Plutus Financial F1 Registration statement

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 31, 2024.

Registration No. 333- _______

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM F-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

Plutus Financial Group Limited

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Not Applicable
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

Cayman Islands	6200	Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of	(Primary Standard Industrial	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Classification Code Number)	Identification Number)

8/F, 80 Gloucester Road

Wan Chai, Hong Kong

(852) 2968 1192
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s principal executive offices)

The Crone Law Group P.C.

500 Fifth Ave, Suite 938

New York, NY 10110

Phone: (646) 861-7891
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to:

Mark E. Crone, Esq.

Joe Laxague, Esq.

The Crone Law Group, P.C.

500 Fifth Avenue, Suite 928

New York, New York 10110

(775) 234-5221

Benjamin A. Tan, Esq.

Sichenzia Ross Ference Carmel LLP

1185 Avenue of the Americas, 31st Floor

New York, NY 10036

(212)-930-9700

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:
as soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☐

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.

Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to such Section 8(a), may determine.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This Registration Statement contains two prospectuses, as set forth below.

●

Public Offering Prospectus. A prospectus to be used for the public offering of 2,100,000 Ordinary Shares of the Registrant (the “Public Offering Prospectus”) through the underwriter named on the cover page of the Public Offering Prospectus.

●

Resale Prospectus. A prospectus to be used for the resale by the Selling Stockholders of up to 1,680,000 Ordinary Shares of the Registrant (the “Resale Prospectus”).

The Resale Prospectus is substantively identical to the Public Offering Prospectus, except for the following principal points:

	●	they contain different outside and inside front covers and back covers;

	●	they contain different Offering sections in the Prospectus Summary section beginning on page 1;

	●	they contain different Use of Proceeds sections on page Alt-11;

	●	a Selling Shareholder section is included in the Resale Prospectus; and

	●	the Underwriting section from the Public Offering Prospectus on page 143 is deleted and replaced with a Selling Stockholders Plan of Distribution section on Alt-9 is inserted in its place.

	●	the Capitalization and Dilution section is deleted in the Resale Prospectus

The Registrant has included in this Registration Statement a set of alternate pages after the back-cover page of the Public Offering Prospectus (the “Alternate Pages”) to reflect the foregoing differences in the Resale Prospectus as compared to the Public Offering Prospectus. The Public Offering Prospectus will exclude the Alternate Pages and will be used for the public offering by the Registrant. The Resale Prospectus will be substantively identical to the Public Offering Prospectus except for the addition or substitution of the Alternate Pages and will be used for the resale offering by the Selling Stockholders.

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The Company may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and the Company is not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS, DATED January 31, 2024

Plutus Financial Group Limited

2,100,000 Ordinary Shares

This is the initial public offering, or the “offering,” of up to 3,780,000 Ordinary Shares, par value US$0.0001 per share (each, an “Ordinary Share”, collectively, “Ordinary Shares”) of Plutus Financial Group Limited, a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability whose principal place of business is in Hong Kong. Up to 1,680,000 Ordinary Shares may be offered for resale or otherwise or otherwise disposed of by each stockholder named in the separate Resale Prospectus (the “Selling Stockholders”) in an amount equal to 100% of the shares held by each Selling Stockholder. In addition, 2,100,000 Ordinary Shares are being sold by the Company on a firm commitment underwritten basis.

The sale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares is conditioned upon the successful completion of the sale of the Ordinary Shares by the Company in the underwritten primary offering. Sales by Selling Stockholders prior to the listing of our ordinary shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market, if any, will be at a fixed price of $5.00 per share. Following listing of our shares on the Nasdaq, the per share public offering price of the Ordinary Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders will be the then-prevailing market price. The successful listing of our shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market is a condition to the closing of our underwritten primary offering and the secondary offering by our selling stockholders. The registration of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares does not mean that the selling stockholders will offer or sell any of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares. We will not receive any proceeds from any sale or disposition of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares. In addition, we will pay all fees and expenses incident to the registration of the resale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares. The selling stockholders may offer their shares from time to time directly or through one or more broker-dealers or agents at market prices prevailing at the time of sale. However, the Selling Stockholders will not sell any Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares until after the closing of the underwritten primary offering. The offering by the Selling Stockholders will remain open for 180 days following the date of this prospectus. For additional information on the possible methods of sale that may be used by the selling stockholders, you should refer to the section of this prospectus entitled “Selling Stockholders—Plan of Distribution”.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the Ordinary Shares of Plutus Group. Plutus Group expects that the initial public offering price will be between US$4.00 and US$6.00 per Ordinary Share. It intends to list the Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “PLUT” However, there is no assurance that the offering will be closed and that the Ordinary Shares of Plutus Group will be trading on Nasdaq Capital Market.

Plutus Financial Group Limited is an “emerging growth company” under applicable U.S. federal securities laws and is eligible for reduced public company reporting requirements.

Upon the completion of this offering, the Company will have 14,100,000 Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding. The Company’s founder, Zhisheng Zhao, and its CEO, Ting Kin Cheung, will together beneficially own 10,320,000 Ordinary Shares, representing 73.2% of the total voting power of the Company’s issued and outstanding share capital immediately following the completing of this offering assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option, or 71.6% of the Company’s total voting power if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full. Each Ordinary Share is entitled to one vote.

Investing in the Company’s Ordinary Shares involves a high degree of risk.

Investors in our Ordinary Shares are not purchasing equity securities in our subsidiaries that conduct substantive business operations in Hong Kong. Instead, investors in this offering are purchasing equity securities of a Cayman Islands holding company. We are a Cayman Islands holding company that conducts all of our operations and operates our businesses in Hong Kong through our Hong Kong operating subsidiaries. Such structure involves unique risks to investors in our Ordinary Shares. Pursuant to the “long arm” provisions of the laws and regulations of the mainland PRC, as discussed in more detail in this Prospectus, investors face some risk that PRC authorities could disallow this structure, which would result in a material adverse effect on our operations and would cause the value of our Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless. Please refer to the Risk Factor entitled: “Substantially all operations of the Company’s operating subsidiaries are in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the PRC. However, due to the long arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations . . .” under the section entitled “Risk Factors” for more information.

Pursuant to the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“HFCAA”), the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”) issued a Determination Report on December 16, 2021 which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (1) mainland China of the People’s Republic of China because of a position taken by one or more authorities in mainland China; and (2) Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region and dependency of the PRC, because of a position taken by one or more authorities in Hong Kong. In addition, the PCAOB’s report identified the specific registered public accounting firms which are subject to these determinations. The Company’s registered public accounting firm, WWC, P.C., is headquartered in San Mateo, CA, is not headquartered in mainland China or Hong Kong, and was not identified in this report as a firm subject to the PCAOB’s determination. On August 26, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it had signed a Statement of Protocol (the “SOP”) with the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Finance of China. The SOP, together with two protocol agreements governing inspections and investigations (together, the “SOP Agreement”), establishes a specific, accountable framework to make possible complete inspections and investigations by the PCAOB of audit firms based in mainland China and Hong Kong, as required under U.S. law. The SOP Agreement remains unpublished and is subject to further explanation and implementation. Pursuant to the fact sheet with respect to the SOP Agreement disclosed by the SEC, the PCAOB shall have sole discretion to select any audit firms for inspection or investigation and the PCAOB inspectors and investigators shall have a right to see all audit documentation without redaction. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB issued a new Determination Report which: (1) vacated the December 16, 2021 Determination Report; and (2) concluded that the PCAOB has been able to conduct inspections and investigations completely in the PRC in 2022. The December 15, 2022 Determination Report cautions, however, that authorities in the PRC might take positions at any time that would prevent the PCAOB from continuing to inspect or investigate completely. As required by the HFCAA, if in the future the PCAOB determines it no longer can inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the PRC, the PCAOB will act expeditiously to consider whether it should issue a new determination. Should the PCAOB determine in the future that positions taken by authorities in the PRC have obstructed its ability to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms in mainland China and Hong Kong completely, then the companies audited by those registered public accounting firms would be subject to a trading prohibition on U.S. markets pursuant to the HFCA Act. In such an event, you may be deprived of the benefits of such inspection which could result in limitation or restriction to the Company’s access to the U.S. capital markets and trading of its securities may be prohibited under the HFCAA. See Risk Factor –” Although the audit report included in this prospectus was issued by U.S. auditors headquartered in San Mateo, California who are currently inspected by the PCAOB, if it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate the Company’s auditor completely, investors would be deprived of the benefits of such inspection and the Ordinary Shares of the Company may be delisted or prohibited from trading.”

All operations of the Company are primarily located in Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”), and therefore, the Company may be subject to unique risks due to uncertainty of the interpretation and the application of the PRC laws and regulations. In addition, the Company does not expect to be materially affected by recent statements by the PRC government indicating an intent to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers, including, but not limited to, the cybersecurity review and regulatory review of overseas listing of its Ordinary Shares through an offshore holding company. However, due to long arm-provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, there remains regulatory uncertainty with respect to the implementation and interpretation of laws in China. The Company is also subject to the risks of uncertainty about any future actions of the PRC government or authorities in Hong Kong in this regard.

Should the PRC government choose to exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of the Company’s business, they may intervene in or influence the Company’s operations. Such governmental actions:

	●	could result in a material change in the Company’s operations;
	●	could hinder its ability to continue to offer its securities to investors; and
	●	may cause the value of the Company’s Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless.

The Company is aware that recently, the PRC government has initiated a series of regulatory actions and new policies to regulate business operations in certain areas in China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over China-based companies listed overseas using a variable interest entity (“VIE”) structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. Since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on Plutus Group’s daily business operation, its ability to accept foreign investments and the listing of its Ordinary Shares on U.S. or other foreign exchanges. These actions could result in a material change in Plutus Group’s operations and could significantly limit or completely hinder its ability to complete this offering or cause the value of its Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless. See “Prospectus Summary — Substantially all operations of the operating subsidiaries are in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the PRC. However, due to the long arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government may exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of Plutus Group’s business and may intervene in or influence its operations at any time, which could result in a material change in Plutus Group’s operations and/or the value of its Ordinary Shares. The PRC government may also intervene or impose restrictions on Plutus Group’s ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends or to reinvest in its business outside of Hong Kong. Changes in the policies, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of the PRC government may also be quick with little advance notice and the Company’s assertions and beliefs of the risk imposed by the PRC legal and regulatory system cannot be certain.” Beginning on page 10.

As of the date of this prospectus, the operations of Plutus Group in Hong Kong and its registered public offering in the United States are not subject to the review nor prior approval of the Cyberspace Administration of China (the “CAC”) nor the China Securities Regulatory Commission (the “CSRC”). Uncertainties still exist, however, due to the possibility that laws, regulations, or policies in the PRC could change rapidly in the future. In the event that (i) the PRC government expanded the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC and that Plutus Group is required to obtain such permissions or approvals, or (ii) Plutus Group inadvertently concluded that relevant permissions or approvals were not required or that Plutus Group did not receive or maintain relevant permissions or approvals required, any action taken by the PRC government could significantly limit or completely hinder operations of Plutus Group in Hong Kong and its ability to offer or continue to offer its Ordinary Shares to investors and could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

The Company’s operating subsidiaries are located in Hong Kong and the Company has no subsidiary, VIE structure, or any direct operations in mainland China. Pursuant to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the “Basic Law”), which is a national law of the PRC and constitutional document for Hong Kong, national laws of the PRC shall not be applied in Hong Kong except for those listed in Annex III of the Basic Law (which is confined to laws relating to defense and foreign affairs, as well as other matters outside the autonomy of Hong Kong). Pursuant to the long arm provisions under current PRC laws and regulations, however, the PRC government could exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business and may intervene in or influence our operations at any time. Such oversight and discretion, if exercised in the future, could significantly limit or completely hinder the Company’s ability to complete this offering or cause the value of its Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless. Currently, the Company is not required to obtain permissions or approvals from any PRC authorities to issue its Ordinary Shares to foreign investors. The PRC government, however, holds sovereign authority over Hong Kong and could choose in the future to expand the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC. In the event that we have incorrectly concluded CRSC or CAC permissions or approvals were not required for this offering and we fail to receive or maintain such permissions or approvals, any action taken by the PRC government could significantly limit or completely hinder our operations in Hong Kong and our ability to offer or continue to offer our Ordinary Shares to investors, thereby causing the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

Transfers of Cash To and From Our Operating Subsidiaries

As a holding company, we will rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our operating subsidiaries for our cash and financing requirements. We are permitted under the laws of the Cayman Islands and our memorandum and articles of association (as amended from time to time) to provide funding to our subsidiaries incorporated in the BVI and Hong Kong, through loans or capital contributions. Our BVI subsidiaries are permitted under the laws of the BVI to provide funding to us through dividend distribution subject to certain restrictions laid down in the BVI Business Companies Act 2004 (as amended) and memorandum and articles of association of our BVI subsidiaries. Our subsidiaries (other than our Cayman Islands and BVI subsidiaries) are permitted under the respective laws of Hong Kong to provide funding to us through dividend without restrictions on the amount of the funds, other than as limited by the amount of their distributable earnings. However, to the extent cash is in our Hong Kong operating subsidiaries, there is a possibility that the funds may not be available to fund our operations or for other uses outside of the Hong Kong due to interventions or the imposition of restrictions and limitations by the Hong Kong government on the ability to transfer cash. If any of our subsidiaries incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing such debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends to us. In addition, despite the general protections afforded by the Basic law, due to ‘long arm’ provisions under current PRC laws and regulations, there remains regulatory uncertainty with respect to the implementation and interpretation of laws in China. There is no assurance that the PRC government will not intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to transfer cash into or out of Hong Kong. The PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong and on our ability to move money into Hong Kong to fund our business operation and to satisfy our investment needs in Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business within and outside of Hong Kong and may also affect our ability to transfer and receive funds to and from our operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong. There is no assurance that the PRC government will not intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to transfer cash into or out of China, including Hong Kong. (Please see – Risk Factor – “There is no assurance that the PRC government will not intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to transfer cash into or out of Hong Kong,” at Page 39.) We do not have a formal cash management policy that dictates how funds are transferred.

The structure of cash flows within our organization, and a summary of the applicable regulations, are as follows:

1. Our equity structure is a direct holding structure, that is, the entity issuing Ordinary Shares in this offering is Plutus Financial Group Limited, an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands with limited liability. Plutus Financial Group Limited, the issuer in this offering, holds wholly-owned direct subsidiaries organized in the British Virgin Islands, who in turn hold wholly-owned operating subsidiaries incorporated and operating in Hong Kong. See “Corporate History and Structure” for additional details.

2. Within our direct holding structure, the cross-border transfer of funds within our corporate group is legal and compliant with the laws and regulations of Hong Kong, the BVI and the Cayman Islands. After investors’ funds enter Plutus Financial Group limited, the funds can be directly transferred to Plutus Financial Holdings Limited (BVI), Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited and Plutus Investments Holdings International Limited. Plutus Financial Holdings Limited (BVI) can then transfer the funds to One Promise Investment Immigration Consulting Limited (formerly known as Plutus Financial Holdings Limited) (HK). Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited can then transfer the funds to Plutus Securities Limited. Plutus Investments Holdings International Limited can then transfer the funds to Plutus Asset Management Limited and Plutus Asset Management Cayman Limited.

If the Company intends to distribute dividends, Plutus Asset Management Limited and Plutus Asset Management Cayman Limited will transfer the dividends to Plutus Investments Holdings International Limited in accordance with the laws and regulations of Hong Kong and Cayman Islands; Plutus Securities Limited will transfer the dividends to Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited in accordance with the laws and regulations of Hong Kong; One Promise Investment Immigration Consulting Limited (HK) will transfer the dividends to Plutus Financial Holdings Limited (BVI) in accordance with the laws and regulations of Hong Kong. Plutus Financial Holdings Limited (BVI), Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited and Plutus Investments Holdings International Limited will transfer the funds to Plutus Financial Group limited in accordance with the laws and regulations of the BVI. Plutus Financial Group limited will then transfer the dividends to all of its shareholders respectively in proportion to the Ordinary Shares they hold in accordance with the laws and regulations of the Cayman Islands, regardless of whether the shareholders are U.S. investors or investors in other countries or regions. We currently intend to retain our net earnings for use in expanding our business, and do not foresee distributing shareholder dividends in the near future.

3. The Company declared a special dividend of HK$24,451,000 on August 30, 2022. The Company was wholly-owned by Mr. Zhisheng Zhao through Radiant Global Ventures Limited and Divine Star Ventures Limited on August 30, 2022. The Company did not pay out funds for the dividend. Instead, the special dividend was offset by the amount due from Mr. Zhisheng Zhao. The amount due from Mr. Zhisheng Zhao was decreased by HK$24,451,000 after declaration of the special dividend. Except as disclosed above, during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and the six months ended June 30, 2023, and through the date of this prospectus, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has paid dividends or made distributions to any investors. No funds have been transferred by any of the holding companies to their respective subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, and the six months ended June 30, 2023 and through the date of this prospectus, to fund their business operations. In the future, any cash proceeds raised from overseas financing activities may be transferred by us to our subsidiaries via capital contribution or shareholder loans.

4. Our Hong Kong operating subsidiaries’ ability to distribute dividends is based upon their distributable earnings. Currently, the Companies Ordinance of Hong Kong permits our Hong Kong operating subsidiaries to pay dividends to their respective shareholders only out of their accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with applicable accounting standards and regulations.

This prospectus does not constitute, and there will not be, an offering of securities to the public in the Cayman Islands.

	Per Share	Total
Initial public offering price	US$	US$	10,500,000
Underwriting discounts and commissions (7%) for sales to investors introduced by the underwriter ⁽¹⁾	US$	US$	735,000
Proceeds, before expenses, to us ⁽²⁾	US$	US$	9,765,000

(1)	The Company has agreed to pay the underwriters a fee equal to 7% of the gross proceeds of the offering. See “Underwriting” for additional disclosure regarding underwriting compensation payable by us.

(2)	The total estimated expenses related to this offering are set forth in the section entitled “Underwriting – Discounts, Commissions and Expenses.”

The underwriters are selling 2,100,000 Ordinary Shares (or 2,4155,000 Ordinary Shares if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full) in this Offering on a firm commitment basis. The Company has granted the underwriters an option, exercisable for 45 days following the effective date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an additional fifteen percent (15%) of the Ordinary Shares offered in this offering on the same terms to cover over-allotments. The Registration Statement of which this prospectus is a part also covers the Ordinary Shares issuable upon the exercise thereof. For additional information regarding the Company’s arrangement with the underwriters, please see “Underwriting” beginning on page 143.

The underwriters expect to deliver the Ordinary Shares against payment in U.S. dollars to purchasers on or about [__________], 2023.

Neither the United States Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

Prospectus dated January 31, 2024

TABLE OF CONTENTS

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any related free-writing prospectus. The Company has not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus or in any related free-writing prospectus. The Company is offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, the Ordinary Shares only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of the Ordinary Shares.

The Company has not taken any action to permit a public offering of the Ordinary Shares outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus or any filed free writing prospectus outside the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus or any filed free writing prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to the offering of the Ordinary Shares and the distribution of this prospectus or any filed free writing prospectus outside the United States.

This prospectus includes statistical and other industry and market data that the Company obtained from industry publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Industry publications and third-party research, surveys and studies generally indicate that their information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. While Plutus Group believes these industry publications and third-party research, surveys and studies are reliable, you are cautioned not to give undue weight to this information.

Until [__________], 2023 (the 25^th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that buy, sell or trade Ordinary Shares, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the obligation of dealers to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

COMMONLY USED DEFINED TERMS

●	“Company” or “Plutus Group” refer to Plutus Financial Group Limited, a Cayman Islands exempted company

●	“Hong Kong” refers to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China;

●	“IPO” refers to an initial public offering of securities;

●	“Plutus Securities” refers to the Company’s indirect operating subsidiary, Plutus Securities Limited, a Hong Kong company that holds a license to carry out Type 1 (dealing in securities) regulated activities from the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong and is an exchange participant of The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited and provides securities brokerage, margin financing and underwriting and placing services;

●	“Plutus Asset Management” refers to the Company’s indirect operating subsidiary, Plutus Asset Management Limited, a Hong Kong company that holds a license to carry out Type 4 (advising on securities) regulated activities and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities from the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong and provides investment advisory and asset management services;

●	“SFC” refers to the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong;

●	“SFO” refers to the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong);

●	“shares”, “Shares” or “Ordinary Shares” refer to the Ordinary Shares of Plutus Financial Group Limited, par value $0.0001 per share;

●	“U.S. dollars,” “dollars,” “USD,” US$, or “$” refers to the legal currency of the United States;

●	“HKD” or “HK$” refers to Hong Kong Dollars, the official currency of Hong Kong.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The Company have made statements in this prospectus, including under “Prospectus Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “The Company’s Business” and elsewhere that constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements about the Company’s plans, objectives, expectations, assumptions or future events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “could” and similar expressions denoting uncertainty or an action that may, will or is expected to occur in the future. These statements involve estimates, assumptions, known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

Examples of forward-looking statements include:

●

the timing of the development of future services;

●

projections of revenue, earnings, capital structure and other financial items;

●

statements regarding the capabilities of the Company’s business operations;

●

statements of expected future economic performance;

●

statements regarding competition in the market the Company is operating; and

●

assumptions underlying statements regarding us or its business.

The ultimate correctness of these forward-looking statements depends upon a number of known and unknown risks and events. The Company discusses its known material risks under the heading “Risk Factors” above. Many factors could cause its actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in its forward-looking statements. Consequently, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and, except as required by law, the Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. In addition, the Company cannot assess the impact of each factor on its business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

The following summary is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with, the more detailed information and financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. In addition to this summary, the Company urges you to read the entire prospectus carefully, especially the risks of investing in the Company’s Ordinary Shares discussed under “Risk Factors,” before deciding whether to buy the Ordinary Shares.

The Mission of Plutus Group

“Integrity, Persistence, Professionalism, Innovation and Vitality” are the five core values of Plutus Group. The Company takes “Integrity” as the foundation of our business, “Persistence” as everything customer-oriented, and it provide customers with “Professional” products and quality services. The Company’s business strategy is to practice “Innovation” and “Vigor” in service to its customers.

The Company has a development vision is to become a leading Asian financial institution. The Company believes that its greatest responsibility is to create common good with society. The Company will continue to use its influence on financial markets to create a new paradigm.

What We Do

Plutus Group provides financial services through its primary Hong Kong operating subsidiaries, Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management. Plutus Securities is licensed with the SFC to carry out Type 1 (dealing in securities) regulated activities and mainly offers (i) securities dealings and brokerage services; (ii) margin financing services; and (iii) underwriting and placing services and is also an exchange participant of the HKEx. Plutus Asset Management is licensed with the SFC to carry out Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities in Hong Kong and mainly offers (i) asset management services and (ii) investment advisory services to our customers.

Our team is familiar with the local and global financial markets and has extensive experience in investment and asset management. Through comprehensive training and our dedication to quality services, our team provides customers with comprehensive professional analysis and investment advice.

Corporate History and Structure

Plutus Group is a holding company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands on January 12, 2022. The Company’s beneficial shareholders are Zhisheng Zhao and Ting Kin Cheung, who hold their ownership through two British Virgin Islands holding companies. The Company’s direct subsidiaries are: (i) Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited, a British Virgin Islands company; (ii) Plutus Investment Holdings International Limited, a British Virgin Islands company; and (iii) Plutus Financial Holdings Limited, a British Virgin Islands company. Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited and Plutus Investment Holdings International Limited are holding companies incorporated on February 8, 2022. Plutus Financial Holdings Limited is a holding company incorporated on February 11, 2019.

Plutus Group operates its business through its indirect operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong. Below is a list of our material operating subsidiaries:

●

Plutus Securities Limited is a Hong Kong subsidiary wholly owned by Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited and established on April 20, 2018. Plutus Securities Limited holds a Type 1 (dealing in securities) license from the Securities and Futures Commission (the “SFC”) of Hong Kong (License No.: BNJ530) and is an exchange participant of the HKEx (Certificate No.: P2003) and offers customers with trading, margin financing and securities custody and nominee services.

●

Plutus Asset Management Limited is a Hong Kong subsidiary wholly owned by Plutus Investment Holdings International Limited and established on April 20, 2018. Plutus Asset Management Limited is licensed to conduct Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities (License No.: BNJ533) under the SFC of Hong Kong, and provides professional asset management services and develops comprehensive investment strategies for customers.

The following diagram illustrates our corporate structure as of the date of this prospectus, including our principal subsidiaries and their respective principal subsidiaries. The issuer in this offering is Plutus Financial Group Limited, a Cayman Islands exempted company. Our operations are conducted primarily through the Hong Kong entities Plutus Securities Limited and Plutus Asset Management Limited, which are indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of the issuer.

Operating Subsidiaries

Our business and financial results are contributed primarily by our two operating subsidiaries, namely Plutus Securities Limited and Plutus Asset Management Limited.

Plutus Securities Limited

Plutus Securities is licensed with the SFC to carry out Type 1 (dealing in securities) regulated activities and is an exchange participant of the HKEx and mainly offers (i) securities dealings and brokerage services; (ii) margin financing services; and (iii) underwriting and placing services.

Plutus Asset Management Limited

Plutus Asset Management is licensed with the SFC to carry out Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities in Hong Kong and mainly offers (i) asset management services and (ii) investment advisory services to our customers.

Holding Companies

As of the date of this Prospectus, Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited, Plutus Investment Holdings International Limited, Plutus Asset Management Cayman Limited, Plutus Financial Holdings Limited (BVI), and One Promise Investment Immigration Consulting Limited (HK) act as investment holding companies.

Our Revenue Model

Plutus Securities

Securities Dealing and Brokerage Services

The Company provides its securities dealings and brokerage services through Plutus Securities. Plutus Securities offers securities dealing and brokerage services for trading in securities on the stock exchange of Hong Kong, such as scrip handling and settlement services, account maintenance services, nominee and corporate action services and related services. Plutus Securities maintains securities trading accounts with external brokers and is required to pay brokerage commissions and fees to them for orders it placed with them on behalf of its customers.

Our customers are mainly high net worth individuals and private companies and are mainly sourced by referrals through our management’s network and our existing customers.

During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2023, our securities dealing and brokerage services represents 1) the commissions generated from the execution of the trades in securities on the stock exchange of Hong Kong of our customers, and 2) the handling fee for subscription for the securities under IPO offering.

The revenue arising from the commissions generated from the execution of trades in securities by our customers amounted to HK$710,000 and HK$1,750,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. We earned these commissions from both individual customers and external brokers. We received the commissions of HK$10,000 and HK$8,000 from external brokers for the placement of underlying trading volume of approximately HK$25 million and HK$35 million during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. The revenue arising from handling fees amounted to HK$1,206,000 and HK$162,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. We earned handling fees from both individual customers and external brokers. We received handling fees of HK$1,100,000 and nil from external brokers for the placement of orders during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. These handling fees primarily represent handling fees for subscriptions for securities under IPO offerings.

The revenue arising from the commissions generated from the execution of trades in securities by our customers amounted to HK$808,000 and HK$2,809,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The total volume of the execution of trades are HK$469 million and HK$1,491 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. We earned these commissions from both individual customers and external brokers. We received the commissions of HK$6,000 and HK$1,000 from external brokers for the placement of underlying trading volume of approximately HK$19 million and HK$4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The revenue arising from handling fees amounted to HK$43,000 and HK$158,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. We earned handling fees from individual customers only and no handling fees were earned from external brokers during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2023.

Underwriting and Placing Services

Plutus Securities provides underwriting, sub-underwriting services in IPOs by acting as book runner, lead manager, syndicate or underwriter in IPOs for listing applicants. Plutus Securities may also act as placement agent or sub-placing agent for secondary market fund raising exercises, such as debt issuance and equity issuance by listed companies. When Plutus Securities acts as underwriter and placement agent, it will take the lead in providing the services of sourcing the investors or lenders and its commission will be received from the equity and debt issuers based on funds raised. When acting as sub-underwriter and sub-placing agent, Plutus Securities will also provide the service of sourcing the investors and lenders, and for such cases, its commission will be received from the underwriter and placing agent based on funds raised from the investors or lenders sourced by Plutus Securities. For cases in which Plutus Securities is involved to provide underwriting services in IPOs for listing applicants, we are obliged to take up the unsubscribed offered shares up to our agreed maximum underwriting commitment.

Plutus Securities’ underwriting and placing commissions vary from case by case and are determined after arm’s length negotiations with each customer (IPO listing applicants and listed companies), with reference to the size of the fund raising, market rate, valuation of the offering, pricing, perceived market response and sentiment and bargaining power in the deal. The underwriting and placing commission received is calculated with reference to the fund-raising size and/or the aggregate offer price of the number of securities placed and/or underwritten by us, usually it will be flat rate ranging from 6% to 10.5% of the fund-raising size.

Underwriting and placing commission fee is recognized at a point in time when the transactions are executed and services are rendered.

Plutus Securities mainly provides underwriting and placing services to listed companies and also IPO listing applicants in Hong Kong. Plutus Securities’ deals mainly originate from networks from our management and referrals from professional parties or our existing customers.

The revenue arising from the underwriting and placing services for our customers (IPO listing applicants and listed companies) amounted to HK$33,028,000 and HK$3,776,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

The revenue arising from the underwriting and placing services for our customers (IPO listing applicants and listed companies) amounted to HK$1,388,000 and HK$921,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

Margin Financing

Plutus Securities offers margin financing to its customers by providing them with margin loans which are repayable on demand with the securities held under margin accounts it maintains as collateral. For customers that require margin loans and IPO financing, upon the opening of the securities account, we generally require customers to execute a margin agreement, an authorization form for the repledge of securities collateral and a letter of personal guarantee before commencing the approval process. We maintain a list of securities that we accept as collateral for the margin loans and the margin ratio for such collateral securities will also be displayed on a margin list which we maintain and update regularly, particularly for securities with higher price fluctuations. We currently only accept shares of listed companies on the stock exchange of Hong Kong as securities collateral for margin loans. We refer to a number of factors when establishing and updating the margin ratios on the margin list, such as the trading volume, trading frequency, historical price fluctuations, market volatility of the respective securities and the margin ratios of other financial institutions. We also take into account the years of relationship with the customer and assess the size and risk of the customer’s existing portfolio before approving the margin loan and determining the level of collateral required. Similar factors are also applied when setting out the initial margin limits for customers, such as the financial situation of the customer (supported by objective proof), obtain internal/external credit reference information on the customer, the quality of the collateral securities, the investment objectives, risk appetite and trading patterns of the customer and any other relevant known factors that may affect the customer’s financial status or default risk. After setting out the initial margin limits for the customers, Plutus Securities closely monitors the customer’s margin accounts and reviews its margin clients regularly (at least annually) and whenever there is a significant change of any of the determining factors when setting out its initial margin limits. A customer’s margin limit will be modified as appropriate in response to a material change in the key factors described above. The margin loans which are approved are repayable on demand with the securities held under margin accounts maintained by us as collateral. We have a dedicated team for monitoring the collateral requirements on a daily basis. Our customers are mainly our existing customers of our securities dealings and brokerage services.

Not all customers that have opened brokerage accounts with us, have also applied for margin accounts. As of December 31, 2021 and 2022 and June 30, 2023, 83%, 74% and 76% of the customers that applied for margin loans have margin loans outstanding, respectively.

The margin loans will be charged at an interest rate determined and reviewed by the Plutus Securities’ directors from time to time (at least once every month) which will be published in the statement of accounts to customers. The interest rates charged range from 8% to 20%, with reference to the credit risk, taking into account the collateral provided, the volatility of the market, and other factors. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2023, Plutus Securities financed its margin financing via its internal resources, and there are no financing costs or other related costs for its margin lending activities. The table below shows a roll forward showing our non-IPO margin lending activities for the periods presented in this prospectus:

Margin Financing - non-IPO loans	HK$
As of January 1, 2021		23,151,000
Loan granted		182,907,000
Margin interest		4,818,000
Repayment		(138,982,000	)
As of December 31, 2021		71,894,000
Loan granted		154,461,000
Margin interest		6,990,000
Repayment		(176,820,000	)
As of December 31, 2022		56,525,000
Loan granted		(612,065,000)
Margin interest		3,338,000
Repayment		(631,113,000)
As of June 30, 2023		40,815,000

Plutus Securities also provides IPO financing to customers for subscriptions for shares offered under IPO. We take into consideration the overall market sentiment, the quality of the shares being listed (to be provided as collateral to secure the IPO financing) and investors’ reaction, when determining whether to provide IPO financing to subscription for shares offered under that IPO. Customers who apply for IPO financing must maintain a margin account with us and deposit an amount no less than 10% of the total subscription amount. We adopt similar approval and monitoring processes for our IPO financing and margin financing.

For IPO financing, the interest rates charged on the outstanding loans to customers for subscribing for shares offered under an IPO are up to 4.5% per annum, and the outstanding loans sizes are generally up to 90% of the subscription amounts. The collateral requirement and interest rates charged to related parties versus unrelated parties are the same.

All margin loans are secured. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company has not written off any margin loans or IPO loans.

The revenue arising from the interest income generated from the non-IPO margin financing of our customers amounted to HK$4,818,000 and HK$6,990,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. The revenue arising from the interest income generated from the IPO financing amounted to HK$336,000 and nil for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

The revenue arising from the interest income generated from the non-IPO margin financing of our customers amounted to HK$3,478,000 and HK$3,338,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. There was no revenue arising from the interest income generated from the IPO financing for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023.

The table below shows a roll forward showing our IPO margin lending activities for the periods presented in this prospectus:

Margin Financing - IPO loans	HK$
As of January 1, 2021		6,440,000
IPO loan granted during the year		212,598,975
IPO interest charged		336,000
Handling fee charged		1,166,000
IPO loan repaid during the year		(220,540,975	)
As of December 31, 2021		-
IPO loan granted during the year		-
IPO interest charged		-
Handling fee charged		-
IPO loan repaid during the year		-
As of December 31, 2022		-
IPO loan granted during the period		--
IPO interest charged		--
Handling fee charged		--
IPO loan repaid during the period		--
As of June 30, 2023		-

Plutus Asset Management

Asset Management Services

(i)	Discretionary Accounts

Plutus Asset Management manages discretionary accounts for its customers, which Plutus Asset Management is appointed to manage their account on their behalf at its own discretion. There will be a fixed management fee received by us from Plutus Asset Management’s customer which is calculated with reference to a fixed percentage of the sum of the market value of the securities and the outstanding balance of the customer’s account. Such fee is determined by us with reference to the amount of funds in the discretionary account managed by us, relationship with the customer and the perceived trading volume in the account. The discretionary accounts are located and held in Hong Kong and Plutus Asset Management maintains the custody and control the discretionary accounts of our customers.

(ii)	Investment Manager for Funds

Plutus Asset Management provides asset management services by acting as investment manager for funds established by it or by external parties. Depending on the investment fund structure, Plutus Asset Management generally enters into an investment management agreement with the funds to act as the investment manager or sub-investment manager, to invest and re-invest the assets of the fund in accordance with the fund’s investment strategy. In return for its services, Plutus Asset Management will receive a subscription fee up to 5%, a management fee up to 2%, and a performance fee/carried interest (depending on whether the fund is an open-ended or close-ended fund) up to 20%, which is determined by, the investment strategy of the fund, investment period, investment size and market rate. For funds established by Plutus Asset Management, it shall also take into account the relationship with the potential investors when fund-raising.

The funds established by us are located and held in the Cayman Islands and Hong Kong and the manager of the funds maintains custody and control of the funds.

The funds established by external parties are located and held in the Cayman Islands and the manager of the funds maintains custody and control of the funds of our customers.

Our customers are mainly private companies, high net worth individuals, which mainly originate through the network of our management, and referrals from professional parties or our existing customers.

(iii) Investment Advisory Services

Plutus Asset Management provides investment advisory services for professional investors and other funds not managed by it and charge its customers on an agreed-upon investment advisory fee, generally based on the value of assets under their portfolios.

Our customers are mainly high net worth individuals and other investment funds, which mainly originate through the network of our management, and referrals from professional parties or our existing customers.

The revenues arising from our asset management services amounted to HK$2,897,000 and HK$6,599,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

The revenues arising from our asset management services amounted to HK$3,167,000 and HK$1,488,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

Below is a summary of the revenue generated by each of our material operating subsidiaries (organized by type of service provided), together with income before income taxes, the total assets, total liabilities and net assets for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023.

	Plutus Securities				Plutus Asset Management
	Year ended December 31, 2021		Year ended December 31, 2022		Year ended December 31, 2021		Year ended December 31, 2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Revenue generated from:
- Securities Dealing and Brokerage Services		1,916		1,912		-		-
- Margin Financing		5,154		6,990		-		-
- Underwriting and Placing Services		33,028		3,776		-		-
- Asset management income from investment manager for:
Related party fund - Fund SPC		-		-		-		3,120
Other funds		-		-		2,897		3,479

Income before income taxes		37,086		6,825		1,724		2,676

	Plutus Securities				Plutus Asset Management
	Six months ended June 30, 2022		Six months ended June 30, 2023		Six months ended June 30, 2022		Six months ended June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Revenue generated from:
- Securities Dealing and Brokerage Services		851		2,967		-		-
- Margin Financing		3,478		3,338		-		-
- Underwriting and Placing Services		1,388		921		-		-
- Asset management income from investment manager for:		-		-
Related party fund – Fund SPC		-		-		1,051		530
Other funds		-		-		2,116		958

Income before income taxes		3,220		4,854		1,668		509

	Plutus Securities									Plutus Asset Management
	As of December 31, 2021			As of December 31, 2022			As of June 30, 2023			As of December 31, 2021			As of December 31, 2022			As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000
Total assets		117,172			111,702			120,208			6,956			9,464			7,627
Total liabilities		(13,176	)		(33,545	)		(41,627	)		(848	)		(3,356	)		(1,112	)
Net assets		103,996			78,157			78,581			6,108			6,108			6,515

The Industry in Which the Company Operates

Financial and Wealth Management Industry in Hong Kong

The financial and wealth management business in Hong Kong is mainly operated by licensed corporations (the “LCs”) and registered institutions (the “Ris”), and mainly provides (i) securities dealing and brokerage services; (ii) placing and underwriting services; (iii) asset management and fund advisory services; and (iv) investment and corporate finance advisory services.

The table of the market size by revenue of the establishments engaged in the financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong by market segment from 2016-2026E is as follows:

Market Segment	Market share by revenue in 2021			Revenue in 2016 (HK$ billion)		Revenue in 2021 (HK$ billion)		Expected Revenue in 2022 (HK$ billion)		Expected Revenue in 2026 (HK$ billion)		CAGR 2016-2021			CAGR 2022E-2026E
Asset Management and fund advisory services		37.4	%		58.2		114.0		132.1		226.9		14.4	%		14.5	%
Securities dealing and brokerage services		35.1	%		64.2		107.1		119.4		188.2		10.8	%		12.0	%
Placing and underwriting services		16.2	%		36.6		49.5		53.1		66.6		6.2	%		5.8	%
Investment and corporate finance advisory services		3.0	%		5.3		9.1		10.4		15.7		11.4	%		10.8	%
Others		8.3	%		14.8		25.2		29.2		45.1		11.2	%		11.5	%
Total Market		100.0	%		179.1		304.9		344.2		542.5		11.2	%		12.0	%

Source: Frost & Sullivan

The market size by revenue of the establishments engaged in the financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong has grown greatly from approximately HK$179.1 billion (approximately US$23.0 billion) in 2016 to approximately HK$304.9 billion (approximately US$39.1 billion) in 2021, representing a compound annual growth rate (“CAGR”) of approximately 11.2% from 2016 to 2021, which was attributable to the strong market performance and the global economic recovery during the past year. In 2021, approximately 37.4% and 35.1% of aforesaid revenue were arisen from the asset management and fund advisory services and securities dealing and brokerage services, respectively. Placing and underwriting services and investment and corporate finance advisory services accounted for approximately 16.2% and 3.0%, respectively, while the others represented for approximately 8.3% of the total market revenue of the financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong in 2021. The market size by revenue is expected to increase from approximately HK$344.2 billion (approximately US$44.1 billion) in 2022 to approximately HK$542.5 billion (approximately US$69.6 billion) in 2026, at a CAGR of approximately 12.0% from 2022 to 2026, which is expected to be benefited from the continuous government support on this industry and the offering of diversified products and services in multiple currencies and multiple levels to meet the various demands of both local and international investors. The asset management and fund advisory services and the securities dealing and brokerage services are expected to continue to dominate this market in 2026, at approximately HK$226.9 billion (approximately US$29.1 billion) and approximately HK$188.2 billion (approximately US$24.1 billion), respectively.

Please see the section entitled “Industry” beginning on page 89 of this Prospectus for more information.

The Company’s Competitive Strengths

The Company believes that the following competitive strengths are essential to its success and differentiate us from its competitors:

●	Wide range of financial services through an integrated platform

●	Strong customer base

●	Experienced management team and well-qualified professional workforce

●	Effective risk management and internal control system

Our Challenges

●	Market illiquidity due to the recent decline of the real estate market in China

●	Tightening of regulatory measures leading to higher compliance costs

●	Volatile financial market weakening investment sentiment

Our Strategies for Meeting Our Challenges and Further Growth

To meet our competitive challenges, further grow our business and enhance our competitive position, the Company intends to pursue the following strategies:

●	Expand our customer network

●	Strengthen our research capabilities

●	Enhance our underwriting and placing business

●	Develop our asset management business

Summary of Significant Risk Factors

Investing in the Ordinary Shares involves significant risks. You should carefully consider all of the information in this prospectus before making an investment in our Ordinary Shares. Below please find a summary of the significant risks the Company faces, organized under relevant headings. These risks are discussed more fully in the section titled “Risk factors.”

Risks related to a future determination that the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”) is unable to inspect or investigate our auditor completely.

The audit report included in this prospectus was issued by WWC, P.C. (“WWC”) a U.S.-based accounting firm that is registered with the PCAOB and can be inspected by the PCAOB. The Company has no intention of dismissing WWC in the future or of engaging any auditor not based in the U.S. and not subject to regular inspection by the PCAOB. There is no guarantee, however, that any future auditor engaged by the Company would remain subject to full PCAOB inspection during the entire term of our engagement. The PCAOB is currently unable to conduct inspections in China without the approval of PRC government authorities. If it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate our auditor completely, investors may be deprived of the benefits of such inspection. Any audit reports not issued by auditors that are completely inspected by the PCAOB, or a lack of PCAOB inspections of audit work undertaken in China that prevents the PCAOB from regularly evaluating our auditors’ audits and their quality control procedures, could result in a lack of assurance that our financial statements and disclosures are adequate and accurate. In addition, under the HFCAA, as amended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, our securities may be prohibited from trading on the Nasdaq or other U.S. stock exchanges if our auditor is not inspected by the PCAOB for two consecutive years.

Pursuant to the HFCAA, the PCOAB issued a Determination Report on December 16, 2021 which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (1) mainland China of the People’s Republic of China, because a position taken by one or more authorities in mainland China; and (2) Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region and dependency of the PRC, because of a position taken by one or more authorities in Hong Kong. In addition, the PCOAB’s report identified the specific registered public accounting firms which are subject to these determinations. Our registered public accounting firm, WWC, is not headquartered in mainland China or Hong Kong and was not identified in this report as a firm subject to the PCAOB’s determination. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB issued a new Determination Report which: (1) vacated the December 16, 2021 Determination Report; and (2) concluded that the PCAOB has been able to conduct inspections and investigations completely in the PRC in 2022. The December 15, 2022 Determination Report cautions, however, that authorities in the PRC might take positions at any time that would prevent the PCAOB from continuing to inspect or investigate completely. As required by the HFCAA, if in the future the PCAOB determines it no longer can inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the PRC, the PCAOB will act expeditiously to consider whether it should issue a new determination. (Please see – Risk Factor – “Although the audit report included in this prospectus was issued by U.S. auditors who are currently inspected by the PCAOB, if it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate our auditor completely, investors would be deprived of the benefits of such inspection and our Ordinary Shares may be delisted or prohibited from trading,” at Page 34.)

Because all of the Company’s operations are in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China, it faces a risk that the government of the PRC could intervene in or influence is operations at any time, which could result in a material change in the Company’s operations and/or the value of its Ordinary Shares.

Currently, the Company is not required to obtain permissions or approvals from any PRC authorities to either: (1) operate our business; or (2) issue its Ordinary Shares to foreign investors. Should the PRC government choose to exercise additional influence or control over Hong Kong businesses similar to the Company, however, through the promulgation of new laws or regulations applicable to Hong Kong, the Company could be required to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, and its business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. In the event that (i) the PRC government expanded the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC and that Plutus Group is required to obtain such permissions or approvals, or (ii) Plutus Group inadvertently concluded that relevant permissions or approvals were not required or that Plutus Group did not receive or maintain relevant permissions or approvals required, any action taken by the PRC government could significantly limit or completely hinder operations of Plutus Group in Hong Kong and its ability to offer or continue to offer its Ordinary Shares to investors and could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless. (Please see – Risk Factor – “Because all of the Company’s operations are in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China, it faces a risk that the government of the PRC could intervene in or influence our operations at any time, which could result in a material change in the Company’s operations and/or the value of its Ordinary Shares,” at Page 38.)

Substantially all operations of the operating subsidiaries are in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the PRC. However, due to the long arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government may exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business and may intervene in or influence our operations at any time, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Ordinary Shares. The PRC government may also intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to move money into or out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong or within Hong Kong. Changes in the policies, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of the PRC government may also be quick with little advance notice and our assertions and beliefs of the risk imposed by the PRC legal and regulatory system cannot be certain.

Plutus Group is a holding company which conduct its operations in Hong Kong through the Company’s operating subsidiaries, Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management, both incorporated in Hong Kong. The Company’s operations are primarily located in Hong Kong and some of its customers are PRC individuals or companies that have shareholders or directors that are PRC individuals. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company does not expect to be materially affected by recent statements by the PRC government indicating an intent to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers. However, due to long arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, there remains regulatory uncertainty with respect to the implementation and interpretation of laws in China. The PRC government may choose to exercise significant oversight and discretion, and the policies, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of the PRC government to which the Company is subject may change rapidly and with little advance notice to the Company or its shareholders. As a result, the application, interpretation, and enforcement of new and existing laws and regulations in the PRC are often uncertain. In addition, these laws and regulations may be interpreted and applied inconsistently by different agencies or authorities, and may be inconsistent with the Company’s current policies and practices. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way the Company conducts its business, could require the Company to change certain aspects of its business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected and such measured could materially decrease the value of its Ordinary Shares, potentially rendering it worthless. (Please see – Risk Factor – “Substantially all operations of the operating subsidiaries are in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the PRC. However, due to the long arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government may exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business and may intervene in or influence our operations at any time, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of its Ordinary Shares. The PRC government may also intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Changes in the policies, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of the PRC government may also be quick with little advance notice and our assertions and beliefs of the risk imposed by the PRC legal and regulatory system cannot be certain,” at Page 38.)

Risks Related to the Potential Imposition of Currency Controls on Hong Kong by the PRC Government

In addition, despite the general protections afforded by the Basic law, due to ‘long arm’ provisions under current PRC laws and regulations, there remains regulatory uncertainty with respect to the implementation and interpretation of laws in China. The PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from other entities within our organization or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong and our ability to move money into Hong Kong to fund our business operation and to satisfy our investment needs in Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business within and outside of Hong Kong and may also affect our ability to transfer and receive funds to and from our operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business within and outside of Hong Kong and may also affect our ability to transfer and receive funds to and from our operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong. (Please see – Risk Factor – “There is no assurance that the PRC government will not intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to transfer cash into or out of Hong Kong,” at Page 39.) We do not have a formal cash management policy that dictates how funds are transferred.

Risks Related to Enforceability of Judgments and Foreign Legal Systems.

Plutus Group is a Cayman Islands exempted company and substantially all of its assets are located outside of the United States. Substantially all of the Company’s current operations are conducted in the Hong Kong. In addition, its current officers are nationals and residents of countries other than the United States. Substantially all of the assets of these persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for you to bring an action against the Company or against these individuals in the United States in the event that you believe that your rights have been infringed under the U.S. federal securities laws or otherwise. Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands, Hong Kong or other relevant jurisdictions may render you unable to enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers. There is no statutory recognition in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the Cayman Islands will in certain circumstances recognize and enforce a non-penal judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits. In addition, CFN Lawyers, the Company’s counsel as to Hong Kong law, has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of Hong Kong would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, or (ii) entertain original actions brought in Hong Kong against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States. A judgment of a court in the United States predicated upon U.S. federal or state securities laws may be enforced in Hong Kong at common law by bringing an action in a Hong Kong court on that judgment for the amount due thereunder and then seeking summary judgment on the strength of the foreign judgment, provided that the foreign judgment, among other things, is (1) for a debt or a definite sum of money (not being taxes or similar charges to a foreign government taxing authority or a fine or other penalty), and (2) final and conclusive on the merits of the claim, but not otherwise. Such a judgment may not, in any event, be so enforced in Hong Kong if (a) it was obtained by fraud, (b) the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were opposed to natural justice, (c) its enforcement or recognition would be contrary to the public policy of Hong Kong, (d) the court of the United States was not jurisdictionally competent, or (e) the judgment was in conflict with a prior Hong Kong judgment. Hong Kong has no arrangement for the reciprocal enforcement of judgments with the United States. As a result, there is uncertainty as to the enforceability in Hong Kong, in original actions or in actions for enforcement, of judgments of U.S. courts of civil liabilities predicated solely upon the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state or territory within the United States. (Please see – Risk Factor – “Certain judgments obtained against us by our shareholders may not be enforceable and foreign legal systems present unique risks to investors,” at Page 34.)

Risks related to the limited operating history of the Company.

The operating subsidiaries of the Company began operations in 2018 and have continually sought to expand our product and service offerings. As a result, its business model has not been fully proven and it has limited financial data that can be used to evaluate our current business and future prospects, which subjects us to a number of uncertainties, including our ability to plan for, model and manage future growth and risks. Its historical revenues should not be considered indicative of its future performance. The Company’s operating subsidiaries have also encountered, and will continue to encounter, risks and difficulties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly changing and heavily regulated industries, including achieving market acceptance of our products and services, attracting and retaining customers, complying with laws and regulations that are subject to evolving interpretations and application and increasing competition and expenses as it expands its business. The Company cannot be sure that it will be successful in addressing these and other challenges it may face, and its business may be adversely affected if it does not manage these risks successfully. (Please see – Risk Factor – “The Company has a limited operating history, which makes it difficult to evaluate its business and prospects and increases the risks associated with an investment in its Ordinary Shares.”)

Risks Related to Revenue and Receivables Concentration.

We derive a significant portion of our revenues from a few major customers. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, one customer accounted for 26% of our total revenues. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, one customer accounted for 16% of our total revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2022, two customers accounted for 16% and 12% of our total revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2021, three customers accounted for 29%, 25% and 22% of our total revenues.

As of June 30, 2023, one customer accounted for 13% of the total balance of loans to customers and receivables from customer. As of December 31, 2022, one customer accounted for 14% of the total balance of loans to customers and receivables from customer. As of December 31, 2021, two customers accounted for 21% and 12% of the total balance of loans to customers and receivables from customers.

Please see – Business – Our customers” on page 97 for the customers mix for the revenue and receivables concentration.

There are inherent risks whenever a large percentage of total revenues are concentrated with a limited number of customers. We cannot guarantee that these customers will continue to retain us to provide them brokerage services, asset management services or margin financing services. Their demands for our financial services may be affected due to factors such as changes in investment preference, market outlook and general economy, which are beyond our control. Any decline in demand or termination of the services offered by us by our top customers decides materially negatively affect our revenues, results of operations and financial condition. (Please see – Risk Factor – “We have a substantial customer concentration, with a limited number of customers accounting for a substantial portion of our revenues.”)

Risks related to competition.

The market for online brokerage and wealth management services is also relatively new, rapidly evolving and intensely competitive. The Company expects competition to continue and intensify in the future. It faces competition from traditional retail brokerage firms and financial service providers in Hong Kong and worldwide, many of which may be significantly larger than us with access to exponentially greater resources. Major international brokerage companies that have large retail online brokerage businesses as well as online brokerage units of commercial banks may also take advantage of their established resources and satisfy applicable regulatory requirements through acquisitions and organic development. The Company cannot assure you that its efforts to enhance its service offerings will be successful or that it will be able to compete effectively or efficiently with current or future competitors. Furthermore, the current competitors and new entrants in the online brokerage and wealth management industries may also seek to develop new service offerings, technologies or capabilities that could render some of the services that the Company offers obsolete or less competitive, and some of them may adopt more aggressive pricing policies or devote greater resources to marketing and promotional campaigns than it does. (Please see – Risk Factor – “The Company faces fierce competition in the financial and securities services industry in Hong Kong and may lose its competitive edge to its competitors.”)

Risks related to fluctuations in customer trading volumes.

The Company’s revenues and profitability depend in part on the level of trading activity of the securities of our customers, which are often affected by factors beyond our control, including economic and political conditions, broad trends in business and finance and changes in the markets in which such transactions occur. Weaknesses in the markets in which the Company operates, including economic slowdowns, have historically resulted in reduced trading volumes for us. Declines in trading volumes generally result in lower revenues from transaction execution activities. Lower levels of volatility generally have the same directional impact. Declines in market values of securities or other financial instruments can also result in illiquid markets, which can also result in lower revenues and profitability from transaction execution activities. Our business is also subject to general economic and political conditions, in particular the economic and political conditions in Hong Kong and worldwide, such as macroeconomic and monetary policies, legislation and regulations affecting the financial and securities industries, upward and downward trends in the business and financial sectors, inflation, currency fluctuations, availability of short-term and long-term funding sources, cost of funding and the level and volatility of interest rates. (Please see – Risk Factor – “Because our revenues and profitability depend largely on customers’ trading volume, they are prone to significant fluctuations and are difficult to predict. Declines in trading volumes generally result in lower revenues from transaction execution activities, which may affect our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.”)

Risks related to the Company’s margin financing business.

The Company’s margin financing business may not develop as expected if customers fail to perform contractual obligations or the value of collateral held to secure the obligations is inadequate. As its margin financing business expands, the Company may be subject to greater credit risks. In particular, the Company may not always be able to fully recover the margin value through margin calls and our exposure to credit loss may be exacerbated during periods of high market volatility. (Please see – Risk Factor – “The Company may not be able to develop its margin financing business as expected and may be exposed to credit risks related to this business, primarily arising from loans and advances, and receivables. In addition, the Company needs adequate funding at reasonable costs to successfully operate its margin financing business, and access to adequate funding at reasonable costs cannot be assured.”)

Risks related to potential trading errors

The Company needs to execute and monitor securities dealing transactions in a timely and vigilant manner for our securities dealing and brokerage business, which is heavily dependent on the satisfactory performance of its trading system. Trading errors may occur in the case of trading system breakdown or failure. The Company cannot guarantee that the measures and procedures it has in place to protect and maintain its trading system will completely deter, or be continuously effectively in deterring, trading errors. Trading errors may also occur as a result of human mistakes made by our employees in processing customers’ orders or instructions. Any trading errors may cause us to incur significant losses and may materially and adversely affect our reputation, operations and financial performance. (Please see – Risk Factor – “Any trading errors relating to securities dealing and brokerage business of the Company may cause significant losses.”)

Risks related to network interruptions, security breaches or computer virus attacks and failures in the information technology systems of the Company.

The information technology systems of the Company support substantially all phases of our operations and are an essential part of our technology infrastructure. If these systems fail to perform, the Company could experience disruptions in its operations, slower response time or decreased customer satisfaction. The Company must process, record and monitor a large number of transactions and its operations are highly dependent on the integrity of our technology systems and our ability to make timely enhancements and additions to its systems. System interruptions, errors or downtime can result from a variety of causes, including unexpected interruptions to the internet infrastructure, technological failures, changes to its systems, erroneous or corrupted data, changes in customer usage patterns, linkages with third-party systems and power failures. The Company’s systems are also vulnerable to disruptions from human error, execution errors, errors in models such as those used for risk management and compliance, employee misconduct, unauthorized trading, external fraud, computer viruses, distributed denial of service attacks, computer viruses or cyberattacks, terrorist attacks, natural disaster, power outage, capacity constraints, software flaws, events impacting our key business partners and vendors, and other similar events. (Please see – Risk Factor – “Unexpected network interruptions, security breaches or computer virus attacks and failures in our information technology systems could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.”

Risks related to regulatory compliance.

The Company is subject to extensive regulations and the market in which it operates, Hong Kong, is highly regulated. However, the online brokerage service industry (including, for example, the use of cloud-based operating, computing and record keeping technology as well as biometric identification technology) is at a relatively early stage of development, and applicable laws, regulations and other requirements may be changed and adopted from time to time. The Company may be subject to examinations and inquiries by the relevant regulators on a regular or ad-hoc basis. Our business operations in Hong Kong are subject to applicable Hong Kong laws, regulations, guidelines, circulars, and other regulatory guidance, including, for example, the SFO and its subsidiary legislation. These laws and regulations set out the licensing requirements, regulate our operational activities and standards, and impose requirements such as maintaining minimum liquidity or capital along with other filing, record keeping and reporting obligations relevant to our business operations. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations in markets the Company operates can result in investigations and regulatory actions, which may lead to penalties, including reprimands, fines, limitations or prohibitions on our future business activities or suspension or revocation of our licenses or trading rights. Any outcome of such nature may affect our ability to conduct business, harm our reputation and, consequently, materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. (Please see – Risk Factor – “The Company is subject to extensive and evolving regulatory requirements in the markets it operates in, non-compliance with which may result in penalties, limitations and prohibitions on our future business activities or suspension or revocation of its licenses and trading rights, and consequently may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operations and prospects.”)

No established public market for the Company’s shares prior to this offering.

Prior to this initial public offering, there has been no public market for the Company’s Ordinary Shares. The Company plans to list the Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Its Ordinary Shares will not be listed on any exchange or quoted for trading on any over-the-counter trading system. If an active trading market for the Ordinary Shares does not develop after this offering, the market price and liquidity of the Ordinary Shares will be materially and adversely affected. (Please see – Risk Factor – “There has been no public market for our Ordinary Shares prior to this offering, and you may not be able to resell the Ordinary Shares at or above the price you paid, or at all.”)

Transfers of Cash To and From Our Subsidiaries

Plutus Group declared a special dividend of HK$24,451,000 on August 30, 2022, Plutus Group was wholly owned by Mr. Zhisheng Zhao through Radiant Global Ventures Limited and Divine Star Ventures Limited on August 30, 2022. Plutus Group did not receive the funds from our subsidiaries. Instead, the special dividend was offset by the amount due from Mr. Zhisheng Zhao. The amount due from Mr. Zhisheng Zhao was decreased by HK$24,451,000 after the declaration of special dividend. As of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023, the remaining amount due from Mr. Zhao was HK$6,322,000 and HK$6,339,000, respectively. This amount is reflected in the portion of the amounts due from related party as reflected in our financial statements. The amount due from Mr. Zhao is unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand. The balance is non-trade in nature. Saved as disclosed above, during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2023, Plutus Group did not declare or pay any dividends and there was no transfer of assets among Plutus Group and its subsidiaries.

If Plutus Group determines to pay dividends on any of its Ordinary Shares in the future, as a holding company, it will be dependent on receipt of funds from our subsidiaries by way of dividend payments. Plutus Group is permitted under the laws of Cayman Islands to provide funding to its subsidiaries through loans or capital contributions without restrictions on the amount of the funds loaned or contributed. Each of Plutus Securities, Plutus Asset Management and One Promise Investment Immigration Consulting Limited is permitted under the laws of Hong Kong to provide funding to Plutus Group through dividend distributions without restrictions on the amount of the funds distributed.

Plutus Group currently intends to retain all available funds and future earnings, if any, for the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination related to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our board of directors after considering our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual requirements, business prospects and other factors the board of directors deems relevant, and subject to the restrictions contained in any future financing instruments.

There are no statutory prohibitions in the Cayman Islands on the granting of financial assistance by a company to another person for the purchase of, or subscription for, its own, its holding company’s or a subsidiary’s shares. Therefore, a company may provide financial assistance provided the directors of the company, when proposing to grant such financial assistance, discharge their duties of care and act in good faith, for a proper purpose and in the interests of the company. Such assistance should be on an arm’s-length basis. Subject to the Companies Act (Revised) of the Cayman Islands (the “Companies Act”) and our Memorandum and Articles of Association, our board of directors may declare dividends and distributions on Shares in issue and authorize payment of the dividends or distributions out of the funds of Plutus Group. No dividend or distribution shall be paid except out of the realized or unrealized profits of Plutus Group, or out of our share premium account, unless immediately following the payment the Company is unable to pay our debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. The Cayman Islands does not impose a withholding tax on payments of dividends to shareholders in the Cayman Islands.

Under the BVI Business Companies Act 2004 (as amended), a British Virgin Islands company may make a dividend distribution to the extent that immediately after the distribution, the value of the company’s assets exceeds its liabilities and that such company is able to pay its debts as they fall due.

Under Hong Kong law, dividends could only be paid out of distributable profits (that is, accumulated realized profits less accumulated realized losses) or other distributable reserves, as permitted under Hong Kong law. Dividends cannot be paid out of share capital. There are no restrictions or limitation under the laws of Hong Kong imposed on the conversion of HK dollar into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out of Hong Kong, nor there is any restriction on foreign exchange to transfer cash between Plutus Group and its subsidiaries, across borders and to U.S investors, nor there is any restrictions and limitations to distribute earnings from our business and subsidiaries, to Plutus Group and U.S. investors and amounts owed. Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect of dividends paid by us.

Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company

As a company with less than US$1.07 billion in revenue for our last fiscal year, Plutus Group qualifies as an “emerging growth company” pursuant to the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and other requirements compared to those that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include, but are not limited to:

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being permitted to present only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our SEC filings;

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not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act;

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reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in periodic reports, proxy statements and registration statements; and

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exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

The JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company does not need to comply with any new or revised financial accounting standards until such date that a private company is otherwise required to comply with such new or revised accounting standards. The Company has elected to use the extended transition period under the JOBS Act. Accordingly, our financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of public companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

The Company will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (a) the last day of the fiscal year during which it has total annual gross revenues of at least US$1.07 billion; (b) the last day of its fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering; (c) the date on which it has, during the preceding three-year period, issued more than US$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; or (d) the date on which it is deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which would occur as of the end of our fiscal year if the market value of its Ordinary Shares that are held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter. Once the Company ceases to be an emerging growth company, it will not be entitled to the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act discussed above.

Implications of Being a Foreign Private Issuer

Plutus Group is incorporated in the Cayman Islands, and more than 50 percent of its outstanding voting securities are not directly or indirectly held by residents of the United States. Therefore, Plutus Group is a “foreign private issuer,” as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act and Rule 3b-4(c) under the Exchange Act. As a result, Plutus Group is not subject to the same requirements as U.S. domestic issuers. Under the Exchange Act, the Company will be subject to reporting obligations that, to some extent, are more lenient and less frequent than those of U.S. domestic reporting companies. For example:

	●	The Company is not required to provide as many Exchange Act reports or provide periodic and current reports as frequently, as a domestic public company;

	●	for interim reporting, it is permitted to comply solely with our home country requirements, which are less rigorous than the rules that apply to domestic public companies;

	●	The Company is not required to provide the same level of disclosure on certain issues, such as executive compensation;

	●	The Company is exempt from provisions of Regulation FD aimed at preventing issuers from making selective disclosures of material information;

	●	The Company is not required to comply with the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act; and

	●	The Company is not required to comply with Section 16 of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their share ownership and trading activities and establishing insider liability for profits realized from any “short-swing” trading transaction.

Implications of Being a “Controlled Company”

Upon the listing of our Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Stock Market, we will be considered a “controlled company” within the meaning of Nasdaq Rule 5615(c). A “controlled company” is a company of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, a group or another company. Upon the closing of this Offering, our founder, Zhisheng Zhao, and our CEO, Ting Kin Cheung, will together beneficially own 73.2% of our Ordinary Shares. Under Nasdaq Rule 5615(c), a “controlled company” may be exempted from the requirements of Nasdaq Rules 5605(b)(1) (requiring that the board consist of a majority of independent directors), (d) (requiring a compensation committee of the board consisting of independent directors) and (e) (requiring independent director oversight of director nominations). Should we determine to rely on the “controlled company” exemptions, our board and its decision-making processes would lack the independent oversight typically required of Nasdaq-listed issuers. We do not intend, however, to take advantage of the “controlled company” exemption from Nasdaq corporate governance standards. As disclosed in this Prospectus, we will have a majority independent board upon listing and have adopted board committee charters and policies consistent with Nasdaq’s regular listing and governance rules.

PRC Government Permissions and Approvals

Our Hong Kong counsel, CFN Lawyers, has advised that, as of the date of this prospectus, the Company and its subsidiaries, (1) are not required to obtain permissions or approvals from any PRC national authorities to operate their businesses or to issue the Ordinary Shares to foreign investors; and (2) are not subject to permission requirements from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (the “CSRC”), the Cyberspace Administration of China (the “CAC”) or any other entity that is required to approve of our operations. This conclusion is based on the fact that: (1) our Company’s operating subsidiaries are located in Hong Kong, (2) we and our subsidiaries have no direct operations in mainland China, and (3) pursuant to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the “Basic Law”), which is a national law of the PRC and constitutional document for Hong Kong, national laws of the PRC shall not be applied in Hong Kong except for those listed in Annex III of the Basic Law (which is confined to laws relating to defense and foreign affairs, as well as other matters outside the autonomy of Hong Kong). If it is determined in the future, however, that the approval of the CSRC, the CAC or any other regulatory authority is required for this offering, the offering will be delayed until we have obtained the relevant approvals. There is also the possibility that we may not be able to obtain or maintain such approval or that we inadvertently concluded that such approval was not required. If the approval was required while we inadvertently concluded that such approval was not required or if applicable laws and regulations or the interpretation of such were modified to require us to obtain the CSRC approval in the future, we may face sanctions by the CSRC, the CAC or other PRC regulatory agencies. These regulatory agencies may impose fines and penalties on our operations, limit our ability to pay dividends, limit our operations, or take other actions that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, as well as the trading price of our securities. The CSRC, the CAC, or other PRC regulatory agencies also may take actions requiring us, or making it advisable for us, to halt this offering before settlement and delivery of our Ordinary Shares. Consequently, if you engage in market trading or other activities in anticipation of and prior to the settlement and delivery of the Ordinary Shares we are offering, you would be doing so at the risk that the settlement and delivery may not occur. Any uncertainties or negative publicity regarding such approval requirements could have a material adverse effect on our ability to complete this offering or any follow-on offering of our securities or the market for and market price of our Ordinary Shares.

