N-2 | Feb. 10, 2025 USD ($) shares |
Cover [Abstract] | | |
Entity Central Index Key | 0002005563 | |
Amendment Flag | false | |
Document Type | 424B3 | |
Entity Registrant Name | Lord Abbett Flexible Income Fund | |
Fee Table [Abstract] | | |
Shareholder Transaction Expenses [Table Text Block] | Shareholder Transaction Expenses (fees paid directly from your investment) Class A Class I Class U Maximum Initial Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price) 2.50% N/A 1 N/A 1 Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price or repurchase proceeds, whichever is lower) 1.50% 2 N/A N/A Dividend Reinvestment Fees N/A N/A N/A Repurchase Fee (as a percentage of amount redeemed) None None None 1 While neither the Fund nor Lord Abbett Distributor impose an initial sales charge on Class I or Class U Shares, if you buy Class I or Class U Shares through certain financial firms, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Please consult your financial firm for additional information. 2 A contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1.50% may be assessed on Class A Shares purchased without a sales charge if they are repurchased before the first day of the month of the one-year anniversary of the purchase. | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract] | | |
Annual Expenses [Table Text Block] | Annual Fund Operating Expenses (as a percentage of net assets attributable to common Shares) Class A Class I Class U Management Fee 1 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds 2 0.66% 0.66% 0.66% Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees 0.75% N/A 0.75% Other Expenses 3 0.97% 0.97% 0.97% Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 3.38% 2.63% 3.38% Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement 4 (1.22)% (1.22)% (1.22)% Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement 3 2.16% 1.41% 2.16% 1 Pursuant to an investment advisory agreement, the Adviser receives an annual fee, payable monthly by the Fund, in an amount equal to 1.00% of the Fund’s average daily net assets. 2 Assumes interest expense accrued at the rate of 5.79% on borrowed funds used to employ leverage, which rate is subject to change based upon prevailing market conditions. 3 “Other Expenses” are based on estimated net assets of $100 million. 4 The Adviser, the Sub-Adviser and the Fund have entered into the Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement under which the Adviser and Sub-Adviser have agreed contractually for a one-year period from the date of this Prospectus to waive, pay or otherwise bear management fees and all other expenses incurred in the business of the Fund (“Specified Expenses”) on an equal basis ( i.e. In consideration of the Adviser’s and Sub-Adviser’s agreement to waive, pay or otherwise bear the Fund’s Specified Expenses on a 50/50 basis, the Fund has agreed to repay the Adviser and Sub-Adviser on a 50/50 basis a Reimbursement Amount in respect of each of Class A, Class I and Class U subject to the limitation that a reimbursement will be made only if and to the extent that: (i) it is payable not more than three years from the date on which the applicable waiver or expense payment was made by the Adviser and Sub-Adviser; and (ii) the Reimbursement Amount does not cause the Fund’s total annual operating expenses (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during the applicable quarter to exceed the Expense Cap of such class. The Reimbursement Amount for a class of Shares will not cause Fund expenses in respect of that class to exceed the lesser of (1) the expense limitation in effect at the time of waiver or reimbursement, and (2) the expense limitation in effect at the time of recapture. See “Management of the Fund—Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement” for additional information. The Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect for a one-year period from the date of this Prospectus, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. Thereafter, the Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement may be renewed annually with the written agreement of the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser, and the Fund. | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | |
Expense Example [Table Text Block] | Example The following example is intended to help you understand the various costs and expenses that you, as a holder of Shares, would bear directly or indirectly. The example illustrates the expenses that you would pay on a $1,000 investment in the Shares, assuming a 5% annual return: 1 year 3 years 5 years 10 years Class A $46 $115 $186 $375 Class I $14 $70 $129 $287 Class U $22 $93 $166 $359 | |
Basis of Transaction Fees, Note [Text Block] | as a percentage of offering price | |
Other Transaction Fees Basis, Note [Text Block] | as a percentage of offering price or repurchase proceeds, whichever is lower | |
Other Expenses, Note [Text Block] | “Other Expenses” are based on estimated net assets of $100 million. | |
Management Fee not based on Net Assets, Note [Text Block] | Pursuant to an investment advisory agreement, the Adviser receives an annual fee, payable monthly by the Fund, in an amount equal to 1.00% of the Fund’s average daily net assets. | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Investment Objectives and Practices [Text Block] | THE FUND’S INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE, STRATEGIES, AND Investment Objective The Fund’s investment objective is to provide total return. Investment Strategies The Fund will combine two complementary sets of investment strategies: (i) short duration liquid credit (to be managed by the Adviser) and (ii) a private credit strategy that will consist of asset-backed credit and private direct lending (to be managed by the Sub-Adviser). The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing across both Private Credit and short duration fixed income securities. The Fund may invest in additional strategies in the future. Credit related instruments that are part of the short duration liquid credit strategy managed by the Adviser may include the following: (a) senior secured term loans, including direct unrated private first lien and unitranche loans typically collateralized by corporate or asset-backed collateral; (b) middle market and broadly syndicated collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”); (c) unlisted and listed business development companies (“BDCs”) that primarily invest in Private Credit loans; (d) corporate debt securities of U.S. and non-U.S. (including emerging markets) issuers that are denominated in U.S. dollars; (e) mortgage-backed, mortgage-related, and other asset-backed securities, including privately issued mortgage-related securities and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”); (f) securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies and instrumentalities; and (g) inflation-linked investments (including inflation-indexed securities issued by the U.S. Treasury (“TIPS”) and CPI swaps). Credit related instruments that are part of the private credit strategy managed by the Sub-Adviser may include any of the instruments identified above and may also include: (a) companies and/or private investment funds (private funds that are excluded from the definition of “investment company” pursuant to Sections 3(c)(1), 3(c)(5)(C) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act) that primarily hold loans or credit-like instruments, including private funds purchased on a secondary basis; and (b) privately originated unrated mezzanine and subordinated loans typically issued by companies or special purpose vehicles (“SPVs”) collateralized with corporate and asset-backed collateral. The Fund may also invest in high yield debt securities (commonly referred to as “lower-rated” or “junk” bonds); loans, including bridge loans, novations, assignments, and participations; and convertible securities, including convertible bonds and preferred stocks. The Fund’s investments will vary in credit quality, maturity length and duration; however, the Fund intends to focus on investments that are considered investment grade or, if not rated by an NRSRO, are determined by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser to be of comparable quality. The Fund’s investments in private funds that are excluded from the definition of “investment company” pursuant to Sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act will be limited to no more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets. The Fund, under normal circumstances, intends to invest approximately 35-65% of its total assets in Private Credit, although the Fund’s allocation in investments could vary from these guidelines at any time in the Fund’s discretion. The Adviser, along with the Sub-Adviser, will review and establish the allocation percentage between the two complementary investment strategies on an ongoing basis. The Fund may make non-U.S. investments, including those that are not denominated in U.S. dollars. In certain cases, the currency fluctuations of investments may be hedged through the use of currency derivatives. The Fund may invest in senior and subordinated loans or debt securities of any maturity or credit quality. At any given time and from time to time substantially all of the Fund’s portfolio may consist of high yield (or below investment grade) debt instruments, including high yield bonds (commonly referred to as “junk” bonds). In addition, a significant amount of the Fund’s investments may consist of loans to highly indebted companies (so called ‘leveraged loans’). Below investment grade instruments are those that, at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s and BB+ or lower by S&P or Fitch, or are comparably rated by other ratings agencies, or if unrated are determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. Instruments of below investment grade quality are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The Fund may also invest in other types of debt securities and short-term instruments, including repurchase agreements, derivatives instruments or other transactions intended to effectively convert fixed-rate interest payments on a debt security into floating or adjustable rate interest payments. The Fund may invest in debt securities of stressed and distressed issuers as well as in defaulted securities and debtor-in-possession financings. The Fund may invest in any level of the capital structure of an issuer, including by investing in any class or tranche of mortgage-backed or asset-backed instruments. The Fund may invest in U.S. dollar and non-U.S. dollar denominated securities of issuers located anywhere in the world, including in emerging markets. The Fund will not invest more than 25% of its total assets in any industry; however, this limitation does not apply to securities issued by the U.S. Government or its agencies and instrumentalities. To the extent consistent with the liquidity requirements applicable to interval funds under Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, the Fund may invest without limit in illiquid securities. The Fund may invest in or hold common stock and other equity securities incident to the purchase or ownership of a loan or fixed-income instrument or in connection with a reorganization of an issuer. The Fund also may invest in securities of open-end investment companies, including ETFs, to the extent that such investments are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, strategies, and policies and permissible under the 1940 Act, including interpretations or modifications by the SEC. During temporary defensive periods or in order to keep the Fund’s cash fully invested, including during the period when the net proceeds of the offering of Shares are being invested, the Fund may deviate from its investment objective and policies. During such periods, the Fund may invest its cash balances in short-term taxable securities, U.S. Government securities, commercial paper, bankers’ acceptances, repurchase agreements, registered money market funds, and comparable foreign fixed income securities, among other instruments, or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for temporary defensive purposes. It is impossible to predict when, or for how long, the Fund will use these alternative strategies. There can be no assurance that such strategies will be successful. Investment Process To achieve the Fund’s investment objective, the Adviser will allocate across a diversified set of public and private credit strategies. The Adviser and Sub-Adviser employ complementary investment processes to implement the investment strategies that seek to rely on combined institutional knowledge and experience of their personnel to manage the operations and business of the Fund and the Advisers in a streamlined, coordinated manner. The Advisers each have distinct investment responsibilities, yet results are derived from ongoing interaction and communication to determine the appropriate processes and allocations among the two complementary investment strategies. The Adviser’s portfolio management team buys and sells securities using a relative value-oriented investment process, meaning the portfolio management team generally seeks more investment exposure to securities believed to be undervalued and less investment exposure to securities believed to be overvalued. The portfolio management team combines top-down and bottom-up analysis to construct its portfolio, using a blend of quantitative and fundamental research. As part of its top-down analysis, the portfolio management team evaluates global economic conditions, including monetary, fiscal, and regulatory policy, as well as the political and geopolitical environment, in order to identify and assess opportunities and risks across different segments of the fixed income market. The portfolio management team employs bottom-up analysis to identify and select securities for investment by the Fund based on in-depth company, industry, and market research and analysis. The portfolio management team may actively rotate sector exposure based on its assessment of relative value. The Fund’s investment team may also consider the risks and return potential presented by environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) factors in investment decisions. The Fund does not focus its analysis on any specific ESG factor but rather considers ESG factors where relevant or material, among other fundamental research inputs, in the context of a particular investment opportunity. The Fund can and may invest in companies even if there is a financially material ESG risk. The Fund may engage in active and frequent trading of its portfolio securities. The Sub-Adviser’s investment strategy is focused on sourcing deals directly with large private U.S. borrowers who seek access to financing and who historically relied heavily on bank lending or capital markets. The Sub-Adviser believes there is a market opportunity for these large private U.S. borrowers. The Sub-Adviser defines large private U.S. borrowers as those companies that generally generate on an annual basis at least $75 million in EBITDA, as may be adjusted for market disruptions, mergers and acquisitions-related charges and synergies, and other items. The Sub-Adviser believes this opportunity set generates favorable pricing and more rigorous structural protections relative to that offered by investments in the broadly syndicated markets. From time to time, the Fund may also invest in loans and debt securities issued by corporate borrowers outside of the private large borrower space to the extent the Sub-Adviser believes such investments enhance the overall risk/return profile for its shareholders and help the Fund achieve its investment objectives. The Sub-Adviser also has dedicated expertise in asset-backed finance. The Sub-Adviser’s flexible and value-oriented approach, with a willingness to embrace complexity and a focus on downside protection, has enabled it to successfully deploy capital across various asset classes and market environments. The Sub-Adviser’s investment philosophy is rooted in the notion that asset-backed finance, at its core, is a credit product and that Apollo’s integrated platform enables the Sub-Adviser to pair deep credit analysis of the underlying assets, and originators of those assets, with rigorous analysis and understanding of the structure itself in order to provide superior returns for investors. The Sub-Adviser’s investment strategy is expected to capitalize on Apollo’s scale and reputation as an attractive financing partner allowing the Sub-Adviser to source investments at attractive pricing and terms. The Sub-Adviser also expects to benefit from Apollo’s ability to transact in size with speed and certainty, as well as from its long-standing and extensive relationships with both private equity firms and corporations, where Apollo has a preexisting lending relationship. Portfolio Composition The Fund’s portfolio will be composed principally of the following investments. Further description of the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions and more detailed information about the Fund’s portfolio investments are contained in the SAI. Private Credit – Direct Lending. Through its direct lending strategies, the Fund may invest in directly originated first lien, senior secured or unitranche term loans to predominantly large private borrowers to facilitate buyouts, refinancings or recapitalizations, growth initiatives, and other corporate uses. Generally, the large private borrowers refer to companies that generally generate on an annual basis at least $75 million in EBITDA, as may be adjusted for market disruptions, mergers and acquisitions-related charges and synergies, and other items. Private Credit – Distressed Debt and Special Situations. Through its distressed debt and special situations strategies, the Fund may opportunistically seek to invest in obligations across the capital structure (including secured debt, senior and subordinated unsecured debt, convertible debt obligations, preferred stock and public and private equity) associated with corporate distressed transactions, real estate distressed transactions, non-performing loan portfolio purchases (“NPLs”), as well as new debt financings to stressed borrowers (capital solutions). Returns for distressed