Roth CH Acquisition V 10Q 2024 Q3 Quarterly report

Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 001-41105

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		86-1229207
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

888 San Clemente Drive, Suite 400

Newport Beach, CA 92660

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(949) 720-5700

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	ROCL	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Warrants	ROCLW	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Units	ROCLU	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☒ No ☐

As of November 19, 2024, there were 4,919,297 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, issued and outstanding.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements		1
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2023 (Unaudited)		1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023(Unaudited)		2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)		3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)		4
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)		5
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		23
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		32
Item 4. Controls and Procedures		33
Part II. Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings		34
Item 1A. Risk Factors		34
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		34
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities		34
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures		34
Item 5. Other Information		34
Item 6. Exhibits		35
Signatures		36

Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash	$	6,620	$	200,059
Prepaid expenses		25,490		62,174
Cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account		17,928,070		16,978,160
Total Current Assets		17,960,180		17,240,393
Total Assets	$	17,960,180	$	17,240,393

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	2,113,329	$	1,099,863
Promissory note – related party		1,287,944		416,841
Excise taxes payable		1,029,003		1,029,003
Income taxes payable		14,323		142,500
Total Current Liabilities		4,444,599		2,688,207

Commitments and Contingencies
Common stock subject to possible redemption, $0.0001 par value; 1,582,797 shares at $11.22 per share and $10.71 per share redemption value as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		17,751,247		16,949,887

Stockholders’ Deficit
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 3,336,500 shares issued and outstanding (excluding 1,582,797 shares subject to possible redemption) as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		334		334
Additional paid-in capital		—		—
Accumulated deficit		(4,236,000)		(2,398,035)
Total Stockholders’ Deficit		(4,235,666)		(2,397,701)
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT	$	17,960,180	$	17,240,393

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
General and administrative expenses	$	368,098	$	908,357	$	1,540,761	$	1,293,488
Loss from operations		(368,098)		(908,357)		(1,540,761)		(1,293,488)

Other income (expense)
Interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account		229,375		343,491		677,062		2,641,366
Interest income - other		2,274		—		2,274		—
Finance costs for non-redemption agreements		—		8,811		—		(471,189)
Interest and penalties		—		—		(463)		—
Total other income, net		231,649		352,302		678,873		2,170,177

(Loss) income before provision for income taxes		(136,449)		(556,055)		(861,888)		876,689
Provision for income taxes		(59,527)		(90,037)		(174,717)		(719,832)
Net (loss) income	$	(195,976)	$	(646,092)	$	(1,036,605)	$	156,857

Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, common stock subject to possible redemption		1,582,797		2,510,512		1,582,797		7,482,720
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share, common stock subject to possible redemption	$	0.06	$	(0.07)	$	0.13	$	0.13

Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, non-redeemable common stock		3,336,500		3,336,500		3,336,500		3,336,500
Basic and diluted net loss per share, non-redeemable common stock	$	(0.09)	$	(0.14)	$	(0.37)	$	(0.24)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

(UNAUDITED)

FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024


				Additional				Total
	Common Stock			Paid-in		Accumulated		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Deficit
Balance – January 1, 2024	3,336,500	$	334	$	—	$	(2,398,035)	$	(2,397,701)

Accretion of carrying value to redemption value	—		—		—		(319,636)		(319,636)

Net loss	—		—		—		(121,197)		(121,197)

Balance – March 31, 2024	3,336,500	$	334	$	—	$	(2,838,868)	$	(2,838,534)

Accretion of carrying value to redemption value	—		—		—		(257,115)		(257,115)

Net loss	—		—		—		(719,432)		(719,432)

Balance – June 30, 2024	3,336,500	$	334	$	—	$	(3,815,415)	$	(3,815,081)

Accretion of carrying value to redemption value	—		—		—		(224,609)		(224,609)

Net loss	—		—		—		(195,976)		(195,976)

Balance – September 30, 2024	3,336,500	$	334	$	—	$	(4,236,000)	$	(4,235,666)

FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023


				Additional				Total
	Common Stock			Paid-in		Accumulated		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		(Deficit) Equity
Balance — January 1, 2023	3,336,500	$	334	$	205,072	$	554,471	$	759,877

Accretion of carrying value to redemption value	—		—		(205,072)		(669,501)		(874,573)

Net income	—		—		—		708,556		708,556

Balance — March 31, 2023	3,336,500		334		—		593,526		593,860

Accretion of carrying value to redemption value	—		—		—		(729,454)		(729,454)

Excise taxes on stock redemption	—		—		—		(930,108)		(930,108)

Net income	—		—		—		94,393		94,393

Balance — June 30, 2023	3,336,500		334		—		(971,643)		(971,309)

Accretion of carrying value to redemption value	—		—		—		(188,932)		(188,932)

Net loss	—		—		—		(646,092)		(646,092)

Balance — September 30, 2023	3,336,500	$	334	$	—	$	(1,806,667)	$	(1,806,333)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net (loss) income	$	(1,036,605)	$	156,857
Adjustment to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash used in operating activities:
Interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account		(677,062)		(2,641,366)
Interest income - other		(2,274)		—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses		36,684		73,484
Accrued expenses		1,013,466		508,696
Due to Non-redeeming Stockholders		—		471,189
Income taxes payable		(125,903)		(369,538)
Net cash used in operating activities		(791,694)		(1,800,678)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Cash withdrawn from Trust Account to pay franchise and income taxes		132,152		1,296,148
Investment of cash into Trust Account		(405,000)		—
Cash withdrawn from Trust Account in connection with redemption		—		93,010,772
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities		(272,848)		94,306,920

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Payments to Non-redeeming Stockholders		—		(320,000)
Proceeds from promissory note - related party		871,103		250,000
Redemption of common stock		—		(93,010,772)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		871,103		(93,080,772)

Net Change in Cash		(193,439)		(574,530)
Cash – Beginning of period		200,059		687,471
Cash – End of period	$	6,620	$	112,941

Non-cash financing activities:
Change in value of common stock subject to possible redemption	$	801,360	$	1,792,959
Excise taxes on stock redemption	$	—	$	930,108

Supplemental information
Income taxes paid	$	440,973	$	1,089,370

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS

Roth CH Acquisition V Co. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware on November 5, 2020. The Company is a blank check company formed for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities (the “Business Combination”).

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activity through September 30, 2024 related to the Company’s formation and the initial public offering (“Initial Public Offering”), which is described below, and, subsequent to the Initial Public Offering, identifying a target company for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account (as defined below).

The registration statement for the Company’s Initial Public Offering was declared effective on November 30, 2021. On December 3, 2021, the Company consummated the Initial Public Offering of 11,500,000 units (the “Units” and, with respect to the shares of common stock included in the Units sold, the “Public Shares”), which included the full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option in the amount of 1,500,000 Units, at $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $115,000,000, which is described in Note 3.

Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company consummated the sale of 461,500 units (the “Private Units”) at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit in a private placement to certain of the Company’s initial stockholders, generating gross proceeds of $4,615,000, which is described in Note 4.

Transaction costs amounted to $1,625,220, consisting of $1,150,000 of underwriting fees, and $475,220 of other offering costs.

Following the closing of the Initial Public Offering on December 3, 2021, an amount of $116,725,000 ($10.15 per Unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Units was placed in a trust account (the “Trust Account”), located in the United States and held in cash items or invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), with a maturity of 185 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund selected by the Company meeting the conditions of Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) the distribution of the proceeds from the Trust Account, as described below.

The Company’s management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Units, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be applied generally toward consummating a Business Combination. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to complete a Business Combination successfully. The Company must complete a Business Combination having an aggregate fair market value of at least 80% of the assets held in the Trust Account (excluding taxes payable on income earned on the Trust Account) at the time of the agreement to enter into an initial Business Combination. The Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.

The Company will provide its holders of the outstanding Public Shares (the “public stockholders”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The public stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then in the Trust Account (initially $10.15 per Public Share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its tax obligations). There will be no redemption rights upon the completion of a Business Combination with respect to the Company’s warrants.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

The Company initially would not proceed with a Business Combination if the Company had net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 either immediately prior to or upon such consummation of a Business Combination and, if the Company seeks stockholder approval, a majority of the shares voted are voted in favor of the Business Combination. If a stockholder vote is not required by law and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation”), conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and file tender offer documents with the SEC containing substantially the same information as would be included in a proxy statement prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or legal reasons, the Company will offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the holders of the Company’s shares prior to the Initial Public Offering (the “Initial Stockholders”) have agreed (a) to vote their Founder Shares (as defined in Note 5), Private Shares (as defined in Note 4) and any Public Shares purchased during or after the Initial Public Offering in favor of approving a Business Combination and (b) not to redeem any shares in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a Business Combination or sell any shares to the Company in a tender offer in connection with a Business Combination. Additionally, each public stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares irrespective of how or whether they vote on the proposed transaction or do not vote at all. On December 1, 2023, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation which expanded the methods that the Company may employ to not become subject to the “penny stock” rules of the SEC.