On February 17, 2023, the CSRC issued the Trial Administrative Measures of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Enterprises, or the Trial Measures, which became effective on March 31, 2023. On the same date of the issuance of the Trial Measures, the CSRC circulated No.1 to No.5 Supporting Guidance Rules, the Notes on the Trial Measures, the Notice on Administration Arrangements for the Filing of Overseas Listings by Domestic Enterprises and the relevant CSRC Answers to Reporter Questions on the official website of the CSRC, or collectively, the Guidance Rules and Notice. Under the Trial Measures and the Guidance Rules and Notice, domestic companies conducting overseas securities offering and listing activities, either in direct or indirect form, shall complete filing procedures with the CSRC pursuant to the requirements of the Trial Measures within three working days following its submission of initial public offerings or listing application. The domestic companies that have already been listed on overseas stock exchanges or have obtained the approval from overseas supervision administrations or stock exchanges for its offering and listing and will complete their overseas offering and listing prior to September 30, 2023 are not required to make immediate filings for its listing yet need to make filings for subsequent offerings in accordance with the Trial Measures. The domestic companies that have already submitted an application for an initial public offering to overseas supervision administrations prior to the effective date of the Trial Measures but have not yet obtained the approval from overseas supervision administrations or stock exchanges for the offering and listing may arrange for the filing within a reasonable time period and should complete the filing procedure before such companies’ overseas issuance and listing. As of the date of this prospectus, as advised by our PRC counsel, Sundial Law Firm, the Company is not considered a domestic company under the Trial Measures and the Trial Measures do not apply to the Company, and its listing on NASDAQ does not require the fulfilling of the filing procedure to the CSRC.

Corporate Information

The principal executive offices of the Company are located at 8/F, 80 Gloucester Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong. Our telephone number at this address is (852) 2968 1192. The Company’s registered office in the Cayman Islands is currently located at the office of Quality Corporate Services Ltd., Suite 102, Cannon Place, P.O. Box 712, North Sound Rd., George Town, Grand Cayman, KY1-9006 Cayman Islands, which may be changed from time to time at the discretion of directors. The Company’s agent for service of process in the United States is The Crone Law Group P.C., 500 Fifth Ave, Suite 938, New York, NY 10110.

Investors should contact the Company for any inquiries through the address and telephone number of our principal executive offices. The Company’s website is www.plutusfingroup.com. The information contained on that website is not a part of this prospectus.

Notes on Prospectus Presentation

This prospectus contains translations of certain HK$ amounts into U.S. dollar amounts at specified rates solely for the convenience of the reader. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from HKD to U.S. dollars and from U.S. dollars to HKD in this prospectus were calculated at the noon buying rate of US$1 = HK$7.8363 on June 30, 2023, as published in H.10 statistical release of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The Company makes no representation that the HKD or U.S. dollar amounts referred to in this prospectus could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars or HKD, as the case may be, at any particular rate or at all.

Numerical figures included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, numerical figures shown as totals in various tables may not be arithmetic aggregations of the figures that precede them.

Some market data and statistical information contained in this prospectus are also based on management’s estimates and calculations, which are derived from our review and interpretation of the sources listed above, our internal research and our knowledge of the Hong Kong financial industry.

THE OFFERING

The following assumes that the underwriters will not exercise their option to purchase additional Ordinary Shares in the offering, unless otherwise indicated.

Issuer		Plutus Financial Group Limited

Securities Being Offered by the Issuer		2,100,000 Ordinary Shares (or 2,415,000 Ordinary Shares if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full), par value US$0.0001 per share, on a firm commitment basis. We are also registering for resale up to 1,680,000 Ordinary Shares by certain selling stockholders. These shares will not be part of this initial public offering.

Offering Price		The Company expects that the initial public offering price will be between US$4.00 and US$6.00 per Ordinary Share.

Ordinary Shares Outstanding Immediately Before This Offering		12,000,000 Ordinary Shares

Ordinary Shares Outstanding Immediately After This Offering		14,100,000 Ordinary Shares (or 14,415,000 Ordinary Shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional Ordinary Shares in full). The Company’s founder, Zhisheng Zhao, and its CEO, Ting Kin Cheung, will together beneficially own 73.2% of the Ordinary Shares and 73.2% of the total voting power of the Company’s issued and outstanding share capital immediately following the completing of this offering assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option, or 71.6% of the Company’s total voting power if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full.

Voting Rights		Each Ordinary Share is entitled to one vote.

Option to Purchase Additional Ordinary Shares		The Company has granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable within 45 days from the effective date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an additional 405,000 Ordinary Shares.

Use of Proceeds		The Company estimates that it will receive net proceeds of approximately US$8,420,000 from this offering (or US$9,869,000 if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional Ordinary Shares in full), after deducting the underwriting discounts, commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us and assuming an initial public offering price of US$5.00 per Ordinary Share, being the mid-point of the estimated range of the initial public offering price shown on the front cover of this prospectus.

		The Company plans to use the net proceeds it receives from this offering for (i) development of tailor-made Fintech software and applications, (ii) replenishment of funds to make available for margin financing, and (iii) expansion of our customer management teams. See “Use of Proceeds” for additional information.

		All proceeds from the sale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares under the separate Resale Prospectus by the Selling Stockholders will be for the account of the Selling Stockholders. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares.

Lock-up		The Company, its directors and officers, and holders of ten percent or more of Ordinary Share on a fully diluted basis immediately prior to the consummation of this offering have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any Ordinary Shares or similar securities for a period of 6 months after the consummation of this offering, without the prior written consent of the Underwriter. See “Underwriting” and “Shares Eligible for Future Sales” for more information.

Risk Factors		See “Risk Factors” and other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in the Ordinary Shares.

Listing		The Company plans to have the Ordinary Shares listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “PLUT.” The Ordinary Shares will not be listed on any other stock exchange or traded on any automated quotation system.

Payment and Settlement		The Ordinary Shares are expected to be delivered against payment on [__________], 2023.

Transfer Agent		___________.

SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OPERATING DATA

The following summary consolidated statements of net income for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and summary consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2021 and 2022 have been derived from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read this “Summary Consolidated Financial Data and Operating Data” section together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results expected for future periods.

Summary Operating Data

The following summary consolidated financial data for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023 has been derived from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Balance Sheet Data	Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021 (audited) HK$’000		Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2022 (audited) HK$’000		Six months ended June 30, 2023 (unaudited) HK$’000		Six months ended June 30, 2023 (unaudited) US$’000
Cash and cash equivalents		12,611		12,694		24,972		3,187
Total assets		125,338		123,414		129,514		16,529
Total liabilities		19,865		43,336		48,582		6,202
Total shareholders’ equity		105,473		80,078		80,932		10,327

Statement of Operations

Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2021
(audited) HK$’000

Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2022
(audited) HK$’000

Six months ended June 30, 2022 (unaudited)

HK$’000

Six months ended June 30, 2023 (unaudited)

HK$’000

Six months ended June 30, 2023
(unaudited) US$$’000

Total Revenues

42,995

19,277

8,884

8,714

1,112

Net Income (loss)

21,473

(944

)

(590

)

854

107

RISK FACTORS

Risks Related to The Company’s Business and Industry

The Company has a limited operating history, which makes it difficult to evaluate its business and prospects and increases the risks associated with an investment in its Ordinary Shares.

The Company’s operating subsidiaries began their operations in 2018 and have continually sought to expand our product and service offerings. As a result, the business model has not been fully proven and it has limited financial data that can be used to evaluate its current business and future prospects, which subjects it to a number of uncertainties, including our ability to plan for, model and manage future growth and risks. The Company’s historical revenues should not be considered indicative of our future performance. For example, the Company’s operating history has coincided with a period of general global macroeconomic growth, as well as growth in the financial services industries in which it operates. Therefore, the Company has not experienced any prolonged downturn or slowdown in macroeconomic or industry growth and cannot assure that it will be able to respond effectively to any such downturn or slowdown in the future. The Company has also encountered, and will continue to encounter, risks and difficulties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly changing and heavily regulated industries, including achieving market acceptance of our products and services, attracting and retaining customers, complying with laws and regulations that are subject to evolving interpretations and application and increasing competition and expenses as the Company expands its business. The Company cannot be sure that it will be successful in addressing these and other challenges it may face, and Its business may be adversely affected if it does not manage these risks successfully. In addition, the Company may not achieve sufficient revenue to maintain positive cash flows from operations or profitability in any given period, or at all.

Any trading errors relating to the securities dealing and brokerage business of the Company may cause significant losses.

The Company has to execute and monitor securities dealing transactions in a timely and vigilant manner for our securities dealing and brokerage business, which is heavily dependent on the satisfactory performance of our trading system. Trading errors may occur in the case of trading system breakdown or failure. The Company cannot guarantee that the measures and procedures it has in place to protect and maintain its trading system will completely deter, or be continuously effectively in deterring, trading errors. Trading errors may also occur as a result of human mistakes made by our employees in processing customers’ orders or instructions. Any trading errors may cause us to incur significant losses and may materially and adversely affect the Company’s reputation, operations and financial performance.

The Company is subject to various risks due to illegal or improper activities committed by and misconduct of our personnel or third parties.

The Company is subject to the risk of fraud, illegal act, misconduct or other improper activities committed by our directors, employees, agents, customers or other third parties, such as entering into unauthorized transactions, improperly using or divulging inside information, recommending transactions not suitable for its customers, engaging in fraudulent activities, or engaging in improper or illegal activities or excessive trading to the detriment of us or our customers. The Company cannot assure that its procedures and policies would fully prevent or detect illegal or improper activities in our business operations. If illegal or improper activities transpire and the Company fails to identify them in a timely manner, or at all, it will be in breach of the legal and regulatory requirements in Hong Kong and may be subject to regulatory sanction resulting in financial loss and reputational harm, which would adversely affect our reputation and results of operations.

The Company faces fierce competition in the financial and securities services industry in Hong Kong and may lose our competitive edge to its competitors.

There is a significant number of existing market participants in the financial and securities services industry in Hong Kong providing services similar to ours. The Company’s larger competitors may have advantages over the Company such as having better brand recognition and reputation in the market, wider range of value adding services, stronger human and financial resources, longer operating histories, and operational presence in more geographic locations. The Company also faces competition from local medium and small-sized financial services providers which offer similar range of services. New participants may enter into the market insofar as they have engaged appropriate qualified professionals and obtained the requisite regulatory licenses and permits. Given the keen competition, the Company cannot assure that it will be able to maintain its competitive edge in response to the fast-changing business environment. In addition, competition creates an unfavorable pricing environment in the market in which the Company operates. Intensified competition may cause us to reduce its service fees or commission rates in order to compete with other market players, which could place significant pressure on our ability to maintain gross margins and is particularly acute during market slowdowns, and will in turn materially and adversely affect its market share, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company faces significant competition in the online brokerage industries, and if it is unable to compete effectively, it may lose our market share and its results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

The market for online brokerage services is relatively new, rapidly evolving and intensely competitive. The Company expects competition to continue and intensify in the future. The Company faces competition from traditional retail brokerage firms and financial service providers in Hong Kong and worldwide, many of which may be significantly larger than it is with access to exponentially greater resources. Major international brokerage companies that have large retail online brokerage businesses as well as online brokerage units of commercial banks may also take advantage of their established resources and satisfy applicable regulatory requirements through acquisitions and organic development. The Company expects competition to increase in the future as current competitors diversify and improve their offerings and as new participants enter the market. In order to satisfy the demands of customers for hands-on electronic trading facilities, universal access to markets, smart routing, better trading tools, lower commissions and financing rates, it has embarked on building such facilities and service enhancements. It is building custom-made software and applications to enhance various aspects of our business, including customer services, trading, wealth management, and portfolio construction and monitoring.

Plutus Group cannot assure you that its efforts to enhance its service offerings will be successful or that it will be able to compete effectively or efficiently with current or future competitors. The Company’s competitors may be acquired by, receive investment from, or enter into strategic relationships with, established and well-financed companies or investors, which would help enhance their competitiveness. Furthermore, the current competitors and new entrants in the online brokerage and wealth management industries may also seek to develop new service offerings, technologies or capabilities that could render some of the services that the Company offers obsolete or less competitive, and some of them may adopt more aggressive pricing policies or devote greater resources to marketing and promotional campaigns than it does. The occurrence of any of these circumstances may hinder the Company’s growth and reduce our market share, and thus its business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.

We have a substantial customer concentration, with a limited number of customers accounting for a substantial portion of our revenues.

We derive a significant portion of our revenues from a few major customers. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, one customer accounted for 26% of our total revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2022, two customers accounted for 16% and 12% of our total revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2021, three customers accounted for 29%, 25% and 22% of our total revenues. As of June 30, 2023, one customer accounted for 13% of the total balance of loans to customers and receivables from customer. As of December 31, 2022, one customer accounted for 14% of the total balance of loans to customers and receivables from customers. As of December 31, 2021, two customers accounted for 21% and 12% of the total balance of loans to customers and receivables from customers.

There are inherent risks whenever a large percentage of total revenues are concentrated with a limited number of customers. We cannot guarantee that these customers will continue to retain us to provide them brokerage services, asset management services or margin financing services. Their demands for our financial services may be affected due to factors such as changes in investment preference, market outlook and general economy, which are beyond our control. Any decline in demand or termination of the services offered by us by our top customers may materially negatively affect our revenues, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, there are risks inherent in a large portion of our receivables being concentrated amongst a small number of customers. Should one or more customers owing a large portion of our receivables experience financial difficulties and be unable to re-pay their loans timely, not only will our revenues and results of operations be adversely affected, our net assets and ability to continue operating would be severely jeopardized.

If the Company is unable to retain existing customers or attract new customers to increase their trading volume, or if it fails to offer services to address the needs of its customers as they evolve, the Company’s business and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

The Company derives a significant portion of its revenues from the online brokerage services provided by Plutus Securities to the Company’s customers. To maintain the high growth momentum of the platforms, the Company depends on retaining current customers and attracting more new customers. If there is insufficient demand for the Company’s online brokerage and margin financing services, the Company might not be able to maintain and increase its trading volume and revenues as it expects, and its business and results of operations may be adversely affected.

The Company’s success depends largely on its ability to retain existing customers. The Company’s customers may not continue to place trading orders or increase the level of their trading activities through the Company’s platforms if it cannot match the prices offered by other market players or if the Company fail to deliver satisfactory services. Failure to deliver services in a timely manner at competitive prices with satisfactory experience will cause our customers to lose confidence in us and use our platforms less frequently or even stop using our platforms altogether, which in turn will materially and adversely affect its business. Even if the Company is able to provide high-quality and satisfactory services through its platforms in a timely manner and at favorable price terms, it cannot assure you that it will be able to retain existing customers due to reasons out of its control, such as its customers’ personal financial reasons or the deterioration of the capital markets condition.

If the Company is unable to maintain or increase its customer retention rates or generate new customers in a cost-effective manner, its business, financial condition and results of operations would likely be adversely affected. Historically, the Company incurred HK$4,500,000, nil and nil in advertising and marketing expenses, representing 10.5%, nil and nil of its total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. Due to COVID-19 related travel restrictions in 2022, the Company did not expend funds on marketing during that year. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had pre-paid certain marketing expenses in the amount of HK$1,400,000. The related marketing activities, however, did not commence until the second half of 2023. Accordingly, marketing expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 were nil, and the HK$1,400,000 advanced is reflected as a pre-payment on the Company’s balance sheet as of June 30, 2023. Although the Company has spent significant financial resources on marketing expenses and plans to continue to do so, these efforts may not be cost-effective to attract new customers. The Company cannot assure you that it will be able to maintain or grow its customer base in a cost-effective way.

Plutus Group must stay abreast of the needs and preferences of its customers to serve their evolving trading needs as their investment demands change. If it fails to retain its existing customers by offering services that cater to their evolving investment and trading needs, the Company may not be able to maintain and continue to grow the trading volume facilitated by its platforms, and its business and results of operations may be adversely affected. In addition, if the Company is unable to maintain, enhance or develop the methods the Company uses to retain customers, the costs of customer retention will significantly increase, and its ability to retain customers may be harmed.

Similar to other brokerage and financial services providers, the Company cannot guarantee the profitability of the investment made by customers through its platforms. The profitability of its customers’ investment is directly affected by elements beyond our control, such as economic and political conditions, broad trends in business and finance, changes in volume of securities transactions, changes in the markets in which such transactions occur and changes in how such transactions are processed. While the Company does not provide securities investment consulting services to our users and customers, it provides a social community and information services to facilitate the provision of financial and market information. Although these materials and commentaries contain prominent disclaimers, its customers may seek to hold us responsible when they use such information to make trading decisions and suffer financial loss on their trades, or if their trades are not as profitable as they have expected. Furthermore, it is possible that some customers could solely rely on certain predictive statements made by other users on the Company’s platforms, ignoring our alert warnings that customers should make their own investment judgment and should not predict future performance based on historical records. As a result, the financial loss of its customers may affect the Company’s performance in terms of transaction volumes and revenues as customers decide to abort trading. In addition, some customers who have suffered substantial losses through the Company’s platforms may blame the Company’s platforms, seek to recover their damages from us or bring lawsuits against the Company.

Because our revenues and profitability depend largely on customers’ trading volume, they are prone to significant fluctuations and are difficult to predict. Declines in trading volumes generally result in lower revenues from transaction execution activities, which may affect our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Our revenues and profitability depend in part on the level of trading activity of the securities of our customers, which are often affected by factors beyond our control, including economic and political conditions, broad trends in business and finance and changes in the markets in which such transactions occur. Weaknesses in the markets in which the Company operates, including economic slowdowns, have historically resulted in reduced trading volumes for us. Declines in trading volumes generally result in lower revenues from transaction execution activities. Lower levels of volatility generally have the same directional impact. Declines in market values of securities or other financial instruments can also result in illiquid markets, which can also result in lower revenues and profitability from transaction execution activities. Lower price levels of securities and other financial instruments, as well as compressed bid/ask spreads, which often follow lower pricing, can further result in reduced revenues and profitability. These factors can also increase the potential risk for losses on securities or other financial instruments held in inventory and failures of buyers and sellers to fulfill their obligations and settle their trades, as well as claims and litigation. Any of the foregoing factors could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our business is also subject to general economic and political conditions, in particular the economic and political conditions in Hong Kong and worldwide, such as macroeconomic and monetary policies, legislation and regulations affecting the financial and securities industries, upward and downward trends in the business and financial sectors, inflation, currency fluctuations, availability of short-term and long-term funding sources, cost of funding and the level and volatility of interest rates. For example, volatility and drops in stock market performance and uncertainties in macroeconomic conditions caused by global calamities such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic could negatively impact our revenues and profitability. See “Risk Factor – A sustained outbreak of the COVID-19 virus could have a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition.” As a result of these risks, our income and operating results may be subject to significant fluctuations.

The current level of commission and fee rates may decline in the future. Any material reduction in our commission or fee rates could reduce our profitability.

The Company derives a significant portion of its revenues from commissions and fees paid by our customers for trading securities through its platforms. In the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, our brokerage commission income and handling charge income, and underwriting and placing service income amounted to HK$34,944,000 and HK$5,688,000 (US$729,000), representing 81.3% and 29.5% of our total revenues during the same years, respectively. In the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, our brokerage commission income and handling charge income, and underwriting and placing service income amounted to HK$2,239,000 and HK$3,888,000, representing 25.2% and 44.6% of our total revenues during the same periods, respectively.

The Company may experience pressure on our commission or fee rates as a result of competition the Company faces in the online brokerage service industry. Some of the Company’s competitors offer a broader range of services to a larger customer base and enjoy higher trading volumes than the Company does. Consequently, the Company’s competitors may be able and willing to offer trading services at lower commission or fee rates than the Company currently offers or may be able to offer. For example, some brokers in Hong Kong offer zero commission fees or similar policies to attract retail securities investors. As a result of this pricing competition, the Company could lose both market share and revenues. The Company believes that any downward pressure on commission or fee rates would likely continue and intensify as it continues to develop our business and gain recognition in our markets. A decline in its commission or fee rates could lower its revenues, which would adversely affect the Company’s profitability. In addition, the Company’s competitors may offer other financial incentives such as rebates or discounts in order to induce trading in their systems rather than in ours. If its commission or fee rate decreases significantly, the Company’s operating and financial results may be materially and adversely affected.

If the Company does not obtain substantial additional financing, including the financing sought in this offering, its ability to execute on its business plan as outlined in this prospectus will be impaired.

The Company’s plans for business expansion and development are dependent upon raising significant additional capital, including the capital sought in this offering. The Company’s plans call for significant new investments in the development of tailor-made software and applications, additional funding for customer margin and credit-line trading, expansion of our customer manager and wealth-management teams, and other items. Management estimates that our capital needs for expansion will be approximately HK$22,000,000. Although the Company expects the proceeds of this offering and its net earnings to substantially fund our planned growth and development, the Company’s management will be required to properly and carefully administer and allocate these funds. Should the Company’s capital needs be higher than estimated, or should additional capital be required after the close of this offering, it will be required to seek additional investments, loans or debt financing to fully pursue our business plans. Such additional investment may not be available to us on terms which are favorable or acceptable. Should the Company be unable to meet our full capital needs, its ability to fully implement our business plan will be impaired.

The Company’s business growth and results of operations may be affected by changes in global and regional macroeconomic conditions.

The strong growth of China’s offshore investment and wealth management markets in recent years has been mainly driven by the rapid expansion in personal investable assets attributable to the increased number of high net-worth individuals and affluent groups and their increasing demands for geographically diverse investment portfolios. However, slowdowns in the Chinese economy will affect the income growth of such individuals, who are the main investors in the investment and wealth management markets outside China, and add uncertainties to these markets.

In addition, uncertainties about China, U.S. and global economic conditions and regulatory changes pose a risk as retail investors and businesses may postpone spending in response to credit constraint, rising unemployment rates, financial market volatility, government austerity programs, negative financial news, declines in income or asset values and/or other factors. These worldwide and regional economic conditions could affect and reduce investment behavior and appetites of retail investors and have a material adverse effect on the demand for our products and services. Demand also could differ materially from our expectations as a result of currency fluctuations. Other factors that could influence worldwide or regional demand include changes in fuel and other energy costs, conditions in the real estate and mortgage markets, unemployment, labor and healthcare costs, access to credit, consumer confidence and other macroeconomic factors. Furthermore, eruptions of regional tensions, such as the ongoing military conflict involving Ukraine and Russia, and the related sanctions against Russia have resulted in major economic shocks worldwide and substantial volatility across global financial markets. These and other economic factors could materially and adversely affect demand for our products and services. Additionally, continued turbulence in the international markets may adversely affect our ability to access the capital markets to meet liquidity needs.

A sustained outbreak of the COVID-19 virus could have a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition.

There has been a sustained outbreak of the COVID-19 virus globally. COVID-19 had a severe and negative impact on the global economy in 2021 and 2022. Since 2020, governments around the globe have taken measures to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus, including quarantining individuals infected with or suspected of having COVID-19, prohibiting residents from free travel, encouraging employees of enterprises to work remotely from home and cancelling public activities, among others. The COVID-19 has also resulted in temporary closure of many corporate offices around the world.

In addition, as the outbreak continues to threaten global economies, it may continue to cause significant market volatility and declines in general economic activities. Even before the outbreak of COVID-19, the global macroeconomic environment was facing numerous challenges. There is considerable uncertainty over the long-term effects of the expansionary monetary and fiscal policies which had been adopted by the central banks and financial authorities of some of the world’s leading economies even before 2020. The recent outbreak of war in Ukraine has already affected global economic markets, and the uncertain resolution of this conflict could result in protracted and/or severe damage to the global economy. Russia’s recent military interventions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union, and other countries against Russia. Russia’s military incursion and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the Company’s customer’s business and its business, even though the Company does not have any direct exposure to Russia or the adjoining geographic regions. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions, and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but they could be substantial. Any such disruptions caused by Russian military action or resulting sanctions may magnify the impact of other risks described in this section. The Company cannot predict the progress or outcome of the situation in Ukraine, as the conflict and governmental reactions are rapidly developing and beyond their control. Prolonged unrest, intensified military activities, or more extensive sanctions impacting the region could have a material adverse effect on the global economy, and such effect could in turn have a material adverse effect on the business outlook of the Company’s business.

The Company has taken a series of measures in response to the outbreak to protect its employees, including, among others, temporary closure of some offices, remote working arrangements for our employees and travel restrictions or suspension. The Company has also suspended face-to-face customer meetings and account opening, and instead implemented remote KYC procedures and video conference meetings which have partially compensated for the challenges caused by COVID-19 related restrictions. In general, while these measures reduced the efficiency of the Company’s operations, it was not significantly impacted in 2022. The extent to which COVID-19 impacts our results of operations in 2023 will depend on the future developments of the pandemic, including new information concerning the efficacy of vaccines and the global severity of and actions taken to contain the pandemic, which are highly uncertain and unpredictable. In addition, our results of operations could be adversely affected to the extent that the pandemic harms the global economies in general.

The Company may not be able to develop its margin financing business as expected and may be exposed to credit risks related to these businesses, primarily arising from loans and advances, and receivables. In addition, the Company needs adequate funding at reasonable costs to successfully operate its margin financing business, and access to adequate funding at reasonable costs cannot be assured.

The margin financing business of the Company may not develop as expected if customers fail to perform contractual obligations or the value of collateral held to secure the obligations is inadequate. As of December 31, 2021 and 2022 and June 30, 2023, the Company’s loans to customers were HK$71,894,000, HK$56,525,000 and HK$40,815,000, respectively. As the Company’s margin financing business expands, it may be subject to greater credit risks.

The Company has adopted comprehensive internal policies and procedures designed to manage such risks. For example, once the margin value falls below the outstanding amount of the relevant loan extended as a result of a market downturn or adverse movement in the prices of the pledged securities, it will make a margin call requesting the customer to deposit additional funds, sell securities or pledge additional securities to top up their margin value. If the customer’s margin value still falls below the required standard, we will initiate our liquidation protection mechanism on a real-time basis to bring the customer’s account into margin compliance. Although the Company has not incurred losses from or experienced disputes arising out of margin financing during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, it cannot assure you that it will not be exposed to any credit risks associated with its margin financing business, nor can it ensure that it will not experience disputes with its customers after the Company makes margin calls in the future. In particular, the Company may not always be able to fully recover the margin value through margin calls and its exposure to credit loss may be exacerbated during periods of high market volatility. In certain periods, the securities pledged by the Company’s customers may be concentrated on a limited number of securities which may result in a concentration of the Company’s credit exposures to such securities. In the event the Company’s need to liquidate a large amount of certain pledged securities, it may put a further downward pressure on the price of such securities, and it may not be able to fully recover the margin value.

In addition, with regard to receivables there can be no assurance that all counterparties of the Company will meet their payment obligations on time, in full or at all. As of December 31, 2021 and 2022 and June 30, 2023, the balance of our receivables amounted to HK$3,420,000, HK$4,210,000 and HK$4,606,000, respectively. If the Company fails to adequately manage our credit risks, they could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. See “Our risk management policies and procedures may not be fully effective in identifying or mitigating risk exposure in all market environments or against all types of risks.”

Moreover, the growth and success of our margin financing business depend on the availability of adequate funding to meet our customer demand for margin loans through the Company’s platforms. The Company provided margin financing service for trading of securities listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. As of June 30, 2023, outstanding margin financing balance was HK$40,815,000 (US$5,208,000). The Company derives the funding for its margin financing business via its internal resources, and there are no financing costs or other related costs for its margin lending activities. To the extent there is insufficient funding from institutional funding partners who are willing to accept the credit risk related to the collateral from the Company’s customers, the funds available for the Company’s margin financing business might be limited and its ability to provide margin financing services to its customers to address their demand for loans would be adversely impacted. In addition, as the Company strives to offer its customers competitively priced services and the online brokerage market is intensely competitive, the Company may attempt to further reduce our interest expenses from its funding partners. If the Company cannot continue to maintain its relationship with these funding partners and obtain adequate funding at reasonable costs, it may not be able to continue to offer or grow our margin financing business. To the extent that the Company’s funding partners find the risk-adjusted returns with us less attractive, it may not be able to obtain the requisite level of funding at reasonable costs, or at all. If it is unable to provide our customers with margin loans or fund the loans on a timely basis due to insufficient funding or less favorable pricing compared to those of our competitors, it would harm the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

Fluctuations in market interest rates may negatively affect the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

The Company derives a part of its revenues from charging interests on margin balances in connection with our margin financing business. In years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, the Company’s revenues from interest income derived from its margin financing businesses amounted to HK$4,818,000 and HK$6,990,000, representing 11.2% and 36.3% of our total revenues during the same years, respectively.

In six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, the Company’s revenues from interest income derived from its margin financing businesses amounted to HK$3,478,000 and HK$3,338,000, representing 39.1% and 38.3% of our total revenues respectively.

The trend of the level of interest rates is an important factor affecting our earnings. A decline in interest rates may have a negative impact on the Company’s interest income and thus ultimately adversely impact its total revenues. While the Company generally derives higher interest income when there is an increase in market interest rates, a rise in interest rates may also cause its interest expenses to increase. If it is unable to effectively manage its interest rate risk, changes in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s profitability.

Although the Company’s management believes that it has implemented effective management strategies to reduce the potential effects of changes in interest rates on our results of operations, any substantial, unexpected or prolonged change in market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. Also, the Company’s interest rate risk modeling techniques and assumptions likely may not fully predict or capture the impact of actual interest rate changes on its balance sheet. For further discussion of how changes in interest rates could impact us, see the Section “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk—Interest Rate Risk” of this prospectus.

A significant decrease in the Company’s liquidity could negatively affect its business and financial management as well as reduce customer confidence in the Company.

Maintaining adequate liquidity is crucial to the Company’s business operations. The Company meets its liquidity needs primarily through cash generated by customer trading activities and operating earnings, as well as cash provided by external financing. Fluctuations in customer cash or deposit balances, as well as changes in regulatory treatment of customer deposits or market conditions, may affect our ability to meet our liquidity needs. A reduction in the Company’s liquidity position could reduce its users’ and customers’ confidence, which could result in the loss of customer trading accounts, or could cause us to fail to satisfy our liquidity requirements. In addition, if the Company fails to meet regulatory capital guidelines, regulators could limit its operations.

Factors which may adversely affect the Company’s liquidity position include having temporary liquidity demands due to timing differences between brokerage transaction settlements and the availability of segregated cash balances, unanticipated outflows of company cash, fluctuations in cash held in banking or brokerage customer trading accounts, a dramatic increase in customers’ margin-financing activities, increased capital requirements, changes in regulatory guidance or interpretations, other regulatory changes, or a loss of market or customer confidence.

If cash generated by customer trading activities and operating earnings is not sufficient for the Company’s liquidity needs, the Company may be forced to seek external financing. During periods of disruptions in the credit and capital markets, potential sources of external financing could be reduced, and borrowing costs could increase. Financing may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all, due to market conditions or disruptions in the credit markets. If the Company experiences any significant decrease in its liquidity, its business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted.

A significant change in customers’ cash allocations could negatively impact the Company’s net interest revenues and financial results.

The Company derives interest income from depositing un-invested cash balances in its customers’ brokerage trading accounts opened with us at our bank partners. In the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, the Company generated HK$1,000 and HK$17,000 (US$2,000) in interest income from bank deposits, respectively, In the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, the Company generated HK$1,000 and HK$67,000) in interest income from bank deposits, respectively a significant portion of which was derived from uninvested cash balances in the Company’s customers’ accounts.

As a result, a significant reduction in the Company’s customers’ allocation to cash, a change in the allocation of that cash (for example as a result of using cash to purchase mutual funds through our platforms), or a transfer of cash out of their accounts opened through the Company’s platforms could reduce our interest income and negatively impact our financial results.

The wealth management products that the Company offers involve various risks and failure to identify or fully appreciate such risks may negatively affect the Company’s reputation, customer relationships, results of operations and financial conditions.

Plutus Group offers its customers access to money market, fixed income, equity, balanced, private funds as well as bonds, catering to different investment targets and risk preferences of its customers. These products often have complex structures and involve various risks, including default risks, interest risks, liquidity risks, market risks, counterparty risks, fraud risks and other risks. In addition, the Company is subject to regulations in relation to wealth management products offered in different jurisdictions, and there is no assurance that its operation will be deemed as in full compliance with such regulations at all times.

The Company’s success in offering our wealth management products and services depends, in part, on its ability to successfully identify the risks associated with such products and services, and failure to identify or fully appreciate such risks may negatively affect our reputation, customer relationships, results of operations and financial conditions. Although the Company does not guarantee the principal or the return of the wealth management products available through its platforms and does not bear any liabilities for any loss to capital invested in the products, it must be cautious of the selection of the financial products it offers and must accurately describe the risks associated with those products for its customers. Although the Company enforces and implements strict risk management policies and procedures, such risk management policies and procedures may not be fully effective in mitigating the risk exposure for all of its customers in all market environments or covering all types of risks. If the Company fails to identify and fully appreciate the risks associated with the financial products it offers, or fails to disclose such risks to its customers, or if its customers suffer financial losses or other damages resulting from the financial products the Company offers, its reputation, customer relationships, results of operations and financial conditions will be materially and adversely affected.

If the Company fails to respond in a timely and cost-effective manner to the needs of its users and customers or if its new service offerings do not achieve sufficient market acceptance, the Company’s business and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

The Company’s future success will depend partially on its ability to develop and introduce new service offerings to respond to the evolving needs of our users and customers in a timely and cost-effective manner. The Company provides services in markets that are characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, frequent new service introductions, and increasing demand for higher levels of customer experience. The Company has expanded our service offerings to include asset management services since 2019 and wealth management services to high net worth individuals since late 2021, and it may continue to expand its new service offerings in the future. In addition, the Company also provides certain services to corporate customers. However, the Company has limited experience in new service offerings, and expansion into new service offerings may involve new risks and challenges that it may not have experienced before. The Company cannot assure you that it will be able to overcome such new risks and challenges and make its new service offerings successful. Initial timetables for the introduction and development of new service offerings may not be achieved and profitability targets may not prove feasible. External factors, such as compliance with regulations, competition and shifting market preferences, may also impact the successful implementation of the Company’s new service offerings. The Company’s personnel and technology systems may fail to adapt to the changes in such new areas or it may fail to effectively integrate new services into its existing operation. The Company may lack experience in managing its new service offerings. In addition, the Company may be unable to proceed our operation as planned or compete effectively due to different competitive landscapes in these new areas. Even if the Company expands its businesses into new jurisdictions or areas, the expansion may not yield intended profitable results. Furthermore, any new service offerings could have a significant impact on the effectiveness of its internal control system. Failure to successfully manage these risks in the development and implementation of new service offerings could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

The Company’s ability to anticipate and identify the evolving needs of its users and customers and to develop and introduce new service offerings to address such needs will be a significant factor in maintaining or improving our competitive position and prospects for growth. It may also have to incur substantial unanticipated costs to maintain and further strengthen such ability. The Company’s success will also depend on its ability to develop and introduce new services and enhance existing services for its users and customers in a timely manner. Even if the Company introduces new and enhanced services to the market, they may not achieve market acceptance.

The Company believes that it must continue to make investments to develop new or enhanced service offerings to remain competitive. It needs to continue to develop and introduce new services that incorporate the latest technological advancements in response to evolving user and customer needs. The Company’s business and results of operations could be adversely affected if it does not anticipate or respond adequately to technological developments or the changing needs of its users and customers. The Company cannot assure you that any such investments in research and development will lead to any corresponding increase in revenue.

The Company’s risk management policies and procedures may not be fully effective in identifying or mitigating risk exposure in all market environments or against all types of risks.

The Company has devoted significant resources to developing its risk management policies and procedures and will continue to do so. Nonetheless, its policies and procedures to identify, monitor and manage risks may not be fully effective in mitigating the Company’s risk exposure in all market environments or against all types of risks. Many of the Company’s risk management policies are based upon observed historical market behavior or statistics based on historical models. During periods of market volatility or due to unforeseen events, the historically derived correlations upon which these methods are based may not be valid. As a result, these methods may not predict future exposures accurately, which could be significantly greater than what our models indicate. This could cause us to incur losses or cause its risk management strategies to be ineffective. Other risk management methods depend upon the evaluation of information regarding markets, business partners, customers, catastrophe occurrence or other matters that are publicly available or otherwise accessible to us, which may not always be accurate, complete, up-to-date or properly evaluated.

In addition, although the Company performs due diligence on potential customers, it cannot assure you that it will be able to identify all the possible issues based on the information available to the Company. If a user or customer does not meet the relevant qualification requirements under applicable laws but is still able to use the Company’s services, the Company may be subject to regulatory actions and penalties and held liable for damages. Management of operational, legal and regulatory risks requires, among other things, policies and procedures to properly record and verify a large number of transactions and events, and these policies and procedures may not be fully effective in mitigating our risk exposure in all market environments or against all types of risks.

Unexpected network interruptions, security breaches or computer virus attacks and failures in the Company’s information technology systems could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company’s information technology systems support substantially all phases of its operations and are an essential part of its technology infrastructure. If the Company’s systems fail to perform, the Company could experience disruptions in operations, slower response time or decreased customer satisfaction. The Company must process, record and monitor a large number of transactions and its operations are highly dependent on the integrity of its technology systems and the Company’s ability to make timely enhancements and additions to its systems. System interruptions, errors or downtime can result from a variety of causes, including unexpected interruptions to the internet infrastructure, technological failures, changes to the Company’s systems, erroneous or corrupted data, changes in customer usage patterns, linkages with third-party systems and power failures. The Company’s systems are also vulnerable to disruptions from human error, execution errors, errors in models such as those used for risk management and compliance, employee misconduct, unauthorized trading, external fraud, computer viruses, distributed denial of service attacks, computer viruses or cyberattacks, terrorist attacks, natural disaster, power outage, capacity constraints, software flaws, events impacting our key business partners and vendors, and other similar events.

The Company’s internet-based business depends on the performance and reliability of the internet infrastructure. The Company cannot assure you that the internet infrastructure it depends on will remain sufficiently reliable for its needs. Any failure to maintain the performance, reliability, security or availability of our network infrastructure may cause significant damage to the Company’s ability to attract and retain users and customers. Major risks involving our network infrastructure include:

●	breakdowns or system failures resulting in a prolonged shutdown of our servers;

●	disruption or failure in the national backbone networks in China, which would make it impossible for users and customers to access our online and mobile platforms;

●	physical or cyber based attacks on our servers and other network infrastructure, which may result in disruptions to our network and damages to our technology infrastructure;

●	damage from natural disasters or other catastrophic events such as typhoon, volcanic eruption, earthquake, flood, telecommunications failure, or other similar events; and

●	any infection by or spread of computer viruses or other system failures.

In addition, any network interruptions or inadequacy on the part of the Company’s third-party partners may result in disruptions to the services we provide to its users and customers. For example, there have been occasions where some of the Company’s customers were not able to timely execute trades because of poor or delayed performances of software, infrastructure or systems of its third-party partners, which may be exacerbated by sudden increase in trading or other user activity volume. The Company also experienced system shutdown in the past. Such disruptions and other interruptions in the availability of the Company’s services could reduce user and customer satisfaction and result in a reduction in the activity level of the Company’s users and customers as well as the number of customers making trading transactions through our platforms. See “Risk Factor – Failure or poor performance of third-party software, infrastructure or systems on which the Company relies could adversely affect its business.” Furthermore, increases in the volume of traffic on the Company’s online and mobile platforms could strain the capacity of its existing computer systems and bandwidth, which could lead to slower response times or system failures. This could cause a disruption or suspension in its service delivery, which could hurt the Company’s brand and reputation. The Company may need to incur additional costs to upgrade our technology infrastructure and computer systems in order to accommodate increased demand if it anticipates that its systems cannot handle higher volumes of traffic and transaction in the future. In addition, it could take an extended period of time to restore full functionality to the Company’s technology or other operating systems in the event of an unforeseen occurrence, which could affect the Company’s ability to process and settle customer transactions. Despite the Company’s efforts to identify areas of risk, oversee operational areas involving risks, and implement policies and procedures designed to manage these risks, there can be no assurance that it will not suffer unexpected losses, reputational damage or regulatory actions due to technology or other operational failures or errors, including those of its vendors or other third parties.

If the Company fails to protect its platforms or the information of its users and customers, whether due to cyber-attacks, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-in, breaches by third parties or other reasons, it may be subject to liabilities imposed by relevant laws and regulations, and the Company’s reputation and business may be materially and adversely affected.

The Company’s computer system, the networks it uses, the networks and online trading platforms of the exchanges and other third parties with whom it interacts, are potentially vulnerable to physical or electronic computer break-ins, viruses and similar disruptive problems or security breaches. A party that is able to circumvent our security measures could misappropriate proprietary information or customer information, jeopardize the confidential nature of the information the Company transmits over the Internet and mobile network or cause interruptions in our operations. The Company of its service providers may be required to invest significant resources to protect against the threat of security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by any breaches.

In addition, the Company collects, stores and processes certain personal and other sensitive data from its users and customers, which makes the Company a potentially vulnerable target to cyber-attacks, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins or similar disruptions. While the Company has taken steps to protect the confidential information that it has access to, its security measures could be breached. Because the techniques used to sabotage or obtain unauthorized access to systems change frequently and generally are not recognized until they are launched against a target, the Company may not be able to anticipate these techniques or implement adequate preventative measures. Any accidental or intentional security breaches or other unauthorized access to our system could cause confidential user information to be stolen and used for criminal purposes. Security breaches or unauthorized access to confidential information could also expose us to liability related to the loss of the information, time-consuming and expensive litigation and negative publicity. The Company has not experienced any material cyber-security breaches or been subject to any material breaches of any of our cyber-security measures in the past.

In addition, leakages of confidential information may be caused by third-party service providers or business partners. If security measures are breached because of third-party action, employee error, malfeasance or otherwise, or if design flaws in our technology infrastructure are exposed and exploited, the Company’s relationships with users and customers could be severely damaged, it may become susceptible to future claims if its users and customers suffer damages and could incur significant liability and its business and operations could be adversely affected. Furthermore, the Company’s corporate customers may utilize the Company’s technology to serve their own employees and customers. Any failure or perceived failure by the Company to prevent information security breaches or to comply with privacy policies or privacy-related legal obligations, or any compromise of security that results in the unauthorized release or transfer of personally identifiable information or other customer data, could cause its customers to lose trust in the Company and could expose it to legal claims and regulatory actions.

Failure or poor performance of third-party software, infrastructure or systems on which the Company relies could adversely affect its business.

The Company relies on third parties to provide and maintain certain infrastructure that is critical to its business. For example, a strategic partner provides services to the Company in connection with various aspects of the Company’s operations and systems. If such services become limited, restricted, curtailed or less effective or more expensive in any way or become unavailable to us for any reason, the Company’s business may be materially and adversely affected. The infrastructure of the Company’s third-party service providers may malfunction or fail due to events out of its control, which could disrupt its operations and have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Any failure to maintain and renew the relationships with these third parties on commercially favorable terms, or to enter into similar relationships in the future, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company also relies on certain third-party software, third-party computer systems and service providers, including clearing systems, exchange systems, alternate trading systems, order-routing systems, internet service providers, communications facilities and other facilities. Any interruption in these third-party services or software, deterioration in their performance, or other improper operation could interfere with the Company’s trading activities, cause losses due to erroneous or delayed responses, or otherwise be disruptive to its business. In addition, if the Company’s arrangements with any third party are terminated, the Company may not be able to find an alternative source of software or systems support on a timely basis or on commercially reasonable terms. This could also have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company relies on a number of external service providers for certain key market information and data, technology, processing and supporting functions.

The Company relies on a number of external service providers for certain key market information and data, technology, processing and supporting functions. Furthermore, external content providers provide the Company with financial information, market news, charts, futures and stock quotes and other fundamental data that the Company offers to its customers and users. These service providers face technical, operational and security risks of their own. Any significant failures by them, including improper use or disclosure of our confidential customer, employee or company information, could interrupt the Company’s business, cause the Company to incur losses and harm its reputation. Particularly, the Company have contracted with affiliates of Nasdaq, the Hong Kong Exchange and Clearing Limited, and a few other institutions to allow its customers to access real-time market information data, which are essential for its customers to make their investment decisions and take actions. If the data provided by such information providers were inaccurate or incomplete, or if such information providers fail to update or deliver the data in a timely manner as provided in the agreements, the Company’s customers may suffer losses and our business operations and reputation can be materially and adversely affected.

The Company cannot assure you that the external service providers will be able to continue to provide these services to meet its current needs in an efficient and cost-effective manner, or that they will be able to adequately expand their services to meet our needs in the future. The external service providers’ ability to consistently provide these services is subject to risks from unfavorable political, economic, legal or other developments, such as social or political instability, changes in governmental policies or changes in the applicable laws and regulations.

An interruption in or the cessation of service by any external service provider as a result of system failures, capacity constraints, financial constraints or problems, unanticipated trading market closures or for any other reason and our inability to make alternative arrangements in a smooth and timely manner, if at all, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Further, disputes might arise out of or in connection with the agreements regarding the Company’s or the service providers’ performance of the obligations thereunder. To the extent that any service provider disagrees with the Company on the quality of the products or services, terms and conditions of the payment or other provisions of such agreements, the Company may face claims, disputes, litigations or other proceedings initiated by such service provider against us. The Company may also incur substantial expenses and require significant attention of management in defending against these claims, regardless of their merit. It could also face damages to its reputation as a result of such claims, and the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.

If major mobile application distribution channels change their standard terms and conditions in a manner that is detrimental to the Company, or terminate their existing relationship with the Company, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

The Company currently relies on Apple’s app store, Google’s Play Store and major PRC-based Android app stores to distribute our mobile application, “Plutus Trader” to users. As such, the promotion, distribution and operation of our application are subject to such distribution platforms’ standard terms and policies for application developers, which are subject to the interpretation of, and frequent changes by, these distribution channels. If these third-party distribution platforms change their terms and conditions in a manner that is detrimental to the Company, or refuse to distribute the Company’s application, or if any other major distribution channel with which the Company would like to seek collaboration refuses to collaborate with it in the future, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

The Company is dependent upon key executives and highly qualified managers and the Company cannot assure their recruitment and continued retention.

The success of the Company depends, in part, upon the continued services of key members of its management. The Company’s executives’ and managers’ knowledge of the markets, the Company and its business represents a key strength of the Company’s business, which cannot be easily replicated. The success of the Company’s business strategy and its future growth also depend on the Company’s ability to attract, train, retain and motivate skilled managerial, financial, sales, administration, development and operating personnel.

There can be no assurance that the Company’s existing personnel will be adequate or qualified to carry out its strategy, or that the Company will be able to hire or retain experienced, qualified employees to carry out its strategy. The loss of one or more of their key management or operating personnel of the Company, or the failure to attract and retain additional key personnel, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to the Company’s Corporate Structure

The Company’s founder Zhisheng Zhao, and its CEO, Ting Kin Cheung, currently own an aggregate of 86.0% of the total voting power of the Company’s outstanding Ordinary Shares, and will own 73.2% immediately after the completion of this offering, assuming the underwriter does not exercise its over-allotment option.

Currently, the Company’s founder and its CEO together own an aggregate of 86.0% of the total voting power of the Company’s outstanding Ordinary Shares and will own an aggregate of 73.2% of the total voting power of its outstanding Ordinary Shares immediately after the completion of this offering, assuming the underwriter does not exercise it over-allotment option. The Company’s founder and majority shareholder and its CEO will have significant influence on determining the outcome of any corporate transaction or other matter submitted to the shareholders for approval, including mergers, consolidations, the election of directors and other significant corporate actions. The Company’s majority shareholders will also have the power to prevent or cause a change in control. Without the consent of our majority shareholders, the Company may be prevented from entering into transactions that could be beneficial to it or its minority shareholders. The interests of the Company’s majority beneficial owners may differ from the interests of its other shareholders. The concentration in the ownership of the Ordinary Shares may cause a material decline in the value of the Ordinary Shares. For more information regarding the Company’s beneficial owner and his affiliated entities, see “Principal Shareholders.”

You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through U.S. courts may be limited, because the Company is incorporated under Cayman Islands law.

Plutus Group is an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Its corporate affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, the Companies Act and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders to take action against the directors, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary duties of the Company’s directors to us under Cayman Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The common law of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the Cayman Islands as well as from the common law of England, the decisions of whose courts are of persuasive authority, but are not binding, on a court in the Cayman Islands. The rights of the Company’s shareholders and the fiduciary duties of its directors under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the Cayman Islands has a different body of securities laws than the United States. Some U.S. states, such as Delaware, have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law than the Cayman Islands. In addition, Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States. There is no statutory recognition in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the Cayman Islands will in certain circumstances recognize and enforce a non-penal judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits.

Save for the list of the names of our current directors (and, where applicable, the current alternate directors) being made available for inspection by the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands to any person upon payment of a fee by such person, shareholders of Cayman Islands exempted companies similar to Plutus Group have no general rights under Cayman Islands law to inspect corporate records or to obtain copies of lists of shareholders of these companies. Our directors have discretion under the Company’s articles of association to determine whether or not, and under what conditions, the Company’s corporate records may be inspected by its shareholders but are not obliged to make them available to the Company’s shareholders. This may make it more difficult for you to obtain the information needed to establish any facts necessary for a shareholder motion or to solicit proxies from other shareholders in connection with a proxy contest.

Certain corporate governance practices in the Cayman Islands, which is our home country, differ significantly from requirements for companies incorporated in other jurisdictions such as the United States. To the extent the Company chooses to follow home country practice with respect to corporate governance matters, the Company’s shareholders may be afforded less protection than they otherwise would under rules and regulations applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.

As a result of all of the above, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by management, members of the board of directors or controlling shareholders than they would as public shareholders of a company incorporated in the United States. For a discussion of significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Act and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders, see “Description of Share Capital—Differences in Corporate Law.”

You may be unable to present proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings not called by shareholders.

Cayman Islands law provides shareholders with only limited rights to convene a general meeting and does not provide shareholders with any right to put any proposal before a general meeting. However, these rights may be provided in a company’s articles of association. Our articles of association allow our shareholders holding shares representing in aggregate not less than 10 percent of our voting share capital in issue, to convene a general meeting of our shareholders, in which case our directors are obliged to call such meeting. Advance notice of at least 7 days is required for the convening of our general meetings. A quorum required for a meeting of shareholders consists of at least one shareholder present or by proxy, representing a majority of the paid up voting share capital in the Company.

Certain judgments obtained against us by our shareholders may not be enforceable and foreign legal systems present unique risks to investors.

Plutus Group is a Cayman Islands exempted company and substantially all of its assets are located outside of the United States. Substantially all of the Company’s current operations are conducted in the Hong Kong. In addition, its current officers are nationals and residents of countries other than the United States. Substantially all of the assets of these persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for you to bring an action against the Company or against these individuals in the United States in the event that you believe that your rights have been infringed under the U.S. federal securities laws or otherwise. Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands, Hong Kong or other relevant jurisdictions may render you unable to enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers. There is no statutory recognition in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the Cayman Islands will in certain circumstances recognize and enforce a non-penal judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits. In addition, CFN Lawyers, the Company’s counsel as to Hong Kong law, has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of Hong Kong would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, or (ii) entertain original actions brought in Hong Kong against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States. A judgment of a court in the United States predicated upon U.S. federal or state securities laws may be enforced in Hong Kong at common law by bringing an action in a Hong Kong court on that judgment for the amount due thereunder and then seeking summary judgment on the strength of the foreign judgment, provided that the foreign judgment, among other things, is (1) for a debt or a definite sum of money (not being taxes or similar charges to a foreign government taxing authority or a fine or other penalty), and (2) final and conclusive on the merits of the claim, but not otherwise. Such a judgment may not, in any event, be so enforced in Hong Kong if (a) it was obtained by fraud, (b) the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were opposed to natural justice, (c) its enforcement or recognition would be contrary to the public policy of Hong Kong, (d) the court of the United States was not jurisdictionally competent, or (e) the judgment was in conflict with a prior Hong Kong judgment. Hong Kong has no arrangement for the reciprocal enforcement of judgments with the United States. As a result, there is uncertainty as to the enforceability in Hong Kong, in original actions or in actions for enforcement, of judgments of U.S. courts of civil liabilities predicated solely upon the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state or territory within the United States. For more information regarding the relevant laws of the Cayman Islands and Hong Kong, see “Enforceability of Civil Liabilities.”

Risks Related to Doing Business In Hong Kong

Although the audit report included in this prospectus was issued by U.S. auditors who are currently inspected by the PCAOB, if it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate the Company’s auditor completely, investors would be deprived of the benefits of such inspection and the Ordinary Shares may be delisted or prohibited from trading.

The audit report included in this prospectus was issued by WWC, P.C. (“WWC”) a U.S.-based accounting firm that is registered with the PCAOB and can be inspected by the PCAOB. The Company has no intention of dismissing WWC in the future or of engaging any auditor not based in the U.S. and not subject to regular inspection by the PCAOB. As an auditor of companies that are registered with the SEC and publicly traded in the United States and a firm registered with the PCAOB, the Company’ auditor is required under the laws of the United States to undergo regular inspections by the PCAOB to assess its compliance with the laws of the United States and professional standards. If the Company was to engage a different auditor in the future, it would engage an auditor that is U.S.-based and subject to full PCAOB inspection with all materials related to the audit of our financial statements accessible to the PCAOB. There is no guarantee, however, that any future auditor engaged by the Company would remain subject to full PCAOB inspection during the entire term of our engagement. In such case, the Company will engage a new qualified and fully inspected auditor, which may result in delaying or restating the Company’s financial statements.

The PCAOB is currently unable to conduct inspections in Hong Kong without the approval of local government authorities. If it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate the Company’s auditor completely, investors may be deprived of the benefits of such inspection. Any audit reports not issued by auditors that are completely inspected by the PCAOB, or a lack of PCAOB inspections of audit work undertaken in Hong Kong that prevents the PCAOB from regularly evaluating our auditors’ audits and their quality control procedures, could result in a lack of assurance that the Company’s financial statements and disclosures are adequate and accurate.

As part of a continued regulatory focus in the United States on access to audit and other information currently protected by national law, in particular mainland China’s, in June 2019, a bipartisan group of lawmakers introduced bills in both houses of the U.S. Congress which, if passed, would require the SEC to maintain a list of issuers for which PCAOB is not able to inspect or investigate the audit work performed by a foreign public accounting firm completely. The proposed Ensuring Quality Information and Transparency for Abroad-Based Listings on our Exchanges (“EQUITABLE”) Act prescribes increased disclosure requirements for these issuers and, beginning in 2025, the delisting from U.S. national securities exchanges such as the Nasdaq of issuers included on the SEC’s list for three consecutive years. It is unclear if this proposed legislation will be enacted. Furthermore, there have been recent deliberations within the U.S. government regarding potentially limiting or restricting China-based companies from accessing U.S. capital markets. On May 20, 2020, the U.S. Senate passed the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “HFCAA”), which includes requirements for the SEC to identify issuers whose audit work is performed by auditors that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a restriction imposed by a non-U.S. authority in the auditor’s local jurisdiction. The U.S. House of Representatives passed the HFCAA on December 2, 2020, and the HFCAA was signed into law on December 18, 2020. Additionally, in July 2020, the U.S. President’s Working Group on Financial Markets issued recommendations for actions that can be taken by the executive branch, the SEC, the PCAOB or other federal agencies and department with respect to Chinese companies listed on U.S. stock exchanges and their audit firms, in an effort to protect investors in the United States. In response, on November 23, 2020, the SEC issued guidance highlighting certain risks (and their implications to U.S. investors) associated with investments in China-based issuers and summarizing enhanced disclosures the SEC recommends China-based issuers make regarding such risks. On December 2, 2021, the SEC adopted final rules relating to the implementation of certain disclosure and documentation requirements of the HFCAA. The Company will be required to comply with these rules if the SEC identifies us as having a “non-inspection” year (as defined in the interim final rules) under a process to be subsequently established by the SEC. The SEC is assessing how to implement other requirements of the HFCAA, including the listing and trading prohibition requirements described above. Under the HFCAA, as recently amended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, our securities may be prohibited from trading on the Nasdaq or other U.S. stock exchanges if our auditor is not inspected by the PCAOB for two consecutive years. On September 22, 2021, the PCAOB adopted a final rule implementing the HFCAA, which provides a framework for the PCAOB to use when determining, as contemplated under the HFCAA, whether the Board is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms located in a foreign jurisdiction because of a position taken by one or more authorities in that jurisdiction. On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued a Determination Report which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (1) mainland China of the People’s Republic of China, because of a position taken by one or more authorities in mainland China; and (2) Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region and dependency of the PRC, because of a position taken by one or more authorities in Hong Kong.

On August 26, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it had signed a Statement of Protocol (the “SOP”) with the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Finance of China. The SOP, together with two protocol agreements governing inspections and investigations (together, the “SOP Agreement”), establishes a specific, accountable framework to make possible complete inspections and investigations by the PCAOB of audit firms based in mainland China and Hong Kong, as required under U.S. law. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB issued a new Determination Report which: (1) vacated the December 16, 2021 Determination Report; and (2) concluded that the PCAOB has been able to conduct inspections and investigations completely in the PRC in 2022. The December 15, 2022 Determination Report cautions, however, that authorities in the PRC might take positions at any time that would prevent the PCAOB from continuing to inspect or investigate completely. As required by the HFCAA, if in the future the PCAOB determines it no longer can inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the PRC, the PCAOB will act expeditiously to consider whether it should issue a new determination. If the PCAOB determines in the future that it has been prohibited from conducting complete inspections and investigations of PCAOB-registered public accounting firms in mainland China and Hong Kong, then the companies audited by those registered public accounting firms would be subject to a trading prohibition on U.S. markets pursuant to the HFCA Act.

Should the PCAOB be unable to fully conduct inspection of our auditor’s work papers in Hong Kong, it will make it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of our auditor’s audit procedures or equity control procedures. Investors may consequently lose confidence in our reported financial information and procedures or quality of the financial statements, which would adversely affect us and out securities.

Risks Related to Legal Uncertainty

The Company is subject to extensive and evolving regulatory requirements in the markets the Company operates in, non-compliance with which may result in penalties, limitations and prohibitions on our future business activities or suspension or revocation of the Company’s licenses and trading rights, and consequently may materially and adversely affect its business, financial condition, operations and prospects.

The Company is subject to extensive regulations and the market in which it operates, Hong Kong, is highly regulated. However, the online brokerage service industry (including, for example, the use of cloud-based operating, computing and record keeping technology as well as biometric identification technology) is at a relatively early stage of development, and applicable laws, regulations and other requirements may be changed and adopted from time to time. The Company may be subject to examinations and inquiries by the relevant regulators on a regular or ad-hoc basis. The Company’s business operations in Hong Kong are subject to applicable Hong Kong laws, regulations, guidelines, circulars, and other regulatory guidance, including, for example, the SFO and its subsidiary legislation. These laws and regulations set out the licensing requirements, regulate the Company’s operational activities and standards, and impose requirements such as maintaining minimum liquidity or capital along with other filing, record keeping and reporting obligations relevant to its business operations. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations in markets the Company operates can result in investigations and regulatory actions, which may lead to penalties, including reprimands, fines, limitations or prohibitions on our future business activities or suspension or revocation of our licenses or trading rights. Any outcome of such nature may affect the Company’s ability to conduct business, harm our reputation and, consequently, materially and adversely affect its business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

From time to time, our SFC-licensed subsidiaries may be subject to or required to assist in inquiries or investigations by relevant regulatory authorities in Hong Kong, principally the SFC. The SFC conducts on-site reviews and off-site monitoring to ascertain and supervise our business conduct and compliance with relevant regulatory requirements and to assess and monitor, among other things, our financial soundness. The Company is subject to such regulatory examination, reviews and inquiries from time to time. If any misconduct is identified as a result of inquiries, reviews or investigations, the SFC may take disciplinary actions which could lead to revocation or suspension of licenses, public or private reprimand or imposition of pecuniary penalties against us, our responsible officers, licensed representatives, directors or other officers. Any such disciplinary actions taken against us, our responsible officers, licensed representatives, directors or other officers may have a material and adverse impact on our business operations and financial results. In addition, the Company is subject to statutory secrecy obligations under the SFO whereby it may not be permitted to disclose details on any SFC inquiries, reviews or investigations without the consent of the SFC. While the Company does not believe it is conducting securities business in China, it cannot rule out the possibility that the Company will be subject to the supervision of the CSRC or other PRC government authorities in the future.

Plutus Group does not hold any license or permit for providing securities brokerage business in mainland China. Although Plutus Group does not believe it engages in securities brokerage business in Mainland China, there remain uncertainties to the interpretation and implementation of relevant PRC laws and regulations. If some of the Company’s activities in mainland China were deemed by relevant regulators as provision of securities business such as securities brokerage services, investment consulting services, and/or futures business in mainland China, the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may be materially and adversely affected.

Pursuant to the relevant PRC laws and regulations, no entity or individual shall engage in securities business without the approval of the securities regulatory authority of the State Council. Plutus Group does not hold any license or permit in relation to providing securities brokerage business in mainland China. While the Company does not believe the business it is conducting now through our Hong Kong subsidiaries is securities brokerage business in China, the Company cannot assure you that certain of our activities such as redirecting users in China to brokers or other licensed entities outside of China will not be deemed as operating securities brokerage business in China. If some of the Company’s activities were deemed by relevant regulators as provision of securities business such as securities brokerage services, investment consulting services and/or futures business in China, it will be required to obtain relevant licenses or permits from relevant regulatory bodies, including the CSRC, and failure of obtaining such licenses or permits may subject us to regulatory actions and penalties, including fines and temporary suspension or removal of our websites, desktop devices and mobile application in China. In such cases, the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, while the Company has internal policies in place regulating relevant activities of its employees and their dealings with the Company’s business partners, if its employees or business partners engage in certain activities that relevant authorities would require permits or licenses for, the Company may be subject to regulatory enquiries or penalties and negative publicity.

The enactment of the Hong Kong National Security Law could impact the Company’s operations.

On June 30, 2020, the Standing Committee of the PRC National People’s Congress adopted the Hong Kong National Security Law. This law defines the duties and government bodies of the Hong Kong National Security Law for safeguarding national security and four categories of offenses — secession, subversion, terrorist activities, and collusion with a foreign country or external elements to endanger national security — and their corresponding penalties. On July 14, 2020, former U.S. President Donald Trump signed the Hong Kong Autonomy Act (“HKAA”) into law, authorizing the U.S. administration to impose blocking sanctions against individuals and entities who are determined to have materially contributed to the erosion of Hong Kong’s autonomy. On August 7, 2020, the U.S. government imposed HKAA-authorized sanctions on 11 individuals, including HKSAR chief executive Carrie Lam. John Lee is set to be Hong Kong’s next chief executive on July 1, 2022, replacing outgoing Carrie Lam. On October 14, 2020, the U.S. State Department submitted to relevant committees of Congress the report required under HKAA, identifying persons materially contributing to “the failure of the Government of China to meet its obligations under the Joint Declaration or the Basic Law.” In July 2021, President Joe Biden warned investors about the risks of doing business in Hong Kong, issuing an advisory saying China’s push to exert more control over Hong Kong threatens the rule of law and endangers employees and data. The HKAA further authorizes secondary sanctions, including the imposition of blocking sanctions, against foreign financial institutions that knowingly conduct a significant transaction with foreign persons sanctioned under this authority. The imposition of sanctions may directly affect the foreign financial institutions as well as any third parties or customers dealing with any foreign financial institution that are targeted. It is difficult to predict the full impact of the Hong Kong National Security Law and HKAA on Hong Kong and companies located in Hong Kong. If the Company’s subsidiaries are determined to be in violation of the Hong Kong National Security Law or the HKAA by competent authorities, the Company’s business operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Because all of the Company’s operations are in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China, the Company faces a risk that the government of the PRC could intervene in or influence its operations at any time, which could result in a material change in the Company’s operations and/or the value of its Ordinary Shares.

Currently, the Company is not required to obtain permissions or approvals from any PRC authorities to either: (1) operate its business; or (2) issue its Ordinary Shares to foreign investors. The PRC government, however, holds sovereign authority over Hong Kong and could choose in the future to: (1) exercise has significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business; and/or (2) intervene with or influence our operations as the government deems appropriate to further regulatory, political and societal goals. In the event that (i) the PRC government expanded the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC and that we Plutus Group is are required to obtain such permissions or approvals, or (ii) we Plutus Group inadvertently concluded that relevant permissions or approvals were not required or that we Plutus Group did not receive or maintain relevant permissions or approvals required, any action taken by the PRC government could significantly limit or completely hinder our operations of Plutus Group in Hong Kong and our its ability to offer or continue to offer our its Ordinary Shares to investors and could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless. Should the PRC government choose to exercise additional influence or control over Hong Kong businesses like ours through the promulgation of new laws or regulations applicable to Hong Kong, the Company could be required to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, and the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Substantially all operations of the Company’s operating subsidiaries are in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the PRC. However, due to the long arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government may exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of the Company’s business and may intervene in or influence our operations at any time, which could result in a material change in the Company’s operations and/or the value of its Ordinary Shares. The PRC government may also intervene or impose restrictions on the Company’s ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends or to reinvest in the Company’s business outside of Hong Kong. Changes in the policies, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of the PRC government may also be quick with little advance notice and the Company’s assertions and beliefs of the risk imposed by the PRC legal and regulatory system cannot be certain.

Any action by the PRC government to intervene or influence our operations could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our ordinary to investors and could cause the value of our Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless. Plutus Group is a holding company, and it conducts its operations in Hong Kong solely through its indirect operating subsidiaries, Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management, both incorporated in Hong Kong. The Company’s operations are primarily located in Hong Kong and some of its customers are PRC individuals or companies that have shareholders or directors that are PRC individuals. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company does not expect to be materially affected by recent statements by the PRC government indicating an intent to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers. However, due to long arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, there remains regulatory uncertainty with respect to the implementation and interpretation of laws in China. The PRC government may choose to exercise significant oversight and discretion, and the policies, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of the PRC government to which the Company is subject may change rapidly and with little advance notice to the Company or its shareholders. As a result, the application, interpretation, and enforcement of new and existing laws and regulations in the PRC are often uncertain. In addition, these laws and regulations may be interpreted and applied inconsistently by different agencies or authorities, and may be inconsistent with the Company’s current policies and practices. New laws, regulations, and other government directives in the PRC may also be costly to comply with, and such compliance or any associated inquiries or investigations or any other government actions may:

	●	delay or impede the development of the Company;

	●	result in negative publicity or increase the Company’s operating costs;

	●	require significant management time and attention; and/or

	●	subject us to remedies, administrative penalties and even criminal liabilities that may harm the Company’s business, including fines assessed for its current or historical operations, or demands or orders that the Company modifies or even ceases its business practices.

