Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Basis of presentation | (a) Basis of Presentation |
Share consolidation | (b) Share Consolidation |
Principles of consolidation | (c) Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company, its subsidiaries, and the VIEs for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Subsidiaries are those entities in which the Company, directly or indirectly, controls more than one half of the voting power or has the power to govern the financial and operating policies, to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the board of directors, or to cast a majority of votes at the meeting of directors. A consolidated affiliated entity is an entity in which the Company, or its subsidiary, through contractual arrangements, exercises effective control over the activities that most impact the economic performance, bears the risks of, and enjoys the rewards normally associated with ownership of the entity, and therefore the Company or its subsidiary is the primary beneficiary of the entity. |
Use of estimates | (d) Use of Estimates |
Foreign currency | (e) Foreign Currency The Group’s reporting currency is U.S. Dollars ("USD" or "$"). The functional currency of the Group’s entities incorporated in the Cayman Islands, the U.S. and Hong Kong is USD. The Group’s PRC subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs determined their functional currency to be Renminbi (“RMB”). The Group’s entities incorporated in Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom and other jurisdictions use their respective local currencies as their functional currencies. The determination of the respective functional currency is based on the criteria of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 830, Foreign Currency Matters. Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates quoted by authoritative banks prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Exchange gains and losses resulting from those foreign currency transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are recorded as “Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Functional currencies of the Group's entities other than the RMB and USD included Great Britain Pounds (“GBP”), Japanese Yen (“JPY”), Euros (“EUR”), Canadian Dollars ("CAD"), Hong Kong Dollars ("HKD"), Malaysian Ringgits ("MYD"), Vietnamese Dongs (“VND”) and Mexican Pesos (“MXN”). These entities translate their operating results and financial positions into USD, the Group’s reporting currency. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into USD using the applicable exchange rates at the balance sheet date. Equity accounts other than earnings generated in the current period are translated into USD at the appropriate historical rates. Revenues, expenses, gains and losses are translated into USD using the periodic average exchange rates. The resulting foreign currency translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income as a component of shareholders’ equity. |
Commitments and contingencies | (f) Commitments and Contingencies |
Cash | (g) Cash Cash consists of deposits at financial institutions. Cash is deposited into financial institutions at the locations listed below: December 31, 2022 2023 (In thousands) Financial institutions in the United States - Denominated in USD $ 47,028 $ 83,961 - Denominated in GBP 56 80 - Denominated in CAD — 192 - Denominated in MXN — 9 Total cash balances held at financial institutions in the United States 47,084 84,242 Financial institutions in Hong Kong - Denominated in USD 40,001 3,078 - Denominated in EUR 734 22,955 - Denominated in GBP 1,635 6,756 - Denominated in JPY 316 12,871 - Denominated in HKD 67 34 Total cash balances held at financial institutions in Hong Kong 42,753 45,694 Financial institutions in Japan - Denominated in JPY 6,640 14,055 - Denominated in USD 1,405 65 Total cash balances held at financial institutions in Japan 8,045 14,120 Financial institutions in the United Kingdom - Denominated in GBP 104 643 - Denominated in USD 14 273 - Denominated in EUR 3,158 628 Total cash balances held at financial institutions in the United Kingdom 3,276 1,544 Financial institutions in the mainland of the PRC - Denominated in RMB 1,616 8,557 - Denominated in USD 31,961 1,130 - Denominated in EUR 1,066 16,092 - Denominated in GBP 6,870 8,359 Total cash balances held at financial institutions in the PRC $ 41,513 $ 34,138 Financial institutions in Germany December 31, 2022 2023 (In thousands) - Denominated in EUR $ 816 $ 2,960 - Denominated in USD — 468 - Denominated in GBP — 31 Total cash balances held at financial institutions in Germany 816 3,459 Financial institutions in Vietnam - Denominated in VND 44 81 - Denominated in RMB — 1 - Denominated in USD — 1 Total cash balances held at financial institutions in Vietnam 44 83 Financial institutions in Malaysia — — - Denominated in MYR — 3 Total cash balances held at financial institutions in Malaysia — 3 Total cash held at financial institutions $ 143,531 $ 183,283 |
Restricted cash | (h) Restricted Cash Cash that is restricted for withdrawal or use is reported separately on the consolidated balance sheets. The Group’s restricted cash represents security deposits held in designated bank accounts for issuance of letters of guarantee. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the restricted cash, held by the Group at the United States financial institutions and denominated in U.S. Dollars, amounted to $1,545 thousand and $885 thousand, respectively. A reconciliation of cash and restricted cash in the consolidated balance sheets to the amounts in the consolidated statement of cash flows is as follows: December 31, 2022 2023 (In thousands) Cash $ 143,531 $ 183,283 Restricted cash 1,545 885 Total cash and restricted cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows $ 145,076 $ 184,168 |
