Cheetah Net Supply Chain Service (CTNT) 10-Q 2024 Q2 Quarterly report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                 to

Commission File Number: 001-41761

Cheetah Net Supply Chain Service Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

North Carolina	81-3509120
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

6201 Fairview Road, Suite 225

Charlotte, North Carolina 28210

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(704) 826-7280

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each Class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share	CTNT	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of August 12, 2024, there were 30,627,992 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.

Cheetah Net Supply Chain Service Inc.

Form 10-Q

For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2024

Contents

Part I	Financial Information	1
Item 1	Financial Statements	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2023	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)	4
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	5
Item 2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	34
Item 4	Controls and Procedures	34
Part II	Other Information	36
Item 1	Legal Proceedings	36
Item 1A	Risk Factors	36
Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	36
Item 3	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	37
Item 4	Mine Safety Disclosures	37
Item 5	Other Information	37
Item 6	Exhibits	38
Signatures		39

i

CHEETAH NET SUPPLY CHAIN SERVICE INC.

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

CHEETAH NET SUPPLY CHAIN SERVICE INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	June 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	6,292,901	$	432,998
Accounts receivable		5,128,119		6,494,695
Loans receivable		1,000,000		672,500
Inventory		—		1,515,270
Other receivables		911,497		410,920
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		289,200		294,154
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS		13,621,717		9,820,537
OTHER NONCURRENT ASSETS:
Property, plant, and equipment, net		418,159		—
Operating lease right-of-use assets		758,647		190,823
Deferred tax assets, net		414,630		47,905
Intangibles, net		494,214		—
Goodwill		568,532		—
TOTAL ASSETS	$	16,275,899	$	10,059,265
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	$	4,366	$	40,430
Current portion of long-term debt		33,721		32,887
Loans payable from letter of credit financing		—		1,004,565
Loans payable from line of credit		584,541		688,711
Loans payable from premium finance		—		148,621
Due to a related party		—		13,423
Operating lease liabilities, current		156,460		39,703
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities		461,879		390,451
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES		1,240,967		2,358,791
NONCURRENT LIABILITIES:
Long-term debt, net of current portion		628,215		644,725
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		592,904		151,121
TOTAL LIABILITIES		2,462,086		3,154,637
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 17)		—		—
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized; 32,398,329 and 17,916,000 shares issued and outstanding, including:
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value, 91,750,000 shares authorized, 24,148,329 and 9,666,000 shares issued and outstanding		2,415		967
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, 8,250,000 shares authorized, 8,250,000 shares issued and outstanding		825		825
Additional paid-in capital		15,124,142		6,994,595
Subscription receivable		(600,000)		(600,000)
Retained earnings (Accumulated deficit)		(713,569)		508,241
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY		13,813,813		6,904,628
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	16,275,899	$	10,059,265

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

1

CHEETAH NET SUPPLY CHAIN SERVICE INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
REVENUES
Parallel-import Vehicles	$	200,297		12,223,026	$	1,631,248		22,437,468
Logistics and Warehousing		93,563		—		170,397		—
Total Revenues		293,860		12,223,026		1,801,645		22,437,468
COST OF REVENUES
Cost of vehicles		200,297		10,319,991		1,515,270		18,824,494
Fulfillment expenses		15,537		650,666		140,798		1,217,548
Ocean freight service cost		45,598		—		88,098		—
Total cost of revenues		261,432		10,970,657		1,744,166		20,042,042
GROSS PROFIT		32,428		1,252,369		57,479		2,395,426
OPERATING EXPENSES
Selling expenses		19,422		141,340		98,262		419,123
General and administrative expenses		865,354		565,400		1,632,996		1,146,470
Total operating expenses		884,776		706,740		1,731,258		1,565,593
(LOSS) INCOME FROM OPERATIONS		(852,348)		545,629		(1,673,779)		829,833
OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME
Interest expense, net		(36,200)		(334,855)		(98,965)		(771,914)
Other income, net		28,393		1,968		57,945		3,902
Total other expense, net		(7,807)		(332,887)		(41,020)		(768,012)
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES		(860,155)		212,742		(1,714,799)		61,821
Income tax (benefit) provision		(247,275)		56,997		(492,989)		14,009
NET (LOSS) INCOME	$	(612,880)	$	155,745	$	(1,221,810)	$	47,812
(Loss) Earnings per share - basic and diluted	$	(0.03)	$	0.01	$	(0.05)	$	0.00
Weighted average shares - basic and diluted		22,375,996		16,666,000		22,375,996		16,666,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

CHEETAH NET SUPPLY CHAIN SERVICE INC.

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

	Common Stock
	Class A			Class B			Additional				Retained Earnings		Total
	Common			Common			paid-in		Subscription		(Accumulated		Stockholders’
	stock	Amount		stock	Amount		capital		Receivable		Deficit)		Equity
Balance, December 31, 2023	9,666,000	$	967	8,250,000	$	825	$	6,994,595	$	(600,000)	$	508,241	$	6,904,628
Termination of equity-classified warrant	—		—	—		—		(78,125)		—		—		(78,125)
Issuance of common stock for acquisition	1,272,329		127	—		—		899,873		—		—		900,000
Net loss for the period	—		—	—		—		—		—		(608,930)		(608,930)
Balance, March 31, 2024	10,938,329	$	1,094	8,250,000	$	825	$	7,816,343	$	(600,000)	$	(100,689)	$	7,117,573
Issuance of follow-on public offering	13,210,000		1,321	—		—		7,307,799		—		—		7,309,120
Net loss for the period	—		—	—		—		—		—		(612,880)		(612,880)
Balance, June 30, 2024	24,148,329	$	2,415	8,250,000	$	825	$	15,124,142	$	(600,000)	$	(713,569)	$	13,813,813

	Common Stock
	Class A			Class B			Additional						Total
	Common			Common			paid-in		Subscription		Retained		Stockholders’
	stock	Amount		stock	Amount		capital		Receivable		Earnings		Equity
Balance, December 31, 2022	8,416,000	$	842	8,250,000	$	825	$	3,269,317	$	(1,800,000)	$	374,371	$	1,845,355
Stock issuance	—		—	—		—		—		700,000		—		700,000
Net loss for the period	—		—	—		—		—		—		(107,933)		(107,933)
Balance, March 31, 2023	8,416,000	$	842	8,250,000	$	825	$	3,269,317	$	(1,100,000)	$	266,438	$	2,437,422
Net income for the period	—		—	—		—		—		—		155,745		155,745
Balance, June 30, 2023	8,416,000	$	842	8,250,000	$	825	$	3,269,317	$	(1,100,000)	$	422,183	$	2,593,167

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

3

CHEETAH NET SUPPLY CHAIN SERVICE INC.

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30,
	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income	$	(1,221,810)	$	47,812
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets		77,801		95,718
Amortization of Intangible Assets		21,786		—
Depreciation		7,636		—
Deferred tax provision		(497,874)		11,389
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		1,413,931		4,939,770
Inventory		1,515,269		(996,990)
Other receivables		(457,892)		87,375
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		31,955		162,515
Deferred revenue		—		—
Other payables and other current liabilities		(20,258)		(101,508)
Operating lease liabilities		(42,564)		(100,718)
Net cash provided by operating activities		827,980		4,145,363
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired		(220,117)		—
Purchase of property, plant, and equipment		(365,000)		—
Loans made to third parties		(1,000,000)		—
Loans repayments from third parties		672,500
Net cash used in investing activities		(912,617)		—
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from follow-on public offering, net of expenses		7,309,120		—
Cash paid for warrant termination		(78,125)		—
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under private placement transaction		—		700,000
Repayments of inventory financing		—		(4,164,100)
Proceeds from letter of credit financing		25,971		12,705,140
Repayments of letter of credit financing		(1,030,536)		(14,865,396)
Proceeds from loans from dealer finance		—		340,729
Repayments of loans from dealers finance		—		(211,745)
Proceeds from Line of Credit		—		2,536,154
Repayment of Line of Credit		(104,170)		(665,000)
Repayments of premium finance		(148,621)		—
Repayments of long-term borrowings		(15,676)		(16,275)
Borrowing from a related party		—		28,875
Repayments made to a related party		(13,423)		—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		5,944,540		(3,611,618)
Net increase in cash		5,859,903		533,745
Cash, beginning of period		432,998		58,381
Cash, end of period	$	6,292,901	$	592,126
Supplemental cash flow information
Cash paid for interest	$	15,563	$	205,042
Noncash Financing and investing activities:
Fair value of common stock issued for acquisition	$	900,000	$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

CHEETAH NET SUPPLY CHAIN SERVICE INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 — ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS DESCRIPTION

Cheetah Net Supply Chain Service Inc. (“Cheetah Net” or the “Company”), formerly known as Yuan Qiu Business Group LLC, was established under the laws of the State of North Carolina on August 9, 2016 as a limited liability company (“LLC”). On March 1, 2022, the Company filed articles of incorporation including articles of conversion with the Secretary of State of the State of North Carolina to convert from an LLC to a corporation, and changed its name to Cheetah Net Supply Chain Service Inc. The Company holds 100% of the equity interests in the following entities:

● (i) Allen-Boy International LLC (“Allen-Boy”), an LLC organized on August 31, 2016 under the laws of the State of Delaware, which was acquired by Cheetah Net from Yingchang Yuan, the previous owner of Allen-Boy who beneficially owns 1,200,000 shares of Class A common stock of Cheetah Net, for a total consideration of $100 on January 1, 2017. Allen-Boy did not have any business activities until acquired by Cheetah Net. Currently, Allen-Boy is engaged in parallel-import vehicle dealership business.

● (ii) Pacific Consulting LLC (“Pacific”), an LLC organized on January 17, 2019 under the laws of the State of New York, which was acquired by Cheetah Net from Yingchang Yuan, the previous owner of Pacific who beneficially owns 1,200,000 shares of Class A common stock of Cheetah Net, for a total consideration of $100 on February 15, 2019. Pacific did not have any business activities until acquired by Cheetah Net. Currently, Pacific is engaged in parallel-import vehicle dealership business.

● (iii) Entour Solutions LLC (“Entour”), an LLC organized on April 8, 2021 under the laws of the State of New York, which was acquired by Cheetah Net from Daihan Ding, the previous owner of Entour, for a total consideration of $100 on April 9, 2021. Entour did not have any business activities until acquired by Cheetah Net. Currently, Entour is engaged in parallel-import vehicle dealership business.

● (iv) Cheetah Net Logistics LLC (“Logistics”), an LLC organized on October 12, 2022 under the laws of the State of New York, whose previous sole member and owner, Hanzhang Li, the previous owner of Logistics, for a total consideration of $100, assigned all his membership interests in Logistics to Cheetah Net on October 19, 2022 . Currently, Logistics is engaged in parallel-import vehicle dealership business.

● (v) Edward Transit Express Group Inc. (“Edward”), a corporation incorporated on July 14, 2010 under the laws of the State of California, whose previous sole shareholder and owner, Juguang Zhang, transferred all his right, title, and interest in and to all of the issued and outstanding shares of Edward to Cheetah Net for a total consideration of $1,500,000 in cash and Cheetah Net’s Class A common stock through a stock purchase agreement dated January 24, 2024, as amended. Currently, Edward is engaged in ocean and air transportation services.

On May 23, 2024, the Company dissolved two wholly owned subsidiaries, Canaan International LLC, an LLC organized on December 5, 2018 under the laws of the State of North Carolina, and Canaan Limousine LLC, an LLC organized on February 10, 2021 under the laws of the State of South Carolina.

The Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries are engaged in two primary sectors: the parallel-import vehicle dealership business and comprehensive logistics and warehousing business.

