Income tax expense
We accrue and pay the appropriate amount of income taxes according to the laws and regulations of each jurisdiction in which we operate. The majority of our revenue and profits are generated in the United States with a statutory income tax rate of approximately 21% in the nine-month periods ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. For the nine-month periods ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, we recorded total income tax expense of $35.2 million and $12.8 million, respectively, which reflected effective tax rates of 27.3% and 22.2%, respectively. These effective tax rates differ from the U.S. domestic statutory income tax rate of 21% primarily due to the U.S state and local income taxes coupled with the jurisdictional mix of income between the U.S. and other operating jurisdictions. We may in the future be subject to tax return audits and examinations by various taxing jurisdictions around the world, and there can be no assurance that the final determination of any tax examinations will not be materially different than that which is reflected in our income tax provisions and accruals. Should additional taxes be assessed as a result of a current or future examination, there could be a material adverse effect on our tax position, operating results, financial position and cash flows.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
We have historically financed our operations primarily with cash provided by operations and net parent contributions. Our principal uses of cash have been to fund our operations and invest in research and development. Excess cash has historically been distributed pursuant to a centralized cash management program administered by Flex. For as long as Nextracker is a controlled entity of Flex, Nextracker’s U.S. operations will continue to participate in the Flex cash pooling management programs intra-quarter and all outstanding positions are settled or scheduled for settlement as of each quarter end. On February 13, 2023, we borrowed $150.0 million in term loan that we entered into in connection with the IPO. We used the proceeds of the term loan, together with cash on hand, to make a distribution of $175.0 million to Flex (through Yuma and Yuma Subsidiary, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Yuma (“Yuma Sub”)) and TPG Rise Flash, L.P. (“TPG Rise”), an affiliate of the private equity firm TPG, (the “Distribution”) on February 13, 2023, immediately prior to the closing of the IPO. The revolving credit facility, which is available in U.S. dollars and euros on a revolving basis until the maturity date, will be available to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes. See “Credit Facilities” below.
Credit Facilities
In connection with the IPO, Nextracker Inc. and the LLC, as the borrower, entered into a senior credit facility with a syndicate of banks (the “2023 Credit Agreement”) comprised of (i) a term loan in the aggregate principal amount of $150.0 million (the “Term Loan”), and (ii) a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million (the “RCF”). The LLC borrowed the Term Loan, and used the proceeds to finance, in part, the Distribution.
The RCF is available in U.S. dollars, euros and such currencies as mutually agreed on a revolving basis during the five-year period through February 11, 2028 and is available to fund working capital and other general corporate purposes. A portion of the RCF not to exceed $300.0 million is available for the issuance of letters of credit. A portion of the RCF not to exceed $50.0 million is available for swing line loans. Subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, the LLC will be permitted to incur incremental term loan facilities or increase the RCF commitment in an aggregate principal amount equal to $100.0 million plus an additional amount such that the secured net leverage ratio or total net leverage ratio, as applicable, is equal to or less than a specified threshold after giving pro forma effect to such incurrence.
The obligations of the LLC under the 2023 Credit Agreement and related loan documents are jointly and severally guaranteed by Nextracker Inc., certain other holding companies (collectively, the “Guarantors”) and, subject to certain exclusions, certain of the LLC’s existing and future direct and indirect wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries.
As of the closing of the 2023 Credit Agreement, all obligations of the LLC and the guarantors are secured by certain equity pledges by the LLC and the Guarantors. However, if the LLC’s total net leverage ratio exceeds a specified threshold, the collateral will include substantially all of the assets of the LLC and the Guarantors and, if the LLC meets certain investment grade conditions, such lien will be released.
The Term Loan requires quarterly principal payments beginning on June 30, 2024 in an amount equal to 0.625% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Term Loan. From June 30, 2025, the quarterly principal payment will increase to 1.25% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Term Loan. The remaining balance of the Term Loan and the outstanding balance of any RCF loans will be repayable on February 11, 2028. Borrowings under the 2023 Credit Agreement are prepayable and commitments subject to being reduced in each case at the LLC’s option without premium or penalty. The 2023 Credit Agreement contains certain mandatory prepayment provisions in the event that the LLC or its restricted subsidiaries incur certain types of indebtedness or, subject to certain reinvestment rights, receive net cash proceeds from certain asset sales or other dispositions of property.
Borrowings in U.S. dollars under the 2023 Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate based on either (a) a term secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”)-based formula (including a credit spread adjustment of 10 basis points) plus a margin of 162.5 basis points to 200 basis points, depending on the LLC’s total net leverage ratio, or (b) a base rate formula plus a margin of 62.5 basis point to 100 basis points, depending on the LLC’s total net leverage ratio. Borrowings under the RCF in euros will bear interest based on the adjusted EURIBOR rate plus a margin of 162.5 basis points to 200 basis points, depending on the LLC’s total net leverage ratio. The LLC will also be required to pay a quarterly commitment fee on the undrawn portion of the RCF commitments of 20 basis points to 35 basis points, depending on the LLC’s total net leverage ratio. The interest rate for the Term Loan is 5.12% (SOFR rate of 3.49% plus a margin of 1.63%).
The 2023 Credit Agreement contains certain affirmative and negative covenants that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, limit the ability of the LLC and its restricted subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness or liens, to dispose of assets, change their fiscal year or lines of business, pay dividends and other restricted payments, make investments and other acquisitions, make optional payments of subordinated and junior lien debt, enter into transactions with affiliates and enter into restrictive agreements. In addition, the 2023 Credit Agreement requires the LLC to maintain a maximum consolidated total net leverage ratio.
Tax Receivable Agreement
In connection with the IPO, on February 13, 2023, Nextracker Inc. also entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement that provided for the payment by us to Yuma, Yuma Sub, TPG Rise, and the following affiliates of TPG Rise: TPG Rise Climate Flash Cl BDH, L.P., TPG Rise Climate BDH, L.P. and The Rise Fund II BDH, L.P. (or certain permitted transferees thereof) of 85% of the tax benefits, if any, that we are deemed to realize under certain circumstances, as more fully described in Note 4, “Subsequent events,” in the notes to the Nextracker Inc. unaudited condensed financial statement, and Note 10, “Subsequent events,” in the notes to the unaudited condensed combined financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. There may be a material negative effect on our liquidity if, as a result of timing discrepancies or otherwise, the payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement exceed the actual benefits we realize in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement or distributions to us by the LLC are not sufficient to permit us to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement after we have paid taxes.
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