The Initial Stockholders have agreed (a) to waive their redemption rights with respect to their Founder Shares, Private Shares and Public Shares held by them in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (b) not to propose an amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that would affect a public stockholders’ ability to convert or sell their shares to the Company in connection with a Business Combination or affect the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination, unless the Company provides the public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares in conjunction with any such amendment.

The Company will have until December 3, 2024 (unless the Company extends the period of time it has to complete an initial business combination) to complete a Business Combination (the “Combination Period”). If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay taxes and liquidation expenses, divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining stockholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law.

On May 17, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “May Special Meeting”), at which the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment (the “Extension Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to give the Company the right to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination up to six (6) times, each such extension for an additional one (1) month period, from June 3, 2023 to December 4, 2023. In connection with the May Special Meeting stockholders exercised their right to redeem 8,989,488 shares of common stock for an aggregate price of approximately $10.36 per share, for an aggregate redemption amount of $93,010,772.

On October 9, 2023, the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) notified the Company that it did not comply with Nasdaq’s minimum 400 Total Holders requirement set forth in Listing Rule 5450(a)(2) (the “Rule”). Based on Nasdaq’s further review and the materials submitted by the Company on November 24, 2023, January 5, 2024, and February 19, 2024, Nasdaq determined to grant the Company an extension of time to regain compliance with the Rule. On May 13, 2024, Nasdaq notified the Company that it did not regain compliance with the requirement during the extension period. On May 17, 2023, the Company requested a hearing before a Nasdaq Hearing Panel (the “Panel”). A hearing on this matter was held on June 27, 2024 and on July 3, 2024, Nasdaq notified the Company that

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

the Panel has determined to grant the Company’s request to continue its listing on Nasdaq subject to the condition that on or before November 11, 2024, the Company shall demonstrate compliance with the Rule.

On November 8, 2024, the Panel received a written update and request (the “Amendment Request”) from the Company to modify the terms of the Panel’s decision dated July 3, 2024, that granted an exception to the Company to continue its listing on Nasdaq subject to the satisfaction of certain milestones described in the decision.

In the Amendment Request, the Company proposed changes to its compliance plan initially presented at the hearing. Specifically, as an alternative to the completion of the business combination with New Era Helium that the Company outlined at the hearing, the Company proposed to file a phase down transfer listing application to transfer its listing from the Nasdaq Global Market to the Nasdaq Capital Market. The Company informed the Panel that upon the transfer, the Company would be positioned to evidence compliance with all continued listing requirements on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Based on the facts and information presented in the Amendment Request, the Panel granted the Company’s request for continued listing on the Exchange until November 12, 2024, subject to the requirement that on or before November 12, 2024, the Company will demonstrate compliance with all applicable requirements for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. On November 12, 2024, the Company submitted to Nasdaq documentary evidence of its compliance with all continued listing requirements on the Nasdaq Capital Market.

On November 18, 2024, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq indicating that is has regained compliance with the minimum total shareholders requirement in the Rule, as required by the Panel’s decision dated July 3, 2024, as amended. Accordingly, the Panel has determined to continue the listing of the Company’s securities on Nasdaq and is closing this matter.

On December 1, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “December Special Meeting”), at which the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to its amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Charter Amendment”), to, among other things, (i) give the Company the right to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination up to twelve (12) times, each such extension for an additional one (1) month period (each, an “Extension”), from December 4, 2023 to December 3, 2024 (i.e., for a period of time ending 36 months from the consummation of the IPO) provided that an extension amount of the lesser of $45,000 or $0.03 per public share for each one-month extension (the “Extension Payment”) is deposited into the Trust Account in connection with each Extension and (ii) expand the methods that the Company may employ to not become subject to the “penny stock” rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission. As of September 30, 2024, the Company paid an aggregate amount of $450,000 to the Trust account for each one-month extension to extend the date by which the Company must consummate its Business Combination from December 4, 2023 to October 4, 2024.

In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the December Special Meeting, stockholders exercised their right to redeem 927,715 shares of common stock for an aggregate redemption price of approximately $10.66 per share, or for an aggregate redemption amount of approximately $9,889,573.

The Initial Stockholders have agreed to waive their liquidation rights with respect to the Founder Shares and Private Shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. However, if the Initial Stockholders acquire Public Shares in or after the Initial Public Offering, such Public Shares will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the assets remaining available for distribution will be less than the per share value deposited into the Trust Account ($10.15).

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Initial Stockholders have agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below $10.15 per Public Share, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a valid and enforceable agreement with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind they may have in or to any monies held in the Trust Account and except as to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of Initial Public Offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Initial Stockholders will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims. The Company will seek to reduce the possibility that the Initial Stockholders will have to indemnify the Trust Account due to claims of creditors by endeavoring to have all vendors, service providers (except the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm), prospective target businesses or other entities with which the Company does business, execute agreements with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the Trust Account.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary. All significant balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Liquidity and Going Concern

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $6,620 in its operating bank account and a working capital deficit of $4,412,489.

Until the consummation of a Business Combination, the Company will be using the funds not held in the Trust Account for performing due diligence on prospective target businesses, paying for travel expenditures, and structuring, negotiating, and consummating the Business Combination.

On July 26, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate amount of up to $750,000 (the “July Note”) to individuals or entities listed on the Note. The Note is non-interest bearing and is payable on the earlier of (i) the date on which the Company consummates an initial business combination or (ii) the date the Company liquidates if a Business Combination is not consummated. The July Note will be repaid only from amounts remaining outside of the Company’s Trust Account, if any. The proceeds will be used by the Company to pay various expenses of the Company, including the extension payments, and for general corporate purposes. At September 30, 2024, there was $750,000 outstanding under the July Note.

On March 27, 2024, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate amount of up to $600,000 (the “March Note”) to individuals or entities listed on the Note. The March Note is non-interest bearing and is payable on the earlier of (i) the date on which the Company consummates an initial business combination or (ii) the date the Company liquidates if a Business Combination is not consummated. The March Note will be repaid only from amounts remaining outside of the Company’s Trust Account, if any. The proceeds will be used by the Company to pay various expenses of the Company, including the extension payments, and for general corporate purposes. At September 30, 2024, there was $537,944 outstanding under the March Note.

The Company will need to raise additional capital through loans or additional investments from the Initial Stockholders or its officers, directors or their affiliates. The Initial Stockholders and the Company’s officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds, from time to time, in whatever amount they deem reasonable in their sole discretion, to meet the Company’s working capital needs. Accordingly, the Company may not be able to obtain additional financing. If the Company is unable to raise additional capital, it may be required to take additional measures to conserve liquidity, which could include, but not necessarily be limited to, curtailing operations, suspending the pursuit of a potential transaction, and reducing overhead expenses. The Company cannot provide any assurance that new financing will be available to it on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. If an initial business combination is not consummated by December 3, 2024, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern one year from the date that these financial statements are issued. The Company plans to address this uncertainty through working capital loans and through consummation

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

of our initial business combination. There is no assurance that working capital loans will be available to the Company or that our plans to consummate a business combination will be successful; therefore, there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. These financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recovery of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and has concluded that while it is reasonably possible that COVID-19 could have a negative effect on the Company’s search for a target company for a Business Combination, the specific impact is not readily determinable as of the date of these condensed consolidated financial statements. The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Inflation Reduction Act of 2022

On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IR Act”) was signed into federal law. The IR Act provides for, among other things, a new U.S. federal 1% excise tax on certain repurchases of stock by publicly traded U.S. domestic corporations and certain U.S. domestic subsidiaries of publicly traded foreign corporations occurring on or after January 1, 2023. The excise tax is imposed on the repurchasing corporation itself, not its shareholders from which shares are repurchased. The amount of the excise tax is generally 1% of the fair market value of the shares repurchased at the time of the repurchase. However, for purposes of calculating the excise tax, repurchasing corporations are permitted to net the fair market value of certain new stock issuances against the fair market value of stock repurchases during the same taxable year. In addition, certain exceptions apply to the excise tax. The U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”) has been given authority to provide regulations and other guidance to carry out and prevent the abuse or avoidance of the excise tax.

