| Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding financial reporting. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Remitly Global, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Out-of-Period Adjustment The consolidated financial statements include an adjustment of $4.4 million to stock-based compensation expense and additional paid-in capital, to correct for an error identified by management during the preparation of the financial statements for the three months ended June 30, 2022. This adjustment is to reflect the straight-lining of expense over the full service period for graded-vested stock-based compensation awards under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation , and relates to annual fiscal periods prior to 2022. Management has determined that this error was not material to the historical financial statements in any individual period or in the aggregate and did not result in the previously issued financial statements being materially misstated. Additionally, although the impact to the three months ended June 30, 2022 was considered material, the impact to full year 2022 results was not material. As such, management recorded the correction as an out-of-period adjustment in the three months ended June 30, 2022. Substantially all of the cumulative adjustment was related to stock-based compensation for personnel who support the Company’s general and administrative functions and was recorded to ‘ General and administrative expenses’ within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Use of Estimates The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed within the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition including the treatment of sales incentive programs, reserves for transaction losses, stock-based compensation expense, the carrying value of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities, the recoverability of deferred tax assets, capitalization of software development costs, goodwill, and intangible assets. The key assumptions applied for the value of the intangible assets include revenue growth rates for a hypothetical market participant, selected discount rates, as well as migration curves for developed technology. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that management considers reasonable. Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions, and these differences could be material to the consolidated financial statements. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company holds its cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions throughout the world, which management assesses to be of high credit quality. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents, so long as the Company has legal title to such amounts held in these accounts. Amounts that are held in accounts for which the Company does not have legal title to are recorded separately on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, typically as disbursement prefunding balances. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and various deposit accounts, including accounts held in the Company’s name for the benefit of the Company’s customers for which the Company has control. Restricted Cash The Company has relationships with certain payment processors that are responsible for processing the Company’s incoming customer payments. These processors require the Company to maintain certain restricted cash balances as collateral throughout the term of the processor arrangement. In addition, the Company may be required to maintain restricted cash as a result of other contractual arrangements with vendors and partners. Restricted cash is classified within ‘ Prepaid expenses and other current assets ’ and ‘ Other noncurrent assets, net ’ on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, based on its contractual terms. Disbursement Prefunding The Company maintains relationships with disbursement partners in various countries. These partners are responsible for disbursing funds to recipients. The Company may maintain prefunding balances with these disbursement partners so that they are able to fulfill customer requests. The Company is exposed to the risk of loss in the event the Company’s disbursement partners fail, for any reason, to disburse funds to recipients according to the Company’s instructions. However, historical losses for the disbursement funding accounts have been immaterial. The Company does not earn interest on these balances. The balances are not compensating balances and are not legally restricted. Customer Funds Receivable When customers fund their transactions using credit cards or debit cards, there is a clearing period before the cash is received by the Company from the payment processors of usually one business day. Similarly, when customers provide bank information and authorization for the Company to receive funds via electronic funds transfer, the transactions are submitted via batch and received in cash usually in one to three business days. These card and electronic funds are treated as a receivable from the bank until the cash is received by the Company. The Company evaluates the collectability of its customer funds receivable on a number of factors, including historical losses, aging, payment processor risks, and forecasted losses. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s reserve recorded for uncollectible customer funds receivable was immaterial. The Reserve for Transaction Losses, which includes fraud losses, is further discussed in Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies . Foreign Currency Translation The functional currencies of the Company’s international subsidiaries include, but are not limited to, the Canadian dollar, Euro, and British pound. The functional currency of the Company’s international subsidiaries including, but not limited to, Poland, Nicaragua, and Israel is the U.S. dollar. The results of operations for the Company’s international subsidiaries, with functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar, are translated from the local currency into U.S. dollars using the average exchange rates during each period. All assets and liabilities are translated using exchange rates at the end of each period. All equity transactions and certain assets are translated using historical rates. The consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the acquisition date fair value of net assets, including the amount assigned to identifiable intangible assets, acquired in a business combination. The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually on October 31 and whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that impairment may have occurred. The Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether events or circumstances indicate it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount. The Company considers factors in performing a qualitative assessment, including, but not limited to, general macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, company financial performance, changes in strategy, and other relevant entity-specific events. If the Company elects to bypass the qualitative assessment or does not pass the qualitative assessment, a quantitative assessment is performed. The quantitative assessment compares the carrying value to the fair value of goodwill, with the difference representing an impairment loss. Based on the results of qualitative