail) - 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Outstanding Options
Outstanding options, Beginning balance (in shares)	15,918,243
Outstanding options, Granted (in shares)	1,774,994
Exercised (in shares)	(5,455,470)
Outstanding Options, Cancelled (in shares)	(376,923)
Outstanding options, Ending balance (in shares)	11,860,844	15,918,243
Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 6.82
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Granted (in dollars per share)	78.63
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised (in dollars per share)	3.07
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Cancelled (in dollars per share)	20.25
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 18.86	$ 6.82
Options Outstanding, Weighted-Average Remaining Terms (Years)	7 years 7 months 6 days	7 years 10 months 24 days
Options Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	$ 1,455,758,971	$ 1,105,222,370
Weighted-Average Remaining Terms and Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding Options, Vested and exercisable (in shares)	5,783,451
Outstanding Options, Unvested and exercisable (in shares)	549,689
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Vested exercisable (in dollars per share)	$ 7.91
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Unvested exercisable (in dollars per share)	$ 7.98
Options Outstanding, Weighted-Average Remaining Terms, Vested and exercisable	6 years 10 months 24 days
Options Outstanding, Weighted-Average Remaining Terms, Unvested and exercisable	7 years 8 months 12 days
Options Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested and exercisable	$ 773,189,330
Options Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Unvested and exercisable	$ 73,450,934

Equity Incentive Plans - Summ_2

Equity Incentive Plans - Summary Of Early Exercise of Options (Detail) - 2012 Stock Plan	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020$ / sharesshares
Number of Shares
Number of Shares, Outstanding and unvested, beginning balance (in shares) | shares	138,250
Number of Shares, Vested (in shares) | shares	(69,500)
Number of Shares, Outstanding and unvested, ending balance (in shares) | shares	68,750
Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding and unvested, beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 3.57
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	3.55
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding and unvested, ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 3.59

Equity Incentive Plans - Summ_3

Equity Incentive Plans - Summary Of Stock Option Valuation Assumptions (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected dividend	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	60.00%	40.00%	45.00%
Risk-free interest rate	0.30%	1.50%	2.70%
Expected term (in years)	5 years 3 months 18 days	5 years	5 years 3 months 18 days
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	71.00%	53.00%	46.00%
Risk-free interest rate	1.70%	2.50%	3.10%
Expected term (in years)	6 years 10 months 24 days	6 years 10 months 24 days	6 years 6 months

Equity Incentive Plans - Summ_4

Equity Incentive Plans - Summary of RSU Activity (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020$ / sharesshares
Restricted Stock Units
Restricted Stock Units, Beginning balance (in shares) | shares	0
Restricted Stock Units, Granted (in shares) | shares	963,054
Restricted Stock Units, Vested (in shares) | shares	(123,734)
Restricted Stock Units, Cancelled (in shares) | shares	(15,373)
Restricted Stock Units, Ending balance (in shares) | shares	823,947
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share)
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	78.94
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	66.92
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Cancelled (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	66.71
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 80.97

Equity Incentive Plans - Summ_5

Equity Incentive Plans - Summary Of Fair Value Of The ESPP (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected dividend	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	60.00%	40.00%	45.00%
Risk-free interest rate	0.30%	1.50%	2.70%
Expected term (in years)	5 years 3 months 18 days	5 years	5 years 3 months 18 days
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	71.00%	53.00%	46.00%
Risk-free interest rate	1.70%	2.50%	3.10%
Expected term (in years)	6 years 10 months 24 days	6 years 10 months 24 days	6 years 6 months
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility		52.00%
Risk-free interest rate		1.85%
Expected term (in years)		8 months 12 days
Expected dividend	0.00%	0.00%
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	45.00%
Risk-free interest rate	0.12%
Expected term (in years)	6 months
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	70.00%
Risk-free interest rate	0.15%
Expected term (in years)	1 year

Equity Incentive Plans - Record

Equity Incentive Plans - Recorded Stock-Based Compensation Expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 48,626	$ 13,333	$ 2,658
Cost of revenue
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	1,551	325	85
Research and development
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	19,623	5,721	1,030
Selling, general and administrative
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 27,452	$ 7,287	$ 1,543

Net Loss Per Share - Computatio

Net Loss Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (542,731)	$ (31,251)	$ (112,485)
Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted (in shares)	101,151,675	39,091,366	13,392,273
Net loss per share, basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (5.37)	$ (0.80)	$ (8.40)

Net Loss Per Share - Shares of

Net Loss Per Share - Shares of Common Stock Equivalents Were Excluded From The Computation of Diluted Net Loss Per Share (Detail) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	13,000,964	16,112,652	82,467,503
Convertible preferred stock (on an if-converted basis)
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	0	0	67,704,278
Stock-options to purchase common stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	11,860,844	15,918,243	14,264,376
Shares subject to repurchase
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	68,750	138,250	232,750
Restricted Stock Units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	823,947	0	0
Contingent restricted shares
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	236,484	0	0
Common stock warrants
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	0	0	266,099
Shares committed under ESPP
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	10,939	56,159	0

Subsequent Events (Details)

Subsequent Events (Details) - Tetramer Shop ApS - Subsequent Event $ in Millions	Jan. 08, 2021USD ($)
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Percentage of outstanding shares acquired	100.00%
Cash paid for acquisition	$ 10