The Company is aware that recently, the PRC government initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in certain areas in China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over China-based companies listed overseas using variable interest entity structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. Since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any, and the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on the Company’s daily business operation, the ability to accept foreign investments and list on an U.S. or other foreign exchange.

The PRC government may intervene or influence our operations at any time or may exert control over offerings conducted overseas and foreign investment in Hong Kong-based issuers, which may result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Ordinary Shares. For example, there is currently no restriction or limitation under the laws of Hong Kong on the conversion of HK dollar into foreign currencies and the transfer of currencies out of Hong Kong and the laws and regulations of the PRC on currency conversion control do not currently have any material impact on the transfer of cash between the ultimate holding company and the operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong. However, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business to outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way the Company conducts its business, could require the Company to change certain aspects of its business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected and such measured could materially decrease the value of its Ordinary Shares, potentially rendering it worthless.

There is no assurance that the PRC government will not intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to transfer cash into or out of Hong Kong.

All the Company’s operations are located in Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China. In general, pursuant to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the “Basic Law”), which is a national law of the PRC and a constitutional document for Hong Kong, the national laws of the PRC shall not be applied in Hong Kong except for those listed in Annex III of the Basic Law (which is confined to laws relating to defense and foreign affairs, as well as other matters outside the autonomy of Hong Kong). Despite the general protections afforded by the Basic law, however, due to ‘long arm’ provisions under current PRC laws and regulations, there remains regulatory uncertainty with respect to the implementation and interpretation of laws in China. The PRC government may choose to exercise significant oversight and discretion, and the policies, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of the PRC government to which the Company is subject may change rapidly and with little advance notice to the Company or its shareholders.

With regard to currency exchange and overseas currency transfers, there is currently no restriction or limitation under the applicable laws of Hong Kong on the conversion of the HK dollar into foreign currencies or the transfer of currencies out of Hong Kong, and the laws and regulations of the PRC on currency conversion control do not currently have any material impact on the transfer of cash between our holding company and the operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong. However, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from other entities within our organization or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong and our ability to move money into Hong Kong to fund our business operation and to satisfy our investment needs in Hong Kong. There is no assurance that the PRC government will not intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to transfer cash into or out of China, including Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business within and outside of Hong Kong and may also affect our ability to transfer and receive funds to and from our operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong.

The operations and services of the Company involve collection, processing, and storage of significant amounts of data concerning our users, customers, business partners and employees and may be subject to complex and evolving laws and regulations regarding privacy and data protection and cybersecurity. If the Company fails to comply with the relevant laws and regulations, its business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

The Company is subject to a variety of laws, regulations and other legal and regulatory obligations related to the protection of personal data, privacy and information security in the regions where it does business, and there has been and may continue to be a significant increase in such laws and regulations that restrict or control the use of personal data. In China, the Cybersecurity Law became effective in June 2017 and requires network operators to follow the principles of legitimacy in collecting and using personal information.

In addition, the Information Security Technology—Personal Information Security Specification, or the China Specification, came into force on October 1, 2020. Under the China Specification, after collecting the personal information, the controller of the personal information must immediately conduct the data de-sensitization, implement the technical and administrative measures to store separately the de-sensitized data and the data which may be used to recover the identity of the persons and make sure not to identify the persons in the subsequent process of processing the personal information data. In addition, the data controller must provide the purpose of collecting and using subject personal information, as well as the business functions of such purpose, and the China Specification requires the data controller to distinguish its core function from additional functions to ensure the data controller will only collect personal information as needed.

Similarly, Hong Kong also has data privacy legislation that regulates the collection, use, protection and handling of personal data. Under the relevant legislation, data users are required to comply with various data protection principles in relation to the requirement of lawful and fair collection of personal data, consent of data subjects, retention of personal data, use and disclosure of personal data, security of personal data, personal data policies and practices, and rights to access and correction of personal data. Our operations are primarily located in Hong Kong through our key operating subsidiaries, Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management, and some of our customers are PRC corporations and individuals. Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management may collect and store certain data (including certain personal information) from our customers for “Know Your Client” purposes, some of whom are PRC individuals. As of date of this prospectus, Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management have collected and stored personal information of fewer than 100 PRC customers. The Draft Data Security Measures remains unclear as to whether a Hong Kong company which collects personal information from PRC individuals would be subject to its terms.

On August 20, 2021, the SCNPC promulgated the Personal Information Protection Law of the PRC, or the Personal Information Protection Law, which integrates the scattered rules with respect to personal information rights and privacy protection. The Personal Information Protection Law, which came into effect on November 1, 2021, aims at protecting the personal information rights and interests, regulating the processing of personal information, ensuring the orderly and free flow of personal information in accordance with the law and promoting the reasonable use of personal information. The Personal Information Protection Law applies to the processing of personal information within China, as well as certain personal information processing activities conducted by entities outside China for natural persons within China, including those for the provision of products and services to natural persons within China or for the analysis and assessment of acts of natural persons within China. As a result, the Company’s overseas subsidiaries including our Hong Kong subsidiaries, may become subject to relevant personal information protection laws of the PRC.

Personal information, as defined in the Personal Information Protection Law, refers to information related to identified or identifiable natural persons and is recorded by electronic or other means but excluding the anonymized information. The Personal Information Protection Law provides the obligations of a personal information processor and the circumstances under which a personal information processor could process personal information, which include but not limited to, where the consent of the individual concerned is obtained and where it is necessary for the conclusion or performance of a contract to which the individual is a contractual party. The Personal Information Protection Law specifically provides rules for processing sensitive personal information. Sensitive personal information refers to personal information that, once leaked or illegally used, could easily lead to the infringement of human dignity or harm to the personal or property safety of an individual, including biometric recognition, religious belief, specific identity, medical and health, financial account, personal whereabouts and other information of an individual, as well as any personal information of a minor under the age of 14. Only where there is a specific purpose and sufficient necessity, and under circumstances where strict protection measures are taken, may personal information processors process sensitive personal information. A personal information processor should inform the individual of the necessity of processing such sensitive personal information and the impact thereof on the individual’s rights and interests.

In addition, the Personal Information Protection Law imposes pre-approval and other requirements for any cross-border data transfer by PRC entities. Since the Personal Information Protection Law is new, there are uncertainties as to the interpretation and application of it, especially in relation to its applicability and requirements for our offshore subsidiaries when they engage in personal information processing activities for natural persons within China. While the Company does not believe the pre-approval requirements for any cross-border data transfer will apply to the way it currently collects information from persons within China, if regulatory bodies deem its current data collection model as a cross-border data transfer, the Company will be subject to the relevant requirements. Furthermore, the Company may need to take certain additional measures in the future to be in compliance with the Personal Information Protection Law.

Regulatory requirements on cybersecurity and data privacy are constantly evolving and can be subject to varying interpretations or significant changes, resulting in uncertainties about the scope of our responsibilities in that regard. For example, the SCNPC promulgated the PRC Data Security Law, which took effect on September 1, 2021. The Data Security Law provides for a security review procedure for the data activities that may affect national security. In addition, the Personal Information Protection Law provides that critical information infrastructure operators or personal information processors whose processing of personal information reaches the threshold amount prescribed by the CAC, must store within the territory of the PRC the personal information collected or generated by them within the territory of the PRC. Unless otherwise a security assessment is not required as provided by law, administrative regulations or the national cyberspace authority, where it is necessary to provide such information to an overseas recipient, a security assessment organized by the CAC must have been passed.

On December 28, 2021, the CAC, the NDRC, the MIIT, and several other PRC governmental authorities jointly issued the Cybersecurity Review Measures, which became effective on February 15, 2022 and replaced the Measures for Cybersecurity Review published on April 13, 2020. Pursuant to Cybersecurity Review Measures, critical information infrastructure operators that purchase network products and services and network platform operators engaging in data processing activities that affect or may affect national security are subject to cybersecurity review under the Cybersecurity Review Measures. According to the Cybersecurity Review Measures, before purchasing any network products or services, a critical information infrastructure operator shall assess potential national security risks that may arise from the launch or use of such products or services and apply for a cybersecurity review with the cybersecurity review office of the CAC if national security will or may be affected. In addition, network platform operators who possess personal information of more than one million users and intend to be listed at a foreign stock exchange must be subject to the cybersecurity review.

Furthermore, the exact scope of “critical information infrastructure operators” (the “CIIO”) under the Cybersecurity Review Measures and the current regulatory regime also remains unclear. Pursuant to the Regulations on Protection of Security of Critical Information Infrastructure, or the CIIO Security Protection Regulations, which became effective on September 1, 2021, the competent governmental departments and the supervision and management departments of some key industries, or the Security Protection Departments, governing such key industries and areas serve as the departments in charge of the security protection of critical information infrastructure and the Security Protection Departments are responsible for identifying critical information infrastructure in their respective industries and areas, timely notify the identification results to the operators. In the event of the occurrence of any major cybersecurity incident or discovery of any major cybersecurity threat for the critical information infrastructure, the operator shall report to the protection authorities and the public security authorities as required. The Company does not believe it is classified as a CIIO as of the date of this annual report. However, the PRC government authorities may have wide discretion in the interpretation and enforcement of these laws; therefore, it is uncertain whether it could be deemed as a CIIO under PRC law in the future. In the event the Company is classified as a CIIO or otherwise become under investigation or review by the CAC, it may have to substantially change certain of its current practice and its operations may be materially and adversely affected.

In addition, the MIIT further issued the Administrative Measures on the Administration of Data Security in the Industry and Information Technology Areas (for Trial Implementation) (Draft for Comment), or the Draft Data Security Measures in the IIT Field, on February 10, 2022. The Draft Data Security Measures in the IIT Field stipulates that all businesses which handle industrial and telecoms data in China are required to categorize such information into “ordinary,” “important” and “core” and businesses processing “important” and “core” data shall comply with certain filing and reporting obligations. The Draft Data Security Measures in the IIT Field also notes that sharing “important” and “core” data to a foreign party requires a special review and approval process. The Company cannot predict the impact of the above draft measures, if any, at this stage, and it will closely monitor and assess any development in the rule-making process.

The Company cannot assure you that the measures it have taken or will take in the future will be effective or fully satisfy the relevant regulatory authorities’ requirements, and any failure or perceived failure by the Company to comply with such laws and regulations may result in governmental investigations, fines, removal of its app from the relevant application stores and/or other sanctions on the Company. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company had not been involved in any investigations on cybersecurity review made by the CAC on such basis, and it had not received any inquiry, notice, warning, or sanctions in such respect.

In the event that the Company is inadvertently deemed to be an Investment Company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “40 Act”), it would become subject to significant additional disclosure, reporting, and other regulatory requirements beyond those that will be applicable to it under the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act, resulting in regulatory burdens and expenses which would likely be unsurmountable.

Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the ‘40 Act defines an investment company to include an issuer primarily engaged (or holding itself out as being primarily engaged) in the business of investing in securities. The SEC and the courts have developed a number of criteria to be used in determining whether an issuer is engaged “primarily” in a non-investment business. The applicable criteria include: the issuer’s historical development; its public representations concerning its activities; the activities of its officers and directors, the extent of their involvement in the management of the issuer; the nature of its present assets; and the sources of its present income. The most significant criteria are the nature of an issuer’s assets (as evidenced by the percentage of the issuer’s assets invested in investment securities) and the sources of the issuer’s present income (as evidenced by the percentage of the issuer’s income derived from investment securities).

The Company primarily derives its income from commissions by offering securities dealing and brokerage services, securities underwriting and placing services and other financing services, as well as asset management fees generated by providing asset management services and investment advisory services. As an investment adviser, the Company is primarily focused on investing the assets of others, and not as an investment company investing for its own account. As disclosed in the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in this Prospectus, the Company does not hold a material amount of investment securities for its own account. In addition, none of the Company’s revenues have been derived from assets comprising investment securities. Thus, the two most important factors for determining the Company’s primary business indicate that the Company is not engaged in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities for its own account.

The Company is also relying on the exemption from the definition of an investment company under Section 3(c)(2)(A) of the ‘40 Act because it is “primarily engaged in the business of underwriting, placing services and distributing securities issued by other persons, it acts as broker and dealer, as a market intermediary, and provides other financing services, and its gross income is derived principally from these business and related activities.” In fact, all of the Company’s revenues have been derived from brokerage commissions, underwriting and placement agent fees, asset management fees, and interest income.

The Company and its subsidiaries and affiliated entities intend to continue to operate their businesses in a manner that will permit them to maintain exemption from the ‘40 Act. There remains some risk, however, that the Company could inadvertently fall within the definition of an investment company in the future, either by coming to hold substantial minority interests in other companies that it does not control, by temporarily holding investment securities constituting a large percentage of its assets, or by some other means. In the event that the Company inadvertently becomes an investment company within the definition of the ‘40 Act, it would become subject to extensive additional registration, reporting, management, governance, and other regulatory burdens that far exceed those already applicable to ordinary public issuers under the ‘33 Act and the ‘34 Act. These additional regulatory burdens, if incurred, would likely be insurmountable for the Company.

Risks Related to This Offering and the Ordinary Shares

There has been no public market for the Company’s Ordinary Shares prior to this offering, and you may not be able to resell the Ordinary Shares at or above the price you paid, or at all.

Prior to this initial public offering, there has been no public market for the Company’s Ordinary Shares. The Company plans to list its Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market. The Company’s Ordinary Shares will not be listed on any exchange or quoted for trading on any over-the-counter trading system. If an active trading market for the Ordinary Shares does not develop after this offering, the market price and liquidity of the Ordinary Shares will be materially and adversely affected.

Negotiations with the underwriters will determine the initial public offering price for the Ordinary Shares which may bear no relationship to their market price after the initial public offering. The Company cannot assure you that an active trading market for the Ordinary Shares will develop or that the market price of the Ordinary Shares will not decline below the initial public offering price.

Because the Company is offering to sell Ordinary Shares at an assumed public offering price to be $5.00 and the Selling Stockholders are offering to sell Ordinary Shares following the completion of the primary underwritten offering at the then-prevailing market price, purchasers of shares from the Selling Stockholders could pay more or less per share than investors in the firm commitment underwritten offering.

The per share public offering price of the Ordinary Shares to be sold by the Company is assumed to be $5.00, the midpoint of the estimated price range of $4.00 and $6.00 per share. The per share public price of the Ordinary Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders following the completion of the primary underwritten offering will be at the then-prevailing market price. As a result, purchasers of shares from the Selling Stockholders could pay more or less per share than investors in the firm commitment underwritten offering.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or if they adversely change their recommendations regarding the Ordinary Shares, the market price for the Ordinary Shares and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for the Ordinary Shares will be influenced by research or reports that industry or securities analysts publish about our business. If industry or securities analysts decide to cover the Company and in the future downgrade its Ordinary Shares, the market price for the Ordinary Shares would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease to cover the Company or fail to regularly publish reports on the Company, the Company could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause the market price or trading volume for its Ordinary Shares to decline.

Because our initial public offering price is substantially higher than our net tangible book value per share, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution.

If you purchase Ordinary Shares in this offering, you will pay more for your Ordinary Shares than the amount paid per share by our existing shareholders for their Ordinary Shares. As a result, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution of approximately US$3.10 per Ordinary Share, representing the difference between the initial public offering price of US$5.00 per Ordinary Share and our net tangible book value per Ordinary Share as of December 31, 2022 after giving effect to the net proceeds to us from this offering. In addition, you may experience further dilution to the extent that our Ordinary Shares are issued upon the exercise of any share options. See “Dilution” for a more complete description of how the value of your investment in the Ordinary Shares will be diluted upon completion of this offering.

Because the Company does not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future after this offering, you must rely on price appreciation of the Ordinary Shares for return on your investment.

The Company currently intends to retain most, if not all, of its available funds and any future earnings after this offering to fund the development and growth of our business. As a result, it does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Therefore, you should not rely on an investment in the Ordinary Shares as a source for any future dividend income.

Our board of directors has discretion as to whether to distribute dividends, subject to certain restrictions under Cayman Islands law, namely that our company may only pay dividends out of profits or share premium account; provided that in no circumstances may a dividend be paid if this would result in our company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. In addition, our shareholders may by ordinary resolution declare a dividend, but no dividend may exceed the amount recommended by our board of directors. Even if our board of directors decides to declare and pay dividends, the timing, amount and form of future dividends, if any, will depend on, among other things, our future results of operations and cash flow, our capital requirements and surplus, the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our subsidiaries, our financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. Accordingly, the return on your investment in our Ordinary Shares will likely depend entirely upon any future price appreciation of our Ordinary Shares. There is no guarantee that our Ordinary Shares will appreciate in value after this offering or even maintain the price at which you purchased the Ordinary Shares. You may not realize a return on your investment in our Ordinary Shares and you may even lose your entire investment in our Ordinary Shares.

Substantial future sales or perceived potential sales of Ordinary Shares in the public market could cause the price of the Ordinary Shares to decline.

Sales of Ordinary Shares in the public market after this offering, or the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the market price of the Ordinary Shares to decline. Immediately after the completion of this offering, the Company will have 14,100,000 Ordinary Shares outstanding, assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. All Ordinary Shares sold in this offering will be freely transferable without restriction or additional registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. All of its executive officers and directors and shareholders holding at least ten percent of our common stock have agreed not to sell our Ordinary Shares for a period of 180 days following the effective date of this prospectus, subject to extension under specified circumstances. Ordinary shares subject to these lock-up agreements will become eligible for sale in the public market upon expiration of these lock-up agreements, subject to volume and other restrictions as applicable under Rules 144 and 701 under the Securities Act. To the extent shares are released before the expiration of the lock-up period and sold into the market, the market price of the Ordinary Shares could decline. Moreover, the perceived risk of this potential dilution could cause shareholders to attempt to sell their shares and investors to short the Ordinary Shares. These sales also may make it more difficult for the Company to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that it deems reasonable or appropriate. In addition, rapid market sales or sales in significant volumes of up to 1,680,000 Ordinary Shares offered by the Selling Stockholders may significantly depress the market value of the Ordinary Shares held by investors in our underwritten primary offering.

You must rely on the judgment of our management as to the use of the net proceeds from this offering, and such use may not produce income or increase the price of our Ordinary Shares.

As of June 30, 2023, our cash was HK$24,972,000 (US$3,187,000). Immediately following the completion of this offering, the Company expects to receive net offering proceeds of approximately US$22,010,000 after deducting underwriting discounts and the estimated offering expenses payable by us. It intends to use these funds as set forth under “Use of Proceeds.” However, the Company’s management will have considerable discretion in the application of the net proceeds received by the Company. You will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether proceeds are being used appropriately. The net proceeds may be used for corporate purposes that do not improve the Company’s efforts to achieve or maintain profitability or increase the price of its Ordinary Shares. The net proceeds from this offering may be placed in investments that do not produce income or that lose value.

The Company may need additional capital and may sell additional Ordinary Shares or other equity securities or incur indebtedness, which could result in additional dilution to its shareholders or increase its debt service obligations.

The Company may require additional cash resources due to changed business conditions or other future developments, including any investments or acquisitions it may decide to pursue. If its cash resources are insufficient to satisfy its cash requirements, the Company may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain a credit facility. The sale of additional equity securities or equity-linked debt securities could result in additional dilution to the Company’s shareholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in debt service obligations and could result in operating and financing covenants that would restrict its operations. Plutus Group cannot assure you that financing will be available in amounts or terms acceptable to it, if at all.

Plutus Group is an emerging growth company within the meaning of the Securities Act and may take advantage of certain reduced reporting requirements.

Plutus Group is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, most significantly, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 so long as it is an emerging growth company. As a result, if the Company elects not to comply with such auditor attestation requirements, its investors may not have access to certain information they may deem important.

In addition, under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can also delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company has elected to avail ourselves of an exemption that allows it to delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. As a result, it will not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that comply with the public company effective dates. The Company has also elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations in the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and may elect to take advantage of other reduced reporting requirements in future filings. As a result of these elections, the information that the Company provides to its stockholders may be different than you might receive from other public reporting companies.

Plutus Group is a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the rules under the Exchange Act, and as such it is exempt from certain provisions applicable to U.S. domestic public companies.

Because the Company qualifies as a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, it is exempt from certain provisions of the securities rules and regulations in the United States that are applicable to U.S. domestic issuers, including:

	●	the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the SEC of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or current reports on Form 8-K;

	●	the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act;

	●	the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and

	●	the selective disclosure rules by issuers of material nonpublic information under Regulation FD.

Plutus Group will be required to file an annual report on Form 20-F within four months of the end of each fiscal year. In addition, the Company intends to publish our results on a semi-annual basis as press releases, distributed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Capital Market. Press releases relating to financial results and material events will also be furnished to the SEC on Form 6-K. However, the information the Company is required to file with or furnish to the SEC will be less extensive and less timely compared to that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers. As a result, you may not be afforded the same protections or information that would be made available to you were you investing in a U.S. domestic issuer.

As an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, the Company is permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from the Nasdaq Capital Market corporate governance requirements; these practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if the Company complied fully with the Nasdaq Capital Market corporate governance requirements. Currently, the Company does not have any immediate plans to rely on home country practice with respect to its corporate governance after the completion of this offering.

Plutus Group may lose its foreign private issuer status in the future, which could result in significant additional costs and expenses.

As discussed above, the Company is a foreign private issuer, and therefore, is not required to comply with all of the periodic disclosure and current reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. The determination of foreign private issuer status is made annually on the last business day of an issuer’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. The Company would lose our foreign private issuer status if, for example, more than 50% of the Company’s Ordinary Shares are directly or indirectly held by residents of the U.S. and it fails to meet additional requirements necessary to maintain our foreign private issuer status. In the future, if the Company loses its foreign private issuer status as of the last date of our second fiscal quarter, it would be required to file with the SEC periodic reports and registration statements on U.S. domestic issuer forms beginning on the following January 1, which are more detailed and extensive than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. The Company would also have to mandatorily comply with U.S. federal proxy requirements, and its officers, directors and principal shareholders would become subject to the short-swing profit disclosure and recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, the Company would lose our ability to rely upon exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements under the Nasdaq Capital Market listing rules. As a U.S. listed public company that is not a foreign private issuer, the Company would incur significant additional legal, accounting and other expenses that it will not incur as a foreign private issuer, and accounting, reporting and other expenses in order to maintain a listing on a U.S. securities exchange.

Plutus Group will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company.

Upon completion of this offering, Plutus Group will become a public company and expect to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that it did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as rules subsequently implemented by the SEC and the Nasdaq Capital Market, impose various requirements on the corporate governance practices of public companies. As a company with less than US$1.07 billion in net revenues for our last fiscal year, the Company qualifies as an “emerging growth company” pursuant to the JOBS Act. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include exemption from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in the assessment of the emerging growth company’s internal control over financial reporting.

The Company expects these rules and regulations to increase its legal and financial compliance costs and to make some corporate activities more time-consuming and costly. The Company expects to incur significant expenses and devote substantial management effort toward ensuring compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the other rules and regulations of the SEC. For example, as a result of becoming a public company, it will need to increase the number of independent directors and adopt policies regarding internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures. The Company also expects that operating as a public company will make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and it may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. In addition, the Company will incur additional costs associated with its public company reporting requirements. It may also be more difficult for us to find qualified persons to serve on its board of directors or as executive officers. The Company is currently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to these rules and regulations, and it cannot predict or estimate with any degree of certainty the amount of additional costs it may incur or the timing of such costs.

In the past, shareholders of a public company often brought securities class action suits against the company following periods of instability in the market price of that company’s securities. If the Company was involved in a class action suit, it could divert a significant amount of its management’s attention and other resources from our business and operations, which could harm its results of operations and require us to incur significant expenses to defend the suit. Any such class action suit, whether or not successful, could harm the Company’s reputation and restrict its ability to raise capital in the future. In addition, if a claim is successfully made against the Company, it may be required to pay significant damages, which could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition and results of operations.

If the Company fails to maintain proper internal financial reporting controls, its ability to produce accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be impaired.

Prior to this offering, Plutus Group was a private company with limited accounting personnel and other resources with which to address our internal controls and procedures. The Company will be in a continuing process of developing, establishing, and maintaining internal controls and procedures that will allow its management to report on, and our independent registered public accounting firm to attest to, our internal controls over financial reporting if and when required to do so under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Although the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm is not required to attest to the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act until the date the Company is no longer an emerging growth company, the Company’s management will be required to report on its internal controls over financial reporting under Section 404.

As of June 30, 2023, the Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting and believes that our internal controls are effective. In order to assist in establishing and maintain its internal controls over financial reporting, the Company has retained an external consultant having sufficient knowledge of US GAAP and SEC reporting requirements to handle the financial reporting function of the Company. In the future, the Company intends to recruit and retain sufficient staff to address these needed in-house. In addition, and in preparation for our public offering and listing, the Company will be appointing independent directors, establishing an audit committee, and strengthening its corporate governance.

If the Company does not continue to maintain effective internal financial reporting controls and continue to monitor and improve them, it could risk inaccuracies in its financial statements and could also impair our ability to comply with applicable financial reporting requirements and related regulatory filings on a timely basis. Upon the completion of this offering, the Company will become a public company in the United States subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or Section 404, will require the Company to include a report from management on our internal control over financial reporting in its annual report on Form 20-F beginning with our annual report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023. In addition, once the Company ceases to be an “emerging growth company” as such term is defined in the JOBS Act, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm must attest to and report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Even if the Company’s management continues to conclude that its internal control over financial reporting is effective, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, after conducting its own independent testing, may issue a report that is qualified if it is not satisfied with its internal controls or the level at which the Company’s controls are documented, designed, operated or reviewed, or if it interprets the relevant requirements differently from us. In addition, after the Company becomes a public company, its reporting obligations may place a significant strain on the Company’s management, operational and financial resources and systems for the foreseeable future. The Company may be unable to timely complete its evaluation testing and any required remediation.

ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES

The Company is incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability. It is incorporated in the Cayman Islands because of certain benefits associated with being a Cayman Islands exempted company, such as political and economic stability, an effective judicial system, a favorable tax system, the absence of foreign exchange control or currency restrictions and the availability of professional and support services. However, the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws than the United States and provides less protection for investors. In addition, Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States.

Substantially all of the Company’s assets are located outside the United States. In addition, a majority of its directors and officers are nationals or residents of jurisdictions other than the United States and all or a substantial portion of their assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or these persons, or to enforce judgments obtained in U.S. courts against us or them, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States. It may also be difficult for you to enforce judgments obtained in U.S. courts based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against the Company and its officers and directors.

The Company has appointed The Crone Law Group P.C., 420 Lexington Avenue, Suite 2446, New York, NY 10170 as the Company’s agent to receive service of process with respect to any action brought against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York in connection with this offering under the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any State in the United States or any action brought against us in the Supreme Court of the State of New York in the County of New York in connection with this offering under the securities laws of the State of New York.

Harney Westwood & Riegels, the Company’s counsel as to Cayman Islands law, has advised us that it is uncertain whether the courts of the Cayman Islands will allow shareholders of the Company to originate actions in the Cayman Islands based upon securities laws of the United States. In addition, there is uncertainty with regard to Cayman Islands law related to whether a judgment obtained from the U.S. courts under civil liability provisions of U.S. securities laws will be determined by the courts of the Cayman Islands as penal or punitive in nature. If such determination is made, the courts of the Cayman Islands will not recognize or enforce the judgment against a Cayman Islands company, such as our Company. As the courts of the Cayman Islands have yet to rule on making such a determination in relation to judgments obtained from U.S. courts under civil liability provisions of U.S. securities laws, it is uncertain whether such judgments would be enforceable in the Cayman Islands. The Company has been further advised that although there is no statutory enforcement in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, a final and conclusive monetary judgment for a definite sum obtained in such jurisdiction will be recognized and enforced in the courts of the Cayman Islands at common law, without any re-examination of the merits of the underlying dispute, by an action commenced on the foreign judgment debt in the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands, provided that:

(a)

the foreign court had jurisdiction in the matter and the company either submitted to such jurisdiction or was resident or carrying on business within such jurisdiction and was duly served with process;

(b)

the judgment given by the foreign court was not in respect of penalties, fines, taxes or similar fiscal or revenue obligations;

(c)

in obtaining judgment there was no fraud on the part of the person in whose favor judgment was given or on the part of the foreign court;

(d)

recognition or enforcement in the Cayman Islands would not be contrary to public policy; and

(e)

the proceedings pursuant to which judgment was obtained were not contrary to the principles of natural justice.

CFN Lawyers, the Company’s counsel as to Hong Kong law, has advised us that (1) it would be highly unlikely that the courts of Hong Kong would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers that are predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state in the United States, and (2) there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of Hong Kong would entertain original actions brought in Hong Kong against the Company or its directors or officers that are predicated upon the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state in the United States.

A judgment of a court in the United States predicated upon U.S. federal or state securities laws may be enforced in Hong Kong at common law by bringing an action in a Hong Kong court on that judgment for the amount due thereunder, and then seeking summary judgment on the strength of the foreign judgment, provided that the foreign judgment, among other things, is (1) for a debt or a definite sum of money (not being taxes or similar charges to a foreign government taxing authority or a fine or other penalty) and (2) final and conclusive on the merits of the claim, but not otherwise. Such a judgment may not, in any event, be so enforced in Hong Kong if (a) it was obtained by fraud; (b) the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were opposed to natural justice; (c) its enforcement or recognition would be contrary to the public policy of Hong Kong; (d) the court of the United States was not jurisdictionally competent; or (e) the judgment was in conflict with a prior Hong Kong judgment.

Hong Kong has no arrangement for the reciprocal enforcement of judgments with the United States. As a result, there is uncertainty as to the enforceability in Hong Kong, in original actions or in actions for enforcement, of judgments of United States courts of civil liabilities predicated solely upon the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any State or territory within the United States.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of current or historical facts are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

You can identify these forward-looking statements by words or phrases such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “aim,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “likely to” or other similar expressions. The Company has based these forward-looking statements largely on its current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that it believes may affect the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:

●

our goals and strategies;

●

our future business development, financial condition and results of operations;

	●	expected changes in our revenues, costs or expenditures;

	●	our expectations regarding demand for and market acceptance of our services;

	●	competition in our industry; and

	●	government policies and regulations relating to our industry.

You should read this prospectus and the documents that the Company refers to in this prospectus with the understanding that its actual future results may be materially different from and worse than what the Company expects. Other sections of this prospectus include additional factors which could adversely impact the Company’s business and financial performance. Moreover, the Company operates in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties emerge from time to time and it is not possible for the Company’s management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties, nor can it assesses the impact of all factors on the Company’s business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. The Company qualifies all of its forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

The table below presents information regarding the Selling Stockholders and the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares that they may offer from time to time under the Resale Prospectus. This table is prepared based on information supplied to us by the Selling Stockholders and reflects holdings as of the date of this prospectus.

The number of shares in the column “Total Number of Shares to be Offered for Selling Stockholder Account” represents all of the Ordinary Shares that the Selling Stockholders may offer under the Resale Prospectus. The Selling Stockholders may sell some, all, or none of their shares offered by the Resale Prospectus. We do not know how long the Selling Stockholders will hold the shares before selling them, and we currently have no agreements, arrangements, or understandings with the Selling Stockholders regarding the sale of any of the shares.

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3(d) promulgated by the Commission under the Exchange Act and includes Ordinary Shares with respect to which the Selling Stockholders have voting and investment power. Under such rules, beneficial ownership includes any shares over which the individual has sole or shared voting power or investment power as well as any shares that the individual has the right to acquire within 60 days after the date of this table. To our knowledge and subject to applicable community property rules, the persons and entities named in the table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all equity interests beneficially owned. We had an aggregate of 12,000,000 Ordinary Shares outstanding as of the date of this prospectus.

Name of Selling Stockholder	Shares Owned Prior to this Offering		Total Number of Shares to be Offered for Selling Stockholder Account		Total Shares to be Owned Upon Completion of the Offering		Percentage Owned Prior to Completion of the Offering			Percentage to be Owned Upon Completion of the Offering
Wong Hoi Cheung		378,000		378,000		—		3.15	%		—
Gain Best Investments Limited ⁽¹⁾		378,000		378,000		—		3.15	%		—
Sui Miaomiao		462,000		462,000		—		3.85	%		—
Li Shan		462,000		462,000		—		3.85	%		—
Totals		1,680,000		1,680,000		—		14.00	%		—

(1) Mr. Chu Kuang Chun is the sole director and shareholder of Gain Best Investments Limited and, in the capacity, has the authority to make investment and voting decisions with regard to its Ordinary Shares.

Selling Stockholders Plan of Distribution

We are registering the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares to permit the resale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares by the Selling Stockholders from time to time after the date of the Resale Prospectus. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares. We will bear all fees and expenses incident to the registration of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares will not be sold through Pacific Century Securities or R.F. Lafferty & Co., Inc. in this initial public offering.

The Selling Stockholders may sell all or a portion of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares beneficially owned by them and offered hereby from time to time directly or through one or more broker-dealers or agents or in the over-the-counter market at market prices prevailing at the time of sale. If the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares are sold through broker-dealers, the Selling Stockholders will be responsible for any commissions or agent’s commissions. The Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares may be sold in one or more transactions at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale. However, the Selling Stockholders will not sell any Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares until after the closing of the underwritten primary offering. The offering by the Selling Stockholders will remain open for 180 days following the date of the Resale Prospectus. These sales may be effected in transactions, which may involve crosses or block transactions:

	●	on any national securities exchange or quotation service on which the securities may be listed or quoted at the time of sale;
	●	in the over-the-counter market;
	●	in transactions otherwise than on these exchanges or systems or in the over-the-counter market;
	●	ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
	●	block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the securities as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;
	●	purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;
	●	an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;
	●	short sales;
	●	in transactions through broker-dealers that agree with the Selling Stockholders to sell a specified number of such securities at a stipulated price per security;
	●	through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;
	●	a combination of any such methods of sale; or
	●	any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

The Selling Stockholders may also sell securities under Rule 144 or any other exemption from registration under the Securities Act, if available, rather than under the Resale Prospectus. However, the Selling Stockholders will not sell any Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares until after the closing of the primary underwritten initial public offering.

Under applicable rules and regulations under the Securities Exchange Act, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), any person engaged in the distribution of the shares of Ordinary Shares may not simultaneously engage in market making activities with respect to the shares of Ordinary Shares for the applicable restricted period, as defined in Regulation M, prior to the commencement of the distribution. In addition, the Selling Stockholders will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of shares of Ordinary Shares by the Selling Stockholders or any other person. We will make copies of the Resale Prospectus available to the Selling Stockholders and have informed them of the need to deliver a copy of the Resale Prospectus at or prior to the time of the sale (including by compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act, as amended).

If the Selling Stockholders effect such transactions by Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares to or through broker-dealers or agents, such broker-dealers or agents may receive commissions in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the Selling Stockholders or commissions from purchasers of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares for whom they may act as agent or to whom they may sell as principal (which discounts, concessions or commissions as to particular broker-dealers or agents may be in excess of those customary in the types of transactions involved). In connection with sales of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares or otherwise, the Selling Stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers which may, in turn, engage in short sales of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares in the course of hedging in positions they assume. The Selling Stockholders may also sell Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares short and deliver Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares covered by the Resale Prospectus to close out short positions and to return borrowed shares in connection with such short sales. The Selling Stockholders may also loan or pledge Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares to broker-dealers that in turn may sell such shares.

The Selling Stockholders may pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the warrants or Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares from time to time pursuant to an amendment to the Resale Prospectus under applicable provision of the Securities Act, amending, if necessary, the list of Selling Stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as Selling Stockholders under the Resale Prospectus.

The Selling Stockholders and any broker-dealer participating in the distribution of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any commission paid, or any discounts or concessions allowed to, any such broker-dealer may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. At the time a particular offering of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares is made, a prospectus supplement, if required, will be distributed which will set forth the aggregate amount of Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares being offered and the terms of the offering, including the name or names of any broker-dealers or agents, any discounts, commissions and other terms constituting compensation from the Selling Stockholders and any discounts, commissions or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to broker-dealers.

Under the securities laws of some states, the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares may be sold in such states only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares may not be sold unless such shares have been registered or qualified for sale in such state or an exemption from registration or qualification is available and is complied with.

There can be no assurance that any Selling Stockholder will sell any or all of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares registered pursuant to the registration statement, of which the Resale Prospectus forms a part.

The Selling Stockholders and any other person participating in such distribution will be subject to applicable provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder, including, without limitation, Regulation M of the Exchange Act, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares by the Selling Stockholders and any other participating person. Regulation M may also restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares to engage in market-making activities with respect to the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares. All of the foregoing may affect the marketability of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares.

Once sold under the registration statement, of which the Resale Prospectus forms a part, the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares will be freely tradeable in the hands of persons other than our affiliates.

USE OF PROCEEDS

Plutus Group estimates that it will receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately US$8,420,000, or approximately US$9,869,000 if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional Ordinary Shares in full, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and the estimated offering expenses payable by us, assuming an offering per share price of US$5.00. We will receive no proceeds from the sale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares under the separate Resale Prospectus.

The primary purposes of this offering are to create a public market for the Company’s shares for the benefit of all shareholders, retain talented employees by providing them with equity incentives and obtain additional capital. The Company plans to use the net proceeds of this offering as follows:

	Amount		Percent
GROSS OFFERING	$	10,500,000		100.00	%
Underwriting Commission^(a)	$	735,000		7.00	%
Non-accountable Expense Allowance ^(b)	$	105,000		1.00	%
Estimated Offering expenses	$	1,240,000		11.81	%
Net Proceeds	$	8,420,000		80.19	%
USE OF NET PROCEEDS
Digitization of systems and services¹	$	1,684,000		20.00	%
Additional funding for customer trading facilities²	$	2,947,000		35.00	%
Expansion of customer management and wealth management teams³	$	3,789,000		45.00	%
TOTAL APPLICATION OF NET PROCEEDS	$	8,420,000		100.00	%

(a)	Reflects 7% commission in the amount of $735,000.
(b)	Reflects 1% non-accountable expense allowance in the amount of $105,000. The non-accountable expense allowance represents an amount equal to 1% of the gross proceeds of the offering payable to the underwriters for this offering as specified in our Underwriting Agreement with Pacific Century Securities. This amount is intended as reimbursement for the underwriters’ expenses incurred in selling the Ordinary Shares in this offering.

1	The Company intends to use approximately $1,684,000, or 20% of the net offering proceeds, to develop tailor-made software and applications for different aspects of its operations, including customer services, trading, wealth management, and portfolio construction and monitoring.

2	The Company intends to use approximately $2,947,000, or 35% of the net offering proceeds, to replenish its available funding for offering trading facilities solutions to customers, including margin trading, and IPO margin financing.

3	The Company intends to use approximately $3,789,000, or 45% of the net offering proceeds, to expand its customer manager teams and to develop its wealth management teams.

The foregoing represents our current intentions based upon our present plans and business conditions to use and allocate the net proceeds of this offering. The Company’s management, however, will have significant flexibility and discretion to apply the net proceeds of this offering. If an unforeseen event occurs or business conditions change, the Company may use the proceeds of this offering differently than as described in this prospectus. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to This Offering and the Ordinary Shares—You must rely on the judgment of our management as to the use of the net proceeds from this offering, and such use may not produce income or increase the price of our Ordinary Shares.”

Pending use of the net proceeds, the Company intends to hold the net proceeds from this offering in demand deposits or invest them in interest-bearing government securities.

DIVIDEND POLICY

The Company has not previously declared or paid cash dividends and has no plan to declare or pay any dividends in the near future on its shares. The Company currently intends to retain most, if not all, of its available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand its business.

Plutus Group is an investment holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. It relies principally on dividends from our Hong Kong subsidiaries for its cash requirements, including any payment of dividends to our shareholders.

Our board of directors has discretion as to whether to distribute dividends, subject to certain restrictions under Cayman Islands law, namely that our company may only pay dividends out of profits or share premium account, and provided always that in no circumstances may a dividend be paid if this would result in our company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. In addition, our shareholders may by ordinary resolution declare a dividend, but no dividend may exceed the amount recommended by our board of directors. Even if our board of directors decides to pay dividends, the form, frequency and amount will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that the board of directors may deem relevant. Please see the section entitled “Taxation” beginning on page 139 of this prospectus for information on the potential tax consequences of any cash dividends declared.

CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our capitalization as of June 30, 2023:

	●	on an actual basis; and

	●	on a pro forma as-adjusted basis to give effect to the issuance and sale of the 2,100,000 Ordinary Shares by us in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of US$5.00 per share, after deducting the estimated underwriting commission, non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offering expenses.

The pro forma and pro forma as adjusted information below is illustrative only and our capitalization following the completion of this offering is subject to adjustment based on the initial public offering price of our Ordinary Shares. You should read this table in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

	As of June 30, 2023 (Presented in US$’000)
	Actual		Pro forma as adjusted ⁽¹⁾
Short-term bank borrowings		-		-
Par Value Amount of Ordinary Shares		0.0001		0.0001
Ordinary Shares, US$0.0001 par value, 300,000,000 shares authorized 12,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2022; pro forma without over-allotment⁽²⁾ reflects 14,100,000 shares issued and outstanding		1		2
Additional paid-in capital		9,759		18,178
Retained earnings		567		567
Total shareholders’ equity		10,327		18,747
Total capitalization		10,327		18,747

(1)	Reflects the sale of Ordinary Shares in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $5.00 per share, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discount and commission, estimated non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offering expenses payable by us, assuming the Underwriter’s over-allotment option has not been exercised. The pro forma as adjusted information is illustrative only, and the Company will adjust this information based on the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing. Additional paid-in capital reflects the net proceeds the Company expects to receive, after deducting the underwriting commission, non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offering expenses payable by us. The Company estimates that such net proceeds will be approximately $8,420,000 assuming the Underwriter has not exercised the over-allotment option. The net proceeds of $8,420,000 are calculated as follows: $10,500,000 gross offering proceeds, less underwriting discount and commission of $735,000, non-accountable expense allowance of $105,000, and estimated offering expenses of $1,240,000. The pro forma as adjusted total equity of $18,747,000 is the sum of the net proceeds of $8,4204,000 and the actual equity of $10,327,000.

(2)	In the event that the Underwriter’s over-allotment option is exercised in full, pro forma total Ordinary Shares outstanding would be 14,415,000 shares, pro forma additional paid-in capital would be $19,627,000, and pro forma adjusted total equity would be $20,196,000, reflecting the sum of net proceeds in the amount of $9,869,000 and the actual equity of $10,327,000.

EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION

Our business is conducted in Hong Kong and all of our revenues are denominated in HK$. Capital accounts of our financial statements are translated into U.S. dollars from HK$ at their historical exchange rates when the capital transactions occurred. HK$ is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the HK$ amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at the rates used in translation. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from HKD to U.S. dollars and from U.S. dollars to HKD in this prospectus were calculated at the noon buying rate of US$1 = HK$7.8363 on June 30, 2023, as published in H.10 statistical release of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The Company makes no representation that the HKD or U.S. dollar amounts referred to in this prospectus could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars or HKD, as the case may be, at any particular rate or at all.

DILUTION

Our net tangible book value was US$10,037,000 as of June 30, 2023 and our net tangible book value per Ordinary Share was approximately US$0.84 as of June 30, 2023. Net tangible book value per ordinary share represents the amount of total tangible assets, minus the amount of total liabilities, divided by the total number of Ordinary Shares outstanding. Pro forma net tangible book value per ordinary share is calculated after giving effect to our issuance and sale of 2,100,000 Ordinary Shares in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of US$5.00 per Ordinary Share, after deducting US$735,000 in underwriting discount and commission (assuming 2,100,000 Ordinary Shares to be issued with no exercise of over-allotment option), non-accountable expense allowance of US$105,000, and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company of approximately US$1,240,000. Dilution is determined by subtracting pro forma net tangible book value per ordinary share from the assumed public offering price of USD 5.00 per ordinary share.

Without taking into account any other changes in such net tangible book value after June 30, 2023, other than to give effect to our issuance and sale of 2,100,000 Ordinary Shares in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of US$5.00 per Ordinary Share, the midpoint of the estimated public offering price range, and after deduction of underwriting discount and commission, non-accountable expense allowance, and estimated offering expenses payable by us (assuming the over-allotment option is not exercised), our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of June 30, 2023 would have been US$1.31 per Ordinary Share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of US$0.47 per Ordinary Share to existing shareholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of US$3.69 per Ordinary Share to purchasers of Ordinary Shares in this offering. The amount of dilution in net tangible book value per ordinary share to new investors in the offering represents the difference between the assumed initial public offering price of US$5.00 per Ordinary Share and the proforma net tangible book value per Ordinary Share after giving effect to public offering as of June 30, 2023 of US$1.31. The following table illustrates such dilution:

Net tangible book value per Ordinary Share	US$	0.84
Pro forma net tangible book value per Ordinary Share after giving effect to public offering as of June 30, 2023	US$	1.31
Amount of dilution in net tangible book value per Ordinary Share to new investors in the offering⁽¹⁾	US$	3.69

⁽¹⁾

In the event that the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full, our net tangible book value remains at US$10,037,000 as of June 30, 2023, our issuance and sale of Ordinary Shares in this offering will be amounted to 2,415,000, the underwriting discount and commission will be amounted to US$845,250, non-accountable expense allowance will be amounted to US$120,750, and the estimated offering expense payable by the Company will remain at US$1,240,000. Assumed the initial public offering price remains at $5.00 per Ordinary Shares, pro forma net tangible book value per ordinary share after giving effect to the public offering would be US$1.38 per share, with US$3.62 of dilution in net tangible book value per Ordinary Share to new investors in the offering.

A US$1.00 change in the assumed public offering price of US$5.00 per Ordinary Share would, in the case of an increase, increase and, in the case of a decrease, decrease our gross IPO proceed by US$2,100,000, the underwriter discount and commission by US$147,000, and the non-accountable expense allowance by US$21,000. The effect on our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value after giving effect to the offering amounted to US$1,932,000 or US$0.14 per ordinary shares, and the effect on the dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per Ordinary Share to new investors in this offering will be the difference between the pro forma net tangible book value per ordinary share after giving effect to public offering and the assumed offering price, assuming no change to the number of Ordinary Shares offered by us as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discount and commission, non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offering expenses. The pro forma information discussed above is illustrative only. Our net tangible book value following the completion of this offering is subject to adjustment based on the actual initial public offering price of our Ordinary Shares and other terms of this offering determined at pricing. The following tables illustrates such dilution in the event of US$1.00 change in the assumed offering price.

Net tangible book value per ordinary share	US$	0.84
Pro forma net tangible book value per ordinary share after giving effect to public offering as of June 30, 2023, in the event of US$1.00 increase in assumed public offering price	US$	1.45
Amount of dilution in net tangible book value per ordinary share to new investors in the offering, in the event of US$1.00 increase in assumed public offering price	US$	4.55
Pro forma net tangible book value per ordinary share after giving effect to public offering as of June 30, 2023, in the event of US$1.00 decrease in assumed public offering price	US$	1.17
Amount of dilution in net tangible book value per ordinary share to new investors in the offering, in the event of US$1.00 decrease in assumed public offering price	US$	2.83

The following table summarizes, on a pro forma basis as of June 30, 2023, the differences between the shareholders as of June 30, 2023 and the new investors with respect to the number of Ordinary Shares purchased from us, the total consideration paid and the average price per Ordinary Share paid at an assumed initial public offering price of US$5.00 per Ordinary Share after deducting estimated underwriting discount and commission, non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offering expenses.

											Average
	Ordinary Shares										Price Per
	Purchased					Total Consideration					Ordinary
	Number		Percent			Amount		Percent			Share
Existing shareholders		12,000,000		85.1	%		10,327,000		55.1	%		0.86
New investors		2,100,000		14.9	%		8,420,000		44.9	%		4.01
Total ^{(1), (2)}		14,100,000		100.0	%		18,747,000		100.0	%		1.33

(1)

A US$1.00 change in the assumed public offering price of US$5.00 per Ordinary Share would, in the case of an increase, increase and, in the case of a decrease, decrease total consideration paid by new investors, total consideration paid by all shareholders, average price per Ordinary Share paid by all shareholders by US$1,932,000, US$1,932,000 and US$0.14, respectively, assuming no change to the number of 2,100,000 Ordinary Shares offered by us as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discount and commission, non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

(2)

Table assumes that the over-allotment option is not exercised. In the event that the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full at an assumed initial public offering price of US$5.00 per ordinary share, there would be 14,415,000 total Ordinary Shares outstanding after the offering, with new investors purchasing 2,415,000 Ordinary Shares for total consideration of US$9,869,000, constituting 48.9% of the Company’s total shareholder consideration paid in the amount of US$20,196,000 and resulting in an average price paid per ordinary share in the amount of US$1.40.

The discussion and table above also assume no exercise of any stock options outstanding as of the date of this prospectus. As of the date of this prospectus, there were no Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options, and there were no Ordinary Shares available for future issuance upon exercise of future grants under any share incentive policies and plans. To the extent that any of these options are exercised, there will be further dilution to new investors.

CORPORATE HISTORY AND STRUCTURE

Plutus Group operates its business through its indirect operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong. Below is a list of our material operating subsidiaries:

●

Plutus Securities Limited is a Hong Kong subsidiary wholly owned by Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited and established on April 20, 2018. Plutus Securities Limited holds a Type 1 (dealing in securities) license from the Securities and Futures Commission (the “SFC”) of Hong Kong (License No.: BNJ530) and is also an exchange participant of HKEx (Certificate No. P2003) and offers customers with trading, margin financing and securities custody and nominee services.

●

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA AND SELECTED OPERATING DATA

The following selected consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2021 and 2022 have been derived from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read this “Selected Consolidated Financial Data and Selected Operating Data” section together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results expected for future periods.

Balance Sheet Data

Consolidated Balance Sheets Data	As of December 31, 2021 (audited)		As of December 31, 2022 (audited)		As of June 30, 2023 (unaudited)		As of June 30, 2023 (unaudited)
	(HK$’000)		(HK$’000)		(HK$’000)		(US$’000)
Cash and cash equivalents		12,611		12,694		24,972		3,187
Cash segregated for regulatory purpose		4,164		34,830		42,954		5,481
Loans to customers, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		63,209		54,084		38,064		4,857
Loans to customers - related parties, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		8,685		2,441		2,751		351
Receivables from:
Customers, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		3,079		1,709		3,177		406
Customers - related parties, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		-		2,002		1,079		138
Broker-dealers, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		341		499		350		45
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		507		4,553		6,063		774
Amount due from related parties		30,398		7,211		7,289		930
Total current assets		122,994		120,023		126,699		16,169
Property, plant and equipment, net		38		5		12		2
Right-of-use assets		1,172		2,243		1,668		213
Intangible asset		600		600		600		77
Deferred tax assets		329		314		306		39
Refundable deposit		205		229		229		29
Total non-current assets		2,344		3,391		2,815		360
Total assets		125,338		123,414		129,514		16,529
Payables to:
Customers		4,573		14,732		23,335		2,978
Customers - related parties		730		20,062		19,628		2,505
Clearing organizations		2,435		407		1,889		241
Accruals and other current liabilities		5,218		2,289		1,070		138
Accrued commission to employee		-		2,999		-		-
Lease liabilities – current		1,172		1,223		1,301		166
Income taxes payable		5,737		501		904		116
Total current liabilities		19,865		42,213		48,127		6,144
Lease liabilities – non-current		-		1,123		455		58
Total liabilities		19,865		43,336		48,582		6,202
Shareholders’ equity		105,473		80,078		80,932		10,327
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity		125,338		123,414		129,514		16,529

Statements of Income Data

Statement of Income Data	Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021 (audited)		Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2022 (audited)			Six months ended June 30, 2022 (unaudited)			Six months ended June 30, 2023 (unaudited)		Six months ended June 30, 2023 (unaudited)
	(HK$’000)		(HK$’000)			(HK$’000)			(HK$’000)		(US$’000)
Revenue		42,995		19,277			8,884			8,714		1,112
Total operating expenses		17,553		20,314			9,432			8,952		1,144
Net Income (loss)		21,473		(944	)		(590	)		854		107
Basic and diluted income (loss) per share		1.79		(0.08	)		(0.05	)		0.07		0.009

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear in this prospectus. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this prospectus, particularly in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements.” All amounts in included in the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023 (“Financial Statements”) are derived from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. These Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or US GAAP.

Business Overview

Plutus Group is a Hong Kong-based holding financial services company operating through two wholly-owned primary subsidiaries – Plutus Securities Limited (“Plutus Securities”) and Plutus Asset Management Limited (“Plutus Asset Management”).

Plutus Securities is licensed to conduct Type 1 (dealing in securities) regulated activities under the SFC (License No.: BNJ530) and is an exchange participant of the HKEx and provides quality securities dealing and brokerage, margin financing, securities custody and nominee services for customers under the Securities and Futures Ordinance. As a licensed securities broker, Plutus Securities provides a range of financial services, including:

	●	Hong Kong stock trading through the internet, mobile app, and customer phone hotline
	●	Margin financing
	●	Securities custody and nominee services; providing secure and reliable clearing and settlement procedures
	●	Access to debt capital markets
	●	Equity capital markets for issuers; offer underwriting for IPO and other equity placements, and marketing, distribution and pricing of lead-managed and co-managed offerings

Plutus Asset Management is licensed to conduct Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities under the SFC (License No.: BNJ533). Through Plutus Asset Management, the Company offers professional asset management service with tailored comprehensive investment strategies, to maximize return and investment advisory services. As a licensed asset management and advisory firm, Plutus Asset Management provides wealth management services including:

	●	Professional funds management
	●	Discretionary accounts with strategies developed for customers based on individual risk tolerance and investment preference
	●	Investment consulting and advisory services for funds managed by other companies
	●	Investment funds, including a real estate fund, a fixed income fund, a private equity investment, and a hedge fund

The Company’s team is familiar with the local and global financial markets and has extensive experience in investment and asset management. Through comprehensive training and its dedication to quality services, the Company’s team provides customers with comprehensive professional analysis and investment advice.

Our revenue was HK$42,995,000 and HK$19,277,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively, representing a decrease of approximately 55.2% year over year. Our net loss was HK$944,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022 and net income was HK$21,473,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021, representing a decrease of approximately 104.4% year over year.

Our revenue was HK$8,884,000 and HK$8,714,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively, representing a decrease of approximately 2%. We recorded net loss of HK$590,000 and net income of HK$854,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update

On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the corona-virus disease (COVID-19) a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern,” and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization characterized the outbreak as a “pandemic.” Governments in affected countries have imposed travel bans, quarantines and other emergency public health measures, which have caused material disruption to businesses globally and result in an economic slowdown. These measures, though temporary in nature, may continue and increase depending on developments in the COVID-19’s outbreak.

Up to now, most of the restrictions on movement within China and Hong Kong have been relaxed and the COVID-19 outbreak has had a limited impact on our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022, but the extent to which the COVID-19 outbreak will impact our future financial condition and results of operations cannot be reasonably assessed at this time and will depend on future developments that currently cannot be predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the COVID-19 outbreak and the actions to contain the COVID-19 outbreak or treat its impact, and the impact on the economic growth and business of our customers for the foreseeable future, among others.

In preparing these consolidated financial statements, the Company has evaluated events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure. No events require additional adjustment to or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.

Results of Operations for six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023

The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the periods presented. This information should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this annual report. The results of operations in any period are not necessarily indicative of our future trends.

Six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023

	For the six months ended June 30, 2022 HK$’000			For the six months ended June 30, 2023 HK$’000			For the six months ended June 30, 2023 US$’000
Revenues
Securities brokerage commission		808			2,809			358
Securities brokerage handling fee		43			158			20
Underwriting and placing services fee		1,388			921			118
Asset management fee		3,167			1,488			190
Interest income from margin financing		3,478			3,338			426
Total revenues		8,884			8,714			1,112
Expenses:
Compensation and benefits		4,604			3,515			449
Commission expense		1,346			722			92
Depreciation		27			4			1
General and administrative		3,455			3,311			423
Total expenses		9,432			7,552			965

Profit (loss) from operations		(548	)		1,162			147
Other income, net		107			105			13
Profit (loss) before income taxes		(441	)		1,267			160
Income tax expense		(149	)		(413	)		(53	)
Net income (loss)		(590	)		854			107

Revenues

Revenues comprised:

	For the year ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Commission and handling fee
Securities brokerage commission		808		2,809
Securities brokerage handling fee		43		158
Placing commission		1,388		921
		2,239		3,888
Asset management fee
Management fee		3,167		1,488
		5,406		5,376
Interest income
Margin financing – non-IPO loans		3,478		3,338

Total revenues		8,884		8,714

Securities brokerage commission represented the commission for executing trades in securities on the secondary market. Securities brokerage handling fee represented the handling fee in relation to the nominee services and corporate actions for the securities held by the customers, as elaborated below.

For the securities brokerage commission for executing trades in securities on the secondary market, the commission is based on the transaction value of each completed trading order, normally at a rate from 0.08% to 0.25%, with an average of 0.16%. Certain trades are subject to a minimum fee range of up to HK$100. We charge our staff at the staff rate of 0.03%. Such commission shall be determined on a case-by-case basis, taking into account transaction history, trading volume and amount, market commission rates and market condition, etc. The securities brokerage commission is deducted from customer’s investment accounts directly from each executed transaction.

The securities brokerage commissions from dealing with listed securities are HK$808,000 and HK$2,809,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The increase in brokerage commissions from dealing with listed securities was due to the increase in trading volume of the securities by our customers. The underlying trading volumes were approximately HK$469 million and HK$1,491 million as executed and cleared for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The increase in the trading volume was due to the improvement in the overall market sentiment of the Hong Kong stock market for the six months ended June 30, 2023 when compared to the six months ended June 30, 2022. We earned the commissions from both individual customers and external brokers. We received commissions of HK$6,000 and HK$1,000 from external brokers for the placement of underlying trading volume of approximately HK$19 million and HK$4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

For the trading in fixed income products, securities brokerage commission was HK$73,000 and HK$368,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The underlying trading volume was approximately HK$58 million and HK$133 million as executed and cleared for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, as we extended our product type as there is a growing demand for the trading of fixed income products. We did not receive any commission for trading in fixed income products from external brokers during six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023.

The securities brokerage handling fees as charged by us were HK$43,000 and HK$158,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The increase in handling fee was due to more nominee services and corporate actions for the securities held by the customers was provided during the period.

Underwriting and placing commissions represent commissions earned from underwriting and placing equities and other securities to the public. We provide underwriting, sub-underwriting services in IPOs by acting as book runner, lead manager or underwriter in IPOs. We may also act as placement agent or sub-placing agent for secondary market fund raising exercises, such as debt issuance and equity issuance by listed companies.

Our underwriting commission varies from case by case and is determined after negotiations with each customer, with reference to the size of the fund raising, market rate, valuation of the offering, pricing, perceived market response and sentiment and bargaining power in the deal. The commission received is calculated with reference to the fund-raising size and/or the aggregate offer price of the number of securities placed and/or underwritten by us.

For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, there were no IPOs underwritten by Plutus Securities due to the low sentiment in the IPO market in Hong Kong. There was no commission earned for both periods.

The revenue from the placement services of HK$1,388,000 and HK$921,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively, represented the placing proceeds amounted to approximately US$4.3 million and US$2.5 million and the weighted average rates were approximately 4.0% and 4.5%, respectively.

Fund subscription and management fee represented revenue generated in connection with our fund management services rendered to customers and included subscription fee charged to customers for subscription of funds. The decrease in asset management fee from HK$3,167,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK$1,488,000 for six months ended June 30, 2023, by HK$1,679,000 or approximately 53% resulted from the combined effect of i) decrease in average fund size of the assets under management from HK$273 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK$218 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, the average fund size represented the average of the fund size of each month end during the periods, and ii) the decrease in average management and advisory fees decreased from 1.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to 1.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2023, and iii) the decrease in fund subscription fees from HK$645,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK$12,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023, the decrease in fund subscription fees resulted from the decrease in the inflow to the funds during the period.

Below are the sizes of funds managed by us:

	Fund size for the year ended December 31,
	As at December 31, 2022		As at June 30, 2023
	in US$’000		in US$’000
Discretionary accounts		18,047		19,992
Funds		8,680		8,165
Total		26,727		28,157

The roll forward of the funds during the year ended December 31, 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2023 is as below:

	Discretionary accounts			Funds			Total asset under management
	US$’000			US$’000		��	US$’000
As at January 1, 2022		26,757			3,336			30,093
Inflow		12,590			5,718			18,308
Outflow		(20,973	)		(452	)		(21,425	)
Appreciation/(deprecation)		(129	)		726			597
Fees charged		(198	)		(648	)		(846	)
As at December 31, 2022		18,047			8,680			26,727
Inflow		472			300			772
Outflow		(596	)		(429	)		(1,025	)
Appreciation/(deprecation)		2,154			(281	)		1,873
Fees charged		(85	)		(105	)		(190	)
As at June 30, 2023		19,992			8,165			28,157

The size of the assets under management for which we act as investment manager increased from approximately US$26,727,000 as at December 31, 2022 to approximately US$28,157,000 as at June 30, 2023. The discretionary accounts increased from approximately US$18 million as at December 31, 2022 to approximately US$20 million as at June 30, 2023. The funds decreased from approximately US$9 million as at December 31, 2022 to approximately US$8 million as at June 30, 2023.

For the discretionary accounts, the net increase of approximately US$2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 was primarily due to the appreciation amounting to approximately US$2 million.

For the funds, there was a net decrease of approximately US$1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was mainly due to the net outflow of US$0.1 million and deprecation of US$0.3 million during the period.

For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the asset management fees of HK$3,167,000 represents: i) management and advisory fees of HK$2,522,000 (management and advisory fees range from 0.9% to 2% of the fund size, with an average of 1.8%) and ii) fund subscription fee of HK$645,000.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the asset management fee of HK$1,488,000 (US$190,000) represents, i) management and advisory fees of HK$1,476,000 (management and advisory fees range from 0.9% to 2% of the fund size, with an average of 1.4%), and ii) fund subscription fees of HK$12,000.

Interest income generated from margin financing remained stable, and amounted to HK$3,478,000 and HK$3,338,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023 respectively. For customers that apply to be approved for a margin loan, upon the opening of their brokerage accounts, we require such customers to execute a margin agreement, an authorization form for the repledge of securities as collateral and a letter of personal guarantee before commencing the approval process.

We maintain a list of securities that we accept as collateral for the margin loans and the margin ratio for such collateral securities will also be displayed on a margin list which we maintain and update regularly, especially for securities with higher price fluctuations. We currently only accept shares of listed companies on the stock exchange of Hong Kong as securities collateral for margin loans. We refer to a number of factors when establishing and updating the margin ratios on the margin list, such as the trading volume, trading frequency, historical price fluctuations, market volatility of the respective securities and the margin ratios of other financial institutions. We also take into account the years of relationship with the customer, and assess the size and risk of the customer’s existing portfolio before approving the margin loan and determining the level of collateral required. The margin loans which are approved are repayable on demand with the securities held under margin accounts maintained by us as collateral. We have a dedicated team to monitor the collateral requirements on a daily basis. As we currently only accept shares of listed companies on the stock exchange of Hong Kong as securities collateral for margin loans, therefore, the collaterals have a regular mark-to-market mechanism for setting a fair market value.

The margin financing loans provided by the Group amounted to HK$HK$71,894,000, HK$61,545,000, HK$56,525,000 and HK$40,815,000 as of December 31, 2021, June 30, 2022, December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023, respectively. Taking the average of the beginning and ending amount of the margin financing sizes, the average margin financing sizes were HK$66,720,000 and HK$48,670,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023 respectively. The effect of the decrease in the average margin financing size throughout the period was offset by the increase in interest rate charged to our customers, resulted in similar interest income was generated for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023.

The margin loans were charged at an interest rate determined and reviewed by our directors from time to time (at least once every month) which will be published in the statement of accounts to customers. The interest rates we charged ranged from 8% to 20%. The average interest rates were 10% and 14% for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The increase in interest rates charged to our customers are aligning with the increased borrowing cost in Hong Kong.

Interest income generated from IPO financing represented interest income earned from IPO loans extended to customers for IPO subscriptions. There is no interest income generated from IPO financing during both the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023 as no customers applied for the subscription of IPO due to weak market sentiment for the Hong Kong IPO market.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses were:

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2023
	HK$’000		HK$’000
Compensation and benefits		4,604		3,515
Commission expense		1,346		722
Depreciation		27		4
General and administrative		3,455		3,311
Total operating expenses		9,432		7,552

Compensation and benefits represented the salaries, performance based discretionary bonuses and contribution to mandatory provident fund paid for the Company’s staff. Compensation decreased from HK$4,604,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK3,515,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 because two staff left Plutus at the end of 2022.

Commission expenses represent the commission to our account executives. Account executives are independent third parties who are dedicated to introducing potential investors to us. The commissions payable to our account executives are based on the actual investment amounts of investors invested in our investment products. Our Group has four active account executives who received commissions, all account executives are independent third parties to the Group. The commissions payable to our account executives are based on the investment amounts of investors invested in our investment products, and the Company settles the commission to the account executives quarterly. We believe that the account executives will be able to continue to procure new investments for us, and we therefore generally expect the commission expense to continue in future. During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, the account executives procured approximately HK$165 million and HK$185 million investments for the Company and the associated revenue generated from those investments was approximately HK$3.0 million and HK$1.4 million. The amount of commission paid to account executives varies among different investment products, but generally account executives will be paid between 50% - 70% of the commission received by the Company.

General and administrative expenses included entertainment expenses, office supplies and upkeep expenses, legal and professional fees, and other miscellaneous administrative expenses. The following table sets forth a summary of further breakdown of the general and administrative expense:

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2023
	HK$’000		HK$’000
Amortization of office lease		697		575
Expenditure in IT		603		457
Business entertainment		159		235
Office supplies		287		318
Legal and professional fee		1,303		458
Allowance for expected credit loss		-		875
Sundry and other miscellaneous		406		393
Total general and administrative expenses		3,455		3,311

These expenses decreased by HK$144,000 or approximately 4%, because of the decrease in legal and professional fees of HK$845,000 and offset by the allowance for expected credit loss of HK$875,000 recognized as at June 30, 2023. The recognition of allowance of credit loss was primarily due to the late repayment of certain margin loans to customers.

