10x Genomics (TXG) 10-K 15 Feb 24 2023 FY Annual report Financial data

Cover Page

Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Billions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Jan. 31, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Entity Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2023
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-39035
Entity Registrant Name	10x Genomics, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	45-5614458
Entity Address, Address Line One	6230 Stoneridge Mall Road
Entity Address, City or Town	Pleasanton
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	94588
City Area Code	(925)
Local Phone Number	401-7300
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A common stock, par value $0.00001 per share
Trading Symbol	TXG
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 5.7
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement relating to the registrant’s 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. Such Definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Entity Central Index Key	0001770787
Common Class A
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		105,109,711
Common Class B
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		14,056,833

Audit Information

Audit Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Audit Information [Abstract]
Auditor Firm ID	42
Auditor Name	Ernst & Young LLP
Auditor Location	San Jose, California

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 359,284	$ 219,746
Marketable securities	29,411	210,238
Restricted cash	0	2,633
Accounts receivable, net	114,832	104,211
Inventory	73,706	81,629
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	18,789	16,578
Total current assets	596,022	635,035
Property and equipment, net	279,571	289,328
Restricted cash	0	4,974
Operating lease right-of-use assets	65,361	69,882
Goodwill	4,511	4,511
Intangible assets, net	16,616	22,858
Other noncurrent assets	3,062	2,392
Total assets	965,143	1,028,980
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	15,738	21,599
Accrued compensation and related benefits	30,105	32,675
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	56,648	59,779
Deferred revenue	13,150	7,867
Operating lease liabilities	11,521	9,037
Total current liabilities	127,162	130,957
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	83,849	86,139
Deferred revenue, noncurrent	8,814	3,165
Other noncurrent liabilities	4,275	2,976
Total liabilities	224,100	223,237
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.00001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and 2022	0	0
Common stock, $0.00001 par value; 1,100,000,000 shares authorized (Class A 1,000,000,000, Class B 100,000,000); 119,095,362 (Class A 105,038,529, Class B 14,056,833) and 115,195,009 (Class A 96,527,754, Class B 18,667,255) shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively	2	2
Additional paid-in capital	2,025,890	1,839,397
Accumulated deficit	(1,284,420)	(1,029,321)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(429)	(4,335)
Total stockholders’ equity	741,043	805,743
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 965,143	$ 1,028,980

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Preferred Stock, Par Value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Preferred Stock, Shares Issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common Stock, Par Value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	1,100,000,000	1,100,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Issued (in shares)	119,095,362	115,195,009
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding (in shares)	119,095,362	115,195,009
Common Class A
Common Stock, Par Value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001
Common Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	1,000,000,000	1,000,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Issued (in shares)	105,038,529	96,527,754
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding (in shares)	105,038,529	96,527,754
Common Class B
Common Stock, Par Value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001
Common Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Issued (in shares)	14,056,833	18,667,255
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding (in shares)	14,056,833	18,667,255

Consolidated Statements of Oper

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 618,727	$ 516,409	$ 490,490
Cost of revenue	209,414	120,386	74,091
Gross profit	409,313	396,023	416,399
Operating expenses:
Research and development	270,332	265,667	211,752
In-process research and development	60,980	0	0
Selling, general and administrative	343,330	298,300	257,560
Accrued contingent liabilities	0	0	(660)
Total operating expenses	674,642	563,967	468,652
Loss from operations	(265,329)	(167,944)	(52,253)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	16,906	6,647	206
Interest expense	(33)	(476)	(866)
Other expense, net	(307)	(198)	(802)
Total other income (expense)	16,566	5,973	(1,462)
Loss before provision for income taxes	(248,763)	(161,971)	(53,715)
Provision for income taxes	6,336	4,029	4,508
Net loss	$ (255,099)	$ (166,000)	$ (58,223)
Net loss per share, basic (in dollars per share)	$ (2.18)	$ (1.46)	$ (0.53)
Net loss per share, diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (2.18)	$ (1.46)	$ (0.53)
Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per share, basic (in shares)	117,165,036	113,858,684	110,347,937
Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per share, diluted (in shares)	117,165,036	113,858,684	110,347,937

Consolidated Statements of Comp

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (255,099)	$ (166,000)	$ (58,223)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale marketable securities	2,210	(4,116)	0
Realized loss on available-for-sale marketable securities reclassified into net loss	1,718	0	0
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(22)	(241)	72
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	3,906	(4,357)	72
Comprehensive loss	$ (251,193)	$ (170,357)	$ (58,151)

Consolidated Statements of Stoc

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Common Class A	Common Class A Common Stock	Common Class A Additional Paid-in Capital
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020		108,485,909
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 739,072	$ 2	$ 1,544,218	$ (805,098)	$ (50)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of Class A common stock related to equity awards (in shares)							4,029,068
Issuance of Class A common stock related to equity awards						$ 40,325		$ 40,325
Vesting of shares subject to repurchase, including early exercised options	154		154
Stock-based compensation	96,168		96,168
Net loss	(58,223)			(58,223)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	72				72
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021		112,514,977
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021	817,568	$ 2	1,680,865	(863,321)	22
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of Class A common stock related to equity awards (in shares)							2,680,032
Issuance of Class A common stock related to equity awards						21,226		21,226
Vesting of shares subject to repurchase, including early exercised options	96		96
Stock-based compensation	137,210		137,210
Net loss	(166,000)			(166,000)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(4,357)				(4,357)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		115,195,009
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022	805,743	$ 2	1,839,397	(1,029,321)	(4,335)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of Class A common stock related to equity awards (in shares)							3,900,353
Issuance of Class A common stock related to equity awards						$ 19,483		$ 19,483
Stock-based compensation	167,010		167,010
Net loss	(255,099)			(255,099)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	3,906				3,906
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		119,095,362
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 741,043	$ 2	$ 2,025,890	$ (1,284,420)	$ (429)

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Operating activities:
Net loss	$ (255,099)	$ (166,000)	$ (58,223)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock-based compensation expense	166,950	136,848	95,962
Depreciation and amortization	35,512	25,368	21,118
Asset impairment charges	9,845	0	0
Amortization of right-of-use assets	8,107	7,638	7,136
Realized loss on marketable securities	1,718	0	0
Other	427	1,957	79
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(10,613)	(18,948)	(34,041)
Inventory	7,871	(21,192)	(30,132)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(2,429)	(4,495)	(1,053)
Other noncurrent assets	(678)	925	1,045
Accounts payable	(6,017)	5,858	11,084
Accrued compensation and other related benefits	(2,637)	1,114	16,337
Deferred revenue	10,932	3,350	1,535
Accrued contingent liabilities	0	0	(44,173)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	28,301	3,336	(873)
Operating lease liability	(8,671)	(6,423)	(2,469)
Other noncurrent liabilities	1,284	(2,942)	(4,705)
Net cash used in operating activities	(15,197)	(33,606)	(21,373)
Investing activities:
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities	100,191	49,117	0
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities	82,825	18,528	0
Purchases of property and equipment	(48,601)	(131,661)	(101,278)
Purchase of intangible assets	(923)	0	0
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired	0	(4,000)	(5,451)
Purchase of marketable securities	0	(282,871)	0
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	133,492	(350,887)	(106,729)
Financing activities:
Payments on technology license financing arrangement	(5,814)	(5,409)	(5,028)
Issuance of common stock from exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan purchases	19,483	21,226	40,325
Net cash provided by financing activities	13,669	15,817	35,297
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(33)	(44)	234
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	131,931	(368,720)	(92,571)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year	227,353	596,073	688,644
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of year	359,284	227,353	596,073
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	436	841	1,222
Cash paid for taxes	4,927	3,925	8,660
Noncash investing and financing activities
Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities	3,324	26,750	16,972
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	6,518	16,562	21,284
Contingent consideration payable related to business acquisition	$ 0	$ 0	$ 1,500

Description of Business and Bas

Description of Business and Basis of Presentation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Description of Business and Basis of Presentation	Description of Business and Basis of Presentation Organization and Description of Business 10x Genomics, Inc. (the “Company”) is a life sciences technology company focused on building innovative products and solutions to interrogate, understand and master biological systems at resolution and scale that matches the complexity of biology. The Company’s integrated solutions include the Company’s Chromium X Series and Chromium Connect instruments, which the Company refers to as “Chromium instruments,” the Company's Visium CytAssist and Xenium Analyzer instruments, which the Company refers to as “Spatial instruments,” and the Company’s proprietary microfluidic chips, slides, reagents and other consumables for the Company’s Chromium, Visium and Xenium solutions, which the Company refers to as “consumables.” The Company bundles its software with these products to guide customers through the workflow, from sample preparation through analysis and visualization. The Company was incorporated in the state of Delaware in July 2012 and began commercial and manufacturing operations and selling its instruments and consumables in 2015. The Company is headquartered in Pleasanton, California and has wholly-owned subsidiaries in Asia, Europe, Oceania and North America. Basis of Presentation

