Supplemental Oil and Gas Information | Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited) Oil and Natural Gas Exploration and Production Activities Oil and natural gas sales reflect the market prices of net production sold or transferred with appropriate adjustments for any contractual provisions. Production expenses include lifting costs incurred to operate and maintain productive wells and related equipment including such costs as operating labor, repairs and maintenance, materials, supplies and fuel consumed. Production taxes include ad valorem and severance taxes. Depletion of crude oil and natural gas properties relates to capitalized costs incurred in acquisition, exploration, and development activities. Results of operations do not include interest expense and general corporate amounts. The results of operations for the Company’s crude oil and natural gas production activities are provided in the Company’s related consolidated statements of operations. Capitalized costs relating the Company’s oil and natural gas producing activities as of December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021 and November 30, 2021 are provided in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Costs Incurred The costs incurred in crude oil and natural gas acquisition, exploration and development activities are highlighted in the table below. FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, FOR THE MONTH ENDED DECEMBER 31, FOR THE YEARS ENDED NOVEMBER 30, (In thousands) 2022 2021 2021 2020 Costs Incurred for the Year: Proved Property Acquisition and Other $ 28,547 $ 117 $ 6,210 $ 9,234 Development 63,284 3,015 36,769 36,859 Total $ 91,831 $ 3,132 $ 42,979 $ 46,093 Oil and Natural Gas Reserve Data The following tables present the Company’s net proved crude oil and natural gas reserves as prepared by Cawley, and include changes as estimated by the Company’s engineering staff. The Company emphasizes that reserves are approximations and are expected to change as additional information becomes available. Reservoir engineering is a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of crude oil and natural gas that cannot be measured in an exact way, and the accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. NATURAL GAS (MMcf) OIL (MBbl) MBoe Proved Developed and Undeveloped Reserves at November 30, 2019 87,324 41,271 55,825 Revisions of Previous Estimates (5,723) (8,094) (9,048) Extensions, Discoveries and Other Additions 2,199 729 1,096 Acquisition of Reserves 6,638 1,799 2,905 Production (5,609) (2,599) (3,534) Proved Developed and Undeveloped Reserves at November 30, 2020 84,829 33,106 47,244 Revisions of Previous Estimates (4,181) (2,998) (3,695) Extensions, Discoveries and Other Additions 2,648 899 1,340 Acquisition of Reserves 1,793 959 1,258 Production (7,065) (2,436) (3,614) Proved Developed and Undeveloped Reserves at November 30, 2021 78,024 29,530 42,534 Revisions of Previous Estimates 231 80 119 Extensions, Discoveries and Other Additions — — — Acquisition of Reserves 8 7 8 Production (582) (220) (317) Proved Developed and Undeveloped Reserves at December 31, 2021 77,681 29,397 42,344 Revisions of Previous Estimates 1,959 (100) 226 Extensions, Discoveries and Other Additions 2,561 1,419 1,846 Acquisition of Reserves 5,187 2,304 3,168 Production (7,274) (2,575) (3,787) Proved Developed and Undeveloped Reserves at December 31, 2022 80,114 30,445 43,797 NATURAL GAS (MMcf) OIL (MBbl) MBoe Proved Developed Reserves: November 30, 2019 39,059 18,928 25,438 November 30, 2020 47,418 17,841 25,744 November 30, 2021 58,437 17,764 27,504 December 31, 2021 58,058 17,612 27,288 December 31, 2022 58,897 17,290 27,106 Proved Undeveloped Reserves: November 30, 2019 48,264 22,342 30,386 November 30, 2020 37,410 15,265 21,500 November 30, 2021 19,586 11,765 15,030 December 31, 2021 19,623 11,785 15,055 December 31, 2022 21,217 13,155 16,691 Proved reserves are estimated quantities of crude oil and natural gas, which geological and engineering data indicate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Proved developed reserves are proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Proved undeveloped reserves are included for reserves for which there is a high degree of confidence in their recoverability and they are scheduled to be drilled within the next five years. Notable changes in proved reserves for the year ended December 31, 2022 included the following: ■ Acquisitions . In 2022, total acquisitions of of 3.2 MMBoe were primarily attributable to asset acquisitions of oil and gas properties (see Note 3). ■ Revisions to previous estimates. In 2022, revisions to previous estimates increased proved reserves by a net amount of 0.2 MMBoe. Included in these revisions were 1.3 MMBoe of upward adjustments caused by higher crude oil and natural gas prices, 0.3 MMBoe of downward adjustments related to the removal of undeveloped drilling locations related to the SEC 5-year development rule, 0.3 MMBoe of downward adjustments related to changes in development plan, and 0.5 MMBoe of downward adjustments attributable to well performance when comparing the Company’s reserve estimates at December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2021. ■ Extensions and discoveries . In 2022, total extensions and discoveries of 1.8 MMBoe were attributable to additions of 1.6 MMBoe of proved developed reserves and 0.2 MMBoe of proved undeveloped reserves, respectively, in the Williston Basin. Notable changes in proved reserves for the month ended December 31, 2021 included the following: ■ Revisions