Contract balances | (i) Contract Balances The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections result in accounts receivable and contract liabilities. A contract liability is recognized when the Group has an obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Group has received consideration from the customer, or for which an amount of consideration is due from the customer. Accounts receivable are recognized in the period when the Group has transferred products or provided services to its customers and when its right to consideration is unconditional. Amounts collected on accounts receivable are included in net cash provided by operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. The Group maintains a general and specific allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses inherent in its accounts receivable portfolio. Accounts receivable balances with large creditworthy customers are reviewed by management individually for collectability. All other balances are reviewed on a pooled basis. A percentage of general allowance is applied to the balances of accounts receivable in each aging category, excluding those which are assessed individually for collectability. Management considers various factors, including historical loss experience, current market conditions, the financial condition of its debtors, any receivables in dispute, the aging of receivables and current payment patterns of its debtors, in establishing the required allowance. |
Inventories | (j) Inventories |
Property and equipment, net | (k) Property and Equipment, net Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any recorded impairment. Depreciation on property and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: Office and other equipment 3-5 years Vehicles 10 years Logistics, warehouse and other heavy equipment 15 years When items are retired or otherwise disposed of, income is charged or credited for the difference between net book value and the proceeds received thereon. Ordinary maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. |
Software development costs | (l) Software Development Costs The Group incurs software development costs related to internal-use software and the Group's websites. No software development costs were capitalized for the years presented. All other costs, including those related to design or maintenance, are expensed as incurred. |
Business combinations | (m) Business Combinations The Group applies the provisions of ASC 805, Business Combinations ("ASC 805"), in accounting for our acquisitions. ASC 805 requires that we evaluate whether a transaction pertains to an acquisition of assets, or to an acquisition of a business. A business is defined as an integrated set of inputs and processes that is capable of being conducted and managed for the purpose of providing an output, or a return to investors. Asset acquisitions are accounted for by allocating the cost of the acquisition to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed on a relative fair value basis, whereas the acquisition of a business requires the Group to recognize separately from goodwill the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the acquisition date fair values. The Group accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method. Accordingly, identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at their acquisition date fair values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is recorded as the difference, if any, between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed . Goodwill recorded in an acquisition is assigned to applicable reporting units that are expected to benefit from the synergies. I dentifiable intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their useful lives. Amortization of intangible assets is recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. While we use our best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as any contingent consideration, where applicable, our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the business acquisition date, we record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of a business acquisition’s measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to our consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The Group also incurs acquisition-related and other expenses including legal, banking, accounting and other advisory fees of third parties which are recorded as general and administrative expenses as incurred. The results of operations of acquired businesses are included in the consolidated financial statements from the acquisition date. |
Goodwill | (n) Goodwill The primary drivers that generate goodwill are the value of synergies between the acquired entities and the Group and the acquired assembled workforce, neither of which qualifies as a separately identifiable intangible asset. The Group assesses goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level annually or more frequently if indicators of impairment are present. The Group did not incur impairment charges for goodwill in 2023 and the Group had no goodwill prior to 2023. The determination of reporting units requires judgment, and if the Group changed the definition of our reporting units, it is possible that the Group would have reached different conclusions when performing the Group's impairment tests. The group initially evaluates qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than it’s carrying amount. If the qualitative assessment is not conclusive, we quantitatively assess the fair value of a reporting unit to test goodwill for impairment. |
