Loans Receivable and the Allowance for Credit Losses | Note 6 — Loans Receivable and the Allowance for Credit Losses Loans are stated at unpaid principal balances plus net deferred loan origination fees and costs less an allowance for credit losses. Interest on loans receivable is recorded on the accrual basis. An allowance for uncollected interest is established on loans where management has determined that the borrowers may be unable to meet contractual principal and/or interest obligations or where interest or principal is 90 days or more past due, unless the loans are well secured with a reasonable expectation of collection. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, an allowance for uncollected interest is established and charged against current income. Thereafter, interest income is not recognized unless the financial condition and payment record of the borrower warrant the recognition of interest income. Generally, loans are restored to accrual status when the obligation is brought current, has performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt. Interest on loans that have been restructured is accrued according to the renegotiated terms. Net loan origination fees and costs are deferred and amortized into interest income over the contractual lives of the related loans by use of the level yield method. Past due status of loans is based upon the contractual due date. Prepayment penalties received on loans which pay in full prior to the scheduled maturity are included in interest income in the period the prepayment penalties are collected. The composition of loans were as follows at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: September 30, December 31, 2023 2022 (In Thousands) Residential real estate: One-to-four family $ 5,303 $ 5,467 Multi-family 175,699 123,385 Mixed-use 28,533 21,902 Total residential real estate 209,535 150,754 Non-residential real estate 20,289 25,324 Construction 1,168,909 930,628 Commercial and industrial 107,963 110,069 Consumer 1,242 546 Total Loans 1,507,938 1,217,321 Deferred loan costs, net 232 372 Allowance for credit losses (4,767) (5,474) $ 1,503,403 $ 1,212,219 Loans serviced for the benefit of others totaled approximately $37.5 million and $22.4 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The value of mortgage servicing rights was not material at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The allowance for credit losses on loans represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the statement of financial condition date and is recorded as a reduction to loans. The allowance for credit losses is increased by the provision for credit losses, and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries. Loans deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for credit losses, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. All, or part, of the principal balance of loans receivable are charged off to the allowance as soon as it is determined that the repayment of all, or part, of the principal balance is highly unlikely. The allowance for credit losses on loans is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for losses that can be reasonably anticipated. Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance. The allowance is based on the relevant available information from internal and external sources related to past events and current conditions, as well as the incorporation of reasonable and supportable forecasts. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. The following tables summarize the allocation of the allowance for credit losses based upon the calculation methodology described in Note 1, and loans receivable by loan class and credit loss method at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: At September 30, 2023: Non- Commercial Residential residential and Real Estate Real Estate Construction Industrial Consumer Unallocated Total (In Thousands) Allowance for credit losses: Ending balance $ 2,108 $ 110 $ 1,917 $ 485 $ 147 $ — $ 4,767 Ending balance: individually evaluated for credit loss $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively evaluated for credit loss $ 2,108 $ 110 $ 1,917 $ 485 $ 147 $ — $ 4,767 Loans receivable: Ending balance $ 209,535 $ 20,289 $ 1,168,909 $ 107,963 $ 1,242 $ — $ 1,507,938 Ending balance: individually evaluated for credit loss $ — $ — $ 4,381 $ — $ — $ — $ 4,381 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for credit loss $ 209,535 $ 20,289 $ 1,164,528 $ 107,963 $ 1,242 $ — $ 1,503,557 At December 31, 2022: Non- Commercial Residential residential and Real Estate Real Estate Construction Industrial Consumer Unallocated Total (In Thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Ending balance $ 528 $ 131 $ 3,835 $ 955 $ 18 $ 7 $ 5,474 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 528 $ 131 $ 3,835 $ 955 $ 18 $ 7 $ 5,474 Loans receivable: Ending balance $ 150,754 $ 25,324 $ 930,628 $ 110,069 $ 546 $ — $ 1,217,321 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 855 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 855 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 149,899 $ 25,324 $ 930,628 $ 110,069 $ 546 $ — $ 1,216,466 The activity in the allowance for credit loss by loan class for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 was as follows: Non- Commercial Residential residential and Real Estate Real Estate Construction Industrial Consumer Unallocated Total (In Thousands) Allowance for credit losses: Balance -June 30, 2023 $ 1,559 $ 118 $ 2,123 $ 515 $ 85 $ — $ 4,400 