Commitments and Contingencies | Commitments and Contingencies From time to time, we may be subject to various lawsuits and other claims, as well as gain contingencies, in the ordinary course of our business. In addition, from time to time, we receive communications from government or regulatory agencies concerning investigations or allegations of noncompliance with laws or regulations in jurisdictions in which we operate. We establish reserves for specific liabilities in connection with regulatory and legal actions that we determine to be both probable and reasonably estimable. If a potentially material loss contingency is not probable, but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability is disclosed, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if the range is determinable and material. In certain of the matters described below, we are not able to estimate potential liability because of the uncertainties related to the outcome(s) and/or the amount(s) or range(s) of loss. While it is not possible to determine the ultimate disposition of each of these matters, the ultimate resolution of pending regulatory and legal matters in future periods, including the matters described below, may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and/or liquidity. The Company may also incur material defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other adverse effects on our business, financial condition, and/or results of operations. Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation Sterigenics U.S., LLC (“Sterigenics”) and other medical supply sterilization companies have been subjected to tort lawsuits alleging various injuries caused by low-level environmental exposure to EO emissions from sterilization facilities. Those lawsuits, as detailed further below, are individual claims, as opposed to class actions. Illinois More than 854 plaintiffs filed lawsuits, and approximately 28 individuals threatened to file lawsuits, alleging personal injuries or wrongful death resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from Sterigenics’ former Willowbrook facility. The lawsuits were consolidated for pre-trial purposes by the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois (the “Consolidated Case”). The first jury trial began in August 2022 and, on September 19, 2022, the jury rendered a verdict in favor of the plaintiff and awarded damages in the amount of $358.7 million, including $36.1 million of compensatory damages, $320.0 million of punitive damages and $2.6 million of prejudgment interest against Sterigenics and Sotera Health LLC (the “Defendant Subsidiaries”). The Defendant Subsidiaries filed a Motion for Post Trial Relief, which was denied on December 19, 2022. On January 9, 2023, the Defendant Subsidiaries filed a Notice of Appeal to the First District Appellate Court in Illinois. The second jury trial began in October 2022 and, on November 18, 2022, the jury returned a defense verdict on all counts. On January 4, 2023, the plaintiff in the second trial filed a motion for post-trial relief seeking an order reversing and/or vacating the verdict, granting a new trial, and/or entering judgment in the plaintiff’s favor notwithstanding the verdict. On January 9, 2023, the Defendant Subsidiaries entered into binding term sheets (the “Willowbrook Term Sheets”) with the “Plaintiffs’ Executive Committee” (the “PEC”) appointed to act on behalf of the more than 20 law firms (“Plaintiffs’ Counsel”) representing the plaintiffs in the Consolidated Case and other clients with personal injury claims that had not yet been filed (each an “Eligible Claimant” and collectively, the “Eligible Claimants”). Based on our assessment that it was probable that the conditions to the Willowbrook Term Sheets would be satisfied or waived, we recorded a charge of $408.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Willowbrook Term Sheets provided an agreed path to final settlement of the Eligible Claimants’ claims, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including the negotiation and execution of full settlement agreements in accordance with the Willowbrook Term Sheets. On March 28, 2023, the Defendant Subsidiaries and the PEC entered into full settlement agreements (the “Willowbrook Settlement Agreements”) to resolve the claims that were or could have been alleged by 882 Eligible Claimants related to or arising from alleged emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ operations in or around Willowbrook and related claims that were or could have been alleged by Eligible Claimants seeking to challenge any transfer of assets to or from the Company, its subsidiaries and certain affiliates to any other entity or person (the “Willowbrook Covered Claims”). The Company and Defendant Subsidiaries deny any liability for the Willowbrook Covered Claims and, per their express terms, the Willowbrook Settlement Agreements are not to be construed as an admission of liability or that the Company or Defendant Subsidiaries engaged in any wrongful, tortious, or unlawful activity or that use and/or emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ operations posed any safety hazard to the surrounding