Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 4 - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses Aging and Non-Accrual Analysis The following tables provide a summary of current, accruing past due, and non-accrual loans by portfolio class as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. September 30, 2020 (in thousands) Current Accruing 30-89 Days Past Due Accruing 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Accruing Past Due Non-accrual with an ALL Non-accrual without an ALL Total Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 13,009,877 $ 13,967 $ 829 $ 14,796 $ 67,415 $ 27,950 $ 13,120,038 Owner-occupied 6,869,346 4,131 375 4,506 10,623 9,638 6,894,113 Total commercial and industrial 19,879,223 18,098 1,204 19,302 78,038 37,588 20,014,151 Investment properties 9,628,029 5,620 538 6,158 28,260 — 9,662,447 1-4 family properties 649,225 2,092 350 2,442 2,135 1,236 655,038 Land and development 645,148 583 268 851 2,126 265 648,390 Total commercial real estate 10,922,402 8,295 1,156 9,451 32,521 1,501 10,965,875 Consumer mortgages 5,643,745 6,475 872 7,347 7,433 — 5,658,525 Home equity lines 1,601,705 3,176 29 3,205 10,297 — 1,615,207 Credit cards 259,262 1,894 3,673 5,567 — — 264,829 Other consumer loans 1,116,334 11,866 578 12,444 1,459 — 1,130,237 Total consumer 8,621,046 23,411 5,152 28,563 19,189 — 8,668,798 Total loans $ 39,422,671 $ 49,804 $ 7,512 $ 57,316 $ 129,748 $ 39,089 $ 39,648,824 (1) December 31, 2019 (in thousands) Current Accruing 30-89 Days Past Due Accruing 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Accruing Past Due Non-accrual ASC 310-30 Loans (2) Total Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 9,124,285 $ 38,916 $ 1,206 $ 40,122 $ 56,017 $ 1,019,135 $ 10,239,559 Owner-occupied 5,691,095 5,164 576 5,740 9,780 823,196 6,529,811 Total commercial and industrial 14,815,380 44,080 1,782 45,862 65,797 1,842,331 16,769,370 Investment properties 7,264,794 1,344 — 1,344 1,581 1,736,608 9,004,327 1-4 family properties 733,984 2,073 304 2,377 2,253 41,401 780,015 Land and development 629,363 808 — 808 1,110 78,161 709,442 Total commercial real estate 8,628,141 4,225 304 4,529 4,944 1,856,170 10,493,784 Consumer mortgages 3,681,553 4,223 730 4,953 11,369 1,848,493 5,546,368 Home equity lines 1,691,759 7,038 171 7,209 12,034 2,155 1,713,157 Credit cards 263,065 3,076 2,700 5,776 — — 268,841 Other consumer loans 2,363,101 18,688 616 19,304 5,704 8,185 2,396,294 Total consumer 7,999,478 33,025 4,217 37,242 29,107 1,858,833 9,924,660 Total loans $ 31,442,999 $ 81,330 $ 6,303 $ 87,633 $ 99,848 $ 5,557,334 $ 37,187,814 (3) (1) Total before net deferred fees and costs of $99.0 million. (2) Represents loans (at fair value) acquired from FCB accounted for under ASC 310-30, net of discount of $90.3 million and payments since Acquisition Date and also include $1.8 million in non-accrual loans, $9.6 million in accruing 90 days or greater past due loans, and $26.5 million in 30-89 days past due loans. (3) Total before net deferred fees and costs of $25.4 million. Interest income on non-accrual loans outstanding that would have been recorded if the loans had been current and performing in accordance with their original terms was $4.3 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $9.2 million and $8.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Of the interest income recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, cash-basis interest income was $1.3 million and $363 thousand, respectively. Cash-basis interest income was $2.7 million and $2.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Pledged Loans Loans with carrying values of $15.29 billion and $12.11 billion, respectively, were pledged as collateral for borrowings and capacity at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, to the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank. Portfolio Segment Risk Factors The risk characteristics and collateral information of each portfolio segment are as follows: Commercial and Industrial Loans - The C&I loan portfolio is comprised of general middle market and commercial banking clients across a diverse set of industries. In accordance with Synovus' lending policy, each loan undergoes a detailed underwriting process which incorporates uniform underwriting standards and oversight in proportion to the size and complexity of the lending relationship. These loans are secured by collateral such as business equipment, inventory, and real estate. Whether for real estate or non-real estate purpose, credit decisions on loans in the C&I portfolio are based on cash flow from the operations of the business as the primary source of repayment of the debt, with underlying real estate or other collateral being the secondary source of repayment . PPP loans, which are categorized as C&I loans, were $2.71 billion net of unearned fees at September 30, 2020 and are guaranteed by the SBA. Commercial Real Estate Loans - CRE loans primarily consist of income-producing investment properties loans. Additionally, CRE loans include 1-4 family properties loans as well as land and development loans. Investment properties loans consist of construction and mortgage loans for income-producing properties and are primarily made to finance multi-family properties, hotels, office buildings, shopping centers, warehouses and other commercial development properties. 