Intangible assets other than goodwill | (o) Intangible Assets Other than Goodwill Intangible assets, other than goodwill, primarily include customer relationships and technology assets acquired in business combinations. Intangible assets are amortized over periods ranging from 1 to 15 years, using a straight-line basis or on a basis consistent with the pattern in which the economic benefits are realized. |
Leases | (p) Leases In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02 or ASC 842, which increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The FASB subsequently issued amendments to clarify the implementation guidance. As an emerging growth company, the Group adopted these standards on January 1, 2022, using a modified retrospective method for leases that exist at, or are entered into after, January 1, 2022, and has not recast the comparative periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. Additionally, the Group elected the package of practical expedients that allowed it not to reassess: (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) lease classification for any expired or existing leases and (3) initial direct costs for any expired or existing leases. The Group also elected the hindsight practical expedient to determine the reasonably certain lease term for existing leases. The Group categorizes leases at their inception as either operating or finance leases. Lease agreements mainly cover office space, warehouses, storage rack and other heavy equipment used in the warehouses. Most of these leases are operating leases; however, certain warehouse storage shelves from a third-party lessor are leased under finance leases. Leased assets pursuant to operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets ("ROU"), while leased assets pursuant to finance leases are included in property and equipment, net. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Group uses a secured incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate for present value of lease payments when the rate implicit in the contract is not readily determinable. Leases that have a term of twelve months or less upon commencement date are considered short-term in nature. Accordingly, short-term leases are not included on the consolidated balance sheets and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term, which commences on the date the Group has the right to control the property. For leases acquired in business combinations or asset acquisitions, ROU assets are measured at the same amount as the lease liability as adjusted to reflect favorable or unfavorable terms of the lease when compared with market terms. |
Revenue recognition | (q) Revenue recognition The Group recognizes revenues when the Group satisfies a performance obligation by transferring a promised good or service (that is, an asset) to a customer. An asset is transferred when the customer obtains control of that asset. The Group evaluates whether it is appropriate to record the gross amount of merchandise sales and related costs or the net amount earned as commissions. When the Group is a principal, and the Group obtains control of the specified goods or services before they are transferred to the customers, the revenues should be recognized at the gross amount of consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for the specified goods or services transferred. When the Group is an agent and its obligation is to facilitate third parties in fulfilling their performance obligation for specified goods or services, the revenues should be recognized at the net amount of commission that the Group earns in exchange for arranging for the specified goods or services to be provided by other parties. Revenues are recorded net of value-added taxes. The Group focuses on selling large parcel merchandise to various distributors and individual customers, as well as the provision of ecommerce solutions on its own platform (“GigaCloud Marketplace”), with which the Group could democratize access and distribution globally to manufacturers (“Sellers”) and online resellers (“Buyers”) without borders. The Group’s revenues include revenues from product sales and services. Product sales include sales on the GigaCloud Marketplace (“GigaCloud 1P”) and sales to and through third-party ecommerce websites (“Off-platform ecommerce”). Service revenues are generated from services provided to registered users, including Sellers and Buyers on GigaCloud Marketplace (“GigaCloud 3P”). GigaCloud 1P The Group sells its merchandise to its customers, who are Buyers on the GigaCloud Marketplace. The Group recognizes revenues net of discounts and return allowances. Such revenue is recognized at the point in time when control of the merchandise is transferred to the Buyer, which occurs upon shipment out of the Group’s warehouse to the destination designated by the Buyer. Off-platform ecommerce There are two business lines subject to Off-platform ecommerce, which include a) product sales made to third-party ecommerce websites (“Product sales to B”) and b) product sales to individual customers through third-party ecommerce websites (“Product sales to C”). Product sales to B The Group sells its merchandise to third-party ecommerce websites, who typically designate carrier companies to pick up merchandise from our warehouses. The Group recognizes revenue net of discounts and return allowances. Such revenue is recognized at the point in time when the third-party ecommerce websites obtain control of the merchandise, which is shipment out of the Group’s warehouse and pick-up by the carrier companies designated by the third-party ecommerce websites. As expenses charged by these websites are not in exchange for a distinct good or service, payments to these websites, which are the Group’s customers, are not recognized as expenses but recorded net of revenues. Product sales to C The Group sells its merchandise to individual customers through third-party ecommerce websites. The Group recognizes revenue when control over the merchandise is transferred to the individual customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled to in exchange of that merchandise. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when the individual customers take possession of merchandise, which is when the merchandise is delivered to the customers. Expenses incurred for product sales made through these websites, which are considered as platform commission, are recorded as selling and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. With respect to GigaCloud 1P and Off-platform ecommerce, the Group recognizes revenue on a gross basis as the Group is acting as a principal in these transactions and is responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified merchandise. Judgment is required to estimate the variable consideration incurred, which refers to return allowances. The Group estimates the variable consideration based on the volatility of markets and its past experience with similar types of product sales, and include the amounts of variable consideration in the transaction price to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Such estimates are made using the ‘expected value’ method and is updated as and when additional information is available. Liabilities for variable consideration are included as accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. GigaCloud 3P The Group enters into contracts with customers, which often include promises to transfer multiple services. For these contracts, the Group accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are capable of being distinct and distinct within the context of the contract. Determining whether services are considered distinct performance obligations may require significant judgment. The Group charges commission fees for sales transactions consummated on the GigaCloud Marketplace. The Group acts as an agent, as it does not take control of the merchandise provided by Sellers at any time during the transactions and does not have latitude over pricing of the merchandise. The Group initially sets a percentage of the transacted product value as commission fee that is charged upon transaction completion; varying levels of credits are applied retrospectively to customers whose monthly transaction value reaches certain specified hurdles. Revenue from commission fees is recognized upon successful sales of the merchandise by Sellers when Buyers take ownership of the merchandise and are able to control the merchandise at their discretion. As credits, and hence the effective rate of commission fees, are refreshed and adjusted at the end of each calendar month, no estimation is required beyond the end of each month. The Group also offers comprehensive supply chain solutions for Sellers. The Group provides services that help Sellers ship merchandise from the Sellers’ manufacturing plant to the Group’s overseas warehouses, utilizing the Group’s extensive shipping network consisting of ocean transportation providers, custom declaration agents, and domestic shipping companies. Furthermore, the Group also provides warehousing services to Sellers and Buyers through storage of merchandise in the Group’s warehouses, as well as packaging and last-mile delivery services from the Group’s warehouses to domestic destinations designated by Buyers. Revenues resulting from storage, ocean transportation services, and last-mile delivery services are recognized over time, as the Group performs contractual obligations through continuous transfer of control to Sellers or Buyers, and they could simultaneously receive and consume the benefits of the Group’s performance as it occurs; revenues from packaging services are recognized at the time the merchandise is packed and shipped, at which time the packaging service is considered completed. The Group is acting as a principal in providing aforementioned services and accordingly recognizes revenue on a gross basis as the Group determines the price and selects carriers at its own discretion. Sellers and Buyers could choose one or several of the above-mentioned services on the GigaCloud Marketplace. Therefore, there may be multiple performance obligations included in one transaction. Revenue is allocated to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price. The Group generally determines standalone selling prices based on observable prices. If the standalone selling price is not observable through past transactions, the Group |
Cost of revenues | (r) Cost of Revenues Cost of revenues are comprised of cost of product sales and cost of services. Cost of Product sales primarily consist of the purchase price of merchandise, shipping and handling costs for self-owned merchandise, warehouse rental expenses excluding the portion allocated to cost of service revenue and abnormal capacity, packaging fees and personnel related costs. Cost of services primarily consist of domestic delivery costs, an allocated portion of warehouse rental expenses, and costs associated with the operation of the GigaCloud Marketplace. |
Selling and marketing expenses | (s) Selling and Marketing Expenses Selling and marketing expenses mainly consist of platform service fees charged by third-party ecommerce websites arising from Product sales to C on Off-platform ecommerce channels, advertising expenses, payroll and related expenses for personnel engaged in selling and marketing activities, and rental and depreciation expenses relating to facilities and equipment used by those employees. |
Advertising expenses | (t) Advertising Expenses |
General and administrative expenses | (u) General and Administrative Expenses |