Summary of Significant Accounti

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, disclosure of contingent liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenue and expense. These judgments, estimates and assumptions are used for, but not limited to, revenue recognition, inventory valuation and write-downs, accounting for asset and business acquisitions and the valuation of stock-based compensation awards. The Company bases its estimates on various factors and information, which may include, but are not limited to, history and prior experience, the Company’s forecasts and future plans, current economic conditions and information from third-party professionals that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities and recorded amounts of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. To the extent there are material differences between the Company’s estimates and the actual results, the Company’s future consolidated results of operation may be affected. Segment Information The Company operates as a single operating segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker, its Chief Executive Officer, manages the Company’s operations on a consolidated basis for the purposes of allocating resources, making operating decisions and evaluating financial performance. Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of amounts invested in money market funds and are stated at fair value. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Cash and cash equivalents $ 359,284 $ 219,746 $ 587,447 Restricted cash — 7,607 8,626 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 359,284 $ 227,353 $ 596,073 Marketable Securities The Company designates investments in debt securities as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale debt securities with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase are classified within cash and cash equivalents. Available-for-sale debt securities with original maturities longer than three months are available to fund current operations and are classified as marketable securities, within current assets on the balance sheet. Available-for-sale debt securities are reported at fair value with the related unrealized gains and losses included in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss," a component of stockholders’ equity, net of tax. Realized gains (losses) on the sale of marketable securities are determined using the specific-identification method and recorded in “Other expense, net,” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The available-for-sale debt securities are subject to a periodic impairment review. For investments in an unrealized loss position, the Company determines whether a credit loss exists by considering information about the collectability of the instrument, current market conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions. The Company recognizes an allowance for credit losses, up to the amount of the unrealized loss when appropriate, and writes down the amortized cost basis of the investment if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required or will intend to sell the investment before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Allowances for credit losses and write-downs are recognized in “Other expense, net,” and unrealized losses not related to credit losses are recognized in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.” There are no allowances for credit losses for the periods presented. As of December 31, 2023, the gross unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities are related to market interest rate changes and not attributable to credit. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Cash equivalents are comprised of money market funds which are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. Assets recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the balance sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair values. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements as follows: Level 1 - Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date; Level 2 - Inputs are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities; and Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities that are supported by little or no market data. The Company’s financial instruments consist of Level 1 and Level 2 assets. Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified as Level 1. Money market funds are classified as Level 1. Level 2 assets consist primarily of corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, commercial paper, U.S. Government Treasury and agency securities, and debt securities in government-sponsored entities based upon quoted market prices for similar movements in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant inputs are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets. Where applicable, these models project future cash flows and discount the future amounts to a present value using market-based observable inputs obtained from various third party-data providers, including but not limited to, benchmark yields, interest rate curves, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes and reference data. Accounts Receivable, Net Accounts receivable consist of amounts due from customers for the sales of products and services. The Company reviews its accounts receivable and provides allowances of specific amounts if collectability is no longer reasonably assured based on historical experience and specific customer collection issues. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $0.1 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Business Concentrations The Company’s instruments are mostly assembled and tested by third party contract manufacturers in Asia and the United States. The Company’s agreement with the contract manufacturers contains purchase commitments. In addition, the Company is reliant on several suppliers for key components for its reagent kits. A significant disruption in the operations of the contract manufacturers or suppliers may impact the production of the Company’s products for a substantial period of time, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations. Concentrations Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash equivalents, marketable securities (as described in this footnote under the header “Marketable Securities” above) and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents held with large financial institutions in the United States and deposits exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s insurance limit. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the risks associated with its investments and the relative credit standing of these financial institutions. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. The Company does not require collateral from its customers but may require upfront payments from certain customers. The Company has not experienced material credit losses to date. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, no single customer represented more than 10% of revenue. As of December 31, 2022, one of the Company's distributors accounted for 11% of the Company’s outstanding accounts receivable. No customer or distributor represented more than 10% of the Company’s outstanding accounts receivable as of December 31, 2023 or 2021. Substantially all the Company’s long-lived assets are located in the United States. Inventory Inventory is recorded at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or net realizable value. The Company uses judgment to analyze and determine if the composition of its inventory is obsolete, slow-moving, unsalable or otherwise carried above the net realizable value and frequently reviews such determinations. The Company writes down specifically identified unusable, obsolete, slow-moving or known unsalable inventory and inventory otherwise carried above the net realizable value in the period that it is first recognized by using a number of factors including product expiration dates, open and unfulfilled orders and sales forecasts. Net realizable value is determined using the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. Any write-down of its inventory to net realizable value establishes a new cost basis and will be maintained even if certain circumstances suggest that the inventory is recoverable in subsequent periods. Costs associated with the write-down of inventory are recorded to cost of revenue on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception by assessing whether the arrangement contains an identified asset and whether it has the right to control the identified asset. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of future lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets are based on the measurement of the lease liability and also include any lease payments made prior to or on lease commencement and exclude lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred, as applicable. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of future lease payments. The Company gives consideration to its credit risk, term of the lease and total lease payments and adjusts for the impacts of collateral, as necessary, when calculating its incremental borrowing rates. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when the Company is reasonably certain it will exercise such options. Lease costs for the Company’s operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis within operating expenses and costs of goods sold over the reasonably assured lease term. The Company evaluates ROU assets related to leases for indicators of impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an ROU asset may not be recoverable. When a decision has been made to sublease that space, the Company evaluates the asset for impairment and recognize the associated impact to the ROU asset and related expense, if applicable. The evaluation is performed at the lowest level of identifiable cash flows for an asset group. Undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the related ROU assets are estimated over the ROU assets’ useful lives. If the evaluation indicates that the carrying amount of the ROU assets may not be recoverable, any potential impairment is measured based upon the fair value of the related ROU asset or asset group as determined by appropriate valuation techniques. Refer to Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies - Lease Agreements, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further details. The Company has elected to not separate lease and non-lease components for any leases within its existing classes of assets and, as a result, accounts for any lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. The Company has also elected to not apply the recognition requirement to any leases within its existing classes of assets with a term of 12 months or less. Internal-Use Software The Company capitalizes costs incurred to develop internal-use software within property and equipment, net and capitalizes costs to develop hosting arrangements within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation and post implementation stages of the project are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application development stage of the project are capitalized. These costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset. Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the following assets: Useful Life (Years) Building 10 - 40 Laboratory equipment and machinery 3 - 5 Computer equipment 2 - 5 Furniture and fixtures 3 Leasehold improvements 1 - 10 Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company evaluates long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. If indicators of impairment exist and the undiscounted future cash flows that the assets are expected to generate are less than the carrying value of the assets, the Company reduces the carrying amount of the assets to their estimated fair values based on a discounted cash flow approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. The Company recorded impairment charges of $4.6 million primarily relating to intangible assets during the year ended December 31, 2023. There were no impairment losses recorded for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Refer to Note 5, Other Financial Statement Information - Intangible Assets, Net, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further details. Product Warranties The Company generally provides a one-year warranty on its instruments. The Company reviews its exposure to estimated warranty obligations associated with instrument sales and establishes an accrual based on historical product failure rates and actual warranty costs incurred. This expense is recorded as a component of cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. Deferred Revenue Deferred revenue consists of payments received in advance of revenue recognition primarily related to instrument service agreements, also referred to as extended warranties. Revenue under these agreements is recognized over the related service period. Deferred revenue expected to be recognized during the 12 months following the balance sheet date is recorded as current portion of deferred revenue and the remaining portion is recorded as long-term. Revenue Recognition The Company generates revenue from sales of products and services, and its products consist of instruments and consumables. Revenue from product sales is recognized when control of the product is transferred, which is generally upon shipment to the customer. Instrument service agreements, which relate to extended warranties, are typically entered into for one-year terms, following the expiration of the standard one-year warranty period. Revenue for extended warranties is recognized ratably over the term of the extended warranty period as a stand ready performance obligation. Revenue is recorded net of discounts, distributor commissions and sales taxes collected on behalf of governmental authorities. Customers are invoiced generally upon shipment, or upon order for services, and payment is typically due within 30 days. Cash received from customers in advance of product shipment or providing services is recorded as a contract liability. The Company’s contracts with its customers generally do not include rights of return or a significant financing component. The Company regularly enters into contracts that include various combinations of products and services which are generally distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation in proportion to its standalone selling price. The Company determines standalone selling price using average selling prices with consideration of current market conditions. If the product or service has no history of sales or if the sales volume is not sufficient, the Company relies upon prices set by management, adjusted for applicable discounts. Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue primarily consists of manufacturing costs incurred in the production process, including personnel and related costs, component materials, labor and overhead, packaging and delivery costs and allocated costs including facilities and information technology. In addition, cost of product revenue includes royalty costs for licensed technologies included in the Company’s products, warranty costs and provisions for slow-moving and obsolete inventory. Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling charged to customers are recorded as revenue. Shipping and handling costs are included in the Company’s cost of revenue. Research and Development Research and development costs are expensed in the period incurred. Research and development expense consists of personnel and related costs, independent contractor costs, laboratory supplies, equipment maintenance, prototype and materials expenses, amortization of developed technology and intangibles and allocated costs including facilities and information technology. See Note 4 for discussion of in-process research and development included in the consolidated statements of operations. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. The Company incurred advertising costs of $3.3 million, $3.7 million and $4.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation The Company’s stock-based compensation expense relates to stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), market-based performance stock awards ("PSAs") including performance stock options and performance RSUs granted pursuant to equity incentive plans and stock purchase rights under an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). Stock-based compensation expense for its stock-based awards is based on their grant date fair value. The Company determines the fair value of RSUs based on the closing price of its stock, which is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, at the date of the grant (or on the most recent trading day prior to grant, if the date of grant is not a trading day). The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards under an equity incentive plan and stock purchase rights under an ESPP on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair values of stock-based awards excluding PSAs are recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in which the awards are expected to vest and forfeitures are recognized as they occur. The Black-Scholes model considers several variables and assumptions in estimating the fair value of stock-based awards. These variables include the per share fair value of the underlying common stock, exercise price, expected term, risk-free interest rate, expected annual dividend yield and the expected stock price volatility over the expected term. The Company calculated the expected term using the simplified method, which is the mid-point between the vesting and contractual term. Due to the short trading period of the Company's stock, the Company has estimated volatility by reference to the historical volatilities of the Company and that of similar publicly traded peer companies. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues similar in duration to the expected term of the equity-settled award. For PSAs, the Company derives the valuation of the award and the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award using a Monte Carlo simulation model and the related compensation expense is recognized over the derived service period using the accelerated attribution method commencing on the grant date. The derived service period is the median duration of the successful stock price paths to meet the respective escalating stock price thresholds as simulated in the Monte Carlo valuation model which uses assumptions such as volatility, risk-free interest rate, cost of equity and dividend estimated for the performance period of the PSAs. If the related market condition is achieved earlier than its estimated derived service period, the stock-based compensation expense will be accelerated, and a cumulative catch-up expense will be recorded during the period in which the market condition is met. Foreign Currency For foreign subsidiaries where the functional currency is the local currency, assets and liabilities are translated to the U.S. dollar using month-end exchange rates, and revenue and expenses using average exchange rates. The adjustments resulting from these foreign currency translations are recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.” For entities where the functional currency is the U.S. dollar, monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dates and non-monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured at historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are remeasured at the average exchange rates for the period. Gains or losses from foreign currency remeasurement are included in “Other expense, net” in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognized foreign currency transaction gains of $1.2 million and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and foreign currency transaction losses of $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, respectively. Income Taxes The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, in which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company’s tax positions are subject to income tax audits. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, based on the technical merits. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is more likely than not (greater than 50% likely) to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its tax provision. The Company calculates the current and deferred income tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that could differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed in subsequent years. Adjustments based on filed income tax returns are recorded when identified. The amount of income tax paid is subject to examination by U.S. and foreign tax authorities. The estimate of the potential outcome of any uncertain tax issue is subject to management’s assessment of the relevant risks, facts and circumstances existing at that time. To the extent the assessment of such tax position changes, the change in estimate is recorded in the period in which the determination is made. Net Loss Per Share Net loss per share is computed using the two-class method required for multiple classes of common stock and participating securities. The rights, including the liquidation and dividend rights and sharing of losses, of the Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, other than voting rights. As the liquidation and dividend rights and sharing of losses are identical, the undistributed earnings are allocated on a proportionate basis and the resulting net loss per share will, therefore, be the same for both Class A and Class B common stock on an individual or combined basis. Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, adjusted for outstanding shares that are subject to repurchase. For the calculation of diluted net loss per share, basic net loss per share is adjusted by the effect of dilutive securities including awards under the Company’s equity compensation plans. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. For periods in which the Company reports net losses, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share because potentially dilutive shares of common stock are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive. Acquisitions The Company evaluates acquisitions of assets and other similar transactions to assess whether or not the transaction should be accounted for as a business combination or asset acquisition by first applying a screen to determine if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets. If the screen is met, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition. If the screen is not met, further determination is required as to whether or not the Company has acquired inputs and processes that have the ability to create outputs which would meet the requirements of a business in which case the transaction is accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date, and that the fair value of acquired intangibles be recorded on the balance sheet. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred. Any excess of the purchase price over the assigned fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized, rather assessed, at least annually, for impairment at a reporting unit level. During the goodwill impairment review, the Company assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, including goodwill. The qualitative factors include, but are not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations and overall financial performance. If, after assessing the totality of these qualitative factors, the Company determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, then no additional assessment is deemed necessary. Otherwise, the Company proceeds to compare the estimated fair values of the reporting unit with the carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying amounts of the reporting unit exceed the fair value, the Company records an impairment loss based on the difference. The Company accounts for asset acquisitions under ASC, Business Combinations Topic 805, Subtopic 50 , which requires the acquiring entity in an asset acquisition to recognize net assets based on the cost to the acquiring entity on a relative fair value basis, which includes transaction costs in addition to consideration given. In-process research and development expense is expensed as incurred provided there is no alternative future use. Contingent consideration payments in asset acquisitions are recognized when the contingency is resolved and the consideration is paid or becomes payable. Upon recognition of the contingent consideration payment, the amount is included in the cost of the acquired asset or group of assets.

Restructuring

Restructuring	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Restructuring	Restructuring On December 7, 2023, the Company committed to a restructuring plan related to the closure of one of its research and development facilities resulting in restructuring charges of $2.5 million associated with this plan, comprised primarily of long-lived assets impairment costs and one-time employee termination benefits which were recorded during the year ended December 31, 2023. Restructuring costs of $2.5 million were recorded in research and development and general and administrative expenses during the year ended December 31, 2023 in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The restructuring activities are expected to be substantially complete by the end of the first half of 2024. On August 3, 2022, the Company implemented a reduction in force plan in order to decrease costs and maintain a streamlined organization to support the business. Restructuring charges of $4.2 million associated with this plan, comprised primarily of severance-related costs, were recorded during the year ended December 31, 2022. Restructuring costs of $0.3 million, $1.4 million and $2.5 million were recorded in cost of revenue, research and development expense, and selling, general and administrative expense, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2022 in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The restructuring activities were substantially completed as of December 31, 2022. The following table is a summary of restructuring costs related to the Company’s restructuring activities as of December 31, 2023 (in thousands): Termination Benefits Costs Long-lived Assets Impairment Expenses Total Balance at January 1, 2022 $ — $ — $ — Restructuring charge 4,216 — 4,216 Cash payments made (3,385) — (3,385) Non-cash charge (616) (616) Balance at December 31, 2022 215 — 215 Restructuring charge 310 2,171 2,481 Cash payments made (215) — (215) Non-cash charge — (2,171) (2,171) Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 310 $ — $ 310

Acquisitions

Acquisitions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]
Acquisitions	Acquisitions 2023 Acquisition On January 28, 2023, the Company signed an agreement to acquire certain intangible and other assets from Centrillion Technologies, Inc. and Centrillion Technology Holdings Corp. for an upfront cash payment of $10.0 million relating to an intellectual property license. Upon the close of the transaction on July 14, 2023, the Company paid additional cash consideration of $10.0 million upon acquiring the assets. Under the agreement, the Company is obligated to provide additional cash consideration if certain technology development milestones are met. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had paid $21.3 million relating to the completion of development milestones. The Company paid an additional $20.0 million in January 2024 in relation to a development milestone which was accrued in the Company's consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2023. Up to $15.0 million of cash consideration is due if an additional technology development milestone is met. Furthermore, the Company expects to pay cash consideration tied to future sales milestones if such milestones are met. The transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition. In connection with this acquisition and milestone payments, the Company acquired an in-process research and development intangible asset of $61.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 which did not have alternative future use and therefore was recognized as an expense and included as a component of “In-process research and development” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company also acquired an intangible asset of $0.2 million related to assembled workforce which is included in “Intangible assets, net” in the consolidated balance sheets. The following table summarizes the value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands): Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed In-process research and development $ 60,980 Intangible assets - acquired workforce 200 Property and equipment 671 Operating lease liabilities (1,496) Other assets and liabilities, net 758 Total net assets acquired $ 61,113 2021 Acquisition Tetramer Shop Acquisition On January 8, 2021 (the "acquisition date"), the Company purchased 100% of the outstanding shares of Tetramer Shop ApS (“Tetramer Shop”), a privately held company based in Copenhagen, Denmark, for a total cash consideration of $8.5 million, net of cash acquired of $0.2 million and including $1.5 million of fair value of contingent consideration. The contingent consideration was recorded as a liability on the acquisition date and was paid in 2022 upon the successful completion of the transfer of Tetramer Shop's technology. Tetramer Shop was a life sciences technology company which developed and provided reagents for precise monitoring of antigen-specific T-cells in research and development. The Company acquired Tetramer Shop for its expertise in building empty, loadable major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. The acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, with Tetramer Shop treated as the acquiree. The acquired assets, including identified intangible assets, and liabilities were recorded at their respective fair values with an amount recorded to goodwill representing the difference between the acquisition consideration and the fair value of the identifiable net assets. The fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were based on management’s assumptions as of the reporting date. Our consolidated statements of operations include the financial results of Tetramer Shop subsequent to the acquisition date. Revenue related to Tetramer Shop since the acquisition date was included in our consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of assets acquired, including goodwill and intangibles, and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date were as follows (in thousands): Amount Cash and cash equivalents $ 224 Other assets acquired 83 Tangible assets acquired 307 Other liabilities assumed (652) Deferred tax liability - non-current (1,131) Total net tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed (1,476) Intangible assets 5,640 Goodwill 4,511 Net assets acquired $ 8,675 The intangible assets as of the acquisition date included (in thousands): Amount Weighted Average Useful Life (in years) Developed technology $ 5,500 10 Customer relationships 140 3 $ 5,640 The fair value of the intangible assets acquired in connection with the acquisition was determined using either the income or replacement cost methodologies. The developed technology and customer relationships were amortized over ten years and three years, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded impairment charges of $4.5 million, in general and administrative expenses, related to this acquired developed technology. The impairment charge was triggered by a decision to discontinue a product. Identifiable Intangible Assets Developed technology acquired primarily consists of existing technology related to developing reagents for precise monitoring of antigen-specific T-cells in research and development, enabling the Company to strengthen its efforts in immunology. The Company valued the developed technology using the multi-period excess earnings method under the income approach. Using this approach, the final fair values were calculated using expected future cash flows discounted to their net present values at an appropriate risk-adjusted rate of return. Goodwill The excess of purchase price over the fair value assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed represents the amount of goodwill resulting from the acquisition. The Company does not expect any portion of this goodwill to be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill attributable to the acquisition was recorded as a noncurrent asset and is not amortized but is subject to an annual review for impairment.

