| SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Revenue Recognition The Company applies the following five-step model in order to determine revenue recognition: (i) identification of the contract with a customer; (ii) identification of the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when the Company satisfies each performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that it will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the services it transfers to the customer. Commission Income The Company derives its revenues from the placement of insurance contracts between insurance carriers and insureds. Revenues are recognized when the performance obligation of placing the policy has been met and the policy is in effect, based on the effective date of the policy. Commission income is an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services. The Company does not have any significant financing components. Costs incurred to place a contract are expensed as incurred. The Company incurs costs to place the contracts, primarily through commissions paid to agents. The Company’s customers are insurance carriers, as the Company acts as an agent to the insureds to identify a policy and carrier that best meets the needs of the insured. The Company contracts with various insurance carriers and earns commissions for the initial term of the policy on policies placed with insurance carriers. Contracts with the insurance carriers are non-exclusive and can typically be terminated unilaterally by either party. Additionally, the Company and the insurance carrier can agree to amend provisions in the contracts relating to the prospective commission rates paid to the Company for new policies sold. Revenue from performance obligations is satisfied at the point in time in which the current term of the policy is placed and effective. These contracts are sold by the Company on behalf of the insurance carriers to the policyholder. For performance obligations related to the placement of insurance contracts, control transfers to the policyholder at a point in time at which all performance obligations have been fulfilled as evidenced by the binding of a policy. Commissions are established by contract between the Company and the insurance carrier and are calculated as a percentage of premium for the underlying insurance contract. The Company records revenue when the underlying insurance contracts are bound for the commission expected to be received for the current term of the policy, net of any estimated refunds due to policy cancellations. Commissions related to renewed policies are recognized at the time the policy renews and the new policy becomes effective. The only material promise to be performed by the Company is to sell the policy. While agreements may indicate certain administrative support such as to provide the underlying insured with policy information, such promises are immaterial in the context of the contract and are not identified as performance obligations. Additionally, the Company has concluded that they are required to “re-sell” the policy on an annual basis. As a result, a performance obligation exists for each policy term. This coincides with the efforts of placing renewed policies with the insurance carrier. The transaction price is the total commission the Company expects to receive from the insurance carrier for the current term of the policy. The transaction date is determined by the effective date of the insurance policy. Policies are subject to cancellation at the discretion of the insured, and such a cancellation would result in the Company’s commission being limited to the period that the policy was in force. The Company estimates any expected variable consideration, endorsements, or cancellations, based on historical information and data collected from external sources, at the time revenue is recorded. Contingent Income Contingent income is earned from the insurance carriers to drive incremental policy sales when the Company meets or exceeds certain premium volumes and/or falls below specific loss ratio quotas predetermined by its insurance carriers. The Company utilizes the expected value approach to estimate contingent income that incorporates a combination of historical payment data by insurance carriers and the current-year production forecast data used to estimate the amount of contingent income expected to be received from the insurance carriers. Because of the uncertainty regarding the amount estimated to be received, the Company constrains the recognition of contingent income until information from the insurance carrier regarding the amount owed by the insurance carriers to the Company is received and is probable to avoid reversal of contingent income in the future period. The uncertainty regarding the estimated contingent income is primarily in the profitability of the insurance policies placed, as determined by the loss ratios maintained by the insurance carriers. The uncertainty is resolved upon receiving notification from the insurance carrier regarding actual profitability results. Contingent income is not refundable. Fee Income Fee income is comprised primarily of policy fees, branch fees, license fees and third-party administrator (“TPA”) fees. The Company receives policy fees as compensation for administrative services performed in connection with the placement and issuance of certain policies that are in addition to and separate from commissions paid by the insurance carriers. Policy fees are recognized at the point in time in which an insurance policy is bound and issued on the effective date of certain policies. Policy fees are not refundable. Branch fees include the monthly recurring fees assessed for the ongoing customer service and back-office support provided to independent branches operating exclusively through the Company pursuant to an exclusive branch agreement and a one-time branch onboarding fee. The Company’s performance obligation related to branch fees is largely satisfied, and the related revenue is recognized at a point in time, when the services are rendered, typically monthly. Branch fees are deducted from the monthly commissions paid to the branch. License fees include usage-based fees, which are typically priced as a specified fee per user and assessed by the Company for the use of its proprietary applications. The Company’s performance obligation related to license fees is largely satisfied, and the related revenue is recognized at a point in time, when the services are rendered, typically monthly. TPA fees are related to services performed based on service agreements with a few insurance carriers. Revenues associated with TPA fees are recognized at a point in time, when the services are performed, which is typically monthly. Other Income Other income is comprised primarily of income earned for facilitating premium financing arrangements, fees assessed for agent conventions, interest income, and other miscellaneous income. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents primarily include demand deposits with financial institutions and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are not managed by external or internal investment advisors. Restricted Cash In certain cases, the Company collects premiums from insureds and, after deducting our commissions and fees, remits the premiums to insurance carriers. The Company also collects surplus line taxes for remittance to state taxing authorities. Additionally, the Company has an agreement with certain insurance carriers whereby it remits claim payments and/or premium refunds to the insured on behalf of the insurance carriers. While the Company is in possession of the premiums, claims payments and surplus line taxes, the Company may invest those funds in interest-bearing demand deposit accounts with banks, in which interest income on these unremitted amounts is included in Other non-operating income (expense), net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. These unremitted amounts are reported as Restricted cash in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Restricted cash amounting to $9.7 million and $7.2 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, is comprised of interest-bearing bank deposits. In its role as an insurance intermediary, the Company collects and remits amounts between the insureds and insurance carriers. Because these amounts are collected on behalf of third parties, they are excluded from the measurement of the transaction price when applying the revenue recognition guidance. Similarly, the Company excludes surplus lines taxes from the measurement of the transaction price, as these are assessed by and remitted to governmental authorities. The Company recognizes the amounts collected on behalf of others, including insureds and insurance carriers, as Accounts receivable and the associated Carrier liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The Company does not have any rights or obligations in connection with these amounts with the exception of segregating these amounts from the Company's operating funds and paying them when they are due. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company reported Carrier liabilities amounting to $13.3 million and $8.7 million, respectively. Carrier liabilities are recognized based on premiums written, while Restricted cash is recorded based on premiums collected. This basis difference, coupled with the timing of settling the commissions and fees on collected premiums, resulted in differences between the amount reported in Restricted cash and Carrier liabilities. Receivables Commissions receivable represents commissions earned but outstanding along with the estimated contingent commissions. Accounts receivable represents premiums billed by TWFG-GA on behalf of certain insurance carriers. These amounts, less commission, are remitted to the insurance carriers upon collection. Allowance for Credit Losses On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted the current expected credit losses methodology (“CECL”) for estimating allowances for credit losses for most financial assets. The Company adopted the CECL methodology using a modified retrospective method, which requires a cumulative effect adjustment to its opening retained earnings. Upon adoption of the CECL methodology, the Company recorded a total allowance for credit losses of $0.3 million, which was primarily related to Receivables from agents, included in Other current assets, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, and to a lesser extent, Commissions receivable. The allowance for credit losses is maintained on Commissions receivable and Receivables from agents, included in Other current assets, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The determination of the credit allowance is based on a quarterly evaluation of each of these receivables, including general economic conditions and estimated collectability. The Company evaluates the collectability of its receivables based on a combination of credit quality indicators, including, but not limited to, payment status, historical charge-offs, and financial strength of the insurance carriers for Commissions receivable, and production performance and age of balances for Receivables from agents. A receivable is considered to have deteriorated in credit quality when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the total allowance for credit losses was $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively. No allowance for credit losses was required related to Accounts receivable as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Intangible Assets Intangible assets are stated at cost, less accumulated amortization, and consist of computer software development costs, non-compete agreements, and purchased customer lists. Computer software development costs are amortized on the straight-line method over three eight The Company acquires intangible assets in connection with acquisition transactions. In each acquisition transaction, the Company assesses whether the transaction should follow accounting guidance applicable to an asset acquisition or a business combination. This assessment requires an evaluation of whether the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, resulting in an asset acquisition or, if not, resulting in a business combination. An asset acquisition is an acquisition of an asset, or a group of assets, that does not meet the definition of a business. The Company accounts for asset acquisitions using the cost accumulation and allocation model, whereby the costs of acquisition are allocated to the assets acquired on a relative fair value basis in accordance with the Company’s accounting policies. The acquired intangible assets are recorded at fair value, which is determined based on multiples of revenue or Adjusted EBITDA, growth rates, and loss ratios of the intangible assets acquired. The methods and assumptions used to determine the purchase price and the estimated useful lives of intangible assets require significant judgment. Intangible assets are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may no longer be recoverable. If indicators of impairment exist, the Company assesses the recoverability of its intangible assets by reviewing the estimated future undiscounted cash flows generated by the corresponding asset or asset group. If based on the assessment, the Company determines that the intangible assets are impaired, such assets are written down to their fair values with the related impairment losses recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. There were no impairments recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Maintenance, minor repairs, and replacements are charged directly to expense as incurred, while major renewals and betterments are capitalized. When property and equipment are sold or otherwise disposed of, the asset accounts and related accumulated depreciation accounts are relieved, and any gain or loss is included in the results of operations. Property and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: Useful Life Automobiles 5 years Computer equipment 5 years Furniture and fixtures 7 years Leasehold improvements Lesser of the estimated useful life or the underlying lease term Office equipment 5 - 7 years Property and equipment are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may no longer be recoverable. If indicators of impairment exist, the Company assesses its recoverability by reviewing the estimated future undiscounted cash flows generated by the corresponding asset or asset group. If based on the assessment, the Company determines that the property and equipment are impaired, such assets are written down to their fair values with the