Any redemption or other repurchase that occurs after December 31, 2022, in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise, may be subject to the excise tax. Whether and to what extent the Company would be subject to the excise tax in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise would depend on a number of factors, including (i) the fair market value of the redemptions and repurchases in connection with the Business Combination, extension or otherwise, (ii) the structure of a Business Combination, (iii) the nature and amount of any “PIPE” or other equity issuances in connection with a Business Combination (or otherwise issued not in connection with a Business Combination but issued within the same taxable year of a Business Combination) and (iv) the content of regulations and other guidance from the Treasury. In addition, because the excise tax would be payable by the Company and not by the redeeming holder, the mechanics of any required payment of the excise tax have not been determined. The foregoing could cause a reduction in the cash available on hand to complete a Business Combination and in the Company’s ability to complete a Business Combination.

In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the May Special Meeting, public stockholders exercised their right to redeem 8,989,488 shares of common stock for a total of $93,010,772. In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the December Special Meeting, 927,715 shares of common stock were tendered for redemption as of December 1, 2023. Excise tax should be recognized in the period incurred, that is when the repurchase occurs. Any reduction in the tax liability due to a subsequent stock issuance, or an event giving rise to an exception, which occurs within a tax year should be recorded in the period of such stock issuance or event giving rise to an exception. As of September 30, 2024, the Company recorded $1,029,003 of excise tax liability calculated as 1% of shares redeemed on May 31, 2023 and December 1, 2023.

During the second quarter, the IRS issued final regulations with respect to the timing and payment of the excise tax. Pursuant to those regulations, the Company would need to file a return and remit payment for any liability incurred during the period from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023 on or before October 31, 2024.

The Company is currently evaluating its options with respect to payment of this obligation. If the Company is unable to pay its obligation in full, it will be subject to additional interest and penalties which are currently estimated at 10% interest per annum and a

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

5% underpayment penalty per month or portion of a month up to 25% of the total liability for any amount that is unpaid from November 1, 2024 until paid in full.

NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X of the SEC. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC. The interim results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024 or for any future periods.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account

At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all of the assets held in the Trust Account were held in money market funds which are invested primarily in U. S. Treasury securities.

Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption

The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

stockholders’ equity. The Company’s common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ deficit section of the Company’s balance sheets.

The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable common stock to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Immediately upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company recognized the accretion from initial book value to redemption amount value. The change in the carrying value of redeemable common stock resulted in a charge against additional paid-in capital to the extent possible, and when additional paid-in capital is reduced to zero, to retained earnings.

At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the common stock subject to possible redemption reflected in the balance sheets is reconciled in the following table:


Gross proceeds	$	115,000,000
Less:
Common stock issuance costs		(1,625,220)
Plus:
Accretion of carrying value to redemption value		3,350,220
Common stock subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2021		116,725,000
Plus:
Accretion of carrying value to redemption value		1,084,374
Common stock subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2022		117,809,374
Less:
Shares Redeemed		(102,900,344)
Plus:
Accretion of carrying value to redemption value		2,040,857
Common stock subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2023		16,949,887
Plus:
Accretion of carrying value to redemption value		801,360
Common stock subject to possible redemption, September 30, 2024	$	17,751,247

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s deferred tax asset had a full valuation allowance recorded against it. The effective tax rate was 43.63% and 16.19% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, 20.27% and (82.11%) for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, due to state taxes, net of federal tax benefit, merger and acquisition expenses, and the valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets.

ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.

The Company has identified the United States as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.

Net (Loss) Income per Common Share

The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share.” The Company has two types of common stock – redeemable common stock and non-redeemable common stock. The Company calculates its earnings per share to allocate net (loss) income pro rata to redeemable and non-redeemable common stock. This presentation contemplates a Business Combination as the most likely outcome, in which case, both classes of common stock share pro rata in the (loss) income of the Company. In order to determine the net (loss) income attributable to both the redeemable and non-redeemable common stock, the Company first considered the total (loss) income allocable to both sets of shares. This is calculated using the total net (loss) income less any dividends paid. For the purposes of calculating net (loss) income per share, any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the redeemable common stock subject to redemption and the excise tax calculated on the redemption of shares are considered to be dividends paid to the holders of the redeemable common stock.

The calculation of diluted (loss) income per common share does not consider the effect of the warrants issued in connection with the (i) Initial Public Offering, and (ii) the private placement since the exercise of the warrants is contingent upon the occurrence of future events. The warrants are exercisable to purchase 5,980,750 shares of common stock in the aggregate. As a result, diluted net (loss) income per common share is the same as basic net (loss) income per common share for the periods presented.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

The following tables reflect the calculation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share (in dollars, except per share amounts):


	For the Three Months				For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,				Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net (loss) income	$	(195,976)	$	(646,092)	$	(1,036,605)	$	156,857
Accretion of redeemable common stock to redemption amount		(224,609)		(188,932)		(801,360)		(1,792,959)
Excise taxes on stock redemption		—		—		—		(930,108)
Net (loss) income including accretion of temporary equity to redemption value and excise taxes on stock redemption	$	(420,585)	$	(835,024)	$	(1,837,965)	$	(2,566,210)


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,								For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024				2023				2024				2023
	Redeemable		Non-redeemable		Redeemable		Non-redeemable		Redeemable		Non-redeemable		Redeemable		Non-redeemable
	Common stock		Common stock		Common stock		Common stock		Common stock		Common stock		Common stock		Common stock
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (loss) including accretion of temporary equity to redemption value	$	(135,324)	$	(285,261)	$	(358,531)	$	(476,493)	$	(591,370)	$	(1,246,595)	$	(1,774,826)	$	(791,384)
Accretion of common stock to redemption value		224,609		—		188,932		—		801,360		—		1,792,959		—
Excise taxes on stock redemption		—		—		—		—		—		—		930,108		—
Net income (loss)	$	89,285	$	(285,261)	$	(169,599)	$	(476,493)	$	209,990	$	(1,246,595)	$	948,241	$	(791,384)
Denominator:
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding		1,582,797		3,336,500		2,510,512		3,336,500		1,582,797		3,336,500		7,482,720		3,336,500
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share	$	0.06	$	(0.09)	$	(0.07)	$	(0.14)	$	0.13	$	(0.37)	$	0.13	$	(0.24)

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Corporation coverage limit of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.

Warrant Classification

The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified instruments or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification(“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. The Company’s has analyzed the Public Warrants and Private Warrants and determined they are considered to be freestanding instruments and do not exhibit any of the characteristics in ASC 480 and therefore are not classified as liabilities under ASC 480 or ASC 815.

NOTE 3. INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING

On December 3, 2021, pursuant to the Initial Public Offering, the Company sold 11,500,000 Units, which included a full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option in the amount of 1,500,000 Units, at a price of $10.00 per Unit. Each Unit consists of one share of common stock and one-half of one redeemable warrant (“Public Warrant”). Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per full share, subject to adjustment (see Note 7).

NOTE 4. PRIVATE PLACEMENT

Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, certain of the Initial Stockholders purchased from the Company an aggregate of 461,500 Private Units at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, for an aggregate purchase price of $4,615,000, in a private placement. Each Private Unit consists of one share of common stock (“Private Share”) and one-half of one redeemable warrant (“Private Warrant”). Each whole Private Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per full share, subject to adjustment (see Note 7). The proceeds from the Private Units were added to the proceeds from the Initial Public Offering held in the Trust Account. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds from the sale of the Private Units will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law).

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

NOTE 5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Founder Shares

In December 2020, certain of the Initial Stockholders purchased an aggregate of 4,312,500 shares of common stock from the Company for an aggregate purchase price of $25,000. In September 2021, certain of the Initial Stockholders sold an aggregate of 1,547,802 shares back to the Company for an aggregate purchase price of $959.14. Of those shares, 1,437,500 shares were cancelled, and the remaining 110,302 shares were purchased by certain of the Initial Stockholders from the Company for an aggregate purchase price of $959.14, resulting in an aggregate of 2,875,000 shares of common stock being held by the Initial Stockholders (the “Founder Shares”). On November 22, 2021, CR Financial Holdings, Inc. sold an aggregate of 56,932 shares to the Company’s independent directors for an aggregate purchase price of $495.05.

The sale of the Founder Shares to certain of the Company’s Initial Stockholders and independent directors, as described above, is within the scope of FASB ASC Topic 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”). Under ASC 718, stock-based compensation associated with equity-classified awards is measured at fair value upon the grant date. The fair value of the 167,234 shares sold to the Company’s Initial Stockholders and independent directors was approximately $788,900, or $4.72 per share. The Founder Shares were effectively sold subject to a performance condition (i.e., the occurrence of a Business Combination). Compensation expense related to the Founder Shares is recognized only when the performance condition is probable of occurrence. Stock-based compensation will be recognized at the date a Business Combination is considered probable in an amount equal to the number of Founder Shares times the grant date fair value per share (unless subsequently modified) less the amount initially received for the purchase of the Founder Shares. As of September 30, 2024, the Company determined that a Business Combination is not considered probable, and, therefore, no stock-based compensation expense has been recognized.