Parallel-import Vehicles

In the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”), parallel-import vehicles refer to vehicles purchased by dealers directly from overseas markets and imported for sale through channels other than brand manufacturers’ official distribution systems. The Company purchases automobiles from the U.S. market through its team of professional purchasing agents and resells the automobiles to parallel-import vehicle dealers in the U.S. and the PRC.

5

Logistics and Warehousing

The Company’s subsidiary, Edward, operates as a licensed Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier. It manages freight forwarding, including shipment consolidation and carrier selection, aimed at optimizing shipping operations. Edward also provides warehousing services encompassing fulfillment, storage, and inventory management, crucial for supporting both the Company’s operations and its clients’ logistics needs.

NOTE 2 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and noted thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-41761), filed with the SEC on March 18, 2024 (the “Annual Report”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary to make the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements not misleading have been included. Operating results for the interim period ended June 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All inter-company balances and transactions are eliminated upon consolidation.

Uses of estimates

In preparing the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates are based on information as of the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Significant estimates required to be made by management include, but are not limited to, the valuation of accounts receivables, the valuation of inventory, the revenue recognition, and the realization of deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in bank and interest-bearing certificates of deposit with an initial term of three months when purchased.

	June 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
		(Unaudited)
Cash held in Current Accounts	$	5,292,901	$	432,998
Certificate of Deposit		1,000,000		—
Total cash and cash equivalents shown in the statements of cash flows	$	6,292,901	$	432,998

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable represent the amounts that the Company has an unconditional right to consideration, which are stated at the original amount less an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company reviews the accounts receivable on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual balances. The Company usually determines the adequacy of reserves for doubtful accounts based on individual account analysis and historical collection trends. The Company establishes a provision for doubtful receivables when there is objective evidence that the Company may not be able to collect amounts due. The allowance is based on management’s best estimates of specific losses on individual exposures, as well as a provision on historical trends of collections. The provision is recorded against accounts receivable balances, with a corresponding charge recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Delinquent account balances are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is remote. In circumstances in which the Company

6

receives payments for accounts receivable that have previously been written off, the Company reverses the allowance and bad debt expenses. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there was no allowance for doubtful accounts recorded as the Company considers all of the outstanding accounts receivable fully collectible.

Loans receivable

The Company’s loans receivable are recognized at the point of loan disbursement, initially measured at fair value, primarily reflecting the disbursed amount and associated transaction costs. Both secured and unsecured lending are encompassed in these receivables, with terms including varying interest rates and maturity dates. Subsequently, these receivables are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, which ensures the accurate recognition of interest income over the loan period. The interest rates for these loans may be subject to change based on the terms of loan agreements. Periodic reviews of the loan portfolio are conducted to assess for impairment, utilizing the expected credit loss model. This approach considers historical credit loss experience, current conditions, and reasonable forecasts in estimating potential credit losses. As of the end of the reporting periods, no impairment allowance was recorded for these loans receivable.

Inventory

Inventory consists of new vehicles held for sale and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the specific identification method. The value of inventory mainly includes the cost of auto vehicles purchased from U.S. automobile dealers, non-refundable sales tax, and dealership service fees. The Company reviews its inventory periodically if any reserves are necessary for potential shrinkage. The Company recorded no inventory reserve as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Additionally, the Company did not hold any inventory within the logistics and warehousing business segment as of June 30, 2024.

Property, plant, and equipment, net

Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment charges. Depreciation is calculated primarily based on the straight-line method (after taking into account their respective estimated residual values) over the estimated useful lives of the assets:

Property, plant, and equipment	Estimated useful life
Motor vehicles	10 years
Leasehold improvements	3-6 years

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not materially extend the useful lives of the assets, are charged to expense as incurred. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments which substantially extend the useful life of assets are capitalized.

Intangible assets, net

The Company’s intangible assets consist of developed technology, customer relationships, and trade names, which are amortized on a straight-line basis or over their respective useful lives using patterns that reflect the economic benefits the assets are expected to realize. The Company reviews its intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable.

Amortization of intangible assets is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as below:

Intangible assets	Estimated useful life
Developed Technology	7 years
Customer relationships	12 years
Trade names	7 years

The estimated useful lives of intangible assets with finite lives are reassessed if circumstances occur that indicate the original estimated useful lives have changed.

The Company did not recognize any indefinite-lived intangible assets for the six months ended June 30, 2024.

7

Fair value of financial instruments

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

● Level 1 — inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

● Level 2 — inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted market prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

● Level 3 — inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable.

Unless otherwise disclosed, the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivable, loans receivable, loans payable, deferred revenue, and other payables and other current liabilities, approximated the fair value of the respective assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 based upon the short-term nature of the assets and liabilities.

The Company believes that the carrying amount of long-term loans approximated fair value as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 based on the terms of the borrowings and current market rates as the rates of the borrowings are reflective of the current market rates.

Leases

The Company follows Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 842, Leases (“Topic 842”). The Company leases office space, which is classified as operating leases in accordance with Topic 842. Under Topic 842, lessees are required to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases, usually with an initial term of 12 months or less) on the commencement date: (i) lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (ii) right-of-use (“ROU”) asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term.

At the commencement date, the Company recognizes the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments not yet paid, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate for the same term as the underlying lease. The ROU asset is recognized initially at cost, which primarily comprises the initial amount of the lease liability, plus any initial direct costs incurred, consisting mainly of brokerage commissions, less any lease incentives received. All ROU assets are reviewed for impairment annually. There was no impairment for ROU lease assets as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Goodwill

The Company records goodwill as the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is an operating segment, or one level below. The Company has one reporting unit. The Company measures goodwill impairment, if any, as the amount by which the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill.

The review of goodwill impairment consists of either using a qualitative approach to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the assets is less than their respective carrying values or a one-step quantitative impairment test. In performing the qualitative assessment, the Company considers many factors in evaluating whether the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable, including declines in the Company’s stock price and market capitalization of the Company and macroeconomic conditions. If, based on the results of the qualitative assessment, it is concluded that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, additional quantitative impairment testing is performed. The quantitative test requires that the carrying value of each reporting unit be compared with its estimated fair value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit is greater than its fair value, a goodwill impairment charge will be recorded for the difference (up to the carrying value of goodwill). The Company uses the income approach and/or a market-based approach to determine the reporting units’ fair values, which are based on discounted cash flows. The determination of discounted cash flows of the reporting units and assets and liabilities within the reporting units requires

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significant estimates and assumptions. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making these estimates, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Impairment of Long-lived assets

The Company reviews long-lived assets to be held-and-used for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. If an impairment indicator is present, the Company evaluates recoverability by comparing the carrying amount of the asset group to the sum of the undiscounted expected future cash flows over the remaining useful life of a long-lived asset group. If the assets are impaired, an impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds the fair value of the asset. The Company estimates fair value using the expected future cash flows discounted at a rate consistent with the risks associated with the recovery of the asset.

Revenue recognition

ASC 606 establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity’s contracts to provide goods or services to customers. The core principle requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that it expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods or services recognized as performance obligations are satisfied. ASC 606 requires the use of a new five-step model to recognize revenue from customer contracts. The five-step model requires that the Company (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation. The application of the five-step model to the revenue streams compared to the prior guidance did not result in significant changes in the way the Company records its revenue. Under the new guidance, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the new guidance requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.

The Company operates in two business segments: parallel-import vehicle dealership and logistics and warehousing services. Revenue from the parallel-import vehicle dealership business is generated from the sales of parallel-import vehicles to both domestic and overseas parallel-import car dealers. It purchases automobiles from the U.S. market through its team of professional purchasing agents, and mainly resells them to parallel-import car dealers in the U.S. and the PRC. In accordance with ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue at the point in time when the performance obligation has been satisfied and control of the vehicles has been transferred to the dealers. For sales to U.S. domestic parallel-import car dealers, revenue is recognized when a vehicle is delivered, and its title has been transferred to the dealers. For overseas sales, the Company sells vehicles under Cost and Freight (“CFR”) shipping point terms, and revenue is recognized when a vehicle is loaded on a cargo ship and its title has been transferred to the dealers. The Company accounts for the revenue generated from sales of vehicles on a gross basis as the Company is acting as a principal in these transactions, is subject to inventory risk, has latitude in establishing prices, and is responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide customers the specified goods, which the Company has control of the goods and has the ability to direct the use of goods to obtain substantially all the benefits. All of the Company’s contracts have one single performance obligation as the promise is to transfer the individual vehicle to parallel-import vehicle dealers, and there is no separately identifiable other promise in the contracts. The Company’s vehicles are sold with no right of return and the Company does not provide other credits or sales incentives to parallel-import car dealers. Historically, no customer returns have occurred. Therefore, the Company did not provide any sales return allowances for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

In the logistics and warehousing services segment, revenue from freight forwarding services, both export and import, is recognized when the services are provided, based on the relative transit time. The Company’s role as the principal in these services involves managing the entire shipping process from origin to destination, allowing revenue recognition on a gross basis throughout the transit period. For warehousing services, revenue is primarily derived from storage fees, which are recognized based on the actual number of days the goods are stored in the warehouse while awaiting further transportation. Across all operations, the Company maintains a principal position, controlling the goods and services, bearing inventory and pricing risks, and fulfilling performance obligations directly. Each contract is typically structured with a single performance obligation without allowances for returns or sales incentives, ensuring straightforward revenue recognition with no provisions for sales return allowances based on historical experiences of no returns.

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Contract balances and remaining performance obligations

The Company did not have any contract assets or liabilities as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company disaggregates its revenue by type and geographic areas, as the Company believes it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of the revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The Company’s disaggregation of revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Revenue from Parallel-Import Vehicles
U.S. domestic market	$	200,297	$	5,257,545	$	200,297	$	6,915,780
Overseas market		—		6,965,481		1,430,951		15,521,688
Revenue from Logistics and Warehousing
U.S. domestic market		50,236		—		99,715		—
Overseas market		43,327		—		70,682		—
Total revenue	$	293,860	$	12,223,026	$	1,801,645	$	22,437,468

Geographic information

The Company’s total revenue by geographic area for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
U.S. domestic market	$	250,533	$	5,257,545	$	300,012	$	6,915,780
Overseas market		43,327		6,965,481		1,501,633		15,521,688
Total revenue	$	293,860	$	12,223,026	$	1,801,645	$	22,437,468

Cost of revenues

Parallel-import Vehicles Segment

Cost of parallel import vehicle revenue mainly includes the cost of vehicles purchased from U.S. automobile dealers, non-refundable sales tax, dealership service fees, and other expenses. It also includes fulfillment expenses, which consist primarily of (i) vehicle warehousing and towing fees, (ii) vehicle insurance expenses, (iii) commissions paid to purchasing agents incurred in vehicle pick-up and the vehicle title transfer process, (iv) broker consulting fees incurred to acquire new vehicles, and (v) purchase department labor costs.

Logistics and Warehousing Segment

Cost of logistics and warehousing service revenue mainly includes the cost of freight and fulfillment expenses.

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, the Company determines deferred tax assets and liabilities on the basis of differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities by using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized as income in the period that includes the enactment date.

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The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent that it believes that these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. The Company has not assessed a valuation allowance as it determines it is more likely than not that all deferred tax assets will be realized before expiration.

The Company records uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, on the basis of a two-step process in which (1) the Company determines whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the Company recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority. The Company records interest and penalties related to an uncertain tax position, is and when required, as part of income tax expenses in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company does not believe that there were any uncertain tax positions as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The Company and its U.S. operating subsidiaries are subject to the U.S. tax laws. The Company elected to file income taxes as a corporation instead of an LLC for the tax years ended December 31, 2020 through December 31, 2021. As of June 30, 2024, the Company’s consolidated income tax returns for the tax years ended December 31, 2020 through December 31, 2023 remained open for statutory examination by U.S. tax authorities.