and special situation strategies will generally be driven by the purchase discounts to par value of the acquired debt along with contractual income payments and potentially other opportunities to increase returns such as equity participations. Private Credit – Specialty Finance. Through its specialty finance strategies, the Fund may invest in privately originated senior secured “re-discount” loans (lending against pools of loans at a discount to estimated fair value), asset-backed securities and loans, and subordinated and/or hybrid transactions that may be collateralized by different, non-corporate collateral types and other types of loans. Specialty finance transactions may also include the direct purchases of small balance whole loans, as well as debt or equity investments in asset management platforms. Specialty finance investments are expected to provide collateral diversification and potentially introduce less correlated exposure to the Fund. Private Credit – Real Estate Credit. Through its real estate credit strategies, the Fund may invest in privately originated senior secured and subordinated and/or hybrid loans collateralized by real estate. Real estate loans can include, but are not limited to, transitional loans, core loans, bridge loans, non-qualified mortgage loans, single family rental (“SFR”) loans, residential NPLs, and mortgage servicing rights. Private Credit – Real Assets Credit. Through its real assets credit strategies, the Fund may invest in privately originated, typically subordinated and/or hybrid loans (i.e., holding company loans subordinated to operating company debt, mezzanine loans, leases) collateralized by, but not limited to, infrastructure, energy companies and projects, transportation and equipment assets, metals and mining companies and projects, and agriculture. Private Credit – Mezzanine. Through its mezzanine strategies, the Fund may invest in unsecured loans including unitranche last-out, second lien, mezzanine, and other subordinated debt with features of both debt and equity. Transactions will typically be secured by middle market companies looking to effectuate buyout transactions and/or recapitalizations or refinancings but may feature a variety of underlying collateral types. Generally, the term “middle market” refers to companies with approximately $10 million to $100 million of EBITDA, which the Advisers believe is a useful proxy for cash flow although there may be other metrics to define “middle market.” Convertible Securities. The Fund may invest in convertible securities, such as preferred stocks or bonds, which are exchangeable at the option of the holder for a fixed number of other securities, usually common stocks, at a set price or formula. Convertible securities may provide investors the opportunity to participate in rising markets and potential protection in declining markets. Loans Under current market conditions, the Fund anticipates that its portfolio of floating rate instruments will include loans. The loans that the Fund may invest in include loans that are first lien, second lien, third lien or that are unsecured. In addition, the loans the Fund will invest in may be rated below investment grade or may also be unrated. The proceeds of loans primarily are used to refinance existing debt and for acquisitions, dividends, leveraged buyouts, and general corporate purposes. Loans typically have rates of interest which are determined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually by reference to a base lending rate, plus a premium or credit spread. As a result, as short-term interest rates increase, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in loans should increase, and as short-term interest rates decrease, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in loans should decrease. Longer interest rate reset periods generally increase fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV as a result of changes in market interest rates. Currently, these base lending rates are primarily a generally recognized base rate such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate and secondarily the prime rate as set by the Fed. Loans are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the NAV of the Fund. To the extent a loan is secured, there can be no assurance that the liquidation of any collateral securing that loan would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal payments, or that such collateral could be readily liquidated. In the event of bankruptcy or insolvency of a borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral of a secured loan. The collateral of a secured loan may lose all or substantially all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a borrower. Some loans are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate such loans to presently existing or future indebtedness of the borrower or take other action detrimental to the holders of loans including, in certain circumstances, invalidating such loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the borrower. If interest were required to be refunded, it could negatively affect the Fund’s performance. The amount of public information available with respect to loans will generally be less extensive than that available for registered or exchange-listed securities. In evaluating the creditworthiness of borrowers, the Adviser will consider, and may rely in part, on analyses performed by others. To the extent that they are rated by a rating agency, many of the loans in which the Fund will invest will have been assigned below investment grade ratings by independent rating agencies. If the loans are not rated, they are likely to be the equivalent of below investment grade quality. The Adviser does not view ratings as the determinative factor in its investment decisions and may rely more upon its credit analysis abilities than upon ratings. The Fund may invest in loans that do not have certain financial maintenance covenants, which are often referred to as “covenant-lite.” Such loans are widely held by loan market participants. Covenant-lite loans may still contain other important collateral protections, including (i) limitations on restricted payments, (ii) limitations on investments, (iii) limitations on additional debt and liens, and (iv) limitations on asset sales. While the Adviser will seek loans that provide attractive credit protection, the Fund is not limited in the amount of loans it may hold that are covenant-lite. See “Principal Risks of the Fund – ‘Covenant-lite’ Obligations Risk.” Loans are not registered with the SEC, or any state securities commission, and are not listed on any national securities exchange. There is less readily available or reliable information about most loans than is the case for many other types of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act or registered under the Exchange Act. No active trading market may exist for some loans, and some loans may be subject to restrictions on resale. A secondary market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may impair the ability to realize full value and thus cause material decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition, the Fund may not be able to readily dispose of its loans at prices that approximate those at which the Fund could sell such loans if they were more widely-traded and, as a result of such illiquidity, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. During periods of limited supply and liquidity of loans, the Fund’s yield may be lower. See “Principal Risks of the Fund–Liquidity Risk.” The floating or variable rate feature of loans is a significant difference from typical fixed-income investments that carry significant interest rate risk. The Fund anticipates that it will have less significant interest rate-related fluctuations in its NAV per share than investment companies investing primarily in fixed income securities (other than money market funds and some short term bond funds). When interest rates decline, the value of a fixed income portfolio can normally be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a fixed income portfolio can normally be expected to decline. Although the income available to the Fund will vary, the Adviser expects the Fund’s strategy of acquiring interests in floating rate instruments may minimize fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV resulting from changes in market interest rates. However, because floating or variable rates on loans only reset periodically, changes in prevailing interest rates can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may cause a decline in the Fund’s NAV. A material decline in the Fund’s NAV may impair the Fund’s ability to maintain required levels of asset coverage. Other factors (including, but not limited to, rating downgrades, credit deterioration, a large downward movement in stock prices, a disparity in supply and demand of certain securities or market conditions that reduce liquidity) can reduce the value of loans and other debt obligations, impairing the Fund’s NAV. The Fund may purchase and retain in its loans and other fixed income investments, including leveraged loans where the borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy court proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. Such investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, although they also will be subject to greater risk of loss. At times, in connection with the restructuring of a debt instrument either outside of bankruptcy court or in the context of bankruptcy court proceedings, the Fund may determine or be required to accept equity securities or junior credit securities in exchange for all or a portion of a debt instrument. The Fund may use a third-party pricing service or prices provided by dealers to value loans and other credit securities at their market value. The Fund will use the fair value method to value loans or other securities if market quotations for them are not readily available or are deemed unreliable. A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures. Direct Assignments Loan Participations Pre-Funded Letter of Credit Loans When a borrower needs funds, it may draw against the prefunded L/C loan and the agent bank makes payment to the borrower by withdrawing some of the amount invested as deposits. Consequently, the lenders do not have to advance any additional funds at the time the borrower draws against the prefunded L/C loan facility. The prefunded L/C loan can be structured from the standpoint of the borrower as either (i) a revolving credit facility, where the borrower can borrow, during the term of the loan, moneys it has paid back to the facility during the term of the loan, or (ii) a delayed draw term loan where the borrower may not borrow moneys it has repaid to the facility during the term of the loan. Participations by the Fund in a prefunded L/C loan typically will result in the Fund having a contractual relationship only with the agent bank, not with the borrower. As a result, the Fund may have the right to receive interest, fees and any repayments, if any, to which it is entitled only from the agent bank selling the participation and only upon receipt by the agent bank of such payments from the borrower. In connection with purchasing the participation in a prefunded L/C loan, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the prefunded L/C loan. As a result, the Fund may assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the agent bank selling the participation in a prefunded L/C loan. In the event of the insolvency of the agent bank selling a participation in a prefunded L/C loan, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such agent bank. As noted above, to the extent the Fund engages in loan participations or pre-funded L/C loans, it will be subject to the risks associated with the agent bank, which typically include the risks associated with interest rates, changes in the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee’s monetary policy, governmental regulations concerning such industries and concerning capital raising activities generally and fluctuations in the financial markets generally. DIP Financings i.e. High-Yield Debt Securities The Fund may invest without limit in instruments rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as “junk” bonds), considered to be those that are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s and BB+ or lower by S&P or Fitch or instruments comparably rated by other rating agencies, or in unrated instruments determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. Instruments rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well assured and often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate. Instruments rated BB+ or lower by S&P or Fitch are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics and, while such obligations have less near-term vulnerability to default than other speculative grade debt, they face major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial or economic conditions which could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal payments. Lower grade instruments, though higher yielding, are generally characterized by higher risk. They may be subject to certain risks with respect to the issuing entity and to greater market fluctuations than certain lower yielding, higher rated instruments. The secondary market for lower grade instruments may be less liquid than that of higher rated instruments. Adverse conditions could make it difficult at times for the Fund to sell certain lower grade instruments or force the Fund to sell lower grade instruments at disadvantageous prices. The prices of credit instruments generally are inversely related to interest rate changes; however, the price volatility caused by fluctuating interest rates of instruments also is inversely related to the coupon of such instruments. Accordingly, lower grade instruments may be relatively less sensitive to interest rate changes than higher quality instruments of comparable maturity, because of their higher coupon. The higher credit risk associated with lower grade instruments potentially can have a greater effect on the value of such instruments than may be the case with higher quality issues of comparable maturity, and may significantly affect the value of the Fund’s portfolio. Illiquid and Restricted Securities The Fund may invest in securities that, at the time of investment, are illiquid. To the extent consistent with the liquidity requirements applicable to interval funds under Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, the Fund may invest without limit in illiquid securities. An illiquid security is a security that the Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in then-current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the security. Investments currently considered to be illiquid include, among others, repurchase agreements not entitling the holder to repayment of principal and payment of interest within seven days, non-government stripped fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities, and OTC options and other derivatives. Valuing illiquid securities typically requires greater judgment than valuing securities for which there is an active trading market. The market price of illiquid securities generally is more volatile than that of more liquid securities, which may adversely affect the price that the Fund pays for or recovers upon the sale of illiquid securities. Investment of the Fund’s assets in illiquid securities may restrict the Fund’s ability to take advantage of market opportunities. The Fund also may invest without limit in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional buyers) or are held by control persons of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale. The restriction on public sale may make it more difficult to value such securities, limit the Fund’s ability to dispose of them and lower the amount the Fund could realize upon their sale. Because they are not registered, restricted securities may be sold only in a privately negotiated transaction or pursuant to an exemption from registration. Foreign (Non-U.S.) Securities The Fund may invest without limit in instruments of corporate and other foreign (non-U.S.), including emerging market, issuers and in instruments traded principally outside of the U.S. For purposes of this policy, the Fund considers emerging market countries to include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and most countries located in Western Europe. Some non-U.S. investments may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers. Similarly, there is less volume and liquidity in most foreign securities markets than in the U.S. and, at times, greater price volatility than in the U.S. Evidences of ownership of such securities usually is held outside the U.S. For these and other reasons, the Fund will be subject to additional risks if it makes investments outside the U.S., which include possible adverse political and economic developments, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits and adoption of governmental restrictions which might adversely affect or restrict the payment of principal and interest on the foreign securities to investors located outside the country of the issuer, whether from currency blockage or otherwise. Because non-U.S. investments may trade on days when the Fund’s Shares are not priced, net asset value can change at times when Shares cannot be sold. U.S. and Foreign (Non-U.S.) Currency Transactions The Fund may invest in U.S. dollar-denominated or non U.S.-dollar denominated securities without limit. The Fund may hold non-U.S. currencies without holding any bonds or other income-producing securities denominated in those currencies. Investments in securities denominated in foreign currencies may decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar. In the case of hedged positions, the U.S. dollar may decline in value relative to the currency being hedged. Foreign currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time. Although the Fund is not required to hedge its exposure to any currency, it may choose to do so. The Fund may engage in foreign currency transactions on a spot (cash) basis, and also may enter into foreign exchange forward contracts and invest in foreign currency futures contracts and options on foreign currencies and futures. The Fund may use these currency-related transactions to hedge the risk to the portfolio that foreign exchange price movements will be unfavorable for U.S. invest | |