related impairment losses recognized in the result of operations. There were no impairments recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Assets for disposal are reported at the lower of the carrying value or fair value, less costs to sell. Deferred Offering Costs Deferred offering costs, which consist of direct incremental legal, accounting, consulting, and other fees and expenses related to the IPO were capitalized in Deferred offering costs on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The deferred offering costs were offset against IPO proceeds upon the consummation of the IPO. Upon closing of the IPO on July 19, 2024, total deferred offering costs of $7.8 million were reclassified to additional paid-in capital to offset the IPO proceeds. The Company had no deferred offering costs as of September 30, 2024. Commissions Payable Commissions payable represents commissions due to agents for services provided for the placement of insurance contracts. The Company records the commission expense and the related commissions payable on the effective date of the policy based on the estimated total premium for the term of the policy adjusted for any expected variable consideration, endorsements or cancellations based on historical information at the time the expense is recorded. Leases The Company evaluates contracts entered into to determine whether the contract involves the use of an identified asset. The Company then evaluates whether it obtains substantially all economic benefits from the use of the asset, and whether it has the right to direct the use of the asset. If these criteria are met and a lease has been identified, the Company accounts for the contract under the requirements of the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842, Leases . The Company's leased assets consist primarily of real estate for occupied offices and office equipment. Leases with a lease term of 12 months or less at inception are not recorded on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company determines the lease term by assessing the renewal options with the lessor and includes lease extension (or termination) options only when options are reasonably certain of being (or not being) exercised. All of the Company’s real estate and office equipment leases are recognized as operating leases. The Company does not sublease any of its leases. The Company elected the practical expedient to not separate non-lease and lease components and rather account for them as a single lease component of the underlying assets. The Company has no variable lease payments in any of its leases. The Company recognizes lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position for operating lease agreements. Lease liabilities are measured at the lease commencement date as the present value of the future lease payments determined. As the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate on the lease commencement date. ROU assets are measured as the lease liability plus initial direct costs and prepaid lease payments less lease incentives. Derivatives The Company uses derivative financial instruments, i.e., interest rate swaps, to manage its interest rate exposure associated with some of its borrowings. The Company does not hold or issue derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Derivative instruments are recognized as assets or liabilities at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. At the inception of the hedging relationship, the Company formally documents its designation of the hedge as a cash flow hedge and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedging transaction. The Company identifies how the hedging instrument is expected to hedge the designated risks related to the hedged item and the method that will be used to retrospectively and prospectively assess the hedge effectiveness and the method which will be used to measure ineffectiveness. A derivative designated as a hedging instrument must be assessed as being highly effective in offsetting the designated risk of the hedged item. Hedge effectiveness is formally assessed at inception and periodically throughout the life of the hedge accounting relationship. For derivative instruments designated as a cash flow hedge, all changes in the fair value of the hedging derivative are reported within accumulated other comprehensive income and the related gains or losses on the derivative are reclassified into earnings when the cash flows of the hedged item affect earnings. For a derivative not designated as a hedge, changes in the derivative’s fair value and any income received or paid on derivatives at the settlement date are included in earnings. See Note 6 for additional information about the Company’s derivative instruments . The Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively when: (1) it determines the derivative is no longer highly effective in offsetting changes in the estimated cash flows of a hedged item; (2) the derivative expires, is sold, terminated, or exercised; or (3) the derivative is de-designated as a hedging instrument. When hedge accounting is discontinued, the derivative continues to be carried on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. Fair Value Measurements ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement , establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes and ranks the level of observability of inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level I measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level III measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under ASC 820 are as follows: Level I – Observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical assets in active markets; Level II – Inputs other than quoted prices for identical assets in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and Level III – Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data which requires the use of valuation techniques and the development of assumptions. The carrying amount of financial assets and liabilities reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position for Cash and cash equivalents, Restricted cash, Commissions receivable, Accounts receivable, Other current assets, Commissions payable, Carrier liabilities, and Other current liabilities at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, approximate fair value because of the short-term duration of these instruments. See Notes 6 and 8 for discussions of fair value measurements related to derivative instruments and debt. Noncontrolling Interests Pursuant to the Reorganization Transactions, as described in Note 1, the Company is organized in an “Up-C” structure with the Company owning only a portion of its consolidated subsidiaries. Noncontrolling interests represent the economic interests in TWFG Holding held by the Continuing Pre-IPO LLC Members. Income or loss is attributed to the noncontrolling interests based on the weighted average Pre-IPO Members’ LLC Unit interests outstanding during the period. The noncontrolling interests can be exchanged at the election of the Company, for shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis or a cash payment equal to the volume weighted average market price of one share of Class A Common Stock for each LLC Unit exchanged. The noncontrolling interests' ownership percentage can fluctuate over time as the