1-4 family properties loans include construction loans to homebuilders and commercial mortgage loans related to 1-4 family rental properties and are almost always secured by the underlying property being financed by such loans. These properties are primarily located in the markets served by Synovus. Land and development loans include commercial and residential development as well as land acquisition loans and are secured by land held for future development, typically in excess of one year. Properties securing these loans are substantially within markets served by Synovus, and loan terms generally include personal guarantees from the principals. Loans in this portfolio are underwritten based on the LTV of the collateral and the capacity of the guarantor(s). Consumer Loans - The consumer loan portfolio consists of a wide variety of loan products offered through Synovus' banking network including first and second residential mortgages, HELOCs, and credit card loans, as well as home improvement loans, student, and personal loans from third-party lending partnerships. The majority of Synovus' consumer loans are consumer mortgages and HELOCs secured by first and second liens on residential real estate primarily located in the markets served by Synovus. The primary source of repayment for all consumer loans is generally the personal income of the borrower(s). Credit Quality Indicators The credit quality of the loan portfolio is reviewed and updated no less frequently than quarterly using the standard asset classification system utilized by the federal banking agencies. These classifications are divided into three groups: Not Criticized (Pass), Special Mention, and Classified or Adverse rating (Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss) and are defined as follows: Pass - loans which are well protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor (or guarantors, if any) or by the fair value, less cost to acquire and sell in a timely manner, of any underlying collateral. Special Mention - loans which have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. These loans are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant an adverse classification. Substandard - loans which are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any. Loans with this classification are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful - loans which have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified as Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable on the basis of currently known facts, conditions, and values. Loss - loans which are considered by management to be uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance on the institution's books as an asset, without establishment of a specific valuation allowance or charge-off, is not warranted. Synovus fully reserves for any loans rated as Loss. In the following tables, consumer loans are generally assigned a risk grade similar to the classifications described above; however, upon reaching 90 days and 120 days past due, they are generally downgraded to Substandard and Loss, respectively, in accordance with the FFIEC Retail Credit Classification Policy. Additionally, in accordance with Interagency Supervisory Guidance, the risk grade classifications of consumer loans (consumer mortgages and HELOCs) secured by junior liens on 1-4 family residential properties also consider available information on the payment status of any associated senior liens with other financial institutions. The following table summarizes each loan portfolio class by risk grade and origination year as of September 30, 2020 as required under CECL. September 30, 2020 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans (in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Amortized Cost Basis Converted to Term Loans Total Commercial, financial and agricultural Pass $ 4,056,896 $ 1,429,402 $ 974,892 $ 667,989 $ 566,178 $ 815,006 $ 4,049,741 $ 60,299 $ 12,620,403 Special Mention 49,283 39,929 21,599 33,376 8,404 7,986 63,455 506 224,538 Substandard (1) 27,247 12,646 14,879 36,007 12,373 40,342 102,364 516 246,374 Doubtful (2) — 3,721 19,778 186 915 91 4,032 — 28,723 Total commercial, financial and agricultural 4,133,426 1,485,698 1,031,148 737,558 587,870 863,425 4,219,592 61,321 13,120,038 Owner-occupied Pass 953,513 1,189,845 1,212,541 1,032,744 643,841 1,338,513 328,656 — 6,699,653 Special Mention 3,029 19,004 18,746 11,767 3,604 7,278 — — 63,428 Substandard (1) 1,788 14,686 36,319 29,794 6,521 