Risk Factors [Table Text Block] | Principal Risks of the Fund The NAV of the Shares will fluctuate with and be affected by, among other things, various principal investment risks of the Fund and its investments, which are summarized below. New Fund Risk: Portfolio Management Risk: The securities selected for the Fund may not perform as well as other securities that were not selected for the Fund. As a result, the Fund may suffer losses or underperform other funds with the same investment objective or strategies, and may generate losses even in a favorable market. In addition, investment analyses and decisions by the Fund’s portfolio management team may be undertaken on an expedited basis in order for the Fund to take advantage of investment opportunities. In such cases, the information available to the Fund’s portfolio management team at the time of an investment decision may be limited, and the Fund’s portfolio management team may not have access to the detailed information necessary for a full evaluation of the investment opportunity. In addition, the financial information available to the Fund’s portfolio management team may not be accurate or provided based upon accepted accounting methods. The Fund’s portfolio management team will rely upon independent consultants or advisors in connection with the evaluation of proposed investments. There can be no assurance that these consultants or advisors will accurately evaluate such investments. Market Risk: Debt Instruments Risk: Generally, speculative investments securities offer a higher return potential than higher-rated securities, but involve greater volatility of price and greater risk of loss of income and principal. The issuers of such instruments (including sovereign issuers) may face significant ongoing uncertainties and exposure to adverse conditions that may undermine the issuer’s ability to make timely payment of interest and principal. Such instruments are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligations and involve major risk exposure to adverse conditions. In addition, an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for most of these instruments and may have an adverse impact on the value of such instruments. It also is likely that any such economic downturn could adversely affect the ability of the issuers of such instruments to repay principal and pay interest thereon and increase the incidence of default for such instruments. Repurchase Offers Risk: Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities (with associated imputed transaction costs, which may be significant), and, unless offset by sufficient sales of Fund Shares, may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities or to achieve its investment objective. The Fund may accumulate cash by holding back ( i.e., The repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund may increase the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate, which may result in increased transaction costs and reduced returns to shareholders. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed, the Board may determine to increase the amount repurchased by up to 2% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares as of the date of the Repurchase Request Deadline. In the event that the Board determines not to repurchase more than the repurchase offer amount, or if shareholders tender more than the repurchase offer amount plus 2% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares as of the date of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis, and shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. As a result, shareholders may be unable to liquidate all or a given percentage of their investment in the Fund during a particular repurchase offer. Some shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter to ensure the repurchase of a specific number of Shares, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur. A shareholder may be subject to market and other risks, and the NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may decline between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the date on which the NAV for tendered Shares is determined. The NAV on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request. To the extent that the Fund invests a portion of its portfolio in foreign markets, there is the risk of a possible decrease in Share value as a result of currency fluctuations between the date of tender and the Repurchase Pricing Date. In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund may be a taxable event to shareholders, potentially including even shareholders who do not tender any Shares in such repurchase. Furthermore, the Fund’s use of cash to repurchase Shares could adversely affect its ability to satisfy the distribution requirements for treatment as a regulated investment company. The Fund could also recognize income or gain in connection with its sale or other disposal of portfolio securities to fund Share repurchases. Any such income would be taken into account in determining whether such distribution requirements are satisfied and would need to be distributed to shareholders (in taxable distributions) in order to eliminate a Fund-level tax. See “Tax Matters” below. Loans, Participations and Assignments Risk: Investments in loans through a purchase of a loan or a direct assignment of a financial institution’s interests with respect to a loan may involve additional risks to the Fund. For example, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become owner, in whole or in part, of any collateral, and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral. In addition, it is conceivable that under emerging legal theories of lender liability, the Fund could be held liable as co-lender. It is unclear whether loans and other forms of direct indebtedness offer securities law protections against fraud and misrepresentation. In the absence of definitive regulatory guidance, the Fund will rely on the Adviser’s research in an attempt to avoid situations where fraud or misrepresentation could adversely affect the Fund. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement with the same rights and obligations as the assigning lender. Assignments may, however, be arranged through private negotiations between potential assignees and potential assignors, and the rights and obligations acquired by the purchaser of an assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assigning lender. In connection with purchasing loan participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement relating to the loan, nor any rights of set-off against the borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from any collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the loan participation. As a result, the Fund may be subject to the credit risk of both the borrower and the lender that is selling the participation. In the event of the insolvency of the lender selling a participation, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of the lender and may not benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower. Certain loan participations may be structured in a manner designed to prevent purchasers of participations from being subject to the credit risk of the lender with respect to the participation, but even under such a structure, in the event of the lender’s insolvency, the lender’s servicing of the participation may be delayed and the assignability of the participation impaired. The Fund may have difficulty disposing of loans and loan participations because to do so it will have to assign or sell such securities to a third party. Because there is no liquid market for many such investments, the Fund anticipates that such securities could be sold only to a limited number of institutional investors. The lack of a liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the value of such securities and the Fund’s ability to dispose of particular loans and loan participations when that would be desirable, including in response to a specific economic event such as a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower. The lack of a liquid secondary market for loans and loan participations also may make it more difficult for the Fund to assign a value to these securities for purposes of valuing the Fund’s portfolio. To the extent the Fund invests in loans, including bank loans, the Fund may be subject to greater levels of credit risk, call risk, settlement risk and liquidity risk than funds that do not invest in such securities. These instruments are considered predominantly speculative with respect to an issuer’s continuing ability to make principal and interest payments and may be more volatile than other types of securities. The Fund may also be subject to greater levels of liquidity risk than funds that do not invest in loans. In addition, the loans in which the Fund invests may not be listed on any exchange and a secondary market for such loans may be comparatively illiquid relative to markets for other more liquid fixed income securities. Consequently, transactions in loans may involve greater costs than transactions in more actively traded securities. Restrictions on transfers in loan agreements, a lack of publicly-available information, irregular trading activity and wide bid/ask spreads among other factors, may, in certain circumstances, make loans more difficult to sell at an advantageous time or price than other types of securities or instruments. These factors may result in the Fund being unable to realize full value for the loans and/or may result in the Fund not receiving the proceeds from a sale of a loan for an extended period after such sale, each of which could result in losses to the Fund. Loans may have extended trade settlement periods, including settlement periods of greater than 7 days. This extended settlement process can (i) increase the counterparty risk borne by the Fund; (ii) leave the Fund unable to timely exercise voting and other rights as a holder of loans it has agreed to purchase; (iii) delay the Fund from realizing the proceeds of a sale of a loan; (iv) inhibit the Fund’s ability to resell a loan that it has agreed to purchase if conditions change (leaving the Fund more exposed to price fluctuations); (v) prevent the Fund from timely collecting principal and interest payments; and (vi) expose the Fund to adverse tax or regulatory consequences. To the extent the extended loan settlement process gives rise to short-term liquidity needs, such as the need to satisfy redemption requests, the Fund may hold cash, sell investments, or temporarily borrow from banks or other lenders. If an issuer of a loan prepays or redeems the loan prior to maturity, the Fund will have to reinvest the proceeds in other loans or similar instruments that may pay lower interest rates. Because of the risks involved in investing in loans, an investment in the Fund, to the extent it invests in such instruments, should be considered speculative. The Fund’s investments in subordinated and unsecured loans generally are subject to similar risks as those associated with investments in secured loans. Subordinated or unsecured loans are lower in priority of payment to secured loans and are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations of the borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Subordinated and unsecured loans generally have greater price volatility than secured loans and may be less liquid. There is also a possibility that originators will not be able to sell participations in subordinated or unsecured loans, which would create greater credit risk exposure for the holders of such loans. Subordinated and unsecured loans share the same risks as other below investment grade securities. There may be less readily available information about most loans and the underlying borrowers than is the case for many other types of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act, or registered under the Exchange Act, and borrowers subject to the periodic reporting requirements of Section 13 of the Exchange Act. Loans may be issued by companies that are not subject to SEC reporting requirements and therefore may not be required to file reports with the SEC or may file reports that are not required to comply with SEC form requirements. In addition, such companies may be subject to a less stringent liability disclosure regime than companies subject to SEC reporting requirements. Loans may not be considered “securities,” and purchasers, such as the Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws. Instead, in such cases, the Fund generally will rely on the contractual provisions in the loan agreement itself, and common-law fraud protections under applicable state law. Because there is limited public information available regarding loan investments, the Fund is particularly dependent on the analytical abilities of the Fund’s portfolio managers. Economic exposure to loan interests through the use of derivative transactions may involve greater risks than if the Fund had invested in the loan interest directly during a primary distribution or through assignments of, novations of or participations in a loan acquired in secondary markets since, in addition to the risks described above, certain derivative transactions may be subject to leverage risk and greater illiquidity risk, counterparty risk, valuation risk and other risks. High-Yield Securities Risk: The secondary market for high-yield securities is concentrated in relatively few market makers and is dominated by institutional investors, including mutual funds, insurance companies, and other financial institutions. As a result, the secondary market for such securities is not as liquid as, and is more volatile than, the secondary market for higher rated securities. In addition, market trading volume for lower rated securities is generally lower and the secondary market for such securities could shrink or disappear suddenly and without warning as a result of adverse market or economic conditions, independent of any specific adverse changes in the condition of a particular issuer. Because of the lack of sufficient market liquidity, the Fund may incur losses if it is required to effect sales at a disadvantageous time and then only at a substantial drop in price. These factors may have an adverse effect on the market price and the Fund’s ability to dispose of particular portfolio investments. A less liquid secondary market also may make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain precise valuations of the below investment grade securities in its portfolio. “Covenant-lite” Obligations Risk: Defaulted Bonds Risk: Workout or bankruptcy proceedings could adversely affect the Fund’s rights in collateral relating to a loan, delay or limit the Fund’s ability to collect the principal and interest payments on that borrower’s loans, and typically result in only partial recovery of cash payments or an exchange of the defaulted bond for other securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which securities may in turn be illiquid, subject to restrictions on resale and/or speculative. Distressed Debt Risk: Liquidity Risk: Bond markets have consistently grown over the past three decades while the capacity for traditional dealer counterparties to engage in fixed income trading has not kept pace and in some cases has decreased. As a result, dealer inventories of corporate bonds, which provide a core indication of the ability of financial intermediaries to “make markets,” are at or near historic lows in relation to market size. Because market makers seek to provide stability to a market through their intermediary services, the significant reduction in dealer inventories could potentially lead to decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed income markets. Such issues may be exacerbated during periods of economic uncertainty. In such cases, the Fund, due to limitations on investments in illiquid securities and the difficulty in purchasing and selling such securities or instruments, may be unable to achieve its desired level of exposure to a certain sector. To the extent that the Fund’s principal investment strategies involve securities of companies with smaller market capitalizations, foreign (non-U.S.) securities, Rule 144A securities, senior loans, illiquid sectors of fixed income securities, derivatives or securities with substantial market and/or credit risk, the Fund will tend to have the greatest exposure to liquidity risk. Further, fixed income securities with longer durations until maturity face heightened levels of liquidity risk as compared to fixed income securities with shorter durations until maturity. The risks associated with illiquid instruments may be particularly acute in situations in which the Fund’s operations require cash (such as in connection with repurchase offers) and could result in the Fund borrowing to meet its short-term needs or incurring losses on the sale of illiquid instruments. It may also be the case that other market participants may be attempting to liquidate fixed income holdings at the same time as the Fund, causing increased supply in the market and contributing to liquidity risk and downward pricing pressure. Loans Risk Although certain loans in which the Fund may invest will be secured by collateral, there can be no assurance that such collateral could be readily liquidated or that the liquidation of such collateral would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral securing a loan. In the event of a decline in the value of the already pledged collateral, if the terms of a loan do not require the borrower to pledge additional collateral, the Fund will be exposed to the risk that the value of the collateral will not at all times equal or exceed the amount of the borrower’s obligations under the loans. To the extent that a loan is collateralized by stock in the borrower or its subsidiaries, such stock may lose some or all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of the borrower. Those loans that are under-collateralized involve a greater risk of loss. Further, there is a risk that any pledged collateral may decrease in value over time or