The Initial Stockholders have agreed, subject to certain limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of the Founder Shares until (1) with respect to 50% of the Founder Shares, the earlier of six months after the completion of a Business Combination and the date on which the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing after a Business Combination and (2) with respect to the remaining 50% of the Founder Shares, six months after the completion of a Business Combination, or earlier, in either case, if, subsequent to a Business Combination, the Company completes a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.

Working Capital Loans

In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Initial Stockholders, or certain of the Company’s officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required (“Working Capital Loans”). If the Company completes a Business Combination, the Company would repay the Working Capital Loans out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to the Company. Otherwise, the Working Capital Loans would be repaid only out of funds held outside the Trust Account. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of proceeds held outside the Trust Account to repay the Working Capital Loans, but no proceeds held in the Trust Account would be used to repay the Working Capital Loans. Except for the foregoing, the terms of such Working Capital Loans, if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans. The Working Capital Loans would be repaid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest. On July 26, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate amount of up to $750,000 (the “July Note”) to individuals or entities listed on the Note. The July Note is non-interest bearing and is payable on the earlier of (i) the date on which the Company consummates an initial business combination or (ii) the date the Company liquidates if a Business Combination is not consummated. The July Note will be repaid only from amounts remaining outside of the Company’s Trust Account, if any. The proceeds were used by the Company to pay various expenses of the Company, including the extension payments, and for general corporate purposes.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

On March 27, 2024, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of up to $600,000 (the “December Note”) to individuals or entities listed on the Note (the “Payees”). Pursuant to the December Note, the Payees agreed to loan to the Company an aggregate amount of up to $600,000 that shall be payable on the earlier of (i) the date on which the Company consummates an initial business combination as such term is defined in the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Business Combination”), or (ii) the date the Company liquidates if a Business Combination is not consummated. The December Note bears no interest rate. In the event that the Company does not consummate a Business Combination, the December Note will be repaid only from amounts remaining outside of the Company’s trust account, if any. The proceeds of the December Note will be used for the Company to pay various expenses of the Company and for general corporate purposes.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were Working Capital Loans outstanding of $1,287,944 and $416,841, respectively.

Underwriting Agreement and Business Combination Marketing Agreement

The Company entered into an underwriting agreement and a business combination marketing agreement with Roth Capital Partners, LLC (“Roth”) and Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC (“Craig-Hallum”), the underwriters in the Initial Public Offering. The underwriters are related parties of the Company.

NOTE 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Registration Rights

Pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into on November 30, 2021, the holders of the Founder Shares, as well as the holders of the Private Units (and underlying securities), are entitled to registration rights. The holders of a majority of these securities are entitled to make up to two demands that the Company register such securities. They can elect to exercise these registration rights (i) at any time commencing three months prior to the date of release from escrow with respect to the Founder Shares or (ii) at any time after the Company consummates a Business Combination with respect to the Private Units (and the underlying securities). In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the consummation of a Business Combination. The registration rights agreement does not contain liquidating damages or other cash settlement provisions resulting from delays in registering the Company’s securities. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, they may not exercise demand or piggyback rights after five (5) and seven (7) years, respectively, from the effective date of the Initial Public Offering and may not exercise demand rights on more than one occasion in respect of all registrable securities.

Underwriting Agreement

The underwriters received an underwriting discount of 1.0% of the gross proceeds of the Initial Public Offering, or $1,150,000.

Business Combination Marketing Agreement

Pursuant to a business combination marketing agreement entered into on November 30, 2021, the Company engaged Roth and Craig-Hallum, the underwriters in the Initial Public Offering, as advisors in connection with its Business Combination to assist in the transaction structuring and negotiation of a definitive purchase agreement with respect to the Business Combination, hold meetings with the stockholders to discuss the Business Combination and the target’s attributes, introduce the Company to potential investors to purchase its securities in connection with the Business Combination, and assist with financial analysis, presentations, press releases and filings related to the Business Combination. Roth and Craig-Hallum were initially to receive a fee for such services upon the consummation of a Business Combination in an amount equal to, in the aggregate, 4.5% of the gross proceeds of the Initial Public Offering (or $5,175,000 in the aggregate). As a result, Roth and Craig-Hallum would not be entitled to such fee unless the Company consummates a Business Combination. On January 2, 2024, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Roth and Craig-Hallum to terminate the business combination marketing agreement. In exchange for termination of the business combination marketing

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

agreement, the Company and Roth and Craig-Hallum mutually agreed to issue to Roth and Craig-Hallum 575,000 shares of common stock on the date of the closing of the Business Combination.

Merger Agreement

As previously reported, on January 3, 2024, the Company (“ROCL” or “Acquiror”), entered into a Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (as it may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Acquiror, Roth CH V Merger Sub Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Acquiror (“Merger Sub”), and New Era Helium Corp., a Nevada corporation (“NEH” or the “Company”). The transactions set forth in the Merger Agreement, including the Merger (defined below), will constitute a “Business Combination” as contemplated by Acquiror’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Unless expressly stated otherwise herein, capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have such meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement.

The Merger

Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement and in accordance with the Nevada Revised Statutes and the Delaware General Corporation Law, Merger Sub will merge with and into the Company, with the Company surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Acquiror (the “Merger”). Upon the closing of the Transactions, subject to approval by ROCL’s stockholders and other customary closing conditions, the combined company with be named “New Era Helium Corp.” and is expected to list on The Nasdaq Stock Market.

Consideration

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, in consideration of the Merger, the holders of shares of Company Common Stock (including shares of Company Common Stock resulting from the conversion of Company Preferred Stock) will receive an aggregate of 9.0 million shares of Acquiror’s common stock, which number will be subject to adjustment based upon the Net Debt (as defined in the Merger Agreement) (which shares do not include the Earnout Shares (as defined below)) (the “Company Merger Shares”). For purposes of the Company Merger Shares, such amount assumes $37,300,000 of Net Debt. For every dollar of Net Debt lower than $37,300,000 at Closing, the Company Merger Shares will be increased by 1/10 of one share and for every dollar of Net Debt higher than $37,300,000 at Closing, the Company Merger Shares will be decreased by 1/10 of one share.

The Merger Agreement also provides, among other things, that the holders of shares of Company Common Stock immediately prior to the Effective Time have the contingent right to receive up to an aggregate of 1.0 million additional shares of Acquiror’s common stock (the “Earnout Shares”), subject to the following contingencies:

(i) 500,000 Earnout Shares, in the event that, based upon the audited financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2025, it meets or exceeds a total EBITDA of $25.268 million as calculated by the Company; and

(ii) 500,000 Earnout Shares, if, at any time during the period between the Closing Date and 180 days after the filing of the Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the average of the reported sales prices on Nasdaq (or the exchange on which Acquiror’s common stock is then listed) for any twenty (20) Trading Days during any thirty (30) consecutive Trading Days is greater than or equal to $12.50.

Conditions to Consummation of the Transactions

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

Acquiror’s common stock being listed on Nasdaq, or another national securities exchange mutually agreed to by the parties; (f) the Form S-4 having become effective and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Form S-4 having been issued by the SEC; and (g) Acquiror (including, following the Effective Time, the Company) having equal to or in excess of $5,000,000 in cash and cash equivalents.

Acquiror has separate conditions to closing, including, among others, that (a) no material adverse effect having occurred with respect to the Company, (b) the Company having raised at least $45,000,000 in a private placement of securities in order to fund its new plant construction, and (c) certain indebtedness of the Company having been converted into shares of common stock of the Company. The Company has separate conditions to closing, including, among others, that no material adverse effect has occurred with respect to Acquiror.

Termination

The Merger Agreement may be terminated under certain customary and limited circumstances prior to the Closing of the Merger, including: (a) by mutual written consent of Acquiror and the Company; (b) by either party if the Closing has not occurred prior to the date that is 180 days after the date of the Merger Agreement; (c) there is a final non-appealable order issued by a governmental authority preventing or making illegal the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement; (d) by either Acquiror or the Company if any of the Roth Proposals fails to be approved at the Roth Stockholders’ Meeting; (e) by Acquiror if the Company fails to obtain Company Stockholder Approval within five (5) Business Days following the date in which the SEC declares the Form S-4 effective; (f) by Acquiror if the Company has not delivered: (i) its Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 by January 8, 2024, (ii) its Interim Financials by February 1, 2024, and (iii) the Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 within 90 days after the date of the Merger Agreement; and (g) by either party if the other party’s representations or warranties are not true and correct or if the other party breached any of its covenants set forth in the Merger Agreement such that the conditions to Closing would not be satisfied and such breach cannot or has not been cured within the earlier of thirty (30) days’ notice by the other party.