32,286 — — 121,394 Doubtful (2) — — 9,638 — — — — — 9,638 Total owner-occupied 958,330 1,223,535 1,277,244 1,074,305 653,966 1,378,077 328,656 — 6,894,113 Total commercial and industrial 5,091,756 2,709,233 2,308,392 1,811,863 1,241,836 2,241,502 4,548,248 61,321 20,014,151 Investment properties Pass 784,989 2,241,547 2,193,526 1,376,648 606,029 1,404,524 239,503 — 8,846,766 Special Mention 1,222 66,438 147,928 141,036 166,053 129,887 30,206 — 682,770 Substandard (1) 812 2,655 24,965 14,927 821 88,693 38 — 132,911 Total investment properties 787,023 2,310,640 2,366,419 1,532,611 772,903 1,623,104 269,747 — 9,662,447 1-4 family properties Pass 139,919 125,473 80,610 94,889 49,122 100,984 49,594 — 640,591 Special Mention 419 — 524 111 800 120 — — 1,974 Substandard (1) 1,514 1,517 3,837 1,038 489 2,560 1,518 — 12,473 Total 1-4 family properties 141,852 126,990 84,971 96,038 50,411 103,664 51,112 — 655,038 September 30, 2020 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans (in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Amortized Cost Basis Converted to Term Loans Total Land and development Pass $ 56,935 $ 204,012 $ 91,630 $ 106,490 $ 12,564 $ 90,474 $ 58,092 $ — $ 620,197 Special Mention — 2,172 4,277 5,784 — 1,828 3,550 — 17,611 Substandard (1) 1,627 1,104 4,675 1,085 527 1,564 — — 10,582 Total land and development 58,562 207,288 100,582 113,359 13,091 93,866 61,642 — 648,390 Total commercial real estate 987,437 2,644,918 2,551,972 1,742,008 836,405 1,820,634 382,501 — 10,965,875 Consumer mortgages Pass 1,579,366 964,882 481,718 764,384 755,595 1,102,091 1,005 — 5,649,041 Substandard (1) 49 197 777 805 2,412 5,170 — — 9,410 Loss (3) — — — — — 74 — — 74 Total consumer mortgages 1,579,415 965,079 482,495 765,189 758,007 1,107,335 1,005 — 5,658,525 Home equity lines Pass — — — — — — 1,513,600 86,404 1,600,004 Substandard (1) — — — — — — 8,603 5,173 13,776 Doubtful (2) — — — — — — — 19 19 Loss (3) — — — — — — 1,243 165 1,408 Total home equity lines — — — — — — 1,523,446 91,761 1,615,207 Credit cards Pass — — — — — — 261,207 — 261,207 Substandard (1) — — — — — — 828 — 828 Loss (4) — — — — — — 2,794 — 2,794 Total credit cards — — — — — — 264,829 — 264,829 Other consumer loans Pass 136,944 229,039 142,260 161,717 112,805 76,244 268,840 — 1,127,849 Substandard (1) — 720 163 474 64 714 253 — 2,388 Total other consumer loans 136,944 229,759 142,423 162,191 112,869 76,958 269,093 — 1,130,237 Total consumer 1,716,359 1,194,838 624,918 927,380 870,876 1,184,293 2,058,373 91,761 8,668,798 Total loans (5) $ 7,795,552 $ 6,548,989 $ 5,485,282 $ 4,481,251 $ 2,949,117 $ 5,246,429 $ 6,989,122 $ 153,082 $ 39,648,824 (1) The majority of loans within Substandard risk grade are accruing loans at September 30, 2020. (2) Loans within Doubtful risk grade are on non-accrual status and generally have an ALL equal to 50% of the loan amount. (3) Loans within Loss risk grade are on non-accrual status and have an ALL equal to the full loan amount. (4) Represent amounts that were 120 days past due. These credits are downgraded to the Loss category with an ALL equal to the full loan amount and are generally charged off upon reaching 181 days past due in accordance with the FFIEC Retail Credit Classification Policy. (5) Total before net deferred fees and costs of $99.0 million. The following table summarizes each loan portfolio class by risk grade as of December 31, 2019. December 31, 2019 (in thousands) Pass Special Mention Substandard (1) Doubtful (2) Loss (3) Total Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 9,927,059 $ 128,506 $ 182,831 $ 1,163 $ — $ 10,239,559 Owner-occupied 6,386,055 58,330 85,426 — — 6,529,811 Total commercial and industrial 16,313,114 186,836 268,257 1,163 — 16,769,370 Investment properties 8,930,360 16,490 57,477 — — 9,004,327 1-4 family properties 766,529 3,249 10,237 — — 780,015 Land and development 681,003 18,643 9,796 — — 709,442 Total commercial real estate 10,377,892 38,382 77,510 — — 10,493,784 Consumer mortgages 5,527,746 — 18,376 97 149 5,546,368 Home equity lines 1,697,086 — 14,806 21 1,244 1,713,157 Credit cards 266,146 — 818 — 1,877 (4) 268,841 Other consumer loans 2,390,199 — 6,095 — — 2,396,294 Total consumer 9,881,177 — 40,095 118 3,270 9,924,660 Total loans (5) $ 36,572,183 $ 225,218 $ 385,862 $ 1,281 $ 3,270 $ 37,187,814 (1) The majority of loans within Substandard risk grade are accruing loans at December 31, 2019. (2) Loans within Doubtful risk grade are on non-accrual status and generally have an ALL equal to 50% of the loan amount. (3) Loans within Loss risk grade are on non-accrual status and have an ALL equal to the full loan amount. (4) Represent amounts that were 120 days past due. These credits are downgraded to the Loss category with an ALL equal to the full loan amount and are generally charged off upon reaching 181 days past due in accordance with the FFIEC Retail Credit Classification Policy. (5) Total before net deferred fees and costs of $25.4 million. Collateral-Dependent Loans We classify a loan as collateral-dependent when our borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, and we expect repayment to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of collateral. Our commercial loans have collateral that is comprised of real estate and business assets. Our consumer loans have collateral that is substantially comprised of residential real estate. There were no significant changes in the extent to which collateral secures our collateral-dependent loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. Rollforward of Allowance for Loan Losses The following tables detail the changes in the ALL by loan segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. Additionally, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, Synovus reversed $6.1 million and $19.4 million, respectively, in previously established reserves for credit losses associated with the transfer to held for sale of $513.2 million and $1.31 billion, respectively, in performing loans primarily related to third-party single-service consumer loans and non-relationship consumer mortgages. As Of and For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 (in thousands) Commercial & Industrial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 229,915 $ 171,526 $ 187,207 $ 588,648 Charge-offs (19,367) (6,878) (9,101) (35,346) Recoveries 3,796 1,225 1,859 6,880 Provision for (reversal of) loan losses 46,256 (22,068) 19,430 43,618 Ending balance $ 260,600 $ 143,805 $ 199,395 $ 603,800 As Of and For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands) Commercial & Industrial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 138,004 $ 63,463 $ 55,909 $ 257,376 Charge-offs (15,425) (3,275) (6,026) (24,726) Recoveries 2,276 1,490 1,035 4,801 Provision for loan losses 17,156 280 10,126 27,562 Ending balance $ 142,011 $ 61,958 $ 61,044 $ 265,013 As Of and For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 (in thousands) Commercial & Industrial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance, prior to adoption of ASU 2016-13 $ 145,782 $ 67,430 $ 68,190 $ 281,402 Impact from adoption of ASU 2016-13 (2,310) (651) 85,955 82,994 Charge-offs (57,497) (8,585) (23,917) (89,999) Recoveries 8,798 2,160 6,468 17,426 Provision for loan losses 165,827 83,451 62,699 311,977 Ending balance $ 260,600 $ 143,805 $ 199,395 $ 603,800 As Of and For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands) Commercial & Industrial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 133,123 $ 68,796 $ 48,636 $ 250,555 Charge-offs (39,558) (5,369) (17,363) (62,290) Recoveries 6,087 3,788 3,623 13,498 Provision for (reversal of) loan losses 42,359 (5,257) 26,148 63,250 Ending balance $ 142,011 $ 61,958 $ 61,044 $ 265,013 The ALL of $603.8 million and the reserve for unfunded commitments of $60.8 million, which is recorded in other liabilities, comprise the total ACL of $664.6 million at September 30, 2020. The ACL increased during the third quarter of 2020 by $14.9 million to $664.6 million as of September 30, 2020 . Since the adoption of CECL on January 1, 2020, the ACL has increased $271.4 million due primarily to uncertainty and deterioration in the economic environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Provision for credit losses (which includes the provision for loan losses and unfunded commitments) of $43.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 included net charge-offs of $28.5 million and the impact of downgrades largely concentrated in the hotel portfolio, which were mostly offset by improvement in the econo mic forecast which included adjustments for the estimated impact of currently enacted government stimulus plans, as well as reserve releases from loan dispositions. Provision for credit losses of $344.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, resulted in the building of the ACL required under CECL primarily as a result of deterioration in the economic environment due to the impact of COVID-19. Our modeling process incorporates quantitative and qualitative considerations that are used to inform CECL estimates. The internally developed economic forecast used to determine the ACL as of September 30, 2020 was approved late in the third quarter of 2020 pursuant to Synovus' economic forecasting governance processes. The modeling assumptions for the third quarter of 2020 included adjustments for the estimated impact of currently enacted government stimulus plans and an unemployment rate ending the 2020 year around 8% before declining modestly in 2021. This, along with credit migration and other loan portfolio activity, resulted in an increase of the ACL to loans coverage ratio during the quarter of 5 bps to 1.68%, or 1.80% excluding PPP loans, at September 30, 2020. Significant economic uncertainty remains as a result of the continuing COVID-19 crisis, and th e trajectory of the economic recovery including