SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Description of Business Varian Medical Systems, Inc. (“VMS”) and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) designs, manufactures, sells and services hardware and software products for treating cancer with radiotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, stereotactic body radiotherapy, and brachytherapy. Software solutions also include informatics software for information management, clinical knowledge exchange, patient care management, practice management and decision-making support for comprehensive cancer clinics, radiotherapy centers and medical oncology practices. The Company also develops, designs, manufactures, sells and services proton therapy products and systems for cancer treatment. Distribution On January 28, 2017 (the "Distribution Date"), the Company completed the separation and distribution (the "Distribution") of Varex Imaging Corporation ("Varex"), the Company's former Imaging Components business segment. On the Distribution Date, each of Varian's stockholder of record as of the close of business on January 20, 2017 (the "Record Date") received 0.4 of a share of Varex common stock for every one share of Varian common stock as of the Record Date. Varex is now an independent publicly traded company and is listed on The NASDAQ Global Select Market under the ticker “VREX.” Varian continues to trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker “VAR.” See Note 2, "Discontinued Operations" for additional information. Basis of Presentation The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 29, 2017 (the “ 2017 Annual Report”). In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements herein include adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of March 30, 2018 and September 29, 2017 , results of operations and statements of comprehensive earnings (loss) for the three and six months ended March 30, 2018 and March 31, 2017 , and cash flows for the six months ended March 30, 2018 and March 31, 2017 . The results of operations for the six months ended March 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for the full fiscal year or any future period. At the beginning of the Company's fiscal year 2018, the Company early adopted the new revenue recognition Accounting Standard Codification 606 "Revenues from Contracts with Customers" ("ASC 606") by using the full retrospective method. All financial statements and disclosures have been recast to comply with ASC 606. See "Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements" below for further information. The historical financial position and results of operations of the Imaging Components business and costs relating to the Distribution are reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations for all the periods presented. Information in the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements have been recast to reflect the effect of the Distribution. The Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Earnings (Loss) and Cash Flows have not been recast to reflect the effect of the Distribution. Fiscal Year The fiscal years of the Company as reported are the 52- or 53-week periods ending on the Friday nearest September 30. Fiscal year 2018 is the 52-week period ending September 28, 2018 . Fiscal year 2017 was the 52-week period that ended on September 29, 2017 . The fiscal quarters ended March 30, 2018 and March 31, 2017 were both 13-week periods. Principles of Consolidation The condensed consolidated financial statements include those of VMS and its wholly-owned and majority-owned or controlled subsidiaries. Intercompany balances, transactions and stock holdings have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Significant Accounting Policies The Company's significant accounting policies are detailed in "Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" within Item 8 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 29, 2017. Significant changes to these accounting policies as a result of adoption of ASC 606 are discussed below: Revenue Recognition The Company's revenues are derived primarily from the sale of radiotherapy and proton therapy hardware and software products, support, training and maintenance of all those products, installation services and the sale of parts. The Company accounts for a contract with a customer when there is approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. The Company's revenues are measured based on consideration specified in the contract with each customer, net of any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties such as sales taxes. The Company recognizes revenues as the performance obligations are satisfied by transferring control of the product or service to a customer. The majority of the Company's revenue arrangements consist of multiple performance obligations including hardware, software, and services. Determining the stand-alone selling price ("SSP") and allocation of consideration from an arrangement to the individual performance obligations, and the appropriate timing of revenue recognition are significant judgments with respect to these arrangements. The Company's products are generally not sold with a right of return, and the Company does not provide credits or incentives, which may be required to be accounted for as variable consideration when estimating the amount of revenue to be recognized. The Company recognizes an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if the Company expects the benefit of those costs to be longer than one year. The Company applies a practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs mainly include the Company's internal sales force compensation program; under the terms of these programs these are generally earned and the costs are recognized at the time the revenue is recognized. The majority of the Company’s products and services are sold in bundled arrangements (e.g., hardware, software, and services). For bundled arrangements, the Company accounts for individual products and services separately if they are distinct, that is, if a product or service is separately identifiable from other items in the bundled package and if a customer can benefit from it on its own or with other resources that are readily available to the customer. The consideration (including any discounts) is allocated between separate products and services in a bundle based on their individual SSP. The SSP is determined based on observable prices at which the Company separately sells the products and services. If an SSP is not directly observable, then the Company will estimate the SSP considering marketing conditions, entity-specific factors, and information about the customer or class of customer that is reasonably available. The following is a description of the principal activities, separated by reportable segment, from which the Company generates its revenues. Oncology Systems The Company's Oncology Systems linear accelerators are generally sold in a bundled arrangement with hardware and software accessory products that enhance efficiency and enable delivery of advanced radiotherapy and radiosurgery treatments, however, certain products are occasionally sold on a stand-alone basis. The majority of machine and software sales include installation services and training. Delivery of different elements in a revenue arrangement often span more than one reporting period. For example, a linear accelerator and software may be delivered in one reporting period, but the related installation of those products may be completed in a later period. Hardware and software extended maintenance and service contracts are occasionally sold during the initial product sale, but the majority are sold separately near or at the end of the initial warranty period. Revenues related to extended warranty and service contracts are earned after the expiration of the initial warranty period. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although terms are generally commensurate with a significant milestone, such as contract signing, shipment, delivery, acceptance or service commencement. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company has determined its contracts generally do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of the Company's invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing the Company's products and services, not to receive financing from the Company's customers, such as invoicing at the beginning of a contract term with revenue recognized ratably over the contract period for a service contract. Payment terms can also vary based on the type of customer, such as government purchases. There are occasions where the Company provides extended payment terms in which case a portion of the transaction price is allocated to imputed interest income. From time to time, the Company's contracts are modified to account for additional, or change existing, performance obligations. The Company's contract modifications are generally accounted for prospectively. Hardware Products and Installation Hardware products may include software that the hardware is dependent on and highly interrelated with and cannot operate without. The Company typically has a standard base configuration for its hardware products, but there are typically multiple options and configuration choices. Revenues from the sale of hardware are recognized when the Company transfers control to the customer. Product installation includes uncrating, moving the machine to the treatment room, connection and validating configuration. In addition, a number of testing protocols are completed to confirm the equipment is performing to the contracted specifications. The Company recognizes revenues for hardware installation over time as the customer receives and consumes benefits provided as the Company performs the installation services. Software Products and Installation Software products include information management, treatment planning, image processing, clinical knowledge exchange, patient care management, decision-making support, and practice management software. Software installation includes transferring software to the customer’s computers, configuration of the software and potentially data migration. The Company recognizes revenues for software and software installation upon the customer's acceptance of the software and installation services. Service Service revenues include revenues from initial and extended software support agreements, extended hardware warranty agreements, training, paid service arrangements when a customer does not have an extended warranty and parts that are sold by the service department. Revenues from hardware and software support agreements are accounted for ratably over the term of the agreement. Services and training revenues are recognized in the period the services and training are performed. Revenues for sales of parts are recognized when the parts are delivered to the customer and control is transferred. Warranties The Company's sale of hardware includes a one -year warranty. The Company uses the cost accrual method to account for assurance-type warranties. The standard warranty provision further includes services in addition to an assurance-type warranty (preventative maintenance inspections, help desk support, when and if available operating system upgrades). These service-type warranty features are recorded as a separate performance obligation and recognized ratably over the one-year warranty period. Varian Particle Therapy ("VPT") The manufacturing of the major components of a proton therapy system, installation, and commissioning typically lasts 18 to 24 months. The Company's proton therapy system is highly customized. A proton therapy system typically includes hardware, software that the hardware is dependent upon and highly interrelated with, and without which the hardware cannot operate, and installation. The Company also sells software products that include information management, treatment planning, image processing, clinical knowledge exchange, patient care management, decision-making support, and practice management software, and software installation. The Company provides operations and maintenance services related to the proton therapy system under a separate arrangement. These contracts are typically executed at or about the same time as the proton therapy system contracts; however, the pricing and performance of the proton therapy system contracts are not typically related to the pricing or performance of the operations and maintenance contracts. Therefore, the Company recognizes operations and maintenance services as a separate performance obligation. Under the typical payment terms of the Company's fixed-price contracts, the customer pays the Company an up-front advance payment and then performance-based payments based on quantifiable measures of performance or on the achievement of specified events or milestones. As the revenue is recognized over time relative to the costs incurred and the customer billing milestones are typically event driven, this may result in revenue recognized in excess of billings at some point during the contract which the Company presents as unbilled receivables on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts billed and due from the Company's customers are classified as trade accounts receivable on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. In most contracts, the Company is entitled to receive an advance payment at the beginning of the contract. The Company recognizes a liability for these advance payments in excess of revenue recognized and presents it as deferred revenues on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The advance payment typically is not considered a significant financing component because it is used to ensure the customer's commitment to the project. The Company recognizes revenue for its proton therapy systems over time because the customer controls the work in process, the Company's performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Company, and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on many of the Company's performance obligations, the estimation of total revenues and costs at completion is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. The Company's contracts generally do not include award fees, incentive fees or other provisions that may be considered variable consideration. The Company has a standard quarterly progress review process in which management reviews the progress and execution of the Company's performance