Other Financial Statement Infor

Other Financial Statement Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Other Financial Statement Information	Other Financial Statement Information Available-for-sale Securities Available-for-sale securities at December 31, 2023 consisted of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Fair Value Measurement Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 348,539 $ — $ — $ 348,539 $ 163,184 $ — $ — $ 163,184 Level 1 Marketable securities: Corporate debt securities 10,022 — (51) 9,971 153,794 4 (2,768) 151,030 Level 2 Government debt securities 18,152 — (125) 18,027 54,136 — (1,247) 52,889 Level 2 Asset-backed securities 1,425 — (12) 1,413 6,424 — (105) 6,319 Level 2 Total available-for-sale securities $ 378,138 $ — $ (188) $ 377,950 $ 377,538 $ 4 $ (4,120) $ 373,422 The contractual maturities of marketable securities as of December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands): Fair Value Due in one year or less $ 28,045 Due after one year to five years 1,366 $ 29,411 The company incurred gross realized losses of $1.7 million and no gross realized gains from the sale of available-for-sales debt securities during the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company incurred no material gross realized gains or losses from available-for-sales debt securities for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Realized gains (losses) on the sale of marketable securities are recorded in “Other expense, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The available-for-sale debt securities are subject to a periodic impairment review. For investments in an unrealized loss position, the Company determines whether a credit loss exists by considering information about the collectability of the instrument, current market conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions. The Company recognizes an allowance for credit losses, up to the amount of the unrealized loss when appropriate, and writes down the amortized cost basis of the investment if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required or will intend to sell the investment before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Allowances for credit losses and write-downs are recognized in “Other expense, net,” and unrealized losses not related to credit losses are recognized in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.” There are no allowances for credit losses for the periods presented. As of December 31, 2023, the gross unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities are related to market interest rate changes and not attributable to credit. Inventory Inventory was comprised of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Purchased materials $ 34,484 $ 34,497 Work in progress 21,975 24,650 Finished goods 17,247 22,482 Inventory $ 73,706 $ 81,629 Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Land $ 36,765 $ 36,780 Building 146,044 — Laboratory equipment and machinery 69,238 54,658 Computer equipment and software 16,379 12,565 Furniture and fixtures 10,979 9,642 Leasehold improvements 96,405 91,518 Construction in progress 7,252 152,995 Total property and equipment 383,062 358,158 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (103,491) (68,830) Property and equipment, net $ 279,571 $ 289,328 Depreciation expense was $32.9 million, $22.8 million and $18.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Intangible Assets, Net Intangible assets, net consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Remaining Useful Life in Years Gross Accumulated Intangibles, Gross Accumulated Intangibles, Technology licenses 10.7 $ 22,504 $ (6,546) $ 15,958 $ 22,504 $ (5,043) $ 17,461 Developed technology N/A — — — 5,500 (1,100) 4,400 Customer relationships 1.1 945 (789) 156 945 (563) 382 Assembled workforce 2.0 1,328 (826) 502 1,128 (513) 615 Intangible assets, net $ 24,777 $ (8,161) $ 16,616 $ 30,077 $ (7,219) $ 22,858 During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded impairment charges of $4.6 million related to its developed technology and assembled workforce. No impairment losses were recognized for intangible assets during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The estimated annual amortization of intangible assets for the next five years is shown below (in thousands): Estimated 2024 $ 1,865 2025 1,704 2026 1,509 2027 1,473 2028 1,473 Thereafter 8,592 Total $ 16,616 Actual amortization expense to be reported in future periods could differ from these estimates as a result of acquisitions, divestitures and asset impairments, among other factors. Accrued Compensation and Related Benefits Accrued compensation and related benefits were comprised of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Accrued payroll and related costs $ 2,262 $ 2,052 Accrued bonus 18,254 17,081 Accrued commissions 6,410 5,143 Accrued acquisition-related compensation — 5,470 Other 3,179 2,929 Accrued compensation and related benefits $ 30,105 $ 32,675 Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities Accrued expenses and other current liabilities were comprised of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Accrued purchase consideration $ 20,000 $ — Accrued legal and related costs 3,839 3,102 Accrued license fee — 6,231 Accrued royalties for licensed technologies 5,455 4,707 Accrued property and equipment 3,199 26,750 Accrued professional services 6,577 5,180 Product warranties 8,116 3,023 Taxes payable 5,049 4,079 Other 4,413 6,707 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 56,648 $ 59,779 Product Warranties Changes in the reserve for product warranties were as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Beginning of period $ 3,023 $ 994 Amounts charged to cost of revenue 10,701 5,708 Repairs and replacements (5,608) (3,679) End of period $ 8,116 $ 3,023 Revenue and Deferred Revenue As of December 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of remaining performance obligations related to separately sold extended warranty service agreements, or allocated amounts for extended warranty service agreements bundled with sales of instruments, was $22.0 million, of which approximately $13.1 million is expected to be recognized to revenue in the next 12 months, with the remainder thereafter. The contract liabilities of $22.0 million and $11.0 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, consisted of deferred revenue related to extended warranty service agreements. A summary of the change in contract liabilities is as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Beginning of period $ 11,032 $ 7,688 Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the year (6,588) (4,793) Revenue deferred excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period 17,520 8,137 End of period $ 21,964 $ 11,032 The following table represents revenue by source for the periods indicated (in thousands). Spatial products include the Company’s Visium and Xenium products: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Instruments Chromium $ 47,866 $ 58,552 $ 64,171 Spatial 75,605 13,844 303 Total instruments revenue 123,471 72,396 64,474 Consumables Chromium 420,316 400,433 390,883 Spatial 59,237 35,155 27,857 Total consumables revenue 479,553 435,588 418,740 Services 15,703 8,425 7,276 Total revenue $ 618,727 $ 516,409 $ 490,490 The following table presents revenue by geography based on the location of the customer for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Americas United States $ 360,091 $ 284,987 $ 258,274 Americas (excluding United States) 13,101 8,791 6,714 Total Americas 373,192 293,778 264,988 Europe, Middle East and Africa 142,276 117,068 108,491 Asia-Pacific China¹ 50,965 64,356 77,899 Asia-Pacific (excluding China) 52,294 41,207 39,112 Total Asia-Pacific 103,259 105,563 117,011 Total Revenue $ 618,727 $ 516,409 $ 490,490 1 Includes Hong Kong effective from the fiscal year of 2023. Comparative periods have been adjusted for this inclusion.

