The CAISO market serves customers primarily in California. CAISO features day-ahead and real-time energy markets and ancillary service markets. While CAISO does not operate a formal capacity market, it does have a mandatory resource adequacy requirement.
The ISO-NE market covers the six states of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont. It offers day-ahead and real time energy markets, ancillary service products and a forward capacity market.
MISO is an RTO that covers all or parts of 15 states: Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin, as well as the Canadian province of Manitoba. MISO operates day-ahead and real time energy markets and ancillary service markets. Capacity requirements are addressed through bilateral transactions or a voluntary annual auction that MISO administers.
SPP has members in 14 states: Arkansas, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas and Wyoming. It also provides contract reliability coordination services in Arizona, Colorado and Utah. SPP operates day-ahead and real-time energy markets and transmission service markets.
AESO provides the function of Independent System Operator in Alberta, Canada, where we own one generation asset. It is currently an energy-only model and does not operate a capacity market. AESO also operates a separate ancillary services market where resources provide specific services that help maintain grid reliability.
Customer Markets
Our integrated business also consists of the physical delivery and marketing of power and natural gas across multiple geographical regions through Constellation, our customer-facing business. Constellation serves power and natural gas across all competitive markets, reaching approximately 2Β million customers, including three-fourths of the Fortune 100, approximately 216,500 business and public sector customers, and about 1.6Β million unique residential customers. Constellation also has a vibrant non-commodity element of its customer facing business, providing sustainability, efficiency and technology solutions to provide a comprehensive suite of energy solutions to meet customersβ growing and evolving needs.
Summary of Risk Factors
An investment in the Companyβs common stock is subject to a number of risks, including market, financial, regulatory and operational risks related to our business, our separation from Exelon, and our common stock. Set forth below are some, but not all, of these risks.
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Risks related to market and financial factors primarily include:
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the price of fuels, in particular the price of natural gas, which affects power prices,
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the generation resources in the markets in which we operate,
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our ability to operate our generating assets, our ability to access capital markets, and the impacts on our results of operations due to the global outbreak (pandemic) of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19),
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the impacts of on-going competition, and
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emerging technologies and business models, including those related to climate change mitigation and transition to a low carbon economy.
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Risks related to regulatory, legislative and legal factors primarily include changes to, and compliance with, the laws and regulations that govern:
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the design of power markets,
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the renewal of permits and operating licenses,
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environmental and climate policy, including zero emission credit programs, and
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