lose its entire value, may be difficult to sell in a timely manner, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value based upon the success of the business and market conditions. In some circumstances, the Fund’s security interest may be contractually or structurally subordinated to claims of other creditors. Secured debt that is under-collateralized involves a greater risk of loss. In addition, second lien debt is granted a second priority security interest in collateral, which means that any realization of collateral will generally be applied to pay senior secured debt in full before second lien debt is paid. Consequently, the fact that debt is secured does not guarantee that the Fund will receive principal and interest payments according to the debt’s terms, or at all, or that the Fund will be able to collect on the debt should it be forced to enforce remedies. Loans are not registered with the SEC, or any state securities commission, and are not listed on any national securities exchange. There is less readily available or reliable information about most loans than is the case for many other types of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act or registered under the Exchange Act. No active trading market may exist for some loans, and some loans may be subject to restrictions on resale. A secondary market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may impair the ability to realize full value and thus cause a material decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition, the Fund may not be able to readily dispose of its loans at prices that approximate those at which the Fund could sell such loans if they were more widely-traded and, as a result of such illiquidity, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. During periods of limited supply and liquidity of loans, the Fund’s yield may be lower. Some loans are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate the loans to presently existing or future indebtedness of the borrower or take other action detrimental to lenders, including the Fund. Such court action could under certain circumstances include invalidation of loans. If legislation of state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on the ability of financial institutions to make loans, the availability of loans for investment by the Fund may be adversely affected. In addition, such requirements or restrictions could reduce or eliminate sources of financing for certain borrowers. This would increase the risk of default. If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital requirements this may cause financial institutions to dispose of loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such sales could result in prices that, in the opinion of the Adviser, do not represent fair value. If the Fund attempts to sell a loan at a time when a financial institution is engaging in such a sale, the price the Fund could get for the loan may be adversely affected. The Fund may acquire loans through assignments or participations. See “Loans, Participations and Assignments Risk.” The Fund also may originate loans or acquire loans by participating in the initial issuance of the loan as part of a syndicate of banks and financial institutions, or receive its interest in a loan directly from the borrower. Loans may become non-performing for a variety of reasons and borrowers on loans constituting the Fund’s assets may seek the protection afforded by bankruptcy, insolvency and other debtor relief laws. Upon a bankruptcy filing in a U.S. Bankruptcy Court by an issuer of debt, the U.S. Bankruptcy Code imposes an automatic stay on payments of such issuer’s pre-petition debt. A stay on payments to be made on the assets of the Fund could adversely affect the value of those assets and the Fund itself. Other protections in such proceedings may include forgiveness of debt, the ability to create super-priority liens in favor of certain creditors of the debtor and certain well-defined claims procedures. Nonperforming debt obligations may require substantial workout negotiations, restructuring or bankruptcy filings that may entail a substantial reduction in the interest rate, deferral of payments and/or a substantial write-down of the principal of a loan or conversion of some or all of the debt to equity. Insolvency laws may, in certain jurisdictions, result in a restructuring of the debt without the Fund’s consent under the “cramdown” provisions of applicable insolvency laws and may also result in a discharge of all or part of the debt without payment to the Fund. Such non-performing instruments or loans may also require a substantial amount of workout negotiations or restructuring, which may entail, among other things, a substantial reduction in the interest rate and a substantial writedown of principal. It is possible that the Fund may find it necessary or desirable to foreclose on collateral securing one or more loans purchased by the Fund. The foreclosure process varies jurisdiction by jurisdiction and can be lengthy and expensive. Borrowers often resist foreclosure actions, which often prolongs and complicates an already difficult and time-consuming process. In some states or other jurisdictions, foreclosure actions can take up to several years or more to conclude. During the foreclosure proceedings, a borrower may have the ability to file for bankruptcy, potentially staying the foreclosure action and further delaying the foreclosure process. Foreclosure litigation tends to create a negative public image of the collateral assets and may result in disrupting ongoing management of the Fund. There can be no assurance as to the amount and timing of payments, if any, with respect to any such debt instruments. Unitranche Loans: Unitranche loans provide leverage levels comparable to a combination of first lien and second lien or subordinated loans. From the perspective of a lender, in addition to making a single loan, a unitranche loan may allow the lender to choose to participate in the “first out” tranche, which will generally receive priority with respect to payments of principal, interest and any other amounts due, or to choose to participate only in the “last out” tranche, which is generally paid after the first out tranche is paid. The Fund intends to participate in “first out” and “last out” tranches of unitranche loans and make single unitranche loans. Credit Risk: Interest Rate Risk: Conversely, when short-term market interest rates rise, because of the lag between changes in such short-term rates and the resetting of the floating rates on the floating rate debt in the Fund’s portfolio, the impact of rising rates may be delayed. To the extent the Fund invests in fixed rate instruments, fluctuations in the market price of such investments may not affect interest income derived from those instruments, but may nonetheless affect the Fund’s NAV, especially if the instrument has a longer maturity. Substantial increases in interest rates may cause an increase in issuer defaults, as issuers may lack resources to meet higher debt service requirements. Recently, there have been signs of inflationary price movements. As such, fixed income securities markets may experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. The United States is currently experiencing a rising interest rate environment, which may increase the Fund’s exposure to risks associated with rising interest rates. Floating Rate Interest Risk: Structured Investments Risk: Collateralized Loan Obligations: In addition, interest rates or other types of rates and indices which are classed as “benchmarks” have been the subject of ongoing national and international regulatory reform, including under the European Union regulation on indices used as benchmarks in financial instruments and financial contracts (known as the “Benchmarks Regulation”). The Benchmarks Regulation has been enacted into United Kingdom law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (as amended), subject to amendments made by the Benchmarks (Amendment and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (SI 2019/657) and other statutory instruments. Following the implementation of these reforms, the manner of administration of benchmarks has changed and may further change in the future, with the result that relevant benchmarks may perform differently than in the past, the use of benchmarks that are not compliant with the new standards by certain supervised entities may be restricted, and certain benchmarks may be eliminated entirely. Additionally, there could be other consequences which cannot be predicted. Lender Liability Risk: owed to the borrower or its other creditors or shareholders. Because of the nature of its investments, the Fund may be subject to allegations of lender liability. In addition, under common law principles that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, if a lender or bondholder (a) intentionally takes an action that results in the undercapitalization of a borrower to the detriment of other creditors of such borrower, (b) engages in other inequitable conduct to the detriment of such other creditors, (c) engages in fraud with respect to, or makes misrepresentations to, such other creditors, or (d) uses its influence as a stockholder to dominate or control a borrower to the detriment of other creditors of such Borrower, a court may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged creditor or creditors, a remedy called “equitable subordination.” Because affiliates of, or persons related to, the Adviser may hold equity or other interests in obligors of the Fund, the Fund could be exposed to claims for equitable subordination or lender liability or both based on such equity or other holdings. Borrowing and Leverage Risk: Leverage creates several major types of risks for shareholders, including: ● the likelihood of greater volatility of NAV of Shares, and of the investment return to shareholders, than a comparable portfolio without leverage; ● the possibility either that Share dividends will fall if the interest and other costs of leverage rise, or that dividends paid on Shares will fluctuate because such costs vary over time; and ● the effects of leverage in a declining market or a rising interest rate environment, as leverage is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged. If the costs of any leverage used by the Fund exceed the income from portfolio securities acquired through the use of such leverage, the Fund’s net asset value would decline. A decline in the Fund’s net asset value could affect the ability of the Fund to pay dividends or make distributions to shareholders. A failure by the Fund to distribute an adequate proportion of its net investment income in the form of dividends each taxable year may result in the Fund ceasing to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code. See “Tax Matters” below for additional information. Also, the counterparties to the Fund’s leveraging transactions and any preferred shareholders of the Fund will have priority of payment over the Fund’s shareholders. The use by the Fund of reverse repurchase agreements and dollar rolls to obtain leverage also involves special risks. For instance, the market value of the securities that the Fund is obligated to repurchase under a reverse repurchase agreement or dollar roll may decline below the repurchase price. In addition to reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls and/or borrowings (or a future issuance of preferred shares), the Fund may engage in other transactions that may give rise to a form of leverage including, among others, futures and forward contracts (including foreign currency exchange contracts), credit default swaps, total return swaps, basis swaps and other derivative transactions, loans of portfolio securities, short sales and when-issued, delayed delivery and forward commitment transactions). The Fund’s use of such transactions gives rise to associated leverage risks described above, and may adversely affect the Fund’s income, distributions and total returns to shareholders. The Fund may offset derivatives positions against one another or against other assets to manage effective market exposure resulting from derivatives in its portfolio. To the extent that any offsetting positions do not behave in relation to one another as expected, the Fund may perform as if it is leveraged through use of these derivative strategies. The Fund’s borrowings may be on a secured or unsecured basis, and at fixed or variable rates of interest. The Fund’s ability to obtain leverage through borrowings is dependent on its abili | |
Effects of Leverage [Text Block] | Effects of Leverage Assuming the Fund obtains bank borrowings with a repayment obligation equal to approximately 10% of the Fund’s Managed Assets and an annual interest rate of 5.79% of such repayment obligation or principal balance (which rate is approximately the current rate which the Adviser expects the Fund to pay, based on market rates as of December 31, 2024), income generated by the Fund’s portfolio (net of estimated expenses) would need to exceed 0.64% in order to cover such interest payments on the borrowings. Actual interest rates may vary and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate estimated above. The following table illustrates the hypothetical effect on the return to a holder of the Fund’s common Shares of the leverage obtained through bank borrowings equal to approximately 10% of the Fund’s Managed Assets and interest paid on borrowings at an annual rate of 5.79%. It is designed to illustrate the effect of leverage on the total return of common Shares, assuming investment portfolio total returns (comprised of income and changes in the value of securities held in the Fund’s portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns experienced or expected to be experienced by the Fund. See “Principal Risks of the Fund–Borrowing and Leverage Risk.” Assumed Portfolio Total Return (Net of Expenses) (10)% (5)% 0% 5% 10% Common Share Total Return (17.90)% (10.40)% (2.90)% 4.61% 12.11% Total Return is composed of two elements: the dividends on common Shares paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely determined by the net investment income of the Fund after paying dividends or interest on its leverage) and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns. As required by SEC rules, the table above assumes that the Fund is more likely to suffer capital losses than to enjoy capital appreciation. For example, to assume a total return of 0% the Fund must assume that the distributions it receives from its investments are entirely offset by losses in the value of those investments. The Fund currently uses leverage (whether through the use of senior securities or otherwise) to achieve its investment objective, as a liquidity source to Fund repurchases or for temporary and extraordinary purposes and may consider other potential uses in the future. The Fund’s willingness to use leverage, and the extent to which leverage is used at any time, will depend on many factors, including the Adviser’s assessment of the yield curve environment, interest rate trends, market conditions, and other factors. | |
Annual Interest Rate, Initial [Percent] | 5.79% | |
Effects of Leverage [Table Text Block] | Assumed Portfolio Total Return (Net of Expenses) (10)% (5)% 0% 5% 10% Common Share Total Return (17.90)% (10.40)% (2.90)% 4.61% 12.11% | |
Return at Minus Ten [Percent] | (17.90%) | |
Return at Minus Five [Percent] | (10.40%) | |
Return at Zero [Percent] | (2.90%) | |
Return at Plus Five [Percent] | 4.61% | |
Return at Plus Ten [Percent] | 12.11% | |
Effects of Leverage, Purpose [Text Block] | The following table illustrates the hypothetical effect on the return to a holder of the Fund’s common Shares of the leverage obtained through bank borrowings equal to approximately 10% of the Fund’s Managed Assets and interest paid on borrowings at an annual rate of 5.79%. It is designed to illustrate the effect of leverage on the total return of common Shares, assuming investment portfolio total returns (comprised of income and changes in the value of securities held in the Fund’s portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns experienced or expected to be experienced by the Fund. See “Principal Risks of the Fund–Borrowing and Leverage Risk.” | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | |
Capital Stock [Table Text Block] | DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND SHARES The following is a brief description of the anticipated capital structure of the Fund. This description does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Declaration of Trust and the Fund’s By-laws. The Declaration of Trust and By-laws are each exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. The Fund is a Delaware statutory trust established under the laws of the State of Delaware by the Declaration of Trust. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Trustees may authorize separate series or classes of Shares of beneficial interest of the Fund. Preferred shares may be issued in one or more series, with such rights as determined by the Board, by action of the Board without the approval of the shareholders. Shares of Beneficial Interest The Declaration of Trust authorizes the issuance of an unlimited number of Shares. The Fund currently offers three classes of Shares: Class A, Class I and Class U. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set forth in “Summary of Fund Expenses” above. Shares Under the terms of the Declaration of Trust, all Shares, when consideration for Shares is received by the Fund, will be fully paid and nonassessable. Distributions may be paid to Shareholders if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board. Shares will have no preference, preemptive, appraisal, conversion, exchange, or redemption rights, and will be freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by law or contract. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board shall have the power to repurchase or redeem Shares. In the event of the Fund’s dissolution, after the Fund pays or adequately provides for the payment of all claims and obligations of the Fund, and upon the receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements deemed necessary by the Board, each Share will be entitled to receive, according to its respective rights, a pro rata Preferred Shares and Other Securities The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board may, subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions and the requirements of the 1940 Act, authorize and cause the Fund to issue securities of the Fund other than Shares (including preferred Shares, debt securities or other senior securities), by action of the Board without the approval of Shareholders. The Board may determine the terms, rights, preferences, privileges, limitations and restrictions of such securities as the Board sees fit. Preferred Shares could be issued with rights and preferences that would adversely affect Shareholders. Preferred Shares could also be used as an anti-takeover device. Every issuance of preferred Shares will be required to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act requires, among other things, that (i) immediately after issuance of preferred Shares and before any distribution is made with respect to the Shares and before any purchase of Shares is made, the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference of such preferred Shares together with the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference or aggregate value of all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal to 50% of the Fund’s total assets after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as the case may be; and (ii) the holders of preferred Shares, if any are issued, must be entitled as a class to elect two Trustees at all times and to elect a majority of the Trustees if distributions on such preferred Shares are in arrears by two years or more. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the separate vote of the holders of any issued and outstanding preferred Shares. | |