Continuing Pre-IPO LLC Members elect to exchange their LLC Units, together with their corresponding shares of Class B and Class C Common Stock, for Class A Common Stock. Because redemptions for cash is solely within the control of the Company, noncontrolling interests are presented in permanent equity. Stock-Based Compensation The Company has granted restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under its 2024 Omnibus Incentive Plan. The Company measures all RSUs granted to employees, directors and non-employees at fair value at each grant date based on the price of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant. The Company has granted RSUs that are subject to service-based vesting conditions. There are no performance conditions attached to the RSUs granted by the Company. Compensation expense for grants to employees and directors with service-based vesting conditions is recognized using the straight-line method over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. Compensation expense for grants to non-employees with service-based vesting conditions is recognized in the same manner as if the Company had paid cash in exchange for the goods or services, which is generally over the vesting period of the award. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. All stock-based compensation expense is recorded in salaries and employee benefits in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Earnings Per Share The Company’s basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to Class A common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to the Company by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding. The computation of net income (loss) attributable to the Company is computed by deducting net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests from the consolidated net income or loss. Shares of Class B Common Stock and Class C Common Stock do not share in the earnings or losses of the Company and are therefore not participating securities. As such, separate presentation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class B and Class C Common Stock under the two-class method has not been presented. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by adjusting the net income (loss) available to the Company and the weighted average shares outstanding to give effect to potentially dilutive securities. Income Taxes The Company is the managing member of TWFG Holding and, as a result, consolidates the financial results of TWFG Holding in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. TWFG Holding is a pass-through entity for U.S. federal and most applicable state and local income tax purposes following the Reorganization Transactions effected in connection with the IPO. As an entity classified as a partnership for tax purposes, TWFG Holding is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by TWFG Holding is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including the Company. The Company is taxed as a corporation and pays corporate federal, state and local taxes with respect to income allocated from TWFG Holding, based on the Company’s ownership interest in TWFG Holding during each reporting period. The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the consolidated financial statements or in the Company’s tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded in the provision for income taxes. The Company assesses the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent it believes, based upon the weight of available evidence, that it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is established through a charge to income tax expense. Potential for recovery of deferred tax assets is evaluated by estimating the future taxable profits expected and considering prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. Income tax expense was $0.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The estimated effective tax rate was 5.96% and 2.09% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, which is different from the 21% statutory rate primarily because prior to the completion of the Reorganization Transactions, the Company was taxed as a partnership and the taxable income was included in the taxable income of its members. Additionally, income tax expense is recognized only on the portion of earnings attributable to the Company in the periods following the consummation of the Reorganization Transactions. The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the consolidated financial statements by applying a two-step process to determine the amount of tax benefit to be recognized. First, the tax position must be evaluated to determine the likelihood that it will be sustained upon external examination by the taxing authorities. If the tax position is deemed more likely than not to be sustained, the tax position is then assessed to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the consolidated financial statements. The amount of the benefit that may be recognized is the largest amount that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The provision for income taxes includes the effects of any resulting tax reserves, or unrecognized tax benefits, that are considered appropriate as well as the related net interest and penalties. The Company has determined there are no material uncertain tax positions as of September 30, 2024. Segment The Company operates its business as a single operating and reportable segment, which is consistent with how its chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) reviews financial performance and allocates resources. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted Segment Reporting In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting standard that is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements. The standard requires disclosures to include significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM, a description of other segment items by reportable segment, and any additional measures of a segment's profit or loss used by the CODM when deciding how to allocate resources. The ASU also requires all annual disclosures currently required by the standard to be included in interim periods. The update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted and requires retrospective application to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company intends to adopt the new standard in its annual consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ending December 31, 2024. The Company expects the adoption of the standard to have an impact on its disclosures; however, the standard will not have an impact on its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, Operations or Cash Flows. Income Taxes In December 2023, the FASB issued an accounting standard that requires disaggregated income tax disclosures for specific categories on the effective tax rate reconciliation, and additional information about federal, state, local and foreign income taxes. The standard also requires annual disclosure of income taxes paid (net of refunds received), disaggregated by jurisdiction. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The standard is to be applied on a prospective basis, although optional retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this standard will have on its financial statement disclosures. |