communities. The Willowbrook Settlement Agreements provided that final settlement was conditioned, among other things, on successful completion of a claims administration process and satisfaction (or waiver by the Defendant Subsidiaries) of specific participation requirements, the dismissal with prejudice of the Willowbrook Covered Claims of all Eligible Claimants participating in the settlement, and court approval of the settlement as a good faith settlement under the Illinois Joint Contribution Among Tortfeasors Act. On May 1, 2023, Sterigenics contributed $408.0 million to settlement escrow funds (the “Settlement Funds”) to be used, if the conditions of the Willowbrook Settlement Agreements were satisfied or waived, to pay all settlement fees and expenses and cash payments to the Eligible Claimants participating in the settlement. The claims administration process concluded with 879 of 882 Eligible Claimants providing opt-in consents to participate in the settlement (the “Settling Claimants”). Pursuant to the Willowbrook Settlement Agreements, the three Eligible Claimants who did not opt in (each a “Non-Settling Willowbrook Claimant,” and collectively the “Non-Settling Willowbrook Claimants”) created an option for the Defendant Subsidiaries to exercise walkaway rights. On June 22, 2023, after evaluating the available information about the claims of the Non-Settling Willowbrook Claimants, the Defendant Subsidiaries waived their walkaway rights and chose to proceed to final settlement with the Settling Claimants (the “Willowbrook Settlement”). On June 23, 2023, the Circuit Court of Cook County entered an order confirming that the Willowbrook Settlement was a good-faith settlement under the Illinois Contribution Among Joint Tortfeasors Act. On June 30, 2023, the Settlement Funds were released from escrow to the PEC’s Qualified Settlement Funds. The amounts allocated by the PEC to the Non-Settling Willowbrook Claimants represent an immaterial fraction of the Settlement Funds and will remain in escrow until December 31, 2023, at which point, absent an opt-in election by a Non-Settling Willowbrook Claimant, the funds allocated to that Non-Settling Willowbrook Claimant will revert to Sterigenics. On July 6, 2023, the claims of the Settling Claimants against the Defendant Subsidiaries were dismissed with prejudice, with the Circuit Court of Cook County retaining jurisdiction to adjudicate disputes over liens on the settlement proceeds to be paid to the Settling Claimants and to oversee the administration of the settlements of the wrongful death cases. The three Non-Settling Willowbrook Claimants’ cases will proceed in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois. Between June 2023 and September 2023, eight new personal injury lawsuits relating to the Willowbrook facility were filed in the Circuit Court of Cook County against Sterigenics, Sotera Health Services, LLC and other parties (the “Post-Settlement Willowbrook Cases”). One Post-Settlement Willowbrook Case has been removed to the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, and a motion to remand is pending. The remaining Post-Settlement Willowbrook Cases will proceed in the Circuit Court of Cook County. Georgia Subsidiaries of the Company and other parties are defendants in lawsuits in the State Court of Cobb County, Georgia and the State Court of Gwinnett County, Georgia in which plaintiffs allege personal injuries and property devaluation resulting from emissions or releases of EO from or at Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility and seek damages and other forms of relief. One personal injury lawsuit pending in Gwinnett County (the “Buczek case”) was scheduled to begin trial in late October 2023. Approximately 300 personal injury claims pending in Cobb County have been consolidated for pretrial purposes (the “Consolidated Personal Injury Cases”) and are proceeding under a case management order pursuant to which a “pool” of these cases will proceed to determination of general causation issues in Phase 1 and specific causation issues in Phase 2; the first trial of any “pool” case that survives Phases 1 and 2 is expected to begin in September or October 2025. The remaining Consolidated Personal Injury Cases are stayed. One personal injury lawsuit pending in Cobb County has not been consolidated and is proceeding independently. Nine lawsuits pending in Cobb County include both personal injury and property claims (the “Dual Injury Cases”). By agreement of the parties, the Dual Injury Cases will be included in the Consolidated Personal Injury Cases and stayed. Our subsidiaries are also defendants in approximately 365 property devaluation lawsuits. One property lawsuit was filed in the State Court of Gwinnett County. The remaining property lawsuits were filed in the State Court of Cobb County, have been consolidated for pretrial purposes (the “Consolidated Property Cases”) and are proceeding under a case management order pursuant to which ten cases will proceed with dispositive motions and discovery while the remaining cases are stayed. On October 16, 2023, Sterigenics and Sotera Health LLC entered into a binding term sheet (the “October 2023 