If the Merger Agreement is validly terminated, none of the parties will have any liability or any further obligation under the Merger Agreement with certain limited exceptions, including liability arising out of willful material breach of the Merger Agreement.

Insider Support Agreement

Contemporaneously with the execution of the Merger Agreement, Acquiror entered into an insider support agreement (the “Insider Support Agreement”) with NEH and certain stockholders of Acquiror (the “Sponsor Parties”), whereby the Sponsor Parties have agreed, among other things, (i) not to transfer or redeem any Acquiror Common Stock held by such Sponsor Parties, (ii) to vote in favor of the adoption of the Merger Agreement and approval of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, and (iii) to vote against any Alternative Transaction with respect to Acquiror or any proposal in opposition to approval of the Merger Agreement or in competition with or inconsistent with the Merger Agreement and any other action or proposal that is intended, or would reasonably be expected, to prevent, impede, interfere with, delay, postpone or adversely affect the Transactions.

Company Support Agreement

Contemporaneously with the execution of the Merger Agreement, Acquiror entered into a stockholder support agreement (the “Company Support Agreement”) with NEH and certain shareholders of NEH (the “Company Supporting Shareholders”), pursuant to which the Company Supporting Shareholders have agreed, among other things, (i) not to transfer any NEH Common Stock held by such Company Supporting Shareholders, (ii) to vote in favor of the Merger and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, and (iii) to vote against any Alternative Transaction with respect to NEH or any proposal in opposition to approval of the Merger Agreement or in competition with or inconsistent with the Merger Agreement, and any other action or proposal that is intended, or would reasonably be expected, to prevent, impede, interfere with, delay, postpone or adversely affect the Transactions.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

Amendments to Merger Agreement

On June 5, 2024, the Company and NEH entered into the First Amendment to the Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization Amendment (the “First Amendment”) pursuant to which, among other things:

(a)

the Outside Date has been extended to 270 days after the date of the Merger Agreement

(b)

the structure of the Business Combination has changed such that: (1) the Company will merge (the “Initial Merger”) with and into a newly formed Nevada corporation named Roth CH V Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, and Holdings will be the survivor of the Initial Merger; (ii) Holdings shall sign a joinder and become a party to the Merger Agreement; and (iii) immediately subsequent to the Initial Merger, Merger Sub will merge with and into NEH, with NEH surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Holdings; and

(c)

the closing condition that NEH raise at least $45 million in a private placement of securities in order to fund its new plant construction has been removed, and the closing condition that certain indebtedness of NEH be converted into shares of common stock of NEH has been removed.

On August 8, 2024, the Company and NEH entered into the Second Amendment to the Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization Amendment (the “Second Amendment”), pursuant to which, among other things:

(a)

The Outside Date was extended to October 31, 2024; and

(b)

The definition of “Company Merger Shares” and “Net Debt” were amended.

On September 11, 2024, the Company and NEH entered into the Third Amendment to the Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization Amendment (the “Third Amendment”) pursuant to which, among other things:

(a)

The definition of “Company Merger Shares” in Section 1.01 is amended to read as follows: “Company Merger Shares” means 9,000,000 shares of Holdings Common Stock which number shall be subject to adjustment based upon the Net Debt at closing in that is different from the Net Debt at the date of the Original Business Combination Agreement (the “Net Debt Variation”). For the avoidance of doubt, the Company Merger Shares do not include Earnout Shares in an amount up to 1,000,000 shares of Roth Common stock. For every dollar of decrease in the Net Debt Variation the Company Merger Shares shall be increased by 1/10 of one share and for every dollar of increase in the Net Debt Variation the Company Merger Shares shall be decreased by 1/10 of one share.

(b)

The definition of “Net Debt” in Section 1.01 is amended to read as follows: “Net Debt means the total Indebtedness of NEH and the NEH Subsidiaries (excluding any existing Indebtedness that converts, exchanges or is exercised into share of capital stock of NEH) after subtracting all cash and liquid assets, which calculation shall be mutually agreed upon between NEH and Roth no later than three business days prior to Closing. In the event of any dispute with respect to such calculation, the parties shall promptly (and in no event more than 15 days after the Closing) engage a mutually agreed upon independent third party to resolve such dispute and make an independent determination of the Company Merger Shares and Net Debt. NEH shall make all work papers, back up materials, and financial staff involved in preparation of the calculations available to such third party. The cost of such third party shall be paid by Holdings.

(c)

A new section 3.02(k) shall be added as follows: In the event that the parties are unable to mutually agree on the Company Merger Shares or Net Debt prior to the Closing, the number of shares in dispute shall not be distributed as part of the Per Share Merger Consideration at the Closing and shall only be distributed upon resolution of any dispute pursuant to Section 1.01 hereof.

On September 30, 2024, the Company and NEH entered into the Fourth Amendment to the Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization Amendment (the “Fourth Amendment”) pursuant to which, among other things the parties extended the Outside Date to November 30, 2024.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

NOTE 7. STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

Common Stock — The Company is authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. On May 31, 2023, in connection with the stockholders’ vote at the May Special Meeting, stockholders exercised their right to redeem 8,989,488 shares of common stock and on December 1, 2023, at the December Special Meeting, stockholders exercised their right to redeem 927,715 shares of common stock. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were 3,336,500 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, excluding 1,582,797 shares of common stock subject to possible redemption which are presented as temporary equity, respectively.

Warrants — At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were 5,750,000 Public Warrants outstanding and 230,750 Private Warrants outstanding.

The Company will not issue fractional warrants. The Public Warrants will become exercisable 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination. No warrants will be exercisable for cash unless the Company has an effective and current registration statement covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating to such shares of common stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the registration statement of which the prospectus for the Company’s Initial Public Offering forms a part is not available and a new registration statement covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants is not effective within 120 days following the consummation of a Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when the Company shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to an available exemption from registration under the Securities Act. The warrants will expire five years from the closing of a Business Combination.

The Company may redeem the Public Warrants:

●

in whole and not in part;

●

at a price of $0.01 per warrant;

●

at any time after the warrants become exercisable;

●

upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each warrant holder;

●

if, and only if, the reported last sale price of the shares of common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share, for any 20 trading days within a 30-day trading period commencing after the warrants become exercisable and ending on the third business day prior to the notice of redemption to warrant holders; and

●

if, and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the shares of common stock underlying such warrants at the time of redemption and for the entire 30-day trading period referred to above and continuing each day thereafter until the date of redemption.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable on exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, extraordinary dividend or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, except as described below, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of shares of common stock at a price below their respective exercise prices. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the warrants. If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of warrants will not receive any of such funds with respect to their warrants, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company’s assets held outside of the Trust Account with the respect to such warrants. Accordingly, the warrants may expire worthless.

In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of a Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.20 per share of common stock (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the Company’s board of directors), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of a Business Combination on the date of the consummation of a Business Combination (net of redemptions), and (z) the volume weighted average trading price of the Company’s common stock during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company consummates Business Combination (such price, the “Market Value”) is below $9.20 per share, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the Market Value and the $18.00 per share redemption trigger price described above will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 180% of the Market Price.

Except with respect to certain registration rights and transfer restrictions, the Private Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants underlying the Units sold in the Initial Public Offering.

NOTE 8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:

Level 1:

Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Level 2:

Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

Level 3:

Unobservable inputs based on our assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

Table of Contents

ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

At September 30, 2024, assets held in the Trust Account were comprised of $17,928,070 in mutual funds. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2024, the Company withdrew $132,152 of interest earned on the Trust Account to pay for its tax obligations.

At December 31, 2023, assets held in the Trust Account were comprised of $16,978,160 in mutual funds. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company withdrew $1,511,689 of interest earned on the Trust Account to pay for its tax obligations and $102,900,344 for redemption of shares in connection with the stockholders’ vote at the May Special Meeting and December Special Meeting.

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value. Level 1 instruments include investments in money market funds. The Company uses inputs such as actual trade data, benchmark yields, quoted market prices from dealers or brokers, and other similar sources to determine the fair value of its investments.


		September 30,		December 31,
Description	Level	2024		2023
Assets:
U.S. Mutual Funds Held in Trust Account	1	$	17,928,070	$	16,978,160

NOTE 9. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the condensed consolidated financial statements were issued. Based upon this review the Company did not identify any subsequent events, other than disclosed, that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

On October 25, 2024, the Company announced a Special Meeting of Stockholders (the “Special Meeting”) to be held on November 29, 2024 at which the stockholders will be asked to vote on a proposal to allow the Company, without further stockholder approval, to amend (the “Extension Amendment”) the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination up to six (6) times, each such extension for an additional one (1) month period from December 4, 2024 to June 4, 2025.