Loss from operations

Resulted from the above, there was a loss from operations of HK$548,000 and an income from operations of HK$1,162,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

Income tax expense

Cayman Islands and British Virgin Islands

The Company and its direct subsidiaries, Plutus IH Group and Plutus IH Int’l are domiciled in the Cayman Islands and the British Virgin Islands, respectively. Both localities currently enjoy permanent income tax holidays; accordingly, the Company, Plutus IH Group and Plutus IH Int’l do not accrue for income taxes.

Hong Kong

Under the Inland Revenue Ordinance of Hong Kong, only profits arising in or derived from Hong Kong are chargeable to Hong Kong profits tax, whereas the residence of a taxpayer is not relevant. Therefore, the Company’s operating subsidiaries, namely Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management, are generally subject to Hong Kong income tax on its taxable income derived from the trade or businesses carried out by them in Hong Kong.

The income tax provision consists of the following components:

	For the six months ended June 30, 2022 HK$’000		For the six months ended June 30, 2023 HK$’000
Current tax		141		405
Deferred tax		8		8
Total		149		413

A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes determined at the Hong Kong statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate is as follows:

	For the six months ended June 30, 2022 HK$’000			For the six months ended June 30, 2023 HK$’000
Profit (loss) before tax expense		(441	)		1,267

Tax at Hong Kong statutory tax rate of 16.5%		(73	)		209
Reconciling items:
Tax effect of temporary difference		6			1
Tax effect of non-taxable income		(18	)		(11	)
Tax effect of non-deductible expense		-			146
Tax effect of unrecognized tax losses		234			68
Income tax expense		149			405

Segment performance for six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023

Key financial performance measures of the segments are as follows:

Six months ended June 30, 2022

	Securities related services segment			Asset management services segment			Corporate			Total
	HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000

Revenues
- Securities brokerage commission		808			-			-			808
- Securities brokerage handling fee		43			-			-			43
- Underwriting commission		-			-			-			-
- Placing commission		1,388			-			-			1,388
- Interest income from margin financing		3,478			-			-			3,478
- Management fee for:
Related party fund – Fund SPC					1,051			-			1,051
Other funds					2,116			-			2,116
Compensation and benefits		-			-			(4,604	)		(4,604	)
Commission		(45	)		(1,301	)		-			(1,346	)
Depreciation		-			-			(27	)		(27	)
General and administrative		(2,543	)		(214	)		(698	)		(3,455	)
Other income – interest income		1			-			-			1
Other income		90			16			-			106

Income (loss) before income taxes		3,220			1,668			(5,329	)		(441	)

Six months ended June 30, 2023

	Securities related services segment			Asset management services segment			Corporate			Total
	HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000

Revenues
- Securities brokerage commission		2,809			-			-			2,809
- Securities brokerage handling fee		158			-			-			158
- Placing commission		921			-			-			921
- Interest income from margin financing		3,338			-			-			3,338
- Fund subscription and management fee for:
Related party fund – Fund SPC					530			-			530
Other funds					958			-			958
Compensation and benefits		-			-			(3,515	)		(3,515	)
Commission expense		-			(722	)		-			(722	)
Depreciation		-			-			(4	)		(4	)
General and administrative		(2,475	)		(259	)		(577	)		(3,311	)
Other income – interest income		65			2			-			67
Other income		38			-			-			38

Income (loss) before income taxes		4,854			509			(4,096	)		1,267

Our Group has two reportable segments, being securities-related services segment and asset management services segment. Securities related services segment represents the performance of Plutus Securities, which is licensed with the SFC to carry out Type 1 (dealing in securities) regulated activities and mainly offers (i) securities dealings and brokerage services; (ii) margin financing services; and (iii) underwriting and placing services; Asset management services Segment represents the performance of Plutus Asset Management, which is licensed with the SFC to carry out Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities in Hong Kong and mainly offers (i) asset management services and (ii) investment advisory services to our customers.

Securities related services segment

Revenue

Our financial services provided through Plutus Securities are regulated activities and licensed with the SFC. Therefore, the revenue generated from the securities-related services segment are (i) securities dealings and brokerage services; (ii) margin financing services; and (iii) underwriting and placing services. The segment revenue increased by HK$1,509,000 or 26% from $5,717,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK$7,226,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

The increase in revenue generated from the securities brokerage commission fee was the major reason for the increase in segment revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The revenue generated from the securities brokerage commission fee increased by HK$2,001,000 or 248% from 808,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK$2,809,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The securities brokerage commission fee represented the execution of trades in securities of the total volume of HK$469 million and HK$1,491 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

The revenue arising from interest income from margin financing maintained at a stable level, represented HK$3,478,000 and HK$3,338,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The outstanding margin financing provided by the Group amounted to HK$HK$71,894,000, HK$61,545,000, HK$56,525,000 and HK$40,815,000 as of December 31, 2021, June 30, 2022, December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023, respectively. Taking the average of the beginning and ending amount of the margin financing sizes, the average margin financing sizes were HK$66,720,000 and HK$48,670,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023 respectively. The effect of the decrease in the average margin financing size throughout the period was offset by the increase in interest rate charged to our customers, resulted in similar interest income was generated for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023.

General and administrative expense

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the general and administrative expenses:

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2023
	HK$’000		HK$’000
Expenditure in IT		603		457
Business entertainment		159		234
Office supplies		287		317
Legal and professional fees		1,293		373
Allowance for expected credit loss		-		875
Sundry and other miscellaneous		201		219
Total general and administrative expenses		2,543		2,475

These expenses decreased by HK$68,000 or approximately 3%, because of the decrease in legal and professional fees of HK$920,000 and offset by the allowance for expected credit loss of HK$875,000 recognized as at June 30, 2023. The recognition of allowance of credit loss was primarily due to the late repayment of certain margin loans to customers.

Income before income tax

Income before income tax of securities related services segment increased from HK$3,220,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK$4,854,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase was primarily due to the increase in the commission of securities trading amounted to HK$2,001,000.

Asset management services segment

Revenue

Our financial services provided through Plutus Asset Management are regulated activities and licensed with the SFC. Revenue generated from the asset management services segment are (i) asset management services and (ii) investment advisory services to our customers.

Fund subscription and management fees represent revenue generated in connection with our fund management services rendered to customers and include subscription fees charged to customers for the subscription of funds.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the asset management fees of HK$1,488,000 represents: i) management and advisory fees of HK$1,476,000 (management and advisory fees range from 0.9% to 2% of the fund size, with an average of 1.5%) and ii) fund subscription fee of HK$12,000.

The decrease in asset management fee from HK$3,167,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK$1,488,000 for six months ended June 30, 2023, by HK$1,679,000 or approximately 53% resulted from the combined effect of i) decrease in average fund size of the assets under management from HK$273 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK$218 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, the average fund size represented the average of the fund size of each month end during the periods, and ii) the decrease in average management and advisory fees decreased from 1.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to 1.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2023, and iii) the decrease in fund subscription fees from HK$645,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK$12,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023, the decrease in fund subscription fees resulted from the decrease in the inflow to the funds during the period.

Commission expense

General and administrative expenses

The general and administrative expenses of the asset management services segment increased from HK$214,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to HK$259,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase was attributable to the more sundry and miscellaneous expense was incurred during the period.

(Loss) income before income tax

Income before income tax of the asset management services segment decreased from income before income tax of HK$1,668,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to income before income tax of HK$509,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to the decrease in revenue generated from asset management services amounted to HK$1,679,000.

Corporate

Corporate costs represent the costs unallocated to the securities related services segment and asset management services segment. The material corporate costs are discussed below:

Compensation and benefits

The compensation and benefits of our employees, including our responsible officers, were not dedicated to a particular segment and therefore, all compensation and benefit of our employees, including our responsible officers were allocated to corporate.

The corporate compensation and benefits amounted to HK$4,604,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to HK$3,515,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was due to two staff left Plutus at the ended of 2022.

Depreciation

The corporate depreciation represents the depreciation arising from the leasehold improvement and office equipment of the Company. Our securities related services segment and asset management services shared the same office and thus the related depreciation is not allocated.

General and administrative expenses

The corporate general and administrative expenses represent the amortization of office lease, as our securities-related services and asset management services segments shared the same office, the related amortization of office lease is not allocated and all absorbed by the corporate.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Prior to this offering, our principal sources of liquidity to finance our operating activities come from shareholders’ contributions. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had HK$24,972,000 (US$3,187,000) cash and cash equivalents and HK$42,954,000 (US$5,481,000) cash segregated for regulatory purpose.

The Company believes that its current cash and cash equivalents and cash segregated for regulatory purpose and its anticipated cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet its cash needs for general corporate purposes for at least the next 12 months. After this offering, the Company may decide to enhance its liquidity position or increase its cash reserve for future operations and business expansion through additional financing. The issuance and sale of additional equity would result in further dilution to the Company’s shareholders.

Regulatory Capital Requirements

Subject to certain exemptions specified under the Securities and Futures (Financial Resources) Rules of Hong Kong (the “HK Financial Resources Rules”), as two of our wholly owned Hong Kong subsidiaries, Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management are companies registered to carry out Type 1 (dealing in securities), Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities with the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong, an independent statutory body set up in accordance with the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “SFO”), and both Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management are required to maintain minimum paid-up share capital and required liquid capital in accordance with the HK Financial Resources Rules to ensure an adequate amount of liquidity while conducting regulated activities business. The following table sets forth a summary of the requirements under the HK Financial Resources Rules that are applicable to Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management and their actual liquid capital as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023 respectively:

Company

Type of regulated activities

Minimum amount of paid-up capital

Required liquid capital as of December 31, 2022

Required liquid capital as of June 30, 2023

Actual liquid capital as of December 31, 2022

Actual liquid capital as of June 30, 2023

(HK$’000)

Plutus Securities

Type 1

10,000

3,000

41,150

38,962

Plutus Asset Management

Type 4 and 9

5,000

3,000

5,224

4,434

The paid-up capital is not defined under the SFO, but it generically refers to the actual paid-up share capital of a company by its shareholders. The liquid capital of the Company is determined based on its liquid assets minus its liquid liabilities, as defined in accordance with the relevant rules of the SFO. Liquid assets primarily represent our bank balances and account receivables from margin financing and dealing in securities, and the liquid liabilities primarily represent our account payables to clearing houses and related parties and concentration of margin financing. As of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023, both Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management have exceeded the required regulatory capital requirements.

As of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023, Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management were in compliance with their respective regulatory capital requirements.

Cash Flows

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2023

	2022 HK$’000			2023 HK$’000
Net cash provided by operating activities		24,444			20,491
Net cash used in investing activities		-			(11	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(1,238	)		(78	)
Cash at beginning of year		16,775			47,524
Cash at end of year		39,981			67,926

Cash Flows in Operating Activities – Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2023

Net cash provided by operating activities was HK$20,491,000 (US$2,615,000) for the six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to net income of HK$854,000. The difference was primarily attributable to (i) an increase in payables to customers and clearing organizations of HK$25,309,000 and ii) decrease in loans to customers of HK$14,903,000, offset by the increase in receivables from customers and broker – dealer of HK$16,122,000.

Net cash provided by operating activities was HK$24,444,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to net loss of HK$590,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The difference was primarily attributable to (i) an increase in payables to customers and clearing organizations of HK$25,347,000 and ii) decrease in loans to customers of HK$10,349,000, offset by the increase in receivables from customers and broker – dealer of HK$6,034,000.

Cash Flows in Investing Activities – Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2023

There were no material cash flows in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023.

Cash Flows in Financing Activities – Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2023

For the six months ended June 2023, cash used in financing activities of HK$78,000 (US$10,000) was attributable to the net advance to a related party of HK$78,000.

For the six months ended June 2022, cash used in financing activities of HK$1,238,000 was attributable to the net advance to a related party of HK$1,238,000.

Analysis of Items with Major Changes on the Consolidated Balance Sheets

	As of December 31,
	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023		As of June 30, 2023
	HK’000		HK’000		US$’000
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		12,694		24,972		3,187
Cash segregated for regulatory purpose		34,830		42,954		5,481
Loans to customers		54,084		38,064		4,857
Loans to customers - related parties		2,441		2,751		351
Receivables from:
Customers		1,709		3,177		406
Customers – related parties		2,002		1,079		138
Broker-dealers		499		16,008		2,043
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		4,553		6,063		774
Amount due from related parties		7,211		7,289		930
Total current assets		120,023		142,357		18,167
Non-current assets:
Property, plant and equipment, net		5		12		2
Right-of-use assets		2,243		1,668		213
Intangible asset		600		600		77
Deferred tax assets		314		306		39
Refundable deposit		229		229		29
Total non-current assets		3,391		2,815		360
TOTAL ASSETS		123,414		145,172		18,527

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Payables to:
Customers		14,732		23,335		2,978
Customers - related parties		20,062		35,286		4,503
Clearing organizations		407		1,889		241
Accruals and other current liabilities		2,289		1,070		138
Accrued commission to account executives		2,999		-		-
Lease liabilities - current		1,223		1,301		166
Income taxes payable		501		904		116
Total current liabilities		42,213		63,785		8,142

Non-current liability:
Lease liabilities - non-current		1,123		455		58
Total non-current liability		1,123		455		58
TOTAL LIABILITIES		43,336		64,240		8,200

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of funds deposited with banks, which are highly liquid and are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use. The balance of cash and cash equivalents were HK$12,694,000 and HK$24,972,00 (US$3,187,000) as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023, respectively.

Cash segregated for regulatory purpose represents the amount of cash deposited by our customers that has been segregated as required by the rules mandated by the SFC. A corresponding payable to customers is recorded upon receipt of the cash from the customer. Cash segregated for regulatory purpose increased from HK$34,830,000 as of December 31, 2022 to HK$42,954,000 (US$5,481,000) as of June 30, 2023 primarily because of the increase in cash kept by customers on their securities accounts. The increase in cash segregated for regulatory purpose was in line with the increase in payables to customers.

Loans to customers

The amount of margin lending to customers decreased from HK$56,525,000 as of December 31, 2022 to HK$40,815,000 (US$5,208,000) as of June 30, 2023 because customers were utilizing a lesser portion of the margin limits available to them as of June 30, 2023 when compared to as of December 31, 2022.

As disclosed above, the limits for margin loans to our customers are determined upon our customers opening their investment accounts. The procedures and standards for our margin lending did not change in 2023 as compared to 2022. Our margin loans are for the purpose of financing securities trading only and we do not engage any securities lending business.

There were no outstanding IPO loans to customers as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023.

Balances with related parties

Nature of relationships with related parties

Name		Relationship
Mr. Zhao		Chairman and Executive Director of the Company
Mr. Ting Kin Cheung (“Mr. Cheung”)		Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director of the Company
Mr. Chin Hung Wong (“Mr. Wong”)*		Former Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management
Mr. Wie Hon Tan (“Mr. Tan”)		Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management
Aurum Hill Limited		Entity controlled by management of the Company
Plutus Guardians Fund SPC (“Fund SPC”) and its subsidiaries		Entity of which Plutus Asset Management holds management share

* Mr. Wong resigned as Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management in April 2022.

Balances with related parties

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Loans to customers:
Mr. Cheung		2,441		2,751

Receivables from customers:
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		2,002		1,079

Payable to customers:
Mr. Cheung		24		19
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		20,038		35,267

Amounts due from related parties:
Mr. Zhao ⁽¹⁾		6,322		6,339
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		889		950

(1) Plutus Group declared a special dividend of HK$24,451,000 on August 30, 2022. Plutus Group was wholly owned by Mr. Zhao through Radiant Global Ventures Limited and Divine Star Ventures Limited on August 30, 2022. Plutus Group did not receive the funds from its subsidiaries. Instead, the special dividend was offset by the amount due from Mr. Zhao. The amount due from Mr. Zhao was decreased by HK$24,451,000 after declaration of the special dividend. As of June 30, 2023, the remaining amount due from Mr. Zhao was HK$6,339,000. This amount is reflected as a portion of the amounts due from related parties as reflected in our financial statements. The amount due from Mr. Zhao is unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand. The balance is non-trade in nature.

Transactions with related parties

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Asset management fee
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		1,051		530

Interest income:
Mr. Cheung		306		137
Mr. Wong		13		-
Mr. Tan		2		-
Aurum Hill Limited		63		-

Payable to customers and clearing organizations

Payable to customers and clearing organizations represented payables related to the Company’s customer trading activities, which included the cash deposits received by the Company from customers to cover their trading positions, clearing house payables due on pending trades and payable on demand, as well as the bank balances held for regulatory purpose. Payable to customers and clearing organizations increased by HK$25,309,000 from HK$35,201,000 as of December 31, 2022 to HK$60,510,000 (US$7,722,000) as of June 30, 2023. Payables to customers and clearing organizations vary daily depending on various factors, including the daily trading volume, net buy/sell transactions, frequency of transactions on each specific day and daily cash positions kept by customers on their securities account.

Results of Operations for Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2022

Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2022

	2021 HK$’000		2022 HK$’000			2022 US$’000
Revenues
Securities brokerage commission and handling fee		710		1,750			224
Securities brokerage handling fee		1,206		162			21
Underwriting and placing services fee		33,028		3,776			484
Asset management fee		2,897		6,599			846
Interest income from margin financing		5,154		6,990			896
Total revenues		42,995		19,277			2,471
Expenses:
Compensation and benefits		6,925		8,732			1,119
Commission expense		-		3,980			510
Advertising and marketing		4,500		-			-
Depreciation		302		33			4
General and administrative		5,826		7,569			970
Total expenses		17,553		20,314			2,603

Income (loss) from operations		25,442		(1,037	)		(132	)
Other income, net		268		425			54
Income (loss) before income taxes		25,710		(612	)		(78	)
Income tax expense		4,237		332			43
Net income (loss)		21,473		(944	)		(121	)

Revenues

Revenues comprised:

	For the year ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Commission and handling fee
Securities brokerage commission		710		1,750
Securities brokerage handling fee		1,206		162
Underwriting commission		7		-
Placing commission		33,021		3,776
		34,944		5,688
Asset management fee
Management fee		2,897		6,599
		2,897		6,599
Interest income
Margin financing – non-IPO loans		4,818		6,990
Margin financing – IPO loans		336		-
		5,154		6,990

Total revenues		42,995		19,277

Securities brokerage commission represented the commission for executing trades in securities on the secondary market. Securities brokerage handling fee represented the handling fee of subscribing for securities under IPO offering on behalf of customers, as elaborated below.

For fractional share trading, we have acted as the executing broker only. Commissions arising from the trading of fractional shares amounted to less than HK$1,000 (or US$128) for each of the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022. Beginning in 2023, we have ceased offering any fractional share trading and do not expect to earn any commissions from fractional share trading in the future. The Company did not actively engage in fractional share trading and previously offered it to customers only as a value-added service. In Hong Kong, fractional shares of Hong Kong listed companies generally only exist due to scrip dividend distributions to the Hong Kong listed company’s shareholders. Generally, fractional shares of Hong Kong listed companies are traded at a discount to the market price. In instances where a customer provided the Company with instructions to sell or buy fractional shares, the Company acted as a facilitator and assist to liaise with third party brokerage companies which offered trading in the fractional shares of that security and provided a quoted price to the customer. If the customer was satisfied with the quoted price, then the Company proceeded with the transaction with the licensed third-party brokerage company. If the quoted price was not accepted by the customer, the transaction did not proceed, and in the case where the transaction was for the customer to sell the fractional share, the factional shares remained with the customer’s securities account. The transaction, if it were to proceed, would have shared a similar operational process (i.e. order placement, funding, execution, fulfillment, custodial and record keeping responsibilities) as a normal non-fractional share order executed with a licensed third party brokerage company. As mentioned above, for the transaction to proceed, it would have been dependent on whether the customer accepted the price, which was largely based on whether that security was actively traded. No party bore responsibility for making the user “whole” upon purchase or sale of a fractional share and there were no limitations on the transfer of their fractional share investments to other brokerage accounts of other brokerage companies.

The steps involved In the purchase or sale of fractional shares, during time when the Company offered this service, consisted of the following:

1.	A client would call the Company to place an order to buy or sell fractional shares of a specific exchange listed company;
2.	Once the client order was received, the Company would contact third-party brokerage firms to get a price quote for fractional shares;
3.	After receiving a price quote from a third-party brokerage firm, the Company would contact it’s client and ask whether the quoted price was acceptable to the client. If the client agreed to buy or sell at the quoted price, then the trade would proceed to execution; otherwise, no trade would be done;
4.	The fractional shares would then be transferred from/to the third-party brokerage firm to/from Plutus’s designated account via the HKEx settlement system, which is the same procedure for normal buy/sell transactions, with the trade being settled T+2;
5.	All the records regarding the fractional share trade were kept and could be found in the Company’s server and its business operating system.

Plutus Securities was responsible for steps 1 (taking a client order), 2 (contacting a third party broker), 3 (determining if the client accepted the bid or ask), 4 (transferring the fractional shares), and 5 (record keeping). The third-party broker was responsible for step 2 (giving the Company a price quote), 3 (communicating a quote to the Company), and 4 (transferring the fractional shares via HKEx).

Residual shares usually will be created by the listed issuer declaring a share dividend or a stock split or consolidation. Execution of fractional share transactions were done only upon the client’s specific instructions. Since fractional shares cannot be traded directly on the exchange, all transactions were done with the third-party brokerage house. For fractional share transactions, the Company would use Plutus’s dedicated account to execute trade instructions from clients and would transfer back to the client’s own account for the settlement within the same day.

The Company’s total trading volume for fractional shares was below HK$50,000 for each of the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022.

For the handling fee of subscribing for securities under IPO offering on behalf of customers, we do not charge our customers any commission, but charge our customers a fixed handling fee based on the underlying services. The handling fee is deducted from customers’ accounts directly upon the provision of services in connection with the handling fee.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we offer trading in equities only. Since the year ended December 31, 2022, we extended our services to offer trading in equities and fixed income products.

The securities brokerage commissions from dealing with listed securities are HK$710,000 and HK$1,750,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. The increase in brokerage commissions from dealing with listed securities was due to the increase in trading volume of the securities by our customers. The underlying trading volumes were approximately HK$866 million and HK$1,209 million as executed and cleared for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. The number of our active customers increased to 136 for the year ended December 31, 2022 from 74 for the year ended December 31, 2021. The active customer represents a customer who maintains a balance of either deposit or securities in their Plutus account as of any month end date throughout the respective periods. The increase in the trading volume was due to the improvement in the overall market sentiment of the Hong Kong stock market for the year ended December 31, 2022 when compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. We earned the commissions from both individual customers and external brokers. We received commissions of HK$8,000 and HK$10,000 from external brokers for the placement of underlying trading volume of approximately HK$25 million and HK$35 million during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

For the trading in fixed income products, securities brokerage commission was nil and HK$190,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. The underlying trading volume was approximately HK$41 million as executed and cleared for the year ended December 31, 2022, as we extended our product type as there is a growing demand for the trading of fixed income products. We received the entire commission for trading in fixed income products from external brokers during the year ended December 31, 2022.

The handling fees as charged by us were HK$1,206,000 and HK$162,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. The handling fees arising from the subscription for securities in IPOs on behalf of customers amounted to HK$1,166,000 and nil for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

For the IPO handling fee, we charge our customers a fixed handling fee of HK$100 for each subscription (subject to discount). There was no handling fee generated from the subscription for securities in IPOs on behalf of customers during the year ended December 31, 2022 as no customer was participated in the subscription of IPO offerings as a result of the weak market sentiment in the Hong Kong IPO market. For the handling fee generated from the subscription for securities in IPOs on behalf of customers during the year ended December 31, 2021, we earned IPO handling fees from both individual customers and external brokers. We received handling fees of HK$66,000 and HK$1,100,000 from individual customers and external brokers for the placement of orders, respectively in that year.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the revenue from underwriting and placement services amounted to nil and HK$3,776,000, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the revenue from underwriting and placement services amounted to HK$7,000 and HK$33,021,000, respectively. There were no IPOs underwritten by Plutus Securities since the year ended December 31, 2021 due to the low sentiment in the IPO market in Hong Kong. There was almost no commission earned for both periods. There was a decrease in the placement services as investors were becoming more prudent in investing in debt issuance for the year ended December 31, 2022. The investors generally shifted toward the trading of securities of listed companies but were generally not keen on investing in IPOs or in the debt market. During the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, the placing proceeds amounted to approximately US$730 million and US$160 million and the weighted average rates were approximately 0.6% and 0.3%, respectively. The decrease in placing commission for the year ended December 31, 2022 was due to the decrease in size of placing proceeds.

Below are the sizes of funds managed by us:

	Fund size for the year ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	in US$’000		in US$’000
Discretionary accounts		26,757		18,047
Funds		3,336		8,680
Total		30,093		26,727

The roll forward of the funds during the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 is as below:

	Discretionary accounts			Funds			Total asset under management
	US$’000			US$’000			US$’000
As at January 1, 2021		268			2,121			2,389
Inflow		47,860			1,652			49,512
Outflow		(19,454	)		(473	)		(19,927	)
Appreciation/(deprecation)		(1,493	)		165			(1,328	)
Fees charged		(424	)		(129	)		(553	)
As at December 31, 2021		26,757			3,336			30,093
Inflow		12,590			5,718			18,308
Outflow		(20,973	)		(452	)		(21,425	)
Appreciation/(deprecation)		(129	)		726			597
Fees charged		(198	)		(648	)		(846	)
As at December 31, 2022		18,047			8,680			26,727

The size of the assets under management for which we act as investment manager decreased from approximately US$30,093,000 as at December 31, 2021 to approximately US$26,727,000 as at December 31, 2022. The discretionary accounts decreased from approximately US$27 million as at December 31, 2021 to approximately US$18 million as at December 31, 2022. The funds increased from approximately US$3 million as at December 31, 2021 to approximately US$9 million as at December 31, 2022.

For the discretionary accounts, the net decrease of approximately US$9 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily due to the net withdrawal of three customers amounting to approximately US$ 9 million during the year. The withdrawal of our customers is at our customers’ own discretion, and our management believes that the net withdrawal was due to the fact that the overall performance of the discretionary accounts was not up to the expectations of our discretionary account investors.

For the funds, there was a net increase of approximately US$6 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 and minimal outflow was noted during the year. Our management believes that this was due to recognition of the stable performance of the funds by our funds’ investors.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the asset management fee of HK$6,599,000 represents, i) management and advisory fees of HK$4,558,000 (management and advisory fees range from 0.9% to 2% of the fund size, with an average of 1.5%); ii) fund performance fees of HK$1,285,000; and iii) fund subscription fees of HK$756,000.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, the asset management fee of HK$2,897,000 primarily represent the management and advisory fees of HK$2,357,000 (management and advisory fees range from 0.9% to 2% of the fund size, with an average of 1.3%).

Interest income generated from margin financing increased from HK$4,818,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021 to HK$6,990,000 (US$896,000) for the year ended December 31, 2022. For customers that apply to be approved for a margin loan, upon the opening of their brokerage accounts, we require such customers to execute a margin agreement, an authorization form for the repledge of securities as collateral and a letter of personal guarantee before commencing the approval process.

The increase in interest income generated from margin financing was due to the increase in size of aggregate margin financing loans during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The margin financing loans provided by the Group amounted to HK$29,594,000, HK$71,894,000 and HK$56,525,000 as of December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively. Taking the average of the beginning and ending amount of the margin financing sizes, the average margin financing sizes were HK$50,744,000 and HK$64,210,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022. The increase in the average margin financing size throughout the year resulted in the increase in interest income for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The margin loans were charged at an interest rate determined and reviewed by our directors from time to time (at least once every month) which will be published in the statement of accounts to customers. The interest rates we charged ranged from 8% to 20%. The average interest rates were 9% and 10% for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

Interest income generated from IPO financing represented interest income earned from IPO loans extended to customers for IPO subscriptions. There is no interest income generated from IPO financing during the year ended December 31, 2022 as no customers applied for the subscription of IPO due to weak market sentiment in the Hong Kong IPO market.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses were:

	For the year ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HK$’000		HK$’000
Compensation and benefits		6,925		8,732
Commission expense		-		3,980
Advertising and marketing		4,500		-
Depreciation		302		33
General and administrative		5,826		7,569
Total operating expenses		17,553		20,314

Compensation and benefits represented the salaries, performance based discretionary bonuses and contribution to mandatory provident fund paid for the Company’s staff. Compensation increased from HK$6,925,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021 to HK8,732,000 (US$1,119,000) for the year ended December 31, 2022 because the Company added a responsible officer and two staff to the Group to support the Company’s business expansion in the asset management business in 2022. The responsible officer and the two staff accounted for the increment of HK$1.2 million in compensation and benefits.

Commission expenses represent the commission to our account executives. Account executives are independent third parties who are dedicated to introducing potential investors to us. The commissions payable to our account executives are based on the actual investment amounts of investors invested in our investment products. Our Group has four active account executives who received commissions, all account executives are independent third parties to the Group. The commissions payable to our account executives are based on the investment amounts of investors invested in our investment products, and the Company settles the commission to the account executives quarterly. We believe that the account executives will be able to continue to procure new investments for us, and we therefore generally expect the commission expense to continue in future. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the account executives procured approximately HK$267 million investments for the Company and the associated revenue generated from those investments was approximately HK$7 million. The amount of commission paid to account executives varies among different investment products, but generally account executives will be paid between 50% - 70% of the commission received by the Company.

Advertising and marketing expenses mainly consist of advertising, promotion and marketing expenses to build up the Company’s brand recognition and awareness. The Company engages marketing companies for promotion, brand building and sourcing potential customers. All services were provided in 2021 and the market services, among others, included brand building by producing animation for the Company, management and corporate photo taking, online advertisement in search engines to increase internet traffic, roadshow inviting potential investors to meet with the Company, approximately 20 meetings with presentation material (teaser and visual aids). For the year ended December 31, 2022, our management deemed it more beneficial for the Company to spend its marketing efforts when there are better investment sentiments. Accordingly, the budget for marketing efforts that year was therefore deferred until the easing of travel restrictions of Hong Kong and the PRC, which was expected to enhance the investment sentiments in Hong Kong. As a result, no advertisement and marketing expenses were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2022.

	For the year ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HK$’000		HK$’000
Amortization of office lease		1,440		1,348
Expenditure in IT		1,235		1,121
Business entertainment		787		736
Management fee		624		29
Office supplies		365		445
Legal and professional fee		245		2,709
Sundry and other miscellaneous		1,130		1,181
Total general and administrative expenses		5,826		7,569

These expenses increased by HK$1,743,000 (US$223,000) or approximately 29.9%, because of the increase in legal and professional fees of HK$2,464,000 in relation to the audit fee of the Group year over year. The management fee reflected in the table was payable to a service company retained by the Company to prepare a market assessment and analysis of marketing deliverables. The management fee was non-recurring in nature and decreased by HK$595,000 from 2021 to 2022, as the Company’s engagement of the service company ended in January 2022.

Income (loss) from operations

Income from operations for the year ended December 31, 2021 was HK$25,442,000 and loss from operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 was HK$1,037,000 (US$132,000). The loss from operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily because of the decrease in revenues of HK$23,718,000 (US$3,040,000).

Income tax expense

Cayman Islands and British Virgin Islands

Hong Kong

The income tax provision consists of the following components:

	2021 HK$’000		2022 HK$’000
Current tax		4,209		317
Deferred tax		28		15
Total		4,237		332

A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes determined at the Hong Kong statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate is as follows:

	2021 HK$’000			2022 HK$’000
Income (loss) before tax expense		25,710			(612	)

Tax at Hong Kong statutory tax rate of 16.5%		4,242			(101	)
Reconciling items:
Tax effect of temporary difference		14			99
Tax effect of non-taxable income		(27	)		(55	)
Tax effect of unrecognized tax losses		8			389
Income tax expense		4,237			332

Segment performance for fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 and 2022

Key financial performance measures of the segments are as follows:

Year ended December 31, 2021

	Securities related services segment			Asset management services segment			Corporate			Total
	HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000

Revenues
- Securities brokerage commission		710			-			-			710
- Securities brokerage handling fee		1,206			-			-			1,206
- Underwriting commission		7			-			-			7
- Placing commission		33,021			-			-			33,021
- Interest income from margin financing		4,818			-			-			4,818
- Interest income from IPO financing		336			-			-			336
- Management fee for:
Related party fund - Fund SPC		-			-						-
Other funds		-			2,897			-			2,897
Compensation and benefits		-			-			(6,925	)		(6,925	)
Advertising and marketing		-			-			(4,500	)		(4,500	)
Depreciation		-			-			(302	)		(302	)
General and administrative		(3,280	)		(1,173	)		(1,373	)		(5,826	)
Other income – interest income		1			-			-			1
Other income		267			-			-			267

Income (loss) before income taxes		37,086			1,724			(13,100	)		25,710

Year ended December 31, 2022

	Securities related services segment			Asset management services segment			Corporate			Total
	HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000

Revenues
- Securities brokerage commission		1,750			-			-			1,750
- Securities brokerage handling fee		162			-			-			162
- Placing commission		3,776			-			-			3,776
- Interest income from margin financing		6,990			-			-			6,990
- Fund subscription and management fee for:
Related party fund - Fund SPC		-			3,120			-			3,120
Other funds		-			3,479			-			3,479
Compensation and benefits		-			-			(8,732	)		(8,732	)
Commission expense		(458	)		(3,522	)		-			(3,980	)
Depreciation		-			-			(33	)		(33	)
General and administrative		(4,061	)		(445	)		(3,063	)		(7,569	)
Other income – interest income		17			-			-			17
Other income		364			44			-			408

Income (loss) before income taxes		8,540			2,676			(11,828	)		(612	)

Securities related services segment

Revenue

Our financial services provided through Plutus Securities are regulated activities and licensed with the SFC. Therefore, the revenue generated from the securities-related services segment are (i) securities dealings and brokerage services; (ii) margin financing services; and (iii) underwriting and placing services. The segment revenue decreased by HK$27,420,000 or 68% from $40,098,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021 to HK$12,678,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The decrease in revenue generated from the underwriting and placing services was the major reason for the decrease in segment revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022. The revenue generated from the underwriting and placing services accounted for 82% of the segment revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 and decreased by HK$ 29,252,000 or 89% for the year ended December 31, 2022. It has resulted in the drop of the segment revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022. The weakened market sentiment in the Hong Kong IPO market and debt issuance market resulted in the significant drop in the commission generated from underwriting and placing services.

There was an increase in revenue arising from interest income from margin financing from HK$5,154,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021 to HK$6,990,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The outstanding margin financing provided by the Group amounted to HK$29,594,000, HK$71,894,000 and HK$56,525,000 as of December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively. Taking the average of the beginning and ending amount of the margin financing balance, the average margin financing sizes were HK$50,744,000 and HK$64,210,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022. The increase in the average margin financing size throughout the year resulted in the increase in interest income for the year ended December 31, 2022.

General and administrative expense

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the general and administrative expenses:

	For the year ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HK$’000		HK$’000
Expenditure in IT		1,235		1,121
Business entertainment		787		736
Office supplies		365		445
Legal and professional fees		245		994
Sundry and other miscellaneous		648		765
Total general and administrative expenses		3,280		4,061

These expenses increased by HK$781,000 or approximately 23.8%, because of the increase in legal and professional fees of HK$749,000 in relation to the IPO application of the Group during the year ended December 31, 2022, and the increase in office suppliers of HK$80,000.

Income before income tax

Income before income tax of securities related services segment decreased from HK$37,086,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021 to HK$6,825,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to the decrease in revenue generated from the placing commission, which was decreased from HK$33,021,000 during the year ended December 31, 2021 to HK$3,776,000 during the year ended December 31, 2022.

Asset management services segment

Revenue

The size of the assets under management for which we act as investment manager was approximately US$30 million and US$27 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. The average fund size was approximately US$16 million and US$28 million during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

The segment performance of our asset management services is largely dependent on the fund size and the fund performance. With the increase in the average fund size as mentioned above, there was an increase in asset management fees from HK$2,897,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021 to HK$6,599,000 (US$846,000) for the year ended December 31, 2022, an increase of HK$3,702,000 or 128%.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, the asset management fees of HK$2,897,000 represents: i) management and advisory fees of HK$2,357,000 (management and advisory fees range from 0.9% to 2% of the fund size, with an average of 1.3%); ii) fund setup fees of HK$345,000; and iii) referral fee income of HK$195,000.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the asset management fees of HK$6,599,000 represents: i) management and advisory fees of HK$4,558,000 (management and advisory fees range from 0.9% to 2% of the fund size, with an average of 1.5%); ii) fund performance fees of HK$1,285,000; and iii) fund subscription fee of HK$756,000.

General and administrative expenses

The following table sets forth a breakdown of general and administrative expenses:

	For the year ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HK$’000		HK$’000
Management fees paid		624		29
Sundry and other miscellaneous		549		416
Total general and administrative expenses		1,173		445

The general and administrative expenses of the asset management services segment decreased from HK$1,173,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021 to HK$445,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in management fees paid because starting from January 2022, the Company discontinued to engage the service company that provided management services to us.

Income before income tax

Income before income tax of the asset management services segment increased from HK$1,724,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021 to HK$2,676,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to the increase in revenue generated from asset management services but offset by the commission paid to the account executives.

Corporate

Corporate costs represent the costs unallocated to the securities related services segment and asset management services segment. The material corporate costs are discussed below:

Compensation and benefits

The corporate compensation and benefits amounted to HK$8,732,000 during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to HK$6,925,000 during the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was due to the combined effect of 1) guaranteed bonus of one month salary of the employees for the year ended December 31, 2022, and there was no such bonus for the year ended December 31, 2021; 2) the employment of a more experienced responsible officer to support the Company’s business expansion in the asset management business in 2022. The responsible officer accounted for an incremental amount of HK$300,000; and 3) discretionary bonuses to certain employees with outstanding performance.

Advertising and marketing

The advertising and marketing expense during the year ended December 31, 2021 represents the service fees of marketing companies for the promotion, brand-building and sourcing of potential customers. The marketing services, among others, included brand-building by producing animation advertisements for the Company, management and corporate photo-taking, online advertisements in search engines to increase website traffic, non-deal roadshow inviting potential investors to meet with the Company, arranging 20 meetings with presentation material (teaser and visual aids) and on-the-road and roadshow desk support.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, our management deemed it more beneficial for the Company to expend marketing effort when there are better investment sentiments. The budget for marketing efforts was therefore deferred until the easing of travel restriction of Hong Kong and PRC, which was expected to enhance the investment sentiments in Hong Kong, At the result, no advertisement and marketing expenses were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2022.

The above advertising and marketing expenses were incurred for the promotion of the Company as a whole and therefore, the entire advertising and marketing expense was allocated as a corporate expense.

Depreciation

General and administrative expenses

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the general and administrative expenses:

	For the year ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HK$’000		HK$’000
Legal and professional fee		-		1,715
Amortization of office lease		1,373		1,348
Total general and administrative expenses		1,373		3,063

The corporate general and administrative expenses represent the amortization of office lease and audit fees related to the pending IPO of the Company. Although our securities-related services and asset management services segments shared the same office, the related amortization of office lease is not allocated and all absorbed by the corporate. Audit fees related to the pending IPO of the Company have only been incurred since the year ended December 31, 2022.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Prior to this offering, our principal sources of liquidity to finance our operating activities come from shareholders’ contributions. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had HK$12,694,000 (US$1,627,000) cash and cash equivalents and HK$34,830,000 (US$4,465,000) cash segregated for regulatory purpose.

Regulatory Capital Requirements

Company

Type of regulated activities

Minimum amount of paid-up capital

Required liquid capital as of December 31, 2021

Required liquid capital as of December 31, 2022

Actual liquid capital as of December 31, 2021

Actual liquid capital as of December 31, 2022

(HK$’000)

Plutus Securities

Type 1

10,000

3,000

50,838

41,150

Plutus Asset Management

Type 4 and 9

5,000

3,000

4,798

5,224

The paid-up capital is not defined under the SFO, but it generically refers to the actual paid-up share capital of a company by its shareholders. The liquid capital of the Company is determined based on its liquid assets minus its liquid liabilities, as defined in accordance with the relevant rules of the SFO. Liquid assets primarily represent our bank balances and account receivables from margin financing and dealing in securities, and the liquid liabilities primarily represent our account payables to clearing houses and related parties and concentration of margin financing. As of December 31, 2021 and 2022, both Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management have exceeded the required regulatory capital requirements.

As of December 31, 2021 and 2022, Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management were in compliance with their respective regulatory capital requirements.

Cash Flows

Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2022

	2021 HK$’000			2022 HK$’000
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(17,752	)		35,952
Net cash used in investing activities		-			-
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		2,927			(5,203	)
Cash at beginning of year		31,600			16,775
Cash at end of year		16,775			47,524

The Company had a balance of cash and cash equivalents of HK$12,694,000 (US$1,627,000) as of December 31, 2022, compared with a balance of HK$12,611,000 as of December 31, 2021.

Cash Flows in Operating Activities – Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2022

Net cash provided by operating activities was HK$35,952,000 (US$4,609,000) for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to net loss after income taxes and adjustments of depreciation of HK$911,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The difference was primarily attributable to (i) an increase in payables to customers and clearing organizations of HK$27,463,000 and ii) decrease in loans to customers of HK$15,369,000, offset by the decrease in income taxes payable of HK$5,258,000.

Net cash used in operating activities was HK$17,752,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to net income after income taxes and adjustments of depreciation of HK$21,775,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021. The difference was primarily attributable to (i) an increase in loans to customers of HK$42,300,000; (ii) an increase in receivables from customers and broker-dealers of HK$1,598,000; (iii) a decrease in payables to customers and clearing organizations of HK$5,006,000; (iv) an increase in accruals and other current liabilities of HK$5,097,000; and (v) an increase in taxes payable of HK$4,207,000.

Cash Flows in Investing Activities – Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2022

There were no cash flows in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2022.

Cash Flows in Financing Activities – Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2022

For the year ended December 31, 2022, cash used in financing activities of HK$5,203,000 (US$667,000) was primarily attributable to the payment for the deferred IPO cost of HK$4,089,000 (US$524,000) and advance to a related party of HK$1,114,000 (US$143,000).

For the year ended December 31, 2021, cash provided by financing activities of HK$2,927,000 was primarily attributable to proceeds from Mr. Zhisheng Zhao as shareholder’s contribution of HK$33,477,000 and repayment from a related party of HK$5,475,000 which were offset by advance to a related party of HK$36,025,000.

Analysis of Items with Major Changes on the Consolidated Balance Sheets

As of December 31, 2021 and 2022

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022		2022
	HK’000		HK’000		US$’000
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		12,611		12,694		1,627
Cash segregated for regulatory purpose		4,164		34,830		4,465
Loans to customers		63,209		54,084		6,933
Loans to customers - related parties		8,685		2,441		313
Receivables from:
Customers		3,079		1,709		219
Customers – related parties		-		2,002		257
Broker-dealers		341		499		64
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		507		4,553		584
Amount due from related parties		30,398		7,211		924
Total current assets		122,994		120,023		15,386
Non-current assets:
Property, plant and equipment, net		38		5		1
Right-of-use assets		1,172		2,243		288
Intangible asset		600		600		77
Deferred tax assets		329		314		40
Refundable deposit		205		229		29
Total non-current assets		2,344		3,391		435
TOTAL ASSETS		125,338		123,414		15,821

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Payables to:
Customers		4,573		14,732		1,888
Customers - related parties		730		20,062		2,572
Clearing organizations		2,435		407		52
Accruals and other current liabilities		5,218		2,289		296
Accrued commission to account executives		-		2,999		384
Lease liabilities - current		1,172		1,223		157
Income taxes payable		5,737		501		64
Total current liabilities		19,865		42,213		5,413

Non-current liability:
Lease liabilities - non-current		-		1,123		144
Total non-current liability		-		1,123		144
TOTAL LIABILITIES		19,865		43,336		5,557

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of funds deposited with banks, which are highly liquid and are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use. The balance of cash and cash equivalents were HK$12,611,000 and HK$12,694,000 (US$1,627,000) as of December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

Cash segregated for regulatory purpose represent the amount of cash deposited by our customers that has been segregated as required by the rules mandated by the SFC. A corresponding payable to customers is recorded upon receipt of the cash from the customer. Cash segregated for regulatory purpose increased from HK$4,164,000 as of December 31, 2021 to HK$34,830,000 (US$4,465,000) as of December 31, 2022 primarily because of the increase in cash kept by customers on their securities accounts. The increase in cash segregated for regulatory purpose was in line with the increase in payables to customers year over year.

Loans to customers

The amount of margin lending to customers decreased from HK$71,894,000 as of December 31, 2021 to HK$56,525,000 (US$7,246,000) as of December 31, 2022 because customers were utilizing a lesser portion of the margin limits available to them as of December 31, 2022 when compared to as of December 31, 2021.

The interest income generated from margin financing is based on the loan sizes utilized by customers throughout the year, instead of the outstanding loans to customers as of the ending date of the year. The outstanding margin financing provided by the Group amounted to HK$29,594,000, HK$71,894,000 and HK$56,525,000 as of December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively. Taking the average of the beginning and ending amount of the margin financing sizes, the average margin financing sizes were HK$50,744,000 and HK$64,210,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022. Therefore, the interest income for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased in line with an increase in the loan size utilized by customers throughout the year, while the outstanding amount of margin lending to customers decreased as of December 31, 2022 when compared to the outstanding amount as of December 31, 2021.

As disclosed above, the limits for margin loans to our customers are determined upon our customers opening their investment accounts. The procedures and standards for our margin lending did not change in 2022 as compared to 2021. Our margin loans are for the purpose of financing securities trading only and we do not engage any securities lending business.

There were no outstanding IPO loans to customers as of December 31, 2021 and 2022.

Balances with related parties

Nature of relationships with related parties

Name		Relationship
Mr. Zhao		Chairman and Executive Director of the Company
Mr. Ting Kin Cheung (“Mr. Cheung”)		Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director of the Company
Mr. Chin Hung Wong (“Mr. Wong”)*		Former Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management
Mr. Wie Hon Tan (“Mr. Tan”)		Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management
Aurum Hill Limited		Entity controlled by management of the Company
Plutus Guardians Fund SPC (“Fund SPC”) and its subsidiaries		Entity of which Plutus Asset Management holds management shares**

* Mr. Wong resigned as Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management in April 2022.

** The management shares are held by the investment manager of Fund SPC, Plutus Asset Management. These shares represent the voting shares in the capital of Fund SPC. The management shares, however, do not participate in the profits and losses of the fund, carry no rights to dividends, and are not redeemable. The fixed income and mortgage-backed funds under Fund SPC aim to generate fixed income returns and long-term capital growth for investors. Plutus Asset Management serves as the investment manager for Fund SPC.

As discussed in more detail on pages 114 and 115, below: (i) The receivable due to the Company from Fund SPC and its subsidiaries primarily represents the operational expenses of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries, as settled on behalf of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries by the Company, without any mark-up charged to Fund SPC and its subsidiaries by the Company. The amounts paid on behalf of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries by the Company are unsecured, interest free and repayable on demand. Plutus is not required to fund the operating expenses of Fund SPC and / or its subsidiaries. As the investment manager of Fund SPC, however, Plutus Asset Management typically pays certain operating expenses on behalf of Fund SPC. (ii) The amount payable to Fund SPC and its subsidiaries represents the deposit in Fund SPC’s Plutus investment account. Such deposit is unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand. Pursuant to the Securities and Futures (Client Money) Rule under the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Ordinance, the Company maintains cash in segregated bank accounts with banks for the exclusive benefit of customers. The Company has classified such cash in segregated bank accounts as cash segregated for regulatory purpose under the assets section in the consolidated balance sheets and recognized the corresponding accounts payable to the respective customers under the liabilities section. (iii) Revenue generated from Fund SPC by the Company represents the asset management fees generated from the provision of asset management services as investment manager. The asset management fee is charged on 2% of the net asset value of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries.

Balances with related parties

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Loans to customers:
Mr. Cheung		6,080		2,441
Mr. Wong		956		-
Mr. Tan		156		-
Aurum Hill Limited		1,493		-

Receivables from customers:
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		-		2,002

Payable to customers:
Mr. Zhao		709		-
Mr. Cheung		21		24
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		-		20,038

Amounts due from related parties:
Mr. Zhao ⁽¹⁾		29,749		6,322
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		649		889

(1) Plutus Group declared a special dividend of HK$24,451,000 on August 30, 2022. Plutus Group was wholly owned by Mr. Zhao through Radiant Global Ventures Limited and Divine Star Ventures Limited on August 30, 2022. Plutus Group did not receive the funds from its subsidiaries. Instead, the special dividend was offset by the amount due from Mr. Zhao. The amount due from Mr. Zhao was decreased by HK$24,451,000 after declaration of the special dividend. As of December 31, 2022, the remaining amount due from Mr. Zhao was HK$6,322,000. This amount is reflected as a portion of the amounts due from related parties as reflected in our financial statements. The amount due from Mr. Zhao is unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand. The balance is non-trade in nature.

Transactions with related parties

	For the year ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Asset management fee
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		-		3,120

Interest income:
Mr. Cheung		321		449
Mr. Wong		39		13
Mr. Tan		5		2
Aurum Hill Limited		225		101

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following:

	As of December 31, 2021 HK$’000			As of December 31, 2022 HK$’000
Leasehold improvements		2,260			2,260
Office equipment		531			531
Sub-total		2,791			2,791
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(2,753	)		(2,786	)
Property, plant and equipment, net		38			5

Depreciation expense was approximately HK$302,000 and HK$33,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

Payable to customers and clearing organizations

Payable to customers and clearing organizations represented payables related to the Company’s customer trading activities, which included the cash deposits received by the Company from customers to cover their trading positions, clearing house payables due on pending trades and payable on demand, as well as the bank balances held for regulatory purpose. Payable to customers and clearing organizations increased by HK$27,463,000 from HK$7,738,000 as of December 31, 2021 to HK$35,201,000 (US$4,512,000) as of December 31, 2022. Payables to customers and clearing organizations vary daily depending on various factors, including the daily trading volume, net buy/sell transactions, frequency of transactions on each specific day and daily cash positions kept by customers on their securities account.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

A list of recently issued accounting pronouncements that are relevant to us is included in note 2 of our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Accounting Policies in relation to Revenue recognition

In May 2014, the FASB issued Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. This topic clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue and develops a common revenue standard for U.S. GAAP. Simultaneously, this topic supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, and most industry-specific guidance throughout the Industry Topics of the Codification. The core principle of the guidance requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

The Company currently generates its revenue from the following main sources:

Securities brokerage commissions

The Company provides securities brokerage services, which include provision of trade execution and clearing (collectively the “trade execution”), and custody services to individual customers or corporate customers (i.e. brokers). When a customer initiates a trade order through the Company, trade execution fees are recognized and accrued in individual equities on a trade-date basis, and are recognized at a point in time (trade date) when the performance obligation has been satisfied by the completion of executing of transaction. Trade execution and clearing services are bundled into a single performance obligation as they are not separately identifiable. Trade execution and clearing services are both inputs to the combined output of security trading and the Company does not provide the two services separately. The Company acts as an agent as the Company merely arranges trading of securities between other investors in the market and the Company’s customers. The Company negotiates trade execution fee rates with customers on an individual basis and charges trade execution fees at a fixed percentage of trading amount. As a result, there is variable consideration in the transaction price as transaction fee rates generally vary among customers and transactions. The fee is directly charged from the customer’s account when the transactions are executed. The Company provides custody services but it does not charge separate fee for custody services for securities and funds. Custody services area necessary function in order to facilitate trade for customers. Trade execution services are priced at their standalone selling prices, it would be accounted for as a separate contract and none of the trade execution fees would be allocated to the custody services.

Securities brokerage handling fee

Handling fee income earned from providing services including IPO subscription and dividend handling services to individual customers or corporate customers (i.e. brokers). IPO subscription fee is recognized at the time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by successfully submitting IPO subscription on behalf of customers. IPO subscription handling fee is fixed per order, regardless of successful allotment, and no variable consideration in the transaction price. No handling fee is charged by the Company to customers in the event that there is no successful execution of the related IPO subscription transaction. Dividend handling fee income is recognized at the time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by receiving dividends on behalf of customers. The transaction price includes variable consideration and is charged at a fixed percentage of dividend collected. The dividend collected is credited to customer’s account. The Company acts as an agent as the Company merely arranges trading of securities between other investors or securities issuers in the market and the Company’s customers. Handling fee income is directly charged from the customer’s account when the transactions are executed. The Company receives no fees from other investors in the market or securities issuers in the handling fee types of transactions.

Underwriting and placing services

The underwriting service is distinct and is identified as one performance obligation. Underwriting commission income is recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by the completion of provision of underwriting services under the respective engagement terms, which is typically at the closing of the transaction. The customer of the Company is the securities issuer. The Company acts as a principal in underwriting services to raise capital for the securities issuer, who issues or proposes to issue any securities, as the Company is obligated to take up unsubscribed securities up to underwriting commitment, an agreed maximum number of securities to underwrite. The Company is primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified good or service to customers. The Company has inventory risk before or after the specified good or service has been transferred to a customer. Even the Company has no discretion in setting prices to customers, the Company is a principal in underwriting services considering the indicators of primarily responsibility and inventory risk outweighed the indicators of pricing discretion. The contractual payment terms are typically due in no more than 30 days from invoicing.

The placing service is distinct and is identified as one performance obligation. Placing commission income is recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by the completion of provision of placing services under the respective engagement terms, which is typically at the closing of the transaction. The customer of the Company is the securities issuers. The placing commitment, as stated in the placing agreement with securities issuers, is that the Company is an agent to provide placing services by using its reasonable best efforts to procure potential subscribers to subscribe the funds raised by securities issuers. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the securities if the subscribers do not subscribe to any or all of the securities. The Company is not primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified good or service to customers. The Company has no inventory risk before or after the specified good or service has been transferred to a customer. The Company has no discretion in setting prices to customers. The contractual payment terms are typically due in no more than 30 days from invoicing.

Underwriting and placing commission income are generally charged at fixed rate with reference to size of funds raised in the transaction, subject to determination of securities issuers and the transaction price includes variable consideration. The contractual payment terms are typically due in no more than 30 days from invoicing. The Company does not receive or not entitled to any compensation if the related underwriting and placing transaction are not completed.

Asset management and advisory fee

Revenue from asset management and advisory services is primarily in connection with (i) services as an investment manager or an advisor from funds or investments; and (ii) fund subscription services to customers. The Company rendered management and advisory services to individual customers as a principal which are recorded over the period of service provided. Asset management and advisory service fee is charged by the Company to funds monthly and collected directly out of custodial accounts. The Company acts as a principal to provide investment and advisory services to individual customers and charges customers asset management and advisory fee at fixed amount or fixed percentage of asset value under management in accordance with the agreement. There is variable consideration in the transaction price if the fee is charged at fixed percentage of asset values. The fee is due and paid within the specified terms of payment.

Fund subscription fee charged to fund subscribers for subscription of funds is recognized at a point in time when participating share is successfully subscribed. The Company acts as an agent between funds and fund subscribers to provide fund subscription services and charges fund subscription fee at fixed rate with reference to size of subscription amount to fund subscriber through funds when the subscription of funds is completed, and typically due in no more than 30 days from invoicing. There is variable consideration in the transaction price if the fee is charged at fixed percentage of subscription amount.

Interest income

The Company earns interest income primarily from its margin and IPO financing offered by the Company to customers. Revenue is recognized over the period that the margin loans and IPO financing are outstanding. The Company offers margin loan to individual customers as a principal with its own funding. There is variable consideration in the transaction price as interest income is directly charged at fixed percentage over the financing amount from the customer’s account monthly or when customers repay the principal amount of margin.

There were no contract asset or contract liability balances as of December 31, 2021 and 2022 and June 30, 2023.

INDUSTRY

Overview of Financial and Wealth Management Industry in Hong Kong

This section contains information from the Industry Information Sheet commissioned by us and prepared by Frost & Sullivan, to provide information regarding our industry and our market position in Hong Kong.

Background of financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong

The financial and wealth management business in Hong Kong is mainly operated by licensed corporations (the “LCs”) and registered institutions (the “RIs”), and mainly provides (i) securities dealing and brokerage services; (ii) placing and underwriting services; (iii) asset management and fund advisory services; and (iv) investment and corporate finance advisory services.

a) Securities dealing and brokerage services

The provision of securities dealing and brokerage services in Hong Kong is regulated by the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong (the “SFC”) and constitutes Type 1 (dealing in securities) (“Type 1”) regulated activity under the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Chapter 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “SFO”). The companies engaged in such services provide securities dealing and brokerage services for securities involving stocks, derivatives and debt instruments in returns for the brokerage commission fees.

b) Placing and underwriting services

The provision of placing and underwriting services in Hong Kong is regulated by the SFC and constitutes Type 1 regulated activity under the SFO. The companies engaged in such services are generally the underwriter, sub-underwriter, placing agent or sub-placing agent for the fund-raising exercises, including but not limited to the initial public offerings (the “IPO(s)”), rights issues, placing of new shares, unlisted debt and derivatives securities, in return for underwriting or placing commission income.

c) Asset management and fund advisory services

The provision of asset management and fund advisory services in Hong Kong is regulated by the SFC and generally constitutes Types 4 (advising on securities) (“Type 4”), Type 5 (advising on futures contracts) (“Type 5”) and/or Type 9 (asset management) (“Type 9”) regulated activities under the SFO. The companies engaged in such services mainly act as investment managers and/or investment advisors of funds to manage and/or advise the portfolio of funds and managed accounts in returns for asset management fees and/or advisory fees. They may also provide fund administration services in return for administrative fees.

d) Investment and corporate finance advisory services

(i)

Investment advisory service

The provision of investment advisory services in Hong Kong is regulated by the SFC and generally constitutes Type 4 and/or Type 5 regulated activities under the SFO. The companies engaged in such services mainly (i) advise on customers’ investment portfolios, investment strategy and asset allocation; (ii) identify potential investment or divestment opportunities for the customers; (iii) provide evaluation services such as performing due diligence and valuation on investment to the customers; and (iv) provide financing solutions or divestment opportunities based on their investment objectives and funding requirements.

(ii)

Corporate finance advisory service

The provision of corporate finance advisory services in Hong Kong is regulated by the SFC and generally constitutes Type 6 (advising on corporate finance) (“Type 6”) regulated activity under the SFO. The companies engaged in such services offer services including (i) advising on transactions or compliance matters under the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “HKEx”) or the Hong Kong Code on Takeovers and Mergers issued by the SFC in the capacity of financial advisers; (ii) giving opinions or recommendations to the independent board committee and the independent shareholders of listed issuers in the capacity of independent financial advisers; (iii) acting as compliance advisers to listed companies in Hong Kong; and (iv) acting as sponsors to the IPOs and listings of shares of companies on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited in return for advisory fee income.

Market size by revenue of the establishments engaged in the financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong

The table of the market size by revenue of the establishments engaged in the financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong by market segment from 2016-2026E is as follows:

Market Segment	Market share by revenue in 2021			Revenue in 2016 (HK$ billion)		Revenue in 2021 (HK$ billion)		Expected Revenue in 2022 (HK$ billion)		Expected Revenue in 2026 (HK$ billion)		CAGR 2016-2021			CAGR 2022E-2026E
Asset management and fund advisory services		37.4	%		58.2		114.0		132.1		226.9		14.4	%		14.5	%
Securities dealing and brokerage services		35.1	%		64.2		107.1		119.4		188.2		10.8	%		12.0	%
Placing and underwriting services		16.2	%		36.6		49.5		53.1		66.6		6.2	%		5.8	%
Investment and corporate finance advisory services		3.0	%		5.3		9.1		10.4		15.7		11.4	%		10.8	%
Others		8.3	%		14.8		25.2		29.2		45.1		11.2	%		11.5	%
Total Market		100.0	%		179.1		304.9		344.2		542.5		11.2	%		12.0	%

Source: Frost & Sullivan

The market size by revenue of the establishments engaged in the financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong has grown greatly from approximately HK$179.1 billion (approximately US$23.0 billion) in 2016 to approximately HK$304.9 billion (approximately US$39.1 billion) in 2021, representing a CAGR of approximately 11.2% from 2016 to 2021, which was attributable to the strong market performance and the global economic recovery during the past year. In 2021, approximately 37.4% and 35.1% of aforesaid revenue were arisen from the asset management and fund advisory services and securities dealing and brokerage services, respectively. Placing and underwriting services and investment and corporate finance advisory services accounted for approximately 16.2% and 3.0%, respectively, while the others represented for approximately 8.3% of the total market revenue of the financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong in 2021. The market size by revenue is expected to increase from approximately HK$344.2 billion (approximately US$44.1 billion) in 2022 to approximately HK$542.5 billion (approximately US$69.6 billion) in 2026, at a CAGR of approximately 12.0% from 2022 to 2026, which is expected to be benefited from the continuous government support on this industry and the offering of diversified products and services in multiple currencies and multiple levels to meet the various demands of both local and international investors. The asset management and fund advisory services and the securities dealing and brokerage services are expected to continue to dominate this market in 2026, at approximately HK$226.9 billion (approximately US$29.1 billion) and approximately HK$188.2 billion (approximately US$24.1 billion), respectively.

Number of licensed corporations, registered institutions, responsible/approved officers and representatives carrying out Type 1, Type 4 and Type 9 regulated activities under the SFO in Hong Kong

The table of the number of LCs, RIs, responsible/approved officers and licensed representatives carrying out each of Type 1, Type 4 and Type 9 regulated activities under the SFO in Hong Kong for the period from 2014 to 2021 is as follows:

Type 1	2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021

LCs		973		1,024		1,129		1,247		1,350		1,430		1,448		1,487
RIs		117		118		121		119		117		114		112		111
Responsible/ approved officers		3,284		3,434		3,770		4,163		4,625		4,894		5,022		5,119

Licensed representatives		24,656		25,765		25,866		26,309		27,008		27,225		26,755		27,843

Total		29,030		30,341		30,886		31,838		33,100		33,663		33,337		34,560

Type 4	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021

LCs	928	987	1,131	1,291	1,445	1,602	1,700	1,773
RIs	93	96	97	96	93	92	93	95
Responsible/ approved officers	2,569	2,745	3,123	3,513	4,061	4,415	4,710	4,905

Licensed representatives	9,603	10,462	11,018	11,834	13,054	13,957	14,278	15,382

Total	13,193	14,290	15,369	16,734	18,653	20,066	20,781	22,155

Type 9	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021

LCs	1,031	1,135	1,300	1,477	1,643	1,808	1,878	1,979
RIs	43	42	40	36	35	36	36	37
Responsible/ approved officers	2,501	2,751	3,177	3,576	4,101	4,435	4,620	4,855

Licensed representatives	5,228	5,821	6,366	6,954	7,588	8,251	8,454	8,931

Total	8,803	9,749	10,883	12,043	13,367	14,530	14,988	15,802

Source: SFC

It is expected that the number of LCs, responsible/approved officers and licensed representatives carrying out each of Type 1, Type 4 and Type 9 regulated activities under the SFO is likely to increase steadily due to the sustained growth of financial and wealth management industry. The number of RIs carrying out each of Type 1, Type 4 and Type 9 regulated activities under the SFO is likely to remain stable as RIs are generally authorized financial institutions including licensed banks, restricted licensed banks and deposit-taking companies.

a) Securities dealing and brokerage services in Hong Kong

The tables of the total annual trading turnover and average daily trading turnover of the securities on the Hong Kong stock exchange market for the period from 2014 to 2020 are as follows:

Source: HKEx

The total annual trading turnover and average daily trading turnover of the securities on the Hong Kong stock exchange market grew from approximately HK$17,155,730.3 million (approximately US$2,199,452.6 million) and approximately HK$69,456.4 million (approximately US$8,904.7 million) in 2014 to approximately HK$32,110,147.9 million (approximately US$4,116,685.6 million) and approximately 129,476.4 million (approximately US$16,599.5 million) in 2020, representing CAGRs of approximately 11.0% and 10.9%. The total annual trading turnover and average daily turnover of the securities on the Hong Kong stock exchange market increased to approximately HK$26,090,621.6 million (approximately US$3,344,951.5 million) and approximately HK$105,630.1 million (approximately US$13,542.3 million) in 2015, which was mainly attributable to a number of Chinese enterprises proceed with their IPO and other fund-raising activities on the Hong Kong stock exchange market as a result of the crash of China’s stock market. The total annual trading turnover and average daily turnover of the securities on the Hong Kong stock exchange market dropped to approximately HK$16,396,425.0 million (approximately US$2,102,105.8 million) and approximately HK$66,924.2 million (approximately US$8,580.0 million) in 2016. Such downturn was attributable to the reduced levels of market activities as a result of RMB depreciation and Fed interest-rate hike. Following the launch and implementation of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect in December 2016, the total annual trading turnover and average daily turnover of the securities on the Hong Kong stock exchange market improved to approximately HK$26,422,762.1 million (approximately US$3,387,533.6 million) and approximately HK$107,409.6 million (approximately US$13,770.5 million) in 2018. In 2019, the Hong Kong economy softened due to the global economic downturn, U.S.-China trade tension and local social incidents, which led the total annual trading turnover and average daily turnover of the securities on the Hong Kong stock exchange market decreased to approximately HK$21,440,049.2 million (approximately US$2,748,724.3 million) and approximately HK$87,154.7 million (approximately US$11,173.7 million). However, even though the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic which adversely hit the Hong Kong economy in 2020, the Hong Kong stock market remained strong and active and the total annual trading turnover and average daily turnover of the securities on the Hong Kong stock exchange market increased to approximately HK$32,110,147.9 million (approximately US$4,116,685.6 million) and approximately HK$129,476.4 million (approximately US$16,599.5 million) in 2020.

