| Document and Entity Information | May 19, 2022 |
| Cover [Abstract] | |
| Document Type | 8-K |
| Amendment Flag | false |
| Entity Central Index Key | 0001828673 |
| Document Period End Date | May 19, 2022 |
| Entity Registrant Name | HCW BIOLOGICS INC. |
| Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code | DE |
| Entity File Number | 001-40591 |
| Entity Tax Identification Number | 82-5024477 |
| Entity Address, Address Line One | 2929 N. Commerce Parkway |
| Entity Address, City or Town | Miramar |
| Entity Address, State or Province | FL |
| Entity Address, Postal Zip Code | 33025 |
| City Area Code | 954 |
| Local Phone Number | 842-2024 |
| Written Communications | false |
| Soliciting Material | false |
| Pre-commencement Tender Offer | false |
| Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer | false |
| Entity Emerging Growth Company | true |
| Entity Ex Transition Period | true |
| Title of 12(b) Security | Common Stock |
| Trading Symbol | HCWB |
| Security Exchange Name | NASDAQ |