(Loss) Earnings per share

The Company computes (loss) earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share” (“ASC 260”). ASC 260 requires companies with complex capital structures to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of potential common shares (e.g., convertible securities, options, and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential common shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, there were no dilutive shares outstanding.

Related parties and transactions

The Company identifies related parties, and accounts for and discloses related party transactions in accordance with ASC 850, “Related Party Disclosures” and other relevant ASC standards.

Parties, which can be a corporation or individual, are considered related if the Company has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operational decisions. Corporations are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or common significant influence.

Transactions between related parties commonly occurring in the normal course of business are considered to be related party transactions. Transactions between related parties are also considered to be related party transactions even though they may not be given accounting recognition.

Shipping and handling costs

Shipping and handling costs, which are associated with shipping and delivery of vehicles to automobile dealers, are expensed as incurred and are included in selling expenses in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Total shipping and handling expenses were nil and $20,610 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $78,252 and $291,712 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

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Segment reporting

The Company uses the management approach in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal reporting used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker for making operating decisions about the allocation of resources of the segment and the assessment of its performance in determining the Company’s reportable operating segments. Management has determined that the Company has two operating segments—the parallel-import vehicle segment and the logistics and warehousing segment.

Recent accounting pronouncements

In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07 (the “Update”), which applies to all public entities that are required to report segment information in accordance with Topic 280, Segment Reporting. Currently, Topic 280 requires that a public entity disclose certain information about its reportable segments. For example, a public entity is required to report a measure of segment profit or loss that the chief operating decision maker uses to assess segment performance and make decisions about allocating resources. Topic 280 also requires other specified segment items and amounts, such as depreciation, amortization, and depletion expense, to be disclosed under certain circumstances. The amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company will adopt this Update within its annual reporting period beginning on January 1, 2024 and is evaluating the impact of the adoption on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 3 — ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Accounts receivable consisted of the following:

	June 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Accounts receivable
Parallel-import Vehicles	$	5,099,841	$	6,494,695
Logistics and Warehousing		28,278		—
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts		—		—
Total accounts receivable	$	5,128,119	$	6,494,695

The Company’s accounts receivable primarily include balances generated from (i) selling parallel-import vehicles to both domestic and overseas parallel-import car dealers and (ii) providing logistics and warehousing services to both domestic and overseas customers, which have not been collected as of the balance sheet dates.

Parallel-import Vehicles Segment

The Company identified four accounts with deferred payments overdue for over 150 days, totaling approximately $3.9 million of the $4.8 million total deferred payment balances as of June 30, 2024, which were backed by third-party guarantees. During the first half of 2024, the Company successfully collected approximately $1.8 million of the December 31, 2023 overdue balance. After a thorough assessment, these accounts were classified as fully collectible despite the delay. As of June 30, 2024, the following table summarizes the Company’s accounts receivable aging:

	June 30,
	2024
Accounts receivable aging:
Less than 150 days	$	262,905
151-180 days		104,307
181-210 days		193,578
Over 210 days		4,539,051
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts		—
Total accounts receivable	$	5,099,841

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The accounts receivable transactions in connection with letters of credit with book value of $1,084,775 were pledged as collateral to guarantee the Company’s borrowings from two third-party lending companies as of December 31, 2023 (see Note 9). There were none pledged as collateral as of June 30, 2024. As of the date of this report, the Company has collected approximately $0.5 million in accounts receivable. The Company continuously monitors the collection of accounts receivable and will make adjustments as necessary based on the ongoing assessment of credit risk and payment performance.

NOTE 4 — LOANS RECEIVABLE

Loans receivable consisted of the following:

	June 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Vehicle pledge loan receivable	$	—	$	172,500
Short-term loan	$	1,000,000		500,000
Total loans receivable	$	1,000,000	$	672,500

On December 6, 2023, the Company entered into two vehicle pledge loan agreements with a customer, securing the loans with the customer’s vehicle inventory. The aggregate principal for these loans was set at $172,500, determined as 90% of each pledged vehicles’ manufacturer’s suggested retail price. The initial term of each agreement was 90 days. The loans had an annual interest rate of 14.4% for the first 90 days and 18.0% for any duration beyond that. As of June 30, 2024, both vehicle pledge loans were repaid.

On December 11, 2023, the Company provided an unsecured short-term loan to one of its customers. The principal amount of the loan was $500,000. This loan carried an annual interest rate of 12.0% and was originally set to mature on February 12, 2024. However, on the maturity date, the Company and the borrower agreed to amend the terms of the loan to extend the maturity date to June 12, 2024, and increase the annual interest rate to 18.0% for the extension period. No impairment is required as the loan had been assessed as collectible. Interest accrued through February 12, 2024, remained at the original rate of 12.0% per annum, and any interest accruing after this date was subject to the new rate of 18.0% per annum. As of June 30, 2024, the customer had fully repaid the principal of the loan.

On June 20, 2024, the Company entered into an unsecured short-term loan agreement with Hongkong Sanyou Petroleum Co Limited. The principal amount of the loan was $1,000,000. This loan carried an annual interest rate of 12.0% and was set to mature in 12 months.

Interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 was $22,326 and $49,072, respectively. These amounts were accrued and recognized as interest receivable. The balance as of June 30, 2024 has been fully collected as of the date of this quarterly report.

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NOTE 5 — OTHER RECEIVABLES

Other receivables consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(Unaudited)
Parallel-import Vehicles:
Vehicle Deposit(1)	$	100,800	$	162,159
Rent Deposit		17,375		22,095
Sales Tax Refundable(2)		42,835		217,892
Interest Receivable		49,080		5,423
Others(3)		673,991		3,351
Logistics and Warehousing
Custom Duties Receivable (4)		4,019		—
Others		23,397		—
Subtotal		911,497		410,920
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts		—		—
Total Other Receivables	$	911,497	$	410,920

(1) Vehicle deposits represent security deposits paid to U.S. automobile dealers to reserve vehicles.

(2) Sales tax refundable represents vehicle sales tax exempted in some states and to be refunded by the tax authorities.

(3) Includes $672,984 in accounts receivable collected through a third party on behalf of the Company.

(4) Custom Duties receivable represent fees paid to U.S. customs on behalf of customers.

NOTE 6 — PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property consisted of the following:

	Estimated Useful Life
	in Years	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Motor Vehicles	10	$	365,000		—
Leasehold improvements	3-6		60,795		—
Sub total			425,795		—
Less accumulated depreciation			(7,636)		—
Property, plant, and equipment, net		$	418,159	$	—

NOTE 7 — LEASES

The Company leases office spaces from various third parties under non-cancelable operating leases, with terms ranging from 12 to 55 months. The Company considers the renewal or termination options that are reasonably certain to be exercised in the determination of the lease term and initial measurement of ROU assets and lease liabilities. Lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet.

The Company determines whether a contract is or contains a lease at the inception of the contract and whether that lease meets the classification criteria of a finance or operating lease. When available, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to discount lease payments to present value; however, most of the Company’s leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, the Company discounts lease payments based on an estimate of its incremental borrowing rate.

The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

On April 28, 2023, the Company entered a First Amendment to Lease Agreement (the “Amended Lease”) with one of its landlords, which amended a previous lease agreement between the two parties, whereby the Company leases office space from the landlord with an initial lease term from December 1, 2020 to December 31, 2023. Pursuant to the Amended Lease, the initial lease term was extended for a period commencing January 1, 2024 and expiring February 28, 2027, unless sooner terminated as provided in the Amended Lease.

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The Company was also granted the option to extend the lease term for another three years starting from March 1, 2027 and ending February 28, 2030.

The Company’s subsidiary, Edward, entered into a Second Amendment to Lease Agreement with its landlord on May 22, 2023, which amended a previous lease agreement and the first amendment between the parties, whereby Edward leases a warehouse from the landlord with an initial lease term from June 1, 2013 to July 31, 2018. The lease term was extended to July 31, 2023 by the first amendment. The second amendment further extended the lease to August 31, 2028.

The short-term lease runs month-to-month from January 1, 2024 to August 31, 2024. Both operating lease expense and short-term lease expense are recognized in general and administrative expenses. The components of lease expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30,
	2024		2023
Leases expense
Operating lease expense	$	119,703	$	130,280
Short-term lease expense		47,849		—
Total leases expense	$	167,552	$	130,280

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Right-of-use assets	$	758,647	$	190,823
Operating lease liabilities – current	$	156,460	$	39,703
Operating lease liabilities – non-current		592,904		151,121
Total operating lease liabilities	$	749,364	$	190,824

The weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates for all operating leases were as follows as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Remaining lease term and discount rate:
Weighted average remaining lease term (years)	3.84		3.17
Weighted average discount rate *	12.2	%	17.8	%

*The Company used weighted average incremental borrowing rate of 12.2% per annum for its lease contracts based on the Company’s current borrowings from various financial institutions.

During the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred total operating lease expenses of $81,347 and $74,675, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred total operating lease expenses of $167,552 and $130,280, respectively.

As of June 30, 2024, future maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:

Fiscal Years	Amount
2024 (excluding the six months ended June 30, 2024)	$	123,534
2025		253,349
2026		262,664
2027		199,776
Thereafter		126,976
Total lease payments		966,299
Less: imputed interest		(216,935)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	749,364

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NOTE 8 — Intangible Asset and Goodwill

On January 24, 2024, Cheetah Net entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement to acquire 100% of Edward. The transaction closed on February 2, 2024. The gross purchase price was $1.5 million. Consideration paid consisted of $0.3 million of cash and the issuance of 1,272,329 shares of Cheetah Net’s Class A common stock with a market value of $1.2 million. In accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), the fair value of the stock consideration was $0.9 million at the time of the transaction, reflecting a 25% discount to the market value as determined by a third-party appraisal firm after performing a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of the lock up period on the stock’s market ability and liquidity.

The purchase price was initially recorded on a preliminary basis as of February 2, 2024. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were estimated based on management’s estimates, available information, and supportable assumptions that management considered reasonable. During the second quarter, the Company finalized the purchase price allocation. As a result, adjustments were made, particularly concerning the deferred tax liability related to intangible assets, which led to a corresponding adjustment in the value of goodwill. The final valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed was reflected in the financial statements as of June 30, 2024 and shown below.
​

	As of June 30, 2024		As of March 31, 2024		Change
	Finalized value		Preliminary value		Amount
Acquired assets acquired and (liabilities):
Cash	$	79,883	$	79,883	$	—
Accounts Receivable		47,354		47,354		—
Other Current Assets		42,685		42,685		—
Right-of-use Lease Asset		645,625		645,625		—
Fixed Assets		60,795		60,795		—
Developed Technology		120,000		120,000		—
Customer Relationships		360,000		360,000		—
Trade Names		36,000		36,000		—
Goodwill		568,532		437,382		131,150
Other Noncurrent Assets		27,000		27,000		—
Accounts Payable		(34,686)		(34,686)		—
Accrued Expenses Payable		(20,933)		(20,933)		—
Deferred Tax Liability		(131,150)		—		(131,150)
Operating Lease Liability, Current		(94,548)		(94,548)		—
Operating Lease Liability, Long Term		(506,557)		(506,557)		—
Total Purchase Consideration	$	1,200,000	$	1,200,000	$	—

The fair value of the accounts receivable, other assets, and liabilities assumed approximates their gross contractual amounts. The fair value of the fixed assets approximates its net carrying value as of the acquisition date. The fair values of intangible assets, including developed technology, customer relationships, and trade names were determined using assumptions that are representative of those a market participant would use in estimating fair value.

