Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 5 . Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses Loans receivable at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are summarized as follows: June 30, December 31, 2022 2021 (in thousands) Mortgage loans: 1-4 Family residential Investor-Owned $ 321,671 $ 317,304 Owner-Occupied 100,048 96,947 Multifamily residential 396,470 348,300 Nonresidential properties 279,877 239,691 Construction and land 165,425 134,651 Total mortgage loans 1,263,491 1,136,893 Nonmortgage loans: Business loans (1) 45,720 150,512 Consumer loans (2) 30,198 34,693 Total non-mortgage loans 75,918 185,205 Total loans, gross 1,339,409 1,322,098 Net deferred loan origination costs 2,446 (668 ) Allowance for loan losses (17,535 ) (16,352 ) Loans receivable, net $ 1,324,320 $ 1,305,078 (1) As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, business loans include $30.8 million and $136.8 million, respectively, of SBA Paycheck Protection (2) As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, consumer loans include $28.3 million and $33.9 million, respectively, of microloans originated by the Bank through a mobile application of Grain Technologies, LLC (“Grain”) that is geared to the underbanked and new generations entering the financial services market and uses non-traditional underwriting methodologies The Company’s lending activities are conducted principally in metropolitan New York City. The Company primarily grants loans secured by real estate to individuals and businesses pursuant to an established credit policy applicable to each type of lending activity in which it engages. Although collateral provides assurance as a secondary source of repayment, the Company ordinarily requires the primary source of repayment to be based on the borrowers’ ability to generate continuing cash flows. The Company also evaluates the collateral and creditworthiness of each customer. The credit policy provides that depending on the borrowers’ creditworthiness and type of collateral, credit may be extended up to predetermined percentages of the market value of the collateral or on an unsecured basis. Real estate is the primary form of collateral. Other important forms of collateral are time deposits and marketable securities. For disclosures related to the allowance for loan losses and credit quality, the Company does not have any disaggregated classes of loans below the segment level. Credit-Quality Indicators The objectives of the Company’s risk-rating system are to provide the Board of Directors and senior management with an objective assessment of the overall quality of the loan portfolio, to promptly and accurately identify loans with well-defined credit weaknesses so that timely action can be taken to minimize credit loss, to identify relevant trends affecting the collectability of the loan portfolio, to isolate potential problem areas and to provide essential information for determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Note 5. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) Below are the definitions of the internally assigned risk ratings: • Strong Pass – Loans to a new or existing borrower collateralized at least 90 percent by an unimpaired deposit account at the Company. • Good Pass – Loans to a new or existing borrower in a well-established enterprise in excellent financial condition with strong liquidity and a history of consistently high level of earnings, cash flow and debt service capacity. • Satisfactory Pass – Loans to a new or existing borrower of average strength with acceptable financial condition, satisfactory record of earnings and sufficient historical and projected cash flow to service the debt. • Performance Pass – Existing loans that evidence strong payment history but document less than average strength, financial condition, record of earnings, or projected cash flows with which to service the debt. • Special Mention – Loans in this category are currently protected but show one or more potential weaknesses and risks which may inadequately protect collectability or borrower’s ability to meet repayment terms at some future date if the weakness or weaknesses are not monitored or remediated. • Substandard – Loans that are inadequately protected by the repayment capacity of the borrower or the current sound net worth of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans in this category have well defined weaknesses and risks that jeopardize the repayment. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that some loss may be sustained if the deficiencies are not remediated. • Doubtful – Loans that have all the weaknesses of loans classified as “Substandard” with the added characteristics that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loans within the top four categories above are considered pass rated, as commonly defined. Risk ratings are assigned as necessary to differentiate risk within the portfolio. Risk ratings are reviewed on an ongoing basis and revised to reflect changes in the borrowers’ financial condition and outlook, debt service coverage capability, repayment performance, collateral value and coverage as well as other considerations. The following tables present credit risk ratings by loan segment as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021: June 30, 2022 Mortgage Loans Nonmortgage Loans Construction Total 1-4 Family Multifamily Nonresidential and Land Business Consumer Loans (in thousands) Risk Rating: Pass $ 406,439 $ 391,632 $ 277,623 $ 154,608 $ 45,720 $ 30,198 $ 1,306,220 Special mention 5,676 4,150 — — — — 9,826 Substandard 9,604 688 2,254 10,817 — — 23,363 Total $ 421,719 $ 396,470 $ 279,877 $ 165,425 $ 45,720 $ 30,198 $ 1,339,409 December 31, 2021 Mortgage Loans Nonmortgage Loans Construction Total 1-4 Family Multifamily Nonresidential and Land Business Consumer Loans (in thousands) Risk Rating: Pass $ 402,276 $ 339,047 $ 237,371 $ 127,084 $ 150,512 $ 34,693 $ 1,290,983 Special mention 1,820 5,328 — 6,650 — — 13,798 Substandard 10,155 3,925 2,320 917 — — 17,317 Total $ 414,251 $ 348,300 $ 239,691 $ 134,651 $ 150,512 $ 34,693 $ 1,322,098 Note 5. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) An aging analysis of loans, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, is as follows: June 30, 2022 30-59 60-89 90 Days 90 Days Days Days or More Nonaccrual or More Current Past Due Past Due Past Due Total Loans Accruing (in thousands) Mortgage loans: 1-4 Family residential Investor-Owned $ 320,159 $ — $ 966 $ 546 $ 321,671 $ 3,684 $ — Owner-Occupied 98,037 — 463 1,548 100,048 2,886 — Multifamily residential 396,470 — — — 396,470 — — Nonresidential properties 279,877 — — — 279,877 1,257 — Construction and land 154,608 — — 10,817 165,425 10,818 — Nonmortgage loans: Business 45,720 — — — 45,720 — — Consumer 26,599 2,110 1,489 — 30,198 — — Total $ 1,321,470 $ 2,110 $ 2,918 $ 12,911 $ 1,339,409 $ 18,645 $ — December 31, 2021 30-59 60-89 90 Days 90 Days Days Days or More Nonaccrual or More Current Past Due Past Due Past Due Total Loans Accruing (in thousands) Mortgage loans: 1-4 Family residential Investor-Owned $ 312,918 $ 321 $ 2,969 $ 1,096 $ 317,304 $ 3,583 $ — Owner-Occupied 91,568 2,961 471 1,947 96,947 3,480 — Multifamily residential 346,409 1,704 187 — 348,300 1,200 — Nonresidential properties 237,589 934 1,168 — 239,691 2,262 — Construction and land 134,651 — — — 134,651 917 — Nonmortgage loans: Business 145,919 4,036 544 13 150,512 — — Consumer 30,359 2,570 1,759 5 34,693 — — Total $ 1,299,413 $ 12,526 $ 7,098 $ 3,061 $ 1,322,098 $ 11,442 $ — Note 5. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) The following schedules detail the composition of the allowance for loan losses and the related recorded investment in loans as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021: For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Mortgage Loans Nonmortgage Loans Total 1-4 Family Investor Owned 1-4 Family Owner Occupied Multifamily Nonresidential Construction and Land Business Consumer For the Period (in thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning of period $ 3,540 $ 1,178 $ 5,684 $ 2,165 $ 2,024 $ 306 $ 1,455 $ 16,352 Provision charged to expense (89 ) 55 690 328 238 (296 ) 1,149 2,075 Losses charged-off — — — — — — (1,201 ) (1,201 ) Recoveries 156 — — — — 93 60 309 Balance, end of period $ 3,607 $ 1,233 $ 6,374 $ 2,493 $ 2,262 $ 103 $ 1,463 $ 17,535 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 85 $ 97 $ — $ 41 $ — $ — $ — $ 223 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 3,522 1,136 6,374 2,452 2,262 103 1,463 17,312 Total $ 3,607 $ 1,233 $ 6,374 $ 2,493 $ 2,262 $ 103 $ 1,463 $ 17,535 Loans: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 5,930 $ 4,905 $ — $ 1,982 $ 10,817 $ — $ — $ 23,634 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 315,741 95,143 396,470 277,895 154,608 45,720 30,198 1,315,775 Total $ 321,671 $ 100,048 $ 396,470 $ 279,877 $ 165,425 $ 45,720 $ 30,198 $ 1,339,409 For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Mortgage Loans Nonmortgage Loans Total 1-4 Family Investor Owned 1-4 Family Owner Occupied Multifamily Nonresidential Construction and Land Business Consumer For the Period (in thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning of period $ 3,581 $ 1,172 $ 5,988 $ 2,269 $ 2,017 $ 363 $ 1,503 $ 16,893 Provision charged to expense (130 ) 61 386 224 245 (351 ) 382 817 Losses charged-off — — — — — — (450 ) (450 ) Recoveries 156 — — — — 91 28 275 Balance, end of period $ 3,607 $ 1,233 $ 6,374 $ 2,493 $ 2,262 $ 103 $ 1,463 $ 17,535 Note 5. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Mortgage Loans Nonmortgage Loans Total 1-4 Family Investor Owned 1-4 Family Owner Occupied Multifamily Nonresidential Construction and Land Business Consumer For the Period (in thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning of period $ 3,850 $ 1,260 $ 5,214 $ 2,194 $ 1,820 $ 254 $ 278 $ 14,870 Provision charged to expense (15 ) (51 ) 179 (95 ) 136 88 1,030 1,272 Losses charged-off — — — — — — (272 ) (272 ) Recoveries — — — — — 5 — 5 Balance, end of period $ 3,835 $ 1,209 $ 5,393 $ 2,099 $ 1,956 $ 347 $ 1,036 $ 15,875 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 115 $ 116 $ — $ 50 $ — $ — $ 146 $ 427 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 3,720 1,093 5,393 2,049 1,956 347 890 15,448 Total $ 3,835 $ 1,209 $ 5,393 $ 2,099 $ 1,956 $ 347 $ 1,036 $ 15,875 Loans: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 5,572 $ 6,224 $ 955 $ 2,822 $ — $ — $ 146 $ 15,719 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 319,837 92,615 317,624 208,359 125,265 253,935 32,430 1,350,065 Total $ 325,409 $ 98,839 $ 318,579 $ 211,181 $ 125,265 $ 253,935 $ 32,576 $ 1,365,784 For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Mortgage Loans Nonmortgage Loans Total 1-4 Family Investor Owned 1-4 Family Owner Occupied Multifamily Nonresidential Construction and Land Business Consumer For the Period (in thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning of period $ 3,844 $ 1,274 $ 5,440 $ 2,184 $ 1,927 $ 246 $ 593 $ 15,508 Provision charged to expense (9 ) (65 ) (47 ) (85 ) 29 98 665 586 Losses charged-off — — — — — — (222 ) (222 ) Recoveries — — — — — 3 — 3 Balance, end of period $ 3,835 $ 1,209 $ 5,393 $ 2,099 $ 1,956 $ 347 $ 1,036 $ 15,875 Note 5. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 Mortgage Loans Nonmortgage Loans Total 1-4 Family Investor Owned 1-4 Family Owner Occupied Multifamily Nonresidential Construction and Land Business Consumer For the Period (in thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning of year $ 3,850 $ 1,260 $ 5,214 $ 2,194 $ 1,820 $ 254 $ 278 $ 14,870 Provision charged to expense (318 ) (127 ) 508 (29 ) 204 (32 ) 2,511 2,717 Losses charged-off — — (38 ) — — — (1,342 ) (1,380 ) Recoveries 8 45 — — — 84 8 145 Balance, end of year $ 3,540 $ 1,178 $ 5,684 $ 2,165 $ 2,024 $ 306 $ 1,455 $ 16,352 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 91 $ 114 $ — $ 38 $ — $ — $ — $ 243 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 3,449 1,064 5,684 2,127 2,024 306 1,455 16,109 Total $ 3,540 $ 1,178 $ 5,684 $ 2,165 $ 2,024 $ 306 $ 1,455 $ 16,352 Loans: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 6,672 $ 5,854 $ 1,200 $ 2,995 $ 917 $ 13 $ — $ 17,651 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 310,632 91,093 347,100 236,696 133,734 150,499 34,693 1,304,447 Total $ 317,304 $ 96,947 $ 348,300 $ 239,691 $ 134,651 $ 150,512 $ 34,693 $ 1,322,098 Loans are considered impaired when current information and events indicate all amounts due may not be collectable according to the contractual terms of the related loan agreements. Impaired loans, including troubled debt restructurings, are identified by applying normal loan review procedures in accordance with the allowance for loan losses methodology. Management periodically assesses loans to determine whether impairment exists. Any loan that is, or will potentially be, no longer performing in accordance with the terms of the original loan contract is evaluated to determine impairment. Note 5 . Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) The following information relates to impaired loans as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021: Unpaid Contractual Recorded Investment Recorded Investment Total Average Interest Income Principal With No With Recorded Related Recorded Recognized As of and For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Balance Allowance Allowance Investment Allowance Investment on a Cash Basis (in thousands) Mortgage loans: 1-4 Family residential $ 11,136 $ 8,264 $ 2,571 $ 10,835 $ 182 $ 11,572 $ 146 Multifamily residential — — — — — 946 — Nonresidential properties 2,007 1,626 356 1,982 41 2,865 44 Construction and land 10,817 10,817 — 10,817 — 3,371 55 Nonmortgage loans: Business — — — — — 4 — Consumer — — — — 24 — Total $ 23,960 $ 20,707 $ 2,927 $ 23,634 $ 223 $ 18,782 $ 245 Unpaid Contractual Recorded Investment Recorded Investment Total Average Interest Income Principal With No With Recorded Related Recorded Recognized As of and For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Balance Allowance Allowance Investment Allowance Investment on a Cash Basis (in thousands) Mortgage loans: 1-4 Family residential $ 12,640 $ 9,553 $ 2,243 $ 11,796 $ 231 $ 12,200 $ 120 Multifamily residential 945 955 — 955 — 611 — Nonresidential properties 3,275 2,446 376 2,822 50 4,897 15 Construction and land — — — — — — — Nonmortgage loans: Business — — — — — — — Consumer 146 — 146 146 146 24 — Total $ 17,006 $ 12,954 $ 2,765 $ 15,719 $ 427 $ 17,732 $ 135 Unpaid Contractual Recorded Investment Recorded Investment Total Average Interest Income Principal With No With Recorded Related Recorded Recognized As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2021 Balance Allowance Allowance Investment Allowance Investment on a Cash Basis (in thousands) Mortgage loans: 1-4 Family residential $ 13,333 $ 10,535 $ 1,991 $ 12,526 $ 205 $ 12,145 $ 189 Multifamily residential 1,200 1,200 — 1,200 — 1,139 63 Nonresidential properties 3,494 2,637 358 2,995 38 3,941 38 Construction and land 917 917 — 917 — 307 17 Nonmortgage loans: Business 13 13 — 13 — 13 — Consumer — — — — — 24 — Total $ 18,957 $ 15,302 $ 2,349 $ 17,651 $ 243 $ 17,569 $ 307 Note 5 . Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) The loan portfolio also includes certain loans that have been modified to troubled debt restructurings. Under applicable standards, loans are modified to troubled debt restructurings when a creditor, for economic or legal reasons related to a debtor’s financial condition, grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider, unless it results in a delay in payment that is insignificant. These concessions could include a reduction of interest rate on the loan, payment and maturity extensions, forbearance, or other actions intended to maximize collections. When a loan is modified to a troubled debt restructuring, management evaluates for any possible impairment using either the discounted cash flows method, where the value of the modified loan is based on the present value of expected cash flows, discounted at the contractual interest rate of the original loan agreement, or by using the fair value of the collateral less selling costs if repayment under the modified terms becomes doubtful. If management determines that the value of the modified loan in a troubled debt restructuring is less than the recorded investment in the loan, impairment is recognized through a specific allowance estimate or charge-off against the allowance for loan losses. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, and for the year ended December 31, 2021, there were no loans restructured as a troubled debt restructuring. At June 30, 2022, there were 25 troubled debt restructured loans totaling $7.1 million of which $5.0 million are on accrual status. At December 31, 2021, there were 30 troubled debt restructured loans totaling $8.7 million of which $6.2 million are on accrual status. There were no commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring. The financial impact from the concessions made represents specific impairment reserves on these loans, which aggregated to $223,000 and $243,000 at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Mortgage Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value At June 30, 2022 and at December 31, 2021, 17 loans and 27 loans related to Mortgage World in the amount of $9.2 million and $15.5 million, respectively, were held for sale and accounted for under the fair value option accounting guidance for financial assets and financial liabilities. Write-off and write-down of Microloans In 2020, the Company entered in a business arrangement with the FinTech startup company Grain. Grain’s product is a mobile application geared to the underbanked, minorities and new generations entering the financial services market. In employing this mobile application, the Bank uses non-traditional underwriting methodologies to provide revolving credit to borrowers who otherwise may gravitate to using alternative non-bank lenders. Under the terms of its agreement with Grain, the Bank is the lender for Grain-originated microloans with credit lines currently up to $1,000 and, where applicable, the depository for related security deposits. Grain originates and services these microloans and is responsible for maintaining compliance with the Bank's origination and servicing standards, as well as applicable regulatory and legal requirements. If a microloan is found to be fraudulent, becomes 120 days delinquent upon 120 days of origination or defaults due to a failure of Grain to properly service the microloan, the Bank’s applicable standards for origination or servicing are deemed to have not been complied with and the microloan is put back to Grain, who then becomes responsible for the microloan and any related losses. The microloans put back to Grain are accounted for as an “other asset,” specifically referred to herein as the “Grain Receivable.” The Bank, pursuant to its agreement with Grain, at December 31, 2021, had 59,180 microloans outstanding, net of put backs, with credit extensions aggregating $33.9 million. Of these microloans, the Bank estimates that 80 percent have been made in low- and low-to-moderate income census tracts with an estimated 56 percent made to minority borrowers. At June 30, 2022, the Bank had 43,073 microloans outstanding, net of put backs, with an aggregate balance totaling $28.3 million and which were performing, in management’s opinion, comparably to similar portfolios, offset by a $1.4 million allowance for loan losses, resulting in $26.9 million in microloans, net of allowance for loan losses. Since the beginning of the Bank’s agreement with Grain and through June 30, 2022, 29,592 microloans amounting to $20.4 million have been deemed to be fraudulent and put back to Grain. The Company has written-down a total of $9.6 million of the Grain Receivable for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and received $6.0 million in cash from Grain and through the application of security deposits connected to fraudulent loan accounts. The Bank also opted to use the $1.8 million grant it received from the U.S. Treasury Department’s Rapid Response Program to defray the Grain Receivable. The application of those amounts resulted in a net receivable of $3.0 million. As of June 30, 2022, the Company’s total exposure to Grain was $30.9 million as a result of the $3.0 million of net receivable, $26.9 million of the remaining microloans, net of allowance for loan losses and an equity investment in Grain by the Company of $1.0 million. Note 5. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) The $1.5 million and $9.6 million write-off and write-down is included in non-interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. |