Table of Contents

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

References in this report (this “Quarterly Report”) to “we,” “us” or the “Company” refer to Roth CH Acquisition V Co. References to our “management” or our “management team” refer to our officers and directors. The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are not historical facts and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expected and projected. All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report including, without limitation, statements in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” regarding the search for an initial business combination, the Company’s financial position, business strategy and the plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. Words such as “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “seek” and variations and similar words and expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance, but reflect management’s current beliefs, based on information currently available. A number of factors could cause actual events, performance or results to differ materially from the events, performance and results discussed in the forward-looking statements. For information identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements, please refer to the Risk Factors section of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the Company’s final prospectus for its initial public offering filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company’s securities filings can be accessed on the EDGAR section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Except as expressly required by applicable securities law, the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Overview

We are a blank check company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware on November 5, 2020 for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more businesses. We intend to effectuate our Business Combination using cash from the proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Units, our capital stock, debt or a combination of cash, stock and debt.

The issuance of additional shares of our stock in an initial business combination:

●

may significantly reduce the equity interest of our stockholders;

●

may subordinate the rights of holders of common stock if we issue preferred shares with rights senior to those afforded to our shares of common stock;

●

will likely cause a change in control if a substantial number of our shares of common stock are issued, which may affect, among other things, our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and most likely will also result in the resignation or removal of our present officers and directors; and may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our securities.

●

Similarly, if we issue debt securities or otherwise incur significant indebtedness, it could result in: default and foreclosure on our assets if our operating revenues after a business combination are insufficient to pay our debt obligations;

●

our immediate payment of all principal and accrued interest, if any, if the debt security is payable on demand; and

●

our inability to obtain additional financing, if necessary, if the debt security contains covenants restricting our ability to obtain additional financing while such security is outstanding.

Table of Contents

We expect to continue to incur significant costs in the pursuit of our acquisition plans. We cannot assure you that our plans to complete an initial business combination will be successful.

Recent Developments

Merger Agreement

On January 3, 2024, ROCL (or “Acquiror”), entered into a Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (as it may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Acquiror, Roth CH V Merger Sub Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Acquiror (“Merger Sub”), and New Era Helium Corp., a Nevada corporation (“NEH”). The transactions set forth in the Merger Agreement, including the Merger (defined below), will constitute a “Business Combination” as contemplated by Acquiror’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Unless expressly stated otherwise herein, capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have such meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement.

The Merger Consideration

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, in consideration of the Merger, the holders of shares of NEH Common Stock (including shares of NEH Common Stock resulting from the conversion of NEH Preferred Stock) will receive an aggregate of 9.0 million shares of Acquiror’s common stock, which number will be subject to adjustment based upon the Net Debt (as defined in the Merger Agreement) (which shares do not include the Earnout Shares (as defined below)) (the “NEH Merger Shares”). For purposes of the NEH Merger Shares, such amount assumes $37,300,000 of Net Debt. For every dollar of Net Debt lower than $37,300,000 at Closing, the NEH Merger Shares will be increased by 1/10 of one share and for every dollar of Net Debt higher than $37,300,000 at Closing, the NEH Merger Shares will be decreased by 1/10 of one share.

The Merger Agreement also provides, among other things, that the holders of shares of NEH Common Stock immediately prior to the Effective Time have the contingent right to receive up to an aggregate of 1.0 million additional shares of Acquiror’s common stock (the “Earnout Shares”), subject to the following contingencies:

(i)

500,000 Earnout Shares, in the event that, based upon the audited financial statements of NEH for the year ended December 31, 2025, it meets or exceeds a total EBITDA of $25.268 million as calculated by the Company; and

(ii)

500,000 Earnout Shares, if, at any time during the period between the Closing Date and 180 days after the filing of the Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the average of the reported sales prices on Nasdaq (or the exchange on which Acquiror’s common stock is then listed) for any twenty (20) Trading Days during any thirty (30) consecutive Trading Days is greater than or equal to $12.50.

Representations and Warranties

The Merger Agreement contains customary representations and warranties of the parties thereto with respect to the parties, the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and their respective business operations and activities, including, with respect to NEH, its mineral properties, leases and contracts. The representations and warranties of the parties do not survive the Closing.

Covenants

The Merger Agreement contains customary covenants of the parties thereto, including: (a) conduct of business pending the Merger, (b) preparation and filing of a Form S-4 with respect to the shares of Acquiror’s common stock issuable under the Merger Agreement, which Form S-4 will contain a proxy statement for Acquiror’s stockholders, (c) the requirement to make appropriate filings and obtain clearance pursuant to the HSR Act, and (d) the preparation and delivery of updated audited financial statements for NEH.

The Merger Agreement also contains mutual exclusivity provisions prohibiting the parties thereto and their respective representatives and subsidiaries from soliciting initiating, continuing or otherwise encouraging or participating in an Alternative Transaction (subject to certain limited exceptions specified therein), or entering into any contracts or agreements in connection therewith.

Table of Contents

The parties to the Merger Agreement agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to identify additional sources of financing from third party financing sources, on terms mutually agreed upon between Acquiror and NEH.

Conditions to Consummation of the Transactions

Consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement is subject to conditions of the respective parties that are customary for a transaction of this type, including, among others: (a) obtaining Acquiror stockholders’ approval of the Roth Proposals; (b) obtaining the NEH Stockholder Approval; (c) there being no laws or injunctions by governmental authorities or other legal restraint prohibiting consummation of the transactions contemplated under the Merger Agreement; (d) the required filings under the HSR Act having been completed and the waiting period applicable to the Merger under the HSR Act having expired or terminated; (e) Acquiror’s common stock being listed on Nasdaq, or another national securities exchange mutually agreed to by the parties; (f) the Form S-4 having become effective and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Form S-4 having been issued by the SEC; and (g) Acquiror (including, following the Effective Time, NEH) having equal to or in excess of $5,000,000 in cash and cash equivalents.

Acquiror has separate conditions to closing, including, among others, that (a) no material adverse effect having occurred with respect to NEH, (b) NEH having raised at least $45,000,000 in a private placement of securities in order to fund its new plant construction, and (c) certain indebtedness of NEH having been converted into shares of common stock of NEH. NEH has separate conditions to closing, including, among others, that no material adverse effect has occurred with respect to Acquiror.

Termination

The Merger Agreement may be terminated under certain customary and limited circumstances prior to the Closing of the Merger, including: (a) by mutual written consent of Acquiror and NEH; (b) by either party if the Closing has not occurred prior to the date that is 180 days after the date of the Merger Agreement; (c) there is a final non-appealable order issued by a governmental authority preventing or making illegal the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement; (d) by either Acquiror or NEH if any of the Roth Proposals fails to be approved at the Roth Stockholders’ Meeting; (e) by Acquiror if NEH fails to obtain NEH Stockholder Approval within five (5) Business Days following the date in which the SEC declares the Form S-4 effective; (f) by Acquiror if NEH has not delivered: (i) its Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 by January 8, 2024, (ii) its Interim Financials by February 1, 2024, and (iii) the Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 within 90 days after the date of the Merger Agreement; and (g) by either party if the other party’s representations or warranties are not true and correct or if the other party breached any of its covenants set forth in the Merger Agreement such that the conditions to Closing would not be satisfied and such breach cannot or has not been cured within the earlier of thirty (30) days’ notice by the other party.

Governance

The executive management of NEH is expected to serve as the executive management of Acquiror following Closing. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, for a period of three years following the Closing, Acquiror’s board of directors will consist of five members, with Acquiror’s current board of directors having the right to designate one director.

Employment Agreements

In connection with the Merger Agreement, prior to the filing of the definitive Proxy Statement, NEH agreed to amend and restate the employment agreements, or enter into new employment agreements, with certain key employees of NEH, in forms reasonably acceptable to Acquiror, NEH and such key employees and containing market terms for a public company of similar size and industry to NEH.