Amortization of intangible assets with finite lives are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as below:

Intangible Assets	Estimated Useful Lives (month)
Developed Technology	84
Customer Relationships	144
Trade Names	84

During the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred accumulated amortization expenses of $13,071 and nil, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred accumulated amortization expenses of $21,786 and nil, respectively.

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NOTE 9 — LETTER OF CREDIT FINANCING (“LC FINANCING”)

The Company entered into a series of loan agreements with three third-party companies for working capital funding purposes during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. Pursuant to the agreements, loans payable from LC financing were collateralized by letters of credit from overseas sales of parallel-import vehicles. Interest expense is calculated based on the actual number of days elapsed at an interest rate of 18.0% per annum.

The LC financing amounted to $1,004,565 as of December 31, 2023. There was no balance as of June 30, 2024. Interest expense for LC financing was nil and $23,123 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $251,031 and $581,456 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. The accounts receivable transactions in connection with letters of credit having book values of $1,084,775 were pledged as collateral to guarantee the Company’s borrowings from these two third-party lending companies as of December 31, 2023. There were no accounts receivable pledged as collateral as of June 30, 2024. (see Note 3).

NOTE 10 — REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT

On October 5, 2022, the Company entered into two Revolving Line of Credit Agreements (the “Revolving Line of Credit Agreements”) with two third-party companies that have been providing financial support to the Company since 2021. Pursuant to the Revolving Line of Credit Agreements, the Company can borrow under revolving lines of credit of up to $10.0 million and $5.0 million, respectively, from these two third-party companies with a total of $15.0 million for a period of 12 months at a fixed interest rate of 1.5% per month. On December 12, 2022, the Company amended the Revolving Line of Credit Agreements to extend the maturity date to April 2024. The Company has not entered into any new agreements to modify the terms or extend the duration of these facilities.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company did not borrow under the revolving lines of credit. The Company repaid $104,170 during the three months ended June 30, 2024. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the revolving lines of credit balance was $584,541 and $688,711. Interest expense incurred under the revolving lines of credit was $27,899 and $59,235 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $57,398 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

NOTE 11 — PREMIUM FINANCE

On July 31, 2023, the Company entered into a Premium Finance Agreement (the “Premium Finance Agreement”) with National Partners PFco, LLC. Pursuant to the Premium Finance Agreement, the Company borrowed $221,139 for the purchase of its directors and officers insurance, at an annual interest rate of 7.75%.

The premium finance amounted to nil and $148,621 as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Interest expense incurred related to the Premium Finance Agreement was $996 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. No interest expense was incurred related to the Premium Finance Agreement during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.

NOTE 12 — LONG-TERM BORROWINGS

Long-term borrowings consisted of the following:

	June 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Small Business Administration(1)	$	474,576	$	479,124
Thread Capital Inc.(2)		187,360		198,488
Total long-term borrowings	$	661,936	$	677,612
Current portion of long-term borrowings	$	33,721	$	32,887
Non-current portion of long-term borrowings	$	628,215	$	644,725

(1) On May 24, 2020, the Company entered into a loan agreement with the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”), an agency of the U.S. Government, to borrow $150,000 for 30 years, with a maturity date of May 23, 2050. Under the terms of the SBA loan, the loan proceeds are used as working capital to alleviate economic injury caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The loan bears a

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fixed interest rate of 3.75% per annum. Beginning 12 months from the date of this loan agreement, the Company is required to make a monthly installment payment of $731 within the term of loan, with the last installment to be paid in May 2050.

On March 16, 2022, the Company entered into an amended agreement with SBA to borrow an additional $350,000 for 30 years as working capital to alleviate economic injury caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the aggregate, the Company’s borrowings amounted to $500,000 with a maturity date of May 23, 2050. The amended loan bears a fixed interest rate of 3.75% per annum. Beginning from March 2022, 24 months from the date of the original loan agreement, the Company is required to make a new monthly installment payment of $2,485 within the remaining term of loan, with the last installment to be paid in May 2050.

The future maturities of the SBA loan as of June 30, 2024 were as follows:

Fiscal Years	Future repayment
2024 (excluding the six months ended June 30, 2024)	$	6,044
2025		11,024
2026		11,474
2027		11,942
2028		12,429
Thereafter		421,663
Total	$	474,576

(2) On May 15, 2020, the Company entered into a loan agreement with Thread Capital Inc. (“Thread Capital”) to borrow $50,000 as working capital with a maturity date of November 1, 2024. The loan bore a fixed interest rate of 5.50% per annum. This loan agreement was subsequently terminated on May 17, 2021, at which time the Company entered into a new loan agreement with Thread Capital to borrow an additional $171,300 as working capital. In the aggregate, the Company’s borrowings from Thread Capital amounted to $221,300 with a maturity date of May 1, 2031. Interest is payable at a fixed annual interest rate of 0.25% between June 1, 2021 and November 30, 2022. Beginning from December 1, 2022, the loan bears a fixed annual interest rate of 5.5%, and the Company is required to make a monthly installment payment of $2,721 within the remaining term of loan, with the last installment to be paid in May 2031.

The future maturities of the loan from Thread Capital as of June 30, 2024 were as follows:

Fiscal Years	Future repayment
2024 (excluding the six months ended June 30, 2024)	$	11,167
2025		23,553
2026		24,881
2027		26,285
2028		27,768
Thereafter		73,706
Total	$	187,360

For the above-mentioned long-term borrowings, the Company recorded interest expense of $8,011 and $15,563 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $7,849 and $15,794 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

NOTE 13 — RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

a. Nature of relationship with a related party

Name	Relationship with Our Company
Mr. Huan Liu	Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chairman of the Board of Directors

b. Due to a related party

Amount due to a related party represents amounts due to the Company’s CEO and Chairman of the Board of Directors, Mr. Huan Liu, for funds borrowed for working capital purposes during the Company’s normal course of business. These payables are unsecured, non-interest bearing, and due on demand.

18

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company did not borrow any amounts from Mr. Huan Liu. Repayments made to Mr. Huan Liu totaled $13,423 for the six months ended June 30, 2024, all of which occurred in the first quarter. No payments were made to Mr. Huan Liu during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023. There was no balance due to Mr. Huan Liu as of June 30, 2024.

NOTE 14 — INCOME TAXES

The Company and its operating subsidiaries in the United States are subject to federal and various state income taxes. The Company elected to file income taxes as a corporation instead of an LLC for the tax years ended December 31, 2020 through December 31, 2023.

(i) The components of the income tax provision were as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Current:
Federal	$	—	$	(9,517)	$	(128)	$	2,400
State		(700)		(1,283)		4,456		220
Total current income tax provision		(700)		(10,800)		4,328		2,620
Deferred:
Federal		(171,087)		50,633		(337,235)		16,466
State		(75,488)		17,164		(160,082)		(5,077)
Total deferred income tax expenses (benefits)		(246,575)		67,797		(497,317)		11,389
Total income tax benefit	$	(247,275)	$	56,997	$	(492,989)	$	14,009

(ii) Reconciliations of the statutory income tax rate to the effective income tax rate were as follows:

	For the Three Months Ended						For the Six Months Ended
	June 30,						June 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Federal statutory tax rate	$	21.0	%	$	21.0	%	$	21.0	%	$	21.0	%
State statutory tax rate		6.9	%		5.8	%		7.5	%		(6.2)	%
Non-deductible expenses		0.0	%		0.0	%		0.0	%		0.2	%
Non-taxable income		0.6	%		0.0	%		0.3	%		7.7	%
Effective tax rate	$	28.5	%	$	26.8	%	$	28.8	%	$	22.7	%

(iii) Deferred tax assets, net were composed of the following:

	June 30,	December 31,
	2024	2023
	(Unaudited)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carry forwards	532,906	47,905
Lease Liability	175,067	—
Total deferred tax assets	707,973	47,905
Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangible assets	(115,459)	—
Fixed assets	(1,283)	—
Right of use assets	(177,236)	—
Others	635
Total deferred tax liabilities	(293,343)	—
Total deferred tax assets, net	414,630	47,905

19

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had a cumulative U.S. federal net operating loss (“NOL”) of $47,905, which may reduce future federal taxable income. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company’s operations accumulated a NOL of $1,666,246, resulting in a cumulative U.S. federal NOL of $1,877,582, as of June 30, 2024, which is carried forward indefinitely. As of June 30, 2024, the Company also had a cumulative State NOL of $1,984,852, which may reduce future State taxable income, and the State NOL balance as of June 30, 2024 will expire beginning in 2041.

The Company was not previously subject to the interest expense limitation under §163(j) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, due to the small business exemption. Its average annual gross receipts for the three tax years preceding 2022 do not exceed the relevant threshold amount ($27 million for 2022). The Company will no longer meet the small business exception in 2024, but it meets one of the other exceptions to the §163(j) limitation, “floor plan financing indebtedness” (indebtedness used to finance the acquisition of motor vehicles held for sale or lease or secured by such inventory) and will therefore continue to be exempt from the §163(j) interest expenses limitation in 2024.

The Company periodically evaluates the likelihood of the realization of deferred tax assets and reduces the carrying amount of the deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance to the extent it believes a portion will not be realized. Management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, that could affect the Company’s future realization of deferred tax assets including its recent cumulative earnings experience, expectation of future income, the carry forward periods available for tax reporting purposes and other relevant factors. The Company believes that it is more likely than not that its deferred tax assets will be realized before expiration.

NOTE 15 — CONCENTRATIONS

Political and economic risk

The operations of the Company are in the U.S. and the Company’s primary market is in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations may be influenced by political, economic, and legal environments in the U.S. and the PRC, as well as by the general states of the U.S. and the PRC economy. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in the political, regulatory, and social conditions in the U.S. and the PRC. Although the Company has not experienced losses from these situations and believes that it is in compliance with existing laws and regulations, including its organization and structure disclosed in Note 1, such experience may not be indicative of future results.

Credit risk

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all of the Company’s cash was on deposit at financial institutions in the U.S., which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation subject to certain limitations. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Accounts receivable in our parallel - import vehicle business are typically unsecured and derived from revenue earned from parallel-import car dealers, thereby exposing the Company to credit risk. This risk is mitigated by the Company’s assessment of its parallel-import car dealers’ creditworthiness and its ongoing monitoring of outstanding balances.

Concentrations

The Company’s major customers are parallel-import automobile dealers. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, two parallel-import car dealer accounted for 100% (87.7% and 12.3%, respectively) of the Company’s revenue from parallel-import vehicles. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, three parallel-import car dealers accounted for 100% (41.5%, 30.8%, and 27.7%, respectively) of the Company’s total revenue.

As of June 30, 2024, three parallel-import car dealers in our parallel-import vehicles segment accounted for 93.5% (52.4%, 26.2%, and 14.9%, respectively) of the accounts receivable balance.

As of December 31, 2023, three parallel-import car dealers accounted for approximately 98.0% (58.1%, 28.2%, and 11.7%, respectively) of the accounts receivable balance.

20

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company did not purchase any vehicles. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, one U.S.-based automobile dealership accounted for approximately 5.5% and 9.9%, respectively, of the Company’s total purchases.

NOTE 16 — STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

Cheetah Net was established under the laws of the State of North Carolina on August 9, 2016. Under the Company’s amended and restated articles of incorporation on July 11, 2022, the total authorized number of shares of common stock is 100,000,000 with par value of $0.0001, which consists of 91,750,000 shares of Class A common stock and 8,250,000 shares of Class B common stock. Holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock have the same rights except for voting and conversion rights. In respect of matters requiring the votes of stockholders, each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote, and each share of Class B common stock is entitled to 15 votes. Class B common stock is convertible into Class A common stock at any time after issuance at the option of the holder on a one-to-one basis. Class A common stock is not convertible into shares of any other class. The numbers of authorized and outstanding common stock were retroactively applied as if the transaction occurred at the beginning of the period presented.