Charge-offs — — — — (71) — (71) Recoveries — — — — — — — Provision (Benefit) 549 (8) (206) (30) 133 — 438 Balance -September 30, 2023 $ 2,108 $ 110 $ 1,917 $ 485 $ 147 $ — $ 4,767 Non- Commercial Residential residential and Real Estate Real Estate Construction Industrial Consumer Unallocated Total (In Thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Balance - June 30, 2022 $ 546 $ 198 $ 3,581 $ 865 $ 16 $ 261 $ 5,467 Charge-offs — — — — (6) — (6) Recoveries — — — — — — — Provision (Benefit) (151) (55) 312 66 25 (197) — Balance - September 30, 2022 $ 395 $ 143 $ 3,893 $ 931 $ 35 $ 64 $ 5,461 Non- Commercial Residential residential and Real Estate Real Estate Construction Industrial Consumer Unallocated Total (In Thousands) Allowance for credit losses: Balance - December 31, 2022 $ 528 $ 131 $ 3,835 $ 955 $ 18 $ 7 $ 5,474 Impact of adopting ASC 326 895 7 (2,086) (437) 44 (7) (1,584) Charge-offs — — (159) — (127) — (286) Recoveries — — — — — — — Provision (Benefit) 685 (28) 327 (33) 212 — 1,163 Balance - September 30, 2023 $ 2,108 $ 110 $ 1,917 $ 485 $ 147 $ — $ 4,767 Non- Commercial Residential residential and Real Estate Real Estate Construction Industrial Consumer Unallocated Total (In Thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Balance - December 31, 2021 $ 571 $ 381 $ 3,143 $ 973 $ 10 $ 164 $ 5,242 Charge-offs — — — — (23) — (23) Recoveries 189 53 — — — — 242 Provision (Benefit) (365) (291) 750 (42) 48 (100) — Balance - September 30, 2022 $ 395 $ 143 $ 3,893 $ 931 $ 35 $ 64 $ 5,461 During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the provision expenses recorded for residential real estate loans were primarily attributed to the increased loan balances. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the credit provision recorded for construction loans was due to decreased loan balances. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the provision expenses recorded for construction loans were primarily attributed to the increased loan balances. The Company has two individually evaluated loans, totaling $4.4 million, which were collateral-dependent construction loans, secured by multi-family real estate, at September 30, 2023. The two loans are secured by the same project located in the Bronx, New York, and are currently placed on non-accrual status. There was no interest income recognized from non-accrual loans as of September 30, 2023. There were no non-accrual loans at December 31, 2022. The following table shows our recorded investment, unpaid principal balance and allocated allowance for credit losses for loans that were considered nonperforming and impaired as of and for the periods presented: As of and for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022: Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Average Recorded Interest Income Average Recorded Interest Income 2023 - Nonperforming Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized Investment Recognized (In Thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate-Multi-family $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Non-residential real estate — — — — — — — Construction 4,381 4,353 — 4,381 — 4,834 — Commercial and industrial — — — — — — — 4,381 4,353 — 4,381 — 4,834 — With an allowance recorded — — — — — — — Total: Residential real estate-Multi-family — — — — — — — Non-residential real estate — — — — — — — Construction 4,381 4,353 — 4,381 — 4,834 — Commercial and industrial — — — — — — — $ 4,381 $ 4,353 $ — $ 4,381 $ — $ 4,834 $ — Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Average Recorded Interest Income Average Recorded Interest Income 2022 - Impaired Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized Investment Recognized (In Thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate-Multi-family $ 861 $ 861 $ — $ 863 $ 11 $ 867 $ 33 Non-residential real estate — — — 385 — 570 14 Construction — — — — — — — Commercial and industrial — — — — — — — 861 861 — 1,248 11 1,437 47 With an allowance recorded — — — — — — — Total: Residential real estate-Multi-family 861 861 — 863 11 867 33 Non-residential real estate — — — 385 — 570 14 Construction — — — — — — — Commercial and industrial — — — — — — — $ 861 $ 861 $ — $ 1,248 $ 11 $ 1,437 $ 47 As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2022: Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Average Recorded Interest Income 2022 Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized (In Thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate-Multi-family $ 855 $ 769 $ — $ 863 $ 43 Non-residential real estate — — — 385 14 Construction — — — — — Commercial and industrial — — — — — 855 769 — 1,248 57 With an allowance recorded — — — — — Total: Residential real estate-Multi-family 855 769 — 863 43 Non-residential real estate — — — 385 14 Construction — — — — — Commercial and industrial — — — — — $ 855 $ 769 $ — $ 1,248 $ 57 The following tables provide information about delinquencies in our loan portfolio at the dates indicated. Age Analysis of Past Due Loans as of September 30, 2023: Recorded Investment > 30 – 59 Days 60 – 89 Days Greater Than Total Past Total Loans 90 Days and Past Due Past Due 90 Days Due Current Receivable Accruing (In Thousands) Residential real estate: One- to four-family $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5,303 $ 5,303 $ — Multi-family — — — — 175,699 175,699 — Mixed-use — — — — 28,533 28,533 — Non-residential real estate — — — — 20,289 20,289 — Construction loans — — 4,381 4,381 1,164,528 1,168,909 — Commercial and industrial loans — — — — 107,963 107,963 — Consumer — — — — 1,242 1,242 — $ — $ — $ 4,381 $ 4,381 $ 1,503,557 $ 1,507,938 $ — Age Analysis of Past Due Loans as of December 31, 2022: Recorded Investment 30 – 59 Days 60 – 89 Days Greater Than Total Past Total Loans > 90 Days and Past Due Past Due 90 Days Due Current Receivable Accruing (In Thousands) Residential real estate: One- to four-family $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5,467 $ 5,467 $ — Multi-family — 946 — 946 122,439 123,385 — Mixed-use — — — — 21,902 21,902 — Non-residential real estate — — — — 25,324 25,324 — Construction loans — — — — 930,628 930,628 — Commercial and industrial loans — — — — 110,069 110,069 — Consumer — — — — 546 546 — $ — $ 946 $ — $ 946 $ 1,216,375 $ 1,217,321 $ — Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually to classify the loans as to credit risk. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Pass Special Mention Substandard – Loans which are inadequately protected by the paying capacity and net worth of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard assets include those characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful The following table presents the risk category of loans at September 30, 2023 by loan segment and vintage year: Revolving Revolving Term Loans Amortized Costs Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans Amortized Converted September 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Residential real estate Risk Rating Pass $ 53,643 $ 72,141 $ 24,440 $ 10,756 $ 1,345 $ 46,294 $ - $ - $ 208,619 Special Mention - - - 916 - - - - 916 Substandard - - - - - - - - - Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 53,643 $ 72,141 $ 24,440 $ 11,672 $ 1,345 $ 46,294 $ - $ - $ 209,535 Residential real estate Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Non-residential real estate Risk Rating Pass $ - $ 252 $ 2,131 $ 999 $ 382 $ 16,525 $ - $ - $ 20,289 Special Mention - - - - - - - - - Substandard - - - - - - - - - Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ - $ 252 $ 2,131 $ 999 $ 382 $ 16,525 $ - $ - $ 20,289 Non-residential real estate Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Construction Risk Rating Pass $ 253,267 $ 543,534 $ 236,380 $ 56,220 $ 35,198 $ 39,929 $ - $ - $ 1,164,528 Special Mention - - - - - - - - - Substandard - - - 4,381 - - - - 4,381 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 253,267 $ 543,534 $ 236,380 $ 60,601 $ 35,198 $ 39,929 $ - $ - $ 1,168,909 Construction Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 159 $ - $ - $ 159 Commercial and industrial Risk Rating Pass $ 2,037 $ 8,701 $ 485 $ 520 $ 478 $ 2,313 $ 91,840 $ 1,589 $ 107,963 Special Mention - - - - - - - - - Substandard - - - - - - - - - Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 2,037 $ 8,701 $ 485 $ 520 $ 478 $ 2,313 $ 91,840 $ 1,589 $ 107,963 Commercial and industrial Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Consumer Risk Rating Pass $ 1,219 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ $ 23 $ - $ 1,242 Special Mention - - - - - - - - - Substandard - - - - - - - - - Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 1,219 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 23 $ - $ 1,242 Consumer Current period gross charge-offs $ 127 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 127 Total Risk Rating Pass $ 310,166 $ 624,628 $ 263,436 $ 68,495 $ 37,403 $ 105,061 $ 91,863 $ 1,589 $ 1,502,641 Special Mention - - - 916 - - - - 916 Substandard - - - 4,381 - - - - 4,381 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 310,166 $ 624,628 $ 263,436 $ 73,792 $ 37,403 $ 105,061 $ 91,863 $ 1,589 $ 1,507,938 The following table provides certain information related to the credit quality of our loan portfolio at December 31, 2022. Credit Risk Profile by Internally Assigned Grade as of December 31, 2022: Residential Non-residential Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction and Industrial Consumer Total (In Thousands) Grade: Pass $ 148,953 $ 25,324 $ 930,628 $ 110,069 $ 546 $ 1,215,520 Special Mention 946 — — — — 946 Substandard 855 — — — — 855 Doubtful — — — — — — $ 150,754 $ 25,324 $ 930,628 $ 110,069 $ 546 $ 1,217,321 Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: Occasionally, the Company modifies loans to borrowers in financial distress by providing principal forgiveness, term extension, an other-than-insignificant payment delay, or interest rate reduction. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of forgiveness is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. In some cases, the Company provides multiple types of concessions on one loan. Typically, one type of concession, such as a term extension, is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another concession, such as principal forgiveness, may be granted. There were no loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 or the year ended December 31, 2022. Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance Sheet Commitments: The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses related to off-balance sheet commitments, that is included in Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses on the consolidated statement of financial condition, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023: Allowance for Credit Loss Balance – December 31, 2022 $ - Impact of adopting ASC 326 1,586 Provision for credit loss (200) Balance – March 31, 2023 $ 1,386 Provision for credit loss 83 Balance – June 30, 2023 $ 1,469 Provision for credit loss (278) Balance – September 30, 2023 $ 1,191 |