Research and development expense | (v) Research and Development Expenses Research and development expenses mainly consist of personnel costs, including share-based compensation expense associated with the Group’s engineering, programming, data analytics, and product development personnel responsible for the design, development, and testing of the Group's platform, rental and depreciation expenses associated with the use of facilities and equipment of aforementioned personnel, and information technology costs. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. |
Government grants | (w) Government grants Government grants are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply with the conditions attached to it and the grants will be received. The Group has received government grants in cash to support growth and competitiveness in the internet industry. No future related costs are stipulated. Government grants are recognized in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income when the grant becomes receivable. Government grants of nil, $1,085 thousand and $911 thousand were recorded in the Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. There were no significant commitments, contingencies or provisions for recapture conditions for the government grants received for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023. |
Share-based compensation | (x) Share-based Compensation The Group applies ASC 718 (“ASC 718”) Compensation—Share Compensation to account for its share-based payments. In accordance with ASC 718, the Group determines whether an award should be classified and accounted for as a liability award or an equity award. Share-based awards in the form of share options, restricted shares, restricted share units and ordinary shares that are equity-classified awards are measured at the grant date fair value of the awards. Compensation expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, if and when the Group considers that it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved. When no future services are required to be performed in exchange for an award, and if such award does not contain a performance or market condition, the cost of the award is expensed on the grant date. Share-based awards in the form of restricted share units granted to Audit Committee members are liability-classified awards, as the awards are share-settleable for a fixed monetary amount. The Company recognizes compensation cost for an award with only service condition that has a graded vesting schedule on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award, provided that the cumulative amount of compensation cost recognized at any date at least equals the portion of the grant date value of such award that is vested at that date. The Group has elected to recognize the effect of forfeitures in compensation cost as they occur. To the extent the required vesting conditions are not met resulting in the forfeiture of the share-based awards, previously recognized compensation expense relating to those awards is reversed. |
Employee benefits | (y) Employee Benefits The Company’s subsidiaries and the VIEs in the PRC participate in a government mandated, multiemployer, defined contribution plan, pursuant to which certain retirement, medical, housing and other welfare benefits are provided to employees. PRC labor laws require the entities incorporated in the PRC to pay to the local labor bureau a monthly contribution calculated on the monthly basic compensation of qualified employees at a stated contribution rate of 25.5%. The Group has no further commitments beyond its monthly contribution. Employees in the United States are eligible to participate in one or more of savings plans that provide for periodic contributions by the Group based on plan-specific criteria, such as base pay, level and employee contributions. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, the costs and expenses of the obligations to the defined contribution plans amounted to $1,695 thousand, $2,610 thousand and $3,711 thousand, respectively. |
Income taxes | (z) Income Taxes The Group accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Current income taxes are provided on the basis of income before income taxes for financial reporting purposes, and adjusted for income and expense items which are not assessable or deductible for income tax purposes, in accordance with the regulations of the relevant tax jurisdictions. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax laws and rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the amount of deferred income tax assets if based on the weight of available evidence, it is more- likely-than-not that some portion, or all, of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. This assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of futures profitability, the duration of statutory carryforward periods, the Group’s experience with operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, if any, not expiring. The Group applies a “more-likely-than-not” recognition threshold in the evaluation of uncertain tax positions. The Group recognizes the benefit of a tax position in its consolidated financial statements if the tax position is “more-likely-than-not” to prevail based on the facts and technical merits of the position. Tax positions that meet the “more-likely-than-not” recognition threshold are measured at the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon settlement. Unrecognized tax benefits may be affected by changes in interpretation of laws, rulings of tax authorities, tax audits, and expiry of statutory limitations. In addition, changes in facts, circumstances and new information may require the Group to adjust the recognition and measurement estimates with regard to individual tax positions. Accordingly, unrecognized tax benefits are periodically reviewed and re-assessed. Adjustments, if required, are recorded in the Group’s consolidated financial statements in the period in which the change that necessities the adjustments occur. The ultimate outcome for a particular tax position may not be determined with certainty prior to the conclusion of a tax audit and, in certain circumstances, a tax appeal or litigation process. The Group records interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits (if any) in income tax expense on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. |