On June 27, 2022, the Company entered into a subscription agreement with a group of investors (the “Investors”) whereby the Company agreed to sell, and the Investors agreed to purchase, up to 1,666,000 shares of Class A common stock at a purchase price of $1.80 per share. These Investors are unrelated parties to the Company. The gross proceeds were approximately $3.0 million, before deducting offering expenses of approximately $0.3 million. The net proceeds were approximately $2.7 million, of which approximately $1.2 million was received in 2022 and $1.2 million in 2023, for a total receipt of approximately $2.4 million. After negotiations between Rapid Proceed Limited (“Rapid”), one of the Investors, and the Company regarding the fund’s release terms, an agreement was reached on November 2, 2023, stipulating that the outstanding $0.6 million would be paid by Rapid within six months following the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”). On March 13, 2024, considering the impact of market volatility and the long-term benefits of continued cooperation, Rapid requested and the Company agreed to extend the payment due date of the outstanding $0.6 million to September 30, 2024.

On August 3, 2023, the Company closed its IPO of 1,250,000 shares of Class A common stock at a public offering price of $4.00 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $5.0 million before deducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses, including the issuance to the underwriter of warrants to purchase 62,500 shares of common stock (the “Warrants”), with an exercise price of $5.00 per share. The Company’s Class A common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol “CTNT” on August 1, 2023.

On January 24, 2024, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement with Edward and Juguang Zhang, Edward’s sole stockholder (the “Seller”). Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company agreed to acquire 100% of the shares in Edward from the Seller (the “Acquisition”). On February 2, 2024, the Company closed the Acquisition for a total purchase price that included a cash payment of $300,000 and the issuance of 1,272,329 shares of the Company’s unregistered Class A common stock, initially valued at $1,200,000. Subsequent valuation determined the fair value of these shares to be $9 million. Please see Note 8 for further details. As of March 31, 2024, there were 10,938,329 shares of Class A common stock issued and outstanding.

On May 14, 2024, the Company entered into a placement agency agreement with AC Sunshine Securities LLC on a best efforts basis, relating to the Company’s public offering (the “May Offering”) of 13,210,000 shares of Class A common stock for a price of $0.62 per share, less certain placement agent fees. On the same day, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with purchasers identified therein. On May 15, 2024, the Company closed the May Offering pursuant to the prospectus included in its registration statement on Form S – 1, as amended (File No. 333 – 276300), which was initially filed with the SEC on December 28, 2023, and declared effective by the SEC on April 26, 2024, and a registration statement on Form S – 1 (File No. 333 – 279388) filed on May 13, 2024, pursuant to Rule 462 (b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The May Offering resulted in gross proceeds to the Company of approximately $8.19 million, before deducting placement agent fees and other offering expenses and fees.

As of June 30, 2024, there were 24,148,329 shares of Class A common stock and 8,250,000 shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding.

21

Warrants

The Company accounts for stock warrants as either equity instruments or derivative liabilities depending on the specific terms of the warrant agreement. The Warrants are equity-classified as a result of being indexed to the Company’s Class A common stock and meeting certain equity classification criteria, and the instruments will not be remeasured in subsequent periods as long as the instruments continue to meet these accounting criteria. The fair value of the Warrants was recorded to additional paid-in capital within stockholders’ equity.

					Total Common
					Shares Issuable as of
			Exercise		March 31,
Title of Warrant	Date Issued	Expiry Date	Price		2024
Equity-classified warrants
August 2023 – underwriter warrants	8/3/2023	07/31/2026	$	5.00	62,500

Termination of Warrants

On March 4, 2024, the Company and Maxim Group LLC signed an agreement to terminate 62,500 outstanding warrants that had previously been granted to Maxim Group LLC. On March 27, 2024, the Company completed the payment of termination fees totaling $78,125, which was recorded as an offset to additional paid in capital within stockholders’ equity.

NOTE 17 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

On February 23, 2023, the Company filed a complaint in the Supreme Court of the State of New York County against Stefanie A. Rehfeld (the “Defendant”), alleging breach of contract as the Defendant had misappropriated an automobile belonging to the assets of the Company. Pursuant to an independent contractor agreement dated June 30, 2022 between the Company and the Defendant, the Company hired the Defendant to locate and acquire certain new model luxury vehicles. The Company was obligated to fully fund the purchase of each vehicle, and the Defendant was required to locate and acquire the vehicle and turn over title and possession to the Company in exchange for a commission fee. In February 2023, after the Company fully funded the purchase of a 2023 Mercedes Benz GLS 450 (the “Mercedes”) for a total amount of $102,593.50, the Defendant obtained the possession of the Mercedes from a Mercedes Benz dealership and signed a bill of sale with the Company, whereby she agreed to sell, transfer, and convey the title of the Mercedes to the Company. However, the Defendant drove the Mercedes away and failed to transfer the title of the Mercedes to the Company as scheduled. Therefore, the Company is seeking to require the Defendant to transfer title and deliver possession of the Mercedes to the Company and recover the costs incurred in retrieving the car, or alternatively, the monetary damages resulting from the Defendant’s misappropriation of the Mercedes, including the court costs and attorneys’ fees and expenses reasonably incurred. On April 25, 2023, the Supreme Court of the State of New York County granted the Company’s motion for summary judgment on its second and fourth causes of action, ruling in favor of the Company. On August 7, 2024, an inquest was conducted to determine the precise amount owed to the Company. Based on the outcome of the current motion and the Company’s overall assessment of the case, the Company believes it will be successful in this litigation. As of the date of this quarterly report, the Mercedes has been found by the police and returned to the Company.

NOTE 18 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On July 2, 2024, the Company’s stockholders approved its third amended and restated articles of incorporation, which specifies that the Company is authorized to issue 891,750,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 108,250,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. The Company also has the authority to issue 500,000 shares of preferred stock as deemed necessary with a par value per share equal to the par value per share of the Class A common stock.

On July 11, 2024, the Company received a letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, notifying the Company that, for the last 30 consecutive business days, the closing bid price for the Company’s Class A common stock was below $1.00 per share, which is the minimum closing bid price required for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2). The letter also specifies that the Company is provided a compliance period of 180 calendar days (under certain circumstances, an additional 180 calendar days period may be provided) to regain compliance with the minimum closing bid price requirement. If the Company fails to regain compliance during the specified compliance period(s), the Class A common stock will be subject to delisting.

22

On July 19, 2024, the Company entered into a lease agreement (the “Lease”) with Zina Development, LLC, a California LLC (the “Lessor”), for office space of approximately 15,000 square feet located at 8707 Research Drive, Irvine, CA 92618 (the “Property”). The Company plans to use the Property for general office purposes. The Lease commenced on July 23, 2024 and will expire on July 31, 2027. The monthly base rent ranges from $42,000 to $45,427, adjusted gradually over the Lease’s term. The Company posted a security deposit of $100,000, which is subject to use by the Lessor under certain circumstances, per the terms of the Lease. The Lease also contains customary termination, renewal, and expense arrangement provisions.

On July 22, 2024, the Company entered into a short-term loan agreement with Hongkong Sanyou Petroleum Co Limited. The principal amount of the loan was $1,500,000. This loan carried an annual interest rate of 12.0% and was set to mature in 12 months.

On July 25, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain institutional investors for a follow-on offering of 6,479,663 shares of its Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, at a price of $0.23 per share. On the same day, the Company entered into a placement agency with FT Global Capital, Inc., who acted as the exclusive placement agent on a best efforts basis in connection with such offering. Pursuant to the placement agency agreement, the Company agreed to pay the FT Global Capital, Inc. a cash fee of 7.25% of the aggregate purchase price for the shares of Class A common stock sold in the offering, and to reimburse FT Global Capital, Inc. for its expenses up to $90,000 in the aggregate. The Company closed the offering on July 26, 2024. The Company intends to use the net proceeds received from the offering for working capital and general corporate purposes.

On August 1, 2024, the Company entered into a premium finance agreement (the “Premium Finance Agreement”) with ETI Financial Corporation to finance the purchase of its directors and officers’ insurance. Pursuant to the Premium Finance Agreement, the Company borrowed $205,774.80 at an annual interest rate of 8.51%. The loan is structured to be repaid in 10 monthly installments, starting with the first payment on September 1, 2024.

23

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

Forward-Looking Statements

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements.” All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws, including, but not limited to: any projections of earnings, revenue, or other financial items; any statements regarding the adequacy, availability, and sources of capital, any statements of the plans, strategies, and objectives of management for future operations; any statements concerning proposed new products, services, or developments; any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; any statements of belief; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Forward-looking statements may include the words “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “intend,” “continue,” “believe,” “expect,” “plan,” “project,” or “anticipate,” and other similar words. In addition to any assumptions and other factors and matters referred to specifically in connection with such forward-looking statements, factors that could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements include those factors set forth in the “Risk Factors” section included in our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-280743), as amended, which was initially filed with the SEC on July 10, 2024 and declared effective by the SEC on July 15, 2024.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed. Our future financial condition and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and to inherent risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed in this quarterly report. We do not intend, and undertake no obligation, to update any forward-looking statement, except as required by law.

The information included in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in the Annual Report.

Business Overview and Recent Developing Trends

We are a provider of warehousing and logistics services, historically in connection with the sale of parallel-import vehicles sourced in the U.S. to be sold in the PRC market, and more recently for the transportation of other goods between the U.S. and the PRC. We began our operations in 2016 exclusively as a parallel-import vehicle dealer for luxury brand automobiles but have now focused on facilitating non-vehicle trade in view of the continued weakness for imported automobiles in the PRC.

From 2016 to the first half of 2022, we experienced significant growth in sales volume, revenue, and gross profit due to our core strengths and a favorable economic climate. Since the second half of 2023, the market for new luxury vehicles in the PRC has been negatively impacted by weak economic conditions and a shift in consumer demand towards electric vehicles (“EVs”), mainly those produced domestically by PRC manufacturers. Luxury import brand dealers have responded to these threats by discounting the sale price of their vehicles, which has lately prevented us from generating a profit from the sale of parallel import vehicles. These adverse market conditions have continued in the first half of 2024 and we are unable to predict the point at which a positive spread between the price of vehicles sourced from brand manufacturers’ official distribution systems compared with those sourced via the parallel-import market will return.

To diversify our revenue and further leverage our in-depth expertise in the parallel-import vehicle industry, we have embarked on a plan to acquire logistics and warehousing businesses with the goals to reduce costs and increase efficiency in managing the transaction cycle. In February 2024, we successfully completed the acquisition of Edward Transit Express Group Inc. (“Edward”) and started providing our own logistics and warehousing services. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, we generated revenues of approximately $0.2 million from logistics and warehousing services, representing approximately 31.8% of our total revenues for the period.

We are committed to streamlining operations to reduce costs, enhance efficiency, and attract new clients. Management believes these strategic initiatives will position the Company for sustainable growth and increased market share.