any additional government stimulus plans will impact subsequent period CECL reserves. TDRs Information about Synovus' TDRs is presented in the following tables. Synovus began entering into loan modifications with borrowers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which have not been classified as TDRs, and therefore are not included in the discussion below. See "Part I-Item 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 1 - Basis of Presentation" in this Report for more information on Synovus' loan modifications due to COVID-19. The following tables represent, by concession type, the post-modification balance for loans modified or renewed during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 that were reported as accruing or non-accruing TDRs. TDRs by Concession Type Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 (in thousands, except contract data) Number of Contracts Below Market Interest Rate Other Concessions (1) Total Commercial, financial and agricultural 42 $ 3,335 $ 670 $ 4,005 Owner-occupied 7 1,753 — 1,753 Total commercial and industrial 49 5,088 670 5,758 Investment properties 2 294 93 387 1-4 family properties 5 74 114 188 Land and development 1 40 — 40 Total commercial real estate 8 408 207 615 Consumer mortgages 3 496 23 519 Home equity lines 17 471 648 1,119 Other consumer loans 3 48 85 133 Total consumer 23 1,015 756 1,771 Total TDRs 80 $ 6,511 $ 1,633 $ 8,144 (2) Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands, except contract data) Number of Contracts Below Market Interest Rate Other Concessions (1) Total Commercial, financial and agricultural 27 $ 2,577 $ 1,917 $ 4,494 Owner-occupied 7 2,822 861 3,683 Total commercial and industrial 34 5,399 2,778 8,177 Investment properties 4 385 — 385 1-4 family properties 4 766 — 766 Land and development 1 473 — 473 Total commercial real estate 9 1,624 — 1,624 Consumer mortgages 10 1,008 118 1,126 Home equity lines 25 364 1,635 1,999 Other consumer loans 27 473 1,222 1,695 Total consumer 62 1,845 2,975 4,820 Total TDRs 105 $ 8,868 $ 5,753 $ 14,621 (3) (1) Other concessions generally include term extensions, interest only payments for a period of time, or principal forgiveness, but there was no principal forgiveness for the three months ending September 30, 2020 and 2019. (2) No net charge-offs were recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2020 . (3) No net charge-offs were recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2019 . Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 (in thousands, except contract data) Number of Contracts Below Market Interest Rate Other Concessions (1) Total Commercial, financial and agricultural 118 $ 8,562 $ 4,681 $ 13,243 Owner-occupied 19 3,573 1,530 5,103 Total commercial and industrial 137 12,135 6,211 18,346 Investment properties 6 28,963 93 29,056 1-4 family properties 15 867 1,105 1,972 Land and development 3 581 — 581 Total commercial real estate 24 30,411 1,198 31,609 Consumer mortgages 19 1,568 2,589 4,157 Home equity lines 50 926 2,530 3,456 Other consumer loans 50 145 2,779 2,924 Total consumer 119 2,639 7,898 10,537 Total TDRs 280 $ 45,185 $ 15,307 $ 60,492 (2) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands, except contract data) Number of Contracts Below Market Interest Rate Other Concessions (1) Total Commercial, financial and agricultural 61 $ 5,703 $ 4,404 $ 10,107 Owner-occupied 13 4,854 861 5,715 Total commercial and industrial 74 10,557 5,265 15,822 Investment properties 6 1,048 — 1,048 1-4 family properties 14 2,072 — 2,072 Land and development 3 641 — 641 Total commercial real estate 23 3,761 — 3,761 Consumer mortgages 15 1,245 1,332 2,577 Home equity lines 50 2,686 1,740 4,426 Other consumer loans 79 1,167 3,599 4,766 Total consumer 144 5,098 6,671 11,769 Total TDRs 241 $ 19,416 $ 11,936 $ 31,352 (3) (1) Other concessions generally include term extensions, interest only payments for a period of time, or principal forgiveness, but there was no principal forgiveness for the nine months ending September 30, 2020 and 2019. (2) No net charge-offs were recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 . (3) No net charge-offs were recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 . For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 there was one default with a recorded investment of $21 thousand and five defaults with a recorded investment of $666 thousand, respectively, on accruing TDRs restructured during the previous twelve months (defaults are defined as the earlier of the TDR being placed on non-accrual status or reaching 90 days past due with respect to principal and/or interest payments) compared to three defaults with a recorded investment of $321 thousand and four defaults with a recorded investment of $326 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were no commitments to lend a material amount of additional funds to any customer whose loan was classified as a TDR. |