Security Dividends [Text Block] | Distributions may be paid to Shareholders if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board. | |
Security Voting Rights [Text Block] | Each whole Share will be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote, and each fractional Share will be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote. Shareholders shall be entitled to vote on all matters on which a vote of Shareholders is required by the 1940 Act, the Declaration of Trust, or a resolution of the Board. There will be no cumulative voting in the election or removal of Trustees. Under the Declaration of Trust, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings of Shareholders. The Fund only expects to hold Shareholder meetings to the extent required by the 1940 Act or pursuant to special meetings called by the Board or a majority of Shareholders. | |
Security Liquidation Rights [Text Block] | In the event of the Fund’s dissolution, after the Fund pays or adequately provides for the payment of all claims and obligations of the Fund, and upon the receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements deemed necessary by the Board, each Share will be entitled to receive, according to its respective rights, a pro rata | |
Security Preemptive and Other Rights [Text Block] | Shares will have no preference, preemptive, appraisal, conversion, exchange, or redemption rights, and will be freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by law or contract. | |
Outstanding Securities [Table Text Block] | The following table shows the number of Shares of the Fund that were authorized and outstanding as of the date of December 31, 2024: (1) (2) (3) (4) Title of Class Amount Authorized Amount Held by Amount Common Shares Unlimited 0 $100,000 Although it has no present intention to do so, the Fund may determine in the future to issue preferred shares or other senior securities to add leverage to its portfolio. Any such preferred shares would have complete priority upon distribution of assets over the Shares. | |
Outstanding Security, Title [Text Block] | Common Shares | |
Outstanding Security, Held [Shares] | shares | 0 | |
Outstanding Security, Not Held [Shares] | shares | 100,000 | |
New Fund Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | New Fund Risk: | |
Portfolio Management Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Portfolio Management Risk: The securities selected for the Fund may not perform as well as other securities that were not selected for the Fund. As a result, the Fund may suffer losses or underperform other funds with the same investment objective or strategies, and may generate losses even in a favorable market. In addition, investment analyses and decisions by the Fund’s portfolio management team may be undertaken on an expedited basis in order for the Fund to take advantage of investment opportunities. In such cases, the information available to the Fund’s portfolio management team at the time of an investment decision may be limited, and the Fund’s portfolio management team may not have access to the detailed information necessary for a full evaluation of the investment opportunity. In addition, the financial information available to the Fund’s portfolio management team may not be accurate or provided based upon accepted accounting methods. The Fund’s portfolio management team will rely upon independent consultants or advisors in connection with the evaluation of proposed investments. There can be no assurance that these consultants or advisors will accurately evaluate such investments. | |
Market Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Market Risk: | |
Debt Instruments Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Debt Instruments Risk: Generally, speculative investments securities offer a higher return potential than higher-rated securities, but involve greater volatility of price and greater risk of loss of income and principal. The issuers of such instruments (including sovereign issuers) may face significant ongoing uncertainties and exposure to adverse conditions that may undermine the issuer’s ability to make timely payment of interest and principal. Such instruments are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligations and involve major risk exposure to adverse conditions. In addition, an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for most of these instruments and may have an adverse impact on the value of such instruments. It also is likely that any such economic downturn could adversely affect the ability of the issuers of such instruments to repay principal and pay interest thereon and increase the incidence of default for such instruments. | |
Repurchase Offers Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Repurchase Offers Risk: Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities (with associated imputed transaction costs, which may be significant), and, unless offset by sufficient sales of Fund Shares, may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities or to achieve its investment objective. The Fund may accumulate cash by holding back ( i.e., The repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund may increase the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate, which may result in increased transaction costs and reduced returns to shareholders. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed, the Board may determine to increase the amount repurchased by up to 2% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares as of the date of the Repurchase Request Deadline. In the event that the Board determines not to repurchase more than the repurchase offer amount, or if shareholders tender more than the repurchase offer amount plus 2% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares as of the date of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis, and shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. As a result, shareholders may be unable to liquidate all or a given percentage of their investment in the Fund during a particular repurchase offer. Some shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter to ensure the repurchase of a specific number of Shares, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur. A shareholder may be subject to market and other risks, and the NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may decline between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the date on which the NAV for tendered Shares is determined. The NAV on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request. To the extent that the Fund invests a portion of its portfolio in foreign markets, there is the risk of a possible decrease in Share value as a result of currency fluctuations between the date of tender and the Repurchase Pricing Date. In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund may be a taxable event to shareholders, potentially including even shareholders who do not tender any Shares in such repurchase. Furthermore, the Fund’s use of cash to repurchase Shares could adversely affect its ability to satisfy the distribution requirements for treatment as a regulated investment company. The Fund could also recognize income or gain in connection with its sale or other disposal of portfolio securities to fund Share repurchases. Any such income would be taken into account in determining whether such distribution requirements are satisfied and would need to be distributed to shareholders (in taxable distributions) in order to eliminate a Fund-level tax. See “Tax Matters” below. | |
Loans, Participations and Assignments Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Loans, Participations and Assignments Risk: Investments in loans through a purchase of a loan or a direct assignment of a financial institution’s interests with respect to a loan may involve additional risks to the Fund. For example, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become owner, in whole or in part, of any collateral, and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral. In addition, it is conceivable that under emerging legal theories of lender liability, the Fund could be held liable as co-lender. It is unclear whether loans and other forms of direct indebtedness offer securities law protections against fraud and misrepresentation. In the absence of definitive regulatory guidance, the Fund will rely on the Adviser’s research in an attempt to avoid situations where fraud or misrepresentation could adversely affect the Fund. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement with the same rights and obligations as the assigning lender. Assignments may, however, be arranged through private negotiations between potential assignees and potential assignors, and the rights and obligations acquired by the purchaser of an assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assigning lender. In connection with purchasing loan participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement relating to the loan, nor any rights of set-off against the borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from any collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the loan participation. As a result, the Fund may be subject to the credit risk of both the borrower and the lender that is selling the participation. In the event of the insolvency of the lender selling a participation, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of the lender and may not benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower. Certain loan participations may be structured in a manner designed to prevent purchasers of participations from being subject to the credit risk of the lender with respect to the participation, but even under such a structure, in the event of the lender’s insolvency, the lender’s servicing of the participation may be delayed and the assignability of the participation impaired. The Fund may have difficulty disposing of loans and loan participations because to do so it will have to assign or sell such securities to a third party. Because there is no liquid market for many such investments, the Fund anticipates that such securities could be sold only to a limited number of institutional investors. The lack of a liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the value of such securities and the Fund’s ability to dispose of particular loans and loan participations when that would be desirable, including in response to a specific economic event such as a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower. The lack of a liquid secondary market for loans and loan participations also may make it more difficult for the Fund to assign a value to these securities for purposes of valuing the Fund’s portfolio. To the extent the Fund invests in loans, including bank loans, the Fund may be subject to greater levels of credit risk, call risk, settlement risk and liquidity risk than funds that do not invest in such securities. These instruments are considered predominantly speculative with respect to an issuer’s continuing ability to make principal and interest payments and may be more volatile than other types of securities. The Fund may also be subject to greater levels of liquidity risk than funds that do not invest in loans. In addition, the loans in which the Fund invests may not be listed on any exchange and a secondary market for such loans may be comparatively illiquid relative to markets for other more liquid fixed income securities. Consequently, transactions in loans may involve greater costs than transactions in more actively traded securities. Restrictions on transfers in loan agreements, a lack of publicly-available information, irregular trading activity and wide bid/ask spreads among other factors, may, in certain circumstances, make loans more difficult to sell at an advantageous time or price than other types of securities or instruments. These factors may result in the Fund being unable to realize full value for the loans and/or may result in the Fund not receiving the proceeds from a sale of a loan for an extended period after such sale, each of which could result in losses to the Fund. Loans may have extended trade settlement periods, including settlement periods of greater than 7 days. This extended settlement process can (i) increase the counterparty risk borne by the Fund; (ii) leave the Fund unable to timely exercise voting and other rights as a holder of loans it has agreed to purchase; (iii) delay the Fund from realizing the proceeds of a sale of a loan; (iv) inhibit the Fund’s ability to resell a loan that it has agreed to purchase if conditions change (leaving the Fund more exposed to price fluctuations); (v) prevent the Fund from timely collecting principal and interest payments; and (vi) expose the Fund to adverse tax or regulatory consequences. To the extent the extended loan settlement process gives rise to short-term liquidity needs, such as the need to satisfy redemption requests, the Fund may hold cash, sell investments, or temporarily borrow from banks or other lenders. If an issuer of a loan prepays or redeems the loan prior to maturity, the Fund will have to reinvest the proceeds in other loans or similar instruments that may pay lower interest rates. Because of the risks involved in investing in loans, an investment in the Fund, to the extent it invests in such instruments, should be considered speculative. The Fund’s investments in subordinated and unsecured loans generally are subject to similar risks as those associated with investments in secured loans. Subordinated or unsecured loans are lower in priority of payment to secured loans and are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations of the borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Subordinated and unsecured loans generally have greater price volatility than secured loans and may be less liquid. There is also a possibility that originators will not be able to sell participations in subordinated or unsecured loans, which would create greater credit risk exposure for the holders of such loans. Subordinated and unsecured loans share the same risks as other below investment grade securities. There may be less readily available information about most loans and the underlying borrowers than is the case for many other types of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act, or registered under the Exchange Act, and borrowers subject to the periodic reporting requirements of Section 13 of the Exchange Act. Loans may be issued by companies that are not subject to SEC reporting requirements and therefore may not be required to file reports with the SEC or may file reports that are not required to comply with SEC form requirements. In addition, such companies may be subject to a less stringent liability disclosure regime than companies subject to SEC reporting requirements. Loans may not be considered “securities,” and purchasers, such as the Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws. Instead, in such cases, the Fund generally will rely on the contractual provisions in the loan agreement itself, and common-law fraud protections under applicable state law. Because there is limited public information available regarding loan investments, the Fund is particularly dependent on the analytical abilities of the Fund’s portfolio managers. Economic exposure to loan interests through the use of derivative transactions may involve greater risks than if the Fund had invested in the loan interest directly during a primary distribution or through assignments of, novations of or participations in a loan acquired in secondary markets since, in addition to the risks described above, certain derivative transactions may be subject to leverage risk and greater illiquidity risk, counterparty risk, valuation risk and other risks. | |
High-Yield Securities Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | High-Yield Securities Risk: The secondary market for high-yield securities is concentrated in relatively few market makers and is dominated by institutional investors, including mutual funds, insurance companies, and other financial institutions. As a result, the secondary market for such securities is not as liquid as, and is more volatile than, the secondary market for higher rated securities. In addition, market trading volume for lower rated securities is generally lower and the secondary market for such securities could shrink or disappear suddenly and without warning as a result of adverse market or economic conditions, independent of any specific adverse changes in the condition of a particular issuer. Because of the lack of sufficient market liquidity, the Fund may incur losses if it is required to effect sales at a disadvantageous time and then only at a substantial drop in price. These factors may have an adverse effect on the market price and the Fund’s ability to dispose of particular portfolio investments. A less liquid secondary market also may make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain precise valuations of the below investment grade securities in its portfolio. | |