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Results of Operations

Revenues

The Company operates in two business segments: parallel-import vehicle sales and logistics and warehousing services. Revenue from the parallel-import vehicle dealership business is generated from the sale of parallel-import vehicles to both domestic and overseas parallel-import car dealers. We purchase automobiles from the U.S. market through our team of professional purchasing agents, and resell them mainly to parallel-import car dealers in the U.S. and the PRC. In accordance with ASC 606, we recognize revenue when the performance obligation has been satisfied and control of the vehicles has been transferred to the dealers. For sales to U.S. domestic parallel-import car dealers, revenue is recognized when a vehicle is delivered, and its title has been transferred to the dealers. For overseas sales, the Company sells vehicles under CFR shipping terms, and revenue is recognized when a vehicle is loaded on a cargo ship and its title has been transferred to the dealers. We account for the revenue generated from sales of vehicles on a gross basis as we are acting as a principal in these transactions, are subject to inventory risk, have latitude in establishing prices, and are responsible for fulfilling customer orders.

In the logistics and warehousing services segment, revenue from freight forwarding services, both export and import, is recognized when the services are provided, based on the relative transit time. Our role as the principal in these services involves managing the entire shipping process from origin to destination, allowing revenue recognition on a gross basis throughout the transit period. For warehousing services, revenue is primarily derived from storage fees, which are recognized based on the actual number of days the goods are stored in the warehouse while awaiting further transportation.

Cost of Revenues

Our cost of revenue from parallel-import vehicles sold mainly comprises (i) the purchase cost of vehicles, including dealership service fees and non-refundable taxes incurred during procurement, and (ii) fulfillment expenses, mainly including (a) compensation and bonuses for staff in the purchasing department, (b) commission paid to purchasing agents, (c) transportation and storage costs for vehicles, and (d) consulting fees paid to dealer experts to assist us in making the best purchase decisions. Allowance for slow-moving inventories is also included in the cost of revenue when our cost of inventory is higher than net realizable value.

Our cost of revenue from logistics and warehousing service mainly includes the associated costs of freight and fulfillment expenses. We act as a principal, controlling the goods and services, bearing inventory and pricing risks, and fulfill performance obligations directly.

Interest Expense, Net

In the past, to improve our cash flow and support parallel-import vehicles business, we obtained loans from finance companies through (i) LC financing by using letters of credit from our international customers in overseas sales of parallel-import vehicles as collateral, and (ii) accessing revolving lines of credit to further support our operations and strategic initiatives. Accrued interest is recorded as interest expense.

Risks and Uncertainties

Our operations are in the U.S. and our primary market is in the PRC. Accordingly, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be influenced by political, economic, and legal environments in the U.S. and the PRC, as well as by the general state of the U.S. and the PRC economies. Our results may be adversely affected by changes in the political, regulatory, and social conditions in the U.S. and the PRC.

Risks and uncertainties related to our business include, but are not limited to, the following:

● Changes in consumer demand in the Chinese market towards fuel-efficient vehicles and EVs, or a general declining purchasing power of PRC consumers, may adversely affect our vehicle sales volumes and results of operations;

● The PRC government policies on the purchase and ownership of automobiles and stricter emissions standards may reduce the market demand for the automobiles we sell and thus negatively affect our business and growth prospects;

25

● Any adverse change in political relations between the PRC and the U.S. or any other country where those brands originate, including the ongoing trade conflicts between the U.S. and the PRC, may negatively affect our business;

● The ongoing military conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and between Israel and several of its regional adversaries could materially and adversely affect the global economy and capital markets, including significant volatility in commodity prices, especially energy prices, credit and capital markets, as well as supply chain interruptions; and

● Inflation in the economy may result in higher interest rates and capital costs, shipping costs, supply shortages, and increased costs of labor, and may adversely affect our liquidity, business, financial condition, and results of operations, particularly if we are unable to achieve commensurate increases in the prices we charge our customers.

Our business, financial condition, and results of operations may also be negatively impacted by risks related to natural disasters, extreme weather conditions, health epidemics, and other catastrophic incidents, which could significantly disrupt our operations.

Comparison of Results of Operations for the periods presented:

	Three months ended June 30,								Change				Six Months Ended June 30,								Change
	2024				2023				Amount		%		2024				2023				Amount		%
	USD		%		USD		%						USD		%		USD		%
Revenues
Parallel-import Vehicles	$	200,297	68.2	%	$	12,223,026	100.0	%	$	(12,022,729)	(98.4)	%	$	1,631,248	90.5	%	$	22,437,468	100.0	%	$	(20,806,220)	(92.7)	%
Logistics and Warehousing		93,563	31.8	%		—	—	%		93,563	100.0	%		170,397	9.5	%		—	—	%		170,397	100.0	%
Total Revenues		293,860	100.0	%		12,223,026	100.0	%		(11,929,167)	(97.6)	%		1,801,645	100.0	%		22,437,468	100.0	%		(20,635,823)	(92.0)	%
Cost of Revenues
Cost of vehicles		200,297	68.3	%		10,319,991	84.4	%		(10,119,694)	(98.1)	%		1,515,270	84.2	%		18,824,494	83.9	%		(17,309,224)	(92.0)	%
Fulfillment expenses		15,537	5.3	%		650,666	5.3	%		(635,129)	(97.6)	%		140,798	7.8	%		1,217,548	5.4	%		(1,076,750)	(88.4)	%
Ocean Freight Costs		45,598	15.5	%		—	—	%		45,598	100.0	%		88,098	4.9	%		—	—	%		88,098	100.0	%
Total cost of revenues		261,432	89.1	%		10,970,657	89.7	%		(10,709,225)	(97.6)	%		1,744,166	96.9	%		20,042,042	89.3	%		(18,297,876)	(91.3)	%
Gross Profit (Loss)		32,428	11.0	%		1,252,369	10.3	%		(1,219,941)	(97.4)	%		57,479	3.2	%		2,395,426	10.7	%		(2,337,947)	(97.6)	%
Selling expenses		19,422	6.6	%		141,340	1.2	%		(121,918)	(86.3)	%		98,262	5.5	%		419,123	1.9	%		(320,861)	(76.6)	%
General and administrative expenses		865,354	294.5	%		565,400	4.6	%		299,954	53.1	%		1,632,996	90.6	%		1,146,470	5.1	%		486,526	42.4	%
Total operating expenses		884,776	301.1	%		706,740	5.8	%		178,036	25.2	%		1,731,258	96.1	%		1,565,593	7.0	%		165,665	10.6	%
(Loss) Income From Operations		(852,348)	(290.1)	%		545,629	4.5	%		(1,397,977)	(256.2)	%		(1,673,779)	(92.9)	%		829,833	3.7	%		(2,503,612)	(301.7)	%
Other (Expense) Income
Interest expense, net		(36,200)	(12.3)	%		(334,855)	(2.7)	%		298,655	(89.2)	%		(98,965)	(5.5)	%		(771,914)	(3.4)	%		672,949	(87.2)	%
Other income, net		28,393	9.7	%		1,968	—	%		26,425	1,342.7	%		57,945	3.2	%		3,902	—	%		54,043	1,385.0	%
Total other expense, net		(7,807)	(2.6)	%		(332,887)	(2.7)	%		325,080	(97.7)	%		(41,020)	(2.3)	%		(768,012)	(3.4)	%		726,992	(94.7)	%
(Loss) Income before Income Tax Provision		(860,155)	(292.7)	%		212,742	1.8	%		(1,072,897)	(504.3)	%		(1,714,799)	(95.2)	%		61,821	0.3	%		(1,776,620)	(2,873.8)	%
Income tax (benefit) provision		(247,275)	(84.1)	%		56,997	0.5	%		(304,272)	(533.8)	%		(492,989)	(27.4)	%		14,009	0.1	%		(506,998)	(3,619.1)	%
Net (Loss) Income	$	(612,880)	(208.6)	%	$	155,745	1.3	%	$	(768,625)	(493.5)	%	$	(1,221,810)	(67.8)	%	$	47,812	0.2	%	$	(1,269,622)	(2,655.4)	%

Comparison of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Revenues

For the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, revenue decreased by $11.9 million, or 97.6%, from approximately $12.2 million to $0.3 million. This substantial decrease was primarily due to the continued decline in our parallel-import vehicles business. The newly established logistics and warehousing segment, operational since the acquisition of Edward in February 2024, generated revenue of $0.1 million, representing about 31.8% to our total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2024.

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Parallel-import Vehicles Segment

We continue to face significant challenges in the parallel-import vehicle market. Revenue from vehicle sales decreased by $12.0 million, or 98.4%, from approximately $12.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to the ongoing economic weakness in the PRC and a sustained shift in consumer preferences towards domestically produced EVs. Additionally, more aggressive pricing strategies adopted by luxury import brand manufacturers have further compressed our margins in this segment. These evolving market dynamics have led to a reduction in our vehicle sales volume and associated revenues. For the three months ended June 30, 2024, we sold one vehicle, compared with 93 for the three months ended June 30, 2023.

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Change Amount		Change	%
Revenue from parallel-import vehicles:
U.S. domestic market	$	200,297	$	5,257,545	$	(5,057,248)	(96.2)	%
Overseas market		—		6,695,481		(6,695,481)	(100.0)	%
Total	$	200,297	$	12,223,026	$	(12,022,729)	(98.4)	%

Cost of Revenue from Parallel-import Vehicles

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Change Amount		Change	%
Cost of Revenue from parallel-import vehicles sold
Cost of Vehicles sold	$	200,297	$	10,319,991	$	(10,119,694)	(98.1)	%
Fulfillment Expenses		15,537		650,666		(635,129)	(97.6)	%
Total Cost of Revenue from parallel-import vehicles sold	$	215,834	$	10,970,657	$	(10,754,823)	(98.0)	%

Our total cost of revenue from parallel-import vehicles sold decreased by approximately $10.8 million, or 98.0%, to $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 from $11.0 million for the same period of 2023. For the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, total cost as a percentage of revenue was 107.8% and 89.8%, respectively. Our total cost of revenue from parallel-import vehicles sold decreased in line with the reduced revenue.

Cost of Vehicles

Total cost of vehicles sold decreased by $10.1 million, or 98.1%, to $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 from $10.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. We sold one vehicle during the three months ended June 30, 2024, and 93 vehicles during the three months ended June 30, 2023.

The cost of vehicles sold was 100.0% and approximately 84.4% of revenue from parallel-import vehicles for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. We expedited the sale of the remaining inventory in response to weak market conditions in order to optimize asset turnover and manage inventory risk.

Fulfillment Expenses

Fulfillment expenses decreased by approximately $0.6 million, or 97.6%, to $15,537 for the three months ended June 30, 2024 from $0.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. This substantial reduction in fulfillment expenses resulted from the continued effect of our strategic decision in the fourth quarter of 2023 to halt new vehicle procurement. As a consequence, during the second quarter of 2024, we sold only one vehicle, significantly reducing associated costs such as buyer commissions, vehicle storage and towing fees, insurance, and consulting fees.

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Logistics and Warehousing Segment

For the three months ended June 30, 2024, we reported total revenue of $93,563 generated from logistics and warehousing services, of which $20,160 was derived from vehicle-related services. The remaining service revenue amounting to $73,403 was generated from services for goods other than vehicles. We began recording logistics and warehousing revenue as of the date of the Edward acquisition on February 2, 2024. As of June 30, 2024, our logistics and warehousing services catered to 21 customers from various regions, including the PRC, Hong Kong, Vietnam, and the United States.