Income Tax

Income Tax	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Tax	Income Tax Income (loss) before provision for income taxes were as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 United States $ (263,292) $ (172,038) $ (73,070) International 14,529 10,067 19,355 Total $ (248,763) $ (161,971) $ (53,715) The provision for income taxes consisted of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Current provision: Federal $ 351 $ — $ — State 180 533 50 Foreign 6,252 3,360 5,148 Total current provision for income taxes 6,783 3,893 5,198 Deferred provision: Federal — — — State — — — Foreign (447) 136 (690) Total deferred provision for income taxes (447) 136 (690) Provision for income taxes $ 6,336 $ 4,029 $ 4,508 A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax provision to the effective income tax provision is as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Income tax provision at federal statutory rate $ (52,240) $ (34,014) $ (11,280) State taxes, net of federal benefit (14,831) (11,782) (20,136) Tax credits (14,551) (9,028) (11,836) Foreign taxes 3,888 1,522 142 Stock-based compensation 2,422 5,812 (78,852) Change in valuation allowance 79,551 50,077 126,386 Acquisition related expenses 2,296 — (793) Other (199) 1,442 877 Total provision for income taxes $ 6,336 $ 4,029 $ 4,508 Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences between amounts recorded for financial reporting purposes and amounts used for tax purposes. The major components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Deferred tax assets Net operating loss carryforwards $ 166,607 $ 175,018 Research and development tax credits 89,521 69,271 Accruals and reserves 10,610 7,116 Operating lease liability 22,000 21,873 Intangibles 39,117 39,061 Stock-based compensation 24,342 20,910 Capitalized research and development 1 108,255 49,462 Total deferred tax assets 460,452 382,711 Valuation allowance (443,074) (364,263) Net deferred tax assets $ 17,378 $ 18,448 Deferred tax liabilities Property and equipment (2,609) (4,046) Operating right-of-use assets $ (14,975) $ (15,054) Total deferred tax liabilities $ (17,584) $ (19,100) Net deferred tax liabilities $ (206) $ (652) 1 Effective beginning January 1, 2022, under the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, our research and development expenditures were capitalized and amortized. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company maintained a full valuation allowance on its U.S. net deferred tax assets. The U.S. deferred tax assets predominantly relate to operating losses, tax credits and capitalized R&D intangibles. The U.S. valuation allowance was estimated based on an assessment of both positive and negative evidence to determine whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets are recoverable. Such assessment is required on a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction basis. The Company’s history of cumulative losses, along with expected future U.S. losses, required that a full valuation allowance be recorded against all U.S. net deferred tax assets. The Company intends to maintain a full valuation allowance on U.S. net deferred tax assets until sufficient positive evidence exists to support a reversal of the valuation allowance. The valuation allowance increased by $78.8 million and by $51.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had federal net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards of $672.3 million and federal tax credit carryforwards of $77.3 million. The federal NOL carryforwards generated after December 31, 2017 totaling $665.9 million are carried forward indefinitely, while all others, along with the federal tax credit carryforwards, expire in years beginning in 2033. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had state NOL carryforwards of $412.2 million, which begin to expire in 2033. In addition, the Company had state tax credit carryforwards of $58.5 million, which do not expire. The federal and state NOL and tax credit carryforwards are subject to change of ownership limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code and similar state provisions. In general, if the Company experiences a greater than 50 percentage point aggregate change in ownership over a 3-year period (a “Section 382 ownership change”), utilization of its pre-change NOL and credit carryforwards are subject to an annual limitation. The Company completed a study through September 30, 2023 and determined that a Section 382 ownership change occurred in 2013. As a result, the Company’s NOLs generated through November 1, 2013 may be subject to limitation under Section 382 of the Code. The amount of pre-change NOL carryforwards which may be subject to this limitation is $4.8 million. In addition, certain attributes are subject to annual limitations as a result of the Company’s acquisition of ReadCoor, Inc. in 2020, which constituted a change in ownership as defined under Section 382. Such limitations may result in expiration of a portion of the carryforwards before utilization. The Company’s ability to use NOL or tax credit carryforwards to reduce future taxable income and liabilities may be further limited as a result of future changes in stock ownership. As a result, if the Company generates taxable income, its ability to use pre-change NOL or tax credit carryforwards to offset U. S. federal and state taxable income may still be subject to limitations, which could potentially result in increased future tax liability. The total balance of unrecognized gross tax benefits resulting primarily from research and development tax credits claimed on the Company’s annual tax returns were as follows (in thousands): 2023 2022 Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year $ 31,755 $ 23,759 Reductions based on prior year tax provisions — (380) Additions based on prior year tax provisions 3,511 2,474 Additions based on current year tax provisions 10,447 5,902 Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year $ 45,713 $ 31,755 The total amount of unrecognized gross tax benefits was $45.7 million and $31.8 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, of which $2.7 million and $2.4 million, if recognized, would affect our effective tax rate, respectively. The Company is subject to the examination of its income tax returns by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and other domestic and foreign tax authorities. The United States, California, and Sweden are considered as major jurisdictions. The Company has not been audited in such jurisdictions. Tax examinations are expected to focus primarily on research and development tax credits and intercompany transfer pricing practices. Due to NOLs and tax credit carryforwards, as of December 31, 2023, federal and California income tax returns for the years ended 2012 through the current period are open to examination. Significant foreign income tax returns for the years 2019 through the current period are open to examination. Due to the number of years remaining that are subject to examination, the Company is unable to estimate the full range of possible adjustments to the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits. It is reasonably possible that the Company's unrecognized tax benefits will change significantly over the next 12 months, likely due to increases related to research and development tax credits. For U.S. uncertain tax positions, due to a full valuation allowance, such liabilities have been netted against deferred tax attribute carryovers. As a result, if recognized, the unrecognized tax benefits would not materially impact income tax expense. The Company includes interest and penalties related to income tax matters within the provision for income taxes. As of December 31, 2023, the total amount of gross interest and penalties accrued was $0.9 million. The Company recognized interest and penalty expenses of $0.5 million in 2023. The Company maintained undistributed earnings overseas as of December 31, 2023 and the Company believed the funds held by all non-U.S. subsidiaries will be permanently reinvested outside of the U.S. However, if these funds were repatriated to the U.S. or used for U.S. operations, the Company may be subject to withholding taxes in the foreign countries. As a result of tax reform, the Company’s unrepatriated earnings are no longer subject to federal income tax in the U.S. when distributed.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Indemnification From time to time, the Company has entered into indemnification provisions under certain agreements in the ordinary course of business, typically with business partners, customers and suppliers. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company may indemnify, hold harmless and agree to reimburse the indemnified parties on a case-by-case basis for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified parties in connection with any patent or other intellectual property infringement claim by any third party with respect to the Company’s products. The Company maintains product liability insurance coverage that would generally enable it to recover a portion of the amounts paid. The Company has also agreed to indemnify its directors and executive officers for costs associated with any fees, expenses, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by them in any action or proceeding to which any of them are, or are threatened to be, made a party by reason of their service as a director or officer (see “—Litigation” below). The Company also may be subject to indemnification obligations by law with respect to the actions of its employees under certain circumstances and in certain jurisdictions. Non-cancelable Purchase Commitments The Company’s contract manufacturers make advance purchases of components based on the instrument unit forecasts and purchase orders placed by the Company. To the extent these components are purchased by a contract manufacturer on the Company’s behalf and cannot be used by their other customers, the Company is obligated to purchase these components. In addition, certain supplier agreements require that the Company to make minimum annual purchases under the agreements. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has commitments to make a total of $13.0 million in purchases over the next two years. To date, the Company has met the minimum purchase commitments. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has entered into non-cancelable arrangements for subscription software services to make payments aggregating to $20.5 million over the next six years. Intellectual Property Licensing In July 2021, the Company entered into a global settlement and patent cross license agreement with Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. pursuant to which both parties granted each other a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-bearing license to develop products and services related to single cell analysis. Each company shall pay to the other royalties from licensed products and licensed services through 2030. The minimum commitments related to the Company's license arrangements aggregate to $14.6 million as of December 31, 2023 to be paid over the next 15 years. Lease Agreements The Company leases office, laboratory, manufacturing, distribution and server space with lease terms up to 10 years. These leases require monthly lease payments that may be subject to annual increases throughout the lease term. Certain of these leases also include renewal options at the election of the Company to renew or extend the lease. The Company evaluates renewal options at lease inception and on an ongoing basis and includes renewal options that it is reasonably certain to exercise in its expected lease terms when classifying leases and measuring lease liabilities. On November 6, 2020, the Company entered into a Master Lease Agreement ("MLA") to lease additional office building space near the Company's Pleasanton, California headquarters. All of the components of the MLA have commenced and are expected to terminate on June 30, 2033. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred $13.6 million, $13.1 million and $10.5 million, respectively, of operating lease costs and $0.2 million, $0.4 million and $0.6 million, respectively, of variable lease costs. The variable lease cost is comprised primarily of the Company’s proportionate share of operating expenses, property taxes and insurance and is classified as lease cost due to the Company’s election to not separate lease and non-lease components. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $15.2 million, $12.1 million and $6.2 million, respectively, and were included in net cash used in operating activities in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows. The payments due under of the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2023 are as follows (in thousands): Operating Leases 2024 $ 16,719 2025 14,884 2026 15,438 2027 15,639 2028 15,793 Thereafter 40,720 Total lease payments $ 119,193 Less: imputed interest (23,823) Present value of operating lease liabilities $ 95,370 Operating lease liabilities, current $ 11,521 Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent 83,849 Total operating lease liabilities $ 95,370 The following table summarizes additional information related to operating leases as of December 31, 2023: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Weighted-average remaining lease term: Operating leases 7.5 years 8.1 years Weighted-average discount rate: Operating leases 5.9 % 5.5 % During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company made the decision to vacate some of its leased office space for the remaining lease term, sublease certain portions of the vacated office space and to terminate additional leased office space. In connection with these actions, the Company recognized an aggregate $4.9 million of impairment losses associated with these long-lived assets of which $2.1 million was classified in research and development, and $2.8 million was classified in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of operations. Litigation The Company is regularly subject to lawsuits, claims, arbitration proceedings, administrative actions and other legal and regulatory proceedings involving intellectual property disputes, commercial disputes, competition and other matters, and the Company may become subject to additional types of lawsuits, claims, arbitration proceedings, administrative actions, government investigations and legal and regulatory proceedings in the future. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has concluded that a loss is not probable and a contingent liability has not been recorded. NanoString On May 6, 2021, the Company filed suit against NanoString Technologies, Inc. (“NanoString”) in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that NanoString’s GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler and associated instruments and reagents infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 10,472,669, 10,662,467, 10,961,566, 10,983,113 and 10,996,219 (the “GeoMx Action”). On May 19, 2021, the Company filed an amended complaint additionally alleging that the GeoMx products infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 11,001,878 and 11,008,607. On May 4, 2022, the Company filed an amended complaint in the GeoMx Action additionally alleging that the GeoMx products infringe U.S. Patent No. 11,293,917 and withdrawing the Company’s claims of infringement of U.S. Patent No. 10,662,467. The Company is seeking, among other relief, injunctive relief and unspecified damages (including attorneys’ fees) in relation to NanoString’s making, using, selling, offering to sell, exporting and/or importing in the United States the GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler and associated instruments and reagents. NanoString filed its answer to the GeoMx Action on May 18, 2022. A Markman hearing was held on February 17, 2023 and the Court issued its claim construction order on February 28, 2023. On September 7, 2023, the Court issued an order granting the Company’s motion for summary judgment that the asserted patents are not invalid for indefiniteness and denying NanoString’s motion for summary judgment that the asserted patents are invalid for indefiniteness and lack of written description. On November 17, 2023, a jury found that NanoString willfully infringed the asserted patents and that the asserted patents are valid. The jury awarded the Company more than $31 million in damages, consisting of approximately $25 million in lost profits and approximately $6 million in royalties. Post-trial motions, including the Company’s motions for a permanent injunction, ongoing royalties, enhanced damages, attorneys’ fees and pre- and post-judgment interest, are pending. NanoString filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the U.S. bankruptcy court in Delaware on February 4, 2024, and the Court’s consideration of these post-trial motions is currently stayed due to the bankruptcy filing. Due to the uncertainties in collecting the jury award, the Company has not recorded a receivable from NanoString as of December 31, 2023. On February 28, 2022, the Company filed a second suit against NanoString in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that NanoString’s CosMx Spatial Molecular Imager and associated instruments, reagents and services infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 10,227,639 and 11,021,737 (the “CosMx Action”). On May 12, 2022, the Company filed an amended complaint in the CosMx Action additionally alleging that the CosMx products additionally infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 11,293,051, 11,293,052 and 11,293,054. NanoString filed its answer to the CosMx Action on May 26, 2022. On March 1, 2023, the Company filed a second amended complaint additionally alleging that the CosMx products infringe U.S. Patent No. 11,542,554. The Company is seeking, among other relief, injunctive relief and unspecified damages (including attorneys’ fees) in relation to NanoString’s making, using, selling, offering to sell, exporting and/or importing in the United States the CosMx Spatial Molecular Imager and associated instruments, reagents and services. NanoString filed its answer to the second amended complaint on March 22, 2023. Discovery is in progress. A Markman hearing was held on January 10, 2024, and the Court issued its claim construction order on February 1, 2024. Trial is scheduled for September 2024. This litigation is currently stayed due to NanoString’s bankruptcy filing. On August 16, 2022, NanoString filed a counterclaim in the CosMx Action alleging that the Company’s Visium products infringe U.S. Patent No. 11,377,689 (the “689 patent”). The Company filed its answer to NanoString’s counterclaim in the CosMx Action on August 30, 2022. On November 23, 2022, the Company moved to sever claims relating to NanoString’s assertion of the 689 patent and consolidate those claims with the patent case NanoString filed against the Company on October 20, 2022 (discussed below). On January 24, 2023, the Court granted the Company’s motion. On May 1, 2023, NanoString filed a motion in the CosMx Action to add antitrust, unfair competition, tort, and contract counterclaims. NanoString seeks, among other relief, injunction relief (including that the Company grant NanoString a license to the patents that the Company asserted against NanoString in the CosMx Action) and unspecified damages (including attorneys’ fees). On July 10, 2023, the Court denied NanoString’s motion for leave to add a contract counterclaim but otherwise granted the motion for leave to amend. On May 24, 2023, NanoString filed a motion to bifurcate its amended counterclaims and a motion for expedited discovery. On June 6, 2023, the Court denied NanoString’s motion to bifurcate and granted its motion for expedited discovery. The Company believes NanoString’s claims are meritless and intends to vigorously defend itself. On October 20, 2022, NanoString filed suit against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that the Company’s Visium products infringe U.S. Patent No. 11,473,142 (the “142 patent”), a continuation of the 689 patent (the “NanoString Action”). NanoString seeks, among other relief, injunctive relief and unspecified damages (including attorneys’ fees) in relation to the Company’s making, using, selling, offering to sell, exporting and/or importing in the United States Visium products and associated instruments, reagents and services. On January 24, 2023, the Court severed NanoString’s claims with respect to the 689 patent from the CosMx Action and consolidated those claims with this action. NanoString filed an amended complaint on January 27, 2023. The Company filed an answer to the NanoString Action on February 10, 2023. Discovery is in progress. A Markman hearing was held on January 10, 2024, and the Court issued its claim construction order on February 1, 2024. Trial is scheduled for December 2024. The Company believes NanoString’s claims in the NanoString Action are meritless and intends to vigorously defend itself. On August 16 and September 25, 2023, the Company filed petitions for inter partes review (“IPR”) of the 689 patent and the 142 patent, respectively. On February 1, 2024, IPR was instituted for the 689 patent. An institution decision for the IPR against the 142 patent is expected in April 2024. On March 9, 2022, the Company filed suit in the Munich Regional Court in Germany alleging that NanoString’s CosMx Spatial Molecular Imager and associated instruments, reagents and services infringe EP Patent No. 2794928B1 (the “EP928 patent”) (the “Germany CosMx Action”). A hearing on infringement was held on March 23, 2023. On May 17, 2023, the Munich Regional Court found that the CosMx products infringe the EP928 patent and issued a permanent injunction requiring NanoString to stop selling and supplying CosMx instruments and reagents for RNA detection in Germany. The injunction took effect on June 1, 2023. On May 25, 2023, NanoString filed an appeal of the Germany CosMx Action in the Munich Higher Regional Court. A hearing date has not yet been set for this appeal. On October 30, 2023, NanoString requested that the Higher Regional Court temporarily stay enforcement of the injunction pending the appeal. On December 20, 2023, the Higher Regional Court granted NanoString’s request conditioned upon NanoString posting a 2.3 million Euro security deposit. To date, NanoString has not posted this security deposit. On July 29, 2022, NanoString filed a nullity action with the German Federal Patent Court challenging the validity of the EP 928 patent. On February 10, 2023, the Federal Patent Court issued a preliminary opinion upholding the validity of certain claims of the EP 928 patent directed to in situ analysis. A hearing on validity is scheduled before the Federal Patent Court in May 2024. On June 1, 2023, the Company filed requests for preliminary injunctions in the Munich Local Division of the Unified Patent Court (“UPC”) alleging that NanoString’s CosMx Spatial Molecular Imager and associated instruments, reagents and services for RNA detection infringe the EP928 patent and EP Patent No. 4108782 (the “EP782 patent”). Hearings were held for the EP 782 and EP 928 patents on September 5 and September 19, respectively. On September 19, 2023, the UPC granted the Company’s request for the EP782 patent and issued a preliminary injunction requiring NanoString to stop selling and supplying CosMx instruments and reagents for RNA detection in all 17 UPC member states. On October 10, 2023, the UPC denied the Company’s preliminary injunction request for the EP928 patent. On October 2, 2023, NanoString filed an appeal of the preliminary injunction for the EP782 patent in the UPC Court of Appeals. A hearing was held before the UPC Court of Appeals on December 18, 2023, and a decision is pending. On August 31 and September 18, 2023 we filed main requests in the Munich Local Division of the UPC alleging that NanoString's CosMx Spatial Molecular Imager and associated instruments, reagents and services for RNA detection infringe the EP 782 and EP 928 patents, respectively. No hearings have yet been set for these main requests. On July 18, 2023, NanoString filed an opposition in the European Patent Office challenging the validity of the EP782 patent. No schedule has yet been set for this opposition. On July 27, 2023, NanoString filed a revocation action in the Munich Central Division of the UPC challenging the validity of the EP928 patent. A hearing in the revocation action is scheduled on April 17, 2024. On January 30, 2024, NanoString filed a petition for IPR of U.S. Patent No. 11,542,554, which is asserted by the Company against NanoString in the CosMx Action. The impact of NanoString’s bankruptcy filing on the Company’s actions against NanoString outside of the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware is not yet fully resolved. Vizgen On May 3, 2022, the Company filed suit against Vizgen, Inc. (“Vizgen”) in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that Vizgen’s MERSCOPE Platform and workflow and/or Vizgen’s Lab Services program, including associated instruments and reagents, infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 11,021,737, 11,293,051, 11,293,052, 11,293,054 and 11,299,767. The Company seeks, among other relief, injunction relief and unspecified damages (including attorneys’ fees) in relation to Vizgen’s making, using, selling, offering to sell, exporting and/or importing in the United States the MERSCOPE Platform and workflow and/or Vizgen’s Lab Services program, including associated instruments and reagents. On July 25, 2022, Vizgen filed a motion to dismiss the Company’s claims for willful and indirect infringement, which the Court denied on September 19, 2022. Discovery is in progress. A Markman hearing was held on January 10, 2024, and the Court issued its claim construction order on February 1, 2024. Trial is scheduled for October 2024. On August 30, 2022, Vizgen filed its answer and counterclaims alleging that the Company’s Xenium product infringes U.S. Patent No. 11,098,303 (the “303 patent”). Vizgen seeks, among other relief, injunction relief and unspecified damages (including attorneys’ fees) in relation to the Company’s making, using, selling, offering to sell, exporting and/or importing in the United States Xenium products, including associated instruments and reagents. Vizgen also filed counterclaims alleging that the Company tortiously interfered with Vizgen’s contractual and business relationship with Harvard and that the Company engaged in unfair practices under Massachusetts state law. On October 27, 2022, the Company filed a partial answer and motion to dismiss the infringement counterclaim and the tort counterclaims. On February 2, 2023, the Company’s motion to dismiss was denied. The Company believes Vizgen’s claims are meritless and intends to vigorously defend itself. On March 15, 2023, the Company filed an amended complaint additionally alleging that the MERSCOPE Platform and workflow and Vizgen’s Lab Services program infringe U.S. Patent No. 11,549,136 and withdrawing its claim of infringement of U.S. Patent No. 11,293,054. On April 17, 2023, Vizgen filed its answer adding amended counterclaims including antitrust, unfair competition, tort and contract counterclaims. Vizgen seeks, among other relief, injunctive relief (including that the Company grant Vizgen a license to the patents that the Company asserted against Vizgen) and unspecified damages (including attorneys’ fees). On May 18, 2023, the Company filed a motion to dismiss Vizgen’s amended counterclaims. On July 10, 2023, the Court granted the Company’s motion to dismiss Vizgen’s contract counterclaim but otherwise denied the Company’s motion to dismiss. The Company believes Vizgen’s claims are meritless and intends to vigorously defend itself. On June 1, 2023, the Company filed suit in the Hamburg Local Division of the Unified Patent Court alleging that Vizgen’s MERSCOPE products infringe the EP782 patent. The Company seeks, among other relief, injunction relief and unspecified damages (including attorneys’ fees) in relation to Vizgen’s MERSCOPE products in all 17 UPC member states. A hearing has not yet been set. On August 30, 2023, the Company filed a petition for IPR of the 303 patent. An institution decision is expected by March 2023. Parse On August 24, 2022, the Company filed suit against Parse Biosciences, Inc. (“Parse”) in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that Parse’s Evercode Whole Transcriptomics products and ATAC-seq products infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 10,155,981 (the “981 patent”), 10,697,013 (the “013 patent”), 10,240,197 (the “197 patent”), 10,150,995, 10,619,207 and 10,738,357. The Company seeks, among other relief, injunction relief and unspecified damages (including attorneys’ fees) in relation to Parse’s making, using, selling, offering to sell, exporting and/or importing in the United States Parse’s Evercode Whole Transcriptomics products and ATAC-seq products. On October 17, 2022, Parse filed a motion to dismiss alleging that the asserted claims are directed to patent ineligible subject matter. The Court held a hearing on the motion to dismiss on November 22, 2022, and supplemental briefing was submitted on December 15, 2022. On September 14, 2023, the Court denied the motion. Parse filed its answer on October 6, 2023. Discovery is in progress. A Markman hearing is scheduled for February 2024, and trial is scheduled for December 2024. Between April 20 and June 21, 2023, Parse filed petitions for IPR of all of the patents asserted. On October 13, 2023, IPR was instituted on the 981 patent. The PTAB denied institution of Parse’s petitions for IPR on the other five asserted patents. On January 2 and 5, 2024, Parse filed rehearing requests with the PTAB for the 197 and 013 patents, respectively. On November 6, 2023, Parse filed a motion to stay the Delaware action pending the IPRs. On December 21, 2023, the court denied Parse’s motion to stay. On February 5, 2024, the PTAB instituted IPRs for the 197 and 013 patents on Parse’s requests for rehearing. On February 8, 2024, Parse filed a renewed motion to stay. Curio On December 1, 2023, the Company filed suit against Curio Bioscience, Inc. (“Curio”) in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that the Curio Seeker Spatial Mapping Kit and associated products and services infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 10,480,022, 10,662,468, 11,001,879, 11,549,138, and 11,761,030. On February 1, 2024, Curio filed a motion to dismiss alleging that the asserted claims are directed to patent ineligible subject matter. A case schedule has not yet been set. On December 4, 2023, the Company filed a request for a preliminary injunction in the Dusseldorf Local Division of the UPC alleging that the Curio Seeker Spatial Mapping Kit and associated products and services infringe EP Patent No. 2697391 (the “EP 391 patent”). A hearing for the preliminary injunction request has been set for March 26, 2024.

