Income Statement Analysis
Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020
Net income increased by $987,000, or 94.3%, to $2.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $1.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020. The increase was due to increases in net interest income of $1.2 million and non-interest income of $1.2 million offset by an increase in non-interest expense of $1.3 million.
Interest income on cash and cash equivalents decreased $14,000, or 27.5%, to $37,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $51,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020 due to a 13 basis point decrease in the average yield on cash and cash equivalents from 0.27% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 to 0.14% for the three months ended December 31, 2021 due to the lower interest rate environment. The decrease was partially offset by a $33.1 million increase in the average balance of cash and cash equivalents to $106.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $73.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020, reflecting excess liquidity as deposit growth exceeded loan growth.
Interest income on loans increased $419,000, or 8.2%, to $5.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $5.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 due to a 17 basis point increase in the average yield on loans from 3.64% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 to 3.81% for the three months ended December 31, 2021 and a $16.0 million increase in the average balance of loans to $577.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $561.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in the average balance of loans reflected the addition of Gibraltar loans.
Interest income on securities increased $86,000, or 23.3%, to $459,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $373,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020 due to a $30.4 million increase in the average balance of securities to $98.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $67.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020, reflecting the purchase of investments with excess liquidity as deposit growth exceeded loan growth, offset by a 32 basis point decrease in the average yield from 2.19% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 to 1.87% for the three months ended December 31, 2021.
Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits decreased $652,000, or 41.6%, to $916,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $1.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020. The decrease was due primarily to a 65 basis point decrease in the average cost of interest-bearing deposits to 0.65% for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from 1.30% for the three months ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in the average cost of deposits was due to the lower interest rate environment and a larger increase in the average balance of lower-cost transaction accounts than the average balance of higher cost certificates of deposit. This decrease was offset by a $80.8 million increase in the average balance of deposits to $557.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $476.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020.
Interest expense on Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings decreased $96,000, or 21.9%, from $438,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020 to $342,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2021. The decrease was due to a decrease in the average cost of borrowings of 15 basis points to 1.56% for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from 1.71% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 due to the lower interest rate environment and a decrease in the average balance of borrowings of $14.7 million to $86.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $101.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020.
Net interest income increased $1.2 million, or 33.4%, to $4.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from $3.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020. The increase reflected a 50 basis point increase in our net interest rate spread to 2.30% for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from 1.80% for the three months ended December 31, 2020. Our net interest margin increased 41 basis points to 2.44% for the three months ended December 31, 2021 from 2.03% for the three months ended December 31, 2020.