Gross Profit

Gross profit from the combined business segments during the second quarter of 2024 decreased by approximately $1.2 million, or 97.4%, compared with the second quarter of 2023. As a percentage of revenue, the gross margin increased from 10.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2023, to 11.0% for the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Operating Expenses

General and Administrative Expenses

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Amount		%
General and Administrative Expenses
Payroll and Benefits	$	335,867	$	179,739	$	156,128	86.9	%
Rental and Leases		81,348		74,675		6,673	8.9	%
Travel and Entertainment		7,962		17,305		(9,343)	(54.0)	%
Legal and Accounting Fees		196,147		227,672		(31,525)	(13.8)	%
Recruiting Fees		81,598		3,112		78,486	2,521.8	%
Bank charges and fees		1,545		17,840		(16,295)	(91.3)	%
Insurance Expenses		86,467		3,118		83,349	2,673.1	%
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses		18,537		—		18,537	100.0	%
Others		55,884		41,939		13,945	33.3	%
Total General and Administrative Expenses	$	865,354	$	565,400	$	299,954	53.1	%

General and administrative expenses increased by $0.3 million, or 53.1%, to $0.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 from $0.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, primarily due to increases in (i) personnel-related expenses to support the newly launched logistics and warehousing segment, (ii) recurring expenses associated with new business lines, aligning with our strategic shift towards logistics and warehousing, (iii) depreciation and amortization expenses, primarily due to the acquisition of new fixed assets and additional intangible assets from the Edward acquisition, as detailed in Notes 6 and 8; and (iv) insurance expenses due to higher costs associated with directors and officers insurance.

Selling expenses decreased significantly during the second quarter of 2024 to approximately $20,000, from $0.1 million for the second quarter of 2023. This decrease was the result of the contraction in vehicle sales volume, reflecting the current market demand dynamics. Selling expense as a percentage of revenue was 6.6% and 1.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Other (Expense) Income

Interest Expense, net

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Amount		%
Inventory Financing	$	—	$	14,246	$	(14,246)	(100.0)	%
LC Financing		—		251,031		(251,031)	(100.0)	%
Dealers Finance Charges		—		2,850		(2,850)	(100.0)	%
Other Loan Interest		8,011		7,849		162	2.1	%
Line of Credit Interest		27,899		57,398		(29,499)	(51.4)	%
Credit Card Interest		290		1,481		(1,191)	(80.4)	%
Total Interest Expense	$	36,200	$	334,855	$	(298,655)	(89.2)	%

Interest expense decreased significantly by approximately $0.3 million, or 89.2%, to approximately $40,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2024, from $0.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, primarily due to (i) no new inventory or LC financing activities, and (ii) cash generated from the completion of our IPO in the third quarter of 2023, followed by follow-on offerings in May and July 2024, which collectively resulted in a substantial capital infusion that was partially used to pay down debt.

Provision for Income Taxes

Our provision for income tax benefit was $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, compared with a provision for income taxes of approximately $60,000 for the same period in 2023, respectively.

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Revenues

For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, revenue decreased by $20.6 million, or 92.0%, from approximately $22.4 million to $1.8 million. This significant decrease was primarily due to a continued decline in our parallel-import vehicles business. The newly established logistics and warehousing segment, operational since the acquisition of Edward in February 2024, generated revenue of $170,397, representing about 9.5% of our total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Parallel-import Vehicles Segment

We continue to face significant challenges in the parallel-import vehicle market. Revenue from vehicle sales decreased by $20.8 million, or 92.7%, from approximately $22.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to the ongoing economic weakness in the PRC and a shift in consumer preferences towards domestically produced EVs.

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2024					Six Months Ended June 30, 2023					Average Selling Price Changes
	No.	Sales Amount		Ave Selling Price		No.	Sales Amount		Ave Selling Price		Amount		%
BMW X7	—	$	—	$	—	5	$	480,120	$	96,042	$	—	—	%
Mercedes G63	1		200,297	$	200,297	—		—		—		—	—	%
Mercedes GLS 450	11		1,175,116		106,829	83		9,172,404		110,511		(3,622)	(3.3)	%
Mercedes Benz GLS600	—		—		—	12		2,877,516		239,793		—	—	%
RAM Trucks	—		—		—	14		1,698,061		121,290		—	—	%
Land Rover Range Rover	—		—		—	10		1,614,422		161,412		—	—	%
Toyota Sequoia	—		—		—	24		2,433,859		101,411		—	—	%
LEXUS LX600	2		255,835		127,917	27		4,160,996		154,111		(26,194)	(17.0)	%
Total	14	$	1,631,248	$	116,518	175	$	22,437,468	$	128,214	$	(11,696)	(9.1)	%

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For the six months ended June 30, 2024, we sold 14 vehicles, compared with 175 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The significant decrease in vehicle sales can be attributed to the ongoing market volatility in the PRC, especially price fluctuations that ultimately led to a halt in our vehicle procurement starting in the fourth quarter of 2023. This pause has continued into the first half of 2024 and is directly impacting our sales volume.

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Change Amount		Change %
Revenue from parallel-import vehicles:
U.S. domestic market	$	200,297	$	6,915,780	$	(6,715,483)	(97.1)	%
Overseas market		1,430,951		15,521,688		(14,090,737)	(90.8)	%
Total	$	1,631,248	$	22,437,468	$	(20,806,220)	(92.7)	%

During the six months ended June 30, 2024, our direct sales to the PRC market accounted for 87.7% of our total revenue from parallel-import vehicles, while for the six months ended June 30, 2023, 69.2% of our total revenue from parallel-import vehicles was generated from overseas sales.

Cost of Revenue from Parallel-import Vehicles

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Change Amount		Change %
Cost of Revenue from parallel-import vehicles sold
Cost of Vehicles sold	$	1,515,270	$	18,824,494	$	(17,309,224)	(92.0)	%
Fulfillment Expenses		140,798		1,217,548		(1,076,750)	(88.4)	%
Total Cost of Revenue from parallel-import vehicles sold	$	1,656,068	$	20,042,042	$	(18,385,974)	(91.7)	%

Our total cost of revenue from parallel-import vehicles sold decreased by $18.4 million, or 91.7%, to $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 from $20.0 million for the same period of 2023. For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, total cost as a percentage of revenue was 101.5% and 89.3%, respectively. Our total cost of revenue from parallel-import vehicles sold decreased in line with the reduced revenue.

Cost of Vehicles

Total cost of vehicles sold decreased by $17.3 million, or 92.0%, to $1.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 from $18.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. We sold 14 vehicles during the six months ended June 30, 2024, and 175 vehicles during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

The cost of vehicles sold was approximately 92.9% and 83.9% of revenue from parallel-import vehicles for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. This unfavorable change can be attributed to our strategic decision to adjust pricing in response to continued market volatility and competitive pressures.

Fulfillment Expenses

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Change Amount		Change %
Fulfillment expenses
Payroll and Benefits	$	83,855	$	681,499	$	(597,644)	(87.7)	%
Buyer Commission		750		194,353		(193,603)	(99.6)	%
Vehicle Storage and Towing		—		226,900		(226,900)	(100.0)	%
Vehicle Insurance Expenses		42		57,677		(57,635)	(99.9)	%
Consulting Fee		—		30,530		(30,530)	(100.0)	%
Others		56,151		26,589		29,562	111.2	%
Total Fulfillment Expenses	$	140,798	$	1,217,548	$	(1,076,750)	(88.4)	%

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Fulfillment expenses decreased by approximately $1.1 million, or 88.4%, to $0.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 from $1.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. This substantial reduction stems from our strategic decision initiated in the fourth quarter of 2023 to halt new vehicle procurements. This pause has continued to significantly reduce related costs such as buyer commission, vehicle storage and towing costs, vehicle insurance, and consulting fees.

Logistics and Warehousing Segment

For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company reported total revenue of $170,397 generated from logistics and warehousing services, of which $33,835 was derived from vehicle-related services. The rest $136,562 was generated from services for goods other than vehicles. We began recording logistics and warehousing revenue as of the date of the Edward acquisition on February 2, 2024.

Gross Profit

Gross profit from the combined business segments during the six months ended June 30, 2024 decreased by approximately $2.3 million, or 97.6%, compared with the same period of 2023. As a percentage of revenue, the gross margin decreased from 10.7% for the six months ended June 30, 2023, to 3.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Operating Expenses

Selling Expenses

							���
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Amount		%
Selling Expenses
Payroll and benefits	$	77,652	$	117,676	$	(40,024)	(34.0)	%
Ocean Freight		20,610		291,712		(271,102)	(92.9)	%
Others		—		9,735		(9,735)	(100.0)	%
Total Selling expenses	$	98,262	$	419,123	$	(320,861)	(76.6)	%

Selling expenses decreased significantly for the six months ended June 30, 2024 to approximately $0.1 million, from $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was the result of the contraction in vehicle sales volume that naturally led to a reduction in associated selling activities, reflecting current market demand dynamics; Selling expenses as a percentage of revenue was 5.5% and 1.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

General and Administrative Expenses

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Amount		%
General and Administrative Expenses
Payroll and Benefits	$	532,290	$	329,851	$	202,439	61.4	%
Rental and Leases		167,552		130,280		37,272	28.6	%
Travel and Entertainment		27,445		20,188		7,257	35.9	%
Legal and Accounting Fees		506,062		548,857		(42,795)	(7.8)	%
Recruiting Fees		85,084		4,444		80,640	1,814.6	%
Bank charges and fees		5,740		33,863		(28,123)	(83.0)	%
Insurance Expenses		174,439		7,985		166,454	2,084.7	%
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses		29,422		—		29,422	100.0	%
Others		104,962		71,002		33,960	47.8	%
Total General and Administrative Expenses	$	1,632,996	$	1,146,470	$	486,526	42.4	%

General and administrative expenses increased by $0.5 million, or 42.4%, to $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 from $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily due to (i) an increase in personnel-related expenses by approximately $0.2 million, or 61.4%, which was attributed to the hiring of additional staff to support the newly launched logistics and warehousing segment, (ii) the acquisition of Edward, which resulted in the addition of a new office workspace in California, increasing our rental and lease expenses, (iii) an increase in recruiting expenses associated with the development of new business lines, aligning with the

31

company's strategic shift towards logistics and warehousing, (iv) an increase in depreciation and amortization expenses, primarily due to the acquisition of new fixed assets and additional intangible assets, as detailed in Notes 6 & 8; and (v) an increase in insurance expenses due to higher costs associated with directors and officers insurance.

Other (Expense) Income

Interest Expense, net

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Amount		%
Inventory Financing	$	—	$	112,769	$	(112,769)	(100.0)	%
LC Financing		23,123		581,456		(558,333)	(96.0)	%
Dealers Finance Charges		—		3,016		(3,016)	(100.0)	%
Other Loan Interest		15,563		15,794		(231)	(1.5)	%
Line of Credit Interest		59,235		57,398		1,837	3.2	%
Credit Card Interest		48		1,481		(1,433)	(96.8)	%
Premium Finance Interest		996		—		996	100.0	%
Total Interest Expense	$	98,965	$	771,914	$	(672,949)	(87.2)	%

Interest expense decreased by approximately $0.7 million, or 87.2%, to approximately $0.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, from $0.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily due to (i) no new inventory or LC financing activities and (ii) cash generated from the completion of our IPO in the third quarter of 2023, followed by follow-on offerings in May and July 2024, which collectively resulted in a substantial capital infusion that was partially used to pay down debt.

To improve our liquidity and retain more cash to acquire new vehicles, we previously borrowed money on a short-term basis, pledging our inventory as collateral before the vehicles are delivered to our customers. These loans accrued interest at rates ranging from 1.35% to 1.8% per month. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, no funds for inventory financing were borrowed, resulting in no related interest expense. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, interest expense incurred was $0.1 million, and the weighted average annual interest rate was 17.6%.