Term Sheet”) outlining an agreement in principle to resolve the Buczek case and the 78 other Georgia EO claims being pursued by Plaintiff’s counsel in the Buczek case (the “Gwinnett and Cobb Counties Settlement”), including the property devaluation case pending in the State Court of Gwinnett County and 77 personal injury claims pending in the State Court of Cobb Country (each individually a “Covered Claim” and collectively the “Covered Claims”). Pursuant to the October 2023 Term Sheet, Sterigenics will pay $35.0 million and the Covered Claims will be dismissed with prejudice. The settlement process is expected to be finalized by the end of the year. The Gwinnett and Cobb Counties Settlement is subject to 100% of the plaintiffs with Covered Claims consenting to their respective settlement payment allocations, which will be determined by the plaintiffs’ lawyers. Sterigenics has the right to waive the 100% participation requirement, in which case the Gwinnett and Cobb Counties Settlement will be binding on only those plaintiffs who opt into the settlement. On October 17, 2023, the State Court of Gwinnett County stayed the Buczek trial. The final settlement of the Covered Claims in the Gwinnett and Cobb Counties Settlement may not occur or may not occur for all Covered Claims if the conditions of the settlement are not met, including, but not limited to, a failure to satisfy the 100% participation requirement. The October 2023 Term Sheet expressly provides that Sterigenics and Sotera Health LLC deny all liability and that nothing in the October 2023 Term Sheet constitutes an admission of any alleged fact, liability, or fault or that the use and/or emission of EO by and/or from the Atlanta Facility or any other Sterigenics facility have ever caused or created health risks or other hazards to any person or surrounding communities. The Company intends to vigorously defend the remaining EO cases, including the balance of the cases in Georgia, which are all pending in the State Court of Cobb County. New Mexico On December 22, 2020, the New Mexico Attorney General filed a lawsuit in the Third Judicial District Court, Doña Ana County, New Mexico against the Company and certain subsidiaries alleging that emissions and releases of EO from Sterigenics’ facility in Santa Teresa, New Mexico have deteriorated the air quality in Santa Teresa and surrounding communities and materially contributed to increased health risks suffered by residents of those communities. The Complaint asserted claims for public nuisance, negligence, strict liability, violations of New Mexico’s Public Nuisance Statute and Unfair Practices Act and sought various forms of relief, including injunctive relief and damages. On June 29, 2021, the Court entered an Order Granting Preliminary Injunction prohibiting Sterigenics from allowing any uncontrolled emissions or releases of EO from the Santa Teresa facility. On December 20, 2021, the Court entered an order establishing a protocol to monitor Sterigenics’ compliance with the preliminary injunction. Operations at the facility continue to comply with the June 2021 and December 2021 orders. On September 13, 2022, the Court entered a Scheduling Order that set a trial date of June 3, 2024. On August 10, 2023, the Court granted Sterigenics’ motion for summary judgment on strict liability, the Unfair Practices Act claim, and claims for decreased property values, increased healthcare costs and medical monitoring costs, and instructed the State to amend its Complaint in compliance with the order and to exclude any claim for injunctive relief (the “Summary Judgment Order”). On August 25, 2023, the State filed a Motion for Reconsideration of the Summary Judgment Order, which remains pending. On September 12, 2023, the State filed its Amended Complaint; the Company’s response will be due after the Court rules on the motion for reconsideration. A defense motion challenging the Court’s jurisdiction over Sotera Health Company and another defendant also remain pending. On April 24, 2023, a lawsuit was filed against the Company, Sterigenics and certain other subsidiaries alleging wrongful death caused by exposure to emissions and releases of EO from Sterigenics’ facility in Santa Teresa, New Mexico while the decedent was working at a different company’s facility approximately one mile away. Motions to dismiss filed in June and August 2023 remain pending. * * * Additional EO tort lawsuits may be filed in the future against the Company and/or its subsidiaries relating to Sterigenics’ Willowbrook, Atlanta, Santa Teresa or other EO facilities. Based on our view of the strength of the science and related evidence that emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ operations have not caused and could not have caused the harms alleged in such lawsuits, we believe that losses in the remaining or future EO cases are not probable. Although the Company intends to defend itself vigorously on the merits of the remaining EO cases, future settlements of EO cases are reasonably possible. The Willowbrook Settlement and the Gwinnett and Cobb Counties Settlement were driven by dynamics unique to the cases that were settled and thus should not give