Despite advantages, why have GBS LNG units not taken off in a big way?
I think it is a mix of multiple factors. LNG is relatively a new market that has picked up in the last two decades. It’s not something that has grown over the last 100 years, like oil. The Koreans were really fast in developing FSRUs. Most people took the path of least resistance and ended up following that model (FSRUs) or set up land-based terminals. Everybody went after benign waters or areas where breakwater could be easily built for an FSRU. But those vanilla locations are now gone and developers have to contend with harsh weather conditions.
In terms of project costs, how does a GBS regasification unit compare with other types of LNG terminals?
If a land-based terminal costs $120, a GBS unit would cost $100, and an FSRU’s core cost would be $70-80. For an FSRU, there will be additional costs like breakwater. All costs, including those needed to make conditions benign for FSRUs, would be much higher. For land-based terminals, dredging may be required from time to time—an additional ongoing cost. GBS units don’t have these overheads.
Earlier you had planned to close the FID by 2022-end, but it has been delayed. What is the current status and estimated timeline?
It has been a moving target as approvals took more-than-expected time. We are completing the remaining part of the engineering, with which we will finalise the design and the EPC (engineering, procurement, construction) contract. That will be followed by final negotiations with potential users. All this will take 15-18 months and we are hoping to get this (FID) done by mid-2025. The construction would then start. It is a 30-month construction, with another three-six months for commissioning. So, 2028 is what we are targeting for project completion.
Which companies have shown interest in using the terminal? At what stage are the negotiations?
I cannot name any potential customer at this stage, just that they include India’s oil and gas majors and we would have a mix of government and private companies. Talks with government companies could take longer as there may be some approvals required.
We are obligated to maintain 15% capacity for spot and short-term cargoes, which means we can offer about 6.1 mtpa. We plan to place about 3.5-4 mtpa on 20-year contracts, and the rest on 10-year contracts.
We are only giving regasification as a service, and not buying the molecule (LNG) and then selling it. It’s easier for a financier to look at us favourably because in the absence of the molecule risk, it becomes an infrastructure and technology business that is not really impacted by commodity price fluctuations.
Are you open to Indian oil and gas companies acquiring stake in the project? Have there been any discussions?
Yes, we have been in discussions with them. We have received interest from some of them for investments in the project, apart from terminal usage. We would prefer a strategic investor, someone who is in the gas business, or has experience in operating LNG terminals, and our customers. Why would we not accept an investment from a company that is already working with us and has far more experience in operating in India?