According to The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited, there were 700 Exchange Participants in the Stock Exchange and 195 Exchange Participants in the Futures Exchange as of 31 December 2020. HKEx Participants are divided into 3 categories: “A”, “B” and “C”. Category A consists of the top 14 brokerage firms by transaction size, while Category B refers to the participants ranked from 15 to 65. The remaining participants in the market are grouped in Category C. The brokerage services market in Hong Kong is relatively consolidated and dominated by certain Category A firms, with Category A participants accounting for 58.15% of the total market turnover in 2020, while Category B participants accounted for a share of approximately 34.50% of the total market turnover in the same year.

b) Placing and underwriting services in Hong Kong

The table of the total equity fund raised from IPO and Post-IPO on the Hong Kong stock market for the period from 2014 to 2020 is as follows:

Source: HKEx

The table of the total number of new listings on the Hong Kong stock market for the period from 2014 to 2020 is as follows:

Source: HKEx

Hong Kong has been the top IPO venue globally in 2015, 2016, 2018 and 2019, with a total of 138, 126, 218 and 183 IPOs raising approximately HK$263.1 billion (approximately US$33.7 billion), approximately HK$195.3 billion (approximately US$25.0 billion), approximately HK$288.0 billion (approximately US$36.9 billion) and approximately HK$314.2 billion (approximately US$40.3 billion), respectively. The equity fundraising through post-IPO in Hong Kong was very active in 2014 and 2015, but subsequently fell significantly from approximately HK$852.6 billion (approximately US$109.3 billion) in 2015 to approximately HK$294.7 billion (approximately US$37.8 billion) in 2016 and further decreased to approximately HK$140.0 billion (approximately US$18.0 billion) in 2019, then rebounded to approximately HK$346.8 billion (approximately US$44.5 billion) in 2020. The large number of listed and newly listed companies on the Hong Kong stock market has created huge demands for the placing and underwriting services in Hong Kong.

c) Asset management and fund advisory services in Hong Kong

The table of the market size by AUM of asset management and fund advisory sector (excluding real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) in Hong Kong from 2016-2026E is as follows:

	Market share by AUM in 2021			AUM in 2016 (HK$ billion)		AUM in 2021 (HK$ billion)		Expected AUM in 2022 (HK$ billion)		Expected AUM in 2026 (HK$ billion)		CAGR 2016-2021			CAGR 2022E-2026E
LCs- Asset Management		79.8	%		12,553.0		22,675.9		29,123.3		51,971.7		12.6	%		15.6	%

Insurance Companies (“ICs”) - Asset Management		4.9	%		514.0		1,383.0		1,631.9		3,410.1		21.9	%		20.2	%

Ris - Asset Management		6.1	%		956.0		1,745.1		1,998.1		3,682.2		12.8	%		16.5	%

LCs - Fund Advisory		9.2	%		1,198.0		2,625.2		3,100.4		6,243.8		17.0	%		19.1	%

Total Market		100.0	%		15,221.0		28,429.2		35,853.7		65,307.8		13.3	%		16.2	%

The market size by AUM of the asset management and fund advisory sector (excluding REITs) in Hong Kong increased rapidly from approximately HK$15,221.0 billion (approximately US$1,951.4 billion) in 2016 to approximately HK$28,429.2 billion (approximately US$3,644.8 billion) in 2021, representing a CAGR of 13.3% from 2016 to 2021, which was attributable to global economy recovery and the launch of Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect and Bond Connect over the past year. Moving forward, driven by the economic growth and the growing development in diversified financial products including the green financing and green bonds and technology to support the development of the Greater Bay Area, the market size by AUM of the asset management and fund advisory sector (excluding REITs) in Hong Kong is expected reach approximately HK$65,307.8 billion (approximately US$8,372.8 billion) in 2026, representing a CAGR of approximately 16.2% from 2022 to 2026.

d) Investment and corporate finance advisory services in Hong Kong

The provision of investment advisory service in Hong Kong is regulated by the SFC and generally constitutes Type 4 and/or Type 5 regulated activities under the SFO. At the end of 2021, there were 1,773 LCs and 95 RIs engaged in Type 4 regulated activity and 183 LCs and 6 RIs engaged in Type 5 regulated activity under the SFO, respectively. The provision of corporate finance advisory service in Hong Kong generally constitutes Type 6 regulated activity under the SFO. At the end of 2021, there were 326 LCs and 31 RIs engaged in Type 6 regulated activity under the SFO, respectively. The revenue from investment and corporate advisory services has grown from approximately HK$5.3 billion (approximately US$0.7 billion) in 2016 to approximately HK$9.1 billion (approximately US$1.2 billion) in 2021, representing a CAGR of approximately 11.4% from 2016 to 2021. It was driven by the rapid growth of the social economy and wealth in Hong Kong during the past few years. The revenue from investment and corporate advisory service is expected to increase from approximately HK$10.4 billion (approximately US$1.3 billion) in 2022 to approximately HK$15.7 billion (approximately US$2.0 billion) in 2026, at a CAGR of approximately 10.8% from 2022 to 2026, as a result of the continuous GDP growth of Hong Kong and the increasing wealth from many Asian countries especially China over the next few years.

Market drivers and opportunities of the financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong

(i)	Market connections with China

Hong Kong is the unique intersection connecting China’s capital market and global capital markets. It brings global liquidity to China’s capital market and offers investment opportunities for Chinese investors who are seeking for global diversification. To improve the development of capital markets in China and Hong Kong, Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect were launched in 2014 and 2016, respectively, which have been an important milestone of mutual access between capital markets between Hong Kong and China. Bond Connect was also launched in July 2017 and allowed overseas/Chinese investors to trade in each other’s bond markets through a market infrastructure linkage in Hong Kong, which enabled Hong Kong financial market to become the first choice for overseas and Chinese investors to proceed for their financial and wealth management and fund advisory service. As of December 2020, Bond Connect has attracted 75 out of the top 100 global asset management companies and 2,353 international investors from 34 jurisdictions.

In June 2020, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (the “HKMA”), the People’s Bank of China and the Monetary Authority of Macao jointly announced the launch of a two-way cross-boundary wealth management connect pilot scheme in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, which marked another important milestone for the China’s capital account liberalization after the Stock Connect and Bond Connect schemes and represented a major breakthrough in Hong Kong’s offshore RMB business development, and a significant step forwards to strengthen closer financial and business connections with China.

(ii)	Offshore RMB Center and fund-raising hub

Hong Kong has the world’s largest offshore RMB pool and functioned as a global hub for offshore RMB business. Since 2004, Hong Kong banks have been allowed to provide personal RMB business. With the introduction of the Pilot Scheme for Settlement of Cross-border Trade in Renminbi in 2009 and the expansion of the scheme in July 2010, a wide spectrum of RMB services is provided to corporate customers, including RMB certificate of deposits, RMB bonds and trade finance. Hong Kong plays an important role in the mainland’s external trade settlement, processing over 70% of the world’s RMB payment transactions, making Hong Kong the largest offshore RMB center globally. It allows businesses to take advantage of the diversity and liquidity of Hong Kong’s RMB market and facilitate business co-operation with Chinese companies. Being the key financial and capital market in Asia, Hong Kong’s financial institutions are well positioned to capture opportunities on capital raising and deal making in the region, especially with China’s Belt and Road Initiative (the “BRI”) and the development of the Greater Bay Area. Financing demand, including green financing and green bonds, will continue to increase as more and more infrastructure projects are commenced under the BRI. It is expected that Hong Kong will continue to play a prominent role in raising capital, particularly in IPOs, bond issuance and the private equity sector. The value of SFC-authorized RMB investment products increased from approximately RMB 70 billion on 31 March 2016 to approximately RMB204 billion on 31 March 2021. The total market capitalization of RMB-denominated SFC-authorized Exchange Traded Funds invested onshore through RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors, Stock Connect, Bond Connect and China Interbank Bond Market increased from approximately US$4,726 million on 31 March 2016 to approximately US$8,325 million on 31 March 2021.

(iii)

Increasing investing demand from financial and wealth management activities

The increasing number of new listings on the Hong Kong stock market and other fund-raising activities has created more demands for the investment and corporate financial advisory services and placing and underwriting services in Hong Kong. After decades of development, the Hong Kong capital market has a mature system of market operation rules and allows the use of the diversified financial instruments in M&A and other financing activities to be conducted conveniently. In order to become more desirable for emerging and innovative enterprises, Hong Kong’s listing platform have been transformed and the new listing regime was launched on 30 April 2018, when the HKEx added three new chapters to the Main Board Listing Rules and made consequent changes to the current Rules. These include providing the listing of “new economy” companies with weighted voting rights structures and the introduction of pre-revenue biotechnology companies. The listing reform allows Hong Kong to capitalize on the opportunities of emerging technology companies and accelerate the development of the new economy sector. In the longer term, it will help to inject new knowledge on emerging and innovative businesses into the investor community, including business models and technologies. In 2020, 51 New Economy companies went public in Hong Kong, accounting for more than 60% of total fundraising during the year. In the same year, 23 healthcare companies completed their IPOs in Hong Kong, raising a total of HK$98 billion, including 14 pre-revenue companies which together raised a total of HK$40 billion. In January 2022, the HKEx announced new rules to create a listing regime for special purpose acquisition companies (the “SPACs”) and is fully focused on making Hong Kong’s markets internationally attractive, competitive and diversified, in order to continue to build Hong Kong’s reputation as the region’s premier capital-raising market, reinforcing its global role as a world-leading international financial center. Accordingly, the financial activities in Hong Kong (including placing and underwriting services and the investment and corporate financial advisory services) are expected to continue to be active compared to the other jurisdictions which are not open and transparent as Hong Kong. In addition, with the steady economic growth and the rapid growth of high-net-worth individuals (the number of which in Hong Kong and China rapidly increased from approximately 148,000 and approximately 1,129,000 in 2016 to approximately 206,000 and approximately 1,633,000 in 2021, and are expected to reach approximately 324,000 and approximately 2,820,000 by 2026, respectively), family offices and private and listed corporations in Hong Kong, it causes the surging demand for the investment and corporate finance advisory services and asset management and fund advisory services, contributing to the growth of the securities dealing and brokerage services in Hong Kong.

(iv)	Increasing focus on ultra-high net worth customer bases

The steady economic growth and rising level of household income are driving the wealth accumulation of Hong Kong and mainland China residents. The numbers of ultra-high net worth individuals (individuals who have a net worth of over US$30 million) in Hong Kong and mainland China also rapidly increased from approximately 3,200 and approximately 37,500 in 2016, respectively, to approximately 6,100 and approximately 93,900 in 2021, respectively, and are expected to reach approximately 7,600 and approximately 133,500 by 2026, respectively. There is an increasing trend of leading and large-scale financial and wealth management service providers shifting their business focus to ultra-high net worth customers from midmarket customers, which motivate these leading and large-scale players to enhance their service capability for expanding their ultra-high net worth customer bases, while provide an opportunity to other small to mid-scale market players to increase their market share and acquire high net worth customers in the mid-market segment in Hong Kong.

(v)	Diversified financial products and services

New financial products and financial instruments keep spring up in the financial and wealth management market of Hong Kong, including the equity securities, debt securities, different types of trusts, funds and structured products. In the upcoming years, there will be more options for investment fund vehicles to meet the greater demands for more diversified products and services of both local and international investors in the financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong.

Market challenges of the financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong

(i)	Hong Kong is challenged by the slowdown of the real economy

The trade war between China and the United States, the civil unrest, and the COVID-19 pandemic have introduced three external shocks to the Hong Kong economy. The COVID-19 pandemic has halted economic activity in major global economies. Tourism, hotels, aviation, catering, and retail industries have been greatly affected. The IMF’s forecasts for global, U.S., and euro zone economies are -3%, -5.9%, and -7.5% respectively, and will be lowered again. The highly outward-oriented Hong Kong economy is once again under threat from an economic recession with a range of -4% to -7% according to the government. The economic contraction may exceed the -5.9% recorded during the 1998 Asian financial crisis. The struggling real economy has affected the performance of financial markets to a certain extent. The China-US trade war and US extreme pressure may undermine the confidence of international investors in Hong Kong and bring new challenges to Hong Kong’s international financial center status. Since 2018, the deglobalization has led to the continuous deepening of China-US trade frictions, which has a huge impact on Hong Kong’s exports and re-exports. As the US and mainland China are Hong Kong’s two largest economic and trading partners, trade disputes between the two will inevitably affect business of related merchants. At the same time, the huge uncertainty caused by the trade friction has rattled global financial markets, eroded Hong Kong’s business and investment confidence, and brought more headwinds to the Hong Kong real economy. Hong Kong is driven by external demand and highly susceptible to global economic fluctuations since its return and as a representative of a highly open small economy. Also, structural problems such as rigidity of the industrial structure, externalization of the service industry, and the lack of independence in monetary policy exaggerate risks to the economy. Hong Kong experienced difficulties of economic transformation, civil unrest, and exacerbated external shocks, leading to weak economic momentum. The economic downturn and changes in the domestic and external environment pose new challenges to the development of Hong Kong.

(ii)	Shortage of talents

The competition for seeking and retaining investment managers, researchers, analysts, investment executives and other experienced professionals in financial and wealth management industry is significant. The experienced and professional personnel with board connections and network who are cultivated by long-term training and practice are scarce and mainly concentrated in the leading service providers of financial and wealth management industry in Hong Kong with attractive salary package. Hiring such experienced talents with board connection and network forms competitive advantages to compete with the leading financial and wealth management services providers as they can differentiate their products and services to their customers. In addition, due to the wider applications for FinTech which is expected to create higher demands for talents with expertise in FinTech in the coming years, the scarcity of such experienced talents with extensive networks will be an inevitable trend that the industry players will compete to hire talents from a limited pool in Hong Kong.

BUSINESS

Overview

Plutus Group provides financial services through our primary Hong Kong operating subsidiaries, Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management. Plutus Securities is licensed with the SFC to carry out Type 1 (dealing in securities) regulated activities and is an exchange participant of the HKEx and mainly offers (i) securities dealings and brokerage services; (ii) margin financing services; and (iii) underwriting and placing services. Plutus Asset Management is licensed with the SFC to carry out Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities in Hong Kong and mainly offers (i) asset management services and (ii) investment advisory services to our customers.

Plutus Securities

As a licensed Hong Kong securities broker, Plutus Securities provides a range of services, including:

Securities Dealing and Brokerage Services.

Plutus Securities provides securities dealing and brokerage services for trading in securities on the stock exchange in Hong Kong. Customers can conduct securities trading through the Internet, mobile application “Plutus Trader” (iOS and Android), and customer hotline. Plutus Securities utilizes a broker supplied system through an independent third-party platform authorized by The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited to provide online transaction services, customers can operate their accounts online quickly and reliably. Customers can also call our professional customer service team or agent to place the order directly.

Margin Financing Services.

Plutus Securities offers customers with high stock margin value and low interest rate for stock margin financing services, giving customers flexibility in cash flow and helping customers to grasp every investment opportunity.

Underwriting and Placing Services.

The team of Plutus Securities has deep knowledge and expertise in the small and midcap markets. Customers benefit from its team’s extensive experience in providing advice on the marketing, valuation, timing and structure of equity and debt offerings. The team of Plutus Securities offers underwriting and placing services for IPOs, equity placements and debt issuances, as well as marketing, distribution and pricing of lead-managed and co-managed offerings.

Representative transactions in this area include:

Equity Capital Markets

Equity Capital Market Projects	Date	Role	Commission and Fees
Milestone Builder Holdings Limited (stock code: 1667) – New shares placing	January 28, 2021	Placing Agent	HK$337,000
China Treasures New Materials Group Ltd (stock code: 2439) – New shares placing	March 10, 2023	Placing agent	HK$737,000

Debt Capital Markets

Debt Capital Market Projects	Date	Role	Commission and Fees
Yuzhou Group Holdings Company Limited (stock code: 1628) – Senior Note Issuance of US$217 million	7 Sep 2021	Placing Agent and Arranger	US$1,200,000
Yuzhou Group Holdings Company Limited (stock code: 1628) – Senior Note Issuance of US$250 million	22 Jun 2021	Placing Agent and Arranger	US$1,375,000
Yuzhou Group Holdings Company Limited (stock code: 1628) – Senior Note Issuance of US$267 million	17 Mar 2021	Placing Agent and Arranger	US$1,602,000
Chengdu Airport Xingcheng Investment Group Co., Ltd. – Senior Note Issuance of US$4.25 million	28 Apr 2022	Placing Agent and Arranger	US$177,500
Shaodong City Development Group Co., Ltd. – Senior Note Issuance of EUR$147 million	11 Aug 2022	Placing Agent and Arranger	EUR$300,000

Plutus Asset Management

As a licensed asset management firm, Plutus Asset Management has developed a professional and efficient research platform with a rigorous investment decision-making system. Our investment management team is composed of senior and capable professionals in helping our customers to maximize their potential returns. Our business lines include:

Asset Management Services.

●	External Discretionary Accounts.

Plutus Asset Management provides discretionary accounts services to manage external customer funds placed at Bank J. Safra Sarasin Ltd., Bank of Singapore, Nomura and others. We develop tailored investment strategies for customers based on their individual risk tolerance and investment preferences. Through our discretionary account services, we help customers invest in Hong Kong and U.S. equities, fixed income investments, private equity investments and other asset classes. Plutus Asset Management currently has approximately HK$127 million (approximately US$16 million) in external customer funds under management.

●	Investment Manager of Funds

Fixed Income and Mortgage-Backed Funds.

Our fixed income and mortgage-backed funds aim to generate fixed income returns and long-term capital growth for our investors. Our investment philosophy in this area is to protect and increase investors’ assets with mixed and customized investment strategies that are designed to provide attractive risk-adjusted returns and reduce risk. Our fixed income and mortgage-backed segregated portfolio funds under our Plutus Guardians Fund SPC include:

	○	Plutus Guardians ABS Fund 1 SP, serves as an opportunity for investors to access the Hong Kong mortgage market through mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities.

	○	Plutus Greater China High Yield Fund I SP, which invests principally in a portfolio of fixed rate debt securities, equity, exchange traded funds, financial instruments and debt obligations of corporate entities located throughout Asia. The segregated portfolio will also invest, either directly or through the use of financial derivative instruments, in fixed income debt securities that (i) have an investment grade or lower grade ratings (if issued by U.S. issuers) or (ii) are unrated or its equivalent (if issued by non-US issuers).

Hedge Funds.

The strategy used by Plutus Asset Management with respect to Syrius Alpha Fund is to adopt an absolute return approach, and therefore to allocate the assets of the fund among a wide range of markets, securities and derivative instruments. The specific investment strategy that the fund adopts may include investment in equity and debt securities, currencies, stock options, and other derivative instruments negotiated in various capital markets. This fund may also allocate its assets among private investment vehicles, loan investments, mutual funds or other accounts managed by portfolio managers who invest in a variety of financial markets.

Please see below the summary of the assets under management for the investment funds managed by Plutus Asset Management for the relevant periods:

As at

December 31, 2021

(US$ millions)

As at

December 31, 2022

(US$ millions)

As at

June 30,

2023

(US$ millions)

Plutus Guardians ABS Fund 1 SP

1.7

1.3

Plutus Greater China High Yield Fund I SP

1.7

7.4

Investment Advisory Services.

Plutus Asset Management provides investment advisory services for funds managed by other asset management companies and create investment thesis and research analysis reports for our customers.

The Company’s Revenue Model

Plutus Securities

Securities Dealing and Brokerage Services

Plutus Group provides its securities dealings and brokerage services through Plutus Securities. Plutus Securities offers securities dealing and brokerage services for trading in securities on the stock exchange of Hong Kong, such as scrip handling and settlement services, account maintenance services, nominee and corporate action services and related services. It maintains securities trading accounts with external brokers and is required to pay brokerage commissions and fees to them for orders it placed with them on behalf of the Company’s customers.

Plutus Securities charges its customers commission for executing trades in securities on the secondary market based on the transaction value of each completed trading order, normally at a rate from 0.08% to 0.25%, with an average of 0.16%, subject to a minimum fee ranging from HK$50 to HK$100. Such commission shall be determined on a case-by-case basis, taking into account transaction history, trading volume and amount, market commission rates and market condition, etc. Plutus Securities does not use a formulaic approach to determining commission rates, but instead makes a subjective business judgment with regard to each customer based on these factors. The specific commission rate for each customer is based on the subjective judgment of management at the time the account is opened as well as negotiations with customers.

For subscribing for securities on behalf of customers under an IPO offering, the Company does not charge its customers any commissions, but charges its customers a fixed handling fee of HK$100. The handling fee are subject to bulk purchase discount.

Securities brokerage commission income earned for executing and/or clearing trades for customers in individual equities is recognized and accrued on a trade-date basis.

Handling fee income earned from providing services such as settlement, subscription and dividend collection handling and is recognized and accrued on a trade-date basis.

Underwriting and Placing Services

Plutus Securities provides underwriting, sub-underwriting services in IPOs by acting as book runner, lead manager or underwriter in IPOs. It may also act as placing agent or sub-placing agent for secondary market fund raising exercises, such as debt issuance and equity issuance by listed companies. Usually, it will be a flat rate ranging from 0.55% to 15% of the fund-raising size.

The Company’s underwriting and placing commissions vary from case by case and are determined after arm’s length negotiations with each customer, with reference to the size of the fund raising, market rate, valuation of the offering, pricing, perceived market response and sentiment and bargaining power in the deal. The underwriting and placing commission received is calculated with reference to the fund-raising size and/or the aggregate offer price of the number of securities placed and/or underwritten by us.

Underwriting and placing commission income is recognized at a point in time when the transactions are executed and services are rendered.

Margin Financing

Plutus Securities offers margin financing to the Company’s customers by providing them with margin loans which are repayable on demand with the securities held under margin accounts maintained by us as collaterals. It also provides IPO financing to customers for subscription of shares under IPO.

The margin loans will be charged at an interest rate determined and reviewed by the Plutus Securities’ directors from time to time (at least once every month) which will be published in the statement of accounts to customers. For the IPO financing, the interest rates we charge on the outstanding loans to our customers for subscribing shares offered under the IPO was up to 4.5% per annum.

Interest income is recognized over the period that the margin loans are outstanding.

Plutus Asset Management

Asset Management Services

(iii)

Discretionary Accounts

Plutus Asset Management manages discretionary accounts for the Company’s customers, which it was appointed to manage their account on their behalf with discretion and we enter into an external asset management agreement with the designated external custodian of our customer, which are usually banks or other external licensed securities firms in Hong Kong. There will be a fixed management fee received by the Company from our customer which is calculated with reference to a fixed percentage of the sum of the market value of the securities and the outstanding balance of the customer’s account. Such fee, up to 2%, is determined by the Company with reference to the amount of funds in the discretionary account managed by the Company, relationship with the customer and the perceived trading volume in the account. Our customers retain the ownership of the funds in their discretionary accounts and reserves the ultimate right to terminate our appointment.

100

(iv)	Investment Manager for Funds

Plutus Asset Management provides asset management services by acting as investment manager for funds established by the Company or external parties. Depending on the investment fund structure, Plutus Asset Management generally enters into an investment management agreement with the funds to act as the investment manager or sub-investment manager, to invest and re-invest the assets of the fund in accordance with the fund’s investment strategy. In return for these services, the Company will receive a subscription fee up to 5%, a management fee up to 2%, and a performance fee/carried interest (depending on whether the fund is an open-ended or close-ended fund) up to 20%, which is determined by, the investment strategy of the fund, investment period, investment size and market rate. For funds established by Plutus Asset Management, it shall also take into account the relationship with the potential investors when fund-raising. For investment funds managed by us, we appoint external custodians, which are generally established banks in Hong Kong and we enter into custodian agreements with the external custodians, which they generally charge a custodian fee based on the asset size of the respective investment fund. Each investor of the funds retains the beneficial ownership and control over their shares/ partnership interests in the fund, however they shall not be involved in the day-to-day management of their shares.

Investment Advisory Services

Plutus Asset Management provides investment advisory services for professional investors and other funds not managed by it. The Company will charge its customers on an agreed-upon investment advisory fee, generally based on the value of assets under their portfolios. The investment advisory fee represents 2% of the value of the assets of the portfolios.

Operation Flow

Securities Brokerage and Dealings and Margin Financing

Each of our customers is required to open securities account (cash and/or margin account) with us before placing orders with us. Our sales team is responsible for collecting necessary identification documents and provide the customer with the account opening form and customer agreement. Upon completion of our “Know-Your-Client” procedure, due diligence and risk rating by our compliance department and approved by our responsible officers, then the customer may deposit their securities and funds into their account for trading and apply for margin financing.

The sales team at Plutus Securities is responsible for taking trading orders from customers through telephone (such orders will be recorded through our telephone recording system with the verification on customer’s identity by checking their account number and name) or in writing (trading instruction form must be signed by the customer). It also processes the placing of trading orders from its customers through the mobile application “Plutus Trader”. Its sales team will inform customers the status of orders, such as whether the orders can be fully executed. Information of the transactions input during the day will also be checked after the market closes. In respect of the online trading platform, the Company’s customers can access this system (via user domain) and place trading orders by themselves using two factors login authentication with the initial login password as well as a onetime password which is generated randomly by our system. When trading orders are input, the system will check if the customers have sufficient cash and/or securities in their accounts to proceed the settlement and to cover the corresponding transaction cost. The Company’s customers can trace the transaction status from the online trading platform on real time basis. Any trading errors will be reported to responsible officers immediately to determine the appropriate action. All trades executed through the broker supplied systems are downloaded to the system maintained by our settlement team after the market closes. The Company’s system will update customers’ cash balance and stock balance to the broker supplied systems for the next trade day according to the trades information downloaded.

The Company’s securities trading platform is provided by a third-party service provider, for which the current trading platform was originally designed to allow a selected number of licensed external brokers (“Participating Brokers”) to be linked to the securities trading platform to allow different external brokers to share resources and to utilize as an additional platform for executing orders. Customers of Plutus and other Participating Brokers have the option to select which Participating Broker with whom to execute trades. The commission charged to the end customer remains the same regardless of the Participating Broker chosen.

The user that executes orders via the securities trading platform must be existing customers of Plutus or of other Participating Brokers. Users that execute via the securities trading platform may be individual users or other brokerage firms. The Participating Broker with which the order has been placed by the user is responsible for performing the clearing and settlement duties and the custody duties remain with the Participating Broker with which the user’s securities account is opened. Such trades can be done on margin and the Company treats orders placed with it by external parties using the same process (including order fulfillment) as it does with its existing customers that have opened securities account with the Company. For trades executed by users from other Participating Brokers, the Company will charge a 0.03% brokerage commission based on the transaction value from the Participating Broker. This commission is paid out of the brokerage commission charged against the user by its own broker. The commission rate was fixed between the Participating Brokers when the securities trading platform was set up. For all trades where Plutus is selected as the broker to execute the trade, Plutus will fulfill the trade on its own and will not further choose another entity (other brokerage firm) to fulfil the order.

In those cases where an individual with a Plutus account and selects another brokerage firm for the fulfillment of their trade orders, the individual will pay Plutus the commission and Plutus will further pay that commission to the other brokerage firm who executed the order. The commission income received by Plutus and the commission income paid by Plutus are netted-off. If an individual Plutus customer selects another brokerage firm to execute their order, the other broker will similarly collect the commission on the trade and pay it to Plutus. The commissions are 0.03% of the transaction value as set by agreement among the participating brokerage firms.

Currently, the number of Participating Brokers that are linked to the securities trading platform has been decreasing and there are only two Participating Brokers left on the trading platform. The existing contract with the current service provider expires on May 31, 2023. The Company changed to a new independent service provider for its securities trading platform since May 31, 2023. The new trading platform service provider will not offer linkage to other external brokers and the new platform will only be utilized by the Company’s customers.

For customers that also apply for margin account, upon the opening of the securities accounts, we generally require customers to execute a margin agreement, an authorization form for the repledge of securities collateral and a letter of personal guarantee before commencing the approval process. If the customer has been approved for margin financing, we will request our customers for margin financing to pay for a portion of the total cost of the securities and the purchased securities would be treated as securities collateral. Such customers are also required to maintain cash and/or acceptable securities as collateral to secure their repayment obligations.

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We maintain a list of securities that we accept as collateral for the margin loans and the margin ratio for such collateral securities will also be displayed on a margin list which we maintain and update regularly, particularly for securities with higher price fluctuations. We currently only accept shares of listed companies on the stock exchange of Hong Kong as securities collateral for margin loans. We refer to a number of factors when establishing and updating the margin ratios on the margin list, such as the trading volume, trading frequency, historical price fluctuations, market volatility of the respective securities and the margin ratios of other financial institutions. We also take into account the years of relationship with the customer and assess the size and risk of the customer’s existing portfolio before approving the margin loan and determining the level of collateral required. Similar factors are also applied when setting out the initial margin limits for customers, such as the financial situation of the customer (supported by objective proof), obtain internal/external credit reference information on the customer, the quality of the collateral securities, the investment objectives, risk appetite and trading patterns of the customer and any other relevant known factors that may affect the customer’s financial status or default risk. After setting out the initial margin limits for the customers, Plutus Securities closely monitors the customer’s margin accounts and reviews its margin clients regularly (at least annually) and whenever there is a significant change of any of the determining factors when setting out its initial margin limits. The margin loans which are approved are repayable on demand with the securities held under margin accounts maintained by us as collateral.

Not all customers that have opened brokerage accounts with us, have also applied for margin accounts. As of December 31, 2021 and 2022, 83% and 74% of the customers that applied margin loans have margin loans outstanding.

The margin loans will be charged at an interest rate determined and reviewed by the Plutus Securities’ directors from time to time (at least once every month) which will be published in the statement of accounts to customers. The interest rates charged range from 8% to 20%, with reference to the credit risk, taking into account the collateral provided, the volatility of the market, and other factors. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, Plutus Securities financed its margin financing via its internal resources, and there are no financing costs or other related costs for its margin lending activities.

Plutus Securities also provides IPO loans to customers for subscriptions for shares offered under IPO. We take into consideration the overall market sentiment, the quality of the shares being listed (to be provided as collateral to secure the IPO loans) and investors’ reaction, when determining whether to provide IPO loans for subscription for shares offered under that IPO. Customers who apply for IPO loan must maintain a margin account with us and deposit an amount no less than 10% of the total subscription amount. We adopt similar approval, credit risk monitoring and margin call process for our IPO loan and margin financing.

If the customer is also a margin customer, our sales team will review the margin call report and notify the customer about the call amount if the value of the collateral is insufficient to meet the level of collateral set. The triggering level for making the margin call is when our customer’s outstanding loan balance is (i) greater that the credit limit offered or (ii) greater than 100% of the marginable value of the customer’s portfolio. If the margin call procedure is triggered, our sales team is required to request the customer to liquidate the portfolio to an acceptable level, pledging additional securities (which are on our acceptable list of securities) or deposit the shortfall to the customer account to meet the margin ratio on the same day. Generally, if the customer does not liquidate the portfolio to the acceptable level or deposit the shortfall within 24 hours (depending on the market situation, the Company may shorten the deadline) of the margin call, the Company reserves the right to liquidate the customer’s portfolio at our discretion and use the proceeds thereof towards the settlement the outstanding owed to us.

All margin loans are secured. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company has not written off any margin loans or IPO loans.

Underwriting and Placing Services

Our execution team will first liaise with the potential customers, which are listed companies and IPO listing applicants in Hong Kong, customer about proposed fund-raising size, terms and structure, pricing basis, target investors and timetable of the projects. The team will conduct a “Know-Your-Client” procedure before accepting engagement and conduct due diligence on the potential customer. Upon completion of the due diligence process, the potential deal will be subject to the approval of the Responsible Officers of Plutus Securities. Once approved, an underwriting agreement or placing agreement will be prepared and executed with the customer.

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Our execution team will, set the target price range with the issuers, determine target investor and placee mix, monitor the Securities and Futures (Financial Resources) Rules compliance and any market, credit and liquidity risks on an ongoing basis, review and execute the necessary documentations, liaise with other professional parties, enquire the independence of the investors, monitor dispatch of prospectus, refund checks and share certificates (in the case of underwriting). In the case of underwriting, our execution team will be also responsible for working with relevant parties to ensure fair and orderly allocation of shares from IPO. Throughout the underwriting and placing process, proper records are kept ensuring regulatory compliance throughout the entire process. For cases we are sub-underwriters or sub-placing agents, we go through the normal due diligence process and monitoring process on the listed companies and IPO listing applicants and we enter into a sub-underwriting agreement or sub-placement agreement with the lead underwriter or placing agent.

Discretionary Accounts

For potential customers that intends to authorize Plutus Securities to manage his/her account, the Company goes through the same customer account opening process as for its securities brokerage and dealing services/ margin financing services. Upon the satisfaction of the due diligence process and risk assessment by our compliance team, our execution team will enter into a discretionary investment management agreement with our customer setting out the scope of authorization and the investment objective, determined by the customer’s asset size, investment objective and result of our risk assessment.

Upon executing the discretionary investment management agreement, Plutus Securities enters into agreements with third-party banks/custodians to act as external asset manager with the customer’s authorization to manage their accounts with their third-party banks/custodians on their behalf. Plutus Securities’ execution team executes trades by placing orders directly with the third-party banks/custodians. Its responsible officers and investment team review and assess the approved pool of securities, allocation and concentration risks of the discretionary account with our execution team on a regular basis. Its compliance team monitors the trade executed and the security portfolio of the discretionary account on a daily basis to ensure that the investments fall within the investment objective and strategies of the customer.

Investment Manager for Funds

We enter into investment management agreement for the funds we manage, pursuant to which we will be authorized and responsible for its day-to-day investment activities, in order to achieve the investment objective. We have entered into investment management agreements with Plutus Guardians Fund SPC, for and on behalf of its two segregated portfolios, Plutus Guardians ABS Fund 1 SP and Plutus Greater China High Yield Fund I SP and Syrius Alpha Fund as at the date of this prospectus. Our funds team will liaise with the potential investor whom are private companies or high net worth individuals and upon completion of the “Know-Your-Client” procedure, shall enter into a subscription agreement with the respective fund.

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Investment Advisory

Our sales team will liaise with the potential customer and discuss the investment advisory scope and timeline. Once our customer confirms engagement, our compliance team will conduct a due diligence check on the customer and once approved by our Responsible Officer, our execution team will enter into an investment advisory agreement with our customer. Our investment team will carry out the investment research and provide the investment advisory service in accordance with the agreed terms.

Our Customers

Our customers mainly comprise listed companies and IPO listing applicants in Hong Kong, as well as private companies, high net worth individuals and retails individuals. The customers of Plutus Securities are mainly listed companies and IPO listing applicants in Hong Kong, private companies, high net worth individuals and retail individuals. The customers for Plutus Asset Management are mainly private companies and high net worth individuals. The following is a breakdown of the customer base:

Plutus Securities

Plutus Asset Management

For the years ended December 31,

Customer Category

2020

2021

2022

2020

2021

2022

Listed Companies and IPO Listing Applicants

4 customers (7%)

3 customers (4%)

3 customers (2%)

1 customer (12%)

1 customer (5%)

Private Companies

5 customers (8%)

8 customers (10%)

3 customers (2%)

1 customer (33%)

2 customers (25%)

3 customers (17%)

High net worth individuals

16 customers (27%)

14 customers (18%)

18 customers (13%)

2 customers (67%)

5 customers (67%)

14 customers (78%)

Retail individuals

34 customers (58%)

54 customers (68%)

112 customers (83%)

Total customers

59 customers (100%)

79 customers (100%)

136 customers (100%)

3 customers (100%)

8 customers (100%)

18 customers (100%)

Plutus Securities

Plutus Asset Management

For the six months ended June 30

Customer Category

2022

2023

2022

2023

Listed Companies and IPO Listing Applicants

1 customer

(5%)

Private Companies

4 customers (3%)

5 customers (4%)

3 customers (27%)

3 customers (16%)

High net worth individuals

15 customers (10%)

12 customers (9%)

8 customers (73%)

15 customers (79%)

Retail individuals

126 customers (87%)

115 customers (87%)

Total customers

145 customers (100%)

132 customers (100%)

11 customers (100%)

19 customers (100%)

Customer Concentration

For the six months ended June 30, 2023, one customer accounted for 26% of the Company’s total revenues. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, one customer accounted for 16% of our total revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2022, two customers accounted for 16% and 12% of the Company’s total revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2021, three customers accounted for 29%, 25% and 22% of our total revenues. No other customer accounts for more than 10% of the Company’s revenue for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022.

As of June 30, 2023, two customers accounted for 46% and 20% of the total balance of payables to customers. As of December 31, 2022, three customers accounted for 57%, 21% and 10% of the total balance of payables to customers. As of December 31, 2021, three customers accounted for 17%, 17% and 14% of the total balance of payables to customers. No other customer accounts for more than 10% of the Company’s payables to customers as of December 31, 2021 and 2022.

The following table sets forth a summary of single customers who represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue:

	For the year ended December 31, 2021		For the year ended December 31, 2022		For the six months ended June 30, 2023		For the six months ended June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Customer A		12,496		-		-		-
Customer B		10,725		-		-		-
Customer C		9,360		-		-		-
Customer D		-		2,391		-		-
Customer E		-		3,120		-		-
Customer P		-		-		1,385		-
Customer N		-		-		-		2,224

The revenue from all the customers sets forth above are generated from the underwriting and placing services provided by the Company. Due to the non-recurring nature of the underwriting and placing services, the customers who represented 10% more of the Company’s total revenue are different in each of the year.

Customer E is a subsidiary of Fund SPC, which is a related party to the Company. Apart from Customer E, none of the other customers set forth above is a related party to the Company.

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The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represented 10% or more of the Company’s loans to customers and receivables from customers:

As of

December 31, 2021

As of

December 31, 2022

As of

June 30,

2023

HKD’000

Customer F

9,255

8,652

7,898

Customer G

15,752

*Less than 10%

Customer F and G are customers who utilized the non-IPO margin loan and represented 10% or more of the Company’s loan to customers and receivables from customers as at December 31, 2021 and 2022 and June 30, 2023.

Customer F and G are not related to the Company.

The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represented 10% or more of the Company’s payables to customers:

	As of December 31, 2021		As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Customer H		1,309		*		-
Customer I		1,290		*		-
Customer J		1,110		*		-
Customer K		-		7,357		8,701
Customer L		-		3,612		*
Customer M		-		20,038		19,609

*Less than 10%

The Company’s payables to customers represent the corresponding payables of the Company of the amount of cash deposited by our customers. Upon the customers’ utilization of cash in their investment account, the Company’s payables to customers will be reduced accordingly.

Our customers tend to utilize their cash in their investment account for investing in securities rather than keeping cash in the investment account therefore, the customers represented 10% more of the Company’s payables to customers changed as at each year end date and period end date.

Furthermore, Customer M is a subsidiary of Fund SPC, which is a related party to the Company. Apart from Customer M, none of the other customers set forth above is a related party to the Company.

Marketing and Sales

The sales and marketing function of Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management is performed by our Directors. Our deals and projects generally originate from the networks of our Directors, referrals from existing customers or other professional parties and direct approaches by customers due to our market reputation or previous business relationships. Our Directors will attend investment seminars and industry events, and as guest speakers to increase our exposure and be able to reach out to new potential customers directly.

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Competition

The Company faces stiff competition from financial service providers in Hong Kong and worldwide, many of which may be significantly larger than us with access to exponentially greater resources. Major international financial institutions and banks that have a wide range of financial service such as wealth management, asset management and securities brokerage may also take advantage of their established resources and satisfy applicable regulatory requirements through acquisitions and organic development. Furthermore, the current competitors and new entrants may also seek to develop and offer service offerings, technologies or capabilities that could render some of the services that we offer obsolete or less competitive, and some of them may adopt more aggressive pricing policies or devote greater resources to marketing and promotional campaigns than we do.

Competitive Strengths

Wide range of financial services through an integrated platform

We are licensed by the SFC to carry out Type 1 (dealing in securities), Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities in Hong Kong. We offer a wide range of financial services through our integrated platform. We offer underwriting and placing services for subscriptions in IPOs and secondary offerings, such as rights issue, bond issues and private placings. We offer securities dealings and brokerage services and also investment advisory and asset management services. We have benefited from the business opportunities acting for the listed companies when they are or their shareholders or management procure or other financial services. We believe our different business lines has created a wide range of service coverage, which help us retain and attract customers and generate opportunities for each segment and in turn create diversified sources of revenue and maximize profit. We also believe our integrated platform help enhance our overall corporate image and reputation which is crucial for us to overcome emerging challenges in the market.

Strong customer base

We serve a diverse and solid base of customers. The majority of our customers are mainly listed companies in Hong Kong and also high net-worth individuals. Our corporate customers engage in a diverse spectrum of industry sectors including consumer products, food and beverage business, manufacturing, logistics, construction services, natural resources, financial services, property development and travel. Our high-net-worth customers have also maintained a relationship with our management for an average of over 10 years. A diversified and solid customer base will help mitigate the negative effect caused by fluctuations in market conditions.

Experienced management team and a well-qualified professional workforce

We are led by a team of experienced professionals who formulate investment strategies, monitor compliance and financial performance, and manage daily operations with an aim to provide quality services to our customers in a reliable, efficient and professional manner. In particular, both Mr. Ting Kin Cheung and Mr. Chun Lok Yeung, being Directors, each have over 15 years of experience in the financial services industry. With their expertise and knowledge, we believe that we will be able to respond and cope with the rapidly evolving and fluctuating market environment. Our professional staff have also an average of over 15 years of financial industry experience, with a portion of our workforce having worked for international financial institutions.

Effective risk management and internal control system

We have maintained effective risk management systems and internal control systems, enabling us to identify, evaluate, mitigate and manage credit, market and operational risks in our business. Our risk management structure, which encompasses our Directors, our compliance officer and responsible officer has established a risk management system which enable us to conduct real-time monitoring of potential risks. In addition, pursuant to our stringent risk management policies in place, we regularly perform sensitivity analysis and stress testing procedures for various risk across our business lines to assist us in optimizing our asset allocation and mitigating risks. Our compliance officer regularly reviews our internal control system to identify and rectify any internal control deficiencies in a timely manner to ensure the stable growth of business. Based on our internal control system, we follow a thorough review and approval process with respect to each customer and the launching of each project. We have not received any disciplinary actions against us since we have obtained our licenses from the SFC.

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The Company’s Strategies

The Company intends to pursue the following strategies to further expand its business:

Expand its customer network

While maintaining a loyal and diverse customer base is crucial for the Company to sustain its business in this competitive industry, attracting new customers is equally important for the Company to maintain growth. the Company intends to target high net worth customers by providing quality brokerage service, portfolio and wealth management services to manage their investment and wealth. It plans to expand its customer base by (i) enhancing the Company’s reputation through listing on NASDAQ; (ii) extending and enhancing our sales and marketing capabilities with new full-time hires focusing on business development, preferably with extensive experience in the industry; (iii) increasing its exposure by more active contact with professional parties and existing customers to strengthen business relationships; (iv) participating or sponsoring investment related events such as seminars and industry events; and (v) participating in charity events to promote our corporate image and enhance its sense of social responsibilities.

Strengthen our research capabilities

The Company plans to enhance its research capabilities to improve its asset management services and investment advisory services by continuously recruiting and employing talented analysts from different industry background and capital market exposure. It will expand the breadth and depth of research of listed companies in relevant key industries such as fintech sector, geographics and asset type (i.e. cryptocurrency) to increase its investment pool, creating quality research to our investment team and ultimately increasing our investment return of its asset under management. The Company believes that by creating strong returns for its customers, it can build a successful track record to attract more funds from its existing or potential customers.

Enhance our underwriting and placing business

Currently the Company’s underwriting business, securities brokerage and dealing, margin financing and asset management services share certain personnel and resources and is hindered by its limited human resources. In order to explore business opportunities and to care for and manage our underwriting business, the Company anticipates recruiting up to three (3) persons as licensed representatives, which will solely be responsible for the underwriting and placing projects. Plutus Securities has acted as one of the underwriting managers in relation to a listed bond issuance on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited in March 2022 with a principal amount of US$500 million and a placing agent in relation to a private bond issuance of the principal amount of US$28.5 million in April 2022. The additional licensed representatives will be part of the Company’s dedicated institutional sales team which will focus on sourcing new customers for our underwriting and placing business, which the Company believes can extend its reach to more potential customers and can help us build a solid customer foundation when the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic weakens and economic and market sentiment improves.

Develop our asset management business

Plutus Asset Management obtained licenses to conduct Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities under the SFO in January 2019. Plutus Group aims, through Plutus Asset Management, to develop its asset management business by diversifying the types of asset management schemes to satisfy different needs of its customers. Plutus Asset Management launched two segregated portfolio funds under Plutus Guardians Fund SPC to invest in fixed income and mortgage-backed securities and also managed a hedge fund with an absolute return approach strategy with a total asset under management of approximately HK$64 million (approximately US$8 million) as of the date of this prospectus. The Company intends to leverage on its relationships with institutional customers derived from its underwriting and placing business and plan to launch additional funds with new strategies, mainly focused on fixed income and mortgage-backed securities. The Company believes such strategies are in high demand among our customer base and will help us achieve a sound growth of the total size of the assets under its management, generating more asset management fees and performance-based incentive income so as to broaden our revenue source in the long run.

Employees

As of the date of this prospectus, the Company has a total of 9 full time and 1 part-time employees.

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The Company’s success depends on its ability to attract, motivate, train and retain qualified personnel. The Company believes it offers its employees competitive compensation packages and an environment that encourages self-development and, as a result, have generally been able to attract and retain qualified personnel and maintain a stable core management team.

The Company believes it maintains a good working relationship with its employees, and it has not experienced any material labor disputes. None of the Company’s employees is represented by a labor union.

Properties

The Company’s offices, which comprise the whole 8^th floor of No. 80 Gloucester Road in Wanchai, Hong Kong, are leased under the Tenancy Agreement with Sun Properties Company Limited date August 13, 2020. The current lease term runs for a period of two years and expires on November 15, 2022. The Company pays monthly rent is HK$ 120,000, with an additional month charge of HK$12,500 for air-conditioning and management services. The Company believes its current premises are adequate for its operations.

Intellectual Property

To date, the Company does not own any patents, copyrights, trademarks or domains.

Insurance

The Company’s Hong Kong operating subsidiaries maintain general casualty, business interruption, premises liability, employees’ compensation, and employee medical insurance. In addition, its licensed securities brokerage and asset management activities are insured against losses and liabilities through Lloyd’s. The Company believes its current insurance coverages are adequate.

Legal Proceedings

As of the date of this prospectus, the Company is not a party to, and it not aware of any threat of, any legal proceeding that, in the opinion of our management, is likely to have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or operations.

The Company may from time to time be subject to various legal or administrative claims and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Litigation or any other legal or administrative proceeding, regardless of the outcome, is likely to result in substantial cost and diversion of the Company’s resources, including its management’s time and attention.

Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis about Market Risk

Credit risk

Cash held on behalf of customers is segregated and deposited in financial institutions as required by the Securities and Futures Ordinance and the Uniform Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1). These financial institutions are of sound credit ratings; therefore management believes that there is no significant credit risk related to cash held on behalf of customers.

The securities activities of the Company are transacted on either a cash or margin basis. The Company’s credit risk is limited in that substantially all of the contracts entered into are settled directly at securities clearing houses.

In margin transactions, the Company extends credit to the customers, subject to various regulatory and internal margin requirements, collateralized by cash and securities in the customer’s account. IPO loans are exposed to credit risk from customers who fail to repay the loans upon IPO stock allotment. The Company monitors its customers’ collateral level and have the right to dispose the newly allotted stocks once the stocks start trading. Bridge loans to enterprise pledged by shares are exposed to credit risk from counterparties who fails to repay the loans. The Company monitors the collateral level of bridge loans in real time, and have the right to dispose of the pledged shares once the collateral level falls under the minimal level required to get the loans repaid.

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Liabilities to other brokers and dealers related to unsettled transactions are recorded at the amount for which the securities were purchased, and are paid upon receipt of the securities from other brokers or dealers.

In connection with its clearing activities, Plutus Securities is obligated to settle transactions with brokers and other financial institutions even if its customers fail to meet their obligations to the Company. Customers are required to complete their transactions by the settlement date, generally two business days after the trade date. If customers do not fulfill their contractual obligations, the Company may incur losses. The Company has established procedures to reduce this risk by generally requiring that customers deposit sufficient cash and/or securities into their account prior to placing an order.

Interest rate risk

Fluctuations in market interest rates may negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations. The Company is exposed to floating interest rate risk on cash deposit and floating rate borrowings. It uses net interest simulation modeling techniques to evaluate the effect that changes in interest rates might have on pre-tax income. The model includes all interest-sensitive assets and liabilities. The simulations involve assumptions that are inherently uncertain and, as a result, cannot precisely predict the impact that changes in interest rates will have on pre-tax income. Actual results may differ from simulated results due to differences in timing and frequency of rate changes, changes in market conditions and changes in management strategy that lead to changes in the mix of interest-sensitive assets and liabilities.

REGULATIONS

Regulations Relating to the Hong Kong Financial Services Market

Regulation of securities and futures market

The Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong (the “SFC”) is an independent statutory body which derives its investigation, remedial and disciplinary powers from the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “SFO”) and is responsible for regulating the securities and futures market in Hong Kong. The SFC works to strengthen and protect the integrity and soundness of Hong Kong’s securities and futures markets for the benefits of investors and the industry.

The SFC’s regulatory objectives as set out in the SFO are:

(a)

to maintain and promote the fairness, efficiency, competitiveness, transparency and orderliness of the securities and futures industry;

(b)

to promote understanding by the public of the operation and functioning of the securities and futures industry;

(c)

to provide protection for members of the public investing in or holding financial products;

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(d)

to minimise crime and misconduct in the securities and futures industry;

(e)

to reduce systemic risks in the securities and futures industry; and

(f)

to assist the Financial Secretary of Hong Kong in maintaining the financial stability of Hong Kong by taking appropriate steps in relation to the securities and futures industry.

Parties regulated by the SFC include (i) brokers, investment advisers, fund managers and intermediaries carrying out Type 1 to Type 10 regulated activities under the SFO; (ii) investment products; (iii) listed companies; (iv) The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“HKEx”); (v) automated trading service (ATS) providers; (vi) approved share registrars; (vii) Investor Compensation Company Limited (ICC); and (viii) market participants (including investors).

Licensing Regime

As the gatekeeper of standards for individuals and corporations seeking to enter the securities and futures markets of Hong Kong, the SFC:

(a) grants licences to those who are appropriately qualified and can demonstrate their fitness and properness to be licensed under the SFO;

(b) maintains a public register of licensed persons and registered institutions;

(c) monitors the on-going compliance of licensing requirements by licensees, substantial shareholders of licensed corporation and directors of licensed corporations and substantial shareholders; and

(d) initiates policies on licensing issues.

The SFC operates a system whereby they authorise corporations and individuals (through licences) to act as financial intermediaries. Under the SFO, a corporation which is not an authorised financial institution (as defined in Section 2(1) of the Banking Ordinance (Chapter 155 of the Laws of Hong Kong)) and is:

(a) carrying on a business in a regulated activity (or holding out as carrying on a regulated activity); or

(b) actively marketing, whether in Hong Kong or from a place outside Hong Kong, to the public any services it provides, which would constitute a regulated activity if provided in Hong Kong,

must be licensed by the SFC to carry out the regulated activities, unless one of the exemptions under the SFO applies.

Through licensing, the SFO regulates the financial intermediaries and individuals that are carrying out the following regulated activities:

Type 1: Dealing in securities

Type 2: Dealing in futures contracts

Type 3: Leveraged foreign exchange trading

Type 4: Advising on securities

Type 5: Advising on futures contracts

Type 6: Advising on corporate finance

Type 7: Providing automated trading services

Type 8: Securities margin financing

Type 9: Asset management

Type 10: Providing credit rating services

Type 11: Dealing in OTC derivative products or advising on OTC derivative products ^{(Note 1)}

Type 12: Providing customer clearing services for OTC derivative transactions ^{(Note 2)}

Notes:

	1.	Not yet in operation
	2.	Added pursuant to the Securities and Futures (Amendment) Ordinance 2014 (6 of 2014) that came into operation on September 1, 2016, in so far as it relates to paragraph (c) of the new definition of excluded services in Part 2 of Schedule 5 of the SFO.

Persons conducting business in such regulated activities are generally required to be licensed or registered with the SFC. The regulated activities that they are permitted to carry out are specified on their licences or certificates of registration.

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Types of Intermediaries regulated by the SFC

Licensed Corporation (as defined under Section 116 of the SFO)

For application as a licensed corporation, the company has to be incorporated and the licensed corporation has to satisfy the SFC that it has a proper business structure, good internal control systems and qualified personnel to ensure the proper management of risks that it will encounter in carrying on the proposed business as detailed in the business plan submitted to the SFC.

Detailed guidelines to meet the requirements and expectations of the SFC are contained in (a) the Guidelines on Competence published by the SFC pursuant to Section 399 of the SFO; (b) the SFC Code of Conduct; and (c) the Management, Supervision and Internal Control Guidelines for Persons Licensed by or Registered with the SFC published by the SFC pursuant to Section 399 of the SFO.

Responsible Officers (as defined under Section 126 of the SFO)

Each licensed corporation must have not less than two Responsible Officers to directly supervise the conduct of each regulated activity. For each regulated activity, it must have at least one Responsible Officer available at all times to supervise the business. The same individual may be appointed to be a Responsible Officer for more than one regulated activity provided that he is fit and proper to be so appointed and that there is no conflict in the roles assumed. At least one of the Responsible Officers must be an executive director as defined under the SFO. All executive directors must seek the SFC’s approval as Responsible Officers accredited to the licensed corporation.

A person who intends to apply to be a Responsible Officer must demonstrate that he fulfils the requirements on both competence and sufficient authority. An applicant should possess appropriate ability, skills, knowledge and experience to properly manage and supervise the corporation’s regulated activities. Accordingly, the applicant has to fulfil certain requirements on academic and industry qualification, industry experience, management experience and regulatory knowledge as stipulated by the SFC.

If a Responsible Officer intends to conduct regulated activities in relation to matters falling within the ambit of a particular code issued by the SFC, for instance, the Takeovers Code or the Code on Real Estate Investment Trusts, additional competence requirements specific to that field would apply.

Licensed Representative (as defined under Section 120(1) of the SFO)

An individual is required to be a Licensed Representative if he is performing a regulated function for his principal which is a licensed corporation in relation to a regulated activity carried on as a business or he holds out as performing such function.

A person who intends to apply to be a Licensed Representative must demonstrate his competence requirement under the SFO. An applicant has to establish that he has the requisite basic understanding of the market in which he is to work as well as the laws and regulatory requirements applicable to the industry. In assessing the applicant’s competence to be licensed as a Licensed Representative, the SFC will have regards to the applicant’s academic qualification, industry qualification and regulatory knowledge.

Registered Institution

It is an authorised financial institution that is registered to carry on one or more than one regulated activity under Section 119 of the SFO.

Fit and Proper Requirements

Persons applying for licences and registrations under the SFO, including the Licensed Representatives and the Responsible Officers, must satisfy and continue to satisfy after the grant of such licences that they are fit and proper persons to be so licensed or registered. The SFC shall refuse to grant a licence unless the applicant satisfies the SFC that, among others, it is a fit and proper person under Section 116(3) of the SFO.

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Pursuant to Section 129 of the SFO, in considering whether a person is fit and proper for the purposes of licensing or registration, the SFC shall, in addition to any other matter that the SFC may consider relevant, have regards to the following:

(a) the financial status or solvency;

(b) the educational or other qualifications or experience having regard to the nature of the functions to be performed;

(d) the reputation, character, reliability and financial integrity.

The above fit and proper criteria must be considered in respect of the person (if an individual), the corporation and any of its officers (if a corporation) or the institution, its directors, chief executive, managers and executive officers (if an authorised financial institution).

Further, Section 129(2) of the SFO empowers the SFC to take into consideration any of the following matters in considering whether a person is fit and proper:

(a) decisions made by such relevant authorities as stated in Section 129(2)(a) of the SFO or any other authority or regulatory organisation, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, in respect of that person;

(b) in the case of a corporation licensed under Section 116 or Section 117 of the SFO or registered under Section 119 of the SFO or an application for such licence or registration:

any information relating to any other person who will be acting for or on its behalf in relation to the regulated activity; and

ii.

whether the person has established effective internal control procedures and risk management systems to ensure its compliance with all applicable regulatory requirements under any of the relevant provisions;

(c) in the case of a corporation licensed under Section 116 or Section 117 of the SFO or an application for the licence, any information relating to any person who is or to be employed by, or associated with, the person for the purposes of the regulated activity; and

(d) the state of affairs of any other business which the person carries on or proposes to carry on

The SFC is obliged to refuse an application to be licensed if the applicant fails to satisfy the SFC that he is a fit and proper person to be licensed. The onus is on the applicant to make out a case that he is fit and proper to be licensed for the regulated activity.

Minimum capital requirements under the Securities and Futures (Financial Resources) Rules (“FRR”)

Depending on the type of regulated activity, licensed corporations have to maintain at all times paid-up share capital and liquid capital not less than the specified amounts according to the FRR. Under Section 145 of the SFO, the FRR sets out the computation of a number of variables in respect of all the liquid assets and ranking liabilities of a licensed corporation and its liquid assets must exceed its ranking liabilities. A licensed corporation shall at all times maintain liquid capital which is not less than its required liquid capital as stipulated in section 6 of the FRR. If a licensed corporation conducts more than one type of regulated activity, the minimum paid-up share capital and liquid capital that it must maintain shall be the higher or the highest amount required amongst those regulated activities.

A licensed corporation, no matter it provides securities margin financing or not, must monitor its liquid capital level continuously in order to satisfy the FRR requirements. If the demand for margin loan from customers increases, the licensed corporation would be required to maintain additional liquid capital. Advancing margin loan to customers would lead to an increase in the amount receivable from the margin customers but lower liquid capital, unless the customer deposit sufficient additional securities collaterals to the licensed corporation.

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Minimum paid-up share capital requirement

The table below summarizes the minimum paid-up share capital and liquid capital that a licensed corporation is required to maintain for Type 1 (dealing in securities), Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities:

Regulated activity	Minimum paid-up share capital		Minimum liquid capital
Type 1: Dealing in securities
(a) in the case where the corporation is an approved introducing agent or trader		-		HK$500,000
(b) in the case where the corporation provides securities margin financing		HK$10,000,000		HK$3,000,000
(c) in any other case		HK$5,000,000		HK$3,000,000

Type 4: Advising on securities
(a) in the case where the corporation is subject to the licensing condition that it shall not hold customer assets		-		HK$100,000
(b) in any other case		HK$5,000,000		HK$3,000,000

Type 9: Asset management
(a) in the case where the corporation is subject to the licensing condition that it shall not hold customer assets		-		HK$100,000
(b) in any other case		HK$5,000,000		HK$3,000,000

Pursuant to the FRR, where the licensed corporation is licensed to carry on two or more regulated activities, the respective required minimum paid-up share capital and minimum liquid capital to be maintained by the licensed corporation shall be the highest applicable amounts among the activities.

Further, pursuant to the FRR, liquid capital is the amount by which a licensed corporation’s liquid assets exceeds its ranking liabilities where (i) liquid assets are the amount of assets held by the licensed corporation, adjusted for such factors to take into account liquidity of certain assets as well as credit risks; and (ii) ranking liabilities are the sum of liabilities on the balance sheet of the licensed corporation (including, without limitation, any amounts payable by it in respect of any overdraft or loan, any accrued interest payable to any other person, accrued expenses, taxes and provisions for contingent liabilities), adjusted for such factors to take into account market risks and contingency. The method of calculating liquid assets and ranking liabilities is set out in Divisions 3 and 4 of the FRR respectively.

The FRR stipulates that a licensed corporation shall maintain minimum liquid capital at all times which shall be the higher of the amount of (a) and (b) below (as applicable to our Group):

(a) the amount of minimum liquid capital as set out in the table above; and

(b) its variable required liquid capital, meaning the basic amount which is 5% of the aggregate of:

the licensed corporation’s on-balance sheet liabilities including provisions made for liabilities already incurred or for contingent liabilities but excluding certain amounts stipulated in the definition of “adjusted liabilities” under the SFO;

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ii.

the aggregate of the initial margin requirements in respect of outstanding futures contracts and outstanding options contracts held by it on behalf of its customers; and

iii.

the aggregate of the amounts of margin required to be deposited in respect of outstanding futures contracts and outstanding options contracts held by it on behalf of its customers, to the extent that such contracts are not subject to the requirement of payment of initial margin requirement.

If the licensed corporation applies for more than one type of regulated activity, the minimum paid-up share capital and liquid capital that the corporation should maintain shall be the higher or the highest amount required amongst those regulated activities applied for.

Continuing Compliance Obligations

Remaining fit and proper

Licensed corporations, licensed persons and registered institutions must remain fit and proper at all times and comply with all applicable provisions of the SFO and its subsidiary legislation as well as the codes and guidelines issued by the SFC.

Submission of audited accounts

Licensed corporations and associated entities of intermediaries (except for those which are authorised financial institutions) are required to submit their audited accounts and other required documents within four months after the end of each financial year as required under Section 156(1) of the SFO.

Maintenance of insurance against specified risks

A licensed corporation must take out and maintain insurance against specific risks for specific amounts as a condition of their licenses in the manner prescribed by the Securities and Futures (Insurance) Rules (Chapter 571AI of the Laws of Hong Kong).

Stock Exchange Participants and CCASS Clearing Participants

Any broker-dealer that intends to operate a brokerage business for products available on the HKEx, using the trading facilities of the Stock Exchange, must be admitted and registered as a Stock Exchange Participant. A Stock Exchange Participant must also hold at least one trading right in the Stock Exchange. All new trading rights are issued by the Stock Exchange and are non-transferable. Further, a Stock Exchange Participant who trades on the Stock Exchange has the option to choose to become a CCASS Clearing Participant. Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited (“HKSCC”), may make available the services of Central Clearing and Settlement System (“CCASS”) to persons who meet and continue to meet the qualifications from time to time prescribed by HKSCC and who have been admitted as a CCASS Clearing Participant.

Laws and Regulations in Relation to Anti-Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing

Money laundering covers a wide range of activities and processes intended to mask the source of unlawfully obtained proceeds. Terrorist financing refers to financial transaction which includes the financing of terrorist acts, and of terrorist and terrorist organisations. It extends to any funds, whether from a legitimate or illegitimate source. The four main pieces of legislation in Hong Kong that are concerned with money laundering and terrorist financing are the Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing (Financial Institutions) Ordinance (Cap. 615 of the Laws of Hong Kong), the Drug Trafficking (Recovery of Proceeds) Ordinance (Cap. 405 of the Laws of Hong Kong), the Organised and Serious Crimes Ordinance (Cap. 455 of the Laws of Hong Kong) and the United Nations (Anti-Terrorism Measures) Ordinance (Cap. 575 of the Laws of Hong Kong). The SFC has also published the Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing Guidance Note (September 2009), which was superseded by (1) Prevention of Money Laundering & Terrorist Financing Guideline (April 2012); and (2) Guideline on Anti-Money Laundering and Counter Terrorist Financing (July 2012) which require licensed corporations to, among other things, adopt and enforce “Know Your Client” policies and procedures. In particular, the AMLO, which came into effect on 1 April 2012, imposes on financial institutions requirements regarding customer due diligence and record-keeping. It also provides regulatory authorities with the powers to supervise compliance with the requirements under the AMLO. Besides, the regulatory authorities are empowered to (a) ensure that proper safeguard exist to prevent contravention of specified provisions in the AMLO and (b) mitigate money laundering and terrorist financing risks. Staff of licensed corporations who knows, suspects or has reasonable grounds to believe that a customer might have engaged in money laundering activities must immediately report to the compliance division/senior management of its organisation which, in turn, will be reported to the Joint Financial Intelligence Unit.

Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited

Apart from the SFC, HKEx also plays a leading role in regulating companies seeking admission to the Hong Kong markets and supervising those companies once they are listed. HKEx is a recognised exchange controller under the SFO. It owns and operates the only stock and futures exchanges in Hong Kong, namely the Stock Exchange and the Futures Exchange, and their related clearing houses. The duty of HKEx is to ensure orderly and fair markets and that risks are managed prudently, consistent with the public interest and in particular, the interests of the investing public.

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In its role as the operator and frontline regulator of the central securities and derivatives marketplace in Hong Kong, HKEx regulates listed issuers; administers listing, trading and clearing rules; and provides services, primarily at the wholesale level, to customers of the exchanges and clearing houses, including issuers and intermediaries — investment banks or sponsors, securities and derivatives brokers, custodian banks and information vendors — who service the investors directly. These services comprise of trading, clearing and settlement, depository and nominee services, and information services.

Money Lenders Ordinance (Chapter 163 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“MLO”) and the Money Lenders Regulations (Chapter 163A of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“MLR”)

The MLO and the MLR contain provisions regulating and governing the conduct of money lenders and money-lending transactions in Hong Kong. A money lender is a person whose business (whether or not he carries on any other business) is that of making loans or who advertises or announces himself or holds himself out in any way as carrying on that business. The relevant provisions also provide, amongst other things:

(a) the appointment of the Registrar of Money Lenders and the licensing of persons carrying on business as money lenders; and

(b) the protection and relief against excessive interest rates and extortionate stipulations in respect of loans.

In general, and subject to certain exceptions, any person who carries on business as a money lender must apply for and maintain a licence issued by the licensing court under that ordinance. Any person who fails to comply with the above requirement commits an offence and is subject to a fine of HK$10,000.0 and to imprisonment for 6 months upon conviction. In the case any person is convicted of an offence under the MLO, the magistrate may order that such person shall be disqualified from holding a license under the MLO for a period not exceeding 5 years from the date of such conviction as may be specified in the order.

A Money Lenders Licence issued under the MLO is valid for 12 months. An application for or renewal of this licence is subject to any objection by the Commissioner of Police, who is empowered to carry out investigation in respect of such application or renewal including inspection of books and records provided by the applicant. The register of licensed money lenders is currently kept in the Companies Registry and available for inspection.

There are three principal authorities involved in the regulation of the money lender industry in Hong Kong, namely:

(a) the Licensing Court – comprising a magistrate sitting alone and responsible for determining the applications for and granting or renewal of Money Lenders Licences;

(b) the Registrar of Money Lenders – responsible for processing new and renewal applications for Money Lenders Licences, endorsements on Money Lenders Licences and maintaining a register of money lenders for inspection by members of the public. The Registrar of Companies presently perform the above functions of the Registrar of Money Lenders; and

(c) the Commissioner of Police – responsible for carrying out investigations in respect of applications for Money Lenders Licences, and enforcement of the MLO.

The MLO also provides protection against and relief against excessive interest rates under Section 24 of the MLO. Any person who lends or offers to lend money at an effective rate of interest which exceeds 60% per annum commits an offence, and is liable to a fine of HK$500,000.0 and to imprisonment for two years upon summary conviction or a fine of HK$5,000,000.0 and to imprisonment for 10 years upon conviction on indictment. The MLO also stipulates various mandatory documentary and procedural requirements that are required to be observed by a money lender in order to enforce in the courts of law a lending agreement or security being the subject of that ordinance.