“Covenant-lite” Obligations Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | “Covenant-lite” Obligations Risk: | |
Defaulted Bonds Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Defaulted Bonds Risk: Workout or bankruptcy proceedings could adversely affect the Fund’s rights in collateral relating to a loan, delay or limit the Fund’s ability to collect the principal and interest payments on that borrower’s loans, and typically result in only partial recovery of cash payments or an exchange of the defaulted bond for other securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which securities may in turn be illiquid, subject to restrictions on resale and/or speculative. | |
Distressed Debt Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Distressed Debt Risk: | |
Liquidity Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Liquidity Risk: Bond markets have consistently grown over the past three decades while the capacity for traditional dealer counterparties to engage in fixed income trading has not kept pace and in some cases has decreased. As a result, dealer inventories of corporate bonds, which provide a core indication of the ability of financial intermediaries to “make markets,” are at or near historic lows in relation to market size. Because market makers seek to provide stability to a market through their intermediary services, the significant reduction in dealer inventories could potentially lead to decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed income markets. Such issues may be exacerbated during periods of economic uncertainty. In such cases, the Fund, due to limitations on investments in illiquid securities and the difficulty in purchasing and selling such securities or instruments, may be unable to achieve its desired level of exposure to a certain sector. To the extent that the Fund’s principal investment strategies involve securities of companies with smaller market capitalizations, foreign (non-U.S.) securities, Rule 144A securities, senior loans, illiquid sectors of fixed income securities, derivatives or securities with substantial market and/or credit risk, the Fund will tend to have the greatest exposure to liquidity risk. Further, fixed income securities with longer durations until maturity face heightened levels of liquidity risk as compared to fixed income securities with shorter durations until maturity. The risks associated with illiquid instruments may be particularly acute in situations in which the Fund’s operations require cash (such as in connection with repurchase offers) and could result in the Fund borrowing to meet its short-term needs or incurring losses on the sale of illiquid instruments. It may also be the case that other market participants may be attempting to liquidate fixed income holdings at the same time as the Fund, causing increased supply in the market and contributing to liquidity risk and downward pricing pressure. | |
Loans Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Loans Risk Although certain loans in which the Fund may invest will be secured by collateral, there can be no assurance that such collateral could be readily liquidated or that the liquidation of such collateral would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral securing a loan. In the event of a decline in the value of the already pledged collateral, if the terms of a loan do not require the borrower to pledge additional collateral, the Fund will be exposed to the risk that the value of the collateral will not at all times equal or exceed the amount of the borrower’s obligations under the loans. To the extent that a loan is collateralized by stock in the borrower or its subsidiaries, such stock may lose some or all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of the borrower. Those loans that are under-collateralized involve a greater risk of loss. Further, there is a risk that any pledged collateral may decrease in value over time or lose its entire value, may be difficult to sell in a timely manner, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value based upon the success of the business and market conditions. In some circumstances, the Fund’s security interest may be contractually or structurally subordinated to claims of other creditors. Secured debt that is under-collateralized involves a greater risk of loss. In addition, second lien debt is granted a second priority security interest in collateral, which means that any realization of collateral will generally be applied to pay senior secured debt in full before second lien debt is paid. Consequently, the fact that debt is secured does not guarantee that the Fund will receive principal and interest payments according to the debt’s terms, or at all, or that the Fund will be able to collect on the debt should it be forced to enforce remedies. Loans are not registered with the SEC, or any state securities commission, and are not listed on any national securities exchange. There is less readily available or reliable information about most loans than is the case for many other types of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act or registered under the Exchange Act. No active trading market may exist for some loans, and some loans may be subject to restrictions on resale. A secondary market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may impair the ability to realize full value and thus cause a material decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition, the Fund may not be able to readily dispose of its loans at prices that approximate those at which the Fund could sell such loans if they were more widely-traded and, as a result of such illiquidity, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. During periods of limited supply and liquidity of loans, the Fund’s yield may be lower. Some loans are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate the loans to presently existing or future indebtedness of the borrower or take other action detrimental to lenders, including the Fund. Such court action could under certain circumstances include invalidation of loans. If legislation of state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on the ability of financial institutions to make loans, the availability of loans for investment by the Fund may be adversely affected. In addition, such requirements or restrictions could reduce or eliminate sources of financing for certain borrowers. This would increase the risk of default. If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital requirements this may cause financial institutions to dispose of loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such sales could result in prices that, in the opinion of the Adviser, do not represent fair value. If the Fund attempts to sell a loan at a time when a financial institution is engaging in such a sale, the price the Fund could get for the loan may be adversely affected. The Fund may acquire loans through assignments or participations. See “Loans, Participations and Assignments Risk.” The Fund also may originate loans or acquire loans by participating in the initial issuance of the loan as part of a syndicate of banks and financial institutions, or receive its interest in a loan directly from the borrower. Loans may become non-performing for a variety of reasons and borrowers on loans constituting the Fund’s assets may seek the protection afforded by bankruptcy, insolvency and other debtor relief laws. Upon a bankruptcy filing in a U.S. Bankruptcy Court by an issuer of debt, the U.S. Bankruptcy Code imposes an automatic stay on payments of such issuer’s pre-petition debt. A stay on payments to be made on the assets of the Fund could adversely affect the value of those assets and the Fund itself. Other protections in such proceedings may include forgiveness of debt, the ability to create super-priority liens in favor of certain creditors of the debtor and certain well-defined claims procedures. Nonperforming debt obligations may require substantial workout negotiations, restructuring or bankruptcy filings that may entail a substantial reduction in the interest rate, deferral of payments and/or a substantial write-down of the principal of a loan or conversion of some or all of the debt to equity. Insolvency laws may, in certain jurisdictions, result in a restructuring of the debt without the Fund’s consent under the “cramdown” provisions of applicable insolvency laws and may also result in a discharge of all or part of the debt without payment to the Fund. Such non-performing instruments or loans may also require a substantial amount of workout negotiations or restructuring, which may entail, among other things, a substantial reduction in the interest rate and a substantial writedown of principal. It is possible that the Fund may find it necessary or desirable to foreclose on collateral securing one or more loans purchased by the Fund. The foreclosure process varies jurisdiction by jurisdiction and can be lengthy and expensive. Borrowers often resist foreclosure actions, which often prolongs and complicates an already difficult and time-consuming process. In some states or other jurisdictions, foreclosure actions can take up to several years or more to conclude. During the foreclosure proceedings, a borrower may have the ability to file for bankruptcy, potentially staying the foreclosure action and further delaying the foreclosure process. Foreclosure litigation tends to create a negative public image of the collateral assets and may result in disrupting ongoing management of the Fund. There can be no assurance as to the amount and timing of payments, if any, with respect to any such debt instruments. | |
Unitranche Loans [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Unitranche Loans: Unitranche loans provide leverage levels comparable to a combination of first lien and second lien or subordinated loans. From the perspective of a lender, in addition to making a single loan, a unitranche loan may allow the lender to choose to participate in the “first out” tranche, which will generally receive priority with respect to payments of principal, interest and any other amounts due, or to choose to participate only in the “last out” tranche, which is generally paid after the first out tranche is paid. The Fund intends to participate in “first out” and “last out” tranches of unitranche loans and make single unitranche loans. | |
CreditRiskMember | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Credit Risk: | |
Floating Rate Interest Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Floating Rate Interest Risk: | |
Structured Investments Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Structured Investments Risk: | |
Collateralized Loan Obligations [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Collateralized Loan Obligations: In addition, interest rates or other types of rates and indices which are classed as “benchmarks” have been the subject of ongoing national and international regulatory reform, including under the European Union regulation on indices used as benchmarks in financial instruments and financial contracts (known as the “Benchmarks Regulation”). The Benchmarks Regulation has been enacted into United Kingdom law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (as amended), subject to amendments made by the Benchmarks (Amendment and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (SI 2019/657) and other statutory instruments. Following the implementation of these reforms, the manner of administration of benchmarks has changed and may further change in the future, with the result that relevant benchmarks may perform differently than in the past, the use of benchmarks that are not compliant with the new standards by certain supervised entities may be restricted, and certain benchmarks may be eliminated entirely. Additionally, there could be other consequences which cannot be predicted. | |
Lender Liability Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Lender Liability Risk: owed to the borrower or its other creditors or shareholders. Because of the nature of its investments, the Fund may be subject to allegations of lender liability. In addition, under common law principles that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, if a lender or bondholder (a) intentionally takes an action that results in the undercapitalization of a borrower to the detriment of other creditors of such borrower, (b) engages in other inequitable conduct to the detriment of such other creditors, (c) engages in fraud with respect to, or makes misrepresentations to, such other creditors, or (d) uses its influence as a stockholder to dominate or control a borrower to the detriment of other creditors of such Borrower, a court may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged creditor or creditors, a remedy called “equitable subordination.” Because affiliates of, or persons related to, the Adviser may hold equity or other interests in obligors of the Fund, the Fund could be exposed to claims for equitable subordination or lender liability or both based on such equity or other holdings. | |
Borrowing and Leverage Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Borrowing and Leverage Risk: Leverage creates several major types of risks for shareholders, including: ● the likelihood of greater volatility of NAV of Shares, and of the investment return to shareholders, than a comparable portfolio without leverage; ● the possibility either that Share dividends will fall if the interest and other costs of leverage rise, or that dividends paid on Shares will fluctuate because such costs vary over time; and ● the effects of leverage in a declining market or a rising interest rate environment, as leverage is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged. If the costs of any leverage used by the Fund exceed the income from portfolio securities acquired through the use of such leverage, the Fund’s net asset value would decline. A decline in the Fund’s net asset value could affect the ability of the Fund to pay dividends or make distributions to shareholders. A failure by the Fund to distribute an adequate proportion of its net investment income in the form of dividends each taxable year may result in the Fund ceasing to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code. See “Tax Matters” below for additional information. Also, the counterparties to the Fund’s leveraging transactions and any preferred shareholders of the Fund will have priority of payment over the Fund’s shareholders. The use by the Fund of reverse repurchase agreements and dollar rolls to obtain leverage also involves special risks. For instance, the market value of the securities that the Fund is obligated to repurchase under a reverse repurchase agreement or dollar roll may decline below the repurchase price. In addition to reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls and/or borrowings (or a future issuance of preferred shares), the Fund may engage in other transactions that may give rise to a form of leverage including, among others, futures and forward contracts (including foreign currency exchange contracts), credit default swaps, total return swaps, basis swaps and other derivative transactions, loans of portfolio securities, short sales and when-issued, delayed delivery and forward commitment transactions). The Fund’s use of such transactions gives rise to associated leverage risks described above, and may adversely affect the Fund’s income, distributions and total returns to shareholders. The Fund may offset derivatives positions against one another or against other assets to manage effective market exposure resulting from derivatives in its portfolio. To the extent that any offsetting positions do not behave in relation to one another as expected, the Fund may perform as if it is leveraged through use of these derivative strategies. The Fund’s borrowings may be on a secured or unsecured basis, and at fixed or variable rates of interest. The Fund’s ability to obtain leverage through borrowings is dependent on its ability to establish and maintain appropriate lines of credit or other borrowing facilities. The Fund’s borrowings may impose financial and operating covenants that restrict the Fund’s business activities, including limitations that could hinder the Fund’s ability to make additional investments and/or to fund Share repurchases. Market conditions may unfavorably impact the Fund’s ability to secure borrowings on favorable or commercially feasible terms. | |
Business Development Company (“BDC”) Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Business Development Company (“BDC”) Risk: Investments in BDCs may be subject to a high degree of risk. BDCs typically invest in small and medium-sized private and certain public companies that may not have access to public equity or debt markets for capital raising. As a result, a BDC’s portfolio typically will include a substantial amount of securities purchased in private placements, and its portfolio may carry risks similar to those of a private equity or venture capital fund. Securities that are not publicly registered may be difficult to value and may be difficult to sell at a price representative of their intrinsic value. Small and medium-sized companies also may have fewer lines of business so that changes in any one line of business may have a greater impact on the value of their stock than is the case with a larger company. To the extent a BDC focuses its investments in a specific sector, the BDC will be susceptible to adverse conditions and economic or regulatory occurrences affecting the specific sector or industry group, which tends to increase volatility and result in higher risk. Investments in BDCs are subject to various risks, including management’s ability to meet the BDC’s investment objective and to manage the BDC’s portfolio when the underlying securities are redeemed or sold, during periods of market turmoil and as investors’ perceptions regarding a BDC or its underlying investments change. Unlisted BDCs are illiquid investments, and there is no guarantee the Fund will be able to liquidate or sell its unlisted BDC investments. Certain BDCs may use leverage in their portfolios through borrowings or the issuance of preferred stock. While leverage may increase the yield and total return of a BDC, it also subjects the BDC to increased risks, including magnification of any investment losses and increased volatility. In addition, a BDC’s income may fall if the interest rate on any borrowings of the BDC rises. | |
