Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Accounting estimates and management judgments reflected in the financial statements include: normal recurring accruals, including the accrual of research and development expenses; valuation of deferred tax assets; and stock-based compensation. Although these estimates are based on the Company’s knowledge of current events and actions it may undertake in the future, actual results may materially differ from these estimates and assumptions. Although the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic to the Company’s business and operating results presents additional uncertainty, the Company continues to use the best information available to update its critical accounting estimates. Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. For leases with a term greater than one year, right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. In determining the net present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate which represents an estimated rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow equivalent funds on a collateralized basis at the lease commencement date. Leases are classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. The Company’s leases often include options to extend or terminate the lease. These options are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. As of March 31, 2022, it is not reasonably certain that these options will be exercised and they are not included within the lease term. Redeemable Convertible Noncontrolling Interests The shares third parties own in Kinnjiu represent an interest in the equity the Company does not control. The redeemable convertible noncontrolling interests attributable to other owners has been classified in temporary equity on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as the preferred stock is redeemable by the noncontrolling interests. Since the preferred stock held at Kinnjiu does not represent a residual equity interest, net losses of Kinnjiu are not allocated to the preferred shares. As a result, the balance of the preferred stock classified as a redeemable convertible noncontrolling interest equals its carrying value. Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration of potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. For purposes of the diluted net loss per share calculation, the Company’s common stock options are considered to be potentially dilutive securities. As the Company has reported a net loss for all periods presented, diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for those periods. The following table sets forth the computation of the basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except share and per share amounts): Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 2021 Numerator Net loss attributable to Kinnate $ (26,902 ) $ (17,457 ) Denominator Weighted-average shares outstanding used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted 43,882,920 43,477,439 Net loss per share, basic and diluted $ (0.61 ) $ (0.40 ) The following outstanding shares of potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive: Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 2021 Options to purchase common stock 9,235,652 7,261,364 Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) under its accounting standard codifications (ASC) or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date, unless otherwise discussed below. In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (ASC 842), which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e., lessees and lessors). The new standard requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, respectively. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. ASC 842 provides a lessee with an option to not account for leases with a term of 12 month or less as leases in the scope of the new standard. ASC 842 supersedes the previous leases standard, ASC 840 Leases. For public business entities, this ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and should be applied through a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is permitted. As amended by ASU No. 2020-05, for all other entities, this ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. As a result of the Company having elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act, ASU No. 2016-02 is effective for the Company for the year ended December 31, 2022, and all interim periods within. In July 2018, the FASB issued supplemental adoption guidance and clarification to ASC 842 within ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases and ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements. ASU No. 2018-11 provides another transition method in addition to the existing modified retrospective transition method by allowing entities to initially apply the new leasing standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit in the period of adoption. On January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective approach. Accordingly, prior period financial information and disclosures have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historical accounting under the previous lease standard. In addition, the Company elected the package of practical expedients available for existing contracts, which allowed it to carry forward historical assessments of lease identification, lease classification, and initial direct costs. As a result of adopting ASC 842, the Company recognized right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $3.7 million and $4.2 million, respectively, on January 1, 2021, which are related to the Company’s facility operating leases. The difference between the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities is primarily attributed to unamortized lease incentives. There was no adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as a result of the adoption of ASC 842. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326) (ASC 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which introduced the expected credit losses methodology for the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost basis, replacing the previous incurred loss methodology. The amendments in ASU No. 2016-13 added Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, made several consequential amendments to the Codification. ASU No. 2016-13 also modified the accounting for available-for-sale debt securities, which must be individually assessed for credit losses when fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, in accordance with Subtopic 326-30, Financial Instruments— Credit Losses—Available-for-Sale Debt Securities. The guidance is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those years. For all other entities, the standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022 and interim periods, therein. Early adoption is permitted. Since the Company has elected to use the extended transition period under the JOBS Act available to EGCs, the ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on its financial statements. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes—Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (ASU No. 2019-12). Among other items, the amendments in ASU No. 2019-12 simplify the accounting treatment of tax law changes and year-to-date losses in interim periods. An entity generally recognizes the effects of a change in tax law in the period of enactment; however, there is an exception for tax laws with delayed effective dates. Under current guidance, an entity may not adjust its annual effective tax rate for a tax law change until the period in which the law is effective. This exception was removed under ASU No. 2019-12, thereby providing that all effects of a tax law change are recognized in the period of enactment, including adjustment of the estimated annual effective tax rate. Regarding year-to-date losses in interim periods, an entity is required to estimate its annual effective tax rate for the full fiscal year at the end of each interim period and use that rate to calculate its income taxes on a year-to-date basis. However, current guidance provides an exception that when a loss in an interim period exceeds the anticipated loss for the year, the income tax benefit is limited to the amount that would be recognized if the year-to-date loss were the anticipated loss for the full year. ASU No. 2019-12 removes this exception and provides that, in this situation, an entity would compute its income tax benefit at each interim period based on its estimated annual effective tax rate. ASU No. 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. For EGCs, the standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company does not expect the ASU to have a material impact on its financial statements and related disclosures. |