assessment performed, the Company did not recognize any impairment losses on its goodwill during the periods presented herein. Intangible Assets Intangible assets with finite lives primarily consist of developed technology, customer relationships, and trade names acquired through business combinations or asset acquisitions. Intangible assets acquired through business combinations are recorded at their respective estimated acquisition date fair value and amortized over their estimated useful lives. Other intangible assets acquired through asset acquisitions are recorded at their respective cost. Intangible assets are amortized using a method that reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset are expected to be realized over their estimated useful lives, or straight lined if not materially different. Intangible asset lives are periodically reviewed, assessed, and adjusted as necessary based on changes in facts and circumstances that could impact estimated remaining useful lives. Long-Lived Assets The Company assesses potential impairments to its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If any indicators of impairment are present, the Company tests recoverability. The carrying value of a long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable if the carrying value exceeds the sum of the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated from the use and eventual disposition of the asset or asset group. If the estimated undiscounted future cash flows do not exceed the asset or asset group’s carrying amount, then an impairment loss is recorded, measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group exceeds its estimated fair value. During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, no material impairment of long-lived assets was recorded. Customer Liabilities The Company recognizes transactions processed from customers but not yet disbursed to recipients as ‘ Customer liabilities ’ on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Customer liabilities are typically funds in-transit and the duration is typically one Commitments and Contingencies . Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company establishes the fair value of its certain assets and liabilities using the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities that are required to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which to transact and the market-based risk. The Company applies fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value within the consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis. The carrying values of cash equivalents, disbursement prefunding, customer funds receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and customer liabilities approximate their respective fair values due to their relative short maturities. Fair value principles require disclosures regarding the manner in which fair value is determined for assets and liabilities and establishes a three-tiered fair value hierarchy into which these assets and liabilities must be grouped, based upon significant levels of inputs as follows: Level 1 Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 Inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments. Level 3 Inputs are unobservable inputs based on the Company’s own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. The inputs require significant management judgment or estimation. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, disbursement prefunding, restricted cash, and customer funds receivable. The Company maintains cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash balances that may exceed the insured limits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. In addition, the Company funds its international operations using accounts with institutions in the major countries where its subsidiaries operate. The Company also prefunds amounts which are held by its disbursement partners, which are typically located in India, Mexico, and the Philippines. The Company has not experienced any significant losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents, disbursement prefunding, restricted cash, or customer funds receivable in the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, no individual customer represented 10% or more of total revenues or customer funds receivable. Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: Estimated Useful Lives Capitalized internal-use software 3 years Computer and office equipment 3 years Furniture and fixtures 5 years Leasehold improvements Lesser of useful life or remaining lease term When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gains or losses are included within the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period of disposition. Maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets are charged to expense in the period incurred. Capitalized Internal-Use Software Costs The Company capitalizes internal and external direct costs incurred related to obtaining or developing internal-use software. Costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized and are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the software, generally three years. Costs related to planning and other preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred. Leases A lease is defined as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company’s lease commitments consist primarily of real estate property, used for office space, under various noncancellable operating leases that expire between 2025 and 2032. The majority of the leases contain renewal options and provisions for increases in rental rates based on a predetermined schedule or an agreed upon index. If, at lease inception, the Company considers the exercise of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company will include the extended term in the calculation of the right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and lease liability. The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception by evaluating various factors, including if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration and other facts and circumstances. Lease classification is determined at the lease commencement date. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The lease liability is recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which is based on the lease liability adjusted for lease prepayments, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received or expected to be received. As presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, the ROU asset and lease liability amounts are reduced by tenant improvement allowances which are deemed to be reasonably certain of collection. As the rate implicit in most of its leases is not readily determinable, the Company generally uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at the commencement date. When the Company’s lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease and it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option, the Company considers the option in determining the classification and measurement of the lease. The Company utilized certain practical expedients and policy elections available under the lease accounting standard. The Company has elected to combine lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for its real estate leases. The Company also elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities on its