Loans | NOTE 4 — Loans Major classifications of loans are as follows: December 31, December 31, (in thousands) Commercial: Real estate $ 231,893 $ 210,858 Other 47,898 43,708 Residential real estate: First mortgage 97,747 85,444 Construction 359 3,248 Consumer: Home equity and lines of credit 19,683 18,590 Other 134 99 Subtotal 397,714 361,947 Net deferred loan costs 854 830 Allowance for credit losses for loans ( 3,734 ) ( 3,203 ) Loans, net $ 394,834 $ 359,574 Deposit accounts in an overdrawn position and reclassified as loans totaled $ 78 and $ 98 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company provides several types of loans to its customers, including commercial, residential, construction and consumer loans. Significant loan concentrations are considered to exist when there are amounts loaned to one borrower, or to multiple borrowers engaged in similar activities, that would cause them to be similarly impacted by economic or other conditions. While credit risks tend to be geographically concentrated in the Company’s metropolitan Milwaukee market area, and while a significant portion of the Company’s loan portfolio is secured by commercial and residential real estate, there are no significant concentrations whose primary sources of repayment are reliant upon an individual or group of related borrowers. The Company also purchases loan participations from other financial institutions. The outstanding balance of loans purchased are included in the totals above and totaled $ 34.8 million as of December 31, 2023 and $ 31.6 million as of December 31, 2022. In addition, the amount available for future draws totaled $ 30.7 million at December 31, 2023. Loans purchased are primarily comprised of commercial real estate and other commercial loans. During the normal course of business, the Company may transfer a portion of a loan as a participation loan to another financial institution in order to manage portfolio risk. In order to be eligible for sales treatment, all cash flows from the loan must be divided proportionately, and rights of each loan holder must have the same priority, the loan holders must have no recourse to the transferor other than standard representations and warranties, and no loan holder can have the right to pledge or exchange the entire loan. As December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, the Company had transferred $ 29.0 million and $ 30.3 million in participation loans which were eligible for sales treatment to other financial institutions, all of which were being serviced by the Company. A summary of the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment is as follows: Commercial Residential Consumer Total (in thousands) Year ended December 31, 2023 Allowance for credit losses for loans Beginning balance $ 1,944 $ 752 $ 507 $ 3,203 Provision for credit losses 64 22 4 90 CECL Adoption Adjustment (1) 666 75 ( 329 ) 412 Loans charged-off — — ( 10 ) ( 10 ) Recoveries 19 — 20 39 Ending balance $ 2,693 $ 849 $ 192 $ 3,734 Allowance for credit losses for unfunded loan commitments (2) Beginning balance $ — $ — $ — $ — Provision for credit losses 207 3 — 210 CECL Adoption Adjustment (1) 640 25 — $ 665 Ending balance $ 847 $ 28 $ — $ 875 Total Allowance for credit losses for loans and unfunded loan commitments $ 3,540 $ 877 $ 192 $ 4,609 Year ended December 31, 2022 Allowance for loan losses Beginning balance $ 1,657 $ 745 $ 456 $ 2,858 Provision for loan losses 222 — — 222 Loans charged-off — — ( 10 ) ( 10 ) Recoveries 65 7 61 133 Ending balance $ 1,944 $ 752 $ 507 $ 3,203 (1) On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 ("CECL"). See Note 1 for additional information regarding the adoption of ASU 2016-13. (2) The allowance for credit losses for unfunded loan commitments is included in other liabilities on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The provision for credit losses is determined by the Company as the amount that is to be added to the ACL accounts to bring the ACL to a level that, in management's judgment, is necessary to absorb expected credit losses over the lives of the respective financial instruments. The following table presents the components of the provision for credit losses: Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 (in thousands) Provision for credit losses for: Loans $ 90 $ 222 Unfunded loan commitments 210 N/A Total $ 300 $ 222 The Company regularly evaluates various attributes of loans to determine the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses. The credit quality indicators monitored differ depending on the class of loan. • “Pass” ratings are assigned to loans with adequate collateral and debt service ability such that collectability of the contractual loan payments is highly probable. • “Watch / Special mention” ratings are assigned to loans where management has some concern that the collateral or debt service ability may not be adequate, though the collectability of the contractual loan payments is still probable. • “Substandard” ratings are assigned to loans that do not have adequate collateral and/or debt service ability such that collectability of the contractual loan payments is no longer probable. • “Doubtful” ratings are assigned to loans that do not have adequate collateral and/or debt service ability, and collectability of the contractual loan payments is unlikely. Residential real estate and consumer loans are generally evaluated based on whether or not the loan is performing or on nonaccrual status. See Note 1 for additional information on our nonaccrual policy. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of our loans by credit quality indicator and origination year, at December 31, 2023: December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 and Prior Revolving Lines of Credit Revolving Lines of Credit Converted to Term Loans Total Loans (in thousands) Commercial real estate: Pass $ 22,486 $ 78,098 $ 40,597 $ 40,914 $ 8,881 $ 34,342 $ 42 $- $ 225,360 Watch and special mention - 232 - - 1,706 328 - - 2,266 Substandard - 1,885 598 - 287 1,075 - - 3,845 Nonaccrual - 79 - - - 343 - - 422 Total commercial real estate 22,486 80,294 41,195 40,914 10,874 36,088 42 - 231,893 Other commercial loans: Pass 16,949 11,347 4,729 974 64 1,488 9,905 - 45,456 Watch and special mention - - 197 31 15 48 828 - 1,119 Substandard - 236 411 - - 116 560 - 1,323 Total other commercial loans 16,949 11,583 5,337 1,005 79 1,652 11,293 - 47,898 Total commercial loans 39,435 91,877 46,532 41,919 10,953 37,740 11,335 - 279,791 Residential real estate - first mortgage: Performing 13,485 14,419 33,619 15,854 3,033 16,680 - - 97,090 Nonaccrual - - - - - 657 - - 657 Total residential real estate - first mortgage 13,485 14,419 33,619 15,854 3,033 17,337 - - 97,747 Residential real estate - construction: Performing 359 - - - - - - - 359 Nonaccrual - - - - - - - - - Total residential real estate - construction 359 - - - - - - - 359 Total residential real estate 13,844 14,419 33,619 15,854 3,033 17,337 - - 98,106 Consumer - home equity and lines of credit: Performing 74 53 142 66 167 1,504 16,939 707 19,652 Nonaccrual - - - - - 31 - - 31 Total consumer - home equity and lines of credit 74 53 142 66 167 1,535 16,939 707 19,683 Consumer - other Performing 73 46 - 7 - 8 - - 134 Nonaccrual - - - - - - - - - Total consumer - other 73 46 - 7 - 8 - - 134 Total consumer 147 99 142 73 167 1,543 16,939 707 19,817 Total loans $ 53,426 $ 106,395 $ 80,293 $ 57,846 $ 14,153 $ 56,620 $ 28,274 $ 707 $ 397,714 A summary of the credit quality indicators for commercial loans, at amortized cost, prior to the adoption of CECL is presented below: December 31, 2022 Pass Watch and Special Mention Substandard Total (in thousands) Commercial: Real estate $ 206,655 $ 2,932 $ 1,271 $ 210,858 Land development — — — — Other 41,569 35 2,104 43,708 Total $ 248,224 $ 2,967 $ 3,375 $ 254,566 There were no commercial loans rated Doubtful or Loss as of December 31, 2022. A summary of the credit quality indicators for residential real estate and consumer loans, at amortized cost, prior to the adoption of CECL is presented below: December 31, 2022 Performing Non-Performing Total (in thousands) Residential real estate: First mortgage $ 84,730 $ 714 $ 85,444 Construction 3,248 — 3,248 Consumer: Home equity and lines of credit 18,535 55 18,590 Other 99 — 99 Total $ 106,612 $ 769 $ 107,381 The following table presents gross charge-offs of our loans for each portfolio class, by origination year, that occurred during 2023. See Note 1 for additional information on our charge-off policy. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 and Prior Revolving Lines of Credit Revolving Lines of Credit Converted to Term Loans Total Loans (in thousands) Commercial: Real estate $- $- $- $- $- $- $- $- $- Land development - - - - - - - - - Other - - - - - - - - - Total commercial loans - - - - - - - - - Residential real estate: First mortgage - - - - - - - - - Construction - - - - - - - - - Total residential real estate - - - - - - - - - Consumer: Home equity and lines of credit - - - - - - - - - Other 1 3 1 1 - 4 - - 10 Total consumer 1 3 1 1 - 4 - - 10 Total current period charge-offs $ 1 $ 3 $ 1 $ 1 $- $ 4 $- $- $ 10 An analysis of past due loans, net of amortized costs, is presented below: December 31, 2023 Loans Past Due 30-89 Days Loans Past Due 90+ Days Total Past Due Current Loans Total Loans (in thousands) Commercial: Real estate $ 79 $ 343 $ 422 $ 231,471 $ 231,893 Land development — — — — — Other — — — 47,898 47,898 Residential real estate: First mortgage 299 52 351 97,396 97,747 Construction — — — 359 359 Consumer: Home equity and lines of credit — — — 19,683 19,683 Other — — — 134 134 Total 378 395 $ 773 $ 396,941 $ 397,714 December 31, 2022 Loans Past Due 30-89 Days Loans Past Due 90+ Days Total Past Due Current Loans Total Loans (in thousands) Commercial: Real estate $ 1,732 $ — $ 1,732 $ 209,126 $ 210,858 Land development — — — — — Other — — — 43,708 43,708 Residential real estate: First mortgage 181 63 244 85,200 85,444 Construction — — — 3,248 3,248 Consumer: Home equity and lines of credit 72 21 93 18,497 18,590 Other 2 — 2 97 99 Total $ 1,987 $ 84 $ 2,071 $ 359,876 $ 361,947 There are no loans 90 or more days past due and accruing interest as of December 31, 2023 or 2022. The following table presents the amortized cost of our loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. All loans that were 90 days or more past due were on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. December 31, December 31, (in thousands) Commercial: Real estate $ 422 $ — Land development — — Other — — Residential real estate: First mortgage 657 714 Construction — — Consumer: Home equity and lines of credit 31 55 Other — — Total nonaccrual loans $ 1,110 $ 769 Total nonaccrual loans to total loans 0.28 % 0.21 % Total nonaccrual loans to total assets 0.20 % 0.14 % The Company had $ 1.1 mill ion of loans that were on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2023, with no related allowance for credit losses. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, there was no interest earned on nonaccrual loans and $ 11,000 in accrued interest was reversed on nonaccrual loans. At December 31, 2023, the Company held loans that were individually evaluated for impairment due to financial difficulties experienced by the borrower and for which the repayment, on the basis of our assessment, is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. The ACL for these collateral dependent loans is primarily based on the fair value of the underlying collateral at the reporting date. The following describes the type of collateral that secure collateral dependent loans: • Commercial real estate loans are primarily secured by office and industrial buildings and warehouses. • Commercial and industrial loans are primarily secured by accounts receivable, inventory and equipment. • One-to-four-family mortgages are primarily secured by first liens on residential real estate. • Home equity loans are primarily secured by first and junior loans on residential real estate. The table below summarizes collateral dependent loans and the related ACL at December 31, 2023 for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty: Loans ACL (in thousands) Commercial: Real estate $ 4,457 $ — Land development — — Other 1,323 — Residential real estate: First mortgage 855 — Construction — — Consumer: Home equity and lines of credit 31 — Other — — Total $ 6,666 — A summary of loans evaluated individually and collectively for impairment, at amortized cost, and the related allowance for loan losses, prior to the adoption of CEC L is presented below: December 31, 2022 Commercial Residential Consumer Total (in thousands) Loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 3,525 $ 917 $ 55 $ 4,497 Collectively evaluated for impairment 251,041 87,775 18,634 357,450 Total loans $ 254,566 $ 88,692 $ 18,689 $ 361,947 Allowance for loan losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,944 752 507 3,203 Total allowance for loan losses $ 1,944 $ 752 $ 507 $ 3,203 Information regarding impaired loans, at amortized cost, prior to the adoption of CECL is presented below: As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2022 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Reserve Average Investment Interest Recognized (in thousands) Impaired loans with reserve: Commercial: Real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Land development — — — — — Other — — — — — Residential real estate: First mortgage — — — — — Construction — — — — — Consumer: Home equity and lines of credit — — — — — Other — — — — — Total impaired loans $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Impaired loans with no reserve: Commercial: Real estate $ 1,422 $ 1,470 NA $ 3,952 $ 177 Land development — — NA — — Other 2,103 2,103 NA 1,325 110 Residential real estate: First mortgage 917 1,138 NA 1,011 55 Construction — — NA — — Consumer: Home equity and lines of credit 55 60 NA 37 2 Other — — NA — — Total impaired loans 4,497 4,771 NA 6,325 344 Total impaired loans $ 4,497 $ 4,771 $ — $ 6,325 $ 344 The adoption of ASU 2022-02 eliminated troubled debt restructurings (TDR's) recognition and measurement guidance, as well as all TDR related disclosures. See Note 1 for additional information. TDRs were loan modifications where concessions were granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. The Company did not modify any loans for borrowers that are experiencing financial difficulty and did not have any previous modifications that were made during the past 12 months that experienced a payment default during the twelve months ended December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2022, the Company had $ 538 of TDR's, of which $ 183 were on nonaccrual status. There were no loan modifications that were classified as a TDR during the year ended December 31, 2022. |