Mortgage-Related and Asset Backed Instruments [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Mortgage-Related and Asset Backed Instruments: The mortgage-related assets in which the Fund may invest include, but are not limited to, any security, instrument or other asset that is related to U.S. or non-U.S. mortgages, including those issued by private originators or issuers, or issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities or by non-U.S. governments or authorities, such as, without limitation, assets representing interests in, collateralized or backed by, or whose values are determined in whole or in part by reference to any number of mortgages or pools of mortgages or the payment experience of such mortgages or pools of mortgages, including real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”), which could include Re-REMICs, mortgage pass-through securities, inverse floaters, CMOs, CLOs, multiclass pass-through securities, private mortgage pass-through securities, stripped mortgage securities (generally interest-only and principal-only securities), mortgage-related asset backed securities and mortgage-related loans (including through participations, assignments, originations and whole loans), including commercial and residential mortgage loans. The Fund may also invest in other types of asset-backed securities, including CDOs, which include CBOs, CLOs and other similarly structured securities Mortgage-related and other asset-backed instruments represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets such as consumer loans or receivables held in trust and often involve risks that are different from or possibly more acute than risks associated with other types of debt instruments. Generally, rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of fixed rate mortgage-related assets, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, the Fund may exhibit additional volatility since individual mortgage holders are less likely to exercise prepayment options, thereby putting additional downward pressure on the value of these securities and potentially causing the Fund to lose money. This is known as extension risk. Mortgage-backed securities can be highly sensitive to rising interest rates, such that even small movements can cause the Fund to lose value. Mortgage-backed securities, and in particular those not backed by a government guarantee, are subject to credit risk. When interest rates decline, borrowers may pay off their mortgages sooner than expected. This can reduce the returns of the Fund because the Fund may have to reinvest that money at the lower prevailing interest rates. The Fund’s investments in other asset-backed instruments are subject to risks similar to those associated with mortgage-related assets, as well as additional risks associated with the nature of the assets and the servicing of those assets. Payment of principal and interest on asset-backed instruments may be largely dependent upon the cash flows generated by the assets backing the instruments, and asset-backed instruments may not have the benefit of any security interest in the related assets. | |
Derivatives Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Derivatives Risk: ● The risk that the value of a derivative may not correlate with the value of the underlying asset, rate, or index in the manner anticipated by the portfolio management team and may be more sensitive to changes in economic or market conditions than anticipated. ● Derivatives may be difficult to value, especially under stressed or unforeseen market conditions. ● The risk that the counterparty may fail to fulfill its contractual obligations under the derivative contract. Central clearing of derivatives is intended to decrease counterparty risk but does not eliminate it. ● The risk that there will not be a liquid secondary trading market for the derivative, or that the Fund will otherwise be unable to sell or otherwise close a derivatives position when desired, exposing the Fund to additional losses. ● Because derivatives generally involve a small initial investment relative to the risk assumed (known as leverage), derivatives can magnify the Fund’s losses and increase its volatility. ● The Fund’s use of derivatives may affect the amount, timing, and character of distributions, and may cause the Fund to realize more short-term capital gain and ordinary income than if the Fund did not use derivatives. There is no assurance that the Fund will be able to employ its derivatives strategies successfully. Derivatives may not perform as expected and the Fund may not realize the intended benefits. Whether the Fund’s use of derivatives is successful will depend on, among other things, the portfolio managers’ ability to correctly forecast market movements, company and industry valuation levels and trends, changes in foreign exchange and interest rates, and other factors. If the portfolio managers incorrectly forecast these and other factors, the Fund’s performance could suffer. Although hedging may reduce or eliminate losses, it also may reduce or eliminate gains. When used for hedging purposes, the changes in value of a derivative may not correlate as expected with the currency, security, portfolio, or other risk being hedged. When used as an alternative or substitute for, or in combination with, direct investments, the return provided by the derivative may not provide the same return as direct investment. In addition, given their complexity, derivatives are subject to the risk that improper or misunderstood documentation may expose the Fund to losses. The U.S. Government has enacted legislation that provides for new regulation of the derivatives market, including clearing, margin, reporting, and registration requirements. The EU, UK and other countries are implementing similar requirements, which will affect the Fund when it enters into a derivatives transaction with a counterparty organized in such a country or otherwise subject to that country’s derivatives regulations. Because these requirements are new and evolving, their ultimate impact on the Fund remains unclear. It is possible that government regulation of various types of derivative instruments could potentially limit or restrict the ability of the Fund to use these instruments as a part of its investment strategy, increase the costs of using these instruments, make them less effective, or otherwise adversely affect their value. Limits or restrictions applicable to the counterparties with which the Fund engages in derivative transactions could also prevent the Fund from using these instruments or affect the pricing or other factors relating to these instruments. See “Credit Defaults Swaps Risk” and “Repurchase Agreement Risk” below for risks specific to such instruments. | |
Credit Default Swaps Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Credit Default Swaps Risk: Although the Fund may seek to realize gains by selling credit default swaps that increase in value, to realize gains on selling credit default swaps, an active secondary market for such instruments must exist or the Fund must otherwise be able to close out these transactions at advantageous times. In addition to the risk of losses described above, if no such secondary market exists or the Fund is otherwise unable to close out these transactions at advantageous times, selling credit default swaps may not be profitable for the Fund. The Fund will be subject to credit risk with respect to the counterparties to the credit default swap contract (whether a clearing corporation in the case of a cleared credit default swap or another third party in the case of an uncleared credit default swap). If a counterparty’s credit becomes significantly impaired, multiple requests for collateral posting in a short period of time could increase the risk that the Fund may not receive adequate collateral. The Fund may exit its obligations under a credit default swap only by terminating the contract and paying applicable breakage fees, or by entering into an offsetting credit default swap position, which may cause the Fund to incur more losses. The Fund may be unable to exit a credit default swap. The Fund’s return from investment in a credit default swap index may not match the return of the referenced index. Further, investment in a credit default swap index could result in losses if the referenced index does not perform as expected. Unexpected changes in the composition of the index may also affect performance of the credit default swap index. If a referenced index has a dramatic intraday move that causes a material decline in the Fund’s net assets, the terms of the Fund’s credit default swap index may permit the counterparty to immediately close out the transaction. In that event, the Fund may be unable to enter into another credit default swap index or otherwise achieve desired exposure, even if the referenced index reverses all or a portion of its intraday move. | |
Repurchase Agreement Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Repurchase Agreement Risk: | |
Fixed Income Securities Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Fixed Income Securities Risk: | |
Convertible Securities Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Convertible Securities Risk The value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value” (determined by its yield in comparison with the yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege) and its “conversion value” (the security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock). The investment value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The conversion value of a convertible security is determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value is low relative to the investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. To the extent the market price of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security will be increasingly influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its conversion value by the extent to which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed-income security. Generally, the amount of the premium decreases as the convertible security approaches maturity. | |
Preferred Securities Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Preferred Securities Risk | |
Non-U.S. Securities Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Non-U.S. Securities Risk the United States, we would be subject to additional risks if we invested in non-U.S. securities, which include possible adverse political and economic developments, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits and adoption of governmental restrictions, which might adversely affect or restrict the payment of principal and interest on the non-U.S. securities to shareholders located outside the country of the issuer, whether from currency blockage or otherwise. Because non-U.S. securities may be purchased with and payable in foreign currencies, the value of these assets as measured in U.S. dollars may be affected unfavorably by changes in currency rates and exchange control regulations. Non-U.S. companies are not subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies | |
Subordinated Debt Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Subordinated Debt Risk | |
Counterparty and Prime Brokerage Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Counterparty and Prime Brokerage Risk: | |
Risk of Regulatory Changes [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Risk of Regulatory Changes: In addition, the securities and futures markets are subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations and margin requirements. The CFTC, the SEC, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, other regulators and self-regulatory organizations and exchanges are authorized under these statutes, regulations and otherwise to take extraordinary actions in the event of market emergencies. To the extent the Fund and the Adviser are or have historically been eligible for exemptions from certain regulations, there is no assurance that the Fund and the Adviser will continue to be eligible for such exemptions. The CFTC and certain futures exchanges have established (and continue to evaluate and revise) limits, referred to as “position limits,” on the maximum net long or net short positions which any person or entity may hold or control in particular futures and options on contracts. In addition, federal position limits apply to swaps that are economically equivalent to futures contracts that are subject to CFTC-set limits. All positions owned or controlled by the same person or entity, even if in different accounts, must be aggregated for purposes of determining whether the applicable position limits have been exceeded, unless an exemption applies. Thus, even if the Fund does not intend to exceed applicable position limits, it is possible that positions of different clients managed by the Adviser and its related parties may be aggregated for this purpose. Therefore it is possible that the trading decisions of the Adviser may have to be modified and that positions held by the Fund may have to be liquidated in order to avoid exceeding such limits. The modification of investment decisions or the elimination of open positions, if it occurs, may adversely affect the performance of the Fund. A violation of position limits could also lead to regulatory action materially adverse to the Fund’s investment strategy. The SEC has in the past adopted interim rules requiring reporting of all short positions above a certain de minimis borrowing securities to sell short could increase drastically and the availability of such securities to the Fund could decrease drastically. Such events could make the Fund unable to execute its investment strategy. In addition, if the SEC were to adopt restrictions regarding short sales, they could restrict the Fund’s ability to engage in short sales in certain circumstances, and the Fund may be unable to execute its investment strategies as a result. The SEC and regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions may adopt (and in certain cases, have adopted) bans on short sales of certain securities in response to market events. Bans on short selling may have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to generate returns. Rules implementing the credit risk retention requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act, for asset-backed securities will require the sponsor of certain securitization vehicles (or a majority owned affiliate of such sponsor) to retain, and to refrain from transferring, selling, conveying to a third party, or hedging 5% of the credit risk in assets transferred, sold, or conveyed through the issuance of the asset-backed securities of such vehicle, subject to certain exceptions. The rules apply to offerings of RMBS occurring on and after December 24, 2015 and to offerings of other types of asset-backed securities occurring on and after December 24, 2016, subject to certain exceptions. In addition, a refinancing of, or a significant amendment to, a securitization that closed prior to such date may in certain cases result in the application of the rules to a securitization that was previously not subject to the Dodd-Frank risk retention requirements. The impact of the risk retention rules on the securitization markets is uncertain. These requirements may increase the costs to originators, securitizers, and, in certain cases, collateral managers of securitization vehicles in which the Fund may invest, which costs could be passed along to such Fund as an investor in such vehicles. In addition, the costs imposed by the risk retention rules on originators, securitizers and/or collateral managers may result in a reduction of the number of new offerings of asset-backed securities and thus in fewer investment opportunities for the Fund. A reduction in the number of new securitizations could also reduce liquidity in the markets for certain types of financial assets that are typically held by securitization vehicles, which in turn could negatively affect the returns on the Fund’s investment in asset-backed securities. Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act regulates registered investment companies’ use of derivatives and certain related instruments ( e.g. | |
Inflation/Deflation Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Inflation/Deflation Risk: | |