In addition to inventory financing, we previously financed our operations from time to time through short-term loans using letters of credit as collateral, which were typically received from our international customers in overseas sales of parallel-import vehicles. Generally, these loans allowed us to borrow approximately 90% or more of the letter of credit amount with a monthly interest rate of 1.5%. However, due to the significant reduction in vehicle sales and the resulting decline in the need for such financing, we did not utilize LC financing during the six months ended June 30, 2024. The total weighted average balance of funds we obtained through LC financing decreased to $0.2 million, interest expense incurred was approximately $20,000 for the six-month period, and the weighted average annual interest rate was 18.8%. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the total weighted average balance of funds we obtained through LC financing was $6.0 million, interest expense incurred was $0.6 million, and the weighted average annual interest rate was 19.5%.

Starting from 2024, we ceased utilizing our revolving lines of credit, as the proceeds from our IPO and follow-on offerings provided sufficient liquidity. There were no new borrowings under these credit lines during the six months ended June 30, 2024, reflecting a strategic decision to reduce reliance on external debt. As of June 30, 2024, the total weighted average balance of funds we obtained through revolving lines of credit was $0.7 million, interest expense incurred was approximately $60,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2024, and the weighted average annual interest rate was 18.0%. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the total weighted average balance of funds we obtained through revolving lines of credit was $0.6 million, interest expense incurred was approximately $60,000, and the weighted average annual interest rate was 18.0%.

Provision for Income Taxes

Our provision for income tax benefit was $0.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared with income tax expense of approximately $14,000 for the same period in 2023.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows and Working Capital

In assessing our liquidity, we monitor and analyze our cash on-hand, our ability to generate sufficient revenue, the collection of our accounts receivable, our ability to obtain additional financial support in the future, and our operating and capital expenditure commitments. We reported cash and cash equivalents of $6.3 million as of June 30, 2024. As of June 30, 2024, our working capital amounted to approximately $12.4 million.

As reflected in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, we reported a net loss of $1.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024. We also reported cash provided by operating activities of $0.8 million, and total stockholders’ equity of $13.8 million.

Historically, our primary uses of cash have been to finance working capital needs. We believe that we will be able to fund current operations and other commitments for at least the next 12 months from operating cash flow and our cash and cash equivalents.

Additional sources of cash may be needed due to unanticipated changes in business conditions or other future developments. If additional resources are required, we may sell additional equity or debt securities. The sale of additional equity or equity-linked securities could result in additional dilution to stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could include operating and financial covenants that would restrict our operations. Financing may not be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, or at all.

Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Six Months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	827,980	$	4,145,363
Net cash used in investing activities		(912,617)		—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		5,944,540		(3,611,618)
Net increase in cash	$	5,859,903	$	533,745

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $0.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024. This was primarily attributable to a collection of $1.4 million in accounts receivable, a $1.5 million decrease in inventory, a $0.5 million increase in other receivables, and other less significant factors.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $4.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. This was primarily attributable to a collection of $4.9 million in accounts receivable and partially offset by a $1.0 million increase in inventory and other factors of less significance.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was approximately $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024. The increase in investing activities consisted of (i) approximately $0.2 million in cash paid for the Edward acquisition, net of cash acquired, (ii) $1.0 million in short-term loans lent to third parties, (iii) collection of vehicle pledge loans extended to third parties of approximately 0.2 million, (iv) collection of short-term loans extended to a third party of $0.5 million, and (v) acquired new fixed assets of $0.4 million.

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Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $5.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, which consisted of (i) net proceeds from the May 2024 follow-on public offering of approximately $7.3 million, (ii) net repayments of LC financing of $1.0 million; (iii) net repayments of premium finance of approximately $150,000; (iv) payment for the equity warrant termination of approximately $80,000; and (v) repayments to a line of credit of approximately $0.1 million.

Net cash used in financing activities of $3.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, consisted of (i) net repayments of LC financing of $14.9 million; (ii) net repayments of inventory financing of $4.1 million; (iii) net repayments of revolving lines of credit of $0.7 million; and (iv) repayments of dealers financing of $0.2 million; partially offset by (v) proceeds from LC financing of $12.7 million; (vi) proceeds from revolving lines of credit of $2.5 million; (vi) proceeds from dealers financing of $0.3 million; and (vii) issuance of common stock of $0.7 million.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We did not have during the period presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet financing arrangements as defined under the rules and regulations of the SEC, or any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, including entities sometimes referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, that were established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP and the Company’s discussion and analysis of its financial condition and operating results require the Company’s management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported. Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q and in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of the 2023 Form 10-K describe the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. There have been no material changes to the Company’s critical accounting estimates since the 2023 Form 10-K.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide this information.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, we recognize that no controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide absolute assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.

In accordance with Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act, management, under the supervision and with the participation of our CEO and Chief Financial Officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2024 and determined that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of that date.

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Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

No change occurred in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d -15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended June 30, 2024, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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CHEETAH NET SUPPLY CHAIN SERVICE INC.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are not currently involved in any material legal proceedings. From time-to-time we are, and we anticipate that we will be, involved in legal proceedings, claims, and litigation arising in the ordinary course of our business and otherwise. The ultimate costs to resolve any such matters could have a material adverse effect on our financial statements. We could be forced to incur material expenses with respect to these legal proceedings, and in the event that there is an outcome in any that is adverse to us, our financial position and prospects could be harmed.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this item.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Our public offering on best efforts basis closed on July 26, 2024 (the “July Offering”)

The following “Use of Proceeds” information relates to the registration statement on Form S-1 (File Number 333-280743) for the July Offering, which was declared effective by the SEC on July 15, 2024. We issued and sold an aggregate of 6,479,663 shares of Class A common stock, at a price of $0.23 per share for gross proceeds of $1.49 million before deducting offering related expenses. FT Global Capital, Inc. was the exclusive placement agent of such offering.

We incurred approximately $395,000 in expenses in connection with the July Offering, which included approximately $110,000 in placement agent fees, approximately $35,000 in expenses paid to or for the placement agent, and approximately $250,000 in other expenses. None of the transaction expenses included payments to directors or officers of our Company or their associates, persons owning more than 10% or more of our equity securities or our affiliates. None of the net proceeds we received from the July Offering were paid, directly or indirectly, to any of our directors or officers or their associates, persons owning 10% or more of our equity securities or our affiliates.

The net proceeds raised from the July Offering were approximately $1.1 million after offering expenses payable by us. As of the date of this quarterly report, we have not used the proceeds raised from the July Offering. We intend to use the proceeds raised from the July Offering in the manner disclosed in our registration statement on Form S-1 (File Number 333-280743).

The May Offering

The following “Use of Proceeds” information relates to the registration statement on Form S-1, as amended (File Number 333-276300) for the May Offering, which was declared effective by the SEC on April 26, 2024 and a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-279388) filed on May 13, 2024, pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We issued and sold an aggregate of 13,210,000 shares of Class A common stock, at a price of $0.62 per share for gross proceeds of $8.19 million before deducting offering related expenses. AC Sunshine Securities LLC was the exclusive placement agent of such offering.

We incurred approximately $876,000 in expenses in connection with the May Offering, which included approximately $290,000 in placement agent fees, approximately $66,000 in expenses paid to or for the placement agent, and approximately $520,000 in other expenses. None of the transaction expenses included payments to directors or officers of our Company or their associates, persons owning more than 10% or more of our equity securities or our affiliates. None of the net proceeds we received from the May Offering were paid, directly or indirectly, to any of our directors or officers or their associates, persons owning 10% or more of our equity securities or our affiliates.

The net proceeds raised from the May Offering were approximately $7.4 million after offering expenses payable by us. As of the date of this quarterly report, we have used approximately $2.5 million for working capital and other general corporate purposes in support of our current business. We intend to use the remaining proceeds from the May Offering in the manner disclosed in our registration statement on Form S-1, as amended (File Number 333-276300).

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IPO

The following “Use of Proceeds” information relates to the registration statement on Form S-1, as amended (File Number 333-271185) for our IPO, which was declared effective by the SEC on July 31, 2023. In August 2023, we completed our IPO, in which we issued and sold an aggregate of 1,250,000 shares of Class A common stock, at a price of $4.00 per share for $5,000,000. Maxim Group LLC was the representative of the underwriters of our IPO.

We incurred approximately $870,000 in expenses in connection with our IPO, which included approximately $350,000 in underwriting discounts, approximately $100,000 in expenses paid to or for underwriters, and approximately $320,000 in other expenses. None of the transaction expenses included payments to directors or officers of our Company or their associates, persons owning more than 10% or more of our equity securities or our affiliates. None of the net proceeds we received from the IPO were paid, directly or indirectly, to any of our directors or officers or their associates, persons owning 10% or more of our equity securities or our affiliates.

The net proceeds raised from the IPO were $4,230,000 after deducting underwriting discounts and the offering expenses payable by us. As of the date of this quarterly report, we have used approximately $3,930,000 for working capital and other general corporate purposes in support of our current business, and $300,000 as cash consideration for the acquisition of Edward Transit Express Group Inc. We intend to use the remaining proceeds from our IPO in the manner disclosed in our registration statement on Form S-1, as amended (File Number 333-271185).

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

The exhibits listed below are filed as part of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

Index to Exhibits

Exhibit		Incorporated by Reference (Unless Otherwise Indicated)
Number	Exhibit Title	Form	File	Exhibit	Filing Date
3.1	Third Amended and Restated Article of Incorporation	8-K	0001-41761	3.1	July 2, 2024
3.2	Bylaws	S-1	001- 271185	3.2	April 7, 2023
4.1	Specimen Stock Certificate	S-1	333-280743	4.1	July 10, 2024
10.1	Placement Agency Agreement dated May 14, 2024 by and between the Company and AC Sunshine Securities LLC, as the Company’s placement agent	8-K	0001- 41761	10.1	May 14, 2024
10.2	Form of the Securities Purchase Agreement dated May 14, 2024 by and between the Company and the Purchasers identified therein	8-K	0001- 41761	10.2	May 14, 2024
10.3	Director Offer Letter dated July 2, 2024 between Huibo Deng and the Company	8-K	0001- 41761	10.1	July 8, 2024
10.4	Indemnification Agreement dated July 2, 2024 between Huibo Deng and the Company	8-K	0001- 41761	10.2	July 8, 2024
10.5	Placement Agency Agreement dated July 25, 2024 by and between the Company and FT Global Capital, Inc., as the Company’s placement agent	8-K	0001- 41761	10.1	July 26, 2024
10.6	Form of the Securities Purchase Agreement dated July 25, 2024 by and between the Company and the Purchasers identified therein	8-K	0001- 41761	10.2	July 26, 2024
10.7	Lease Agreement dated July 19, 2024 between the Company and Zina Development, LLC, as amended	—	—	—	Filed herewith
10.8	Loan Agreement dated June 20, 2024 between the Company and Hongkong Sanyou Petroleum Co Limited	—	—	—	Filed herewith
10.9	Loan Agreement dated July 22, 2024 between the Company and Hongkong Sanyou Petroleum Co Limited	—	—	—	Filed herewith
10.10	Premium Finance Agreement dated August 1, 2024 between the Company and ETI Financial Corporation	—	—	—	Filed herewith
31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	—	—	—	Filed herewith
31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	—	—	—	Filed herewith
32.1*	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	—	—	—	Furnished herewith
32.2*	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	—	—	—	Furnished herewith
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document	—	—	—	Filed herewith
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document	—	—	—	Filed herewith
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document	—	—	—	Filed herewith
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document	—	—	—	Filed herewith
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document	—	—	—	Filed herewith
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document	—	—	—	Filed herewith
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)	—	—	—	Filed herewith

* In accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K and SEC Release No. 34-47986, the certifications furnished in Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 herewith are deemed to accompany this Form 10-Q and will not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filings under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Date: August 13, 2024

Cheetah Net Supply Chain Service Inc.
By:	/s/ Huan Liu
	Huan Liu
	Chief Executive Officer, Director, and Chairman of the Board of Directors

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