The Merger Agreement contains representations, warranties and covenants that the parties to the Merger Agreement made to each other as of the date of the Merger Agreement or other specific dates. The assertions embodied in those representations, warranties and covenants were made for purposes of the contract among the parties and are subject to important qualifications and limitations agreed to by the parties in connection with negotiating the Merger Agreement. The Merger Agreement has been attached to provide investors

Table of Contents

with information regarding its terms and is not intended to provide any other factual information about ROCL, NEH or any other party to the Merger Agreement. In particular, the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained in the Merger Agreement, which were made only for purposes of the Merger Agreement and as of specific dates, were solely for the benefit of the parties to the Merger Agreement, may be subject to limitations agreed upon by the contracting parties (including being qualified by confidential disclosures made for the purposes of allocating contractual risk between the parties to the Merger Agreement instead of establishing these matters as facts) and may be subject to standards of materiality applicable to the contracting parties that differ from those applicable to investors and reports and documents filed with the SEC. Investors should not rely on the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements, or any descriptions thereof, as characterizations of the actual state of facts or condition of any party to the Merger Agreement. In addition, the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements and other terms of the Merger Agreement may be subject to subsequent waiver or modification. Moreover, information concerning the subject matter of the representations and warranties and other terms may change after the date of the Merger Agreement, which subsequent information may or may not be fully reflected in ROCL’s public disclosures.

Certain Related Agreements

Insider Support Agreement

Company Support Agreement

Registration Rights Agreement

The Merger Agreement contemplates that, at the Closing, Acquiror and certain stockholders of Acquiror and NEH (collectively, the “Holders”) will enter into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which Acquiror will agree to register for resale, pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, certain shares of Acquiror Common Stock and warrants that are held by the Holders from time to time.

The Registration Rights Agreement amends and restates the registration rights agreement that was entered into by ROCL and the other parties thereto in connection with ROCL’s initial public offering. The Registration Rights Agreement will terminate on the earlier of (a) the tenth-year anniversary of the date of the Registration Rights Agreement or (b) with respect to any Holder, on the date that such Holder no longer holds any Registrable Securities (as defined therein).

Lock-up Agreement

The Merger Agreement contemplates that, prior to the Closing, certain shareholders of NEH (“Lock-up Holders”) will enter into lock-up agreements (each, a “Lock-up Agreement”) with NEH and Acquiror. Pursuant to the Lock-up Agreements, the Lock-up Holders will agree, among other things, that for a period of six (6) months following the Closing, not to transfer their shares received as Merger consideration or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Acquiror Common Stock owned by such Lock-up Holders nor make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to the registration of such lock-up securities.

Table of Contents

Termination of Business Combination Marketing Agreement

Concurrently with the execution of the Merger Agreement, Acquiror and NEH entered into a letter agreement (the “Letter Agreement”) with Roth Capital Partners, LLC and Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC (together the “Advisors”) to terminate that certain Business Combination Marketing Agreement, dated as of November 30, 2021, by and among Acquiror and the Advisors (the “BCMA”).

Pursuant to the Letter Agreement, in exchange for the termination of the BCMA, Acquiror and NEH mutually agree, jointly and severally, on the date of closing of the Business Combination, to issue to the Advisors an aggregate of 575,000 shares of Acquiror Common Stock and to include such shares as a “registrable security” in the Registration Rights Agreement. Such shares will not be subject to any lock-up agreement or other restrictions on transfer. The Letter Agreement will terminate and be of no force or effect if the Merger Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms.

Amendments to Merger Agreement

On June 5, 2024, the Company and NEH entered into the First Amendment to the Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization Amendment (the “Amendment”) pursuant to which, among other things:

(a)

the Outside Date has been extended to 270 days after the date of the Merger Agreement

(b)

(c)

On August 8, 2024, the parties to the BCA entered into the Second Amendment to the Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization Amendment, pursuant to which, among other things: (a) the Outside Date was extended to October 31, 2024 and (b) the definitions of “Company Merger Shares” and “Net Debt” were amended.

(d)

(e)

(f)

Table of Contents

Extensions of the Combination Period

On May 17, 2023, we held a special meeting of stockholders (the “May 2023 Meeting”), at which our stockholders approved an amendment (the “May Extension Amendment”) to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to give the Company the right to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination (the “Combination Period”) up to six (6) times, each such extension for an additional one (1) month period, from June 3, 2023 to December 4, 2023. In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the May 2023 Meeting, 8,989,488 shares of common stock were tendered for redemption.

On May 3 and 4, 2023, we entered into non-redemption agreements with certain stockholders owning, in the aggregate, 2,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, pursuant to which such stockholders agreed, among other things, not to redeem or exercise any right to redeem such public shares in connection with the May Extension Amendment. Certain initial stockholders of the Company agreed to pay the stockholders that entered into such agreements $0.04 per share for each one-month extension in connection with such agreements. On July 20, 2023, we entered into amendments to the non-redemption agreements to provide that the Company or certain initial stockholders of the Company, or their affiliates or designees, will pay such stockholders that entered into such non-redemption agreements $0.04 per share for each one-month extension in connection with such agreements. On May 30, 2023, June 29, 2023, July 31, 2023, August 31, 2023, October 2, 2023 and November 6, 2023, we issued payments to the Non-redeeming Stockholders in the aggregate amount of $480,000 in relation to the extension of the Combination Period through December 4, 2023.

On December 1, 2023, we held a special meeting of stockholders (the “December 2023 Meeting”), at which our stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to (A) give the Company the right to extend the Combination Period up to twelve (12) times, each such extension for an additional one (1) month period, from December 4, 2023 to December 3, 2024 (i.e., for a period of time ending 36 months from the consummation of the IPO) and (B) expand the methods that the Company may employ to not become subject to the “penny stock” rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission. In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the December 2023 Meeting, 927,715 shares of common stock were tendered for redemption. As of September 30, 2024, we paid an aggregate amount of $405,000 to the Trust account for each one-month extension to extend the date by which the Company must consummate its Business Combination from December 4, 2023 to July 4, 2024.

At present, the Company has until December 3, 2024 to complete its initial business combination. The Company’s board of directors believes that there may not be sufficient time before December 3, 2024 to complete the Business Combination or an alternate initial business combination. Therefore, the board of directors has determined that it is desirable to provide the Company with an option to extend the Combination Period up to six times, each such extension for an additional one-month period, from December 3, 2024 to June 4, 2025 (the “Proposed Extension”), in order to provide its stockholders with the opportunity to participate in a prospective investment. Accordingly, On November 18, 2024, the Company filed a definitive proxy statement with the SEC in order to convene a special meeting of stockholders seeking approval to amend the Current Charter and extend the Combination Period for additional one-month periods up to June 4, 2025. The definitive proxy statement was mailed to stockholders of record as of October 28, 2024 in order to hold a special meeting of stockholders to vote on the Proposed Extension. The special meeting will be held at 10:00 a.m., Eastern Time on November 29, 2024.

Nasdaq Matters

On October 9, 2023, The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) notified the Company that it did not comply with Nasdaq’s minimum 400 Total Holders requirement set forth in Listing Rule 5450(a)(2) (the “Rule”). Based on Nasdaq’s further review and the materials submitted by the Company on November 24, 2023, January 5, 2024, and February 19, 2024, Nasdaq determined to grant the Company an extension of time to regain compliance with the Rule. On May 13, 2024, Nasdaq notified the Company that it did not regain compliance with the requirement during the extension period. On May 17, 2023, the Company requested a hearing before a Nasdaq Hearing Panel (the “Panel”). A hearing on this matter was held on June 27, 2024 and on July 3, 2024, Nasdaq notified the Company that the Panel has determined to grant the Company’s request to continue its listing on Nasdaq subject to the condition that on or before November 11, 2024, the Company shall demonstrate compliance with the Rule.

Table of Contents

Results of Operations

We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues to date. Our only activities through September 30, 2024 were organizational activities, those necessary to prepare for the Initial Public Offering described below, and subsequent to the Initial Public Offering, identifying a target company for an initial business combination. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our initial business combination, at the earliest. We generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account (as defined below). We incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses in connection with searching for, and completing, an initial business combination.

For the three months ended September 30, 2024, we had a net loss of $195,976, which consisted of operating costs of $368,098 and provision for income taxes of $59,527, offset by of interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account of $229,375 and other interest income of $2,274.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we had a net loss of $1,036,605, which consisted of operating costs of $1,540,761, interest and penalties of $463 and provision for income taxes of $174,717, offset by of interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account of $677,062 and other interest income of $2,274.

For the three months ended September 30, 2023, we had a net loss of $646,092, which consisted of interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account of $343,491 and change in fair value of due to non-redeeming stockholders of $8,811, offset by of operating costs of $908,357 and provision for income taxes of $90,037.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we had a net income of $156,857, which consisted of interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account of $2,641,366, offset by of operating costs of $1,293,488, provision for income taxes of $719,832 and finance costs for non-redemption agreements of $471,189.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

On December 3, 2021, we consummated our initial public offering (the “Initial Public Offering”) of 11,500,000 units (the “Units” and, with respect to the shares of common stock included in the Units sold, the “Public Shares”), which included the full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option in the amount of 1,500,000 Units, at a price of $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $115,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, we consummated the sale of 461,500 units (the “Private Units”), at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, in a private placement to certain of the holders of ours shares prior to the Initial Public Offering (the “Initial Stockholders”), generating gross proceeds of $4,615,000.