rise to presumptions that the Company will settle additional EO cases and/or that any such settlements will be for comparable amounts. Potential trial and settlement outcomes can vary widely based a host of factors. Future cases will be presided over by different judges, tried by different counsel presenting different evidence and decided by different juries. The substantive and procedural laws of the various jurisdictions in which the EO tort cases are pending vary and can meaningfully impact the litigation process and outcome of a case. Each plaintiff’s claim involves unique facts and evidence, including the circumstances of the plaintiff’s alleged exposure, the type and severity of the plaintiff’s disease and the plaintiff’s medical history and course of treatment. The outcomes of trials before juries are rarely certain and a judgment entered or settlement reached in one case is not representative of the outcome of other seemingly comparable cases. As a result, it is not possible to estimate a reasonably possible loss or range of loss with respect to any future settlements. Insurance Coverage for Environmental Liabilities Our undisputed insurance coverage for litigation related to past alleged environmental liabilities, like the litigation pending in Illinois, Georgia and New Mexico described above, has limits of $10.0 million per occurrence and $20.0 million in the aggregate. The per occurrence limit related to the Willowbrook, Illinois litigation was fully utilized by June 30, 2020. The remaining $10.0 million was fully utilized by March 31, 2023 for occurrences related to the EO litigation in Georgia and New Mexico described above. Our insurance for future alleged environmental liabilities excludes coverage for EO claims. We are pursuing additional insurance coverage for our legal expenses related to litigation like the Illinois, Georgia and New Mexico matters described above. In 2021, Sterigenics filed an insurance coverage lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois relating to two commercial general liability policies issued in the 1980s (the “No. Dist. of IL Coverage Lawsuit”). The court has issued an order declaring that the defendant insurer owes Sterigenics and another insured party a duty to defend the EO tort litigation relating to the Willowbrook facility (the “Duty to Defend Order”) and owes Sterigenics approximately $75.5 million in defense costs through September 30, 2022 (the “Past Defense Costs Judgment”). Motions for awards of pre-judgment and post-judgment interest on the Past Defense Costs Judgment and additional defense costs through July 31, 2023 are pending. The defendant insurer is appealing the Duty to Defend Order and Past Defense Costs Judgment. Sterigenics is also a party in insurance coverage lawsuits pending in the Delaware Superior Court and the Circuit Court of Cook County seeking insurance coverage from various historical commercial general liability policies for certain EO litigation settlement amounts and defense costs that the insurer in the No. Dist. of IL Coverage Lawsuit may fail to fund. It is unknown how much, if any, of the insurance proceeds sought will be recovered. Sotera Health Company Securities Litigation & Related Matters On January 24, 2023, a putative stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio against the Company, its directors, certain senior executives, the Company’s private equity stockholders and the underwriters of the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”) in November 2020 and the Company’s secondary public offering (“SPO”) in March 2021 (the “Michigan Funds Litigation”). On April 17, 2023, the court appointed the Oakland County Employees’ Retirement System, Oakland County Voluntary Employees’ Beneficiary Association, and Wayne County Employees’ Retirement System (the “Michigan Funds”) to serve as lead plaintiff to prosecute claims on behalf of a proposed class of stockholders who acquired shares of the Company in connection with our IPO or SPO or between November 20, 2020 and September 19, 2022 (the “Proposed Class”). The Michigan Funds allege that statements made regarding the safety of the Company’s use of EO and/or the litigation and other risks of its EO operations violated Sections 11, 12(a)(2) and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 (when made in the registration statements for the IPO and SPO) and Sections 10(b), Section 20(a) and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (when made in subsequent securities filings and other contexts). On June 1, 2023, the Michigan Funds filed an Amended Complaint. Defendants have moved to dismiss the Amended Complaint and that motion remains pending. On May 15, 2023, and July 25, 2023, the Company received demands pursuant to 8 Del. C. §220 for inspections of its books and records from shareholders purporting to be investigating the Company’s internal operations, disclosure practices and other matters alleged and at issue in the Michigan Funds Litigation (the “220 Demands”). The Company believes that the allegations and claims in the Michigan Funds Litigation and 220 Demands are without merit and plans to vigorously defend the Michigan Funds Litigation. |