Concentration and risk | (aa) Concentration and Risk Concentration of customers and suppliers No customers individually represented greater than 10.0% of total revenues of the Group for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023. Three customers individually represented greater than 10.0% of total accounts receivable balance of the Group as of December 31, 2022 and one customer individually represented greater than 10.0% of total accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2023. December 31, 2022 December 31, 2023 proportion of total accounts proportion of total accounts Customer A 28.3 % 30.2 % Customer B 14.5 % * Customer C 10.1 % * * Less than 10.0% of total accounts receivable balance as of the year end. During 2023, one service provider individually represented 23.4% of total purchase, and no other vendor accounted for 10% or more of total purchases. Concentration of credit risk Financial instruments that potentially expose the Group to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, restricted cash, accounts receivable, and amounts due from third-party payment platforms. The Group’s investment policy requires cash and restricted cash to be placed with high quality financial institutions and to limit the amount of credit risk from any one institution. The Group regularly evaluates the credit standing of the counterparties or financial institutions. Accounts receivable (Note 4), derived from product sales and provision of services on the Group’s GigaCloud Marketplace, as well as amounts due from third-party payment platforms (Note 6) derived from payment from individual customers collected by third-party payment platforms on behalf of the Group, are exposed to credit risk. The assessment of the counter parties’ creditworthiness is primarily based on past history of making payments when due and current ability to pay, taking into account information specific to the counter parties as well as pertaining to the economic environment in which the counter parties operate. Based on this analysis, the Group determines what credit terms, if any, to offer to each counter party individually. If the assessment indicates a likelihood of collection risk, the Group will not deliver the services or sell the products to or through the counter parties or require the counter parties to pay cash in time to secure payment. Interest rate risk The Group’s borrowings bear interests at fixed rates. If the Group were to renew these borrowings, the Group might be subject to interest rate risk. Foreign currency exchange rate risk |
Earnings per share | (ab) Earnings per Share Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to ordinary shareholders, considering the accretions to redemption value of the preferred shares, by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year using the two-class method. Under the two-class method, any net income is allocated between ordinary shares and other participating securities based on their participating rights. A net loss is not allocated to participating securities when the participating securities do not have contractual obligations to share losses. The Company’s preferred shares are participating securities as they participate in undistributed earnings on an as-converted basis. The preferred shares do not have a contractual obligation to fund or otherwise absorb the Group’s losses. Accordingly, any undistributed net income is allocated on a pro rata basis to the ordinary shares and preferred shares; whereas any undistributed net loss is allocated to ordinary shares only. |
Fair value measurements | (ac) Fair Value Measurements The Group utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. The Group determines fair value based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market. The carrying amounts for the Group’s cash, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. When considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the following fair value hierarchy distinguishes between observable and unobservable inputs, which are categorized in one of the following levels: • Level 1 Inputs: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. • Level 2 Inputs: Other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full-term of the asset or liability. • Level 3 Inputs: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at measurement date. Certain non-financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, including property and equipment and intangible assets acquired in a business combination as well as goodwill recognized. These assets are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances, such as when there is evidence of an impairment or when an asset or disposal group is classified as held for sale. In accounting for business acquisitions, the Group allocates the fair value of purchase consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. Estimating the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires judgment, especially with respect to identified intangible assets as there may be limited or no observable transactions within the market, requiring us to develop internal models to estimate fair value. For example, estimating the fair value of identified intangible assets may require us to develop valuation assumptions, including but not limited to, future expected cash flows from these assets, synergies and the cost of capital. Certain inputs require us to determine assumptions that are reflective of a market participant view of fair value. Changes in any of these assumptions may materially impact the amount the Group recognize for identifiable assets and liabilities, in addition to the residual amount allocated to goodwill. |
