STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | NOTE 6 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Preferred Stock The Company is authorized to issue 5,000,000 shares of its $0.0001 par value preferred stock. The Company’s board of directors will have the authority to fix and determine the relative rights and preferences of preferred shares, as well as the authority to issue such shares, without further stockholder approval. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, no Common Stock 2023 Stock Repurchase Plan On March 20, 2023, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a stock repurchase program authorizing the purchase of up to $500,000 of the Company’s common stock until December 31, 2023 (the “2023 Stock Repurchase Program”). On January 1, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an extension of the previously announced stock repurchase program authorizing the purchase of up to $500,000 of the Company’s common stock until March 31, 2024. In connection with the 2023 Stock Repurchase Program, from January 1, 2024 to March 31, 2024, the Company purchased and cancelled 6,846 shares of its common stock for $19,602, or at an average price of $2.86 per share. Initial Public Offering On February 17, 2023, the Company completed the IPO and sold 140,563 shares of its common stock at a price to the public of $49.80 per share for gross proceeds of $7,000,000. The Company received net proceeds of $5,958,470 which is net of offering expenses of $1,041,530. Additionally, the Company reclassified deferred offering costs of $202,599 which were paid and deferred as of December 31, 2022 as a charge to additional paid in capital as equity issuance costs. In connection with the IPO, the Company issued 11,245 warrants to the placement agent. The warrants are exercisable at $54.78 per share and expire on February 14, 2028. The fair value of these warrant of $3,657,258 was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: dividend yield of 0%; expected volatility of 69.8%; risk-free interest rate of 4.03%; and an estimated holding period of 5 years. These warrants had no financial statement impact as they were considered to be equity issuance costs. Private Placement On March 13, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with an institutional investor (“the “Purchaser”) for the issuance and sale in a private placement (the “Private Placement”) of aggregate Units consisting of (i) 108,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, (ii) series A warrants to purchase up to 628,367 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Series A Warrants”), and (iii) series B warrants to purchase up to 628,367 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Series B Warrants” and together with the Series A Warrants, the “Common Warrants”). The purchase price of each Unit consisted of one share of the Company’s common stock and associated Common Warrants, was $5.57 per Unit for aggregate gross proceeds of $601,560. Additionally, the Company sold pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 520,367 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”). Pre-funded Warrants are a type of warrant that allows the warrant holder to purchase a specified number of a company’s securities at a nominal exercise price. The purchase price of each Pre-Funded Warrant was $5.569 for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,897,924. In connection with this Private Placement, the Company raised aggregate gross proceeds of $3,499,484 and received net proceeds of $3,056,984, net of offering costs paid to the placement agent (see below) of $382,500 and legal fees of $60,000, which were charged to additional paid-in capital against the gross proceeds. The Company is using the net proceeds received from the Private Placement for general corporate purposes and working capital. The Common Warrants are exercisable immediately upon issuance at an exercise price of $5.50 per share. The Series A Warrants will expire five and one-half years from the date of issuance and the Series B Warrants will expire twenty-four months from the date of issuance. The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately upon issuance at a nominal exercise price of $0.001 and may be exercised at any time until the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full. A holder of Pre-Funded Warrants or Common Warrants (together with its affiliates) may not exercise any portion of a warrant to the extent that the holder would own more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder 9.99%) of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise. In connection with the Private Placement, the Company entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), dated as of March 13, 2024, with the Purchaser, pursuant to which the Company agreed to prepare and file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“Wainwright”) acted as the Company’s exclusive placement agent in connection with the Private Placement, pursuant to that certain engagement letter, dated as of March 7, 2024 and as amended on March 13, 2024, between the Company and Wainwright (the “Engagement Letter”). Pursuant to the Engagement Letter, the Company paid Wainwright (i) a total cash fee equal to 7.5% of the aggregate gross proceeds of the Private Placement and (ii) a management fee of 1.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds of the Private Placement. In addition, the Company agreed to pay Wainwright certain expenses and issued to Wainwright or its designees warrants (the “Placement Agent Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 47,128 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $6.9625 per share. The Placement Agent Warrants are exercisable immediately upon issuance and have a term of exercise equal to five and a half years from the date of issuance. The fair value of the Placement Agent Warrants of $318,900 was calculated using the Binomial Lattice valuation model, which is considered an offering cost and is netted against the net proceeds received. In addition, pursuant to the Engagement Letter, the Company agreed that upon any exercise for cash of any privately placed warrants issued to investors in an offering covered by the Engagement Letter, the Company shall (i) pay Wainwright a cash fee of 7.5% and a management fee of 1.0% of the aggregate gross exercise paid in cash with respect thereto, and (ii) issue warrants to purchase that number of shares of common stock equal to 7.5% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock underlying the warrants that were exercised. The Placement Agent Warrants were valued on the date of issuance using Binomial Lattice valuation model with the following assumptions: March 15, 2024 Dividend rate — % Term (in years) 5.5 years Volatility 186.5 % Risk—free interest rate 4.33 % The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury rates at the date of issuance with a maturity date approximately equal to the expected life at issuance date. Volatility is based on historical and expected future volatility of the Company’s common stock. The Company has not historically issued any dividends and does not expect to in the future. