Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents increased $6,489,836 (128.6%) to $11,534,785 as of September 30, 2023 from $5,044,949 as of December 31, 2022. This increase was primarily due to operating cash inflows associated with the progression of our product sales during the period as well as by the receipt of $8,915,514 (€8,436,330) for a portion of the available advance associated with the grant from the European Commission’ IPCEI Hy2Tech program, offset by increased spending.
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable increased $293,682 (14.0%) to $2,392,859 as of September 30, 2023 from $2,099,177 as of December 31, 2022. This increase was mainly due to business expansion during the period arising from the materialization of new projects, from 12 in 2022 to 16 in September 2023.
Inventory
Inventory decreased $3,223,587 (52.2%) to $2,951,413 as of September 30, 2023 from $6,175,000 as of December 31, 2022. This decrease was primarily due to the usage of stacks in projects during the period.
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets increased $748,704 (58.4%) to $2,029,972 as of September 30, 2023 from $1,281,268 as of December 31, 2022. This was mainly due to increased prepayments to suppliers compared to December 31, 2022, and to a lesser extent, due to an increase in other current assets. These effects were partially offset by a decrease in VAT receivables during the period.
Grants receivable
Grants receivable increased $516,556 (69.5%) to $1,259,393 as of September 30, 2023 from $742,837 as of December 31, 2022. This increase was mainly due to grants earned during the period for R&D activities in Spain, in line with prior periods, partially offset by collections of grants in the United States.
Contract assets
Contract assets decreased $1,931,696 (87.9%) to $266,034 as of September 30, 2023 from $2,197,730 as of December 31, 2022. This decrease was due to the transfer of $2,197,730 from contract assets to accounts receivable associated with timing differences between revenue recognition and customer billings.
PP&E, net
PP&E, net increased $6,923,971 (134.5%) to $12,071,988 as of September 30, 2023 from $5,148,017 as of December 31, 2022. This increase was primarily due to increased assets under construction, mainly related with the SoHyCal facility, partially offset by an increase in accumulated depreciation as of such date. To a lesser extent, this increase was partially related to an increase in computer hardware and furniture and other fixtures.
Operating lease — Right of use asset, net
Right of use assets decreased $257,588 (11.5%) to $1,978,266 as of September 30, 2023 from $2,235,854 as of December 31, 2022, with a corresponding decrease in long-term operating lease liabilities. This decrease was primarily due to a $212,834 reduction adjustment in the right-of-use due to a lease amendment signed in February 2023 for one of the California lease agreements.
Equity method investments
Equity method investments amounted to $142,530 as of September 30, 2023 from nil as of December 31, 2022, which is attributed to our investment in two joint ventures during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023. One of our joint ventures, GreenH Electrolysis Private Limited, became operational on March 15, 2023. The Company holds a 50% ownership stake in this venture. Similarly, our second joint venture, H2V2 Mexico, S.A. de C.V., commenced operations on March 30, 2023, with the Company holding a 40%