DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES | DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES Description of Business Opendoor Technologies Inc. (the “Company” and “Opendoor”) including its consolidated subsidiaries and certain variable interest entities (“VIEs”), is a leading digital platform for buying and selling homes. Opendoor streamlines the home selling and buying transaction and creates an end-to-end experience online. Since its inception through March 31, 2021, the Company had completed approximately 90,000 home transactions. As of March 31, 2021, the Company operated in 27 markets across the United States. The Company was incorporated in Delaware on December 30, 2013. Correction of Prior Period Amounts On April 12, 2021, subsequent to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Acting Director of the Division of Corporation Finance and the Acting Chief Accountant of the SEC issued a Staff Statement (the “Staff Statement”) on Accounting and Reporting Considerations for Warrants Issued by Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (“SPACs”). The Company took into consideration the guidance in the Staff Statement and Accounting Standards Codification 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity ("ASC 815-40") and evaluated the Public and Sponsor Warrants (each as defined herein and collectively the "Warrants"). The Warrants were issued in a private placement simultaneously with the closing of the initial public offering of Social Capital Hedosophia Holdings Corp. II (“SCH”), assumed by the Company through the Business Combination (as defined herein) on December 18, 2020, and classified in shareholders' equity as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. While the Company concluded the Public Warrants meet the criteria to continue to be classified in shareholders' equity, the Company concluded the Sponsor Warrants do not meet the scope exception from derivative accounting prescribed by ASC 815-40 and should therefore be recorded as a liability on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at fair value as of the closing of the Business Combination, with subsequent changes in their fair value recognized in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations at each reporting date. The accounting for the Sponsor Warrants does not impact the Company's financial statements in any reporting periods prior to the Business Combination, as the Company assumed the Warrants through the Business Combination which was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. The fair value of the Sponsor Warrants as of the Closing Date on December 18, 2020 and December 31, 2020 amounted to $81.1 million and $47.3 million, respectively. The change in fair value from the Closing Date through December 31, 2020 amounted to a gain of $33.8 million. The impact of the misstatement as of December 31, 2020 resulted in an understatement of the private warrants liability of $47.3 million, and an overstatement of accumulated deficit and additional paid-in capital of $33.8 million and $81.1 million respectively. The Company evaluated the impact of error related to the accounting treatment of Sponsor Warrants with respect to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 and determined, based on consideration of quantitative and qualitative factors, that the error had an immaterial impact, individually and in aggregate. As such, the Company is correcting its accounting for Sponsor Warrants in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The following table provides the impact of the correction on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2020, as presented herein (in thousands): Previously Stated Adjustments As Corrected Warrant liabilities $ — 47,349 $ 47,349 Total liabilities $ 575,575 47,349 $ 622,924 Additional paid-in capital $ 2,677,155 (81,143) $ 2,596,012 Accumulated deficit (1,077,243) 33,794 (1,043,449) Total shareholders' equity $ 1,600,007 (47,349) $ 1,552,658 Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and for the three month periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 include the accounts of Opendoor, its wholly owned subsidiaries and VIEs where the Company is the primary beneficiary. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements herein. As a result of the Business Combination completed on December 18, 2020, prior period share and per share amounts presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and these related notes have been retroactively converted. See “ Note 2— Business Combination” for additional information. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements and these related notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (“Annual Report”) filed on March 4, 2021. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ materially from such estimates. Significant estimates, assumptions and judgments made by management include, among others, the determination of the fair value of common stock, share-based awards, warrants, derivatives, convertible notes, and inventory impairment (“real estate inventory valuation adjustment”). Management believes that the estimates and judgments upon which they rely are reasonable based upon information available to them at the time that these estimates and judgments are made. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, the Company’s financial statements will be affected. The COVID-19 pandemic introduced significant additional uncertainties with respect to estimates, judgments and assumptions, which may materially impact these estimates. Significant Risks and Uncertainties The Company operates in a dynamic industry and, accordingly, can be affected by a variety of factors. For example, the Company believes that changes in any of the following areas could have a significant negative effect on the Company in terms of its future financial position, results of operations or cash flows: public health crises, like the COVID-19 pandemic; its rates of revenue growth; its ability to manage advertising inventory or pricing; engagement and usage of its products; the effectiveness of its investment of resources to pursue strategies; competition in its market; the stability of the residential real estate market; the impact of interest rate changes on demand and its costs; changes in technology, products, markets or services by the Company or its competitors; the addition or loss of significant customers; its ability to maintain or establish relationships with listings and data providers; its ability to obtain or maintain licenses and permits to support its current and future businesses; actual or anticipated changes to its products and services; changes in government regulation affecting its business; the outcomes of legal proceedings; natural disasters and catastrophic events; scaling and adaptation of existing technology and network infrastructure; its management of its growth; its ability to attract and retain qualified employees and key personnel; its ability to successfully integrate and realize the benefits of its past or future strategic acquisitions or investments; the protection of customers’ information and other privacy concerns; the protection of its brand and intellectual property; and intellectual property infringement and other claims, among other things. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, investments in marketable securities, and mortgage loans held for sale pledged under agreements to repurchase (“MLHFS”). The Company places cash and cash equivalents and investments with major financial institutions, which management assesses to be of high credit quality, in order to limit exposure of the Company’s investments. Similarly, the Company’s credit risk on mortgage loans held for sale is mitigated due to a large number of customers. Further, the Company’s credit risk on mortgage loans held for sale is mitigated by the fact that the Company typically sells mortgages on the secondary market within a relatively short period of time after which the Company’s exposure is limited to borrower defaults within the initial few months of the mortgage. The Company’s significant accounting policies are discussed in “Part II – Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 1. Description of Business and Accounting Policies” in the Annual Report. There have been no changes to these significant accounting policies for the three month period ended March 31, 2021, except as noted below. Derivative Instruments The Company’s derivative instruments are comprised of interest rate caps, interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”), and embedded conversion options related to the convertible notes. The Company’s derivative instruments are freestanding in nature and some are utilized as economic hedges. These derivative instruments are recorded at fair value with changes recognized as a gain or loss to operations. Beginning in 2021, the Company changed the fair value classification of IRLCs from Level 2 to Level 3 as the Company began to adjust observable input data for the estimated pull-through rate, a Company specific input that is unobservable to market participants. See “Note 5 — Derivative Instruments” and " Note 8 — Fair Value Disclosures " for further discussion. Non-marketable equity securities Our non-marketable equity securities are strategic investments in a privately held company. Non-marketable equity securities are investments that do not have a readily determinable fair value, which are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, adjusted for changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment in the same issuer (the “Measurement Alternative”). All gains and losses on these investments, realized and unrealized, are recorded in Other income-net on our consolidated statements of operations. We assess whether an impairment loss on our non-marketable equity securities has occurred due to declines in fair value or other market conditions. If any impairment is identified for non-marketable equity securities, we write down the investment to its fair value. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets, among other long-term assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group be tested for possible impairment, the Company first compares undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment loss is recognized to the extent the carrying amount of the underlying asset exceeds its fair value. Impairment loss of $2.6 million was recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Of this amount, $1.9 million and $0.7 million are included in Technology and development and General and administrative, respectively. There were no impairment charges recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The impairment loss recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is related to abandonment of property and equipment and sublease of certain right of use assets. Public and Sponsor Warrants On April 30, 2020, SCH consummated its initial public offering of 41,400,000 units, consisting of one share of Class A common stock and one third of one warrant exercisable for Class A common stock, at a price of $10.00 per unit. Each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share (the “Public Warrants”). Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, SCH completed the private sale of 6,133,333 warrants to SCH’s sponsor at a price of $1.50 per warrant (the “Sponsor Warrants”). Each Sponsor Warrant allows the sponsor to purchase one share of Class A common stock at $11.50 per share. As of December 31, 2020, there were 19,933,333 warrants outstanding. The Sponsor Warrants and shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of Sponsor Warrants may not be transferred, assigned, or sold until 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination. Additionally, the Sponsor Warrants are eligible for cash and cashless exercises, at the holder’s option, and are redeemable only if the reference value, as defined in the Warrant Agreement, is less than $18.00 per share. If the Sponsor Warrants are held by someone other than the sponsors and certain permitted transferees, the Sponsor Warrants will be redeemable and exercisable on the same basis as the Public Warrants. The Company evaluated the Public and Sponsor Warrants under ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity , and concluded that the Sponsor Warrants do not meet the criteria to be classified in shareholders’ equity. Specifically, the exercise and settlement features for the Sponsor Warrants preclude them from being considered indexed to the Company’s own stock, given that a change in the holder of the Sponsor Warrants may alter the settlement of the Sponsor Warrants. Since the holder of the instrument is not an input to a standard option pricing model (a consideration with respect to the indexation guidance), the fact that a change in the holder may impact the value of the Sponsor Warrants means the Sponsor Warrants are not indexed to the Company’s own stock. Since the Private Warrants meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815, the Company recorded these warrants as liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value upon the consummation of the Business Combination, with subsequent changes in their respective fair values recognized in the consolidated statement of operations at each reporting period. The Company concluded that the Public Warrants, which do not have the same exercise and settlement features as the Sponsor Warrants, meet the criteria to be classified in shareholders' equity. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2019-12 eliminates certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. It also clarifies and simplifies other aspects of the accounting for income taxes. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2021 and the adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements given that the Company has a full valuation allowance and the scenarios for which the guidance offer simplification are not significant for the Company. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04 which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference the London Inter- Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. This guidance is optional for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for, or recognizing the effects of, reference rate reform on financial reporting. This guidance is effective from March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. Entities may elect to adopt the amendments for contract modifications as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, or prospectively from a date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, up to the date that the financial statements are available to be issued. The Company may elect to take advantage of this optional guidance in its transition away from LIBOR within certain debt contracts. While the goal of the reference rate reform transition is for it to be economically neutral to entities, the Company has not yet adopted this standard nor has the Company determined the impact the adoption of this guidance will have on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. |