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan On March 30, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized and adopted the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2022 Plan”) and reserved 208,333 shares of common stock for issuance thereunder. The 2022 Plan was approved by shareholders on March 30, 2022. The 2022 Plan’s purpose is to encourage ownership in the Company by employees, officers, directors and consultants whose long-term service the Company considers essential to its continued progress and, thereby, encourage recipients to act in the stockholders’ interest and share in the Company’s success. The 2022 Plan provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and other stock-based awards. Stock Options On February 14, 2023, the Company granted aggregate stock options to purchase 33,333 of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $49.80 per share to the Company’s chief executive officer, an executive officer, and employee and consultants pursuant to the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The grant date of the stock options was February 14, 2023 and the options expire on February 14, 2033. The options vest as to (i) 28,333 of such options on February 14, 2023; and (ii) the remaining 5,000 options vest quarterly (417 each quarter) beginning on May 14, 2023 and each quarter thereafter through February 14, 2026. The stock options were valued at $1,023,290 on the grant date using a Black-Scholes option pricing model which will be recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period. On March 6, 2023, the Company granted stock options to purchase 5,000 of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $49.80 per share to the Company’s board of directors pursuant to the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The grant date of the stock options was March 6, 2023 and the options expire on March 6, 2028. The options vest on the one-year anniversary of the stock option grant on March 6, 2024. The stock options were valued at the grant date using a Black-Scholes option pricing model which will be recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period. The stock options were valued at $33,972 on the grant date using a Black-Scholes option pricing model which will be recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period. On March 5, 2024, the Company granted stock options to purchase an aggregate of 6,249 (2,083 stock options to each director) shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $6.00 per share to the Company’s board of directors pursuant to the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The grant date of the stock options was March 5, 2024 and the options expire on March 5, 2029. The options vest on the one-year anniversary of the stock option grant on March 5, 2025. The stock options were valued on the grant date at an aggregate fair value of $33,880 using a Black-Scholes option pricing model which will be recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period. On March 7, 2024, the Company entered into Advisory Board Agreements (the Advisory Agreements”) with three members of the Company’s Medical Advisory Board. In connection with the Advisory Agreements, each medical Board member shall be paid an annual cash fee of $40,000 paid quarterly, and Company shall grant each Medical Advisory Board member stock options to purchase 4,167 shares of the Company’s common stock. As of the date of this report, the Company has not granted these options and the terms of the options are unknown. The stock options will be valued on the grant date using a Black-Scholes option pricing model which will be recognized as stock-based professional fees over the vesting period. The stock options were valued at the grant date using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: Three Months Ended Three Months Ended Dividend rate — % — % Term (in years) 3.0 years 3.0 to 6.0 years Volatility 184.6 % 68.8% to 71.6 % Risk—free interest rate 4.32 % 3.95% to 4.00 % The expected terms of the options are based on evaluations of historical and expected future employee exercise behavior using the simplified method. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury rates at the date of grant with maturity dates approximately equal to the expected life at grant date. Volatility is based on historical and expected future volatility of the Company’s common stock. The Company has not historically issued any dividends and does not expect to in the future. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized total stock-based expenses related to stock options of $15,806 and $870,572, respectively, which has been reflected in general and administrative expenses on the statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of March 31, 2024, a balance of $138,982 remains to be expensed over future vesting periods related to unvested stock options issued for services to be expensed over a weighted average period of 1.75 years. Stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized as follows: Number of Weighted Weighted Balance on December 31, 2023 38,334 $ 49.80 8.49 Granted 6,249 6.00 - Balance on March 31, 2024 44,583 $ 43.66 7.77 Options exercisable on March 31, 2024 35,001 $ 49.80 8.17 Weighted average fair value of options granted during the period - $ 5.82 - On March 31, 2024, the aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding was $875. Stock Warrants In connection with the IPO, in February 2023, the Company issued 11,245 fully vested warrants to the placement agent. The warrants are exercisable at $54.78 per share and expire on February 14, 2028. The warrants were considered equity issuance costs; therefore, there was no financial statement impact for the grant during the year ended December 31, 2023. On March 13, 2024, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with an institutional investor (“the “Purchaser”) for the issuance and sale in a private placement (the “Private Placement”) of aggregate Units consisting of (i) 108,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, (ii) series A warrants to purchase up to 628,367 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Series A Warrants”), and (iii) series B warrants to purchase up to 628,367 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Series B Warrants” and together with the Series A Warrants, the “Common Warrants”). Additionally, the Company sold pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 520,367 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”). Pre-funded Warrants are a type of warrant that allows the warrant holder to purchase a specified number of a company’s securities at a nominal exercise price. The Common Warrants are exercisable immediately upon issuance at an exercise price of $5.50 per share. The Series A Warrants will expire five and one-half years from the date of issuance and the Series B Warrants will expire twenty-four months from the date of issuance. The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately upon issuance at a nominal exercise price of $0.001 and may be exercised at any time until the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full. A holder of Pre-Funded Warrants or Common Warrants (together with its affiliates) may not exercise any portion of a warrant to the extent that the holder would own more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder 9.99%) of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise. Additionally, in connection with the Private Placement, the Company issued 47,128 placement agent warrants, which are exercisable for a period of five and one-half years from the issuance date at an original exercise price of $6.9625 per share. The fair value of the Placement Agent Warrants of $318,900 was calculated using the Binomial Lattice valuation model, which is considered an offering cost and is netted against the net proceeds received (See Private Placement above). Warrant activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized as follows: Number of Weighted Weighted Aggregate Balance Outstanding, December 31, 2023 11,245 $ 54.78 4.13 $ - Granted 1,824,229 3.97 - - Balance Outstanding, March 31, 2024 1,835,474 $ 4.28 4.19 $ 3,998,843 Exercisable, March 31, 2024 1,835,474 $ 4.28 4.19 $ 3,998,843 |