Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes include the accounts of SomaLogic and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). Certain information and disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. Accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 included in the 2021 Form 10-K. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as our annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of interim financial information, to present fairly the Company’s condensed consolidated financial position and its results of operations and cash flows. The results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2022 or for any other future annual or interim period. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current presentation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, discount rates used in the determination of significant financing component, inventory valuation, incremental borrowing rates used in the determination of lease assets and liabilities, the valuation of stock-based compensation awards, intangible asset valuations, contingent consideration valuations, warrant liabilities valuations, and earn-out liability valuations. We base our estimates on current facts, historical and anticipated results, trends, and other relevant assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and such differences could be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations. Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, investments, and accounts receivable. The Company does not require collateral or other security related to its receivables. Our cash and cash equivalents are deposited with high-quality financial institutions. Deposits at these institutions may, at times, exceed federally insured limits. Significant customers are those that represent more than 10% of the Company’s total revenues or gross accounts receivable balances for the periods in the consolidated statements of operations and as of each balance sheet date presented, respectively. For each significant customer, revenue as a percentage of total revenues and gross accounts receivable as a percentage of total gross accounts receivable as of the periods presented were as follows: Accounts Receivable Revenue September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2022 2021 2022 2021 Customer A 12% 10% 13% 27% 19% 24% Customer B * * * * * 17% Customer C 63% 20% 53% * 33% 11% Customer D * 26% * * * * * less than 10% International sales entail a variety of risks, including currency exchange fluctuations, longer payment cycles, and greater difficulty in accounts receivable collection. Customers outside the United States collectively represent 28% and 44% of the Company’s revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 33% and 34% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Customers outside of the United States collectively represented 21% and 18% of the Company’s gross accounts receivable balance as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Certain components included in our products require customization and are obtained from a single source or a limited number of suppliers. Business Combination The Company accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, “Business Combinations.” A business combination is one that combines inputs and processes to create outputs, and where substantially all of the fair value of assets acquired is not concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at their acquisition date fair values. When determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred and included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. See Note 4, Business Combinations , for additional detail. In-process research and development Acquired in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) relates to substantial research and development efforts that are incomplete at the acquisition date. IPR&D intangible assets are considered indefinite-lived until the completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts. During the development phase, these assets are not amortized but are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired. Once the IPR&D activities are completed, the intangible asset is amortized over its useful life on a straight-line basis. Goodwill Goodwill is the difference between the total consideration paid in a business combination and the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment on an annual basis and in interim periods if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is below its carrying amount. All of the Company’s goodwill is assigned to its one operating segment. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the quantitative goodwill impairment test is unnecessary. For the quantitative goodwill impairment test, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared to its carrying value and an impairment is recorded for the excess carrying value over fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. There were no goodwill impairment losses recorded in any period presented. Impairment of long-lived assets The Company evaluates a long-lived asset (or asset group) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset (or asset group) may not be recoverable. If indicators of impairment exist and the undiscounted future cash flows that the asset is expected to generate are less than they carrying value of the asset, an impairment loss is recorded to write down the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flow approach. Leases Following the adoption of ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) , on January 1, 2022, we determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets are included in other long-term assets, and operating lease liabilities are included in other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As the implicit rate in the Company's leases is generally unknown, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of future lease payments. The Company gives consideration to its credit risk, term of the lease, total lease payments and adjusts for the impacts of collateral, as necessary, when calculating its incremental borrowing rates. Operating lease ROU assets include lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. When the lease incentives specify a maximum level of reimbursement and we are reasonably certain to incur reimbursable costs equal to or exceeding this level, we include the lease incentive in the measurement of the ROU assets and lease liabilities at commencement. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise any such options. Lease costs for our operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis within operating expenses over the lease term in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components. However, we have elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all of our existing classes of assets. Therefore, the lease and non-lease components are accounted for as a single lease component. We have also elected to not apply the recognition requirement to any short-term leases with a term of 12 months or less. We monitor for events or changes in circumstances that may require a reassessment or impairment of our leases, at which time our ROU assets for operating leases may be reduced by impairment losses. Warrant Liabilities During February 2021, in connection with CMLS II’s initial public offering, CMLS II issued 5,519,991 warrants (the “Public Warrants”) to purchase shares of Common Stock at $11.50 per share. Simultaneously, with the consummation of the CMLS II initial public offering, CMLS II issued 5,013,333 warrants through a private placement (the “Private Placement Warrants”, and together with the Public Warrants, the “Warrants”) to purchase shares of Common Stock at $11.50 per share. All of the Warrants were outstanding as of September 30, 2022. We classify the Warrants as liabilities on our condensed balance sheets as these instruments are precluded from being indexed to our own stock given that the terms allow for a settlement adjustment that does not meet the scope for the fixed-for-fixed exception in ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging . Since the Warrants meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815-40, the Company recorded these warrants as long-term liabilities at fair value on the date of the Business Combination, with subsequent changes in their respective fair values recognized within change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss at each reporting date. Earn-Out Liability As a result of the Business Combination, additional shares of Common Stock were provided to SomaLogic Operating shareholders and to certain employees and directors of SomaLogic (“Earn-Out Service Providers”) of up to 3,500,125 and 1,499,875, respectively (the “Earn-Out Shares”). The Earn-Out Shares are payable if the price of our Common Stock is greater than or equal to $20.00 for a period of at least 20 out of 30 consecutive trading days at any time between the 13- and 24-month anniversary of the Closing Date (the “Triggering Event”). Any Earn-Out Shares issuable to an Earn-Out Service Provider shall be issued only if such individual continues to provide services (whether as an employee or director) through the date of occurrence of the corresponding Triggering Event (or a change in control acceleration event, if applicable) that causes such Earn-Out Shares to become issuable. Any Earn-Out Shares that are forfeited pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be reallocated to the SomaLogic Operating shareholders in accordance with their respective pro rata Earn-Out Shares. The Earn-Out Shares granted to shareholders were recognized as a liability in accordance with ASC 815. The liability was included as part of the consideration transferred in the Business Combination and was recorded at fair value. The earn-out liability is remeasured at the end of each reporting period, with subsequent changes in fair value recognized within change in fair value of earn-out liability in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. See Note 12, Stock-based Compensation, for additional information regarding Earn-Out Shares granted to Earn-Out Service Providers. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue from sales to customers under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). ASC 606 provides a five-step model for recognizing revenue that includes identifying the contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations, and recognizing revenue when, or as, an entity satisfies a performance obligation. The Company recognizes revenue when or as control of promised goods or services is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Sales, value add, and other taxes collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue and products are sold without the right of return. Payment terms may vary by customer, are based on customary commercial terms, and are generally less than one year. The Company does not adjust revenue for the effects of a significant financing component for contracts where the period between the transfer of the good or service and collection is one year or less. The Company expenses incremental costs to obtain a contract when incurred since the amortization period of the asset that would otherwise be recognized is one year or less. Assay Services Revenue The Company generates assay services revenue primarily from the sale of SomaScan ® services. SomaScan ® service revenue is derived from performing the SomaScan ® assay on customer samples to generate data on protein biomarkers. Revenue from SomaScan ® services is recognized at the time the analysis data or report is delivered to the customer, which is when control has been transferred to the customer. SomaScan ® services are sold at a fixed price per sample without any volume discounts, rebates, or refunds. The delivery of each assay data report is a separate performance obligation. For arrangements with multiple performance obligations, the transaction price must be allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Judgment is required to determine the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation as there are few directly comparable products in the market and factors such as customer size are factored into the determination of selling price. We determine standalone selling prices based on amounts invoiced to customers in observable transactions. Product Revenue Product revenue primarily consists of equipment and kit sales to customers who assay samples in their own laboratories. Equipment is generally accounted for as a bundle with installation, qualification and training services. Revenue is recognized over time based on the progress made toward achieving the performance obligation utilizing input methods, including costs incurred. The Company receives fixed consideration per kit and revenue from kit sales is recognized upon transfer of control to the customer. Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are included in product revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Collaboration Revenue In July 2011, NEC Corporation (“NEC”) and the Company entered into a Strategic Alliance Agreement (the “SAA”) to develop a professional software tool to enable SomaScan ® customers to easily access and interpret the highly multiplexed proteomic data generated by SomaLogic’s SomaScan ® assay technology in the United States. To support this development, NEC made an upfront payment of $12.0 million and SomaLogic agreed to pay NEC a perpetual royalty on certain SomaScan ® revenues. This agreement includes a clause whereby if there is a material breach of the contract or change in control of the Company, the Company may be required to pay a fee to terminate the agreement. The Company determined that the SAA met the criteria set forth in ASC 808, Collaborative Arrangements , (“ASC 808”) because both parties were active participants and were exposed to significant risks and rewards dependent on commercial failure or success. The Company recorded the upfront payment as deferred revenue to be recognized over the period of performance of 15 years. The revenue was recorded in collaboration revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. In March 2020, NEC and the Company mutually terminated the SAA and concurrently the Company and NEC Solution Innovators, Ltd. (“NES”), a wholly owned subsidiary of NEC, entered into a new arrangement, the JDCA, to develop and commercialize SomaScan ® services in Japan, as described in the section entitled “Collaboration Agreements” above. NES agreed to make annual payments of $2.0 million for 5 years, for a total of $10.0 million, in exchange for research and development activities, as described below. The Company determined the JDCA should be accounted for as a modification of the SAA. Therefore, the remaining SAA deferred revenue balance as of the date of the modification was included as consideration under the JDCA resulting in total consideration of $15.3 million for research and development activities. We determined that this arrangement also meets the criteria set forth in ASC 808. The JDCA contains three separate performance obligations: (i) research and development activities, (ii) assay services, and (iii) a 10-year exclusive license of the Company’s intellectual property. (i) Research and Development Activities The Company determined that NES is not a customer with respect to the research and development activities associated with the collaboration arrangement under ASC 808. The Company’s efforts related to the research and development activities are incurred consistently throughout the performance period. As a result, the Company recognizes revenue from these activities over time on a straight-line basis and records revenue in collaboration revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. (ii) Assay Services The Company determined that NES is a customer for the assay services performance obligation, which should be accounted for using the criteria under ASC 606. The Company receives a fixed fee (standalone selling price) per sample in exchange for assaying samples, which is a service performed for other customers in the ordinary course of business. This performance obligation is recognized at a point in time when the assay data report is delivered to the customer and recorded in assay services revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. (iii) License of Intellectual Property The Company determined that NES is a customer for the license performance obligation, which should be accounted for using the criteria under ASC 606. The Company receives royalties based on NES’ net sales and determined the allocation of royalties solely to this performance obligation is consistent with the objectives in ASC 606. This performance obligation was satisfied at the beginning of the license term. Subject to the sales and usage-based royalty exception, revenue is recognized in the period in which the subsequent sale or usage has occurred. Royalties are recorded in other revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Other Revenue Other revenue includes royalty revenue and revenue received from research grants. The Company recognizes royalty revenue for fees paid by customers in return for a license to make, use or sell certain licensed products in certain geographic areas. These fees are equivalent to a percentage of the customer’s related revenues. The Company recognizes revenue for sales-based or usage-based royalties promised in exchange for a functional license of intellectual property when the later of the following events occurs: (i) the subsequent sale or usage occurs, or (ii) the performance obligation to which some or all of the sales-based or usage-based royalty has been satisfied. As such, revenue is recognized in the period in which the subsequent sale or usage has occurred. In June 2008, the Company and New England Biolabs, Inc. (“NEB”) entered into an exclusive licensing agreement, whereby the Company provides a license to use certain proprietary information and know-how relating to its aptamer technology to make and use commercial products. In exchange, the Company receives royalties from NEB for this license. In September 2022, the Company and NEB entered into a license and settlement agreement (“NEB Agreement”) that terminated the existing exclusive licensing arrangement and provided for a settlement of $8.0 million of previously constrained royalties during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The NEB Agreement also provided a non-exclusive license arrangement for the same proprietary information and know-how under which the Company is guaranteed fixed minimum royalties of $15.0 million to be received over the next 3 years. The Company recognized revenue for the guaranteed fixed minimum royalties of $13.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, net of a significant financing component of $1.8 million. The related interest income will be recognized over three years on an effective interest rate basis. Any revenue above the guaranteed fixed minimum royalties is recognized in the period in which the subsequent sale or usage has occurred. The Company has recorded a receivable of $13.2 million as of September 30, 2022, of which $10.2 million is recorded in accounts receivable, net of current portion and $3.0 million is recorded accounts receivable, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Grant revenue represents funding under cost reimbursement programs from government agencies and non-profit foundations for qualified research and development activities performed by the Company. The Company recognizes grant revenue when it is reasonably assured that the grant funding will be received as evidenced through the existence of a grant arrangement, amounts eligible for reimbursement are determinable and have been incurred, the applicable conditions under the grant arrangements have been met, and collectability of amounts due is reasonably assured. The classification of costs incurred related to grants is based on the nature of the activities performed by the Company. Grant revenue is recognized when the related costs are incurred and recorded in other revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Illumina Cambridge, Ltd. On December 31, 2021, the Company entered into a multi-year arrangement with Illumina Cambridge, Ltd. (“Illumina Agreement”) to jointly develop and commercialize co-branded kits that will combine Illumina’s Next Generation Sequencing (“NGS”) technology with SomaLogic’s SomaScan technology. Pursuant to the agreement, we received a non-refundable upfront payment of $30.0 million on January 4, 2022. This arrangement is