| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates: We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect a number of amounts in our consolidated financial statements. Significant accounting policy elections, estimates and assumptions include, among others, valuation assumptions of goodwill and intangible assets, useful lives of long-lived assets, sales incentives, income taxes and benefit plan assumptions. We base our estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable. If actual amounts differ from estimates, we include the revisions in our consolidated results of operations in the period the actual amounts become known. Historically, the aggregate differences, if any, between our estimates and actual amounts in any year have not had a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. Currency Translation: Our consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars, which is our reporting currency. We translate the results of operations of our subsidiaries with functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar using average exchange rates during each period and translate balance sheet accounts using exchange rates at the end of each period. We record currency translation adjustments as a component of stockholders’ equity within accumulated other comprehensive income and transaction gains and losses in other expense, net in our consolidated statements of income. Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits with banks and all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. We maintain our bank accounts with a relatively small number of high quality financial institutions. Cash balances held by non-U.S. entities as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were $2 million and $7 million, respectively. Accounts Receivable: Accounts receivable are recorded at face amounts less an allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance is an estimate based on historical collection experience, current economic and market conditions and a review of the current status of each customer’s trade accounts receivable balance. We evaluate the aging of the accounts receivable balances and the financial condition of our customers to estimate the amount of accounts receivable that may not be collected in the future and record the appropriate provision. The allowance for doubtful accounts was not material as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we entered into an accounts receivable factoring agreement with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. to sell certain accounts receivable up to $190 million. The outstanding balance owed under the factoring arrangement as of December 31, 2022 was $15 million. Transactions under this agreement are accounted for as sales of accounts receivable, and the receivables sold are removed from the consolidated balance sheet at the time of the sales transaction. We classify proceeds received from the sales of accounts receivable as an operating cash flow in the consolidated statement of cash flows. We record the discount as other expense, net in the consolidated statement of income. Inventories: We value our inventories using the first-in, first-out method. Inventory is valued at actual cost, which includes raw materials, supplies, direct labor and manufacturing overhead associated with production. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, which includes any costs to sell or dispose. In addition, appropriate consideration is given to obsolescence, excessive inventory levels, product deterioration and other factors in evaluating net realizable value. Long-Lived Assets: Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less depreciation, which is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Machinery and equipment are depreciated over periods ranging from 5 to 20 years and buildings and building improvements over periods ranging from 15 to 40 years. Finite-lived intangible assets, which primarily consist of customer relationships, are stated at historical cost and amortized using the straight-line method (which reflects the pattern of how the assets’ economic benefits are consumed) over the assets' estimated useful lives which range from 18 to 20 years. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. When property, plant or equipment is sold or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation is removed from the respective accounts and any gain or loss realized on disposition is reflected in other expense, net in our consolidated statements of income. We review long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangible assets, for recoverability on an ongoing basis. Changes in depreciation or amortization are recorded prospectively when estimates of the remaining useful lives or residual values of long-lived assets change. We also review our long-lived assets for impairment when conditions exist that indicate the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. In those circumstances, we perform undiscounted cash flow analysis to determine if an impairment exists. When testing for asset impairment, we group assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which cash flows are separately identifiable. If an impairment loss is recorded, it is calculated as the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its estimated fair value as determined by an estimate of discounted future cash flows. Depending on the nature of the asset, impairment losses are recorded in either cost of sales or selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of income. There were no impairments of long-lived assets in any of the years presented. Leases: We determine whether a contract is or contains a lease at contract inception. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets are recognized at the commencement date at the value of the lease liability, adjusted for any prepayments, lease incentives received and initial direct costs incurred. Lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease term. For operating leases, following initial recognition, lease liability balances are amortized using the effective interest method, while the related operating lease ROU assets are adjusted by the difference between the fixed lease expense recognized under a straight-line method and the interest expense associated with the effective interest method in the period. Some of our leases contain non-lease components, for example common area or other maintenance costs, that relate to the lease components of the agreement. Non-lease components and the lease components to which they relate are accounted for as a single lease component as we have elected to combine lease and non-lease components for all classes of underlying assets. All operating lease cash payments are recorded within cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. Principal cash payments on finance leases are recorded within cash flows from financing activities, while interest payments associated with finance leases are recorded within cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. Our lease agreements do not include significant restrictions, covenants or residual value guarantees. Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets: Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired. We test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis in the fourth quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable. We assess goodwill impairment risk by performing a qualitative review of entity-specific, industry, market and general economic factors affecting our goodwill reporting units. Depending on factors such as prior-year test results, current year developments, current risk evaluations and other practical considerations, we may elect to perform quantitative testing instead. In our quantitative testing, we compare a reporting unit’s estimated fair value with its carrying value. Estimating the fair value of individual reporting units requires us to make assumptions and estimates regarding our future plans and industry and economic conditions. The key assumptions associated with determining the estimated fair value are forecasted Adjusted EBITDA and a relevant earnings multiple. Our actual results and conditions may differ over time. If the carrying value of a reporting unit’s net assets exceeds its fair value, we would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. Our indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of certain trade names. We test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis in the fourth quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Depending on factors such as prior-year test results, current year developments, current risk evaluations and other practical considerations, we may elect to perform quantitative testing instead. If potential impairment risk exists for a specific asset, we quantitatively test it for impairment by comparing its estimated fair value with its carrying value. We determine estimated fair value using the relief-from-royalty method, using key assumptions including planned revenue growth rates, market-based discount rates and estimates of royalty rates. If the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value, we consider the asset impaired and reduce its carrying value to the estimated fair value. Revenue Recognition: After assessing our customers' creditworthiness, we recognize revenue when control over products transfers to our customers, which generally occurs upon delivery or shipment of the products. We account for product shipping, handling and insurance as fulfillment activities, with revenues for these activities recorded in net revenues and costs recorded in cost of sales. Any taxes collected on behalf of government authorities are excluded from net revenues. Consideration in our contracts with customers is variable due to anticipated reductions such as discounts, allowances and trade promotions, collectively referred to as “sales incentives”. Accordingly, revenues are recorded net of estimated sales incentives, based on known or expected adjustments. The transaction price reflects our estimate of the amount of consideration to which we will be entitled, using an expected value method. We base these estimates principally on historical utilization and redemption rates, anticipated performance and our best judgment at the time to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue recognized will not occur. Estimates of sales incentives are monitored and adjusted each period until the sales incentives are realized. We consider purchase orders, which in some cases are governed by master supply agreements, to be the contracts with a customer. Key sales terms, such as pricing and quantities ordered, are established frequently, so most customer arrangements and related sales incentives have a duration of one year or shorter. We generally do not have any unbilled receivables at the end of a period. Deferred revenues are not material and primarily include customer advance payments typically collected a few days before product delivery, at which time deferred revenues are reclassified and recorded as net revenues. We generally do not receive non-cash consideration for the sale of goods nor do we grant payment financing terms greater than one year. We do not incur any significant costs to obtain a contract. Marketing, Advertising and Research and Development: We promote our products with marketing and advertising programs. These programs include, but are not limited to, cooperative advertising, in-store displays and consumer marketing promotions. The costs of end-consumer marketing programs that are conducted in conjunction with our customers, such as coupons, are recorded as a reduction to revenue. We do not defer these costs on our consolidated balance sheets and all marketing and advertising costs are recorded as an expense in the year incurred. Advertising expense was $59 million, $43 million and $72 million in the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. We expense product research and development costs as incurred. Research and development expense was $38 million, $36 million and $41 million in the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. We record marketing and advertising as well as research and development expenses in selling, general and administrative expenses. Stock-based Compensation: Stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the period in which the awards vest in accordance with applicable guidance under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. In contemplation of us issuing shares to the public, we granted restricted stock units (“RSUs”) in July 2019 to certain members of management, pursuant to retention agreements entered into with these employees. These RSUs vest upon satisfaction of both a performance-based vesting condition, which was satisfied when we completed our IPO on February 4, 2020, and a service-based vesting condition, which will be satisfied with respect to one-third of an employee’s RSUs on each anniversary from the date of our IPO for three Interest Rate Derivatives: We manage interest rate risk by using interest rate derivative instruments. Interest rate swaps (pay fixed, receive variable) are entered into as cash flow hedges to manage a portion of the interest rate risk associated with our floating-rate borrowings. We record interest rate derivative instruments at fair value (Level 2) and on a net basis by counterparty based on our master netting arrangements. The fair value of our interest rate derivatives is determined using a discounted cash flow method based on market-based swap yield curves, taking into account current interest rates. The instruments are classified in our consolidated balance sheets in other assets Income Taxes: Our income tax expense includes amounts payable or refundable for the current year, the effects of deferred taxes and impacts from uncertain tax positions. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of our assets and liabilities, operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which those differences are expected to reverse. The realization of certain deferred tax assets is dependent on generating sufficient taxable income in the appropriate jurisdiction prior to the expiration of the carryforward periods. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. When assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider any carryback potential, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences (including liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits), future taxable income and tax planning strategies. We recognize the tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained based on the technical merits of the position. The amount we recognize is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon resolution. Future changes related to the expected resolution of uncertain tax positions could affect tax expense in the period when the change occurs. Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures: GAAP establishes a hierarchy for measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following three levels of inputs may be used to measure fair value: • Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. • Level 2 inputs include inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of assets or liabilities. • Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are presented in Note 8 - Financial Instruments. We had no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis in any of the years presented. In addition to fair value disclosure requirements related to financial instruments carried at fair value, accounting standards require disclosures regarding the fair value of all of our financial instruments. The carrying values of cash equivalents, accounts receivables, other receivables, related party receivables, accounts payable, related party payables and accrued and other current liabilities are reasonable estimates of their fair values as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Variable Interest Entities: Variable interest entities (“VIEs”) are primarily entities that lack sufficient equity to finance their activities without additional financial support from other parties or whose equity holders, as a group, lack one or more of the following characteristics: (a) direct or indirect ability to make decisions, (b) obligation to absorb expected losses or (c) right to receive expected residual returns. Prior to our separation from PEI Group and IPO, we had a variable interest in one VIE related to our factoring arrangement with PEI Group, described below. Transfers of Financial Assets: Prior to our separation from PEI Group and IPO in February 2020, we accounted for transfers of financial assets, such as non-recourse accounts receivable factoring arrangements, when we surrendered control over the related assets. Determining whether control has transferred requires an evaluation of relevant legal considerations, an assessment of the nature and extent of our continuing involvement with the assets transferred and any other relevant considerations. We had a non-recourse factoring arrangement in which we sold eligible receivables to a special purpose entity (“SPE”) consolidated by PEI Group in exchange for cash. We transferred sold accounts receivables in their entirety to PEI Group and satisfied all of the conditions to report the transfer of financial assets in their entirety as a sale. The SPE was considered to be a VIE, however we were not its primary beneficiary because we did not have the power to direct any of its most significant activities through our arrangement as a collecting agent. On January 30, 2020, we repurchased all of the U.S. accounts receivable sold for $264 million, $240 million of which was settled in cash and the remaining amount used to settle certain current related party receivables. The proceeds from the sales of receivables are included in cash from operating activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance: In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans . This ASU modifies the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We adopted the standard as of January 1, 2021 with no material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. This ASU removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We adopted the standard as of January 1, 2021 with no material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Recently Issued Accounting Guidance: In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting , which provides optional expedients and exceptions to applying the guidance on contract modifications, hedge accounting, and other transactions, to simplify the accounting for transitioning from the London Interbank Offered Rate, and other interbank offered rates expected to be discontinued, to alternative reference rates. This ASU was effective upon its issuance and can be applied prospectively through December 31, 2022. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848, which amended the sunset date of the guidance in Topic 848 to December 31, 2024 from December 31, 2022. We have elected to apply certain cash flow hedge accounting expedients related to assessing probability of future LIBOR denominated cash flows and the effectiveness of the instruments hedging those cash flows. Application of these expedients simplified our assessment of the hedge accounting requirements despite the uncertainties relating to reference rate reform. We continue to evaluate our contracts and assess the impact of this standard and its amendment on our consolidated financial statements. |