to previous estimates . In the month ended December 31, 2021, revisions to previous estimates increased proved reserves by a net amount of 0.1 MMBoe that were primarily related to upward adjustments caused by higher crude oil and natural gas prices. Notable changes in proved reserves for the year ended November 30, 2021 included the following: ■ Revisions to previous estimates . In 2021, revisions to previous estimates increased proved developed and decreased proved undeveloped reserves by a net amount of 3.7 MMBoe. Included in these revisions were 4.3 MMBoe of upward adjustments caused by higher crude oil and natural gas prices and 6.9 MMBoe of downward adjustments related to the removal of undeveloped drilling locations due to a slower recovery of rig activity than expected in the Williston Basin, 0.5 MMBoe of downward adjustments related to the removal of drilled uncompleted wells in the Central Rockies related to the SEC 5-year development rule and 0.6 MMBoe of downward adjustments attributable to well performance when comparing the Company’s reserve estimates at November 30, 2021 to November 30, 2020. ■ Extensions and discoveries . In 2021, total extensions and discoveries of 1.3 MMBoe were attributable to additions of proved undeveloped locations in the Williston Basin. Notable changes in proved reserves for the year ended November 30, 2020 included the following: ■ Revisions to previous estimates . In 2020, revisions to previous estimates decreased proved developed and undeveloped reserves by a net amount of 9.0 MMBoe. Included in these revisions were 9.7 MMBoe of downward adjustments caused by lower crude oil and natural gas prices largely attributable to the impacts of the global coronavirus pandemic, a 1.2 MMBoe upward adjustment attributable to well performance when comparing the Company’s reserve estimates at November 30, 2020 to November 30, 2019 and 0.6 MMBoe of downward adjustments related to the removal of undeveloped drilling locations related to the SEC 5-year development rule. ■ Extensions and discoveries . In 2020, total extensions and discoveries of 1.0 MMBoe were attributable to additions of proved undeveloped locations in the Williston Basin. Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Inflows and Changes Therein The following table presents a standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves, and the changes in standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved crude oil and natural gas were prepared in accordance with the provisions of ASC 932 Extractive Activities— Oil and Gas. Future cash inflows were computed by applying average prices of crude oil and natural gas for the last 12 months to estimated future production. Future production and development costs were computed by estimating the expenditures to be incurred in developing and producing the proved crude oil and natural gas reserves at the end of the year (including asset retirement costs), based on year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. Future income tax expenses were calculated by applying appropriate year-end tax rates to future pretax cash flows relating to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves, less the tax basis of properties involved and tax credits and loss carry forwards relating to crude oil and natural gas producing activities. Income taxes for the Company are zero due to the Company’s tax status as a pass-through entity. Future net cash flows are then discounted at the rate of 10%. Actual future cash inflows may vary considerably, and the standardized measure does not represent the fair value of the Company’s crude oil and natural gas reserves. DECEMBER 31, NOVEMBER 30, (in thousands) 2022 2021 2021 2020 Future Cash Inflows $ 3,420,665 $ 2,206,162 $ 2,151,098 $ 1,405,418 Future Production Costs (965,151) (823,223) (816,329) (713,495) Future Development Costs (276,399) (244,913) (230,101) (245,128) Future Income Tax Expense — — — — Future Net Cash Inflows $ 2,179,115 $ 1,138,026 $ 1,104,668 $ 446,795 10% Annual Discount for Estimated Timing of Cash Flows $ (999,131) $ (509,625) $ (503,055) $ (255,617) Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows $ 1,179,984 $ 628,401 $ 601,613 $ 191,178 The twelve-month average prices were adjusted to reflect applicable transportation and quality differentials on a well-by-well basis to arrive at realized sales prices used to estimate the Company’s reserves. The price of other liquids is included in natural gas. The prices for the Company’s reserve estimates were as follows: NATURAL GAS OIL December 31, 2022 $ 6.36 $ 94.14 December 31, 2021 $ 3.60 $ 66.55 November 30, 2021 $ 3.46 $ 64.81 November 30, 2020 $ 1.94 $ 40.45 Changes in the Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows at 10% per annum follow: DECEMBER 31, NOVEMBER 30, (in thousands) 2022 2021 2021 2020 Beginning of Period $ 628,401 $ 601,613 $ 191,178 $ 504,029 Sales of Oil and Natural Gas Produced, Net of Production Costs (226,666) (12,854) (126,733) (49,948) Extensions and Discoveries 41,373 — 17,911 2,332 Previously Estimated Development Cost Incurred During the Period 714 — 16,924 22,308 Net Change of Prices and Production Costs 575,120 32,271 415,685 (322,506) Change in Future Development Costs (3,758) (11,048) 22,606 79,816 Revisions of Quantity and Timing Estimates 18,140 2,153 (17,833) (115,228) Accretion of Discount 62,840 5,013 19,118 50,403 Change in Income Taxes — — — — Purchases of Minerals in Place 122,421 117 23,272 17,304 Other (38,601) 11,136 39,485 2,668 End of Period $ 1,179,984 $ 628,401 $ 601,613 $ 191,178 |