accounted for in accordance with ASC 606 by analogy. The Company concluded there are two performance obligations: (1) combined performance obligation that includes the following material promises: licenses, patents, training, transfer of know-how and SOMAmer reagents necessary to use the SomaScan technology (“Bundled SomaScan Technology”), and (2) an option to purchase goods post-commercialization with a material right (“Material Right”). The total transaction price is subject to a constraint since it is uncertain that commercialization will be achieved; and therefore the transaction price was determined to be $30.0 million and was allocated to each of the performance obligations identified on a relative standalone selling price basis. Revenue from the performance obligations is recognized as follows in product revenue on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss: Bundled SomaScan Technology: Revenue is recognized as control transfers when the SOMAmer reagents are shipped. The Company estimated the standalone selling price (“SSP”) based on observable pricing of similar performance obligations. Material Right: Revenue is recognized when Illumina exercises its option to purchase goods post-commercialization. The Company estimated the SSP based on the incremental discount adjusted for the likelihood that Illumina will exercise the option. In June 2022, Illumina issued a purchase order that changed the future obligations due from SomaLogic under the Illumina Agreement. The purchase order represents a contract modification that is accounted for prospectively as if it were a termination of the existing contract and the creation of a new contract . As a result, the Company determined that there were three new performance obligations (total of five performance obligations): (1) equipment bundle that includes customization services, integration services, system qualification services, site initiation services and training (“Equipment Bundle”), (2) qualification kits, and (3) support services. The contract modification resulted in an increase in the transaction price of $0.5 million. The updated transaction price was allocated between the performance obligations on a relative SSP basis. Revenue from the performance obligations is recognized as follows in product revenue on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss: Equipment Bundle : Revenue is recognized over time based on the progress made toward achieving the performance obligation utilizing input methods, including costs incurred. The Company estimated the SSP based on observable pricing of similar performance obligations. Qualification Kits : Revenue is recognized as control transfers when the qualification kits are shipped. The Company estimated the SSP based on observable pricing of similar performance obligations. Support Services: Revenue is recognized for the support services over the service period, using an input method based on time. The Company estimated the SSP based on observable pricing of similar performance obligations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized nil and $0.1 million of revenue pursuant to the Illumina Agreement for performance obligations satisfied. The Company also recognizes revenue for the sale of kits to Illumina under separate contracts. Restricted Cash Restricted cash represents cash on deposit with a financial institution as security for letters of credit outstanding for the benefit of the landlords related to operating leases and a bank guarantee with an international customer. The portion of restricted cash expected to be released within twelve months is classified as prepaid expenses and other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets was $4.6 million and nil as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Cash expected to be restricted for greater than twelve months is classified as other long-term assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and was $0.8 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Income Taxes We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts, based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which these temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company evaluates the need to establish or release a valuation allowance based upon expected levels of taxable income, future reversals of existing temporary differences, tax planning strategies, and recent financial operations. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be more likely than not realized in the future. The effect of income tax positions is recognized only when it is more likely than not to be sustained. Interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions are recorded in interest income and other, net in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Segment Information The Company has one operating segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”) role is performed by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. The CODM manages the Company’s operations on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. Substantially all of the Company’s operations and decision-making functions are located in the United States. Other Significant Accounting Policies Our significant accounting policies are described in our 2021 Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes to those policies. Recent Accounting Pronouncements We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”). The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. Thus, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to use this extended transition period and, as a result, we will not be required to adopt new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for other public companies so long as we remain an emerging growth company. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Goodwill Impairment. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, to simplify the goodwill impairment test . ASU 2017-04 removes the requirement to determine the fair value of individual assets and liabilities in order to calculate a reporting unit’s “implied” goodwill. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. We adopted ASU 2017-04 upon completing the Palamedrix Acquisition in August 2022, which resulted in the Company recognizing goodwill for the first time. Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) , which requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by most leases on their balance sheet. In June 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-05, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) and Leases (Topic 842): Effective Dates for Certain Entities , which extended the effective date of ASU 2016-02 for non-public business entities. We adopted ASU 2016-02, as amended, on January 1, 2022 using a modified retrospective approach and elected to apply the legacy lease guidance and disclosure requirements (“ASC 840”) in the comparative |