Table of Contents

Following the Initial Public Offering, including the full exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters, and the sale of the Private Units, a total of $116,725,000 was placed in a trust account located in the United States (the “Trust Account”). We incurred $1,625,220 in transaction costs, consisting of $1,150,000 of underwriting fees and $475,220 of other offering costs.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, cash used in operating activities was $921,973. Net loss of $1,036,605 was affected by interest earned on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $677,062 and other interest income of $2,274, offset by changes in operating assets and liabilities, which provided $924,247.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, cash used in operating activities was $1,800,678. Net income of $156,857 was affected by interest earned on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $2,641,366 offset by fair value of due to non-redeeming shareholders of $471,189, and changes in operating assets and liabilities, which provided $212,642.

On May 31, 2023, in connection with the stockholders’ vote at the May Special Meeting, stockholders exercised their right to redeem 8,989,488 shares of common stock and $93,010,772 was released from the Trust account in connection with the share redemption. In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the December Special Meeting, stockholders exercised their right to redeem 927,715 shares of common stock and $9,889,573 was released from the Trust account in connection with the share redemption. In connection with the share redemptions, we recorded $1,029,003 of excise tax liability calculated as 1% of shares redeemed on May 31, 2023 and December 11, 2023. As of September 30, 2024, we had cash and marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $17,928,070. We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the Trust Account, including any amounts representing interest earned on the Trust Account (less income taxes payable), to complete our initial business combination. We may withdraw interest to pay taxes. Through September 30, 2024, we withdrew an amount of $132,152 of interest income from the Trust Account. To the extent that our capital stock or debt is used, in whole or in part, as consideration to complete our initial business combination, the remaining proceeds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business or businesses, make other acquisitions and pursue our growth strategies.

As of September 30, 2024, we had $6,620 of cash held outside of the Trust Account. We intend to use the funds held outside the Trust Account primarily to identify and evaluate target businesses, perform business due diligence on prospective target businesses, travel to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses or their representatives or owners, review corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, and structure, negotiate and complete an initial business combination.

In order to finance transaction costs in connection with an initial business combination, the Initial Stockholders, or certain of our officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required (“Working Capital Loans”). If we complete an initial business combination, we would repay the Working Capital Loans out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to us. Otherwise, the Working Capital Loans would be repaid only out of funds held outside the Trust Account. In the event that an initial business combination does not close, we may use a portion of proceeds held outside the Trust Account to repay the Working Capital Loans, but no proceeds held in the Trust Account would be used to repay the Working Capital Loans. The Working Capital Loans would be repaid upon consummation of an initial business combination, without interest. On July 26, 2023, we issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate amount of up to $750,000 (the “July Note”) to individuals or entities listed on the Note. The July Note is non-interest bearing and is payable on the earlier of (i) the date on which the Company consummates an initial business combination or (ii) the date the Company liquidates if a Business Combination is not consummated. The July Note will be repaid only from amounts remaining outside of the Company’s Trust Account, if any. The proceeds will be used by the Company to pay various expenses of the Company, including the extension payments, and for general corporate purposes. On March 27, 2024, we issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of up to $600,000 (the “December Note”) to individuals or entities listed on the Note (the “Payees”). Pursuant to the December Note, the Payees agreed to loan to the Company an aggregate amount of up to $600,000 that shall be payable on the earlier of (i) the date on which the Company consummates an initial business combination as such term is defined in the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Business Combination”), or (ii) the date the Company liquidates if a Business Combination is not consummated. The December Note bears no interest rate. In the event that the Company does not consummate a Business Combination, the December Note will be repaid only from amounts remaining outside of the Company’s trust account, if any. The proceeds of the December Note will be used for the Company to pay various expenses of the Company and for general corporate purposes.

As of September 30, 2024, there were $1,287,944 of Working Capital Loans outstanding.

Table of Contents

If our estimate of the costs of identifying a target business, undertaking in-depth due diligence and negotiating an initial business combination are less than the actual amount necessary to do so, we may have insufficient funds available to operate our business prior to our initial business combination. Moreover, we may need to obtain additional financing either to complete our initial business combination or because we become obligated to redeem a significant number of our Public Shares upon completion of our initial business combination, in which case we may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such initial business combination.

Going Concern

We will need to raise additional capital through loans or additional investments from the Initial Stockholders and our officers and directors. The Initial Stockholders and our officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds, from time to time or at any time, in whatever amount they deem reasonable in their sole discretion, to meet our working capital needs. Accordingly, we may not be able to obtain additional financing. If we are unable to raise additional capital, we may be required to take additional measures to conserve liquidity, which could include, but not necessarily be limited to, curtailing operations, suspending the pursuit of a potential transaction, and reducing overhead expenses. We cannot provide any assurance that new financing will be available to us on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. If an initial business combination is not consummated by December 3, 2024, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern one year from the date that these financial statements are issued. We plan to address this uncertainty through working capital loans and through consummation of our initial business combination. There is no assurance that working capital loans will be available to the Company or that our plans to consummate a business combination will be successful; therefore, there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. There is no assurance that working capital loans will be available to us or that our plans to consummate an initial business combination will be successful.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no obligations, assets or liabilities, which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of September 30, 2024. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non-financial assets.

Contractual Obligations

We do not have any long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations or long-term liabilities, other than as described below.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were Working Capital Loans outstanding of $1,287,944 and $416,841, respectively.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of condensed financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have identified the following critical accounting policies:

Table of Contents

Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption

We account for our common stock subject to possible conversion in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within our control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. Our common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of our control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of our balance sheets.

Net (Loss) Income Per Common Share

We have two types of common stock – redeemable common stock and non-redeemable common stock. We calculate our earnings per share to allocate net (loss) income pro rata to redeemable and non-redeemable common stock. This presentation contemplates an initial business combination as the most likely outcome, in which case, both classes of common stock share pro rata in our (loss) income. Net (loss) income per common share is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. In order to determine the net (loss) income attributable to both the redeemable and non-redeemable common stock, we first considered the total (loss) income allocable to both sets of shares. This is calculated using the total net (loss) income less any dividends paid. For the purposes of calculating net (loss) income per share, any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the redeemable common stock subject to redemption and the excise tax calculated on the redemption of shares were considered to be dividends paid to the holders of the redeemable common stock. Subsequent to calculating the total (loss) income allocable to both sets of shares, we split the amount to be allocated pro rata between redeemable and non-redeemable common stock for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to make disclosures under this Item.

Table of Contents

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the chief executive officers and chief financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management evaluated, with the participation of our current chief executive officers and chief financial officer (our “Certifying Officers”), the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2024, pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Certifying Officers concluded that, as of September 30, 2024, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended September 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Table of Contents

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to make disclosures under this Item. We have provided a comprehensive list of risk factors in our Annual Report on Form 10 K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Table of Contents

Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.


No.		Description of Exhibit
10.1		Promissory Note dated March 27, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on March 28, 2024).
10.2		First Amendment to the Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated June 5, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on June 11, 2024)
10.3		Marketing Agreement dated May 21, 2023 between the Registrant and IDR Marketing, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on June 3, 2024)
10.4		Letter Agreement dated May 30, 2023, between the Registrant and New Era Helium Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on June 3, 2024)
31.1*		Certification of Principal Executive Officers Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15(d)-14(a), as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2*		Certification of Principal Accounting and Financial Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15(d)-14(a), as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1**		Certification of Principal Executive Officers Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2**		Certification of Principal Accounting and Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS*		Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (Embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit)

*	Filed herewith.

Furnished herewith. This certification is being furnished solely to accompany this report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filings of the registrant, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	ROTH CH ACQUISITION V CO.

Date: November 19, 2024	By:	/s/ Byron Roth
	Name:	Byron Roth
	Title:	Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-Chairman of the Board
		(Co-Principal Executive Officer)

Date: November 19, 2024	By:	/s/ John Lipman
	Name:	John Lipman
	Title:	Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-Chairman of the Board
		(Co-Principal Executive Officer)

Date: November 19, 2024	By:	/s/ Gordon Roth
	Name:	Gordon Roth
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)

Positive
Negative
Uncertain
Constraining
Legalese
Litigous
Readability	Coll freshman V bad

Roth CH Acquisition V (NEHC) 10-Q2024 Q3 Quarterly report

Content analysis