Consolidated Balance Sheets for leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less. The Company recognizes lease payments associated with its short-term leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, which is the noncancellable term adjusted for any renewal and termination options that are considered reasonably certain. Operating leases are included in ‘ Operating lease right-of-use assets ,’ ‘ Operating lease liabilities ,’ and ‘ Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent ’ on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company did not have any material finance leases. Business Combinations and Asset Acquisitions The Company evaluates acquisitions to determine if they meet the definition of a business. If the acquisition does meet the definition of a business, it is accounted for as a business combination. For a business combination, assets acquired and liabilities assumed are generally recorded at their fair value at the date of acquisition. Any excess of the fair value of consideration transferred for the business, over the fair values of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, is recognized as goodwill. Acquisitions that do not meet the criteria to be accounted for as a business combination are accounted for as an asset acquisition. In an asset acquisition, the cost of the acquisition, including transaction costs, is allocated to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities based upon their relative fair values as of the acquisition date, and no goodwill is recognized. Transaction costs related to business combinations are expensed as incurred and are included in ‘ General and administrative expenses ’ within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Transaction costs primarily include external legal, accounting, valuation, and due diligence costs, as well as advisory and other professional services fees necessary to integrate acquired businesses. Refer to Note 6. Business Combinations for detail on transaction costs for the year. Trade Settlement Liabilities The Company’s trade settlement liability represents the total of disbursement postfunding liabilities and book overdrafts owed to its disbursement partners. Disbursement postfunding liabilities are created when the sum of customer transactions related to a specific account held with a disbursement partner are in excess of funds on deposit for the respective account. Book overdrafts are created when the sum of outstanding disbursements related to a bank account or series of accounts to which the Company has legal title are in excess of funds on deposit. Trade settlement liabilities are included within ‘ Accrued expenses and other current liabilities ’ on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Refer to Note 17. Accrued Expenses & Other Current Liabilities for the trade settlement liabilities balances. The Company’s policy is to report the change in trade settlement liabilities as an operating activity in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows based on the underlying nature of the transactions. Revenue Recognition Refer to Note 3. Revenue for information related to the Company’s revenue recognition policy. Sales Incentives The Company provides sales incentives to customers in a variety of forms, including promotions, discounts, and other sales incentives. Evaluating whether a sales incentive is a payment to a customer requires judgment. Sales incentives determined to be consideration payable to a customer or paid on behalf of a customer are accounted for as reductions to revenue, up to the point where net historical cumulative revenue, at the customer level, is reduced to zero. Those additional incentive costs that would have caused the customer level revenue to be negative are classified as advertising expenses and are included as a component of ‘ Marketing expenses ’ within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. In addition, referral credits given to a referrer are classified as ‘ Marketing expenses ,’ as these incentives are paid in exchange for a distinct service. Transaction Expenses Transaction expenses include fees paid to disbursement partners for paying funds to the recipient, provisions for transaction losses, and fees paid to payment processors for funding transactions. Transaction expenses also include chargebacks, fraud prevention, fraud management tools, and compliance tools. The Company establishes reserves for transaction losses based on historical trends and any specific risks identified in processing customer transactions. This reserve is included in ‘ Accrued expenses and other current liabilities’ on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Refer to Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies for a rollforward of the Company’s reserve for transaction losses for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. Customer Support and Operations Customer support and operations expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses associated with the Company’s customer support and operations organization, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense, as well as third-party costs for customer support services, and travel and related office expenses. This includes the Company’s customer service teams which directly support the Company’s customers, consisting of online support and call centers, and other costs incurred to support the Company’s customers, including related telephony costs to support these teams, customer protection and risk teams, investments in tools to effectively service the Company’s customers, and increased customer self-service capabilities. Customer support and operations expenses also include corporate communication costs and professional services fees. Marketing Marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising costs used to attract new customers, including branding-related expenses. Marketing expenses also include personnel-related expenses associated with the Company’s marketing organization staff, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense, promotions, costs for software subscription services dedicated for use by the Company’s marketing functions, and outside services contracted for marketing purposes. Advertising Advertising expenses are charged to operations as incurred and are included as a component of ‘ Marketing expenses ’ within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Advertising expenses are used primarily to attract new customers. Advertising expenses totaled $225.4 million, $181.3 million and $139.