Money Lenders Licence

The MLO prohibits a person from carrying on business as a money lender (i) without a Money Lenders Licence; (ii) at any premises other than that specified in the Money Lenders Licence; or (iii) otherwise than in accordance with the conditions of the Money Lenders Licence. Every Money Lenders Licence shall authorise the person or entity named therein to carry on business as a money lender for a period of 12 months from the day it is granted, or from the day immediately following the previous expiry date in the case of a renewed licence. A Money Lenders Licence is not generally transferable and a licensee may apply for the renewal of its licence within a period of three months prior to the expiration of its Money Lenders Licence.

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Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Chapter 486 of the Laws of Hong Kong)

The Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Chapter 486 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“PDPO”) imposes a statutory duty on data users to comply with the requirements of the six data protection principles (the “Data Protection Principles”) contained in Schedule 1 to the PDPO. The PDPO provides that a data user shall not do an act, or engage in a practice, that contravenes a Data Protection Principle unless the act or practice, as the case may be, is required or permitted under the PDPO. The six Data Protection Principles are:

●

Principle 1 — purpose and manner of collection of personal data;

●

Principle 2 — accuracy and duration of retention of personal data;

●

Principle 3 — use of personal data;

●

Principle 4 — security of personal data;

●

Principle 5 — information to be generally available; and

●

Principle 6 — access to personal data.

Non-compliance with a Data Protection Principle may lead to a complaint to the Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data (the “Privacy Commissioner”). The Privacy Commissioner may serve an enforcement notice to direct the data user to remedy the contravention and/ or instigate prosecution actions. A data user who contravenes an enforcement notice commits an offense which may lead to a fine and imprisonment.

The PDPO also gives data subjects certain rights, inter alia:

●

the right to be informed by a data user whether the data user holds personal data of which the individual is the data subject;

●

if the data user holds such data, to be supplied with a copy of such data; and

●

the right to request correction of any data they consider to be inaccurate.

The PDPO criminalizes, including but not limited to, the misuse or inappropriate use of personal data in direct marketing activities, non-compliance with a data access request and the unauthorized disclosure of personal data obtained without the relevant data user’s consent. An individual who suffers damage, including injured feelings, by reason of a contravention of the PDPO in relation to his or her personal data may seek compensation from the data user concerned.

Regulations Relating to Employment

Employment Ordinance (Chapter 57 of the Laws of Hong Kong)

The Employment Ordinance (Chapter 57 of the Laws of Hong Kong), or the EO, is an ordinance enacted for, amongst other things, the protection of the wages of employees and the regulation of the general conditions of employment and employment agencies. Under the EO, an employee is generally entitled to, amongst other things, notice of termination of his or her employment contract; payment in lieu of notice; maternity protection in the case of a pregnant employee; not less than one rest day in every period of seven days; severance payments or long service payments; sickness allowance; statutory holidays or alternative holidays; and paid annual leave of up to 14 days depending on the period of employment.

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Employees’ Compensation Ordinance (Chapter 282 of the Laws of Hong Kong)

The Employees’ Compensation Ordinance (Chapter 282 of the Laws of Hong Kong), or the ECO, is an ordinance enacted for the purpose of providing for the payment of compensation to employees injured in the course of employment. As stipulated by the ECO, no employer shall employ any employee in any employment unless there is in force in relation to such employee a policy of insurance issued by an insurer for an amount not less than the applicable amount specified in the Fourth Schedule of the ECO in respect of the liability of the employer. According to the Fourth Schedule of the ECO, the insured amount shall be not less than HKD100,000,000 per event if a company has no more than 200 employees. Any employer who contravenes this requirement commits a criminal offence and is liable on conviction to a fine and imprisonment. An employer who has taken out an insurance policy under the ECO is required to display a prescribed notice of insurance in a conspicuous place on each of its premises where any employee is employed.

Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance (Chapter 485 of the Laws of Hong Kong)

The Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance (Chapter 485 of the Laws of Hong Kong), or the MPFSO, is an ordinance enacted for the purposes of providing for the establishment of non-governmental mandatory provident fund schemes, or the MPF Schemes. The MPFSO requires every employer of an employee of 18 years of age or above but under 65 years of age to take all practical steps to ensure the employee becomes a member of a registered MPF Scheme. Subject to the minimum and maximum relevant income levels, it is mandatory for both employers and their employees to contribute 5% of the employee’s relevant income to the MPF Scheme. Any employer who contravenes this requirement commits a criminal offence and is liable on conviction to a fine and imprisonment. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company believes it has made all contributions required under the MPFSO.

Regulations Relating to Tax in Hong Kong

Inland Revenue Ordinance (Chapter 112 of the Laws of Hong Kong)

Under the Inland Revenue Ordinance (Chapter 112 of the Laws of Hong Kong), where an employer commences to employ in Hong Kong an individual who is or is likely to be chargeable to tax, or any married person, the employer shall give a written notice to the Commissioner of Inland Revenue not later than three months after the date of commencement of such employment. Where an employer ceases or is about to cease to employ in Hong Kong an individual who is or is likely to be chargeable to tax, or any married person, the employer shall give a written notice to the Commissioner of Inland Revenue not later than one month before such individual ceases to be employed in Hong Kong.

Tax on dividends

Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect of dividends paid by the Company.

Capital gains and profit tax

No tax is imposed in Hong Kong in respect of capital gains from the sale of shares. However, trading gains from the sale of shares by persons carrying on a trade, profession or business in Hong Kong, will be subject to Hong Kong profits tax, which is imposed at the rates of 8.25% on assessable profits up to HKD2,000,000 and 16.5% on any part of assessable profits over HKD2,000,000 on corporations from the year of assessment commencing on or after April 1, 2018. Certain categories of taxpayers (for example, financial institutions, insurance companies, and securities dealers) are likely to be regarded as deriving trading gains rather than capital gains unless these taxpayers can prove that the investment securities are held for long-term investment purposes.

Stamp Duty Ordinance (Chapter 117 of the Laws of Hong Kong)

Under the Stamp Duty Ordinance (Chapter 117 of the Laws of Hong Kong), the Hong Kong stamp duty currently charged at the ad valorem rate of 0.13% on the higher of the consideration for or the market value of the shares, will be payable by the purchaser on every purchase and by the seller on every sale of Hong Kong shares (in other words, a total of 0.26% is currently payable on a typical sale and purchase transaction of Hong Kong shares). In addition, a fixed duty of HKD5 is currently payable on any instrument of transfer of Hong Kong shares. Where one of the parties is a resident outside Hong Kong and does not pay the ad valorem duty due by it, the duty not paid will be assessed on the instrument of transfer (if any) and will be payable by the transferee. If no stamp duty is paid on or before the due date, a penalty of up to ten times the duty payable may be imposed.

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MANAGEMENT

Directors and Executive Officers

The following table sets forth information regarding our directors and executive officers as of the date of this prospectus.

Directors and Executive Officers	Age	Position/Title
Zhisheng Zhao	52	Chairman and Director
Ting Kin Cheung	40	Chief Executive Officer and Director
Chun Lok Yeung	35	Chief Financial Officer
Wing Cheung Yan*	57	Independent Director Nominee
Tin Shun Lui*	41	Independent Director Nominee
Wing Yan Lam*	35	Independent Director Nominee

*	This individual has indicated his consent to occupy such position upon closing of this offering.

The following is a brief biography of each of our executive officers and directors:

Zhisheng Zhao – Chairman and Director

Mr. Zhisheng Zhao, our Chairman and founder, is a merchant whose main business is developing and investing real estate and urban redevelopment in mainland China. Mr. Zhao has been a top manager, director and shareholder in several private companies in China for more than five years. These include Greenhome Holding Co., Ltd., a company with projects focusing on residential, commercialization development, operations and sales located in many areas in Guangdong Province; Shenzhen Zhengzhan Technology Investment Co., Ltd. (深圳正展科技投資有限公司) and Shenzhen Chuangrui Sike Technology Co., Ltd. (深圳創銳思科技有限公司), a high technology and electronic company focused on 3-D, VR and AR. Mr. Zhao entered the Hong Kong financial market when he founded Plutus group of companies in 2018. He has invested over HK$50 million as capital to develop Plutus Securities Limited, Plutus Asset Management Limited and their related companies. Mr. Zhao’s extensive business experience and connections are highly valuable to the recruitment of new customers and the development of our synergistic relationships for our brokerage services and asset management businesses.

Ting Kin Cheung – Chief Executive Officer and Director

Mr. Ting Kin Cheung, our CEO and director, has accumulated over 16 years of experience in finance, accounting, company secretary position, initial public offering, merger and acquisition, fund raising and debt restructuring. Mr. Cheung was previously the senior accountant of Ernst & Young from September 2006 to November 2009, the assistant vice president of TGX Capital Limited (a company engaged in private equity investment funds) from May 2010 to November 2011, a financial controller of Seige Communication Limited from December 2011 to October 2013 and CFO and company secretary of Richly Field Development Limited (stock code: 313), a company listed on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange, from October 2013 to March 2019.

Mr. Cheung has been the business development director of Plutus Securities Limited, a licensed corporation under the SFO to engage in Type 1 (dealing in securities) regulated activities, since January 2019 and Plutus Asset Management Limited, a licensed corporation under the SFO to engage in Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities, the director of Parkville Financial Limited, a company regulated under the Money Lenders Ordinance (Cap. 163 of the Laws of Hong Kong) since August 2019, Infinity Credits Co., Limited, a company regulated under the Money Lenders Ordinance (Cap. 163 of the Laws of Hong Kong) since November 2019, an independent non-executive director of B&D Strategic Holdings Limited (stock code: 1780), a company listed on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange, since April 2019 and the director of Guardians Asset Management Limited, a licensed corporation under the SFO to engage in Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities since March 2017.

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Mr. Cheung obtained a degree of Bachelor of Commerce Accounting and Finance from the Curtin University of Technology, Australia in January 2004 and a Master of Finance from the Australian National University in January 2005. Mr. Cheung is a Certified Public Accountant of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants and a member of the Certified Practising Accountant Australia.

Chun Lok Yeung – Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Chun Lok Yeung has been our Chief Financial Officer since March 2019. In that position, he is responsible for preparing book-keeping entries, financial analysis and forecasting, acting as settlement staff for funds and securities, performing stock reconciliations, verifying NAV reports, liaising with the SFC on the Securities and Futures (Financial Resources) Rules (Cap. 571N of the Laws of Hong Kong) in relation to Type 1 (dealing in securities), Type 4 (advising on securities), and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities queries, and other essential accounting and financial tasks. Prior to joining Plutus Group, from July 2018 to February 2019, he was the accountant of Global Group Securities Limited, a Hong Kong brokerage firm licensed to conduct Type 1 (dealing in securities) and Type 4 (advising on securities) regulated activities. From July 2016 to June 2018, Mr. Yeung was the Senior Finance Officer with Partners Capital Group Limited, a brokerage and asset management firm in Hong Kong and the British Virgin Islands. From July 2013 through June 2016, he was an account assistant of Tianda Pharmaceuticals Limited (stock code: 455), a company listed on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange. Mr. Yeung began his career as an accountant with Wong, Kwok, Tai & Co., a Hong Kong CPA firm. Mr. Yeung is a member of the Hong Kong Institute of Accredited Accounting Technicians and holds a Higher Diploma in Accountancy from the School of Business and Information Systems of Hong Kong.

Wing Cheung Yan – Independent Director Nominee

Mr. Wing Cheung Yan has over 30 years of experience with regard to auditing, corporate finance, financial management and corporate governance issues. Mr. Yan previously worked in companies listed in Hong Kong and the United Kingdom with various senior roles. Mr. Yan was finance director of DIT Group Ltd. (stock code: 726), a company listed on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange, from May 2018 to October 2019; and chief financial officer of Green Dragon Gas Limited (AIM: GDG), a company listed on the Alternative Investment Market of the London Stock Exchange, from May 2007 to May 2017; and executive director, group financial controller and company secretary of Chinese People Holdings Company Limited (stock code: 681), a company listed on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange, from July 2005 to April 2007. Prior to joining the commercial sector, Mr. Yan worked in renowned Big 4 international audit firms. Mr. Yan graduated from the Hong Kong Polytechnic with a Professional Diploma in Accountancy, and from the University of Bradford, United Kingdom, with a Master’s degree in Business Administration. Mr. Yan is a fellow member of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants and the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and an associate member of the Hong Kong Independent Non-Executive Director Association.

Tin Shun Lui – Independent Director Nominee

Mr. Tin Shun Lui has over 15 years of experience in finance and accounting. Mr. Lui started his career as an accountant in assurance and advisory business services with Ernst & Young, an international accounting firm from September 2004 to August 2007. Thereafter, Mr. Lui joined Guotai Junan Capital Limited, a company principally engaged in dealing in securities and advising on corporate finance, where he was responsible for handling corporate finance transactions from August 2007 to February 2009. From March 2009 to February 2012, Mr. Lui joined Biocarbon Capital Limited as Vice President, a boutique investment firm specializing in natural resources and entertainment, where Mr. Lui was responsible for investor relationship and business development. From February 2012 to July 2015, Mr. Lui was employed by Celestial Capital Limited, a company principally engaged in dealing in securities and advising on corporate finance, where Mr. Lui was served as the Senior Vice President responsible for business development and capital market activities. From August 2015 to August 2019, Mr. Lui joined South China Capital Limited, a company principally engaged in dealing in securities and advising on corporate finance, as a director and head of the equity capital market department. Since September 2019, Mr. Lui started Delight City Capital Limited, a boutique investment firm which focuses on special situation and overseas property investments, where Mr. Lui is responsible for principal investment, business development, and overall leadership of the company. Mr. Lui obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from the Queen’s University in Ontario, Canada in May 2004. Mr. Lui is a member of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants.

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Wing Yan Lam – Independent Director Nominee

Ms. Wing Yan Lam has over 10 years of experience in accounting, auditing, and financial reporting. From September 2011 through January 2014, Ms. Lam was a Senior Accountant with PKF Hong Kong, where she worked on audits of Hong Kong listed companies and U.S. listed companies which engaged in the manufacturing, trading and payment platform service sectors, as well as small and mid-size enterprises. From January 2014 to November 2014, she was a Senior Accountant at RSM Hong Kong, focusing on audits of companies engaged in the manufacturing sector. From November 2014 to November 2016, Ms. Lam was a Senior Accountant II at Ernst & Young Hong Kong, where she audited manufacturing and trading companies, led audit teams for field review, and evaluated and analyzed financial results, internal control designs, and financial reports. From December 2016 to November 2017, she was finance manager of Triangular Force Construction Engineering Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary company of State Innovation Holdings Limited (currently known as Beaver Group (Holding) Company Limited) (stock code: 8275), a company listed on GEM of the Stock Exchange, where she was responsible for the entire listing and interim reporting process. From January 2017 to July 2018, she served as financial manager for Perfect Ease Holdings Limited, where she was responsible for the listing and interim reporting process, advised on internal control systems, and prepared accounts and consolidated financial statements. From September 2018 to May 2021, she served as Chief Financial Officer of Wellfit Paper Products, where she was also responsible for the listing and interim reporting process, advising on internal control systems, and preparing accounts and consolidated financial statements. Since May 2021, she has served as Head of Advisory for Soar Harvest Consultants Limited, an advisory firm providing advisory services to customers in accounting, auditing, taxation, and internal control procedures. Ms. Lam received a BBA (Hons) in Accountancy with The Hong Kong Polytechnic University in July 2011 and is current pursuing a Master of Accountancy at The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Ms. Lam is a practising member of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants, a member of the Taxation Institute of Hong Kong, a member of Certified Practising Accountant Australia, and a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships among the directors and executive officers of the Company.

Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or executive officers has, during the past ten years, been involved in any legal proceedings described in subparagraph (f) of Item 401 of Regulation S-K.

Board of Directors

Our board of directors will consist of five directors upon the closing of this offering.

Duties of Directors

Under Cayman Islands law, all of our directors owe fiduciary duties to the Company, including a duty of loyalty, a duty to act honestly and a duty to act in what they consider in good faith to be in our best interests. Our directors must also exercise their powers only for a proper purpose. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the skill they actually possess and such care and diligence that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our memorandum and articles of association, as amended from time to time. The Company has the right to seek damages if a duty owed by any of our directors is breached. In limited exceptional circumstances, a shareholder may have the right to seek damages in our name if a duty owed by the Company’s directors is breached.

Terms of Directors and Executive Officers

The Company may by ordinary resolution appoint any person to be a director. Each of the directors holds office until such time as he is removed from office by the Company by ordinary resolution.

Each of the officer holds office until removed from the said office by the board of directors, whether or not a successor is appointed. Each officer may hold more than one office and no officer need to be a director or shareholder of the Company.

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Employment Agreements with Named Executive Officers

Our Chief Executive Officer, Ting Kin Cheung, currently serves under an Employment Agreement with Plutus Securities Limited dated January 1, 2019. Mr. Cheung’s annual salary under the current agreement is HK$1,440,000 (US$185,000) plus bonuses to be paid based on the Company’s financial performance. Insurance and partial housing cost reimbursement are also included. The agreement is terminable upon two months’ notice.

Our Chief Financial Officer, Chun Lok Yeung, currently serves under an Employment Agreement with Plutus Securities Limited dated March 4, 2019. Mr. Yeung’s salary under the current agreement is HK$29,000 (US$4,000) per month, plus bonuses to be paid based on the Company’s financial performance. Insurance is also included. The agreement is terminable upon two months’ notice.

Planned Employment Agreements

The Company plans to enter into employment agreements with its other senior executive officers.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

The Company’s board of directors will consist of five directors immediately upon the effectiveness of our registration statement on Form F-1, of which this prospectus is a part. A director is not required to hold any shares in our company to qualify to serve as a director. A director who is in any way, whether directly or indirectly, interested in a contract or transaction or proposed contract or transaction with our company is required to declare the nature of his interest at a meeting of our directors. A director may vote with respect to any contract or transaction or proposed contract or transaction notwithstanding that he may be interested therein, and if he does so his vote shall be counted and he may be counted in the quorum at any meeting of our directors at which any such contract or transaction is considered. Our directors may exercise all the powers of our company to borrow money, mortgage or charge its undertaking, property and uncalled capital and to issue debentures or other securities whenever money is borrowed or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of our company or of any third party.

Director Independence

The Company’s board has reviewed the independence of our directors, applying Nasdaq independence standards. Based on this review, the board determined that Wing Cheung Yan, Tin Shun Lui, and Wing Yan Lam will be “independent” within the meaning of the Nasdaq rules. In making this determination, our board considered the relationships that each of these non-employee director candidates has with us and all other facts and circumstances our board deemed relevant in determining their independence. As required under applicable Nasdaq rules, the Company anticipates that upon effective of this prospectus, its independent directors will meet on a regular basis as often as necessary to fulfill their responsibilities, including at least annually in executive session without the presence of non-independent directors and management.

Committees of the Board of Directors

The Company will establish three committees under the board of directors immediately upon the effectiveness of our registration statement on Form F-1, of which this prospectus is a part: an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a nominating and corporate governance committee. The Company plans to adopt a charter for each of the three committees. Each committee’s members and functions are described below.

Audit Committee. The Company’s audit committee will consist of Wing Cheung Yan, Tin Shun Lui, and Wing Yan Lam, and will be chaired by Wing Cheung Yan. Wing Cheung Yan, Tin Shun Lui, and Wing Yan Lam each satisfies the “independence” requirements of Rule 5605(c)(2) of the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market and meets the independence standards under Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. The Company has determined that Wing Cheung Yan qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert.” The audit committee will oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of the financial statements of our company. The audit committee will be responsible for, among other things:

●

selecting the independent registered public accounting firm and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted to be performed by the independent registered public accounting firm;

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reviewing with the independent registered public accounting firm any audit problems or difficulties and management’s response;

●

reviewing and approving all proposed related party transactions, as defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act;

●

discussing the annual audited financial statements with management and the independent registered public accounting firm;

●

reviewing major issues as to the adequacy of our internal controls and any special audit steps adopted in light of material control deficiencies;

●

annually reviewing and reassessing the adequacy of our audit committee charter;

●

meeting separately and periodically with management and the independent registered public accounting firm; and

●

reporting regularly to the board.

Compensation Committee. Our compensation committee will consist of Wing Cheung Yan, Tin Shun Lui, and Wing Yan Lam, and will be chaired by Wing Yan Lam. Wing Cheung Yan, Tin Shun Lui, and Wing Yan Lam each satisfies the “independence” requirements of Rule 5605(c)(2) of the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market. The compensation committee will assist the board in reviewing and approving the compensation structure, including all forms of compensation, relating to our directors and executive officers. Our chief executive officer may not be present at any committee meeting during which his compensation is deliberated upon. The compensation committee will be responsible for, among other things:

●

reviewing the total compensation package for our executive officers and making recommendations to the board with respect to it;

●

reviewing the compensation of our non-employee directors and making recommendations to the board with respect to it; and

●

periodically reviewing and approving any long-term incentive compensation or equity plans, programs or similar arrangements, annual bonuses, and employee pension and welfare benefit plans.

Nominating Committee. Our nominating committee will consist of Wing Cheung Yan, Tin Shun Lui, and Wing Yan Lam, and will be chaired by Tin Shun Lui. Wing Cheung Yan, Tin Shun Lui, and Wing Yan Lam each satisfies the “independence” requirements of Rule 5605(c)(2) of the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market. The nominating committee will assist the board in selecting individuals qualified to become our directors and in determining the composition of the board and its committees. The nominating committee will be responsible for, among other things:

●

recommending nominees to the board for election or re-election to the board, or for appointment to fill any vacancy on the board;

●

reviewing annually with the board the current composition of the board with regards to characteristics such as independence, age, skills, experience and availability of service to us;

●

selecting and recommending to the board the names of directors to serve as members of the audit committee and the compensation committee, as well as of the nominating committee itself; and

●

monitoring compliance with our code of business conduct and ethics, including reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of our procedures to ensure proper compliance.

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Duties of Directors

Under Cayman Islands law, the Company’s directors owe fiduciary duties to the Company, including a duty of loyalty, a duty to act honestly, and a duty to act in a manner they consider in good faith to be in our best interests. The Company’s directors must also exercise their powers only for a proper purpose. The Company’s directors also owe to our company a duty to act with skill and care. It was previously considered that a director need not exhibit in the performance of his duties a greater degree of skill than may reasonably be expected from a person of his knowledge and experience. However, English and Commonwealth courts have moved towards an objective standard with regard to the required skill and care and these authorities are likely to be followed in the Cayman Islands. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, the directors must ensure compliance with our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time. The Company has the right to seek damages if a duty owed by the directors is breached. In limited exceptional circumstances, a shareholder may have the right to seek damages in our name if a duty owed by our directors is breached. You should refer to “Description of Share Capital—Differences in Corporate Law” for additional information on our standard of corporate governance under Cayman Islands law.

Terms of Directors

The directors of the Company may be elected by a resolution of our board of directors, or by an ordinary resolution of our shareholders. The directors are not subject to a term of office and hold office until such time as they are removed from office by ordinary resolution of the shareholders. A director will cease to be a director if, among other things, the director (i) becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors; (ii) dies or is found by our company to be or becomes of unsound mind, (iii) resigns his office by notice in writing to the company, or (iv) without special leave of absence from our board, is absent from three consecutive board meetings and our directors resolve that his office be vacated.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

The board of directors of the Company has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that applies to the Company’s directors, officers and employees. A copy of this code is available on our website. The Company intends to disclose on its website any amendments to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and any waivers of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that apply to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, controller, or persons performing similar functions.

Corporate Governance

The Company is a “foreign private issuer,” as defined by the SEC. As a result, in accordance with the rules and regulations of Nasdaq, it may at its option comply with home country governance requirements and certain exemptions thereunder rather than complying with Nasdaq corporate governance standards. While the Company intends to voluntarily follow most Nasdaq corporate governance rules, including rules regarding committee structure and director independence, as described above, it may choose to take advantage of the following exemptions afforded to foreign private issuers:

●

Exemption from the requirement that a majority of our board of directors consists of independent directors.

●

Exemption from the requirement that our audit committee have a written charter addressing the audit committee’s responsibilities and authority as set forth in Nasdaq Rule 5605(c)(1).

●

Exemption from the requirement that our compensation committee have a written charter addressing the remuneration committee’s responsibilities and authority as set forth in Nasdaq Rule 5605(d).

●

Exemption from the requirement to have independent director oversight of director nominations and a formal written charter or board resolution addressing the nominations process as set forth in Nasdaq Rule 5605(e).

●

Exemption from the requirement that the Company has a code of conduct applicable to all directors, officers and employees and from any requirement that it has a code of conduct in compliance with Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

●

Exemption from the Nasdaq rules applicable to domestic issuers requiring disclosure within four business days of any determination to grant a waiver of the code of business conduct and ethics to directors and officers. Although the Company will require board approval of any such waiver, it may choose not to disclose the waiver in the manner set forth in the Nasdaq rules, as permitted by the foreign private issuer exemption.

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●

Exemption from the requirement to obtain shareholder approval for certain issuances of securities, including shareholder approval of stock option plans.

	●	Exemption from the requirements governing the review and oversight of all “related party transactions,” as defined in Item 7.B of Form 20-F.

	●	Exemption from the requirement that our board of directors shall have regularly scheduled meetings at which only independent directors are present as set forth in Nasdaq Rule 5605(b)(2).

Although the Company may rely on home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules in the Nasdaq Rule 5600 Series and Rule 5250(d), it must comply with Nasdaq’s Notification of Noncompliance requirement (Rule 5625), the Voting Rights requirement (Rule 5640) and have an audit committee that satisfies Rule 5605(c)(3), consisting of committee members that meet the independence requirements of Rule 5605(c)(2)(A)(ii). Although the Company currently intends to comply with most Nasdaq corporate governance rules, it may in the future decide to use the foreign private issuer exemption with respect to some or all the other Nasdaq corporate governance rules as described in the list above.

In addition, as a foreign private issuer, the Company expects to take advantage of the following exemptions from SEC reporting obligations:

●

Exemption from filing quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or provide current reports on Form 8-K, disclosing significant events within four days of their occurrence.

●

Exemption from Section 16 rules regarding sales of common shares by insiders, which will provide less data in this regard than shareholders of U.S. companies that are subject to the Exchange Act.

Accordingly, the Company’s shareholders will not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are mandatorily subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq and the domestic reporting requirements of the SEC. The Company may utilize these exemptions for as long as it continues to qualify as a foreign private issuer.

Interested Party Transactions

A director may vote, attend a board meeting or sign a document on our behalf with respect to any contract or transaction in which he or she is interested. A director must disclose the nature of his interest to all other directors at a meeting of the board after becoming aware of the fact that he or she is interested in a transaction the Company has entered into or are to enter into. A general notice given to the board by any director to the effect that he is a member of any specified company or firm and is to be regarded as interested in any contract which may thereafter be made with that company or firm shall be deemed a sufficient declaration of interest in regard to any contract so made.

Remuneration and Borrowing

The directors may receive such remuneration as the Company’s board of directors may determine from time to time. Each director is entitled to be repaid or prepaid for all traveling, hotel and incidental expenses reasonably incurred or expected to be incurred in attending meetings of our board of directors or committees of our board of directors or shareholder meetings or otherwise in connection with the discharge of his or her duties as a director. The compensation committee will assist the directors in reviewing and approving the compensation structure for the directors. Our board of directors may exercise all the powers of the company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge our undertakings, property, assets (present and future) and uncalled capital or any part thereof, to issue debentures, debenture stock and other securities whenever money is borrowed or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of the company or of any third party.

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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Set forth below is the compensation paid during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2023 for each of our executive officers and directors:

Name and Principal Position	Year	Salary (US$)⁽¹⁾		Bonus (US$)		Option Awards (US$)		All other Compensation (US$)		Total (US$)
Zhisheng Zhao, Chairman and Director	2020		-		-		-		-		-
	2021		-		-		-		-		-
	2022		-		-		-		-		-
	2023		-		-		-		-		-

Ting Kin Cheung, CEO and Executive Director ⁽¹⁾	2020		185,700		-		-		-		185,700
	2021		185,300		600		-		-		185,900
	2022		198,700		43,900		-		-		242,600
	Up to June 30, 2023		91,900		7,000		-		-		98,900

Chun Lok Yeung, Chief Financial Officer ⁽¹⁾	2020		38,700		-		-		-		38,700
	2021		40,700		600		-		-		41,300
	2022		48,000		-		-		-		48,000
	Up to June 30, 2023		22,000		-		-		-		22,000

Wing Cheung Yan, Independent Director Nominee	2020		-		-		-		-		-
	2021		-		-		-		-		-
	2022		-		-		-		-		-
	Up to June 30, 2023		-		-		-		-		-

Tin Shui Lui, Independent Director Nominee	2020		-		-		-		-		-
	2021		-		-		-		-		-
	2022		-		-		-		-		-
	Up to June 30, 2023		-		-		-		-		-

Wing Yan Lam, Independent Director Nominee	2020		-		-		-		-		-
	2021		-		-		-		-		-
	2022		-		-		-		-		-
	Up to June 30, 2023		-		-		-		-		-

(1)	Reflects compensation paid by Plutus Securities Limited.

Compensation of Directors

For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company did not make any compensation payments to our directors for their services as Directors. The remuneration shown in the table above reflects compensation for executive services.

Limitation on Liability and Other Indemnification Matters

The Companies Act does not limit the extent to which a company’s memorandum and articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our Memorandum and Articles of Association permit indemnification of officers and directors for losses, damages, costs and expenses incurred in their capacities as such unless such losses or damages arise from dishonesty of such directors or officers willful default of fraud.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, the Company has been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

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PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

The following table sets forth, as of the date of this prospectus, the beneficial ownership of the Company’s Ordinary Shares by each executive officer and director, by each person known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of its Ordinary Shares and by the executive officers and directors as a group. Except as otherwise indicated, all shares are owned directly and the percentage shown is based on 12,000,000 Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding, and 14,100,000 shares outstanding after the close of this offering (14,415,000 if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full).

	Ordinary Shares Beneficially Owned Prior to this Offering					Ordinary Shares Beneficially Owned After this Offering (Over-allotment option not exercised)					Ordinary Shares Beneficially Owned After this Offering (Over-allotment option fully exercised)
	Beneficially		Percent			Number		Percent			Number		Percent
Directors and Executive Officers ⁽¹⁾:
Zhisheng Zhao ⁽³⁾		5,676,000		47.30	%		5,676,000		40.26	%		5,676,000		37.58	%
Ting Kin Cheung ⁽⁴⁾		4,644,000		38.70	%		4,644,000		32.93	%		4,644,000		30.74	%
Chun Lok Yeung		-		-			-		-			-		-
Wing Cheung Yan ⁽²⁾		-		-			-		-			-		-
Tin Shun Lui ⁽²⁾		-		-			-		-			-		-
Wing Yan Lam ⁽²⁾		-		-			-		-			-		-
All directors and executive officers as a group (2 individuals):		10,320,000		86.00	%		10,320,000		73.19	%		10,320,000		71.59	%
Other ≥ 5% Beneficial Owners		-		-			-		-			-		-
Radiant Global Ventures Limited ⁽⁵⁾		5,676,000		47.30	%		5,676,000		40.26	%		5,676,000		39.38	%
Divine Star Ventures Limited ⁽⁶⁾		4,644,000		38.70	%		4,644,000		32.93	%		4,644,000		32.21	%

(1)	Except as otherwise indicated, the business address for our directors and executive officers is 8/F, 80 Gloucester Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong.
(2)	Each of Mr. Wing Cheung Yan, Mr. Tin Shun Lui and Ms. Wing Yan Lam will serve as our director upon the effectiveness of our registration statement on Form F-1 of which this prospectus is a part.
(3)	Mr. Zhisheng Zhao owns 100% of the issued shares of Radiant Global Ventures Limited, which owns 47.3% of the issued shares of Plutus Group. Mr. Zhisheng Zhao also owns 35.0% of Divine Star Ventures Limited, which owns 38.7% of the issued shares of Plutus Group.
(4)	Mr. Ting Kin Cheung owns 65.0% of Divine Star Ventures Limited, which owns 38.7% of the issued shares of Plutus Group.
(5)	Radiant Global Ventures Limited, a company incorporated in the BVI with limited liability, owns 47.3% of the issued shares of Plutus Group (40.3% after the offering).
(6)	Divine Star Ventures Limited, a company incorporated in the BVI with limited liability, owns 38.7% of the issued shares of Plutus Group (32.9% after the offering).

As used in this table, “beneficial ownership” means the sole or shared power to vote, or to direct the voting of, a security, or the sole or shared investment power with respect to a security (i.e., the power to dispose of, or to direct the disposition of, a security). In addition, for purposes of this table, a person is deemed, as of any date, to have “beneficial ownership” of any security that such person has the right to acquire within 60 days after such date.

The persons named above have full voting and investment power with respect to the shares indicated. Under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, a person (or group of persons) is deemed to be a “beneficial owner” of a security if he or she, directly or indirectly, has or shares the power to vote or to direct the voting of such security, or the power to dispose of or to direct the disposition of such security. Accordingly, more than one person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of the same security. A person is also deemed to be a beneficial owner of any security, which that person has the right to acquire within 60 days, such as options or warrants to purchase our Ordinary Shares.

Major Shareholders

Other than as set forth above, there are no beneficial owners of 5% or more of our voting securities. The company is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by another corporation(s) or by any foreign government. There are no arrangements, known to us, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of the company.

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Except as set forth below, during the preceding three financial years up to the date of this prospectus, there have been no transactions or loans between the Company and (a) enterprises that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, control or are controlled by, or are under common control with, the company; (b) associates; (c) individuals owning, directly or indirectly, an interest in the voting power of the company that gives them significant influence over the company, and close members of any such individual’s family; (d) key management personnel, that is, those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the company, including directors and senior management of companies and close members of such individuals’ families; and (e) enterprises in which a substantial interest in the voting power is owned, directly or indirectly, by any person described in (c) or (d) or over which such a person is able to exercise significant influence:

Private Placements

See “Description of Share Capital - History of Securities Issuances.”

Other Related Party Transactions

Nature of relationships with related parties

Name		Relationship
Mr. Zhao		Chairman and Executive Director of the Company
Mr. Ting Kin Cheung (“Mr. Cheung”)		Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director of the Company
Mr. Chin Hung Wong (“Mr. Wong”)*		Former Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management
Mr. Wie Hon Tan (“Mr. Tan”)		Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management
Aurum Hill Limited		Entity controlled by management of the Company
Plutus Guardians Fund SPC (“Fund SPC”) and its subsidiaries		Entity of which Plutus Asset Management holds management share

* Mr. Wong resigned as Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management in April 2022.

Balances with related parties

	As of December 31, 2021		Largest amount during the year ended December 31, 2021		As of December 31, 2022		Largest amount during the year ended December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023		Largest amount during the six months ended June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Loans to customers:
Mr. Cheung		6,080		8,778		2,441		6,080		2,751		6,080
Mr. Wong		956		1,000		-		956		-		-
Mr. Tan		156		156		-		156		-		-
Aurum Hill Limited		1,493		8,475		-		1,493		-		-

Receivables from customers:
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		-		-		2,002		3,120		1,079		2,002

Amounts due from related parties:
Mr. Zhao		29,749		29,887		6,322		29,749		6,339		6,339
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		649		649		889		889		950		950

Payable to customers:
Mr. Zhao		709		709		-		709		-		-
Mr. Cheung		21		1,621		24		24		19		24
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		-		-		20,038		20,038		19,609		19,672

Loans to customers

The loans to related parties as customers represent the margin loans made to related parties as customers. Each of the loans to Mr. Cheung, Mr. Wong, Mr. Tan and Aurum Hill Limited represents the margin loans to them, and each of the margin loans is secured with collaterals, interest-bearing at 8% per annum and repayable on demand.

Receivables from customers

The receivables from related parties as customers represents trade nature balances with the related parties. The receivables from Fund SPC and its subsidiaries represents the outstanding balance of the asset management fee receivables as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023. Fund SPC and its subsidiaries are related parties to the Group, as Plutus Asset Management holds the management share of Fund SPC.

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Amounts due from related parties

As of December 31, 2021, the amount due from Mr. Zhao was HK$29,749,000. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the amount due from Mr. Zhao decreased from HK$29,749,000 as of December 31, 2021 to HK$6,322,000 as of December 31, 2022. This was primarily due to the declaration of a special dividend of HK$24,451,000 during the year ended December 31, 2022, which offset the amount due from Mr. Zhao. The amount due from Mr. Zhao amounted to HK$6,339,000 as of June 30, 2023. The amount due from Mr. Zhao was non-trade in nature, unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand. We intend to settle the amount due from Mr. Zhao by cash payment before listing, and Mr. Zhao any of other officers and directors that have outstanding loans payable to us will pay the amounts due prior to the effectiveness of this Registration Statement.

Amounts due from related parties represent the non-trade nature balances with the related parties. The amounts are unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand. Fund SPC and its subsidiaries are related parties to the Group, as Plutus Asset Management holds the management share of Fund SPC. The amount due from Fund SPC and its subsidiaries mainly resulted from the operational expenses of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries as settled on behalf of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries by the Company, without any mark-up charged to Fund SPC and its subsidiaries.

The following table summarizes the significant related party transactions falling under ‘amounts due from related parties’ for the six months ended June 30, 2023, year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

Related Party	Nature	Description	For the six months ended June 30, 2023			For the year ended December 31, 2022			For the year ended December 31, 2021
			HK$’000			HK$’000			HK$’000
Mr. Zhao	Non-trade nature	The Company’s advance paid to Mr. Zhao		11,104			1,024			35,550
	Non-trade nature	Repayment from Mr. Zhao to the Company		(11,087	)		-			(5,000	)
	Non-trade nature	The Company declared special dividend to Mr. Zhao		-			(24,451	)		-
SPC and its subsidiaries	Non-trade nature	Rental expenses settled on behalf of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries by the Company		22			46			44
	Non-trade nature	BVI annual fee settled on behalf of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries by the Company		14			118			9
	Non-trade nature	Audit fee settled on behalf of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries by the Company		-			-			7
	Non-trade nature	Director registration fee settled on behalf of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries by the Company		14			65			39
	Non-trade nature	Application fee of money lending license settled on behalf of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries by the Company		11			11			-
	Non-trade nature	Repayment from Fund SPC and its subsidiaries to the Company		-			-			(171	)

Payables to customers

The payables to customers represent the deposit of cash from the related parties as customers to their investment accounts in our Company. Each of the payables to Mr. Zhao, Mr. Cheung and Fund SPC and its subsidiaries represents the deposit in their Plutus brokerage accounts, and each of the deposit balances in their Plutus brokerage accounts is unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.

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Transactions with related parties

	For the year ended December 31, 2021		For the year ended December 31, 2022		For the six months ended June 30, 2022		For the six months ended June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000

Asset management fee:
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		-		3,120		1,051		530

Interest income:
Mr. Cheung		321		449		306		137
Mr. Wong		39		13		13		-
Mr. Tan		5		2		2		-
Aurum Hill Limited		225		101		63		-

The asst management fee is generated from the provision of asset management services as investment manager. The asset management fee is charged on 2% of the net asset value of Fund SPC and its subsidiaries.

The interest income is generated from the loans to related parties as customers under the margin financing business of the Company.

Remuneration to senior management for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023 were:

	For the year ended December 31, 2021		For the year ended December 31, 2022		For the six months ended June 30, 2022		For the six months ended June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Salaries and other short term employee benefits		3,330		3,903		1,755		2,148
Payments to defined contribution pension schemes		53		39		31		36
		3,383		3,942		1,786		2,184

The remuneration shown above reflects payments for services rendered as senior management of our operating subsidiaries, and not compensation paid for service on the board of directors of Plutus Financial Group, Inc.

DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL

Plutus Group is a Cayman Islands exempted company incorporated with limited liability and its affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time, the Companies Act and the common law of the Cayman Islands.

As of the date of this prospectus, the Company’s authorized share capital is US$30,300 divided into: (i) 300,000,000 Ordinary Shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share; and (ii) 3,000,000 preference shares with a par value US$0.0001 per share (the “Preferred Shares”). As of the date of this prospectus, 12,000,000 Ordinary Shares are issued and outstanding and no preferred shares are issued and outstanding. All of the Company’s issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares are fully paid. Immediately upon the completion of this offering, there will be 14,100,000 Ordinary Shares outstanding, assuming the underwriter does not exercise the over-allotment option.

Our Memorandum and Articles

The following are summaries of material provisions of the Company’s memorandum and articles of association and of the Companies Act, insofar as they relate to the material terms of our Ordinary Shares.

Objects of the Company. Under the memorandum and articles of association, the objects of the Company are unrestricted and the Company has the full power and authority to carry out any object not prohibited by the law of the Cayman Islands.

Ordinary Shares. The Ordinary Shares are issued in registered form and are issued when registered in the Company’s register of members. The Company’s shareholders who are non-residents of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their shares.

Dividends. The holders of the Ordinary Shares are entitled to such dividends as may be declared by the Company’s board of directors. In addition, the Company’s shareholders may by ordinary resolution declare a final dividend, but no dividend may exceed the amount recommended by our directors. The Company’s articles of association provides that dividends may be declared and paid out of our profits, realized or unrealized, or from any reserve set aside from profits which our board of directors determine is no longer needed. Dividends may also be declared and paid out of share premium account or any other fund or account which can be authorized for this purpose subject to the restrictions of the Companies Act, provided that in no circumstances may the Company pay a dividend if this would result in the Company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business.

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Voting Rights. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the shareholders must be taken at a duly called and quorate annual or extraordinary general meeting of the shareholders entitled to vote on such action, or in lieu of a general meeting, be effected by a resolution in writing. On a show of hands each shareholder is entitled to one vote or, on a poll, each shareholder is entitled to one vote for each ordinary share, voting together as a single class, on all matters that require a shareholder’s vote. Voting at any shareholders’ meeting is by show of hands unless a poll is demanded. A poll may be demanded by the chairman of such meeting or one or more shareholders present in person or by proxy entitled to vote.

A quorum required for a meeting of shareholders consists of one or more shareholders present and holding not less than one-third in nominal value of the issued Shares. Shareholders may be present in person or by proxy or, if the shareholder is a legal entity, by its duly authorized representative. Shareholders’ meetings may be convened by our board of directors on its own initiative. Advance notice of at least 10 days is required for the convening of our annual general shareholders’ meeting and any other general shareholders’ meeting.

An ordinary resolution to be passed at a meeting by the shareholders requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes attaching to the Ordinary Shares cast at a meeting, while a special resolution requires the affirmative vote of no less than two-thirds of the votes cast attaching to the outstanding Ordinary Shares at a meeting. A special resolution will be required for important matters such as a change of name or making changes to our memorandum and articles of association.

Election of directors. Directors may be appointed by an ordinary resolution of our shareholder or by a resolution of the directors of the Company

Meetings of directors. At any meeting of directors, a quorum will be present if two directors are present, unless otherwise fixed by the directors. If there is a sole director, that director shall be a quorum. A person who holds office as an alternate director shall be counted in the quorum. A director who also acts as an alternate director shall be counted twice towards the quorum. An action that may be taken by the directors at a meeting may also be taken by a resolution of directors consented to in writing by all of the directors.

Transfer of Ordinary Shares. Any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her Ordinary Shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or any other form approved by our board of directors.

Our board of directors may, in its absolute discretion, decline to register any transfer of any ordinary share whether or not it is fully paid up without assigning any reason for doing so.

If our directors refuse to register a transfer they shall, within two months after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal.

The registration of transfers may be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as our board of directors may from time to time determine, provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended nor the register closed for more than 30 days in any year as our board may determine.

Liquidation. On a return of capital on winding up or otherwise (other than on conversion, redemption or purchase of shares), assets available for distribution among the holders of Ordinary Shares shall be distributed among the holders of our shares on a pro rata basis. If our assets available for distribution are insufficient to repay all of the paid-up capital, the assets will be distributed so that the losses are borne by our shareholders proportionately.

Calls on Shares and Forfeiture of Shares. The board of directors of the Company may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 days prior to the specified time and place of payment. The shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid are subject to forfeiture.

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Redemption of Shares. The Companies Act and our articles of association permit us to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire our own shares, subject to certain restrictions and requirements under the Companies Act, our memorandum and articles of association and any applicable requirements imposed from time to time by the Nasdaq, the Securities and Exchange Commission. In accordance with our articles of association and provided the necessary shareholders or board approval have been obtained, the Company may issue shares on terms that are subject to redemption, at our option or at the option of the holders of these shares, on such terms and in such manner, including out of capital, as may be determined by our board of directors. Under the Companies Act, the repurchase of any share may be paid out of our company’s profits, out of our share capital account or out of the proceeds of a fresh issue of shares made for the purpose of such repurchase, or, subject to certain conditions, out of capital. If the repurchase proceeds are paid out of the Company’s capital, the Company must, immediately following such payment, be able to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. In addition, under the Companies Act, no such share may be repurchased (1) unless it is fully paid up, (2) if such repurchase would result in there being no shares outstanding, and (3) unless the manner of purchase (if not so authorized under the memorandum and articles of association) has first been authorized by a resolution of our shareholders. In addition, under the Companies Act, our Company may accept the surrender of any fully paid share for no consideration unless, as a result of the surrender, the surrender would result in there being no shares outstanding (other than shares held as treasury shares).

Variations of Rights of Shares. The rights attached to any class or series of shares (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class or series), whether or not our company is being wound-up, may be varied with the consent in writing of the holders of two-thirds of the issued shares of that class or series or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of the class or series. The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class issued shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu with such existing class of shares.

Alteration of capital. The Company may from time to time by resolution of shareholders in the requisite majorities:

	●	increase its capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such amounts as the resolution shall prescribe;

	●	consolidate and divide all or any of its share capital into shares of larger amount than its existing shares;

	●	sub-divide its shares or any of them into our shares of smaller amount than is fixed by the Company’s memorandum of association;

	●	divide its shares into several classes and without prejudice to any special rights previously conferred on the holders of existing shares attach thereto respectively any preferential, deferred, qualified or special rights, privileges, conditions or such restrictions which in the absence of any such determination by the Company in general meeting; and

	●	cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person, and diminish the amount of our share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled.

Issuance of Additional Shares. The Company’s memorandum and articles of association authorizes its board of directors to issue additional Ordinary Shares from time to time as the board of directors shall determine, to the extent of available authorized but unissued shares.

Inspection of Books and Records. Save for the list of the names of our current directors (and, where applicable, our current alternate directors) being made available for inspection by the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands to any person upon payment of a fee by such person, holders of our Ordinary Shares will have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or the corporate records of the Company. However, the Company will provide our shareholders with annual audited financial statements. See “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

Preferred Shares

As at the date of this prospectus, the Company has not issued any Preferred Shares. Under the articles of association, before any Preferred Shares of any series are issued, the directors of the Company shall without limitation fix, by resolution of directors, the following provisions of such series:

	●	the number of shares constituting such series; and

	●	the dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges, voting powers, full or limited or no voting powers, liquidation preferences.

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Exempted Company

Plutus Group is an exempted company incorporated with limited liability under the Companies Act. The Companies Act distinguishes between ordinary resident companies and exempted companies. Any company that is registered in the Cayman Islands but conducts business mainly outside of the Cayman Islands may apply to be registered as an exempted company. The requirements for an exempted company are essentially the same as for an ordinary company except that, for an exempted company that does not hold a license to carry on business in the Cayman Islands:

●

an exempted company does not have to file an annual return of its shareholders with the Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands;

●

an exempted company’s register of members is not required to be open to inspection;

	●	an exempted company does not have to hold an annual general meeting;

	●	an exempted company is prohibited from making any invitation to the public in the Cayman Islands to subscribe for any of its securities;

●

an exempted company may not issue negotiable or bearer shares;

●

an exempted company may obtain an undertaking against the imposition of any future taxation (such undertakings are usually given for 20 years in the first instance);

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●

an exempted company may register by way of continuation in another jurisdiction and be deregistered in the Cayman Islands;

●

an exempted company may register as an exempted limited duration company; and

●

an exempted company may register as a segregated portfolio company.

“Limited liability” means that the liability of each shareholder is limited to the amount unpaid by the shareholder on that shareholder’s shares of the company.

Upon the closing of this offering, the Company will be subject to reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act, as applicable to foreign private issuers. Except as otherwise disclosed in this prospectus, we currently intend to comply with the Nasdaq Capital Market rules in lieu of following home country practice after the closing of this offering.

Differences in Corporate Law

The Companies Act is derived, to a large extent, from the older Companies Acts of England but does not follow recent United Kingdom statutory enactments, and accordingly there are significant differences between the Companies Act and the current Companies Act of England. In addition, the Companies Act differs from laws applicable to United States corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of certain significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Act applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders.

Mergers and Similar Arrangements

The Companies Act permits mergers and consolidations between Cayman Islands companies and between Cayman Islands companies and non-Cayman Islands companies. For these purposes, (a) “merger” means the merging of two or more constituent companies and the vesting of their undertaking, property and liabilities in one of such companies as the surviving company and (b) a “consolidation” means the combination of two or more constituent companies into a combined company and the vesting of the undertaking, property and liabilities of such companies to the consolidated company. In order to effect such a merger or consolidation, the directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation, which must then be authorized by (a) a special resolution of the shareholders of each constituent company, and (b) such other authorization, if any, as may be specified in such constituent company’s articles of association. The written plan of merger or consolidation must be filed with the Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands together with a declaration as to the solvency of the consolidated or surviving company, a list of the assets and liabilities of each constituent company and an undertaking that a copy of the certificate of merger or consolidation will be given to the members and creditors of each constituent company and that notification of the merger or consolidation will be published in the Cayman Islands Gazette. Court approval is not required for a merger or consolidation which is effected in compliance with these statutory procedures.

A merger between a Cayman parent company and its Cayman subsidiary or subsidiaries does not require authorization by a resolution of shareholders. For this purpose, a subsidiary is a company of which at least 90% of the issued shares entitled to vote are owned by the parent company.

The consent of each holder of a fixed or floating security interest of a constituent company is required unless this requirement is waived by a court in the Cayman Islands.

Except in certain limited circumstances, a shareholder of a Cayman Islands constituent company who dissents from the merger or consolidation is entitled to payment of the fair value of his or her shares (which, if not agreed between the parties, will be determined by the Cayman Islands court) upon dissenting from a merger or consolidation, provided the dissenting shareholder complies strictly with the procedures set out in the Companies Act. The exercise of such dissenter rights will preclude the exercise by the dissenting shareholder of any other rights to which he or she might otherwise be entitled by virtue of holding shares, except for the right to seek relief on the grounds that the merger or consolidation is void or unlawful.

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Separate from the statutory provisions relating to mergers and consolidations, the Companies Act also contains statutory provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and amalgamation of companies by way of schemes of arrangement, provided that the arrangement is approved by (i) 75% in value of the shareholders or class of shareholders or (ii) a majority in number representing 75% in value of the creditors or class of creditors, in each case, depending on the circumstances, as are present at a meeting called for such purpose and thereafter sanctioned by the courts. The convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder has the right to express to the court the view that the transaction ought not to be approved, the court can be expected to approve the arrangement if it determines that:

●

the statutory provisions as to the required majority vote have been met;

●

the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question;

●

the arrangement is such that may be reasonably approved by an intelligent and honest man of that class acting in respect of his interest; and

●

the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some other provision of the Companies Act.

The Companies Act also contains a statutory power of compulsory acquisition which may facilitate the “squeeze out” of dissentient minority shareholders upon a tender offer. When a tender offer is made and accepted by holders of 90% of the shares affected within four months, the offeror may, within a two-month period commencing on the expiration of such four-month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer such shares to the offeror on the terms of the offer. An objection can be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands but this is unlikely to succeed in the case of an offer which has been so approved unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.

If an arrangement and reconstruction by way of scheme of arrangement is thus approved and sanctioned, or if a tender offer is made and accepted, in accordance with the foregoing statutory procedures, a dissenting shareholder would have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting shareholders of Delaware corporations, providing rights to receive payment in cash for the judicially determined value of the shares.

Shareholders’ Suits

In principle, the Company will normally be the proper plaintiff to sue for a wrong done to us as a company, and as a general rule a derivative action may not be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman Islands, the Cayman Islands court can be expected to apply and follow the common law principles (namely the rule in Foss v. Harbottle and the exceptions thereto, which limits the circumstances in which a shareholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of the company or a personal action to claim loss which is reflective of loss suffered by the company) which permit a minority shareholder to commence a class action against, or derivative actions in the name of, a company to challenge the following:

	●	a company acts or proposes to act illegally or ultra vires and is therefore incapable of ratification by the shareholder;

	●	an irregularity in the passing of a resolution which requires a qualified majority;

●

an act purporting to abridge or abolish the individual rights of a member; and

●

an act which constitutes a fraud on the minority where the wrongdoers are themselves in control of the company.

In the case of a company (not being a bank) having its share capital divided into shares, the Grand Court may, on the application of members holding not less than one fifth of the shares of the company in issue, appoint an inspector to examine the affairs of the company and to report thereon in such manner as the Grand Court shall direct.

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Indemnification of Directors and Executive Officers and Limitation of Liability

Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our memorandum and articles of association permit indemnification of our directors and officers for costs, charges, expenses, losses, or damages incurred in their capacities as such unless such losses or damages arise from dishonesty, willful default or fraud of such directors or officers. This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law for a Delaware corporation. In addition, the Company plans to enter into indemnification agreements with its directors and senior executive officers that will provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in its memorandum and articles of association.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to the Company’s directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, the Company has been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

Directors’ Fiduciary Duties

Under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He or she must not use his or her corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interests of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, a director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.

As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a director of a Cayman Islands company is in the position of a fiduciary with respect to the company and therefore he owes the following duties to the company - a duty to act in good faith in the best interests of the company, a duty not to make a personal profit based on his or her position as director (unless the company permits him to do so), a duty not to put himself in a position where the interests of the company conflict with his or her personal interest or his or her duty to a third party and a duty to exercise powers for the purpose for which such powers were intended. A director of a Cayman Islands company owes to the company a duty to act with skill and care. It was previously considered that a director need not exhibit in the performance of his or her duties a greater degree of skill than may reasonably be expected from a person of his or her knowledge and experience. However, English and Commonwealth courts have moved towards an objective standard with regard to the required skill and care and these authorities are likely to be followed in the Cayman Islands.

Shareholder Proposals

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. The Delaware General Corporation Law does not provide shareholders an express right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, but in keeping with common law, Delaware corporations generally afford shareholders an opportunity to make proposals and nominations provided that they comply with the notice provisions in the certificate of incorporation or bylaws. A special meeting may be called by the board of directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings.

Cayman Islands law provides shareholders with only limited rights to requisition a general meeting, and does not provide shareholders with any right to put any proposal before a general meeting. However, these rights may be provided in a company’s articles of association. Our memorandum and articles of association provide that, on the requisition of any shareholders who hold not less than 10 percent of the paid up voting share capital of the Company in respect to the matter for which the meeting is requested, our board of directors shall convene an extraordinary general meeting and put the resolutions so requisitioned to a vote at such meeting. However, our memorandum and articles of association do not provide our shareholders with any right to put any proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings not called by such shareholders. As an exempted Cayman Islands company, the Company is not obliged by law to call shareholders’ annual general meetings.

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Cumulative Voting

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a board of directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholder’s voting power with respect to electing such director. Cayman Islands law does not prohibit cumulative voting, but our articles of association do not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.

Removal of Directors

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our memorandum and articles of association, any of our directors may be removed by ordinary resolution of our shareholders.

Transactions with Interested Shareholders

The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware public corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its certificate of incorporation or bylaws that is approved by its shareholders, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an “interested shareholder” for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or a group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the target’s outstanding voting stock or who or which is an affiliate or associate of the corporation and owned 15% or more of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the target’s board of directors.

Cayman Islands law has no comparable statute. As a result, the Company cannot avail itself of the types of protections afforded by the Delaware business combination statute. However, although Cayman Islands law does not regulate transactions between a company and its significant shareholders, it does provide that such transactions must be entered into bona fide in the best interests of the company and for a proper corporate purpose and not with the effect of constituting a fraud on the minority shareholders.

Dissolution; Winding Up

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the board of directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the board of directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporation’s outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board. Under Cayman Islands law, a company may be wound up by either an order of the courts of the Cayman Islands or by a special resolution of its members or, if the company is unable to pay its debts as they fall due, by an ordinary resolution of its members. The court has authority to order winding up in a number of specified circumstances including where it is, in the opinion of the court, just and equitable to do so.

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Variation of Rights of Shares

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our memorandum and articles of association, if our share capital is divided into more than one class of shares, the rights attached to any such class may, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any class, only be materially adversely varied with the consent in writing of the holders of two-thirds of the issued shares of that class or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.

Amendment of Governing Documents

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation’s certificate of incorporation may be amended only if adopted and declared advisable by the board of directors and approved by a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote and the bylaws may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote and may, if so provided in the certificate of incorporation, also be amended by the board of directors. Under the Companies Act, our memorandum and articles of association may only be amended by special resolution of our shareholders.

Rights of Non-Resident or Foreign Shareholders

There are no limitations imposed by our memorandum and articles of association on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our shares. In addition, there are no provisions in our memorandum and articles of association governing the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.

Directors’ Power to Issue Shares

Under the Company’s memorandum and articles of association, our board of directors is empowered to issue or allot shares or grant options and warrants with or without preferred, deferred, qualified or other special rights or restrictions.

History of Securities Issuances

The following is a summary of the Company’s securities issuances since its incorporation:

Ordinary Shares

The Company is authorized to issue 300,000,000 Ordinary Shares of $0.0001 par value and 3,000,000 preferred shares of $0.0001 par value. As of July 15, 2022, 12,000,000 Ordinary Shares were issued and outstanding.

Option Grants

The Company has not granted any options to purchase its Ordinary Shares.

SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

Upon completion of this offering, 14,100,000 Ordinary Shares will be outstanding, assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option to purchase additional Ordinary Shares. All of the Ordinary Shares sold in this offering will be freely transferable by persons other than the Company’s “affiliates” without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act. Sales of substantial amounts of Ordinary Shares in the public market could adversely affect prevailing market prices of the Ordinary Shares. Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the Ordinary Shares. While the Company intends to list the Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market, it cannot assure you that a regular trading market will develop in the Ordinary Shares.

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Lock-Up Agreements

All of the Company’s directors, company officers, and holders of 10% or more of the Ordinary Shares have agreed with the underwriters not to, without the prior written consent of the representative, for a period of 6 months following the consummation of this offering, offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, grant any option to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, right or warrant to purchase, make any short sale, file a registration statement (other than a registration statement on Form S-8) with respect to, or otherwise dispose of (including entering into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequence of ownership interests) any Ordinary Shares or any securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, Ordinary Shares or any substantially similar securities (other than pursuant to employee stock option plans existing on, or upon the conversion or exchange of convertible or exchangeable securities outstanding as of the effective date of this prospectus).

The following list of shareholders are subject to the 6-month days lock-up:

Name

Divine Star Ventures Limited (beneficial owners are Zhisheng Zhao Ting Kin Cheung)

Radiant Global Ventures Limited (beneficial owner is Zhisheng Zhao)

Regulation S

Regulation S under the Securities Act provides an exemption from registration requirements in the United States for offers and sales of securities that occur outside the United States. Rule 903 of Regulation S provides the conditions to the exemption for a sale by an issuer, a distributor, their respective affiliates or anyone acting on their behalf, while Rule 904 of Regulation S provides the conditions to the exemption for a resale by persons other than those covered by Rule 903. In each case, any sale must be completed in an offshore transaction, as that term is defined in Regulation S, and no directed selling efforts, as that term is defined in Regulation S, may be made in the United States.

The Company is a foreign issuer as defined in Regulation S. As a foreign issuer, securities that the Company sells outside the United States pursuant to Regulation S are not considered to be restricted securities under the Securities Act, and are freely tradable without registration or restrictions under the Securities Act, unless the securities are held by our affiliates. Generally, subject to certain limitations, holders of our restricted shares who are not our affiliates or who are our affiliates solely by virtue of their status as an officer or director of us may, under Regulation S, resell their restricted shares in an “offshore transaction” if none of the seller, its affiliate nor any person acting on their behalf engages in directed selling efforts in the United States and, in the case of a sale of the restricted shares by an officer or director who is an affiliate of us solely by virtue of holding such position, no selling commission, fee or other remuneration is paid in connection with the offer or sale other than the usual and customary broker’s commission that would be received by a person executing such transaction as agent. Additional restrictions are applicable to a holder of the restricted shares who will be an affiliate of us other than by virtue of his or her status as an officer or director of us.

The Company is not claiming the potential exemption offered by Regulation S in connection with the offering of newly issued shares outside the United States and will register all of the newly issued shares under the Securities Act.

Rule 144

All of the Ordinary Shares outstanding prior to this offering are “restricted shares” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act and may be sold publicly in the United States only if they are subject to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements. Under Rule 144 as currently in effect, a person who has beneficially owned restricted shares for at least six months is generally entitled to sell the restricted securities without registration under the Securities Act beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to certain additional restrictions.

The Company’s affiliates are subject to additional restrictions under Rule 144. Our affiliates may only sell a number of restricted shares within any three-month period that does not exceed the greater of the following:

●

1% of the then outstanding Ordinary Shares, which will equal approximately Ordinary Shares immediately after this offering; or

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●

the average weekly trading volume of Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market, during the four calendar weeks preceding the date on which notice of the sale is filed with the SEC.

Affiliates who sell restricted securities under Rule 144 may not solicit orders or arrange for the solicitation of orders, and they are also subject to notice requirements and the availability of current public information about us.

Persons who are not affiliates of the Company are only subject to one of these additional restrictions, the requirement of the availability of current public information about the Company, and this additional restriction does not apply if they have beneficially owned restricted shares for more than one year.

Rule 701

In general, under Rule 701 of the Securities Act as currently in effect, each of the Company’s employees, consultants or advisors who purchases the Ordinary Shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock or option plan or other written agreement relating to compensation is eligible to resell such Ordinary Shares 90 days after the Company became a reporting company under the Exchange Act in reliance on Rule 144, but without compliance with some of the restrictions, including the holding period, contained in Rule 144.

Registration Rights

Upon completion of this offering, certain holders of the Ordinary Shares or their transferees will be entitled to request that the Company registers its shares under the Securities Act, following the expiration of the lock-up agreements described above. See “Description of Share Capital—Registration Rights.”

TAXATION

The following summary of material Cayman Islands, Hong Kong and U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in Ordinary Shares is based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this prospectus, all of which are subject to change. This summary does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in Ordinary Shares, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws.

Cayman Islands Taxation

The Cayman Islands currently levies no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains or appreciation and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty. There are no other taxes likely to be material to investors levied by the government of the Cayman Islands except for stamp duties which may be applicable on instruments executed in, or, after execution, brought within the jurisdiction of the Cayman Islands. The Cayman Islands is a party to a double tax treaty entered with the United Kingdom in 2010 but is otherwise is not party to any double tax treaties which are applicable to any payments made to or by the Company. There are no exchange control regulations or currency restrictions in the Cayman Islands.

Payments of dividends and capital in respect of Ordinary Shares will not be subject to taxation in the Cayman Islands and no withholding will be required under Cayman Islands laws on the payment of a dividend or capital to any holder of Ordinary Shares, nor will gains derived from the disposal of Ordinary Shares be subject to Cayman Islands income or corporation tax.

No stamp duty is payable in the Cayman Islands in respect of the issue of the Ordinary Shares or on an instrument of transfer in respect of the Ordinary Shares except those which hold interests in land in the Cayman Islands.

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Hong Kong Profits Taxation

The following summary of certain relevant taxation provisions under the laws of Hong Kong is based on current law and practice and is subject to changes therein. This summary does not purport to address all possible tax consequences relating to purchasing, holding or selling the Ordinary Shares, and does not take into account the specific circumstances of any particular investors, some of whom may be subject to special rules. Accordingly, holders or prospective purchasers (particularly those subject to special tax rules, such as banks, dealers, insurance companies and tax-exempt entities) should consult their own tax advisers regarding the tax consequences of purchasing, holding or selling the Ordinary Shares. Under the current laws of Hong Kong:

●

No profit tax is imposed in Hong Kong in respect of capital gains from the sale of the Ordinary Shares.

●

Revenues gains from the sale of the Ordinary Shares by persons carrying on a trade, profession or business in Hong Kong where the gains are derived from or arise in Hong Kong from the trade, profession or business will be chargeable to Hong Kong profits tax, which is currently imposed at the rate of 16.5% on corporations and at a maximum rate of 15% on individuals and unincorporated businesses.

●

Gains arising from the sale of Ordinary Shares, where the purchases and sales of the Ordinary Shares are effected outside of Hong Kong such as, for example, on Cayman Islands, should not be subject to Hong Kong profits tax.

According to the current tax practice of the Hong Kong Inland Revenue Department, dividends paid on the Ordinary Shares would not be subject to any Hong Kong tax.

No Hong Kong stamp duty is payable on the purchase and sale of the Ordinary Shares.

United States Federal Income Taxation Considerations

The following discussion is a summary of United States federal income tax considerations generally applicable to the ownership and disposition of the Ordinary Shares by a U.S. holder (as defined below) that acquires the Ordinary Shares in this offering and holds the Ordinary Shares as “capital assets” (generally, property held for investment) under the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). This discussion is based upon existing United States federal income tax law, which is subject to differing interpretations and may be changed, possibly with retroactive effect. No ruling has been sought from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) with respect to any United States federal income tax consequences described below, and there can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will not take a contrary position. This discussion does not address all aspects of United States federal income taxation that may be important to particular investors in light of their individual circumstances, including investors subject to special tax rules (for example, certain financial institutions, insurance companies, broker-dealers, traders in securities that have elected the mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities, partnerships and their partners, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, and tax-exempt organizations (including private foundations)), investors who are not U.S. holders, investors who own (directly, indirectly, or constructively) 10% or more of the Company’s stock (by vote or value), investors that will hold their Ordinary Shares as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion, constructive sale, or other integrated transaction for United States federal income tax purposes, investors required to accelerate the recognition of any item of gross income with respect to the Ordinary Shares as a result of such income being recognized on an applicable financial statement, or investors that have a functional currency other than the United States dollar, all of whom may be subject to tax rules that differ significantly from those summarized below. In addition, this discussion does not discuss any non-United States, alternative minimum tax, state, or local tax or any non-income tax (such as the U.S. federal gift or estate tax) considerations, or the Medicare tax on net investment income. Each U.S. holder is urged to consult its tax advisor regarding the United States federal, state, local, and non-United States income and other tax considerations of an investment in the Ordinary Shares.