Capital Stock

Capital Stock	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]
Capital Stock	Capital Stock The Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation authorizes it to issue 1,200,000,000 shares of capital stock consisting of 1,000,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, 100,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Common Stock The following table represents the number of shares of Class B common stock converted to shares of Class A common stock upon the election of the holders of such shares during the years: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Class B common stock converted to Class A common stock 4,610,422 979,210 3,035,000 The Company’s Class A common stock and Class B common stock have a par value of $0.00001 per share. Each share of Class B common stock has the right to ten votes and each share of Class A common stock has the right to one vote per share. All other rights and privileges of Class A and Class B common stock are equivalent. Class B common shares are convertible to Class A common shares at any time upon written notification and all Class B common shares will convert upon the date specified by vote or written consent of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding Class B common stock, voting together as a single class. The holders of common stock are also entitled to receive dividends whenever funds are legally available and when declared by the Board of Directors, subject to the prior rights of holders of all classes of stock outstanding having priority rights as to dividends.

Equity Incentive Plans

Equity Incentive Plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Equity Incentive Plans	Equity Incentive Plans Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan Following the adoption of the 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan in September 2019, any awards outstanding under the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan continue to be governed by their existing terms but no further awards may be granted under the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan. As of December 31, 2023, the number of shares of Class A common stock issuable under the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan which includes shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding awards was 2,563,328. 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan The Omnibus Incentive Plan allows for the issuance of incentive stock options (“ISOs”), non-statutory stock options (“NSOs”) or restricted shares. ISOs may be granted only to the Company’s employees (including officers and directors who are also considered employees). NSOs and restricted shares may be granted to the Company’s employees and service providers. As of December 31, 2023, the number of shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan was 5,334,134 shares issuable in connection with outstanding awards and 16,300,671 shares reserved for issuance in connection with grants of future awards. The number of shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under the 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan at the time the 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan was adopted in 2019 was 11,000,000. The Omnibus Incentive Plan provides that the total number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock that may be issued under the Omnibus Incentive Plan, including options authorized and options outstanding, is 11,000,000 (such share limit as increased from time to time, the “Absolute Share Limit”). However, the Absolute Share Limit shall be increased on the first day of each calendar year commencing on January 1, 2021 and ending on January 1, 2029 in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 5% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (ii) such number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock as determined by the Company’s board of directors. However, if on January 1 of a calendar year, the Company’s board of directors has not either confirmed the 5% increase described in clause (i) or approved a lesser number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock for such calendar year, then the Company’s board of directors will be deemed to have waived the automatic increase, and no such increase will occur for such calendar year. Of the Absolute Share Limit, no more than 11,000,000 shares of Class A common stock may be issued in the aggregate pursuant to the exercise of incentive stock options granted under the Omnibus Incentive Plan. Options under the Omnibus Incentive Plan have a contractual term of 10 years. The exercise price of an ISO and NSO shall not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. A summary of the Company’s stock option activity under the Plans is as follows: Outstanding Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Aggregate Intrinsic Value Balance as of December 31, 2022 7,964,557 $ 37.10 6.4 $ 128,069,003 Granted 387,757 51.31 Exercised (1,782,196) 6.76 Cancelled and forfeited (623,332) 84.31 Balance as of December 31, 2023 5,946,786 $ 42.17 6.3 $ 144,350,070 Vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2023 4,460,855 $ 36.82 5.5 $ 129,774,778 The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $33.67, $32.95, and $108.05 per share, respectively. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $78.0 million, $89.5 million and $572.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation related to stock options was $48.5 million, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately two years. Stock Option Valuation Assumptions The fair value of each employee option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Expected volatility 70% – 71% 65% – 71% 67% – 69% Risk-free interest rate 3.7% – 4.6% 1.6% – 4.1% 1.0% – 1.1% Expected term 5.3 – 6.1 years 5.3 – 6.1 years 6.0 – 6.1 years Expected dividend —% —% —% Restricted Stock Units Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) activity for the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows: Restricted Stock Weighted-Average Balance as of December 31, 2022 5,836,192 $ 52.21 Granted 2,320,714 50.08 Vested (1,900,620) 59.60 Cancelled (922,152) 54.42 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 5,334,134 $ 48.26 As of December 31, 2023, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation related to RSUs was $224.6 million, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately two years. Market-based Performance Stock Awards (PSAs) In March 2023, the Company granted 172,842 performance restricted stock unit awards (PSAs) under the 2019 Plan to certain members of management, which are subject to the achievement of certain escalating stock price thresholds established by the Company's Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The PSAs each vest in equal installments upon the achievement of escalating stock price thresholds of $72.14, $96.19 and $120.24 respectively, calculated based on the volume-weighted average price per share of the Company’s Class A common stock over the immediately trailing 20 trading day period for each respective threshold. The escalating stock price thresholds can be met any time prior to the fifth anniversary of the date of grant. The vesting of the PSAs can also be triggered upon certain change in control events and achievement of certain change in control price thresholds, or in the event of death or disability. The weighted-average grant date fair value of the PSAs was $43.13. Stock-based compensation expense recognized for these market-based awards was approximately $5.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company estimates the fair values of shares granted under the PSAs using a Monte Carlo simulation model with the following assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2023 Expected volatility 71% Risk-free interest rate 3.7% Expected dividend —% In September 2022, the Company granted 709,025 PSAs including RSUs and a performance stock option under the 2019 Plan to certain members of management, which are subject to the achievement of certain stock price thresholds established by the Company’s Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The PSAs consist of three separate tranches and the vesting of each tranche is subject to the Class A common stock closing price being maintained at or above the predetermined share price goals of $60, $80 and $105 for each tranche, respectively, for a period of 20 consecutive trading days. The share price goals can be met any time prior to the fourth anniversary of the date of grant. The vesting of the PSAs can also be triggered upon certain change in control events and achievement of certain change in control price goals, or in the event of death or disability. The weighted-average grant date fair value of the PSAs was $22.55. Stock-based compensation expense recognized for these market-based awards was approximately $10.0 million and $3.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company estimates the fair values of shares under the Performance stock options using a Monte Carlo simulation model with the following assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2022 Expected volatility 68% Risk-free interest rate 3.4% Expected dividend —% As of December 31, 2023, none of the escalating stock price thresholds had been met for any of the PSAs, resulting in no shares vesting or becoming exercisable. 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan In July 2019, the Company’s board of directors adopted the 10x Genomics, Inc. 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which was subsequently approved by the Company’s stockholders. The ESPP went into effect on September 11, 2019. Subject to any limitations contained therein, the ESPP allows eligible employees to contribute, through payroll deductions, up to 15% of their eligible compensation to purchase the Company’s Class A common stock at a discounted price per share. The ESPP generally provides for consecutive 6-month offering periods. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, 217,537 and 151,028 shares of Class A common stock, respectively, were issued under the ESPP. The ESPP provides that the maximum number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock made available for sale thereunder will be 3,486,671, which number will be automatically increased on the first day of each calendar year commencing on January 1, 2021 and ending on January 1, 2029 in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 1% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (ii) such number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock as determined by the Company’s board of directors. However, if on January 1 of a calendar year the Company’s board of directors has not either confirmed the 1% described in clause (i) or approved a lesser number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock for such calendar year, the Company’s board of directors will be deemed to have waived the automatic increase and no such increase will occur for such calendar year. The maximum number of shares available under the ESPP (and any share limitations thereunder, as applicable) will automatically be adjusted upon certain changes to the Company’s capital structure. As of December 31, 2023, there were 2,891,063 shares available for issuance under the ESPP. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the weighted average grant date fair values of the ESPP shares purchased, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, were $16.91 and $33.74, respectively. The following assumptions were used in estimating the fair values of shares under the ESPP: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Expected volatility 49% – 58% 81% – 92% 47% – 69% Risk-free interest rate 5.24% – 5.41% 1.54% – 4.54% 0.04% – 0.06% Expected term (in years) 0.5 0.5 0.50 – 1.0 Expected dividend —% —% 0% As of December 31, 2023, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation related to the ESPP was $1.3 million, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 0.4 years. Stock-based Compensation The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statement of operations for the periods presented as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Cost of revenue $ 7,068 $ 5,259 $ 3,231 Research and development 72,804 59,211 41,970 Selling, general and administrative 87,078 72,378 50,761 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 166,950 $ 136,848 $ 95,962

Employee Benefit Plans

Employee Benefit Plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Employee Benefit Plans	Employee Benefit Plans The Company has made available to all full-time United States employees a 401(k) retirement savings plan. Under this plan, employee and employer contributions and accumulated plan earnings qualify for favorable tax treatment under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Commencing in 2022, the Company matched 100% of the first 3% of the employee's eligible compensation, up to a maximum of two thousand dollars annually per employee. The Company contributed $1.8 million and $2.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Net Loss Per Share

Net Loss Per Share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net Loss Per Share	Net Loss Per Share The following outstanding shares of common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Stock options to purchase common stock 5,946,786 7,964,557 8,212,754 Restricted stock units 5,334,134 5,836,192 1,298,244 Shares committed under ESPP 48,302 46,548 13,368 Shares subject to repurchase — — 18,750 Total 11,329,222 13,847,297 9,543,116

Pay vs Performance Disclosure

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net loss	$ (255,099)	$ (166,000)	$ (58,223)

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 shares
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
James L. Wilbur [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement	On December 13, 2023, James L. Wilbur, our former Chief Commercial Officer, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c) for the sale of up to 147,095 shares of the Company’s common stock. The expiration date of the trading arrangement is December 31, 2024.
Name	James L. Wilbur
Title	Chief Commercial Officer
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	true
Adoption Date	December 13, 2023
Arrangement Duration	384 days
Aggregate Available	147,095