Segment reporting | (ad) Segment Reporting The Group’s chief operating decision maker has been identified as the chief executive officer, who reviews consolidated results when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Group. For the purpose of internal reporting and management’s operation review, the Group’s chief executive officer and management personnel do not segregate the Group’s business by revenue stream or geography. Management has determined that the Group has one operating segment. Long-lived assets consist of property and equipment and operating lease right-of-use assets. The geographic information for long-lived assets as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 is as follows: December 31, 2022 2023 (In thousands) The United States $ 144,504 $ 400,554 Others 12,717 22,982 Total long-lived assets $ 157,221 $ 423,536 Revenues reported are attributed to geographic areas based on locations of the Company’s warehouses, except for platform commission revenues which are attributed to Hong Kong, where the server of GigaCloud Marketplace is located. Revenue by geography for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 is as follows: Year ended December 31, Revenues by geographic region: 2021 2022 2023 (In thousands) Service revenues $ 98,332 $ 140,628 $ 199,184 Platform commission 4,814 6,872 11,187 Hong Kong 4,814 6,872 11,187 Ocean transportation service 36,257 37,957 19,703 United States 35,754 37,684 19,610 Others (1) 503 273 93 Warehousing service 10,498 16,242 24,423 United States 7,865 14,569 23,601 Others (1) 2,633 1,673 822 Last-mile delivery service 33,693 62,745 105,978 United States 31,421 60,632 101,285 Others (1) 2,272 2,113 4,693 Packaging service 5,498 7,735 17,296 United States 4,723 7,101 16,070 Others (1) 775 634 1,226 Others 7,572 9,077 20,597 United States 4,257 8,933 19,863 Others 3,315 144 734 Product revenues $ 315,865 $ 349,443 $ 504,647 United States 243,132 269,599 373,837 Japan 44,881 40,082 44,348 Germany 9,510 21,133 71,163 Others (1) 18,342 18,629 15,299 Total revenues $ 414,197 $ 490,071 $ 703,831 |
Statutory reserves | (ae) Statutory Reserves In accordance with the PRC Company Laws, the paid-in capitals of the PRC subsidiaries and VIEs are not allowed to be transferred to the Company by way of cash dividends, loans or advances, nor can they be distributed except in the event of a liquidation. In addition, in accordance with the PRC Company Laws, the Group’s PRC subsidiaries and VIEs must make appropriations from their after-tax profits as determined under the generally accepted accounting principles in the PRC (‘‘PRC GAAP’’) to non-distributable reserve funds including statutory surplus fund and discretionary surplus fund. The appropriation to the statutory surplus fund must be 10% of the after-tax profits after offsetting any prior year losses as determined under PRC GAAP. Appropriation is not required if the statutory surplus fund has reached 50% of the registered capital of the PRC companies. Appropriation to the discretionary surplus fund is made at the discretion of the PRC companies. The statutory surplus fund and discretionary surplus fund are restricted for use. They may only be applied to offset losses or increase the registered capital of the respective companies. These reserves are not allowed to be transferred to the Group by way of cash dividends, loans or advances, nor can they be distributed except in the event of a liquidation. |
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements | (af) Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance within ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-11 and ASU 2020-02, collectively referred to as “ASC 326”. ASC 326 requires a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s) to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. ASC 326 eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold in current GAAP and, instead, reflects an entity’s current estimate of all expected credit losses. The adoption of this standard resulted in a change of the Group’s provision policy primarily for accounts receivable. The Group adopted this ASC 326 on January 1, 2023 with no material impact on the consolidated financial statements . In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. Under ASU 2021-08, an acquirer must recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606 as if it had originated the contracts. Prior to this ASU, an acquirer generally recognized contract assets acquired and contract liabilities assumed that arose from contracts with customers at fair value on the acquisition date. The Group adopted this ASU on January 1, 2023 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements. (ag) Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, to update reportable segment disclosure requirements. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendment should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Group is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, amending existing income tax disclosure guidance, primarily requiring more detailed disclosure for income taxes paid and the effective tax rate reconciliation. For public business entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. For entities other than public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption permitted and can be applied on either a prospective or retroactive basis. The Group is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. |