General

For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of the Ordinary Shares that is, for United States federal income tax purposes, (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes) created in, or organized under the laws of, the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia, (iii) an estate the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust (A) the administration of which is subject to the primary supervision of a United States court and which has one or more United States persons who have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (B) that has otherwise elected to be treated as a United States person under the Code or applicable United States Treasury regulations.

If a partnership (or other entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of the Ordinary Shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partnerships holding the Ordinary Shares and partners in such partnerships are urged to consult their tax advisors as to the particular United States federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Ordinary Shares.

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Sale or Other Disposition of Ordinary Shares

Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, a U.S. holder will generally recognize capital gain or loss upon the sale or other disposition of Ordinary Shares in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized upon the disposition and the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in such Ordinary Shares. Any capital gain or loss will be long-term if the Ordinary Shares have been held for more than one year and will generally be United States source gain or loss for United States foreign tax credit purposes. Long-term capital gain of individuals and other non-corporate U.S. holders is generally eligible for a reduced rate of taxation. The deductibility of a capital loss may be subject to limitations.

In the event that the Company is treated as a PRC “resident enterprise” under the Enterprise Income Tax Law and gain from the disposition of the Ordinary Shares is subject to tax in the PRC, a U.S. holder that is eligible for the benefits of the income tax treaty between the United States and the PRC may elect to treat the gain as PRC source income. If a U.S. holder is not eligible for the benefits of the income tax treaty or fails to make the election to treat any gain as foreign source, then such U.S. holder may not be able to use the foreign tax credit arising from any PRC tax imposed on the disposition of the Ordinary Shares unless such credit can be applied (subject to applicable limitations) against U.S. federal income tax due on other income derived from foreign sources in the same income category (generally, the passive category). U.S. holders are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences if a foreign tax is imposed on a disposition of the Ordinary Shares, including the availability of the foreign tax credit under their particular circumstances and the election to treat any gain as PRC source.

Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules

If the Company is a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. holder holds the Ordinary Shares, and unless the U.S. holder makes a mark-to-market election (as described below), the U.S. holder will generally be subject to special tax rules that have a penalizing effect, regardless of whether the Company remains a PFIC, for subsequent taxable years, on (i) any excess distribution that we make to the U.S. holder (which generally means any distribution paid during a taxable year to a U.S. holder that is greater than 125% of the average annual distributions paid in the three preceding taxable years or, if shorter, the U.S. holder’s holding period for the Ordinary Shares), and (ii) any gain realized on the sale or other disposition, including, under certain circumstances, a pledge, of Ordinary Shares. Under the PFIC rules:

●

such excess distribution and/or gain will be allocated ratably over the U.S. holder’s holding period for the Ordinary Shares;

●

such amount allocated to the current taxable year and any taxable years in the U.S. holder’s holding period prior to the first taxable year in which the Company is a PFIC, or pre-PFIC year, will be taxable as ordinary income;

●

such amount allocated to each prior taxable year, other than a pre-PFIC year, will be subject to tax at the highest tax rate in effect for that year; and

●

an interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the tax attributable to each prior taxable year, other than a pre-PFIC year.

If the Company is a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. holder holds the Ordinary Shares and any of the Company’s non-United States subsidiaries is also a PFIC, such U.S. holder would be treated as owning a proportionate amount (by value) of the shares of the lower-tier PFIC for purposes of the application of these rules. U.S. holders are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to any of the Company’s subsidiaries.

As an alternative to the foregoing rules, a U.S. holder of “marketable stock” in a PFIC may make a mark-to-market election with respect to Ordinary Shares, provided that the Ordinary Shares are regularly traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market.

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Because a mark-to-market election cannot be made for any lower-tier PFICs that a PFIC may own, a U.S. holder who makes a mark-to-market election with respect to Ordinary Shares will generally continue to be subject to the general PFIC rules with respect to such U.S. holder’s indirect interest in any investments held by us that are treated as an equity interest in a PFIC for United States federal income tax purposes. If a mark-to-market election is made, the U.S. holder will generally (i) include as ordinary income for each taxable year that the Company is a PFIC the excess, if any, of the fair market value of Ordinary Shares held at the end of the taxable year over the adjusted tax basis of such Ordinary Shares and (ii) deduct as an ordinary loss the excess, if any, of the adjusted tax basis of the Ordinary Shares over the fair market value of such Ordinary Shares held at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. The U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the Ordinary Shares would be adjusted to reflect any income or loss resulting from the mark-to-market election. If a U.S. holder makes an effective mark-to-market election, in each year that the Company is a PFIC any gain recognized upon the sale or other disposition of the Ordinary Shares will be treated as ordinary income and loss will be treated as ordinary loss, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. If a U.S. holder makes a mark-to-market election it will be effective for the taxable year for which the election is made and all subsequent taxable years unless the Ordinary Shares are no longer regularly traded on a qualified exchange or the IRS consents to the revocation of the election.

If a U.S. holder makes a mark-to-market election in respect of a PFIC and such corporation ceases to be a PFIC, the U.S. holder will not be required to take into account the mark-to-market gain or loss described above during any period that such corporation is not a PFIC.

The Company does not intend to provide information necessary for U.S. holders to make qualified electing fund elections, which, if available, would result in tax treatment different from (and generally less adverse than) the general tax treatment for PFICs described above.

If a U.S. holder owns Ordinary Shares during any taxable year that the Company is a PFIC, such holder would generally be required to file an annual IRS Form 8621. Each U.S. holder is advised to consult its tax advisors regarding the potential tax consequences to such holder if the Company is or become a PFIC, including the possibility of making a mark-to-market election.

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UNDERWRITING

Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, the underwriters named below (collectively, the “underwriters”), where Pacific Century Securities is acting as the representative of the underwriters (the “Representative”) have severally agreed to purchase from us on a firm commitment basis the following respective number of Ordinary Shares at the public price less the underwriting discounts set forth on the cover page of this prospectus:

Name	Number of Ordinary Shares
Pacific Century Securities		2,100,000
R.F. Lafferty & Co., Inc.		[ ]

Total		2,100,000

The underwriters are committed to purchase all the Ordinary Shares offered by us if any Ordinary Shares are purchased, other than those shares covered by the over-allotment option described below. The underwriting agreement also provides that if an underwriter defaults, the purchase commitments of non-defaulting underwriters may also be increased or the offering may be terminated. The underwriters are offering the Ordinary Shares subject to their acceptance of the Ordinary Shares from us and subject to prior sale. The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the several underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus are subject to the approval of certain legal matters by their counsel and to certain other conditions.

All sales of Ordinary Shares in the United States will be made through United States registered broker-dealers. Sales of Ordinary Shares made outside the United States may be made by affiliates of the underwriters.

The address of Pacific Century Securities is 60-20 Woodside Ave., Ste. 211, Queens, NY 11377. The address of R.F. Lafferty & Co., Inc. is 40 Wall Street, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10005.

Over-Allotment Option

If the underwriters sell more Ordinary Shares than the total number set forth in the table above, the Company has granted to the underwriters a 45-day option following the effective date of this prospectus to purchase up to 405,000 additional Ordinary Shares from us at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions, based on the assumed offering price of $5.00 per Ordinary Share. The underwriters may exercise this option solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, if any, in connection with this offering. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter must purchase a number of additional Ordinary Shares approximately proportionate to that underwriter’s initial purchase commitment. Any Ordinary Shares issued or sold under the option will be issued and sold on the same terms and conditions as the other Ordinary Shares that are the subject of this offering.

In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell Ordinary Shares in the open market. Purchases and sales in the open market may include short sales, purchases to cover short positions, which may include purchases pursuant to the over-allotment option, and stabilizing purchases.

Purchases to cover short positions and stabilizing purchases, as well as other purchases by the underwriters for their own accounts, may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the Ordinary Shares. They may also cause the price of the Ordinary Shares to be higher than the price that would otherwise exist in the open market in the absence of these transactions. The underwriters may conduct these transactions in the over-the-counter market or otherwise. If the underwriters commence any of these transactions, they may discontinue them at any time.

Discounts, Commissions, and Expenses

The Company has agreed to pay the underwriters a cash fee equal to seven (7%) of the aggregate gross proceeds raised in this offering. The following table shows the price per share and total public offering price, underwriting discounts and commissions, and proceeds before expenses to us.

	Per Share		Total Without Exercise of Over-Allotment Option		Total With Full Exercise of Over-Allotment Option
Initial public offering price	$	5.00	$	10,500,000	$	12,075,000
Underwriting discounts to be paid by us		0.35		735,000		845,250
Proceeds, before expenses, to us	$	4.65	$	9,765,000	$	11,229,750

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The Company has agreed to pay reasonable and documented underwriters’ accountable expenses of up to $250,000, which includes, without limitation, (A) reasonable fees of legal counsel incurred by the underwriters in connection with the offering; (B) all third party due diligence include the cost of any background checks; (C) IPREO book-building and prospectus tracking software; (D) reasonable roadshow expenses; (E) preparation of bound volumes and Lucite cube mementos in such quantities as the underwriters including underwriter’s U.S. & local counsel shall reasonably request, and (F) background check consultant. The Company has advanced $80,000 to the Representative to partially cover its out-of-pocket expenses. The advance will be returned to the Company to the extent such out-of-pocket accountable expenses are not actually incurred, or are less than the advances in accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g).

The Company has also agreed to pay the underwriters a non-accountable expense, equal to one percent (1.0%) of the gross proceeds received by us from the sale of the Ordinary Shares excluding shares sold pursuant to the exercise of the over-allotment option.

Right of First Refusal

Pacific Century Securities, LLC will receive a right of first refusal in connection with this offering, which covers all investment banking services for twelve (12) months, including (a) acting as lead manager for any underwritten public offering; and (b) acting as placement agent or initial purchaser in connection with any private offering.

Electronic Offer, Sale and Distribution of Ordinary Share

A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the web sites maintained by one or more underwriters, or selling group members, if any, participating in the offering. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of Ordinary Shares to underwriters and selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the Representative to underwriters and selling group members that may make internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations.

Lock-up Agreements

The Company, each of its directors and officers and holders of ten percent or more of the Ordinary Shares on a fully diluted basis immediately prior to the consummation of this offering have agreed or are otherwise contractually restricted for a period of six (6) months after the consummation of the offering, without the prior written consent of the Representative not to directly or indirectly:

●

issue (in the case of us), offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend or otherwise transfer or dispose of any shares of the Ordinary Share or other capital stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for the Ordinary Share or other capital stock;

●

in the case of us, file or cause the filing of any registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to any shares of Ordinary Share or other capital stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Ordinary Share or other capital stock, other than registration statements on Form S-8 filed with the SEC after the closing date of this offering; or

●

enter into any swap or other agreement, arrangement, hedge or transaction that transfers to another, in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, any of the economic consequences of ownership of Ordinary Share or other capital stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Ordinary Share or other capital stock,

whether any transaction described in any of the foregoing bullet points is to be settled by delivery of Ordinary Share or other capital stock, other securities, in cash or otherwise, or publicly announce an intention to do any of the foregoing.

There are no existing agreements between the underwriters and any person who will execute a lock-up agreement in connection with this offering providing consent to the sale of shares prior to the expiration of the lock-up period. The lock up does not apply to the issuance of shares upon the exercise of rights to acquire Ordinary Shares pursuant to any existing stock option or the conversion of any of preferred convertible stock.

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Stabilization

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the Ordinary Shares. Consequently, the initial public offering price for the Ordinary Shares will be determined by negotiations among us and the Representative. Among the factors to be considered in determining the initial public offering price are the Company’s results of operations, its current financial condition, its future prospects, its markets, the economic conditions in and future prospects for the industry in which the Company competes, its management and currently prevailing general conditions in the equity securities markets, including current market valuations of publicly traded companies considered comparable to the Company. Neither the Company nor the underwriters can assure investors that an active trading market will develop for Ordinary Shares, or that the Ordinary Shares will trade in the public market at or above the initial public offering price.

The Company plans to have the Ordinary Shares approved for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “PLUT.”

In connection with the offering the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, syndicate covering transactions, penalty bids and passive market making in accordance with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).

	●	Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.

	●	Over-allotment involves sales by the Underwriter of the Ordinary Share in excess of the number of shares the underwriters are obligated to purchase, which creates a syndicate short position. The short position may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered short position, the number of shares over-allotted by the underwriters is not greater than the number of shares that they may purchase in the over-allotment option. In a naked short position, the number of shares involved is greater than the number of shares in the over-allotment option. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their over-allotment option and/or purchasing shares in the open market.

	●	Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of shares in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. In determining the source of shares to close out the short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of the Ordinary Share available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the over-allotment option. If the underwriters sell more shares than could be covered by the over-allotment option, a naked short position, the position can only be closed out by buying shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there could be downward pressure on the price of the shares in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering.

	●	Penalty bids permit the representatives to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the Ordinary Share originally sold by the syndicate member is purchased in a stabilizing or syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions.

	●	In passive market making, market makers in the shares who are the underwriters or prospective underwriter may, subject to limitations, make bids for or purchases of the Ordinary Share until the time, if any, at which a stabilizing bid is made.

These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of the Ordinary Shares or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of Ordinary Shares. As a result, the price of Ordinary Shares may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. These transactions may be effected on the Nasdaq or otherwise, and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

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A prospectus in electronic format may be made available by e-mail or on the websites or through online services maintained by one or more of the underwriters or their affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view offering terms online and may be allowed to place orders online. The underwriters may agree with us to allocate a specific number of Ordinary Shares for sale to online brokerage account holders. Any such allocation for online distributions will be made by the underwriters on the same basis as other allocations. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on the underwriters’ websites and any information contained in any other website maintained by any of the underwriters is not part of this prospectus, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or the underwriters and should not be relied upon by investors.

Relationships

The underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. Certain of the underwriters and their respective affiliates may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of their business for which they may receive customary fees and reimbursement of expenses. In addition, in the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (which may include bank loans and/or credit default swaps) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and may at any time hold long and short positions in such securities and instruments. Such investments and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of the Company or its affiliates. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or financial instruments and may hold, or recommend to customers that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

The Company has agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make because of any of those liabilities.

Selling Restrictions

Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.

Notice to Investors

Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area

In relation to each member state of the European Economic Area, an offer of Ordinary Shares described in this prospectus may not be made to the public in that member state unless the prospectus has been approved by the competent authority in such member state or, where appropriate, approved in another member state and notified to the competent authority in that member state, all in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation, except that an offer to the public in that member state of any Ordinary Shares may be made at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Regulation:

●

to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined in the Prospectus Regulation;

●

to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Regulation), as permitted under the Prospectus Directive, subject to obtaining the prior consent of the relevant Dealer or Dealers nominated by us for any such offer; or

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●

in any other circumstances falling within Article 1(4) of the Prospectus Regulation,

provided that no such offer of Ordinary Shares shall require us or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Regulation or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the Prospectus Regulation.

For purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of securities to the public” in any member state means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the Ordinary Shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the Ordinary Shares and the expression “Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129.

The sellers of the Ordinary Shares have not authorized and do not authorize the making of any offer of Ordinary Shares through any financial intermediary on their behalf, other than offers made by the underwriters with a view to the final placement of the Ordinary Shares as contemplated in this prospectus. Accordingly, no purchaser of the Ordinary Shares, other than the underwriters, is authorized to make any further offer of the Ordinary Shares on behalf of the sellers or the underwriters.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

This prospectus is only being distributed to, and is only directed at, persons in the United Kingdom that are qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Regulation that are also (i) investment professionals falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, or Order, or (ii) high net worth entities, and other persons to whom it may lawfully be communicated, falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (each such person being referred to as a “relevant person”). This prospectus and its contents are confidential and should not be distributed, published or reproduced (in whole or in part) or disclosed by recipients to any other persons in the United Kingdom. Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.

Notice to Prospective Investors in France

Neither this prospectus nor any other offering material relating to the Ordinary Shares described in this prospectus has been submitted to the clearance procedures of the Autorité des Marchés Financiers or of the competent authority of another member state of the European Economic Area and notified to the Autorité des Marchés Financiers. The Ordinary Shares have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France. Neither this prospectus nor any other offering material relating to the Ordinary Shares has been or will be:

●

released, issued, distributed or caused to be released, issued or distributed to the public in France; or

●

used in connection with any offer for subscription or sale of the Ordinary Shares to the public in France.

Such offers, sales and distributions will be made in France only:

●

to qualified investors (investisseurs qualifiés) and/or to a restricted circle of investors (cercle restreint d’investisseurs), in each case investing for their own account, all as defined in, and in accordance with articles L.411-2, D.411-1, D.411-2, D.734-1, D.744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Code monétaire et financier;

●

to investment services providers authorized to engage in portfolio management on behalf of third parties; or

●

in a transaction that, in accordance with article L.411-2-II-1° -or-2° -or 3° of the French Code monétaire et financier and article 211-2 of the General Regulations (Règlement Général) of the Autorité des Marchés Financiers, does not constitute a public offer (appel public à l’épargne).

The Ordinary Shares may be resold directly or indirectly, only in compliance with articles L.411-1, L.411-2, L.412-1 and L.621-8 through L.621-8-3 of the French Code monétaire et financier.

147

Notice to Prospective Investors in Switzerland

This document, as well as any other offering or marketing material relating to the Ordinary Shares which are the subject of the offering contemplated by this prospectus, neither constitutes a prospectus pursuant to Article 652a or Article 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations nor a simplified prospectus as such term is understood pursuant to article 5 of the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes. Neither the Ordinary Shares nor the shares underlying the Ordinary Shares will be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange and, therefore, the documents relating to the Ordinary Shares, including, but not limited to, this document, do not claim to comply with the disclosure standards of the listing rules of SIX Swiss Exchange and corresponding prospectus schemes annexed to the listing rules of the SIX Swiss Exchange.

The Ordinary Shares are being offered in Switzerland by way of a private placement, i.e. to a small number of selected investors only, without any public offer and only to investors who do not purchase the Ordinary Shares with the intention to distribute them to the public. The investors will be individually approached from time to time. This document, as well as any other offering or marketing material relating to the Ordinary Shares, is confidential and it is exclusively for the use of the individually addressed investors in connection with the offer of the Ordinary Shares in Switzerland and it does not constitute an offer to any other person. This document may only be used by those investors to whom it has been handed out in connection with the offering described herein and may neither directly nor indirectly be distributed or made available to other persons without the Company’s express consent. It may not be used in connection with any other offer and shall in particular not be copied and/or distributed to the public in or from Switzerland.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Australia

This prospectus is not a formal disclosure document and has not been, nor will be, lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission. It does not purport to contain all information that an investor or their professional advisers would expect to find in a prospectus or other disclosure document (as defined in the Corporations Act 2001 (Australia)) for the purposes of Part 6D.2 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Australia) or in a product disclosure statement for the purposes of Part 7.9 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Australia), in either case, in relation to the Ordinary Shares.

The Ordinary Shares are not being offered in Australia to “retail clients” as defined in sections 761G and 761GA of the Corporations Act 2001 (Australia). This offering is being made in Australia solely to “wholesale clients” for the purposes of section 761G of the Corporations Act 2001 (Australia) and, as such, no prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document in relation to the securities has been, or will be, prepared.

This prospectus does not constitute an offer in Australia other than to wholesale clients. By submitting an application for the Ordinary Shares, you represent and warrant to us that you are a wholesale client for the purposes of section 761G of the Corporations Act 2001 (Australia). If any recipient of this prospectus is not a wholesale client, no offer of, or invitation to apply for, the Ordinary Shares shall be deemed to be made to such recipient and no applications for the Ordinary Shares will be accepted from such recipient. Any offer to a recipient in Australia, and any agreement arising from acceptance of such offer, is personal and may only be accepted by the recipient. In addition, by applying for the Ordinary Shares you undertake to us that, for a period of 12 months from the date of issue of the Ordinary Shares, you will not transfer any interest in the Ordinary Shares to any person in Australia other than to a wholesale client.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Hong Kong

The Ordinary Shares may not be offered or sold in Hong Kong by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32 of the Laws of Hong Kong), or (ii) to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong) and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the Ordinary Shares may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to Ordinary Shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder.

148

Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan

The Ordinary Shares offered in this prospectus have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan. The Ordinary Shares have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the account of any resident of Japan (including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), except (i) pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law and (ii) in compliance with any other applicable requirements of Japanese law.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Singapore

This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the Ordinary Shares may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the Ordinary Shares be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the “SFA”), (ii) to a relevant person pursuant to Section 275(1), or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA, in each case subject to compliance with conditions set forth in the SFA.

Where the Ordinary Shares are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is:

●

a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or

●

a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an individual who is an accredited investor,

shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interest (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferred within six months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the Ordinary Shares pursuant to an offer made under Section 275 of the SFA except:

●

to an institutional investor (for corporations, under Section 274 of the SFA) or to a relevant person defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA, or to any person pursuant to an offer that is made on terms that such shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or such rights and interest in that trust are acquired at a consideration of not less than US$200,000 (or its equivalent in a foreign currency) for each transaction, whether such amount is to be paid for in cash or by exchange of securities or other assets, and further for corporations, in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA;

●

where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer; or

●

where the transfer is by operation of law.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Canada

The Ordinary Shares may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the Ordinary Shares must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.

Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.

149

Pursuant to section 3A.3 (or, in the case of securities issued or guaranteed by the government of a non-Canadian jurisdiction, section 3A.4) of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the Cayman Islands

This prospectus does not constitute a public offer of the Ordinary Shares or Ordinary Shares, whether by way of sale or subscription, in the Cayman Islands. Ordinary Shares or Ordinary Shares have not been offered or sold, and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in the Cayman Islands.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the PRC

This prospectus has not been and will not be circulated or distributed in the PRC, and the Ordinary Shares may not be offered or sold, and will not be offered or sold to any person for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, to any residents of the PRC except pursuant to applicable laws and regulations of the PRC. For the purposes of this paragraph, the PRC does not include Taiwan, Hong Kong or Macau.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Taiwan

The Ordinary Shares have not been and will not be registered or filed with, or approved by, the Financial Supervisory Commission of Taiwan pursuant to relevant securities laws and regulations and may not be offered or sold in Taiwan through a public offering or in circumstances which constitute an offer within the meaning of the Securities and Exchange Act of Taiwan or relevant laws and regulations that require a registration, filing or approval of the Financial Supervisory Commission of Taiwan. No person or entity in Taiwan has been authorized to offer or sell the Ordinary Shares in Taiwan.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Qatar

In the State of Qatar, the offer contained herein is made on an exclusive basis to the specifically intended recipient thereof, upon that person’s request and initiative, for personal use only and shall in no way be construed as a general offer for the sale of securities to the public or an attempt to do business as a bank, an investment company or otherwise in the State of Qatar. This prospectus and the underlying securities have not been approved or licensed by the Qatar Central Bank or the Qatar Financial Centre Regulatory Authority or any other regulator in the State of Qatar. The information contained in this prospectus shall only be shared with any third parties in Qatar on a need to know basis for the purpose of evaluating the contained offer. Any distribution of this prospectus by the recipient to third parties in Qatar beyond the terms hereof is not permitted and shall be at the liability of such recipient.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Kuwait

Unless all necessary approvals from the Kuwait Ministry of Commerce and Industry required by Law No. 31/1990 “Regulating the Negotiation of Securities and Establishment of Investment Funds,” its Executive Regulations and the various Ministerial Orders issued pursuant thereto or in connection therewith, have been given in relation to the marketing and sale of the Ordinary Shares, these may not be marketed, offered for sale, nor sold in the State of Kuwait. Neither this prospectus (including any related document), nor any of the information contained therein is intended to lead to the conclusion of any contract of whatsoever nature within Kuwait. Investors in Kuwait who approach us or any of the underwriters to obtain copies of this prospectus are required by us and the underwriters to keep such prospectus confidential and not to make copies thereof nor distribute the same to any other person in Kuwait and are also required to observe the restrictions provided for in all jurisdictions with respect to offering, marketing and the sale of the Ordinary Shares.

150

Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Arab Emirates

The Ordinary Shares have not been offered or sold, and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in the United Arab Emirates, except: (1) in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations of the United Arab Emirates; and (2) through persons or corporate entities authorized and licensed to provide investment advice and/or engage in brokerage activity and/or trade in respect of foreign securities in the United Arab Emirates. The information contained in this prospectus does not constitute a public offer of securities in the United Arab Emirates in accordance with the Commercial Companies Law (Federal Law No. 8 of 1984 (as amended)) or otherwise and is not intended to be a public offer and is addressed only to persons who are sophisticated investors.

Notice to Investors in the Dubai International Financial Centre

This document relates to an Exempt Offer, as defined in the Offered Securities Rules module of the DFSA Rulebook, or the OSR, in accordance with the Offered Securities Rules of the Dubai Financial Services Authority. This document is intended for distribution only to Persons, as defined in the OSR, of a type specified in those rules. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other Person. The Dubai Financial Services Authority has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with Exempt Offers. The Dubai Financial Services Authority has not approved this document nor taken steps to verify the information set out in it, and has no responsibility for it. The Ordinary Shares to which this document relates may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers of the Ordinary Shares offered should conduct their own due diligence on the Ordinary Shares. If you do not understand the contents of this document, you should consult an authorized financial adviser.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Saudi Arabia

This prospectus may not be distributed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia except to such persons as are permitted under the Offers of Securities Regulations issued by the Capital Market Authority. The Capital Market Authority does not make any representation as to the accuracy or completeness of this prospectus, and expressly disclaims any liability whatsoever for any loss arising from, or incurred in reliance upon, any part of this prospectus. Prospective purchasers of the securities offered hereby should conduct their own due diligence on the accuracy of the information relating to the securities. If you do not understand the contents of this prospectus, you should consult an authorized financial adviser.

EXPENSES RELATING TO THIS OFFERING

The following table sets forth the costs and expenses, other than the underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by the registrant in connection with the sale of Ordinary Shares being registered. All amounts are estimates except for the SEC registration fee, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority filing fee and the Nasdaq Capital Market listing fee.

SEC registration fee	$	10,000
FINRA filing fee		10,000
Nasdaq Capital Market listing fee		50,000
Legal fees and expenses		329,000
Accounting fees and expenses		260,000
Consultant fees		250,000
Underwriter’s expenses		250,000
Transfer agent fee, financial printing and miscellaneous expenses		81,000
Total	$	1,240,000

LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the Ordinary Shares and certain other legal matters with respect to U.S. federal and New York State law in connection with this offering will be passed upon for us by The Crone Law Group, P.C. Certain legal matters with respect to U.S. federal and New York State law in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Sichenzia Ross Ference LLP. The validity of the Ordinary Shares offered in this offering and other certain legal matters as to Cayman Islands law will be passed upon for us by Harney Westwood & Riegels. Legal matters as to Hong Kong law will be passed upon for us by CFN Lawyers and for the underwriters by _________.

151

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 included in this prospectus have been audited by WWC, P.C., an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein (which report expresses an unqualified opinion on the financial statements). Such financial statements and financial statement schedule are included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

The main office of WWC, P.C. is headquartered at 2010 Pioneer Court, San Mateo, CA 94403.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

The Company has filed a registration statement on Form F-1, including relevant exhibits, with the SEC under the Securities Act with respect to the underlying Ordinary Shares represented by the Ordinary Shares to be sold in this offering. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement on Form F-1, does not contain all of the information contained in the registration statement. You should read this registration statement and the exhibits and schedules for further information with respect to the Company and the Ordinary Shares.

The Company is subject to periodic reporting and other information requirements of the Exchange Act as applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, it is required to file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the SEC. All information filed with the SEC can be obtained over the internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov or inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You can request copies of documents, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC.

As a foreign private issuer, the Company is exempt under the Exchange Act from, among other things, the rules prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and its executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, the Company will not be required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. However, the Company intends to furnish the depositary with its annual reports, which will include a review of operations and annual audited consolidated combined financial statements prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP, and all notices of shareholders’ meetings and other reports and communications that are made generally available to its shareholders. The depositary will make such notices, reports and communications available to holders of Ordinary Shares and, if the Company so requests, will mail to all record holders of Ordinary Shares the information contained in any notice of a shareholders’ meeting received by the depositary from us.

152

INDEX TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm		F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		F-3

Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022		F-4

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022		F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022		F-6

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements		F-7

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm		F-26

Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2022 and Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2023		F-27

Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2023		F-28

Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2023		F-29

Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2023		F-30

Notes to the Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements		F-31

Schedule I — Parent Only Financial Information		F-50

F-1

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To:	The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
	Plutus Financial Group Limited

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Plutus Financial Group Limited and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021, and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021, and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

WWC, P.C.

Certified Public Accountants

PCAOB ID No. 1171

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2022.

San Mateo, California

July 3, 2023

F-2

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Amount in thousands, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000		US$’000
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		12,611		12,694		1,627
Cash segregated for regulatory purpose		4,164		34,830		4,465
Loans to customers, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		63,209		54,084		6,933
Loans to customers - related parties, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		8,685		2,441		313
Receivables from:
Customers, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		3,079		1,709		219
Customers - related parties, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		-		2,002		257
Broker-dealers, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2021 and 2022		341		499		64
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		507		4,553		584
Amount due from related parties		30,398		7,211		924
Total current assets		122,994		120,023		15,386

Non-current assets:
Property and equipment, net		38		5		1
Right-of-use assets		1,172		2,243		288
Intangible asset, net		600		600		77
Deferred tax assets		329		314		40
Refundable deposit		205		229		29
Total non-current assets		2,344		3,391		435
TOTAL ASSETS		125,338		123,414		15,821

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Payables to:
Customers		4,573		14,732		1,888
Customers - related parties		730		20,062		2,572
Clearing organizations		2,435		407		52
Accruals and other current liabilities		5,218		2,289		296
Accrued commission expense		-		2,999		384
Lease liabilities - current		1,172		1,223		157
Income taxes payable		5,737		501		64
Total current liabilities		19,865		42,213		5,413

Non-current liabilities:
Lease liabilities - non-current		-		1,123		144
Total non-current liabilities		-		1,123		144
TOTAL LIABILITIES		19,865		43,336		5,557

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Shareholders’ equity
Preferred shares US$0.0001 par value per share; 3,000,000 authorized; nil share issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and 2022 Ordinary shares US$0.0001 par value per share; 300,000,000 authorized; 12,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and 2022*		9		9		1
Additional paid-in capital		76,477		76,477		9,803
Retained earnings		28,987		3,592		460
Total shareholders’ equity		105,473		80,078		10,264

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY		125,338		123,414		15,821

*	Giving retroactive effect to the issuance of ordinary share on July 15, 2022 which are detailed in Note 1.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-3

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS) AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Amount in thousands, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)

	For the years ended December 31,
	2021		2022			2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000			US$’000

Revenues:
Securities brokerage commission		710		1,750			224
Securities brokerage handling fee		1,206		162			21
Underwriting and placing services fee		33,028		3,776			484
Asset management fee		2,897		6,599			846
Interest income		5,154		6,990			896
Total revenues		42,995		19,277			2,471

Expenses:
Compensation and benefits		6,925		8,732			1,119
Commission expense		-		3,980			510
Advertising and marketing		4,500		-			-
Depreciation		302		33			4
General and administrative		5,826		7,569			970
Total expenses		17,553		20,314			2,603

Income (loss) from operations		25,442		(1,037	)		(132	)

Other income:
Government subsidies		164		318			40
Others		104		107			14
Total other income		268		425			54

Income (loss) before income taxes		25,710		(612	)		(78	)

Income tax expense		4,237		332			43

Net income (loss) and total comprehensive income (loss)		21,473		(944	)		(121	)

Net income (loss) per share attributable to ordinary shareholders
Basic and diluted*		1.79		(0.08	)		(0.01	)
Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in computing net income per share
Basic and diluted*		12,000,000		12,000,000			12,000,000

*	Giving retroactive effect to the issuance of ordinary share on July 15, 2022 which are detailed in Note 1.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-4

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Amount in thousands, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)

	Ordinary shares				Additional					Total
	No. of shares		Amount		paid-in capital		Retained earnings			shareholders’ equity
			HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000			HKD’000

Balance as of January 1, 2021		12,000,000		9		43,000		7,514			50,523
Shareholder’s contribution		-		-		33,477		-			33,477
Net income		-		-		-		21,473			21,473

Balance as of December 31, 2021		12,000,000		9		76,477		28,987			105,473
Dividends made through reduction in amount due from the shareholder		-		-		-		(24,451	)		(24,451	)
Net loss		-		-		-		(944	)		(944	)

Balance as of December 31, 2022		12,000,000		9		76,477		3,592			80,078

*	Giving retroactive effect to the issuance of ordinary share on July 15, 2022 which are detailed in Note 1.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amount in thousands, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)

	For the years ended December 31,
	2021			2022			2022
	HKD’000			HKD’000			US$’000
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)		21,473			(944	)		(120	)
Adjustment:
Depreciation		302			33			4
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Loans to customers		(42,300	)		15,369			1,970
Receivables from customers and broker-dealers		(1,598	)		(790	)		(101	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(27	)		43			6
Deferred tax assets		28			15			2
Payables to customers and clearing organizations		(5,006	)		27,463			3,520
Advance from (repayment to) related parties		72			(150	)		(19	)
Accruals and other current liabilities		5,097			(2,828	)		(363	)
Accrued commission expenses		-			2,999			384
Income taxes payable		4,207			(5,258	)		(674	)
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(17,752	)		35,952			4,609

Cash flows from investing activities		-			-			-

Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from shareholder’s contribution		33,477			-			-
Deferred IPO cost		-			(4,089	)		(524	)
Advance to a related party		(36,025	)		(1,114	)		(143	)
Repayment from a related party		5,475			-			-
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities		2,927			(5,203	)		(667	)

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and cash segregated for regulatory purpose		(14,825	)		30,749			3,942
Cash, cash equivalents and cash segregated for regulatory purpose at beginning of the year		31,600			16,775			2,150
Cash and cash equivalents and cash segregated for regulatory purpose at the end of the year		16,775			47,524			6,092

Supplementary cash flows information
Cash paid for income taxes		-			(5,553	)		(712	)
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Dividends made through reduction in amount due from the shareholder		-			(24,451	)		(3,134	)
Initial recognition of lease obligations related to right-of-use assets		-			2,380			305

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-6

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.	ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

Plutus Financial Group Limited (collectively the “Company”) was incorporated in the Cayman Islands on January 12, 2022 as an investment holding company. The Company conducts its primary operations through its indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries that are incorporated and domiciled in Hong Kong, namely: 1.) Plutus Securities Limited (“Plutus Securities”) which is licensed with the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong (the “SFC”) to carry out Type 1 (dealing in Securities) regulated activities and mainly offers securities dealings and brokerage services, underwriting and placing services and other financing services; and 2.) Plutus Asset Management Limited (“Plutus AM”) which is licensed with the SFC to carry out Type 4 (advising on securities) and Type 9 (asset management) regulated activities in Hong Kong and mainly offer (i) asset management services and (ii) investment advisory services to customers. The Company holds Plutus Securities and Plutus AM via two wholly-owned subsidiaries, namely Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited (“Plutus IH Group”) and Plutus Investment Holdings International Limited (“Plutus IH Int’l”), respectively, both of which were incorporated and are domiciled in the British Virgin Islands.

The Company generates brokerage commission income by enabling its customers to trade on multiple exchanges around the world; commission income by underwriting and placing securities for its customers; and asset management fee by providing investment advisory services to its customers.

Details of the Company and its subsidiaries are set out in the table as follows:

	Date of	Percentage of effective ownership December 31,						Place of	Principal
Name	incorporation	2021			2022			incorporation	activities
Plutus Financial Group Limited	January 12, 2022	N/A			N/A			Cayman Islands	Investment holding
Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited	February 8, 2022		100	%		100	%	The British Virgin Islands	Investment holding
Plutus Investment Holdings International Limited	February 8, 2022		100	%		100	%	The British Virgin Islands	Investment holding
Plutus Securities Limited	April 20, 2018		100	%		100	%	Hong Kong	Securities dealings and brokerage, underwriting and placing services
Plutus Asset Management Limited	April 20, 2018		100	%		100	%	Hong Kong	Asset management
Plutus Asset Management Cayman Limited	August 30, 2018		100	%		100	%	Cayman Islands	Investment holding
Plutus Financial Holdings Limited*	March 19, 2019		100	%		100	%	Hong Kong	Investment holding
Plutus Financial Holdings Limited	February 11, 2019		100	%		100	%	The British Virgin Islands	Investment holding

* Plutus Financial Holdings Limited has been renamed as One Promise Investment Immigration Consulting Limited on April 11, 2023.

Reorganization

Pursuant to a group reorganization (“Group Reorganization”) that took place on July 15, 2022 (“Closing Date”), the former sole shareholder of Plutus Securities and Plutus AM, namely Mr. Zhisheng Zhao (“Mr. Zhao”) transferred all the issued shares of Plutus Securities and Plutus AM to Plutus IH Group and Plutus IH Int’l, respectively, which are both wholly-owned by the Company, in consideration of the Company allotting and issuing 12,000,000 ordinary shares to two private companies wholly-owned by Mr. Zhao, credited as fully paid. Following such share exchanges, Plutus Securities and Plutus AM became the Company’s indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries, whereas Mr. Zhao became the ultimate controlling shareholder of the Company holding the entire issued share capital of the Company.

The Group Reorganization has been accounted for as a reverse acquisition whereby Plutus Securities and Plutus AM are deemed to be the accounting acquirers (legal acquirees) and the Company to be the accounting acquiree (legal acquirer). The financial statements before the Group Reorganization are those of Plutus Securities and Plutus AM on a combined basis with the results of the Company being consolidated from the Closing Date. The equity section and earnings per share of the Company have been retroactively restated to reflect the reverse acquisition and no goodwill has been recorded.

F-7

The accompanying financial statements are presented assuming that the existing group structure was an existence at the beginning of the first period presented.

2.	SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All inter-company transactions, if any, and balances due to, due from, long-term investment subsidiary, and registered paid in capital have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates relate to allowance for doubtful accounts, useful lives and impairment for property and equipment, fair value of financial instruments and contingencies. Actual results could vary from the estimates and assumptions that were used.

Foreign currency translation and transaction and convenience translation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in the Hong Kong dollar (“HKD”), which is the reporting currency of the Company. HKD is also the functional currency of the Company’s operating subsidiaries.

Assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the reporting currency are translated into the reporting currency at the rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date. Translation gains and losses are recognized in the consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) as other comprehensive income (loss). Transactions in currencies other than the reporting currency are measured and recorded in the reporting currency at the exchange rate prevailing on the transaction date. The cumulative gain or loss from foreign currency transactions is reflected in the consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) as other income (expense).

Translations of the consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of income (loss) and consolidated statements of cash flows from HKD into US$ as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022 are solely for the convenience of the reader and were calculated at the rate of US$1 = HKD7.8015, as published in H.10 statistical release of the United States Federal Reserve Board. No representation is made that the HKD amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into US$ at that rate on December 31, 2022.

Fair Value Measurement

Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact, and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

F-8

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Accounting guidance establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

	●	Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices, in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

	●	Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical asset or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.

	●	Level 3 applies to asset or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Based on the short-term nature of cash and cash equivalents, cash segregated for regulatory purpose, loans to customers and related parties, receivables from customers, related parties and broker-dealers, amount due from related parties, prepaid expenses and other current assets, payables to customers, related parties and clearing organizations, accruals and other current liabilities, accrued commission expense and income taxes payable has determined that the carrying value approximates their fair values. The carrying amount of operating lease liabilities approximate their fair values since they bear an interest rate which approximates market interest rates.

Related parties

The Company adopted ASC 850, Related Party Disclosures, for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and deposit placed with banks, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal and use. The Company does not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2021 and 2022. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts which at times may exceed insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. Management believes that the Company is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.

Cash segregated for regulatory purpose

Pursuant to the Securities and Futures (Client Money) Rule under the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Ordinance, the Company maintains cash in segregated bank accounts with banks for the exclusive benefit of customers. The Company has classified such cash in segregated bank accounts as cash segregated for regulatory purpose under the assets section in the consolidated balance sheets and recognized the corresponding accounts payable to the respective customers under the liabilities section.

Loans to customers

Loans primarily include margin loans and Initial Public Offering (“IPO”) loans extended to customers, collateralized by customers’ securities and are carried at the amount receivable net of an allowance for expected credit losses. Collateral is required to be maintained at specified minimum levels at all times. The Company monitors margin levels and requires customers to provide additional collateral, or reduce margin positions, to meet minimum collateral requirements if the fair value of the collateral changes. The Company applies the practical expedient based on collateral maintenance provisions under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, in estimating an allowance for credit losses for loans. In accordance with the practical expedient, when the Company reasonably expects that borrowers (or counterparties, as applicable) will replenish the collateral as required, there is no expectation of credit losses when the collateral’s fair value is greater than the amortized cost of the financial asset. If the amortized cost exceeds the fair value of collateral, then credit losses are estimated only on the unsecured portion. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, expected credit loss expense of HKD nil resulting from the assessment of credit losses for loans at year-end.

F-9

An allowance for credit losses on unsecured or partially secured receivables from customers is estimated based on the aging of those receivables. Unsecured balances due to confirmed fraud are reserved immediately. The Company’s policy is to charge off any delinquent margin loans, including the accrued interest on such loans, no later than 90 days past due. Accrued interest charged off is recognized as credit loss expense and is included in other expenses in the consolidated statements of income (loss). Customers with margin loans have agreed to allow the Company to pledge collateralized securities in accordance with applicable regulations. The collateral is not reflected in the consolidated financial statements.

Receivables

Receivables from and payables to customers mainly include (i) amounts due on brokerage transactions on a trade-date basis; (ii) interest receivable from customers which is calculated based on the contractual interest rate of margin and IPO loans and is recorded as interest income as earned; and (iii) asset management and advisory fee receivables from customers.

Receivables from broker-dealers represent the receivable on trades that not withdrawn by the Company.

Payables to the clearing organization, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited (“HKEx”) include those arising from unsettled trades on a trade-date basis. The proceeds receivable on trades that have yet to settle are usually settled within two days.

The Company’s policy is to net the receivables from and payables to clearing organizations that meet the offsetting requirements prescribed in ASC Topic 210-20.

Interest receivable from customers is calculated based on the contractual interest rate of margin and IPO loans and is recorded as interest income as earned.

The receivables from customers, broker-dealers and clearing organizations are viewed as past due or delinquent based on how recently payments have been received. The Company has contractual rights to receive cash on demand from customers, broker-dealers and clearing organizations. As of December 31, 2021 and 2022, no receivables from customers and broker-dealers are past due or delinquent based on the repayment history of customers and broker-dealers. As of December 31, 2021 and 2022, no receivables from clearing organizations are past due or delinquent as the receivables are normally being settled within two days after the trade execution.

Deferred IPO costs

Pursuant to ASC 340-10-S99-1, IPO costs directly attributable to an offering of equity securities are deferred and would be charged against the gross proceeds of the offering as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. These costs include legal fees related to the registration drafting and counsel, consulting fees related to the registration preparation and SEC filing costs. As of December 31, 2022, the Company did not conclude its IPO. Accordingly, the Company recorded a charge of HKD4,089,000 related to the IPO.

Refundable deposit

As a clearing member firm of HKEx, the Company is exposed to clearing member credit risk.

HKEx requires member firms to deposit cash to a clearing fund. If a clearing member defaults in its obligations to clearing organizations in an amount larger than its own margin and clearing fund deposits, the shortfall is absorbed pro rata from the deposits of the other clearing members. HKEx has the authority to assess their members for additional funds if the clearing fund is depleted. A large clearing member default could result in a substantial cost if the Company is required to pay such additional funds.

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any, and depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Cost represents the purchase price of the asset and other costs incurred to bring the asset into its intended use. Estimated useful lives are as follows:

Category		Estimated useful lives
Leasehold improvements		Shorter of the lease terms or the estimated useful lives of the assets
Furniture and fixtures		3 years
Equipment		3 years

F-10

Expenditure for repair and maintenance costs, which do not materially extend the useful lives of the assets, are charged to expenses as incurred, whereas the expenditure for major renewals and betterment that substantially extends the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized as additions to the related assets. Retirements, sales and disposals of assets are recorded by removing the costs, accumulated depreciation and impairment with any resulting gain or loss recognized in the consolidated statements of income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss).

Intangible assets, net

Intangible assets are originally recognized at cost. The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed to be either finite or indefinite. The Company’s intangible assets consist of eligibility rights to trade on or through The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “SEHK”). Management has determined that such assets have indefinite useful lives. These intangible assets are not amortized and tested for impairment annually either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The useful life of an intangible asset with an indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether indefinite life assessment continues to be supportable. If not, the change in the useful life assessment from indefinite to finite is accounted for on a prospective basis.

Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may no longer be recoverable. When these events occur, the Company measures impairment by comparing the carrying value of the long-lived assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying amount of the assets, the Company would recognize an impairment loss, which is the excess of carrying amount over the fair value of the assets, using the expected future discounted cash flows. No impairment of long-lived assets was recognized as of December 31, 2021 and 2022.

Commitments and contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to commitments and contingencies, including operating lease commitments, legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business that relate to a wide range of matters, such as government investigations and tax matters. The Company recognizes a liability for such contingency if it determines it is probable that a loss will occur, and a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made. The Company may consider many factors in making these assessments on liability for contingencies, including historical and the specific facts and circumstances of each matter. There were no material commitments or contingencies as of December 31, 2021 and 2022.

Revenue recognition

The Company currently generates its revenue from the following main sources:

Securities brokerage commissions

The Company provides securities brokerage services, which include provision of trade execution and clearing services (collectively the “trade execution”), and custody services to individual customers or corporate customers (i.e., brokers). When a customer initiates a trade order through the Company, trade execution fees are recognized and accrued in individual equities on a trade-date basis, and are recognized at a point in time (trade date) when the performance obligation has been satisfied by the completion of executing of transaction services. Trade execution and clearing services are bundled into a single performance obligation as they are not separately identifiable. Trade execution and clearing services are both inputs to the combined output of security trading and the Company does not provide the two services separately. The Company acts as an agent as the Company merely arranges trading of securities between other investors in the market and the Company’s customers. The Company negotiates trade execution fee rates with customers on an individual basis and charges trade execution fees at a fixed percentage of trading amount. As a result, there is variable consideration in the transaction price as transaction fee rates generally vary among customers and transactions. The fee is directly charged from the customer’s account when the transactions are executed. The Company provides custody services but it does not charge separate fees for custody services for securities and funds. Custody services are a necessary function in order to facilitate trade for customers. Trade execution services are priced at their standalone selling prices, it would be accounted for as a separate contract and none of the trade execution fees would be allocated to the custody services.

F-11

Securities brokerage handling fee

Handling fee income earned from providing services including IPO subscription and dividend handling services to individual customers or corporate customers (i.e., brokers). IPO subscription fee is recognized at the time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by successfully submitting IPO subscription on behalf of customers. IPO subscription handling fee is fixed per order, regardless of successful allotment, and no variable consideration in the transaction price. No handling fee is charged by the Company to customers if there is no successful execution of the related IPO subscription transaction. Dividend handling fee income is recognized at the time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by receiving dividends on behalf of customers. The transaction price includes variable consideration and is charged at a fixed percentage of dividend collected. The dividend collected is credited to the customer’s account. The Company acts as an agent as the Company merely arranges trading of securities between other investors or securities issuers in the market and the Company’s customers. Handling fee income is directly charged from the customer’s account when the transactions are executed. The Company receives no fees from other investors in the market or securities issuers in the handling fee types of transactions.

Underwriting and placing services

The underwriting service is distinct and is identified as one performance obligation. Underwriting commission income is recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by the completion of provision of underwriting services under the respective engagement terms, which is typically at the closing of the transaction. The customer of the Company is the securities issuer. The Company acts as a principal in underwriting services to raise capital for the securities issuer, who issues or proposes to issue any securities, as the Company is obligated to take up unsubscribed securities up to underwriting commitment, an agreed maximum number of securities to underwrite. The Company is primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified good or service to customers. The Company has inventory risk before or after the specified good or service has been transferred to a customer. Even though the Company has no discretion in setting prices to customers, the Company is a principal in underwriting services considering the indicators of primary responsibility and inventory risk outweighed the indicators of pricing discretion. The contractual payment terms are typically due no more than 30 days from invoicing.

The placing service is distinct and is identified as one performance obligation. Placing commission income is recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by the completion of provision of placing services under the respective engagement terms, which is typically at the closing of the transaction. The customer of the Company is the securities issuers. The placing commitment, as stated in the placing agreement with securities issuers, is that the Company is an agent to provide placing services by using its reasonable best efforts to procure potential subscribers to subscribe the funds raised by securities issuers. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the securities if the subscribers do not subscribe to any or all the securities. The Company is not primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified good or service to customers. The Company has no inventory risk before or after the specified good or service has been transferred to a customer. The Company has no discretion in setting prices to customers. The contractual payment terms are typically due no more than 30 days from invoicing.

Underwriting and placing commission income are generally charged at fixed rate with reference to size of funds raised in the transaction, subject to determination of securities issuers and the transaction price includes variable consideration. The contractual payment terms are typically due no more than 30 days from invoicing. The Company does not receive or not entitled to any compensation if the related underwriting and placing transaction are not completed.

F-12

Asset management and advisory fee

Revenue from asset management and advisory services is primarily in connection with (i) services as an investment manager or an advisor from funds or investments; and (ii) fund subscription services to customers. The Company rendered management and advisory services to individual customers as a principal which are recorded over the period of service provided. Asset management and advisory service fee is charged by the Company to funds monthly and collected directly out of custodial accounts. The Company acts as a principal to provide investment and advisory services to individual customers and charges customers asset management and advisory fee at fixed amount or fixed percentage of asset value under management in accordance with the agreement. There is variable consideration in the transaction price if the fee is charged at a fixed percentage of asset values. The fee is due and paid within the specified terms of payment.

Interest income

The Company earns interest income primarily from its margin and IPO financing offered by the Company to customers. Revenue is recognized over the period that the margin loans and IPO financing are outstanding. The Company offers margin loans to individual customers as a principal with its own funding. There is variable consideration in the transaction price as interest income is directly charged at a fixed percentage over the financing amount from the customer’s account monthly or when customers repay the principal amount of margin.

There were no contract assets or contract liabilities balances as of December 31, 2021 and 2022.

Other income

Interest income is mainly generated from savings and time deposits and is recognized on an accrual basis using the effective interest method.

Government grants

Government grants are not recognized until there is a reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants will be received.

Government grants are recognized in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the periods in which the Company recognizes as expenses the related costs for which the grants are intended to compensate.

Government grants related to income that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Company with no future related costs are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they become receivable. Such grants are presented under other income.

During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, the Company recognized government grants of approximately HKD164,000 and HKD318,000, respectively, in other income.

Advertising and marketing expenses

Advertising and marketing expenses mainly consist of advertising, promotion and marketing expenses.

Commission expenses

Commission expenses represents the expense accrued for the successful introduction of investors to investment funds by external agents and internal staff.

F-13

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses mainly consist of staff cost, lease expense, office supplies and upkeep expenses, legal and professional fees, and other miscellaneous administrative expenses.

Operating leases

The Company is a lessee of non-cancellable operating leases for office. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease’s commencement date. The interest rate used to determine the present value of the future lease payments is the Company’s incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date. The Company generally uses the base, non-cancellable lease term in calculating the right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and liabilities.

The Company may recognize the lease payments in the consolidated statements of income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) on a straight-line basis over the lease terms and variable lease payments in the periods in which the obligations for those payments are incurred, if any. The lease payments under the lease arrangements are fixed.

The Company did not adopt the practical expedient that allows lessees to treat the lease and non-lease components of a lease as a single lease component. Non-lease components include payments for building management, utilities and property tax. It separates the non-lease components from the lease components to which they relate.

The Company evaluates the impairment of its right-of-use assets consistent with the approach applied for its other long-lived assets. The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on its ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows of the related operations. The Company has elected to include the carrying amount of operating lease liabilities in any tested asset group and include the associated lease payments in the undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, the Company did not have any impairment loss against its operating lease right-of-use assets.

Employee Benefits

All salaried employees of the Company in Hong Kong are enrolled in a Mandatory Provident Fund Scheme (“MPF scheme”) scheme under the Hong Kong Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance, within two months of employment. The MPF scheme is a defined contribution retirement plan administered by an independent trustee. The Company makes regular contributions of 5% of the employee’s relevant income to the MPF scheme, subject to a maximum of HKD1,500 per month. Contributions to the plan vest immediately. The Company recorded MPF expenses of HKD185,000 and HKD202,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period including the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing authorities.

The provisions of ASC 740-10-25, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”, prescribe a more-likely-than-not threshold for consolidated financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken (or expected to be taken) in a tax return. This interpretation also provides guidance on the recognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and related disclosures. The Company did not accrue any liability, interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions in its provision for income taxes line of its consolidated statements of income and other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. The Company does not expect that its assessment regarding unrecognized tax positions will materially change over the next 12 months.

F-14

Earnings per share

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share”. ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average ordinary share outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of the potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, there were no dilutive shares.

Recent accounting pronouncements

The Company is an “emerging growth company” (“EGC”) as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, EGC can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies.

In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, which is an update to ASU Update No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which introduced the expected credit losses methodology for the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost basis, replacing the previous incurred loss methodology. The amendments in Update 2016-13 added Topic 326, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses, and made several consequential amendments to the Codification. Update 2016-13 also modified the accounting for available-for-sale debt securities, which must be individually assessed for credit losses when fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, in accordance with Subtopic 326-30, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - Available-for-Sale Debt Securities. The amendments in this Update address those stakeholders’ concerns by providing an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for certain financial assets previously measured at amortized cost basis. For those entities, the targeted transition relief will increase comparability of financial statement information by providing an option to align measurement methodologies for similar financial assets. Furthermore, the targeted transition relief also may reduce the costs for some entities to comply with the amendments in Update 2016-13 while still providing financial statement users with decision-useful information. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10, which to update the effective date of ASU No. 2016-02 for private companies, not-for-profit organizations and certain smaller reporting companies applying for credit losses, leases, and hedging standard. The new effective date for these preparers is for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company has early adopted this update on January 1, 2021.

In October 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-10, “Codification Improvements to Subtopic 205-10, presentation of financial statements”. The amendments in this Update improve the codification by ensuring that all guidance that requires or provides an option for an entity to provide information in the notes to financial statements is codified in the disclosure section of the codification. That reduce the likelihood that the disclosure requirement would be missed. The amendments also clarify guidance so that an entity can apply the guidance more consistently. ASU 2020-10 is effective for the Company for annual and interim reporting periods beginning January 1, 2022. Early application of the amendments is permitted for any annual or interim period for which financial statements are available to be issued. The amendments in this Update should be applied retrospectively. An entity should apply the amendments at the beginning of the period that includes the adoption date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Except as mentioned above, the Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) and statements of cash flows.

F-15

3.	SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company has two reportable segments: securities related services and asset management services. Segments were identified based on the Company’s internal reporting and how the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) assesses the performance of the business. The securities related services segment generated commission by offering securities dealing and brokerage services, securities underwriting and placing services and other financing services. The asset management services segment generated asset management fee by providing asset management services and investment advisory services. All assets of the Company are located in Hong Kong and all revenues are generated in Hong Kong.

Key financial performance measures of the segments are as follows:

Year ended December 31, 2021

	Securities related services segment			Asset management services segment			Corporate			Total
	HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000

Revenues:
Revenues – excluding interest income		34,944			2,897			-			37,841
Revenues – interest income		5,154			-			-			5,154
Total revenues		40,098			2,897			-			42,995

Expenses:
Compensation and benefits		-			-			(6,925	)		(6,925	)
Advertising and marketing		-			-			(4,500	)		(4,500	)
Depreciation		-			-			(302	)		(302	)
General and administrative		(3,280	)		(1,173	)		(1,373	)		(5,826	)
Total expenses		(3,280	)		(1,173	)		(13,100	)		(17,553	)

Other income – interest income		1			-			-			1
Other income		267			-			-			267
Total other income		268			-			-			268

Income (loss) before income taxes		37,086			1,724			(13,100	)		25,710

Total assets		117,172			6,956			1,210			125,338
Total liabilities		(13,176	)		(848	)		(5,841	)		(19,865	)

Net assets (liabilities)		103,996			6,108			(4,631	)		105,473

Year ended December 31, 2022

	Securities related services segment			Asset management services segment			Corporate			Total
	HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000
Revenues:
Revenues – excluding interest income		5,688			6,599			-			12,287
Revenues – interest income		6,990			-			-			6,990
Total revenues		12,678			6,599			-			19,277

Expenses:
Compensation and benefits		-			-			(8,732	)		(8,732	)
Commission		(458	)		(3,522	)		-			(3,980	)
Depreciation		-			-			(33	)		(33	)
General and administrative		(4,061	)		(445	)		(3,063	)		(7,569	)
Total expenses		(4,519	)		(3,967	)		(11,828	)		(20,314	)

Other income – interest income		17			-			-			17
Other income		364			44			-			408
Total other income		381			44			-			425

Income (loss) before income taxes		8,540			2,676			(11,828	)		(612	)

Total assets		107,613			9,464			6,337			123,414
Total liabilities		(37,634	)		(3,356	)		(2,346	)		(43,336	)

Net assets (liabilities)		69,979			6,108			(3,991	)		80,078

F-16

4.	FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES

Financial assets and financial liabilities not measured at fair value

The following table presents information about the carrying value, fair value, and fair value hierarchy category of financial assets and liabilities that are not recorded at fair value in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Because of their being short term in nature, management believes these financial assets and liabilities’ carrying values approximate their fair value.

	As of December 31, 2021
	Carrying value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Financial assets not measured at fair value
Cash and cash equivalents		12,611		12,611		-		-
Cash segregated for regulatory purpose		4,164		4,164		-		-
Loans to customers		63,209		-		63,209		-
Loans to customers - related parties		8,685		-		8,685		-
Receivables:
Customers		3,079		-		3,079		-
Broker-dealers		341		-		341		-
Amount due from related parties		30,398		-		30,398		-
Total financial assets not measured at fair value		122,487		16,775		105,712		-

	As of December 31, 2021
	Carrying value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Financial liabilities not measured at fair value
Payables to:
Customers		4,573		-		4,573		-
Customers - related parties		730		-		730		-
Clearing organizations		2,435		-		2,435		-
Lease liabilities		1,172		-		1,172		-
Total financial liabilities not measured at fair value		8,910		-		8,910		-

	As of December 31, 2022
	Carrying value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Financial assets not measured at fair value
Cash and cash equivalents		12,694		12,694		-		-
Cash segregated for regulatory purpose		34,830		34,830		-		-
Loans to customers		54,084		-		54,084		-
Loans to customers - related parties		2,441		-		2,441		-
Receivables:
Customers		1,709		-		1,709		-
Customers - related parties		2,002		-		2,002		-
Broker-dealers		499		-		499		-
Amount due from related parties		7,211		-		7,211		-
Total financial assets not measured at fair value		115,470		47,524		67,946		-

F-17

	As of December 31, 2022
	Carrying value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Financial liabilities not measured at fair value
Payables to:								-
Customers		14,732		-		14,732		-
Customers - related parties		20,062		-		20,062		-
Clearing organizations		407		-		407		-
Lease liabilities		1,223		-		1,223		-
Total financial liabilities not measured at fair value		36,424		-		36,424		-

There was no transfer between any levels during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022.

5.	PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net, consists of the following:

	As of December 31,
	2021			2022
	HKD’000			HKD’000

Leasehold improvements		2,260			2,260
Office equipment		531			531
Sub-total		2,791			2,791
Less: accumulated depreciation		(2,753	)		(2,786	)
Property and equipment, net		38			5

Depreciation expenses were approximately HKD302,000 and HKD33,000 and for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

6.	RIGHT OF USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES

The Company is a lessee of non-cancellable operating leases for the corporate office in Hong Kong. The Company’s ROU assets and operating lease liabilities recognized in the consolidated balances sheets consist of the following:

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Operating lease ROU assets		1,172		2,243

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Operating lease liabilities
Current portion		1,172		1,223
Non-current portion		-		1,123
Total		1,172		2,346

F-18

	As of December 31,
	2021			2022
Operating leases:
Weighted average remaining lease term (years)		1			2
Weighted average discount rate		5.25	%		5.25	%

During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, the Company incurred lease expenses of approximately HKD1,440,000 and HKD1,398,000, respectively.

The maturity analysis of the Company’s non-cancelable operating lease obligations as of December 31, 2022 is as follows:

	Operating leases
	HKD’000

Year ending December 31, 2023		1,314
Year ending December 31, 2024		1,150
Total undiscounted lease obligations		2,464
Less: imputed interest		(118	)
Lease liabilities recognized in the consolidated balance sheet		2,346

7.	LOANS to customers

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Margin loans		71,894		56,525
Total		71,894		56,525

8.	RECEIVABLES FROM CUTOMERS AND BROKER-DEALERS

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Interest receivables		598		548
Amounts due on brokerage transaction		2,441		819
Asset management and advisory fee receivables		40		2,344
Receivables from broker-dealers		341		499
Total		3,420		4,210

9.	PREPAID EXPENSES AND other CURRENT assets

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Prepaid expenses		105		76
Deferred IPO costs		-		4,089
Others		402		388
Total		507		4,553

10.

accruals and other current liabilities

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Accrued payroll and welfare expenses		669		252
Accrued advertising and promotion expenses		4,000		1,000
Accrued audit fee		-		938
Other accruals and payables		549		99
Total		5,218		2,289

F-19

11.

DISAGGREGATED REVENUE

The following is the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers that are recognized at a point in time, in accordance with ASC Topic 606, by major transactional based services:

	For the years ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Securities brokerage services
Securities brokerage commission income		710		1,750
Securities brokerage handling fee		1,206		162
		1,916		1,912

Underwriting and placing services
Underwriting commission income		7		-
Placing commission income		33,021		3,776
		33,028		3,776
Asset management services		-		-
Fund subscription fee		-		756

Total revenues recognized at a point in time		34,944		6,444

The following is the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers for services recognized over a period of time in accordance with ASC Topic 606, by major service type:

	For the years ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Interest income
Margin financing		4,818		6,990
IPO financing		336		-
		5,154		6,990

Asset management services
Management fee income		2,897		5,843

Total revenues recognized over a period of time		8,051		12,833

12.

INCOME TAX EXPENSE

Cayman Islands and British Virgin Islands

The Company and its subsidiaries, Plutus IH Group and Plutus IH Int’l are domiciled in the Cayman Islands and the British Virgin Islands, respectively. Both localities currently enjoy permanent income tax holidays; accordingly, the Company, Plutus IH Group and Plutus IH Int’l do not accrue income taxes.

Hong Kong

Under the Inland Revenue Ordinance of Hong Kong, only profits arising in or derived from Hong Kong are chargeable to Hong Kong profits tax, whereas the residence of a taxpayer is not relevant. Therefore, the Company’s operating subsidiaries, namely Plutus Securities and Plutus AM, are generally subject to Hong Kong income tax on its taxable income derived from the trade or businesses carried out by them in Hong Kong.

The income tax provision consists of the following components:

	For the years ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Current tax		4,209		317
Deferred tax		28		15
Total		4,237		332

F-20

A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes determined at the Hong Kong statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate is as follows:

	For the years ended December 31,
	2021			2022
	HKD’000			HKD’000
Income (loss) before income taxes		25,710			(612	)

Tax at Hong Kong statutory tax rate of 16.5%		4,242			(101	)
Reconciling items:
Tax effect of temporary difference		14			99
Tax effect of non-taxable income		(27	)		(55	)
Tax effect of unrecognized tax losses		8			389
Income tax expense		4,237			332

Deferred tax

Significant components of deferred tax were as follows:

	Property and equipment			Tax losses			Total
	HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000
As of January 1, 2021		323			34			357
Recognized in statements of income (loss)		6			(34	)		(28	)

As of December 31, 2021		329			-			329
Recognized in statements of income (loss)		(15	)		-			(15	)

As of December 31, 2022		314			-			314

Management considers future taxable income, including the impacts of reversing taxable temporary differences and future forecasted income when evaluating whatever deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realized prior to expiration.

13.

RELATED PARTY BALANCE AND TRANSACTIONS

Nature of relationships with related parties

Name		Relationship
Mr. Zhao		Chairman and Executive Director of the Company
Mr. Ting Kin Cheung (“Mr. Cheung”)		Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director of the Company
Mr. Chin Hung Wong (“Mr. Wong”)*		Former Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus AM
Mr. Wie Hon Tan (“Mr. Tan”)		Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus AM
Aurum Hill Limited		Entity controlled by management of the Company
Plutus Guardians Fund SPC (“Fund SPC”) and its subsidiaries		Entity of which Plutus AM holds management share

* Mr. Wong resigned as Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus AM in April 2022.

F-21

Balances with related parties

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Loans to customers:
Mr. Cheung		6,080		2,441
Mr. Wong		956		-
Mr. Tan		156		-
Aurum Hill Limited		1,493		-

Receivables from customers:
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		-		2,002

Payable to customers:
Mr. Zhao		709		-
Mr. Cheung		21		24
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		-		20,038

Amounts due from related parties:
Mr. Zhao		29,749		6,322
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		649		889

Transactions with related parties

	For the years ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Asset management fee:
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		-		3,120

Interest income:
Mr. Cheung		321		449
Mr. Wong		39		13
Mr. Tan		5		2
Aurum Hill Limited		225		101

Amounts due from related parties and to a related party are unsecured, non-interest bearing of which no interest income was recognized on the funds advanced, and repayable on demand. These balances are non-trade in nature. The amount due from Mr. Zhao, the ultimate controlling shareholder of the Company, will be settled by cash repayment from Mr. Zhao upon listing. As of 30 May 2023, there is no subsequent advance to or repayment from Mr. Zhao.

Remuneration to senior management for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 were:

	For the years ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Salaries and other short term employee benefits		3,330		5,138
Payments to defined contribution pension schemes		53		67
Total		3,383		5,205

F-22

14.