Summary of Significant Accoun_2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, disclosure of contingent liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenue and expense. These judgments, estimates and assumptions are used for, but not limited to, revenue recognition, inventory valuation and write-downs, accounting for asset and business acquisitions and the valuation of stock-based compensation awards. The Company bases its estimates on various factors and information, which may include, but are not limited to, history and prior experience, the Company’s forecasts and future plans, current economic conditions and information from third-party professionals that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities and recorded amounts of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. To the extent there are material differences between the Company’s estimates and the actual results, the Company’s future consolidated results of operation may be affected.
Segment Information	Segment Information The Company operates as a single operating segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker, its Chief Executive Officer, manages the Company’s operations on a consolidated basis for the purposes of allocating resources, making operating decisions and evaluating financial performance.
Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of amounts invested in money market funds and are stated at fair value.
Marketable Securities	Marketable Securities The Company designates investments in debt securities as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale debt securities with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase are classified within cash and cash equivalents. Available-for-sale debt securities with original maturities longer than three months are available to fund current operations and are classified as marketable securities, within current assets on the balance sheet. Available-for-sale debt securities are reported at fair value with the related unrealized gains and losses included in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss," a component of stockholders’ equity, net of tax. Realized gains (losses) on the sale of marketable securities are determined using the specific-identification method and recorded in “Other expense, net,” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The available-for-sale debt securities are subject to a periodic impairment review. For investments in an unrealized loss position, the Company determines whether a credit loss exists by considering information about the collectability of the instrument, current market conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions. The Company recognizes an allowance for credit losses, up to the amount of the unrealized loss when appropriate, and writes down the amortized cost basis of the investment if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required or will intend to sell the investment before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Allowances for credit losses and write-downs are recognized in “Other expense, net,” and unrealized losses not related to credit losses are recognized in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.” There are no allowances for credit losses for the periods presented. As of December 31, 2023, the gross unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities are related to market interest rate changes and not attributable to credit.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments Cash equivalents are comprised of money market funds which are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. Assets recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the balance sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair values. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements as follows: Level 1 - Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date; Level 2 - Inputs are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities; and Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities that are supported by little or no market data. The Company’s financial instruments consist of Level 1 and Level 2 assets. Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified as Level 1. Money market funds are classified as Level 1. Level 2 assets consist primarily of corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, commercial paper, U.S. Government Treasury and agency securities, and debt securities in government-sponsored entities based upon quoted market prices for similar movements in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant inputs are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets. Where applicable, these models project future cash flows and discount the future amounts to a present value using market-based observable inputs obtained from various third party-data providers, including but not limited to, benchmark yields, interest rate curves, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes and reference data.
Accounts Receivable, Net	Accounts Receivable, Net
Business Concentrations	Business Concentrations The Company’s instruments are mostly assembled and tested by third party contract manufacturers in Asia and the United States. The Company’s agreement with the contract manufacturers contains purchase commitments. In addition, the Company is reliant on several suppliers for key components for its reagent kits. A significant disruption in the operations of the contract manufacturers or suppliers may impact the production of the Company’s products for a substantial period of time, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.
Concentrations	Concentrations Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash equivalents, marketable securities (as described in this footnote under the header “Marketable Securities” above) and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents held with large financial institutions in the United States and deposits exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s insurance limit. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the risks associated with its investments and the relative credit standing of these financial institutions. Substantially all the Company’s long-lived assets are located in the United States.
Inventory	Inventory Inventory is recorded at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or net realizable value. The Company uses judgment to analyze and determine if the composition of its inventory is obsolete, slow-moving, unsalable or otherwise carried above the net realizable value and frequently reviews such determinations. The Company writes down specifically identified unusable, obsolete, slow-moving or known unsalable inventory and inventory otherwise carried above the net realizable value in the period that it is first recognized by using a number of factors including product expiration dates, open and unfulfilled orders and sales forecasts. Net realizable value is determined using the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. Any write-down of its inventory to net realizable value establishes a new cost basis and will be maintained even if certain circumstances suggest that the inventory is recoverable in subsequent periods. Costs associated with the write-down of inventory are recorded to cost of revenue on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
Leases	Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception by assessing whether the arrangement contains an identified asset and whether it has the right to control the identified asset. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of future lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets are based on the measurement of the lease liability and also include any lease payments made prior to or on lease commencement and exclude lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred, as applicable. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of future lease payments. The Company gives consideration to its credit risk, term of the lease and total lease payments and adjusts for the impacts of collateral, as necessary, when calculating its incremental borrowing rates. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when the Company is reasonably certain it will exercise such options. Lease costs for the Company’s operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis within operating expenses and costs of goods sold over the reasonably assured lease term. The Company evaluates ROU assets related to leases for indicators of impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an ROU asset may not be recoverable. When a decision has been made to sublease that space, the Company evaluates the asset for impairment and recognize the associated impact to the ROU asset and related expense, if applicable. The evaluation is performed at the lowest level of identifiable cash flows for an asset group. Undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the related ROU assets are estimated over the ROU assets’ useful lives. If the evaluation indicates that the carrying amount of the ROU assets may not be recoverable, any potential impairment is measured based upon the fair value of the related ROU asset or asset group as determined by appropriate valuation techniques. Refer to Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies - Lease Agreements, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further details. The Company has elected to not separate lease and non-lease components for any leases within its existing classes of assets and, as a result, accounts for any lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. The Company has also elected to not apply the recognition requirement to any leases within its existing classes of assets with a term of 12 months or less.
Internal-Use Software	Internal-Use Software The Company capitalizes costs incurred to develop internal-use software within property and equipment, net and capitalizes costs to develop hosting arrangements within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation and post implementation stages of the project are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application development stage of the project are capitalized. These costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset.
Property and Equipment, Net	Property and Equipment, Net
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets	Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Product Warranties	Product Warranties The Company generally provides a one-year warranty on its instruments. The Company reviews its exposure to estimated warranty obligations associated with instrument sales and establishes an accrual based on historical product failure rates and actual warranty costs incurred. This expense is recorded as a component of cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations.
Deferred Revenue	Deferred Revenue Deferred revenue consists of payments received in advance of revenue recognition primarily related to instrument service agreements, also referred to as extended warranties. Revenue under these agreements is recognized over the related service period. Deferred revenue expected to be recognized during the 12 months following the balance sheet date is recorded as current portion of deferred revenue and the remaining portion is recorded as long-term.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition The Company generates revenue from sales of products and services, and its products consist of instruments and consumables. Revenue from product sales is recognized when control of the product is transferred, which is generally upon shipment to the customer. Instrument service agreements, which relate to extended warranties, are typically entered into for one-year terms, following the expiration of the standard one-year warranty period. Revenue for extended warranties is recognized ratably over the term of the extended warranty period as a stand ready performance obligation. Revenue is recorded net of discounts, distributor commissions and sales taxes collected on behalf of governmental authorities. Customers are invoiced generally upon shipment, or upon order for services, and payment is typically due within 30 days. Cash received from customers in advance of product shipment or providing services is recorded as a contract liability. The Company’s contracts with its customers generally do not include rights of return or a significant financing component. The Company regularly enters into contracts that include various combinations of products and services which are generally distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation in proportion to its standalone selling price. The Company determines standalone selling price using average selling prices with consideration of current market conditions. If the product or service has no history of sales or if the sales volume is not sufficient, the Company relies upon prices set by management, adjusted for applicable discounts.
Cost of Revenue	Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue primarily consists of manufacturing costs incurred in the production process, including personnel and related costs, component materials, labor and overhead, packaging and delivery costs and allocated costs including facilities and information technology. In addition, cost of product revenue includes royalty costs for licensed technologies included in the Company’s products, warranty costs and provisions for slow-moving and obsolete inventory.
Shipping and Handling Costs	Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling charged to customers are recorded as revenue. Shipping and handling costs are included in the Company’s cost of revenue.
Research and Development	Research and Development Research and development costs are expensed in the period incurred. Research and development expense consists of personnel and related costs, independent contractor costs, laboratory supplies, equipment maintenance, prototype and materials expenses, amortization of developed technology and intangibles and allocated costs including facilities and information technology. See Note 4 for discussion of in-process research and development included in the consolidated statements of operations.
Advertising Costs	Advertising Costs
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation The Company’s stock-based compensation expense relates to stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), market-based performance stock awards ("PSAs") including performance stock options and performance RSUs granted pursuant to equity incentive plans and stock purchase rights under an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). Stock-based compensation expense for its stock-based awards is based on their grant date fair value. The Company determines the fair value of RSUs based on the closing price of its stock, which is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, at the date of the grant (or on the most recent trading day prior to grant, if the date of grant is not a trading day). The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards under an equity incentive plan and stock purchase rights under an ESPP on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair values of stock-based awards excluding PSAs are recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in which the awards are expected to vest and forfeitures are recognized as they occur. The Black-Scholes model considers several variables and assumptions in estimating the fair value of stock-based awards. These variables include the per share fair value of the underlying common stock, exercise price, expected term, risk-free interest rate, expected annual dividend yield and the expected stock price volatility over the expected term. The Company calculated the expected term using the simplified method, which is the mid-point between the vesting and contractual term. Due to the short trading period of the Company's stock, the Company has estimated volatility by reference to the historical volatilities of the Company and that of similar publicly traded peer companies. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues similar in duration to the expected term of the equity-settled award. For PSAs, the Company derives the valuation of the award and the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award using a Monte Carlo simulation model and the related compensation expense is recognized over the derived service period using the accelerated attribution method commencing on the grant date. The derived service period is the median duration of the successful stock price paths to meet the respective escalating stock price thresholds as simulated in the Monte Carlo valuation model which uses assumptions such as volatility, risk-free interest rate, cost of equity and dividend estimated for the performance period of the PSAs. If the related market condition is achieved earlier than its estimated derived service period, the stock-based compensation expense will be accelerated, and a cumulative catch-up expense will be recorded during the period in which the market condition is met.
Foreign Currency	Foreign Currency For foreign subsidiaries where the functional currency is the local currency, assets and liabilities are translated to the U.S. dollar using month-end exchange rates, and revenue and expenses using average exchange rates. The adjustments resulting from these foreign currency translations are recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.”
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, in which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company’s tax positions are subject to income tax audits. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, based on the technical merits. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is more likely than not (greater than 50% likely) to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its tax provision. The Company calculates the current and deferred income tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that could differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed in subsequent years. Adjustments based on filed income tax returns are recorded when identified. The amount of income tax paid is subject to examination by U.S. and foreign tax authorities. The estimate of the potential outcome of any uncertain tax issue is subject to management’s assessment of the relevant risks, facts and circumstances existing at that time. To the extent the assessment of such tax position changes, the change in estimate is recorded in the period in which the determination is made.
Net Loss Per Share	Net Loss Per Share Net loss per share is computed using the two-class method required for multiple classes of common stock and participating securities. The rights, including the liquidation and dividend rights and sharing of losses, of the Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, other than voting rights. As the liquidation and dividend rights and sharing of losses are identical, the undistributed earnings are allocated on a proportionate basis and the resulting net loss per share will, therefore, be the same for both Class A and Class B common stock on an individual or combined basis. Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, adjusted for outstanding shares that are subject to repurchase. For the calculation of diluted net loss per share, basic net loss per share is adjusted by the effect of dilutive securities including awards under the Company’s equity compensation plans. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. For periods in which the Company reports net losses, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share because potentially dilutive shares of common stock are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive.
Acquisitions	Acquisitions The Company evaluates acquisitions of assets and other similar transactions to assess whether or not the transaction should be accounted for as a business combination or asset acquisition by first applying a screen to determine if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets. If the screen is met, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition. If the screen is not met, further determination is required as to whether or not the Company has acquired inputs and processes that have the ability to create outputs which would meet the requirements of a business in which case the transaction is accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date, and that the fair value of acquired intangibles be recorded on the balance sheet. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred. Any excess of the purchase price over the assigned fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized, rather assessed, at least annually, for impairment at a reporting unit level. During the goodwill impairment review, the Company assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, including goodwill. The qualitative factors include, but are not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations and overall financial performance. If, after assessing the totality of these qualitative factors, the Company determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, then no additional assessment is deemed necessary. Otherwise, the Company proceeds to compare the estimated fair values of the reporting unit with the carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying amounts of the reporting unit exceed the fair value, the Company records an impairment loss based on the difference. The Company accounts for asset acquisitions under ASC, Business Combinations Topic 805, Subtopic 50 , which requires the acquiring entity in an asset acquisition to recognize net assets based on the cost to the acquiring entity on a relative fair value basis, which includes transaction costs in addition to consideration given. In-process research and development expense is expensed as incurred provided there is no alternative future use. Contingent consideration payments in asset acquisitions are recognized when the contingency is resolved and the consideration is paid or becomes payable. Upon recognition of the contingent consideration payment, the amount is included in the cost of the acquired asset or group of assets.

Summary of Significant Accoun_3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Cash and cash equivalents $ 359,284 $ 219,746 $ 587,447 Restricted cash — 7,607 8,626 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 359,284 $ 227,353 $ 596,073
Schedule of Property Plant and Equipment	Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the following assets: Useful Life (Years) Building 10 - 40 Laboratory equipment and machinery 3 - 5 Computer equipment 2 - 5 Furniture and fixtures 3 Leasehold improvements 1 - 10 Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Land $ 36,765 $ 36,780 Building 146,044 — Laboratory equipment and machinery 69,238 54,658 Computer equipment and software 16,379 12,565 Furniture and fixtures 10,979 9,642 Leasehold improvements 96,405 91,518 Construction in progress 7,252 152,995 Total property and equipment 383,062 358,158 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (103,491) (68,830) Property and equipment, net $ 279,571 $ 289,328

Restructuring (Tables)

Restructuring (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Schedule of Restructuring Costs Related to Restructuring	The following table is a summary of restructuring costs related to the Company’s restructuring activities as of December 31, 2023 (in thousands): Termination Benefits Costs Long-lived Assets Impairment Expenses Total Balance at January 1, 2022 $ — $ — $ — Restructuring charge 4,216 — 4,216 Cash payments made (3,385) — (3,385) Non-cash charge (616) (616) Balance at December 31, 2022 215 — 215 Restructuring charge 310 2,171 2,481 Cash payments made (215) — (215) Non-cash charge — (2,171) (2,171) Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 310 $ — $ 310

Acquisitions (Tables)

Acquisitions (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]
Schedule of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed	The following table summarizes the value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands): Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed In-process research and development $ 60,980 Intangible assets - acquired workforce 200 Property and equipment 671 Operating lease liabilities (1,496) Other assets and liabilities, net 758 Total net assets acquired $ 61,113 The fair value of assets acquired, including goodwill and intangibles, and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date were as follows (in thousands): Amount Cash and cash equivalents $ 224 Other assets acquired 83 Tangible assets acquired 307 Other liabilities assumed (652) Deferred tax liability - non-current (1,131) Total net tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed (1,476) Intangible assets 5,640 Goodwill 4,511 Net assets acquired $ 8,675
Schedule of Intangible Assets Acquired	The intangible assets as of the acquisition date included (in thousands): Amount Weighted Average Useful Life (in years) Developed technology $ 5,500 10 Customer relationships 140 3 $ 5,640

Other Financial Statement Inf_2

Other Financial Statement Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Schedule of Marketable Securities	Available-for-sale securities at December 31, 2023 consisted of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Fair Value Measurement Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 348,539 $ — $ — $ 348,539 $ 163,184 $ — $ — $ 163,184 Level 1 Marketable securities: Corporate debt securities 10,022 — (51) 9,971 153,794 4 (2,768) 151,030 Level 2 Government debt securities 18,152 — (125) 18,027 54,136 — (1,247) 52,889 Level 2 Asset-backed securities 1,425 — (12) 1,413 6,424 — (105) 6,319 Level 2 Total available-for-sale securities $ 378,138 $ — $ (188) $ 377,950 $ 377,538 $ 4 $ (4,120) $ 373,422
Schedule of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale	The contractual maturities of marketable securities as of December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands): Fair Value Due in one year or less $ 28,045 Due after one year to five years 1,366 $ 29,411
Schedule of Inventory	Inventory was comprised of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Purchased materials $ 34,484 $ 34,497 Work in progress 21,975 24,650 Finished goods 17,247 22,482 Inventory $ 73,706 $ 81,629
Schedule of Property Plant and Equipment	Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the following assets: Useful Life (Years) Building 10 - 40 Laboratory equipment and machinery 3 - 5 Computer equipment 2 - 5 Furniture and fixtures 3 Leasehold improvements 1 - 10 Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Land $ 36,765 $ 36,780 Building 146,044 — Laboratory equipment and machinery 69,238 54,658 Computer equipment and software 16,379 12,565 Furniture and fixtures 10,979 9,642 Leasehold improvements 96,405 91,518 Construction in progress 7,252 152,995 Total property and equipment 383,062 358,158 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (103,491) (68,830) Property and equipment, net $ 279,571 $ 289,328
Schedule of Intangible Assets Net	Intangible assets, net consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Remaining Useful Life in Years Gross Accumulated Intangibles, Gross Accumulated Intangibles, Technology licenses 10.7 $ 22,504 $ (6,546) $ 15,958 $ 22,504 $ (5,043) $ 17,461 Developed technology N/A — — — 5,500 (1,100) 4,400 Customer relationships 1.1 945 (789) 156 945 (563) 382 Assembled workforce 2.0 1,328 (826) 502 1,128 (513) 615 Intangible assets, net $ 24,777 $ (8,161) $ 16,616 $ 30,077 $ (7,219) $ 22,858
Schedule of Annual Amortization of Intangible Assets	The estimated annual amortization of intangible assets for the next five years is shown below (in thousands): Estimated 2024 $ 1,865 2025 1,704 2026 1,509 2027 1,473 2028 1,473 Thereafter 8,592 Total $ 16,616
Schedule of Accrued Compensation and Related Benefits	Accrued compensation and related benefits were comprised of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Accrued payroll and related costs $ 2,262 $ 2,052 Accrued bonus 18,254 17,081 Accrued commissions 6,410 5,143 Accrued acquisition-related compensation — 5,470 Other 3,179 2,929 Accrued compensation and related benefits $ 30,105 $ 32,675
Schedule of Accrued Expense and Other Current Liabilities	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities were comprised of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Accrued purchase consideration $ 20,000 $ — Accrued legal and related costs 3,839 3,102 Accrued license fee — 6,231 Accrued royalties for licensed technologies 5,455 4,707 Accrued property and equipment 3,199 26,750 Accrued professional services 6,577 5,180 Product warranties 8,116 3,023 Taxes payable 5,049 4,079 Other 4,413 6,707 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 56,648 $ 59,779
Schedule of Changes in the Reserve for Product Warranties	Changes in the reserve for product warranties were as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Beginning of period $ 3,023 $ 994 Amounts charged to cost of revenue 10,701 5,708 Repairs and replacements (5,608) (3,679) End of period $ 8,116 $ 3,023
Schedule of Change in Contract Liabilities	A summary of the change in contract liabilities is as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Beginning of period $ 11,032 $ 7,688 Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the year (6,588) (4,793) Revenue deferred excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period 17,520 8,137 End of period $ 21,964 $ 11,032
Schedule of Revenue by Source	The following table represents revenue by source for the periods indicated (in thousands). Spatial products include the Company’s Visium and Xenium products: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Instruments Chromium $ 47,866 $ 58,552 $ 64,171 Spatial 75,605 13,844 303 Total instruments revenue 123,471 72,396 64,474 Consumables Chromium 420,316 400,433 390,883 Spatial 59,237 35,155 27,857 Total consumables revenue 479,553 435,588 418,740 Services 15,703 8,425 7,276 Total revenue $ 618,727 $ 516,409 $ 490,490
Schedule of Revenue by Geography	The following table presents revenue by geography based on the location of the customer for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Americas United States $ 360,091 $ 284,987 $ 258,274 Americas (excluding United States) 13,101 8,791 6,714 Total Americas 373,192 293,778 264,988 Europe, Middle East and Africa 142,276 117,068 108,491 Asia-Pacific China¹ 50,965 64,356 77,899 Asia-Pacific (excluding China) 52,294 41,207 39,112 Total Asia-Pacific 103,259 105,563 117,011 Total Revenue $ 618,727 $ 516,409 $ 490,490 1 Includes Hong Kong effective from the fiscal year of 2023. Comparative periods have been adjusted for this inclusion.