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Technology and Development Technology and development expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses for employees involved in the research, design, development, and maintenance of both new and existing products and services, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense. Technology and development expenses also include professional services fees and costs for software subscription services dedicated for use by the Company’s technology and development teams, as well as other company-wide technology tools. Technology and development expenses also include product and engineering teams used to support the development of both internal infrastructure and internal-use software, to the extent such costs do not qualify for capitalization. Technology and development costs are generally expensed as incurred and do not include software development costs which qualify for capitalization as internal-use software. The amortization of internal-use software costs which were capitalized in accordance with ASC 350-40, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software , are separately presented under the caption ‘ Depreciation and amortization ’ within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. General and Administrative General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses for the Company’s finance, legal, compliance, human resources, facilities, administrative personnel, and other leadership functions, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense. General and administrative expenses also include professional services fees, software subscriptions, facilities, indirect taxes, credit losses, and other corporate expenses, including acquisition and integration expenses. Such expenses primarily include external legal, accounting, valuation, and due diligence costs, advisory and other professional services fees necessary to integrate acquired businesses. Refer to Note 6. Business Combinations for further details. Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares determined for the basic earnings per share plus the dilutive effect of stock options, unvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and ESPP related shares. As the Company had losses for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 all potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive, and accordingly, basic net loss per share equaled diluted net loss per share. Stock-Based Compensation Equity Incentive Plans and Employee Stock Purchase Plans The Company grants equity awards under its equity incentive plans, as well as its employee stock purchase plan. Equity Plans In 2011, the Company adopted the Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the “2011 Plan”), which provided for the issuance of up to 43,899,677 incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, restricted common stock, RSUs and stock appreciation rights to employees, directors, officers, and consultants of the Company. In September 2021, the Company adopted the Remitly Global, Inc. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the “2021 Plan,” and together with the 2011 Plan, the “Plan”) as a successor to the 2011 Plan. The 2021 Plan authorizes the issuance of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, restricted common stock, stock appreciation rights, RSUs, and performance and stock bonus awards. Pursuant to the 2021 Plan, incentive stock options may be granted only to Company employees. The Company may grant all other types of awards to its employees, directors, and consultants. The 2021 Plan is administered by the Company’s board of directors, which determines the terms of the grants, including exercise price, number of equity awards granted, and vesting schedule. The 2021 Plan provided for the initial issuance of up to 25,000,000 shares of common stock, plus any reserved shares not issued or subject to outstanding grants under the 2011 Plan, which was 552,736 on the effective date of the 2021 Plan, for a total of 25,552,736 shares initially reserved for issuance under the 2021 Plan. Beginning in January 2022, the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2021 Plan will increase automatically on January 1 of each year through 2031 by the number of shares equal to 5% of the aggregate number of outstanding shares of all classes of common stock as of the immediately preceding December 31, or a lesser number as may be determined by the Company’s talent and compensation committee, or by the Company’s board of directors acting in place of the talent and compensation committee. In addition, in September 2021, the Company adopted the Remitly Global, Inc. 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) to enable eligible employees to purchase shares of common stock with accumulated payroll deductions at a discount. The ESPP provided for the initial issuance of up to 3,500,000 shares of common stock. Beginning in January 2022, the number of shares reserved for issuance and sale under the ESPP will increase automatically on January 1 of each year through 2031 by the number of shares equal to 1% of the aggregate number of outstanding shares of all classes of common stock as of the immediately preceding December 31, or a lesser number as may be determined by the Company’s talent and compensation committee, or by the Company’s board of directors acting in place of the talent and compensation committee. Subject to stock splits, recapitalizations, or similar events, no more than 35,000,000 shares of common stock may be issued over the term of the ESPP. The ESPP is intended to qualify under Section 423 of the Code, provided that the administrator may adopt sub-plans under the ESPP designed to be outside of the scope of Section 423 for participants who are non-U.S. residents. Fair Value Assumptions The Company measures stock-based compensation expense for both stock options granted under its equity incentive plans, and purchase rights issued under its ESPP, by calculating the estimated fair value of each employee and nonemployee award at the grant date or modification date by applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model (the “model”). The model utilizes the fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the measurement date, the expected or contractual term of the option, the expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, and expected dividend yield of the common stock. Stock-based compensation for restricted stock units are measured based on the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of the Company’s common stock is determined by the closing price, on the date of grant, of its common stock, which is traded on the NASDAQ. Expected term. The Company calculates the expected term based on the average period the options are expected to remain outstanding using the simplified method, generally calculated as the midpoint of the requisite service period and the contractual term of the award. Expected volatility. The Company bases its estimate of expected volatility on the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock as well as the historical volatility of comparable companies from a representative peer group selected based on industry, financial, and market capitalization data. Risk-free interest rate. The risk-free interest rate used in the model is based on the implied yield currently available for the U.S. Treasury securities at maturity with an equivalent term. Expected dividend yield. The Company’s expected dividend yield is zero as it has not declared nor paid any dividends during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 and does not currently expect to do so in the future. Stock-based Compensation Expense Recognition Stock-based compensation expense is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is typically the vesting period of the respective award; however, in some instances, the vesting percentages differ throughout the service period. In all instances, the amount of compensation cost recognized at any date is at least equal to the portion of the grant-date value of the award that is legally vested. Forfeitures are recognized in the period in which they occur. Stock Options Stock options granted under the Plan generally vest over a period from two |