REGULATORY REQUIREMENtS

The following table illustrates the minimum regulatory capital as established by the SFC that the Company’s subsidiaries are required to maintain as of December 31, 2021 and 2022 and the actual amounts of capital that were maintained:

	As of December 31, 2021
	Minimum regulatory capital requirement		Capital levels maintained		Excess net capital		Percent of requirement maintained
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000

Plutus Securities		3,000		50,838		47,838		1,695	%
Plutus AM		3,000		4,798		1,798		160	%
Total		6,000		55,636		49,636		927	%

	As of December 31, 2022
	Minimum regulatory capital requirement		Capital levels maintained		Excess net capital		Percent of requirement maintained
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000

Plutus Securities		3,000		41,150		38,150		1,372	%
Plutus AM		3,000		5,224		2,224		174	%
Total		6,000		46,374		40,374		773	%

The Company’s operation subsidiary maintains capital levels greater than the minimum regulatory capital requirements and it is in compliance with the minimum regulatory capital established by the HKSFC.

15.

CONCENTRATIONS AND RISKS

Credit Risk

Cash segregated for regulatory purpose is deposited in financial institutions as required by the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Ordinance. These financial institutions are of sound credit ratings and hence management believes that there is no significant credit risk related to cash held for regulatory purpose.

The Company’s securities trading activities are transacted on either a cash or margin basis. The Company’s credit risk is limited because substantially all of the contracts entered into are settled directly at securities clearing organizations. In margin transactions, the Company extends credit to customers subject to various regulatory and internal margin requirements, collateralized by cash and securities in the customers’ account. IPO loans are exposed to credit risk from customers who fail to repay the loans upon IPO share allotment. The Company monitors the customers’ collateral level and has the right to dispose of the newly allotted shares once the shares first start trading.

In connection with its clearing activities, the Company is obligated to settle transactions with brokers and other financial institutions even if its customers fail to meet their obligations to the Company. Customers are required to complete their transactions by the settlement date, generally two business days after the trade date. If customers do not fulfil their contractual obligations, the Company may incur losses. The Company has established procedures to reduce this risk by generally requiring customers to deposit sufficient cash and/or securities into their account prior to placing an order.

Concentrations of credit risk

The Company’s exposure to credit risk associated with its brokerage and other activities is measured on an individual counterparty basis, as well as by groups of counterparties that share similar attributes.

The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue:

	For the years ended December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Customer A		12,496		-
Customer B		10,725		-
Customer C		9,360		-
Customer D		-		2,391
Customer E		-		3,120

F-23

The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represented 10% or more of the Company’s loans to customers and receivables from customers:

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Customer F		9,255		8,652
Customer G		15,752		*

*Less than 10%

The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represented 10% or more of the Company’s payables to customers:

	As of December 31,
	2021		2022
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Customer H		1,309		*
Customer I		1,290		*
Customer J		1,110		*
Customer K		-		7,357
Customer L		-		3,612
Customer M		-		20,038

*Less than 10%

The disclosure of customers represents separate and distinct customers and there are no customers listed that also comprise a significant percentage of either the Company’s revenues or receivables or payables for any year or period presented.

Currency Risk

Currency risk arises from the possibility that fluctuations in foreign exchange rates will impact the financial instruments. The Company is not exposed to significant transactional foreign currency risk since almost all of its transactions, assets and liabilities are denominated in HKD.

16.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Contingencies

In the ordinary course of business, the Company may be subject to legal proceedings regarding contractual and employment relationships and a variety of other matters. The Company records contingent liabilities resulting from such claims, when a loss is assessed to be probable, and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. In the opinion of management, there were no pending or threatened claims and litigation as of December 31, 2022 and through the issuance date of these consolidated financial statements.

17.

DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTION

On August 30, 2022, the Company distributed HKD24,451,000 through reduction in amount due from Mr. Zhao.

F-24

18.

RESTATEMENT

The Company has discovered errors in the accounting treatment of its revenue recognition and expenses on the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2021, as previously reported. The Company has restated its consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2021 in accordance with ASC 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections.

The following issues have been identified and corrected:

(a)

Accounting treatment for commissions paid to external brokers

Commission expense of HK$1,311,000 paid to external brokers and commission income of HK$1,311,000 received from IPO securities issuers were previously reported on a gross basis. External brokers requested that the Company arrange IPO subscription for the external brokers’ customers on behalf of the external brokers. Under this arrangement, the Company acted as an agent to provide securities brokerage services to the external brokers for IPO subscriptions and agreed to remit to the external brokers any rebates from IPO securities issuers for successful allocation of IPO shares. The Company previously misclassified rebates as commission income in the statements of income and comprehensive income. The Company believes that the rebates pass-through the Company from the securities issuers to the external brokers. These amounts have no impact on the income statement because rebates are neither income nor expense for the Company and are unrelated to the Company’s operations. Under the arrangement, the Company only received IPO subscription handling fee from external brokers.

Therefore, rebates received (which are included in commission income) and commission expense should be presented net. The commission expense is revised to reflect the revenue net of commission income. There was no other impact on the consolidated financial statements saved as above.

(b)

Change in description of variable consideration in accounting policies in securities brokerage, underwriting and placing services

The Company has previously erroneously disclosed that there is no variable consideration in the transaction price of securities brokerage, underwriting and placing services. It is determined that there is variable consideration in the transaction price for securities brokerage, underwriting, and placing services. No quantitative adjustment was made because the identified variable consideration has no impact on the timing of revenue recognition or amount of revenue recognized.

(c)

Change in disclosure of principal or agent in underwriting services

The Company has previously erroneously disclosed that the Company acted as an agent in underwriting services. The Company is obligated to take up the unsubscribed shares up to the maximum underwriting commitment in the event of undersubscription of the offered securities as stated in the contract. No quantitative adjustment was made, as the amount of revenue recognized would be the same on a gross or net basis because the Company did not incur direct costs such as legal fees, traveling, marketing, and other expenses related to underwriting revenue. There is no balance sheet impact from the change to underwriting activity to principal conclusion.

The impact of the restatement on the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income as previously reported is summarized below:

	For the year ended December 31, 2021
	As previously reported		Adjustment			Restated
	HKD’000		HKD’000			HKD’000
Revenues:
Securities brokerage commission		2,021		(1,311	)		710
Total revenues		44,306		(1,311	)		42,995
Expenses:
Commission expenses		1,378		(1,378	)		-
Compensation and benefits		6,858		67			6,925
Total expenses		18,864		(1,311	)		17,553

19.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company has assessed all events from December 31, 2022, up through July 3, 2023, which is the date of these consolidated financial statements are available to be issued. There are no other material subsequent events that require disclosure in these consolidated financial statements.

F-25

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To:	The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
	Plutus Financial Group Limited

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information

We have reviewed the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheet of Plutus Financial Group Limited and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2023, and the related unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of (loss) income and comprehensive (loss) income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements”). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2022, and the related statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated July 3, 2023, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the balance sheet from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results

These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

WWC, P.C.

Certified Public Accountants

PCAOB ID No. 1171

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2022.

San Mateo, California

December 8, 2023

F-26

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND JUNE 30, 2023
(Amount in thousands, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000		US$’000
	(Audited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		12,694		24,972		3,187
Cash segregated for regulatory purpose		34,830		42,954		5,481
Loans to customers, net of allowance of nil and HKD807,000 as of December 31, 2022 and Jun 30, 2023, respectively		54,084		38,064		4,857
Loans to customers - related parties, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023		2,441		2,751		351
Receivables from:
Customers, net of allowance of nil and HKD68,000 as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023, respectively		1,709		3,177		406
Customers - related parties, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023		2,002		1,079		138
Broker-dealers, net of allowance of nil as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023		499		350		45
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		4,553		6,063		774
Amount due from related parties		7,211		7,289		930
Total current assets		120,023		126,699		16,169

Non-current assets:
Property and equipment, net		5		12		2
Right-of-use assets		2,243		1,668		213
Intangible asset, net		600		600		77
Deferred tax assets		314		306		39
Refundable deposit		229		229		29
Total non-current assets		3,391		2,815		360
TOTAL ASSETS		123,414		129,514		16,529

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Payables to:
Customers		14,732		23,335		2,978
Customers - related parties		20,062		19,628		2,505
Clearing organizations		407		1,889		241
Accruals and other current liabilities		2,289		1,070		138
Accrued commission expense		2,999		-		-
Lease liabilities - current		1,223		1,301		166
Income taxes payable		501		904		116
Total current liabilities		42,213		48,127		6,144

Non-current liabilities:
Lease liabilities - non-current		1,123		455		58
Total non-current liabilities		1,123		455		58
TOTAL LIABILITIES		43,336		48,582		6,202

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Shareholders’ equity
Preferred shares US$0.0001 par value per share; 3,000,000 authorized; nil share issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023 Ordinary shares US$0.0001 par value per share; 300,000,000 authorized; 12,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023		9		9		1
Additional paid-in capital		76,477		76,477		9,759
Retained earnings		3,592		4,446		567
Total shareholders’ equity		80,078		80,932		10,327

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY		123,414		129,514		16,529

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

F-27

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF (LOSS) INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2022 AND 2023
(Amount in thousands, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022			2023		2023
	HKD’000			HKD’000		US$’000

Revenues:
Securities brokerage commission		808			2,809		358
Securities brokerage handling fee		43			158		20
Underwriting and placing services fee		1,388			921		118
Asset management fee		3,167			1,488		190
Interest income		3,478			3,338		426
Total revenues		8,884			8,714		1,112

Expenses:
Compensation and benefits		4,604			3,515		449
Commission expense		1,346			722		92
Depreciation		27			4		1
General and administrative		3,455			3,311		423
Total expenses		9,432			7,552		965

(Loss) income from operations		(548	)		1,162		147

Other income:
Government subsidies		106			-		-
Interest income		1			67		8
Gain on foreign exchange		-			31		4
Others		-			7		1
Total other income		107			105		13

(Loss) income before income taxes		(441	)		1,267		160

Income tax expense		149			413		53

Net (loss) income and total comprehensive (loss) income		(590	)		854		107

Net (loss) earnings per share attributable to ordinary shareholders
Basic and diluted		(0.05	)		0.07		0.01
Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in computing net (loss) earnings per share
Basic and diluted		12,000,000			12,000,000		12,000,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

F-28

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2022 AND 2023
(Amount in thousands, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)

	Ordinary shares				Additional paid-in		Retained			Total shareholders’
	No. of shares*		Amount		capital		earnings			equity
				HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000			HKD’000

Balance as of January 1, 2022		12,000,000		9		76,477		28,987			105,473
Net loss		-		-		-		(590	)		(590	)

Balance as of June 30, 2022		12,000,000		9		76,477		28,397			104,883

Balance as of January 1, 2023		12,000,000		9		76,477		3,592			80,078
Net income		-		-		-		854			854

Balance as of June 30, 2023		12,000,000		9		76,477		4,446			80,932

*	Giving retroactive effect to the issuance of ordinary share on July 15, 2022 which are detailed in Note 1.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

F-29

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2022 AND 2023
(Amount in thousands, except for share and per share data, or otherwise noted)

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022			2023			2023
	HKD’000			HKD’000			US$’000
Cash flows from operating activities
Net (loss) income		(590	)		854			107
Adjustment:
Depreciation		27			4			1
Allowance for expected credit loss		-			875			112
Deferred income tax expense		8			8			1
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Loans to customers		10,349			14,903			1,902
Receivables from customers and broker-dealers		(6,034	)		(464	)		(59	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(2,238	)		(1,510	)		(193	)
Payables to customers and clearing organizations		25,347			9,651			1,232
Accruals and other current liabilities		1,443			(1,219	)		(154	)
Accrued commission expenses		-			(2,999	)		(383	)
Income taxes payable		(3,868	)		403			51
Lease liabilities		-			(15	)		(2	)
Cash provided by operating activities		24,444			20,491			2,615

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property and equipment		-			(11	)		(1	)
Cash flows used in investing activities		-			(11	)		(1	)

Cash flows from financing activities
Advance to a related party		(5,013	)		(11,104	)		(1,417	)
Repayment from a related party		3,775			11,026			1,407
Cash used in financing activities		(1,238	)		(78	)		(10	)

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and cash segregated for regulatory purpose		23,206			20,402			2,604
Cash, cash equivalents and cash segregated for regulatory purpose at beginning of the period		16,775			47,524			6,064
Cash and cash equivalents and cash segregated for regulatory purpose at the end of the period		39,981			67,926			8,668

Supplementary cash flows Information
Cash paid for income taxes		-			(2	)		*

*	Less than US$1,000.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

F-30

PLUTUS FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.	ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

Details of the Company and its subsidiaries are set out in the table as follows:

	Date of		Percentage of effective ownership December 31,			Percentage of effective ownership June 30,			Place of	Principal
Name	incorporation		2022			2023			incorporation	activities
Plutus Financial Group Limited		January 12, 2022		N/A			N/A		Cayman Islands	Investment holding
Plutus Investment Holdings Group Limited		February 8, 2022		100	%		100	%	The British Virgin Islands	Investment holding
Plutus Investment Holdings International Limited		February 8, 2022		100	%		100	%	The British Virgin Islands	Investment holding
Plutus Securities Limited		April 20, 2018		100	%		100	%	Hong Kong	Securities dealings and brokerage, underwriting and placing services
Plutus Asset Management Limited		April 20, 2018		100	%		100	%	Hong Kong	Asset management
Plutus Asset Management Cayman Limited		August 30, 2018		100	%		100	%	Cayman Islands	Investment holding
One Promise Investment Immigration Consulting Limited (formerly known as “Plutus Financial Holdings Limited”)*		March 19, 2019		100	%		100	%	Hong Kong	Investment holding
Plutus Financial Holdings Limited		February 11, 2019		100	%		100	%	The British Virgin Islands	Investment holding

* Plutus Financial Holdings Limited has been renamed as One Promise Investment Immigration Consulting Limited on April 11, 2023.

F-31

Reorganization

The accompanying financial statements are presented assuming that the existing group structure was an existence at the beginning of the first period presented.

2.	SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by the U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with the U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted consistent with Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements and include all adjustments, in normal recurring nature, as necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of June 30, 2023, and results of operations and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023. The audited consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all the information and footnotes required by the U.S. GAAP. Interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or for any future period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, and related notes included in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements.

Consolidation

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All inter-company transactions, if any, and balances due to, due from, long-term investment subsidiary, and registered paid in capital have been eliminated upon consolidation.

F-32

Use of estimates

Foreign currency translation and transaction and convenience translation

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in the Hong Kong dollar (“HKD”), which is the reporting currency of the Company. HKD is also the functional currency of the Company’s operating subsidiaries.

Assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the reporting currency are translated into the reporting currency at the rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date. Translation gains and losses are recognized in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of (loss) income and comprehensive (loss) income as other comprehensive (loss) income. Transactions in currencies other than the reporting currency are measured and recorded in the reporting currency at the exchange rate prevailing on the transaction date. The cumulative gain or loss from foreign currency transactions is reflected in the consolidated statements of (loss) income and comprehensive (loss) income as other income (expense).

Translations of the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of (loss) income and consolidated statements of cash flows from HKD into US$ as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2023 are solely for the convenience of the reader and were calculated at the rate of US$1 = HKD7.8363, as published in H.10 statistical release of the United States Federal Reserve Board. No representation is made that the HKD amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into US$ at that rate on June 30, 2023.

Fair Value Measurement

●

Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices, in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

F-33

	●	Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical asset or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.

	●	Level 3 applies to asset or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Related parties

The Company adopted ASC 850, Related Party Disclosures, for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and deposit placed with banks, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal and use. The Company does not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts which at times may exceed insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. Management believes that the Company is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.

Cash segregated for regulatory purpose

Pursuant to the Securities and Futures (Client Money) Rule under the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Ordinance, the Company maintains cash in segregated bank accounts with banks for the exclusive benefit of customers. The Company has classified such cash in segregated bank accounts as cash segregated for regulatory purpose under the assets section in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets and recognized the corresponding accounts payable to the respective customers under the liabilities section.

Loans to customers, net

Loans primarily include margin loans and Initial Public Offering (“IPO”) loans extended to customers, collateralized by customers’ securities and are carried at the amount receivable net of an allowance for expected credit losses. Collateral is required to be maintained at specified minimum levels at all times. The Company monitors margin levels and requires customers to provide additional collateral, or reduce margin positions, to meet minimum collateral requirements if the fair value of the collateral changes. The Company applies the practical expedient based on collateral maintenance provisions under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, in estimating an allowance for credit losses for loans. In accordance with the practical expedient, when the Company reasonably expects that borrowers (or counterparties, as applicable) will replenish the collateral as required, there is no expectation of credit losses when the collateral’s fair value is greater than the amortized cost of the financial asset. If the amortized cost exceeds the fair value of collateral, then credit losses are estimated only on the unsecured portion. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, expected credit loss expense of HKD nil and HKD807,000 resulting from the assessment of credit losses for loans at period-end, respectively.

F-34

An allowance for credit losses on unsecured or partially secured receivables from customers is estimated based on the aging of those receivables. Unsecured balances due to confirmed fraud are reserved immediately. The Company’s policy is to charge off any delinquent margin loans, including the accrued interest on such loans, no later than 90 days past due. Accrued interest charged off is recognized as credit loss expense and is included in other expenses in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of (loss) income. Customers with margin loans have agreed to allow the Company to pledge collateralized securities in accordance with applicable regulations. The collateral is not reflected in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

Receivables, net

Receivables from customers, net are stated at the original amount less an allowance for expected credit loss on such receivables. The allowance for expected credit loss is estimated based upon the assessment of various factors including historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balances, current general economic conditions, future expectations and customer specific quantitative and qualitative factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. An allowance is also made when there is objective evidence for us to reasonably estimate the amount of probable loss. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, expected credit loss expense of HKD nil and HKD68,000 resulting from the assessment of credit losses for receivables from customers at period-end, respectively.

Receivables from broker-dealers represent the receivable of trades that not withdrawn by the Company.

The Company’s policy is to net the receivables from and payables to clearing organizations that meet the offsetting requirements prescribed in ASC Topic 210-20.

Interest receivable from customers is calculated based on the contractual interest rate of margin and IPO loans and is recorded as interest income as earned.

The receivables from customers, broker-dealers and clearing organizations are viewed as past due or delinquent based on how recently payments have been received. The Company has contractual rights to receive cash on demand from customers, broker-dealers and clearing organizations. As of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023, no receivables from customers and broker-dealers are past due or delinquent based on the repayment history of customers and broker-dealers. As of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023, no receivables from clearing organizations are past due or delinquent as the receivables are normally being settled within two days after the trade execution.

Deferred IPO costs

Pursuant to ASC 340-10-S99-1, IPO costs directly attributable to an offering of equity securities are deferred and would be charged against the gross proceeds of the offering as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. These costs include legal fees related to the registration drafting and counsel, consulting fees related to the registration preparation and SEC filing costs. As of June 30, 2023, the Company recorded a charge of HKD4,089,000 related to the IPO.

Refundable deposit

As a clearing member firm of HKEx, the Company is exposed to clearing member credit risk.

F-35

Property and equipment, net

Category		Estimated useful lives
Leasehold improvements		Shorter of the lease terms or the estimated useful lives of the assets
Furniture and fixtures		3 years
Equipment		3 years

Expenditure for repair and maintenance costs, which do not materially extend the useful lives of the assets, are charged to expenses as incurred, whereas the expenditure for major renewals and betterment that substantially extends the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized as additions to the related assets. Retirements, sales and disposals of assets are recorded by removing the costs, accumulated depreciation and impairment with any resulting gain or loss recognized in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of (loss) income and other comprehensive (loss) income.

Intangible assets, net

Impairment of long-lived assets

Commitments and contingencies

Revenue recognition

F-36

The Company currently generates its revenue from the following main sources:

Securities brokerage commissions

The Company provides securities brokerage services, which include provision of trade execution and clearing services (collectively the “trade execution”), and custody services to individual customers or corporate customers (i.e., brokers). When a customer initiates a trade order through the Company, trade execution fees are recognized and accrued in individual equities on a trade-date basis, and are recognized at a point in time (trade date) when the performance obligation has been satisfied by the completion of executing of transaction services. Trade execution and clearing services are bundled into a single performance obligation as they are not separately identifiable. Trade execution and clearing services are both inputs to the combined output of security trading and the Company does not provide the two services separately. The Company acts as an agent as the Company merely arranges trading of securities between other investors in the market and the Company’s customers. The Company negotiates trade execution fee rates with customers on an individual basis and charges trade execution fees at a fixed percentage of the trading amount. As a result, there is variable consideration in the transaction price as transaction fee rates generally vary among customers and transactions. The fee is directly charged from the customer’s account when the transactions are executed. The Company provides custody services but it does not charge separate fees for custody services for securities and funds. Custody services are a necessary function in order to facilitate trade for customers. Trade execution services are priced at their standalone selling prices, it would be accounted for as a separate contract and none of the trade execution fees would be allocated to the custody services.

Securities brokerage handling fee

Handling fee income earned from providing services including IPO subscription and dividend handling services to individual customers or corporate customers (i.e., brokers). IPO subscription fee is recognized at the time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by successfully submitting IPO subscription on behalf of customers. IPO subscription handling fee is fixed per order, regardless of successful allotment, and no variable consideration in the transaction price. No handling fee is charged by the Company to customers if there is no successful execution of the related IPO subscription transaction. Dividend handling fee income is recognized at the time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by receiving dividends on behalf of customers. The transaction price includes variable consideration and is charged at a fixed percentage of the dividend collected. The dividend collected is credited to the customer’s account. The Company acts as an agent as the Company merely arranges trading of securities between other investors or securities issuers in the market and the Company’s customers. Handling fee income is directly charged from the customer’s account when the transactions are executed. The Company receives no fees from other investors in the market or securities issuers in the handling fee types of transactions.

Underwriting and placing services

The underwriting service is distinct and is identified as one performance obligation. Underwriting commission income is recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by the completion of provision of underwriting services under the respective engagement terms, which is typically at the closing of the transaction. The customer of the Company is the securities issuer. The Company acts as a principal in underwriting services to raise capital for the securities issuer, who issues or proposes to issue any securities, as the Company is obligated to take up unsubscribed securities up to underwriting commitment, an agreed maximum number of securities to underwrite. The Company is primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified good or service to customers. The Company has inventory risk before or after the specified good or service has been transferred to a customer. Even though the Company has no discretion in setting prices to customers, the Company is a principal in underwriting services considering the indicators of primary responsibility and inventory risk outweighed the indicators of pricing discretion. The contractual payment terms are typically due no more than 30 days from invoicing.

F-37

The placing service is distinct and is identified as one performance obligation. Placing commission income is recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation has been satisfied by the completion of provision of placing services under the respective engagement terms, which is typically at the closing of the transaction. The customer of the Company is the securities issuers. The placing commitment, as stated in the placing agreement with securities issuers, is that the Company is an agent to provide placing services by using its reasonable best efforts to procure potential subscribers to subscribe the funds raised by securities issuers. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the securities if the subscribers do not subscribe to any or all the securities. The Company is not primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified good or service to customers. The Company has no inventory risk before or after the specified good or service has been transferred to a customer. The Company has no discretion in setting prices to customers. The contractual payment terms are typically due no more than 30 days from invoicing.

Underwriting and placing commission income are generally charged at fixed rate with reference to size of funds raised in the transaction, subject to determination of securities issuers and the transaction price includes variable consideration. The contractual payment terms are typically due no more than 30 days from invoicing. The Company does not receive or is not entitled to any compensation if the related underwriting and placing transaction are not completed.

Asset management and advisory fee

Revenue from asset management and advisory services is primarily in connection with (i) services as an investment manager or an advisor from funds or investments; and (ii) fund subscription services to customers. The Company rendered management and advisory services to individual customers as a principal which are recorded over the period of service provided. Asset management and advisory service fee is charged by the Company to funds monthly and collected directly out of custodial accounts. The Company acts as a principal to provide investment and advisory services to individual customers and charges customers asset management and advisory fee at fixed amount or fixed percentage of asset value under management in accordance with the agreement. There is variable consideration in the transaction price if the fee is charged at a fixed percentage of asset values. The fee is due and paid within the specified terms of payment.

Interest income

The Company earns interest income primarily from its margin and IPO financing offered by the Company to customers. Revenue is recognized over the period that the margin loans and IPO financing are outstanding. The Company offers margin loans to individual customers as a principal with its own funding. There is variable consideration in the transaction price as interest income is directly charged at a fixed percentage over the financing amount from the customer’s account monthly or when customers repay the principal amount of margin.

There were no contract assets or contract liabilities balances as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023.

Other income

Interest income is mainly generated from savings and time deposits and is recognized on an accrual basis using the effective interest method.

Government grants

Government grants are not recognized until there is a reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants will be received.

F-38

During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, the Company recognized government grants of approximately HKD106,000 and HKD nil, respectively, in other income.

Advertising and marketing expenses

Advertising and marketing expenses mainly consist of advertising, promotion and marketing expenses.

Commission expenses

Commission expenses represents the expense accrued for the successful introduction of investors to investment funds by external agents and internal staff.

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses mainly consist of staff cost, lease expense, office supplies and upkeep expenses, legal and professional fees, allowance for expected credit loss, and other miscellaneous administrative expenses.

Operating leases

The Company may recognize the lease payments in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of (loss) income and other comprehensive (loss) income on a straight-line basis over the lease terms and variable lease payments in the periods in which the obligations for those payments are incurred, if any. The lease payments under the lease arrangements are fixed.

The Company evaluates the impairment of its right-of-use assets consistent with the approach applied for its other long-lived assets. The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on its ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows of the related operations. The Company has elected to include the carrying amount of operating lease liabilities in any tested asset group and include the associated lease payments in the undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, the Company did not have any impairment loss against its operating lease right-of-use assets.

Employee Benefits

All salaried employees of the Company in Hong Kong are enrolled in a Mandatory Provident Fund Scheme (“MPF scheme”) scheme under the Hong Kong Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance, within two months of employment. The MPF scheme is a defined contribution retirement plan administered by an independent trustee. The Company makes regular contributions of 5% of the employee’s relevant income to the MPF scheme, subject to a maximum of HKD1,500 per month. Contributions to the plan vest immediately. The Company recorded MPF expenses of HKD90,000 and HKD96,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

F-39

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the periods in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period including the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing authorities.

The provisions of ASC 740-10-25, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”, prescribe a more-likely-than-not threshold for unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken (or expected to be taken) in a tax return. This interpretation also provides guidance on the recognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and related disclosures. The Company did not accrue any liability, interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions in its provision for income taxes line of its unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of (loss) income and other comprehensive (loss) income for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The Company does not expect that its assessment regarding unrecognized tax positions will materially change over the next 12 months.

Earnings per share

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share”. ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average ordinary share outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of the potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, there were no dilutive shares.

Recent accounting pronouncements

F-40

In October 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-10, “Codification Improvements to Subtopic 205-10, presentation of financial statements”. The amendments in this Update improve the codification by ensuring that all guidance that requires or provides an option for an entity to provide information in the notes to financial statements is codified in the disclosure section of the codification. That reduce the likelihood that the disclosure requirement would be missed. The amendments also clarify guidance so that an entity can apply the guidance more consistently. ASU 2020-10 is effective for the Company for annual and interim reporting periods beginning January 1, 2022. Early application of the amendments is permitted for any annual or interim period for which financial statements are available to be issued. The amendments in this Update should be applied retrospectively. An entity should apply the amendments at the beginning of the period that includes the adoption date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). ASU No. 2021-01 is an update of ASU No. 2020-04, which is in response to concerns about structural risks of interbank offered rates, and particularly the risk of cessation of LIBOR. Regulators have undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify alternative reference rates that are more observable or transaction based and less susceptible to manipulation. ASU No. 2020-04 provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. ASU No. 2020-04 is elective and applies to all entities, subject to meeting certain criteria, that have contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The ASU No. 2021-01 update clarifies that certain optional expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 for contract modifications and hedge accounting apply to derivatives that are affected by the discounting transition. The amendments in this update are effective immediately through December 31, 2022, for all entities. On December 21, 2022, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standards Update ASU No. 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848, that extends the sunset (or expiration) date of ASC Topic 848 to December 31, 2024. This gives reporting entities two additional years to apply the accounting relief provided under ASC Topic 848 for matters related to reference rate reform. The Company does not expect the cessation of LIBOR to have a material impact on the financial position, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.

In September 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-04, Liabilities — Supplier Finance Programs (Subtopic 450-50) which requires entities that use supplier finance programs in connection with the purchase of goods and services to disclose the key terms of the programs and information about obligations outstanding at the end of the reporting period, including a rollforward of those obligations. The new standard does not affect the recognition, measurement or financial statement presentation of supplier finance program obligations. The standard’s requirement to disclose the key terms of the programs and information about obligations outstanding is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The standard’s requirement to disclose a rollforward of obligations outstanding will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this standard on the consolidated financial statements.

Except as mentioned above, the Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets, statements of (loss) income and comprehensive (loss) income and statements of cash flows.

3.	SEGMENT INFORMATION

Key financial performance measures of the segments are as follows:

Six months ended June 30, 2022

	Securities related services segment			Asset management services segment			Corporate			Total
		HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000

Revenues:
Revenues – excluding interest income		2,239			3,167			-			5,406
Revenues – interest income		3,478			-			-			3,478
Total revenues		5,717			3,167			-			8,884

Expenses:
Compensation and benefits		-			-			(4,604	)		(4,604	)
Commission		(45	)		(1,301	)		-			(1,346	)
Depreciation		-			-			(27	)		(27	)
General and administrative		(2,543	)		(214	)		(698	)		(3,455	)
Total expenses		(2,588	)		(1,515	)		(5,329	)		(9,432	)

Other income – interest income		1			-			-			1
Other income		90			16			-			106
Total other income		91			16			-			107

Income (loss) before income taxes		3,220			1,668			(5,329	)		(441	)

Total assets		138,841			7,647			485			146,973
Total liabilities		(36,139	)		(1,389	)		(4,562	)		(42,090	)

Net assets (liabilities)		102,702			6,258			(4,077	)		104,883

Six months ended June 30, 2023

	Securities related services segment			Asset management services segment			Corporate			Total
	HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000			HKD’000
Revenues:
Revenues – excluding interest income		3,888			1,488			-			5,376
Revenues – interest income		3,338			-			-			3,338
Total revenues		7,226			1,488			-			8,714

Expenses:
Compensation and benefits		-			-			(3,515	)		(3,515	)
Commission		-			(722	)		-			(722	)
Depreciation		-			-			(4	)		(4	)
General and administrative		(2,475	)		(259	)		(577	)		(3,311	)
Total expenses		(2,475	)		(981	)		(4,096	)		(7,552	)

Other income – interest income		65			2			-			67
Other income		38			-			-			38
Total other income		103			2			-			105

Income (loss) before income taxes		4,854			509			(4,096	)		1,267

Total assets		120,208			7,627			1,679			129,514
Total liabilities		(41,627	)		(1,112	)		(5,843	)		(48,582	)

Net assets (liabilities)		78,581			6,515			(4,164	)		80,932

F-41

4.	FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES

Financial assets and financial liabilities not measured at fair value

The following table presents information about the carrying value, fair value, and fair value hierarchy category of financial assets and liabilities that are not recorded at fair value in the Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. Because of their being short term in nature, management believes these financial assets and liabilities’ carrying values approximate their fair value.

	As of December 31, 2022
	Carrying value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Financial assets not measured at fair value
Cash and cash equivalents		12,694		12,694		-		-
Cash segregated for regulatory purpose		34,830		34,830		-		-
Loans to customers		54,084		-		54,084		-
Loans to customers – related parties		2,441		-		2,441		-
Receivables:
Customers		1,709		-		1,709		-
Customers – related parties		2,002		-		2,002		-
Broker-dealers		499		-		499		-
Amount due from related parties		7,211		-		7,211		-
Total financial assets not measured at fair value		115,470		47,524		67,946		-

	As of December 31, 2022
	Carrying value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Financial liabilities not measured at fair value
Payables to:								-
Customers		14,732		-		14,732		-
Customers - related parties		20,062		-		20,062		-
Clearing organizations		407		-		407		-
Lease liabilities		1,223		-		1,223		-
Total financial liabilities not measured at fair value		36,424		-		36,424		-

	As of June 30, 2023
	Carrying value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Financial assets not measured at fair value
Cash and cash equivalents		24,972		24,972		-		-
Cash segregated for regulatory purpose		42,954		42,954		-		-
Loans to customers		38,064		-		38,064		-
Loans to customers – related parties		2,751		-		2,751		-
Receivables:
Customers		3,177		-		3,177		-
Customers – related parties		1,079		-		1,079		-
Broker-dealers		350		-		350		-
Amount due from related parties		7,289		-		7,289		-
Total financial assets not measured at fair value		120,636		67,926		52,710		-

	As of June 30, 2023
	Carrying value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000
Financial liabilities not measured at fair value
Payables to:
Customers		23,335		-		23,335		-
Customers – related parties		19,628		-		19,628		-
Clearing organizations		1,889		-		1,889		-
Lease liabilities		1,301		-		1,301		-
Total financial liabilities not measured at fair value		46,153		-		46,153		-

F-42

There was no transfer between any levels during the year ended December 31, 2022 and the six months ended June 30, 2023.

5.	PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net, consists of the following:

	As of December 31, 2022			As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000			HKD’000

Leasehold improvements		2,260			2,260
Office equipment		531			542
Sub-total		2,791			2,802
Less: accumulated depreciation		(2,786	)		(2,790	)
Property and equipment, net		5			12

Depreciation expenses were approximately HKD27,000 and HKD4,000 and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

6.	RIGHT OF USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES

The Company is a lessee of non-cancellable operating leases for the corporate office in Hong Kong. The Company’s ROU assets and operating lease liabilities recognized in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balances sheets consist of the following:

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
		HKD’000		HKD’000

Operating lease ROU assets		2,243		1,668

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Operating lease liabilities
Current portion		1,223		1,301
Non-current portion		1,123		455
Total		2,346		1,756

	As of December 31, 2022			As of June 30, 2023
Operating leases:
Weighted average remaining lease term (years)		2			1
Weighted average discount rate		5.25	%		5.25	%

F-43

During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023, the Company incurred lease expenses of approximately HKD720,000 and HKD631,000, respectively.

7.	LOANS to customers, NET

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Margin loans	56,525		41,622
Allowance for expected credit loss		-		(807	)
Total		56,525		40,815

8.	RECEIVABLES FROM CUTOMERS AND BROKER-DEALERS, NET

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Interest receivables		548		-
Amounts due on brokerage transaction		819		2,970
Asset management and advisory fee receivables		2,344		1,354
Receivables from broker-dealers		499		350
Allowance for expected credit loss		-		(68	)
Total		4,210		4,606

9.	PREPAID EXPENSES AND other CURRENT assets

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Prepaid expenses		76		133
Prepaid marketing expense		-		1,400
Deferred IPO costs		4,089		4,089
Others		388		441
Total		4,553		6,063

10.

accruals and other current liabilities

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Accrued payroll and welfare expenses		252		550
Accrued advertising and promotion expenses		1,000		-
Accrued audit fee		938		429
Other accruals and payables		99		91
Total		2,289		1,070

F-44

11.

DISAGGREGATED REVENUE

The following is the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers that are recognized at a point in time, in accordance with ASC Topic 606, by major transactional based services:

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Securities brokerage services
Securities brokerage commission income		808		2,809
Securities brokerage handling fee		43		158
		851		2,967

Underwriting and placing services
Placing commission income		1,388		921
Asset management services
Fund subscription fee		645		12

Total revenues recognized at a point in time		2,884		3,900

The following is the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers for services recognized over a period of time in accordance with ASC Topic 606, by major service type:

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Interest income
Margin financing		3,478		3,338

Asset management services
Management fee income		2,522		1,476

Total revenues recognized over a period of time		6,000		4,814

12.

INCOME TAX EXPENSE

Cayman Islands and British Virgin Islands

Hong Kong

Under the Inland Revenue Ordinance of Hong Kong, only profits arising in or derived from Hong Kong are chargeable to Hong Kong profits tax, whereas the residence of a taxpayer is not relevant. Therefore, the Company’s operating subsidiaries, namely Plutus Securities and Plutus AM, are generally subject to Hong Kong income tax on its taxable income derived from the trade or businesses carried out by them in Hong Kong.

The income tax provision consists of the following components:

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Current tax		141		405
Deferred tax		8		8
Total		149		413

F-45

A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes determined at the Hong Kong statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate is as follows:

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022			2023
	HKD’000			HKD’000
(Loss) income before income taxes		(441	)		1,267

Tax at Hong Kong statutory tax rate of 16.5%		(73	)		209
Reconciling items:
Effect of tax-exempt for the Company and its subsidiaries incorporated in Cayman Islands		22			11
Tax effect of temporary difference		6			1
Tax effect of non-taxable income		(18	)		(11	)
Tax effect of unrecognized tax losses		212			203
Income tax expense		149			413

Deferred tax

Significant components of deferred tax were as follows:

	Property and equipment
	HKD’000
As of January 1, 2022		329
Recognized in statements of income (loss)		(15	)

As of December 31, 2022		314
Recognized in statements of (loss) income		(8	)

As of June 30, 2023		306

13.

RELATED PARTY BALANCE AND TRANSACTIONS

Nature of relationships with related parties

Name		Relationship
Mr. Zhao		Chairman and Executive Director of the Company
Mr. Ting Kin Cheung (“Mr. Cheung”)		Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director of the Company
Mr. Chin Hung Wong (“Mr. Wong”)*		Former Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus AM
Mr. Wie Hon Tan (“Mr. Tan”)		Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus AM
Aurum Hill Limited		Entity controlled by management of the Company
Plutus Guardians Fund SPC (“Fund SPC”) and its subsidiaries		Entity of which Plutus AM holds management share

* Mr. Wong resigned as Executive Director of Plutus Securities and Plutus AM in April 2022.

F-46

Balances with related parties

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Loans to customers:
Mr. Cheung		2,441		2,751

Receivables from customers:
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		2,002		1,079

Payable to customers:
Mr. Cheung		24		19
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		20,038		19,609

Amounts due from related parties:
Mr. Zhao		6,322		6,339
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		889		950

Transactions with related parties

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Asset management fee:
Fund SPC and its subsidiaries		1,051		530

Interest income:
Mr. Cheung		306		137
Mr. Wong		13		-
Mr. Tan		2		-
Aurum Hill Limited		63		-

Amounts due from related parties and to a related party are unsecured, non-interest bearing of which no interest income was recognized on the funds advanced, and repayable on demand. These balances are non-trade in nature. The amount due from Mr. Zhao, the ultimate controlling shareholder of the Company, will be settled by cash repayment from Mr. Zhao upon listing. From the period July 1, 2023 to October 31, 2023, there is subsequent net advance of HK$5,000,000 to Mr. Zhao.

Remuneration to senior management for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2023 were:

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Salaries and other short term employee benefits		1,755		2,148
Payments to defined contribution pension schemes		31		36
Total		1,786		2,184

F-47

14.

REGULATORY REQUIREMENtS

The following table illustrates the minimum regulatory capital as established by the SFC that the Company’s subsidiaries are required to maintain as of December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023 and the actual amounts of capital that were maintained:

	As of December 31, 2022
	Minimum regulatory capital requirement		Capital levels maintained		Excess net capital		Percent of requirement maintained
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000

Plutus Securities		3,000		41,150		38,150		1,372	%
Plutus AM		3,000		5,224		2,224		174	%
Total		6,000		46,374		40,374		773	%

	As of June 30, 2023
	Minimum regulatory capital requirement		Capital levels maintained		Excess net capital		Percent of requirement maintained
	HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000		HKD’000

Plutus Securities		3,000		38,962		35,962		1,299	%
Plutus AM		3,000		4,434		1,434		148	%
Total		6,000		43,396		37,396		723	%

15.

CONCENTRATIONS AND RISKS

Credit Risk

F-48

Concentrations of credit risk

The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue:

	For the six months ended 30 June,
	2022		2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Customer E		1,051		*
Customer N		1,385		-
Customer O		-		2,227

*Less than 10%

The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represented 10% or more of the Company’s loans to customers and receivables from customers:

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000
Customer F		8,652		7,734

The following table sets forth a summary of single customer who represented 10% or more of the Company’s payables to customers:

	As of December 31, 2022		As of June 30, 2023
	HKD’000		HKD’000

Customer K		7,357		8,701
Customer L		3,612		*
Customer M		20,038		19,609

*Less than 10%

Currency Risk

16.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Contingencies

17.

DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTION

On August 30, 2022, the Company distributed HKD24,451,000 through reduction in amount due from Mr. Zhao.

F-49

18.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company has assessed all events from June 30, 2023, up through December 8, 2023, which is the date of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements are available to be issued. There are no other material subsequent events that require disclosure in these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

SCHEDULE I — PARENT ONLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following presents condensed parent company only financial information of Plutus Financial Group Limited.

Condensed balance sheets

	As of December 31,								As of June 30,
	2021		2022			2022			2023			2023
	HK$		HK$			US$			HK$			US$
									(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets
Amount due from a shareholder		9		9			1			9			1
Total current assets		9		9			1			9			1

Non-current assets
Interests in subsidiaries		1,560		1,560			200			1,560			199
Total non-current assets		1,560		1,560			200			1,560			199
TOTAL ASSETS		1,569		1,569			201			1,569			200

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities
Amount due to a subsidiary		1,560		170,570			21,864			212,215			27,081
Total current liabilities		1,560		170,570			21,864			212,215			27,081
TOTAL LIABILITIES		1,560		170,570			21,864			212,215			27,081

Shareholders’ equity (deficit)
Preferred shares US$0.0001 par value per share; 3,000,000 authorized; nil share issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and 2022 and June 30, 2023 Ordinary shares US$0.0001 par value per share; 300,000,000 authorized; 12,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and 2022 and June 30, 2023		9		9			1			9			1
Accumulated losses		-		(169,010	)		(21,664	)		(210,655	)		(26,882	)
Total shareholders’ equity (deficit)		9		(169,001	)		(21,663	)		(210,646	)		(26,881	)
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)		1,569		1,569			201			1,569			200

Condensed statements of loss

	For the years ended December 31,								For the six months ended June 30,
	2021		2022			2022			2022			2023			2023
	HK$		HK$			US$			HK$			HK$			US$
									(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
General and administrative expenses		-		(169,010	)		(21,664	)		(90,800	)		(41,645	)		(5,314	)
Loss before income taxes		-		(169,010	)		(21,664	)		(90,800	)		(41,645	)		(5,314	)
Income tax expense		-		-			-			-			-			-
Net loss		-		(169,010	)		(21,664	)		(90,800	)		(41,645	)		(5,314	)

F-50

Condensed statements of cash flows

	For the years ended December 31,								For the six months ended June 30,
	2021		2022			2022			2022			2023			2023
	HK$		HK$			US$			HK$			HK$			US$
									(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss		-		(169,010	)		(21,664	)		(90,800	)		(41,645	)		(5,314	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Amount due to a subsidiary		-		169,010			21,664			90,800			41,645			5,314
Net cash generated from (used in) operating activities		-		-			-			-			-			-
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash generated from (used in) investing activities		-		-			-			-			-			-
Cash flows from financing activities
Net generated from (used in) financing activities		-		-			-			-			-			-
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		-		-			-			-			-			-
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year/period		-		-			-			-			-			-
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year/period		-		-			-			-			-			-

(i)	Basis of Presentation

	The Company was incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability on January 12, 2022 and as a holding company.

	The condensed parent company financial information of the Company has been prepared using the same accounting policies as set out in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

	The condensed parent-company-only financial statements are presented as if the incorporation of the Company and its subsidiaries had taken place on January 1, 2021.

(ii)	Restricted net assets

	Schedule I of Rule 5-04 of Regulation S-X requires the condensed financial information of registrant shall be filed when the restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries exceed 25 percent of consolidated net assets as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. For purposes of the above test, restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries shall mean that amount of the registrant’s proportionate share of net assets of consolidated subsidiaries (after intercompany eliminations) which as of the end of the most recent fiscal year may not be transferred to the parent company by subsidiaries in the form of loans, advances or cash dividends without the consent of a third party (i.e., lender, regulatory agency, foreign government, etc.).

	The condensed parent company financial statements have to be prepared in accordance with Rule 12-04, Schedule I of Regulation S-X if the restricted net assets of the subsidiaries of Plutus Financial Group Limited exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of Plutus Financial Group Limited. A significant portion of the Company’s operations and revenue are conducted and generated by the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Plutus Securities and Plutus Asset Management, which are licensed by the SFC in Hong Kong. the ability of these two operating subsidiaries to pay dividends to the Company may be restricted because these two SFC licensed operating subsidiaries are subject to the minimum paid-up capital and liquid capital requirements imposed by the SFO to maintain their business licenses and due to the availability of cash balances of these two operating subsidiaries.

	As of December 31, 2021 and 2022 and June 30, 2023, there were no material contingencies, significant provisions of long term obligations, mandatory dividend or redemption requirements of redeemable shares or guarantees of the Company, except for those which have been separately disclosed in the consolidated financial statements, if any.

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PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

2,100,000 Ordinary Shares

to be sold by the Company

Ordinary Shares

, 2023

Through and including , 2023 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in Ordinary Shares, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This delivery requirement is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.

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[RESALE PROSPECTUS ALTERNATE PAGE]

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. Neither we nor the Selling Stockholders may sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JANUARY 31, 2024

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

Plutus Financial Group Limited

Up to 1,680,000 Ordinary Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders

This prospectus related to the resale of up to 1,680,000 Ordinary Shares, par value US$0.0001 per share (each, a “Selling Stockholder Ordinary Share”, collectively, “Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares”) of Plutus Financial Group Limited, a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability whose principal place of business is in Hong Kong, by the stockholders named in this prospectus (the “Selling Stockholders”). We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the Ordinary Shares by the Selling Stockholders.

The resale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares is conditioned upon the successful completion of the sale of the Ordinary Shares by the Company in the underwritten primary offering and the listing of the Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Sales by Selling Stockholders prior to the listing of our Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market, if any, will be at a fixed price of $5.00 per share. Following listing of our Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq, the per share public offering price of the Ordinary Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders will be the then-prevailing market price. The registration of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares does not mean that the Selling Stockholders will offer or sell any of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares. In addition, we will pay all fees and expenses incident to the registration of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares. The Selling Stockholders may offer their shares from time to time directly or through one or more broker-dealers or agents at market prices prevailing at the time of sale. The offering by the Selling Stockholders will remain open for 180 days following the date of this prospectus. For additional information on the possible methods of sale that may be used by the Selling Stockholders, you should refer to the section of this prospectus entitled “Selling Stockholders—Plan of Distribution”.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the Ordinary Shares of Plutus Group. Plutus Group expects that the initial public offering price will be between US$4.00 and US$6.00 per Ordinary Share. It intends to list the Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “PLUT” However, there is no assurance that the initial public offering will be closed and that the Ordinary Shares of Plutus Group will be trading on Nasdaq Capital Market.

Plutus Financial Group Limited is an “emerging growth company” under applicable U.S. federal securities laws and is eligible for reduced public company reporting requirements.

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Upon the completion of the primary underwritten offering, the Company will have 14,100,000 Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding. The Company’s founder, Zhisheng Zhao, and its CEO, Ting Kin Cheung, will together beneficially own 10,320,000 Ordinary Shares, representing 73.2% of the total voting power of the Company’s issued and outstanding share capital immediately following the completing of the underwritten primary offering assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option, or 71.6% of the Company’s total voting power if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full. Each Ordinary Share is entitled to one vote.

Investing in the Company’s Ordinary Shares involves a high degree of risk.

Investors in our Ordinary Shares are not purchasing equity securities in our subsidiaries that conduct substantive business operations in Hong Kong. Instead, investors in this offering are purchasing equity securities of a Cayman Islands holding company. We are a Cayman Islands holding company that conducts all of our operations and operates our businesses in Hong Kong through our Hong Kong operating subsidiaries. Such structure involves unique risks to investors in our Ordinary Shares. Pursuant to the “long arm” provisions of the laws and regulations of the mainland PRC, as discussed in more detail in this Public Offering Prospectus, investors face some risk that PRC authorities could disallow this structure, which would result in a material adverse effect on our operations and would cause the value of our Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless. Please refer to the Risk Factor entitled: “Substantially all operations of the Company’s operating subsidiaries are in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the PRC. However, due to the long arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations . . .” under the section entitled “Risk Factors” for more information.

Pursuant to the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“HFCAA”), the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”) issued a Determination Report on December 16, 2021 which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (1) mainland China of the People’s Republic of China because of a position taken by one or more authorities in mainland China; and (2) Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region and dependency of the PRC, because of a position taken by one or more authorities in Hong Kong. In addition, the PCAOB’s report identified the specific registered public accounting firms which are subject to these determinations. The Company’s registered public accounting firm, WWC, P.C., is headquartered in San Mateo, CA, is not headquartered in mainland China or Hong Kong, and was not identified in this report as a firm subject to the PCAOB’s determination. On August 26, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it had signed a Statement of Protocol (the “SOP”) with the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Finance of China. The SOP, together with two protocol agreements governing inspections and investigations (together, the “SOP Agreement”), establishes a specific, accountable framework to make possible complete inspections and investigations by the PCAOB of audit firms based in mainland China and Hong Kong, as required under U.S. law. The SOP Agreement remains unpublished and is subject to further explanation and implementation. Pursuant to the fact sheet with respect to the SOP Agreement disclosed by the SEC, the PCAOB shall have sole discretion to select any audit firms for inspection or investigation and the PCAOB inspectors and investigators shall have a right to see all audit documentation without redaction. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB issued a new Determination Report which: (1) vacated the December 16, 2021 Determination Report; and (2) concluded that the PCAOB has been able to conduct inspections and investigations completely in the PRC in 2022. The December 15, 2022 Determination Report cautions, however, that authorities in the PRC might take positions at any time that would prevent the PCAOB from continuing to inspect or investigate completely. As required by the HFCAA, if in the future the PCAOB determines it no longer can inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the PRC, the PCAOB will act expeditiously to consider whether it should issue a new determination. Should the PCAOB determine in the future that positions taken by authorities in the PRC have obstructed its ability to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms in mainland China and Hong Kong completely, then the companies audited by those registered public accounting firms would be subject to a trading prohibition on U.S. markets pursuant to the HFCA Act. In such an event, you may be deprived of the benefits of such inspection which could result in limitation or restriction to the Company’s access to the U.S. capital markets and trading of its securities may be prohibited under the HFCAA. See Risk Factor in the Public Offering Prospectus –” Although the audit report included in the Public Offering Prospectus was issued by U.S. auditors headquartered in San Mateo, California who are currently inspected by the PCAOB, if it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate the Company’s auditor completely, investors would be deprived of the benefits of such inspection and the Ordinary Shares of the Company may be delisted or prohibited from trading.”

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	●	could result in a material change in the Company’s operations;
	●	could hinder its ability to continue to offer its securities to investors; and
	●	may cause the value of the Company’s Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless.

The Company is aware that recently, the PRC government has initiated a series of regulatory actions and new policies to regulate business operations in certain areas in China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over China-based companies listed overseas using a variable interest entity (“VIE”) structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. Since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on Plutus Group’s daily business operation, its ability to accept foreign investments and the listing of its Ordinary Shares on U.S. or other foreign exchanges. These actions could result in a material change in Plutus Group’s operations and could significantly limit or completely hinder its ability to complete this offering or cause the value of its Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless. See “Prospectus Summary — Substantially all operations of the operating subsidiaries are in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the PRC. However, due to the long arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government may exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of Plutus Group’s business and may intervene in or influence its operations at any time, which could result in a material change in Plutus Group’s operations and/or the value of its Ordinary Shares. The PRC government may also intervene or impose restrictions on Plutus Group’s ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends or to reinvest in its business outside of Hong Kong. Changes in the policies, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of the PRC government may also be quick with little advance notice and the Company’s assertions and beliefs of the risk imposed by the PRC legal and regulatory system cannot be certain.” beginning on page 10 of the Public Offering Prospectus.

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Transfers of Cash To and From Our Operating Subsidiaries

As a holding company, we will rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our operating subsidiaries for our cash and financing requirements. We are permitted under the laws of the Cayman Islands and our memorandum and articles of association (as amended from time to time) to provide funding to our subsidiaries incorporated in the BVI and Hong Kong, through loans or capital contributions. Our BVI subsidiaries are permitted under the laws of the BVI to provide funding to us through dividend distribution subject to certain restrictions laid down in the BVI Business Companies Act 2004 (as amended) and memorandum and articles of association of our BVI subsidiaries. Our subsidiaries (other than our Cayman Islands and BVI subsidiaries) are permitted under the respective laws of Hong Kong to provide funding to us through dividend without restrictions on the amount of the funds, other than as limited by the amount of their distributable earnings. However, to the extent cash is in our Hong Kong operating subsidiaries, there is a possibility that the funds may not be available to fund our operations or for other uses outside of the Hong Kong due to interventions or the imposition of restrictions and limitations by the Hong Kong government on the ability to transfer cash. If any of our subsidiaries incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing such debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends to us. In addition, despite the general protections afforded by the Basic law, due to ‘long arm’ provisions under current PRC laws and regulations, there remains regulatory uncertainty with respect to the implementation and interpretation of laws in China. There is no assurance that the PRC government will not intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to transfer cash into or out of Hong Kong. The PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong and on our ability to move money into Hong Kong to fund our business operation and to satisfy our investment needs in Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business within and outside of Hong Kong and may also affect our ability to transfer and receive funds to and from our operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong. There is no assurance that the PRC government will not intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to transfer cash into or out of China, including Hong Kong. (Please see – Risk Factor – “There is no assurance that the PRC government will not intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to transfer cash into or out of Hong Kong,” at Page 39 of the Public Offering Prospectus.) We do not have a formal cash management policy that dictates how funds are transferred.

The structure of cash flows within our organization, and a summary of the applicable regulations, are as follows:

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This prospectus does not constitute, and there will not be, an offering of securities to the public in the Cayman Islands.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any related free-writing prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus or in any related free-writing prospectus. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, the Ordinary Shares only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of the Ordinary Shares.

We have not taken any action to permit a public offering of the Ordinary Shares outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus or any filed free writing prospectus outside the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus or any filed free writing prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to the offering of the Ordinary Shares and the distribution of this prospectus or any filed free writing prospectus outside the United States.

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[RESALE PROSPECTUS ALTERNATE PAGE]

THE OFFERING

Issuer		Plutus Financial Group Limited

Securities Being Offered by the Selling Stockholders		Up to 1,680,000 Ordinary Shares.

Offering Price		Since there is currently no public market established for our securities, the Selling Stockholders may sell at a fixed price of $5.00 per Ordinary Share, the anticipated offering price at which we sell our Ordinary Shares in our initial public offering pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Once, and if, our Ordinary Shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market and there is an established market for these resale shares, the Selling Stockholders may sell the resale shares from time to time at the market price prevailing on the Nasdaq Capital Market at the time of offer and sale, or at prices related to such prevailing market prices or in negotiated transactions or a combination of such methods of sale directly or through brokers.

Voting Rights		Each Ordinary Share is entitled to one vote.

Use of Proceeds		We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares.

Risk Factors		See “Risk Factors” and other information included in the Public Offering Prospectus for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in the Ordinary Shares.

Listing		The Company plans to have the Ordinary Shares listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “PLUT.” The Ordinary Shares will not be listed on any other stock exchange or traded on any automated quotation system.

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[RESALE PROSPECTUS ALTERNATE PAGE]

SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

The table below presents information regarding the Selling Stockholders and the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares that they may offer from time to time under this prospectus. This table is prepared based on information supplied to us by the Selling Stockholders and reflects holdings as of the date of this prospectus.

The number of shares in the column “Total Number of Shares to be Offered for Selling Stockholder Account” represents all of the Ordinary Shares that the Selling Stockholders may offer under this Prospectus. The Selling Stockholders may sell some, all, or none of their shares offered by this prospectus. We do not know how long the Selling Stockholders will hold the shares before selling them, and we currently have no agreements, arrangements, or understandings with the Selling Stockholders regarding the sale of any of the shares.

Name of Selling Stockholder	Shares Owned Prior to this Offering		Total Number of Shares to be Offered for Selling Stockholder Account		Total Shares to be Owned Upon Completion of the Offering		Percentage Owned Prior to Completion of the Offering			Percentage to be Owned Upon Completion of the Offering
Wong Hoi Cheung		378,000		378,000		—		3.15	%		—
Gain Best Investments Limited ⁽¹⁾		378,000		378,000		—		3.15	%		—
Sui Miaomiao		462,000		462,000		—		3.85	%		—
Li Shan		462,000		462,000		—		3.85	%		—
Totals		1,680,000		1,680,000		—		14.00	%		—

SELLING STOCKHOLDERS PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We are registering the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares to permit the resale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares by the Selling Stockholders from time to time after the date of this prospectus. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares. We will bear all fees and expenses incident to the registration of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares will not be sold through Pacific Century Securities or R.F. Lafferty & Co., Inc. in this initial public offering.

The Selling Stockholders may sell all or a portion of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares beneficially owned by them and offered hereby from time to time directly or through one or more broker-dealers or agents or in the over-the-counter market at market prices prevailing at the time of sale. If the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares are sold through broker-dealers, the Selling Stockholders will be responsible for any commissions or agent’s commissions. The Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares may be sold in one or more transactions at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale. However, the Selling Stockholders will not sell any Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares until after the closing of the underwritten primary offering. The offering by the Selling Stockholders will remain open for 180 days following the date of this prospectus. These sales may be effected in transactions, which may involve crosses or block transactions:

●

on any national securities exchange or quotation service on which the securities may be listed or quoted at the time of sale;

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	●	in the over-the-counter market;
	●	in transactions otherwise than on these exchanges or systems or in the over-the-counter market;
	●	ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
	●	block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the securities as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;
	●	purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;
	●	an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;
	●	short sales;
	●	in transactions through broker-dealers that agree with the Selling Stockholders to sell a specified number of such securities at a stipulated price per security;
	●	through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;
	●	a combination of any such methods of sale; or
	●	any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

The Selling Stockholders may also sell securities under Rule 144 or any other exemption from registration under the Securities Act, if available, rather than under this prospectus. However, the Selling Stockholders will not sell any Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares until after the closing of the primary underwritten initial public offering.

Under applicable rules and regulations under the Securities Exchange Act, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), any person engaged in the distribution of the shares of Ordinary Shares may not simultaneously engage in market making activities with respect to the shares of Ordinary Shares for the applicable restricted period, as defined in Regulation M, prior to the commencement of the distribution. In addition, the Selling Stockholders will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of shares of Ordinary Shares by the Selling Stockholders or any other person. We will make copies of this prospectus available to the Selling Stockholders and have informed them of the need to deliver a copy of this prospectus at or prior to the time of the sale (including by compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act, as amended).

If the Selling Stockholders effect such transactions by Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares to or through broker-dealers or agents, such broker-dealers or agents may receive commissions in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the Selling Stockholders or commissions from purchasers of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares for whom they may act as agent or to whom they may sell as principal (which discounts, concessions or commissions as to particular broker-dealers or agents may be in excess of those customary in the types of transactions involved). In connection with sales of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares or otherwise, the Selling Stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers, which may, in turn, engage in short sales of the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares in the course of hedging in positions they assume. The Selling Stockholders may also sell Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares short and deliver Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares covered by this prospectus to close out short positions and to return borrowed shares in connection with such short sales. The Selling Stockholders may also loan or pledge Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares to broker-dealers that in turn may sell such shares.

The Selling Stockholders may pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the warrants or Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares from time to time pursuant to an amendment to this prospectus under applicable provision of the Securities Act, amending, if necessary, the list of Selling Stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as Selling Stockholders under this prospectus.

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Once sold under the registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part, the Selling Stockholder Ordinary Shares will be freely tradeable in the hands of persons other than our affiliates.

USE OF PROCEEDS

We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of our Ordinary Shares by the Selling Stockholders. In addition, the Underwriter will not receive any compensation from the sale of the Ordinary Shares by the Selling Stockholders. The Selling Stockholders will receive all of the net proceeds from the sales of Ordinary Shares offered by it under this prospectus. We have agreed to bear the expenses relating to the registration of the Ordinary Shares for the Selling Stockholders.

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PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

Up to 1,680,000 Ordinary Shares to be Offered by the Selling Stockholders

, 2024

Through and including , 2024 (the 25^th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in the Ordinary Shares, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This delivery requirement is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.

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PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

ITEM 6.

INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.

Subject to the provisions of the Companies Act and in the absence of fraud or willful default, the Company may indemnify against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with legal, administrative or investigative proceedings any person who:

(a)

is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that the person is or was a Director, managing director, agent, auditor, secretary and other officer for the time being of the Company; or

(b)

is or was, at the request of the Company, serving as a director, managing director, agent, auditor, secretary and other officer for the time being of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another company or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.

Disclosure of Commission Position on Indemnification for Securities Act Liabilities

In accordance with the provisions in our articles of incorporation, we will indemnify an officer, director, or former officer or director, to the full extent permitted by law.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Act”) may be permitted to our directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by us of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of us in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

ITEM 7.

RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES.

During the past three years, we have issued the following Ordinary Shares in connection with the incorporation of the Company without registering the securities under the Securities Act. We believe that each of the following issuances was exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on Regulation D under the Securities Act or pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act regarding transactions not involving a public offering or in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act regarding sales by an issuer in offshore transactions. No underwriters were involved in these issuances of shares.

Purchaser	Date of Sale or Issuance	Number of Ordinary Shares		Consideration
Divine Star Ventures Limited which is 65% owned by Ting Kin Cheung and 35% owned by Zhisheng Zhao.⁽³⁾	July 15, 2022		5,400,000		(1	)
Radiant Global Ventures Limited which is 100% owned by Zhisheng Zhao.	July 15, 2022		6,600,000		(2	)

Totals			12,000,000

	(1)	In exchange for the 100% interests in Plutus Securities Limited previously owned by Zhisheng Zhao.

	(2)	In exchange for the 100% interests in Plutus Asset Management Limited previously owned by Zhisheng Zhao.

	(3)	On July 15, 2022, Zhiseheng Zhao owned 100% ownership interest in Divine Star Ventures Limited. On August 31, 2022, Ting Kin Cheung acquired a 65% ownership interest in Divine Star Ventures Limited from Zhisheng Zhao.

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ITEM 8.

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

Exhibits

Exhibit Number		Description
1.1		Form of Underwriting Agreement
3.1		Memorandum and Articles of Association of Plutus Financial Group Limited, dated January 12, 2022
4.1		Registrant’s Specimen Certificate for Ordinary Shares*
5.1		Opinion of Harney Westwood & Riegels regarding the validity of the Ordinary Shares being registered
8.1		Opinion of CFN Lawyers regarding certain Hong Kong legal matters and tax matters
10.1		Agreement with Hee Solutions Limited
10.2		Independent Asset Manager Agreement with Bank of Singapore Limited, Hong Kong Branch
10.3		Collaboration Agreement with Bank J. Safra Sarasin Ltd., Hong Kong Branch
10.4		Collaboration Agreement with Bank J. Safra Sarasin Ltd., Singapore Branch
10.5		Tenancy Agreement with Sun Properties Company Limited
10.6		Employment Agreement with Ting Kin Cheung
10.7		Employment Agreement with Chun Lok Yeung
10.8		Form of Lock-up Agreement (included as Exhibit A to Underwriting Agreement)
14.1		Code of Business Conduct and Ethics of the Registrant
15.1		Letter in Lieu of Consent for Review Report of WWC, P.C., an independent registered public accounting firm
21.1		Subsidiaries of the Registrant
23.1		Consent of WWC, P.C., an independent registered public accounting firm
23.2		Consent of Harney Westwood & Riegels
23.3		Consent of CFN Lawyers
99.1		Consent of Independent Director Nominee Wing Cheung Yan
99.2		Consent of Independent Director Nominee Tin Shun Lui
99.3		Consent of Independent Director Nominee Wing Yan Lam
99.4		Industry Information Sheet, with consent to use
99.5		12 month rule waiver request
107		Filing Fee Table

*	To be filed by amendment

Financial Statement Schedules

Schedules have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements or the Notes thereto.

ITEM 9.

UNDERTAKINGS.

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriter at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriter to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the provisions described in Item 6, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

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The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:

For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant under Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:

(i)

To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

(ii)

To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) (§230.424(b) of this chapter) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate Offering Price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective Registration Statement.

(iii)

To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement or any material change to such information in the Registration Statement;

To provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreements certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new Registration Statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

To file a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering, unless the registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements.

For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i)

any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

(ii)

any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

(iii)

the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

(iv)

any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

That, insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-1 and has duly caused this amendment to registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Wan Chai, Hong Kong on January 31, 2024.

	Plutus Financial Group Limited

	By:	/s/ Ting Kin Cheung
	Name:	Ting Kin Cheung
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer

	By:	/s/ Chun Lok Yeung
	Name:	Chun Lok Yeung
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

	By:	/s/ Zhisheng Zhao
	Name:	Zhisheng Zhao
	Title:	Chairman and Director

	By:	/s/ Ting Kin Cheung
	Name:	Ting Kin Cheung
	Title:	Director

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POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Ting Kin Cheung and Chun Lok Yeung as attorneys-in-fact with full power of substitution, for him or her in any and all capacities, to do any and all acts and all things and to execute any and all instruments which said attorney and agent may deem necessary or desirable to enable the registrant to comply with the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder, in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of Ordinary Shares of the registrant (the “Shares”), including, without limitation, the power and authority to sign the name of each of the undersigned in the capacities indicated below to the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (the “Registration Statement”) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to such Shares, to any and all amendments or supplements to such Registration Statement, whether such amendments or supplements are filed before or after the effective date of such Registration Statement, to any related Registration Statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, and to any and all instruments or documents filed as part of or in connection with such Registration Statement or any and all amendments thereto, whether such amendments are filed before or after the effective date of such Registration Statement; and each of the undersigned hereby ratifies and confirms all that such attorney and agent shall do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature	Title	Date

/s/ Ting Kin Cheung	Principal Executive Officer	January 31, 2024
Name:

/s/ Chun Lok Yeung	Principal Financial and Accounting Officer	January 31, 2024
Name:

/s/ Zhisheng Zhao	Chairman and Director	January 31, 2024
Name:

SIGNATURE OF AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE IN THE UNITED STATES

Pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative in the United States of Plutus Financial Group Limited, has signed this registration statement or amendment thereto in New York, NY on January 31, 2024.

	The Crone Law Group P.C.

	By:	/s/ Mark Crone
	Name:	Mark Crone
	Title:	Managing Partner

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Plutus Financial F-1Registration statement (foreign)