Income Tax (Tables)

Income Tax (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Income (loss) before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign	Income (loss) before provision for income taxes were as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 United States $ (263,292) $ (172,038) $ (73,070) International 14,529 10,067 19,355 Total $ (248,763) $ (161,971) $ (53,715)
Schedule of Provision for Income Taxes	The provision for income taxes consisted of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Current provision: Federal $ 351 $ — $ — State 180 533 50 Foreign 6,252 3,360 5,148 Total current provision for income taxes 6,783 3,893 5,198 Deferred provision: Federal — — — State — — — Foreign (447) 136 (690) Total deferred provision for income taxes (447) 136 (690) Provision for income taxes $ 6,336 $ 4,029 $ 4,508
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation	A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax provision to the effective income tax provision is as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Income tax provision at federal statutory rate $ (52,240) $ (34,014) $ (11,280) State taxes, net of federal benefit (14,831) (11,782) (20,136) Tax credits (14,551) (9,028) (11,836) Foreign taxes 3,888 1,522 142 Stock-based compensation 2,422 5,812 (78,852) Change in valuation allowance 79,551 50,077 126,386 Acquisition related expenses 2,296 — (793) Other (199) 1,442 877 Total provision for income taxes $ 6,336 $ 4,029 $ 4,508
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities	The major components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Deferred tax assets Net operating loss carryforwards $ 166,607 $ 175,018 Research and development tax credits 89,521 69,271 Accruals and reserves 10,610 7,116 Operating lease liability 22,000 21,873 Intangibles 39,117 39,061 Stock-based compensation 24,342 20,910 Capitalized research and development 1 108,255 49,462 Total deferred tax assets 460,452 382,711 Valuation allowance (443,074) (364,263) Net deferred tax assets $ 17,378 $ 18,448 Deferred tax liabilities Property and equipment (2,609) (4,046) Operating right-of-use assets $ (14,975) $ (15,054) Total deferred tax liabilities $ (17,584) $ (19,100) Net deferred tax liabilities $ (206) $ (652) 1 Effective beginning January 1, 2022, under the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, our research and development expenditures were capitalized and amortized.
Schedule of Income Tax Contingencies	The total balance of unrecognized gross tax benefits resulting primarily from research and development tax credits claimed on the Company’s annual tax returns were as follows (in thousands): 2023 2022 Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year $ 31,755 $ 23,759 Reductions based on prior year tax provisions — (380) Additions based on prior year tax provisions 3,511 2,474 Additions based on current year tax provisions 10,447 5,902 Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year $ 45,713 $ 31,755

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Company's Operating Lease Liabilities	The payments due under of the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2023 are as follows (in thousands): Operating Leases 2024 $ 16,719 2025 14,884 2026 15,438 2027 15,639 2028 15,793 Thereafter 40,720 Total lease payments $ 119,193 Less: imputed interest (23,823) Present value of operating lease liabilities $ 95,370 Operating lease liabilities, current $ 11,521 Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent 83,849 Total operating lease liabilities $ 95,370
Schedule of Additional Information Related to Operating Leases	The following table summarizes additional information related to operating leases as of December 31, 2023: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Weighted-average remaining lease term: Operating leases 7.5 years 8.1 years Weighted-average discount rate: Operating leases 5.9 % 5.5 %

Capital Stock (Tables)

Capital Stock (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of Common Stock Issued and Outstanding	The following table represents the number of shares of Class B common stock converted to shares of Class A common stock upon the election of the holders of such shares during the years: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Class B common stock converted to Class A common stock 4,610,422 979,210 3,035,000

Equity Incentive Plans (Tables)

Equity Incentive Plans (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Schedule of the Company's Stock Option Activity	A summary of the Company’s stock option activity under the Plans is as follows: Outstanding Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Aggregate Intrinsic Value Balance as of December 31, 2022 7,964,557 $ 37.10 6.4 $ 128,069,003 Granted 387,757 51.31 Exercised (1,782,196) 6.76 Cancelled and forfeited (623,332) 84.31 Balance as of December 31, 2023 5,946,786 $ 42.17 6.3 $ 144,350,070 Vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2023 4,460,855 $ 36.82 5.5 $ 129,774,778
Schedule of Share-Based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions	The fair value of each employee option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Expected volatility 70% – 71% 65% – 71% 67% – 69% Risk-free interest rate 3.7% – 4.6% 1.6% – 4.1% 1.0% – 1.1% Expected term 5.3 – 6.1 years 5.3 – 6.1 years 6.0 – 6.1 years Expected dividend —% —% —% The Company estimates the fair values of shares granted under the PSAs using a Monte Carlo simulation model with the following assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2023 Expected volatility 71% Risk-free interest rate 3.7% Expected dividend —% The Company estimates the fair values of shares under the Performance stock options using a Monte Carlo simulation model with the following assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2022 Expected volatility 68% Risk-free interest rate 3.4% Expected dividend —%
Schedule of RSU Activity	Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) activity for the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows: Restricted Stock Weighted-Average Balance as of December 31, 2022 5,836,192 $ 52.21 Granted 2,320,714 50.08 Vested (1,900,620) 59.60 Cancelled (922,152) 54.42 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 5,334,134 $ 48.26
Schedule of Fair value of the Employee Stock Purchase Plan	The following assumptions were used in estimating the fair values of shares under the ESPP: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Expected volatility 49% – 58% 81% – 92% 47% – 69% Risk-free interest rate 5.24% – 5.41% 1.54% – 4.54% 0.04% – 0.06% Expected term (in years) 0.5 0.5 0.50 – 1.0 Expected dividend —% —% 0%
Schedule of Recorded Stock-based Compensation Expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations	The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statement of operations for the periods presented as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Cost of revenue $ 7,068 $ 5,259 $ 3,231 Research and development 72,804 59,211 41,970 Selling, general and administrative 87,078 72,378 50,761 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 166,950 $ 136,848 $ 95,962

Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

Net Loss Per Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Shares of Common Stock Equivalents Excluded from Computation of Diluted Net Loss Per Share	The following outstanding shares of common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Stock options to purchase common stock 5,946,786 7,964,557 8,212,754 Restricted stock units 5,334,134 5,836,192 1,298,244 Shares committed under ESPP 48,302 46,548 13,368 Shares subject to repurchase — — 18,750 Total 11,329,222 13,847,297 9,543,116

Summary of Significant Accoun_4

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Number of operating segment | segment	1
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 100,000	$ 100,000
Impairment Long Lived Asset Held For Use Statement Of Income Or Comprehensive Income Extensible Enumeration Not Disclosed Flag	impairment charges
Impairment of long lived assets	$ 4,600,000	0	$ 0
Advertising costs	3,300,000	3,700,000	4,700,000
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)	$ 1,200,000	$ 200,000	$ (900,000)
Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk | One Distributor
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Concentration risk		11%

Summary of Significant Accoun_5

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 359,284	$ 219,746	$ 587,447
Restricted cash	0	7,607	8,626
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$ 359,284	$ 227,353	$ 596,073	$ 688,644

Summary of Significant Accoun_6

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Estimated Useful Life of Company Property and Equipment (Details)	Dec. 31, 2023
Building | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	10 years
Building | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	40 years
Laboratory equipment and machinery | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	3 years
Laboratory equipment and machinery | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	5 years
Computer equipment | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	2 years
Computer equipment | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	5 years
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	3 years
Leasehold improvements | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	1 year
Leasehold improvements | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life of property and equipment	10 years

Restructuring - Narrative (Deta

Restructuring - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring costs	$ 2.5	$ 4.2
Research and development
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring costs	2.5	1.4
Selling, general and administrative
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring costs	$ 2.5	2.5
Cost of Revenue
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring costs		$ 0.3

Restructuring - Restructuring C

Restructuring - Restructuring Costs Related to Restructuring (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Restructuring reserve, beginning balance	$ 215	$ 0
Restructuring charge	2,481	4,216
Cash payments made	(215)	(3,385)
Non-cash charge	(2,171)	(616)
Restructuring reserve, ending balance	310	215
Termination Benefits Costs
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Restructuring reserve, beginning balance	215	0
Restructuring charge	310	4,216
Cash payments made	(215)	(3,385)
Non-cash charge	0	(616)
Restructuring reserve, ending balance	310	215
Long-lived Assets Impairment Expenses
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Restructuring reserve, beginning balance	0	0
Restructuring charge	2,171	0
Cash payments made	0	0
Non-cash charge	(2,171)
Restructuring reserve, ending balance	$ 0	$ 0

Acquisitions - Additional Infor

Acquisitions - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands				1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 14, 2023	Jan. 28, 2023	Jan. 08, 2021	Jan. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset acquisition, upfront payment						$ 923	$ 0	$ 0
Asset impairment charges						9,845	$ 0	$ 0
Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset impairment charges						4,500
2023 Acquisition
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset acquisition, upfront payment		$ 10,000
Asset acquisition, consideration transferred	$ 10,000
Asset acquisition, milestone payment					$ 21,300
Cash consideration					$ 15,000	15,000
In-process research and development	60,980					61,000
Intangible assets - acquired workforce	$ 200					$ 200
2023 Acquisition | Subsequent Event
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset acquisition, milestone payment				$ 20,000
Tetramer Shop
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets - acquired workforce			$ 5,640
Percentage of outstanding shares acquired			100%
Cash paid for acquisition			$ 8,500
Cash acquired			200
Estimated fair value of contingent consideration			1,500
Tetramer Shop | Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets - acquired workforce			$ 5,500
Weighted average amortization period of intangible asset			10 years
Tetramer Shop | Customer relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets - acquired workforce			$ 140
Weighted average amortization period of intangible asset			3 years

Acquisitions - Schedule of Asse

Acquisitions - Schedule of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Detail) - 2023 Acquisition - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Jul. 14, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
In-process research and development	$ 60,980	$ 61,000
Intangible assets - acquired workforce	200	$ 200
Property and equipment	671
Operating lease liabilities	(1,496)
Other assets and liabilities, net	758
Total net assets acquired	$ 61,113

Acquisitions - Schedule of As_2

Acquisitions - Schedule of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Including Goodwill and Intangibles (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Jan. 08, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 4,511	$ 4,511
Tetramer Shop
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents			$ 224
Other assets acquired			83
Tangible assets acquired			307
Other liabilities assumed			(652)
Deferred tax liability - non-current			(1,131)
Total net tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed			(1,476)
Intangible assets			5,640
Goodwill			4,511
Net assets acquired			$ 8,675

Acquisitions - Intangible Asset

Acquisitions - Intangible Assets Acquired (Details) - Tetramer Shop $ in Thousands	Jan. 08, 2021 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets - acquired workforce	$ 5,640
Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets - acquired workforce	$ 5,500
Weighted average amortization period of intangible asset	10 years
Customer relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets - acquired workforce	$ 140
Weighted average amortization period of intangible asset	3 years

Other Financial Statement Inf_3

Other Financial Statement Information - Available-for-Sale Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Gains	$ 0	$ 4
Gross Unrealized Losses	(188)	(4,120)
Marketable securities, fair value	29,411
Total available-for-sale securities	378,138	377,538
Total available-for-sale securities,fair value	377,950	373,422
Money market funds | Level 1
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Money market funds	348,539	163,184
Corporate debt securities | Level 2
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Total marketable securities	10,022	153,794
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	4
Gross Unrealized Losses	(51)	(2,768)
Marketable securities, fair value	9,971	151,030
Government debt securities | Level 2
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Total marketable securities	18,152	54,136
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(125)	(1,247)
Marketable securities, fair value	18,027	52,889
Asset-backed securities | Level 2
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Total marketable securities	1,425	6,424
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(12)	(105)
Marketable securities, fair value	$ 1,413	$ 6,319

Other Financial Statement Inf_4

Other Financial Statement Information - Contractual Maturities of Marketable Securities (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$ 28,045
Due after one year to five years	1,366
Total marketable securities	$ 29,411

Other Financial Statement Inf_5

Other Financial Statement Information - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Debt securities, available-for-sale, realized loss	$ 1,700,000
Debt securities, available-for-sale, realized gain	0
Debt securities, available-for-sale, realized gain (loss)		$ 0	$ 0
Depreciation expense	32,900,000	22,800,000	18,500,000
Impairment of long lived assets	4,600,000	0	0
Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations	22,000,000
Contract with customer, liability, current	13,150,000	7,867,000
Contract liability	21,964,000	$ 11,032,000	$ 7,688,000
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Contract with customer, liability, current	$ 13,100,000
Expected period of revenue recognition	12 months

Other Financial Statement Inf_6

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Inventory (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Purchased materials	$ 34,484	$ 34,497
Work in progress	21,975	24,650
Finished goods	17,247	22,482
Inventory	$ 73,706	$ 81,629

Other Financial Statement Inf_7

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule Of Property Plant And Equipment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	$ 383,062	$ 358,158
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(103,491)	(68,830)
Property and equipment, net	279,571	289,328
Land
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	36,765	36,780
Building
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	146,044	0
Laboratory equipment and machinery
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	69,238	54,658
Computer equipment and software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	16,379	12,565
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	10,979	9,642
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	96,405	91,518
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	$ 7,252	$ 152,995

Other Financial Statement Inf_8

Other Financial Statement Information - Intangible Assets, Net (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 24,777	$ 30,077
Accumulated Amortization	(8,161)	(7,219)
Intangibles, Net	$ 16,616	22,858
Technology licenses
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Remaining Useful Life in Years	10 years 8 months 12 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 22,504	22,504
Accumulated Amortization	(6,546)	(5,043)
Intangibles, Net	15,958	17,461
Developed technology
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	0	5,500
Accumulated Amortization	0	(1,100)
Intangibles, Net	$ 0	4,400
Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Remaining Useful Life in Years	1 year 1 month 6 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 945	945
Accumulated Amortization	(789)	(563)
Intangibles, Net	$ 156	382
Assembled workforce
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Remaining Useful Life in Years	2 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 1,328	1,128
Accumulated Amortization	(826)	(513)
Intangibles, Net	$ 502	$ 615

Other Financial Statement Inf_9

Other Financial Statement Information - Annual Amortization Of Intangible Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Estimated Annual Amortization
2024	$ 1,865
2025	1,704
2026	1,509
2027	1,473
2028	1,473
Thereafter	8,592
Intangibles, Net	$ 16,616	$ 22,858

Other Financial Statement In_10

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Accrued Compensation and Related Benefits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Accrued payroll and related costs	$ 2,262	$ 2,052
Accrued bonus	18,254	17,081
Accrued commissions	6,410	5,143
Accrued acquisition-related compensation	0	5,470
Other	3,179	2,929
Accrued compensation and related benefits	$ 30,105	$ 32,675