Foreign and Emerging Market Company Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Foreign and Emerging Market Company Risk: Foreign company securities also include ADRs, GDRs and other similar depositary receipts. ADRs, GDRs and other similar depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Foreign company securities also may be subject to thin trading volumes and reduced liquidity, which may lead to greater price fluctuation. A change in the value of a foreign currency relative to the U.S. dollar will change the value of securities held by the Fund that are denominated in that foreign currency, including the value of any income distributions payable to the Fund as a holder of such securities. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time for a number of reasons, including changes in interest rates and the overall economic health of the issuer. Devaluation of a currency by a country’s government or banking authority also will have an adverse impact on the U.S. dollar value of any investments denominated in that currency. These and other factors can materially adversely affect the prices of securities the Fund holds, impair the Fund’s ability to buy or sell securities at their desired price or time, or otherwise adversely affect the Fund’s operations. The Fund may invest in securities of issuers, including emerging market issuers, whose economic fortunes are linked to non-U.S. markets, but which principally are traded on a U.S. securities market or exchange and denominated in U.S. dollars. To the extent the Fund invests in this manner, the percentage of the Fund’s assets that is exposed to the risks associated with foreign companies may exceed the percentage of the Fund’s assets that is invested in foreign securities that are principally traded outside of the U.S. The Fund’s investments in emerging market companies generally are subject to heightened risks compared to its investments in developed market companies. Investments with economic exposure to emerging markets may be considered speculative and generally are riskier than investments in more developed markets because such markets tend to develop unevenly and may never fully develop. Emerging markets are more likely to experience hyperinflation and currency devaluations. Securities of emerging market companies may have far lower trading volumes, tend to be less liquid, be subject to greater price volatility, have a smaller market capitalization, have less government regulation, and may not be subject to as extensive and frequent accounting, financial, and other reporting requirements as securities issued in more developed countries. Further, investing in the securities of issuers with economic exposure to emerging countries may present a greater risk of loss resulting from problems in security registration and custody, substantial economic or political disruptions, terrorism, armed conflicts and other geopolitical events, and the impact of tariffs and other restrictions on trade or economic sanctions. Geopolitical events such as nationalization or expropriation could even cause the loss of the Fund’s entire investment in one or more country. In addition, infectious illness outbreaks, epidemics or pandemics may exacerbate pre-existing problems in emerging market countries with less established health care systems. In certain emerging market countries, governments participate to a significant degree, through ownership or regulation, in their respective economies. Action by these governments could have a significant adverse effect on market prices of securities and payment of dividends. The Fund may invest in securities of companies whose economic fortunes are linked to emerging markets but which principally are traded on a non-emerging market exchange. Such investments do not meet the Fund’s definition of an emerging market security. To the extent the Fund invests in this manner, the percentage of the Fund’s portfolio that is exposed to emerging market risks may be greater than the percentage of the Fund’s assets that the Fund defines as representing emerging market securities. | |
Foreign Currency Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Foreign Currency Risk: | |
Distribution Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Distribution Risk: | |
Tax Treatment Limitations and Potential Changes in Tax Treatment Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Tax Treatment Limitations and Potential Changes in Tax Treatment Risk: | |
Non-Diversification Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Non-Diversification Risk: | |
Sustainability Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Sustainability Risk evaluate relevant sustainability factors alongside other fundamental research inputs to attempt to gain a more complete understanding of an issuer’s potential risk and return profile. Sustainability factors may not be considered for every investment decision, and there is no guarantee that consideration of these factors will enhance performance. To the extent that sustainability factors are incorporated into the investment process, the weight they are given will depend on the investment team’s assessment of their financial materiality and relevance to the investment decision. The Fund may hold investments with financially material sustainability risk. In evaluating an investment, Lord Abbett may rely on information and data obtained through voluntary or third-party reporting that may be incomplete, inaccurate or unavailable, which could cause Lord Abbett to incorrectly assess sustainability risks associated with an investment. As norms differ by industry and region and the regulatory environment continues to evolve, an issuer’s sustainability policies and Lord Abbett’s assessment of them may change over time. | |
Cyber Security Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Cyber Security Risk: e.g. While the Advisers have established internal risk management security protocols designed to identify, protect against, detect, respond to and recover from cyber security incidents, there are inherent limitations in such protocols including the possibility that certain threats and vulnerabilities have not been identified or made public due to the evolving nature of cyber security threats. Furthermore, the Advisers cannot control the cyber security systems of third-party service providers or issuers. Any problems relating to the performance and effectiveness of security procedures used by the Fund or its service providers to protect the Fund’s assets, such as algorithms, codes, passwords, multiple signature systems, encryption and telephone call-backs, may have an adverse impact on the Fund or its investors. Furthermore, as the Fund’s assets grow, it may become a more appealing target for cybersecurity threats such as hackers and malware. Geopolitical tensions could increase the scale and sophistication of deliberate cybersecurity attacks, particularly those from nation-states or from entities with nation-state backing. There currently is no insurance policy available to cover all of the potential risks associated with cyber incidents. Unless specifically agreed by the Advisers separately or required by law, the Advisers are not guarantors against, or obligors for, any damages resulting from a cyber-security-related incident. | |
Artificial Intelligence Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Artificial Intelligence Risk. | |
Operational Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Operational Risk: | |
Business Continuity Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Business Continuity Risk: shortages, supply shortages, system failures or malfunctions. The Fund’s ability to recover any losses or expenses it incurs as a result of a disruption of business operations may be limited by the liability, standard of care, and related provisions in its contractual arrangements with Lord Abbett and other service providers. | |
Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk: e.g. While the U.S. Government has always honored its credit obligations, a default by the U.S. Government (as has been threatened over the years) would be highly disruptive to the U.S. and global securities markets and could significantly reduce the value of the Fund’s investments. Similarly, political events within the United States at times have resulted, and may in the future result, in a shutdown of government services, which could adversely affect the U.S. economy, decrease the value of many Fund investments, and increase uncertainty in or impair the operation of the U.S. or other securities markets. On January 31, 2020, the UK left the EU (commonly known as “Brexit”). An agreement between the UK and the EU governing their future trade relationship became effective January 1, 2021, but critical aspects of the relationship remain unresolved and subject to further negotiation and agreement. Brexit resulted in volatility in European and global markets and could have negative long-term impacts on financial markets in the UK and throughout Europe. There is still considerable uncertainty relating to the potential consequences of the exit, how the negotiations for new trade agreements will be conducted, and whether the UK’s exit will increase the likelihood of other countries also departing the EU. Any further exits from the EU may cause additional market disruption globally and introduce new legal and regulatory uncertainties. Substantial government interventions ( e.g. In addition, natural and environmental disasters, ( e.g. Adverse developments that affect financial institutions or the financial services industry generally, or concerns or rumors about any events of these kinds or other similar risks, may reduce liquidity in the market generally or have other adverse effects on the economy, the Fund or issuers in which the Fund invests. In addition, issuers in which the Fund invests and the Fund may not be able to identify all potential solvency or stress concerns with respect to a financial institution or to transfer assets from one bank or financial institution to another in a timely manner in the event such bank or financial institution comes under stress or fails. The impacts and effects of infectious illness outbreaks, epidemics or pandemics (such as the COVID-19 outbreak), may be short term or may continue for an extended period of time. For example, a global pandemic or other widespread health crises could negatively affect the global economy, the economies of individual countries, and the financial performance of individual issuers, sectors, industries, asset classes, and markets in significant and unforeseen ways. Health crises caused by outbreaks of disease may also exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, and economic risks in certain countries or globally. The foregoing could disrupt the operations of the Fund and its service providers, adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments, and negatively impact the Fund’s performance and your investment in the Fund. Advancements in technology may also adversely impact markets and the overall performance of the Fund. For instance, the economy may be significantly impacted by the advanced development and increased regulation of technology. As the use of technology grows, liquidity and market movements may be affected. As technology is used more widely in the asset management industry, the profitability and growth of Fund holdings may be impacted, which could significantly impact the overall performance of the Fund. | |
Valuation Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Valuation Risk: | |
Bridge Loans Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Bridge Loans Risk | |
Nature of Mezzanine Debt and Other Junior Unsecured Securities Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Nature of Mezzanine Debt and Other Junior Unsecured Securities Risk Default rates for mezzanine debt and other junior unsecured securities have historically been higher than such rates for investment grade securities. If the Fund makes an investment that is not secured by collateral, the Fund will have no assurance (as compared to those distressed securities investors that acquire only fully collateralized positions) that it will recover any of the principal that it has invested. While junior, unsecured, equity or quasi-equity investments may benefit from the same or similar financial and other covenants as those enjoyed by the indebtedness ranking more senior to such investments and may benefit from cross-default provisions, some or all of such terms may not be part of the particular investments. In addition, the debt securities in which the Fund may invest may not be protected by financial covenants or limitations upon additional indebtedness, may have limited liquidity and are not expected to be rated by a credit rating agency. | |
Interest Rate Risk [Member] | | |
General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | | |
Risk [Text Block] | Interest Rate Risk: Conversely, when short-term market interest rates rise, because of the lag between changes in such short-term rates and the resetting of the floating rates on the floating rate debt in the Fund’s portfolio, the impact of rising rates may be delayed. To the extent the Fund invests in fixed rate instruments, fluctuations in the market price of such investments may not affect interest income derived from those instruments, but may nonetheless affect the Fund’s NAV, especially if the instrument has a longer maturity. Substantial increases in interest rates may cause an increase in issuer defaults, as issuers may lack resources to meet higher debt service requirements. Recently, there have been signs of inflationary price movements. As such, fixed income securities markets may experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. The United States is currently experiencing a rising interest rate environment, which may increase the Fund’s exposure to risks associated with rising interest rates. | |
Class A [Member] | | |
Fee Table [Abstract] | | |
Sales Load [Percent] | 2.50% | |
Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Fees | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract] | | |
Other Transaction Expense 1 [Percent] | 1.50% | [1] |
Other Transaction Expense 2 [Percent] | 0% | |
Management Fees [Percent] | 1% | [2] |
Interest Expenses on Borrowings [Percent] | 0.66% | [3] |
Dividend and Interest Expenses on Short Sales [Percent] | 0.97% | [4] |
Distribution/Servicing Fees [Percent] | 0.75% | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | |
Total Annual Expenses [Percent] | 3.38% | |
Waivers and Reimbursements of Fees [Percent] | (1.22%) | [5] |
Net Expense over Assets [Percent] | 2.16% | [4] |
Expense Example, Year 01 | $ 46 | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | 115 | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | 186 | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | $ 375 | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | |
Security Title [Text Block] | Class A | |
Class I [Member] | | |
Fee Table [Abstract] | | |
Sales Load [Percent] | | [6] |
Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Fees | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract] | | |
Other Transaction Expense 1 [Percent] | | |
Other Transaction Expense 2 [Percent] | 0% | |
Management Fees [Percent] | 1% | [2] |
Interest Expenses on Borrowings [Percent] | 0.66% | [3] |
Dividend and Interest Expenses on Short Sales [Percent] | 0.97% | [4] |
Distribution/Servicing Fees [Percent] | | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | |
Total Annual Expenses [Percent] | 2.63% | |
Waivers and Reimbursements of Fees [Percent] | (1.22%) | [5] |
Net Expense over Assets [Percent] | 1.41% | [4] |
Expense Example, Year 01 | $ 14 | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | 70 | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | 129 | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | $ 287 | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | |
Security Title [Text Block] | Class I | |
Class U [Member] | | |
Fee Table [Abstract] | | |
Sales Load [Percent] | | [6] |
Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Fees | | |
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract] | | |
Other Transaction Expense 1 [Percent] | | |
Other Transaction Expense 2 [Percent] | 0% | |
Management Fees [Percent] | 1% | [2] |
Interest Expenses on Borrowings [Percent] | 0.66% | [3] |
Dividend and Interest Expenses on Short Sales [Percent] | 0.97% | [4] |
Distribution/Servicing Fees [Percent] | 0.75% | |
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract] | | |
Total Annual Expenses [Percent] | 3.38% | |
Waivers and Reimbursements of Fees [Percent] | (1.22%) | [5] |
Net Expense over Assets [Percent] | 2.16% | [4] |
Expense Example, Year 01 | $ 22 | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 | 93 | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 | 166 | |
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 | $ 359 | |
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract] | | |
Security Title [Text Block] | Class U | |
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[1]A contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1.50% may be assessed on Class A Shares purchased without a sales charge if they are repurchased before the first day of the month of the one-year anniversary of the purchase.[2]Pursuant to an investment advisory agreement, the Adviser receives an annual fee, payable monthly by the Fund, in an amount equal to 1.00% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.[3]Assumes interest expense accrued at the rate of 5.79% on borrowed funds used to employ leverage, which rate is subject to change based upon prevailing market conditions.[4]“Other Expenses” are based on estimated net assets of $100 million.[5]The Adviser, the Sub-Adviser and the Fund have entered into the Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement under which the Adviser and Sub-Adviser have agreed contractually for a one-year period from the date of this Prospectus to waive, pay or otherwise bear management fees and all other expenses incurred in the business of the Fund (“Specified Expenses”) on an equal basis ( i.e. In consideration of the Adviser’s and Sub-Adviser’s agreement to waive, pay or otherwise bear the Fund’s Specified Expenses on a 50/50 basis, the Fund has agreed to repay the Adviser and Sub-Adviser on a 50/50 basis a Reimbursement Amount in respect of each of Class A, Class I and Class U subject to the limitation that a reimbursement will be made only if and to the extent that: (i) it is payable not more than three years from the date on which the applicable waiver or expense payment was made by the Adviser and Sub-Adviser; and (ii) the Reimbursement Amount does not cause the Fund’s total annual operating expenses (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during the applicable quarter to exceed the Expense Cap of such class. The Reimbursement Amount for a class of Shares will not cause Fund expenses in respect of that class to exceed the lesser of (1) the expense limitation in effect at the time of waiver or reimbursement, and (2) the expense limitation in effect at the time of recapture. See “Management of the Fund—Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement” for additional information. The Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect for a one-year period from the date of this Prospectus, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. Thereafter, the Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement may be renewed annually with the written agreement of the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser, and the Fund. |