Other Financial Statement In_11

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Accrued Expense And Other Current Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Accrued purchase consideration	$ 20,000	$ 0
Accrued legal and related costs	3,839	3,102
Accrued license fee	0	6,231
Accrued royalties for licensed technologies	5,455	4,707
Accrued property and equipment	3,199	26,750
Accrued professional services	6,577	5,180
Product warranties	8,116	3,023
Taxes payable	5,049	4,079
Other	4,413	6,707
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$ 56,648	$ 59,779

Other Financial Statement In_12

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Changes in the Reserve for Product Warranties (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Movement in Standard and Extended Product Warranty Accrual, Increase (Decrease) [Roll Forward]
Beginning of period	$ 3,023	$ 994
Amounts charged to cost of revenue	10,701	5,708
Repairs and replacements	(5,608)	(3,679)
End of period	$ 8,116	$ 3,023

Other Financial Statement In_13

Other Financial Statement Information - Summary Of The Change In Contract Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Contract with Customer, Liability [Roll Forward]
Beginning of period	$ 11,032	$ 7,688
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the year	(6,588)	(4,793)
Revenue deferred excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period	17,520	8,137
End of period	$ 21,964	$ 11,032

Other Financial Statement In_14

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Revenue by Source (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 618,727	$ 516,409	$ 490,490
Instruments
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	123,471	72,396	64,474
Chromium
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	47,866	58,552	64,171
Spatial
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	75,605	13,844	303
Consumables
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	479,553	435,588	418,740
Chromium
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	420,316	400,433	390,883
Spatial
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	59,237	35,155	27,857
Services
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 15,703	$ 8,425	$ 7,276

Other Financial Statement In_15

Other Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Revenue by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 618,727	$ 516,409	$ 490,490
Americas
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	373,192	293,778	264,988
United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	360,091	284,987	258,274
Americas (excluding United States)
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	13,101	8,791	6,714
Europe, Middle East and Africa
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	142,276	117,068	108,491
Asia-Pacific
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	103,259	105,563	117,011
China
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	50,965	64,356	77,899
Asia-Pacific (excluding China)
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 52,294	$ 41,207	$ 39,112

Income Tax - Schedule Of Income

Income Tax - Schedule Of Income (Loss) Before Provision For Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	$ (248,763)	$ (161,971)	$ (53,715)
United States
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	(263,292)	(172,038)	(73,070)
International
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	$ 14,529	$ 10,067	$ 19,355

Income Tax - Provision for Inco

Income Tax - Provision for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Current provision:
Federal	$ 351	$ 0	$ 0
State	180	533	50
Foreign	6,252	3,360	5,148
Total current provision for income taxes	6,783	3,893	5,198
Deferred provision:
Federal	0	0	0
State	0	0	0
Foreign	(447)	136	(690)
Total deferred provision for income taxes	(447)	136	(690)
Total provision for income taxes	$ 6,336	$ 4,029	$ 4,508

Income Tax - Schedule Of Reconc

Income Tax - Schedule Of Reconciliation Of The Federal Statutory Income Tax Provision (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax provision at federal statutory rate	$ (52,240)	$ (34,014)	$ (11,280)
State taxes, net of federal benefit	(14,831)	(11,782)	(20,136)
Tax credits	(14,551)	(9,028)	(11,836)
Foreign taxes	3,888	1,522	142
Stock-based compensation	2,422	5,812	(78,852)
Change in valuation allowance	79,551	50,077	126,386
Acquisition related expenses	2,296	0	(793)
Other	(199)	1,442	877
Total provision for income taxes	$ 6,336	$ 4,029	$ 4,508

Income Tax - Schedule Of Major

Income Tax - Schedule Of Major Components Of Deferred Tax Assets And Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Deferred tax assets
Net operating loss carryforwards	$ 166,607	$ 175,018
Research and development tax credits	89,521	69,271
Accruals and reserves	10,610	7,116
Operating lease liability	22,000	21,873
Intangibles	39,117	39,061
Stock-based compensation	24,342	20,910
Capitalized research and development	108,255	49,462
Total deferred tax assets	460,452	382,711
Valuation allowance	(443,074)	(364,263)
Net deferred tax assets	17,378	18,448
Deferred tax liabilities
Property and equipment	(2,609)	(4,046)
Operating right-of-use assets	(14,975)	(15,054)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(17,584)	(19,100)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$ (206)	$ (652)

Income Tax - Additional Informa

Income Tax - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Nov. 01, 2013
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Change in valuation allowance	$ 78,800	$ 51,100
Operating loss carryforwards, limitation amount				$ 4,800
Unrecognized gross tax benefits	45,713	31,755	$ 23,759
Unrecognized gross tax benefit that would affect effective tax rate if recognized	2,700	$ 2,400
Interest and penalties accrued	900
Interest and penalties expense	500
Domestic Tax Authority
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	672,300
Tax credit carryforward	77,300
Domestic Tax Authority | Operating Loss Carryforwards, Indefinitely Carried Forward
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	665,900
State and Local Jurisdiction
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	412,200
Tax credit carryforward	$ 58,500

Income Tax - Schedule Of Unreco

Income Tax - Schedule Of Unrecognized Gross Tax Benefits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year	$ 31,755	$ 23,759
Reductions based on prior year tax provisions	0	(380)
Additions based on prior year tax provisions	3,511	2,474
Additions based on current year tax provisions	10,447	5,902
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year	$ 45,713	$ 31,755

Commitments and Contingencies -

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		12 Months Ended
	Nov. 17, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 20, 2023
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Minimum purchase commitment		$ 13
Minimum purchase commitment term		2 years
Operating lease cost		$ 13.6	$ 13.1	$ 10.5
Variable lease cost		0.2	0.4	0.6
Operating lease payments		15.2	$ 12.1	$ 6.2
Amortization of right-of-use assets		4.9
Contingency, damages sought, value	$ 31
Amount of lost profits	25
Payments for royalties	$ 6
Security deposit					$ 2.3
Research and development
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Amortization of right-of-use assets		2.1
Selling, general and administrative
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Amortization of right-of-use assets		$ 2.8
Maximum
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Operating lease term		10 years
Intellectual Property
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Contractual obligation		$ 14.6
Contractual obligation term		15 years
Software Development
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Contractual obligation		$ 20.5
Contractual obligation term		6 years

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Company's Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2024	$ 16,719
2025	14,884
2026	15,438
2027	15,639
2028	15,793
Thereafter	40,720
Total lease payments	119,193
Less: imputed interest	(23,823)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	95,370
Operating lease liabilities, current	11,521	$ 9,037
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	83,849	$ 86,139
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 95,370

Commitments and Contingencies_3

Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Additional Information Related to Operating Leases (Details)	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Weighted-average remaining lease term, operating leases	7 years 6 months	8 years 1 month 6 days
Weighted-average discount rate, operating leases	5.90%	5.50%

Capital Stock - Additional Info

Capital Stock - Additional Information (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2023 vote $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 $ / shares shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares of capital stock authorized (in shares)	1,200,000,000
Common stock authorized (in shares)	1,100,000,000	1,100,000,000
Preferred stock authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common Class A
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock authorized (in shares)	1,000,000,000	1,000,000,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.00001
Number of votes per share | vote	1
Common Class B
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.00001
Number of votes per share | vote	10
Convertible Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock authorized (in shares)	100,000,000

Capital Stock - Schedule of Com

Capital Stock - Schedule of Common Stock Issued and Outstanding (Details) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Class B common stock converted to Class A common stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares converted (in shares)	4,610,422	979,210	3,035,000

Equity Incentive Plans - Additi

Equity Incentive Plans - Additional Information (Detail) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 shares	Sep. 30, 2022 shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) d $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) d $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares
Restricted stock units, granted (in shares) | shares			2,320,714
Weighted-average grant date fair value, granted (in dollars per share)			$ 50.08
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Unrecognized stock-based compensation | $			$ 224.6
Weighted-average period of recognition for stock options			2 years
2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Percentage increase in shares on stock outstanding			5%
Contractual term			10 years
Stock options grant date fair value (in dollars per share)			$ 33.67	$ 32.95	$ 108.05
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised | $			$ 78	$ 89.5	$ 572.2
Unrecognized stock-based compensation | $			$ 48.5
Weighted-average period of recognition for stock options			2 years
2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan | Minimum
Exercise price percentage on fair market value			100%
2019 Plan | Performance Stock Options and Restricted stock Units
Restricted stock units, granted (in shares) | shares	172,842	709,025
March 2023 Market-based Performance Awards
Threshold consecutive day | d			20
Weighted-average grant date fair value, granted (in dollars per share)			$ 43.13
Employee benefits and share-based compensation | $			$ 5.1
March 2023 Market-based Performance Awards | Tranche One
Proceeds from issuance of stock (in dollars per share)			$ 72.14
March 2023 Market-based Performance Awards | Tranche Two
Proceeds from issuance of stock (in dollars per share)			96.19
March 2023 Market-based Performance Awards | Tranche Three
Proceeds from issuance of stock (in dollars per share)			$ 120.24
September 2022 Market-based Performance Awards
Threshold consecutive day | d				20
Weighted-average grant date fair value, granted (in dollars per share)				$ 22.55
Employee benefits and share-based compensation | $			$ 10	$ 3.3
September 2022 Market-based Performance Awards | Tranche One
Proceeds from issuance of stock (in dollars per share)				$ 60
September 2022 Market-based Performance Awards | Tranche Two
Proceeds from issuance of stock (in dollars per share)				80
September 2022 Market-based Performance Awards | Tranche Three
Proceeds from issuance of stock (in dollars per share)				105
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Percentage increase in shares on stock outstanding			1%
Stock options grant date fair value (in dollars per share)			$ 16.91	$ 33.74
Unrecognized stock-based compensation | $			$ 1.3
Weighted-average period of recognition for stock options			4 months 24 days
Employee contribution percentage			15%
Offering period			6 months
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Employee Stock
Common stock reserved for issuance (in shares) | shares			2,891,063
Common Class A | 10x Genomics, Inc. 2012 Stock Plan
Common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options (in shares) | shares			2,563,328
Common Class A | 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options (in shares) | shares			16,300,671
Shares issuable in connection with outstanding awards (in shares) | shares			5,334,134
Common stock reserved for issuance (in shares) | shares			11,000,000
Share-based payment award, number of shares authorized (in shares) | shares			11,000,000
Common Class A | 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Common stock reserved for issuance (in shares) | shares			3,486,671
Common Class A | 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Employee Stock
Shares issued in period for previously outstanding awards (in shares) | shares			217,537	151,028

Equity Incentive Plans - Schedu

Equity Incentive Plans - Schedule of Share-Based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions (Detail) - 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Outstanding Options
Outstanding options, Beginning balance (in shares)	7,964,557
Outstanding options, Granted (in shares)	387,757
Outstanding Options, Exercised (in shares)	(1,782,196)
Cancelled and forfeited (in shares)	(623,332)
Outstanding options, Ending balance (in shares)	5,946,786	7,964,557
Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 37.10
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Granted (in dollars per share)	51.31
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised (in dollars per share)	6.76
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Cancelled and forfeited (in dollars per share)	84.31
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 42.17	$ 37.10
Options Outstanding, Weighted-Average Remaining Term (Years)	6 years 3 months 18 days	6 years 4 months 24 days
Options Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	$ 144,350,070	$ 128,069,003
Weighted-Average Remaining Terms and Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding Options, Vested and exercisable (in shares)	4,460,855
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Vested and exercisable (in dollars per share)	$ 36.82
Options Outstanding, Weighted-Average Remaining Term, Vested and exercisable	5 years 6 months
Options Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested and exercisable	$ 129,774,778

Equity Incentive Plans - Sche_2

Equity Incentive Plans - Schedule of Stock Option Valuation Assumptions (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected dividend	0%	0%	0%
Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	70%	65%	67%
Risk-free interest rate	3.70%	1.60%	1%
Expected term (in years)	5 years 3 months 18 days	5 years 3 months 18 days	6 years
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	71%	71%	69%
Risk-free interest rate	4.60%	4.10%	1.10%
Expected term (in years)	6 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 6 days

Equity Incentive Plans - Sche_3

Equity Incentive Plans - Schedule of RSU Activity (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares
Restricted Stock Units
Restricted Stock Units, Beginning balance (in shares) | shares	5,836,192
Restricted stock units, granted (in shares) | shares	2,320,714
Restricted Stock Units, Vested (in shares) | shares	(1,900,620)
Restricted Stock Units, Cancelled (in shares) | shares	(922,152)
Restricted Stock Units, Ending balance (in shares) | shares	5,334,134
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share)
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 52.21
Weighted-average grant date fair value, granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	50.08
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	59.60
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Cancelled (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	54.42
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 48.26

Equity Incentive Plans - Sche_4

Equity Incentive Plans - Schedule of Share-Based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected dividend	0%	0%	0%
Performance Stock Awards
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	71%	68%
Risk-free interest rate	3.70%	3.40%
Expected dividend	0%	0%

Equity Incentive Plans - Sche_5

Equity Incentive Plans - Schedule of Fair value of the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected dividend	0%	0%	0%
Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	70%	65%	67%
Risk-free interest rate	3.70%	1.60%	1%
Expected term (in years)	5 years 3 months 18 days	5 years 3 months 18 days	6 years
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	71%	71%	69%
Risk-free interest rate	4.60%	4.10%	1.10%
Expected term (in years)	6 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 6 days
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	6 months
Expected dividend	0%	0%	0%
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	49%	81%	47%
Risk-free interest rate	5.24%	1.54%	0.04%
Expected term (in years)		6 months	6 months
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	58%	92%	69%
Risk-free interest rate	5.41%	4.54%	0.06%
Expected term (in years)			1 year

Equity Incentive Plans - Sche_6

Equity Incentive Plans - Schedule of Recorded Stock-Based Compensation Expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations (Details)) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 166,950	$ 136,848	$ 95,962
Cost of revenue
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	7,068	5,259	3,231
Research and development
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	72,804	59,211	41,970
Selling, general and administrative
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 87,078	$ 72,378	$ 50,761

Employee Benefit Plans (Details

Employee Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined contribution plan, employers matching contribution, percentage	100%
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, first percentage	3%
Defined benefit plan, plan assets, contributions by employer	$ 1,800	$ 2,000
Maximum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, plan assets, contributions by employer	$ 2

Net Loss Per Share (Detail)

Net Loss Per Share (Detail) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	11,329,222	13,847,297	9,543,116
Stock options to purchase common stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	5,946,786	7,964,557	8,212,754
Restricted stock units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	5,334,134	5,836,192	1,298,244
Shares committed under ESPP
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	48,302	46,548	13,368
Shares subject to repurchase
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares)	0	0	18,750