obligations. As part of this process, management reviews information including, but not limited to, any outstanding key contract matters, progress towards completion and the related program schedule, identified risks and the related changes in estimates of revenues and costs. The risks and opportunities include management's judgment about the ability and costs to achieve the schedule (e.g., the number and type of milestone events), technical and other contract requirements. Management must make assumptions and estimates regarding the complexity of the work to be performed, the availability of materials and outside services, the length of time to complete the performance obligation and labor and overhead cost rates, among other significant judgments. Based on this analysis, any quarterly adjustments to revenues, cost of revenues, and the related impact to operating earnings are recognized as necessary in the period they become known on a cumulative catch-up basis. When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a performance obligation exceed total estimates of revenues to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the performance obligation is recognized in the period the loss is determined. Similar to the Oncology Systems segment, the Company recognizes VPT revenues for software and installation upon completion and acceptance of the software and installation services. Unfulfilled Performance Obligations for Oncology Systems and VPT The following table represents the Company's unfulfilled performance obligations as of March 30, 2018 and the estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to these unfulfilled performance obligations: Fiscal years of revenue recognition (In millions) 2018 2019 2020 Thereafter Unfulfilled Performance Obligations $ 1,060.8 $ 2,089.5 $ 729.4 $ 1,276.3 The table above includes both product and service unfulfilled performance obligations, which includes a component of service performance obligations which have not been invoiced. The time bands reflect management’s best estimate of when the Company will transfer control to the customer and may change based on timing of shipment, readiness of customers’ facilities for installation, installation requirements, and availability of products or customer acceptance terms. As part of the Company's adoption of ASC 606, the Company elected to use the following practical expedients (i) to exclude disclosures of transaction prices allocated to remaining performance obligations when the Company expects to recognize such revenue for all periods prior to the date of initial application of ASC 606 (ii) not to adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component when the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between the Company's transfer of a promised product or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that product or service will be one year or less (iii) to expense costs as incurred for costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period would have been one year or less, which mainly includes the Company's internal sales force compensation program and certain partner sales incentive programs (iv) not to recast revenue for contracts that begin and end in the same fiscal period, and (v) not to assess whether promised goods or services are performance obligations if they are immaterial in the context of the contract with the customer. Contract Balances The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in trade and unbilled receivables, and deferred revenues on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. In Oncology Systems, the Company often collects an advance payment and the balance is typically billed on a combination of delivery and/or acceptance. In VPT, the Company usually collects an advance payment and additional amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms upon achievement of contractual milestones. Service contracts are usually billed at the beginning of the contract period or at periodic intervals (e.g. monthly or quarterly) during the contract which could result in a contract asset and contract liability. At times, billing occurs subsequent to revenue recognition, resulting in an unbilled receivable which represents a contract asset. However, when the Company receives advances or deposits from customers, which can be higher in the initial stages of the contract, particularly international contracts in the case of Oncology Systems, before revenue is recognized, this results in deferred revenues which represents a contract liability. These contract assets and liabilities are reported as unbilled receivables and deferred revenues, respectively, on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASC 606. Under the standard, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Effective September 30, 2017, the Company elected to early adopt the requirements of ASC 606 using the full retrospective method, which required the Company to recast the prior reporting periods presented. The most significant impacts on adoption were in the Oncology Systems segment and are primarily due to the removal of the contingent revenue cap which limited revenue recognition to the amount of cash received from the customer, the elimination of the mandatory revenue deferral for software sold with extended payment terms and the removal of the vendor-specific objective evidence requirement for the separation of bundled software products. The Company also identified additional performance obligations for training and certain elements of warranty that are recognized as separate performance obligations, and identified that certain new performance obligations were previously accounted for as part of hardware products and will result in a change in classification of revenues from product to service. In preparation for adoption of the standard, the Company implemented internal controls and key system functionalities to enable the preparation of financial information. The Company has recast its condensed consolidated financial statements from amounts previously reported due to the adoption of ASC 606. Select Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Loss) line items, which reflect the adoption of ASC 606 are as follows: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 March 31, 2017 (In millions, except per share amounts) As Previously Reported Adjustments As Adjusted As Previously Reported Adjustments As Adjusted Revenues: Product $ 386.1 $ (21.2 ) $ 364.9 $ 729.7 $ (55.6 ) $ 674.1 Service 268.9 29.4 298.3 537.1 53.5 590.6 Total revenues 655.0 8.2 663.2 1,266.8 (2.1 ) 1,264.7 Cost of revenues: Product 254.2 (7.3 ) 246.9 478.6 (25.5 ) 453.1 Service 125.5 15.2 140.7 237.2 31.8 269.0 Total cost of revenues 379.7 7.9 387.6 715.8 6.3 722.1 Gross margin 275.3 0.3 275.6 551.0 (8.4 ) 542.6 Earnings from continuing operations before taxes 90.1 0.3 90.4 118.1 (8.4 ) 109.7 Taxes on earnings 20.8 0.1 20.9 34.3 (2.1 ) 32.2 Net earnings from continuing operations 69.3 0.2 69.5 83.8 (6.3 ) 77.5 Net loss from discontinued operations (13.3 ) — (13.3 ) (6.8 ) — (6.8 ) Net earnings $ 56.0 $ 0.2 $ 56.2 $ 77.0 $ (6.3 ) $ 70.7 Net earnings attributable to Varian $ 56.1 $ 0.2 $ 56.3 $ 76.5 $ (6.3 ) $ 70.2 Diluted net earnings per share from continuing operations attributable to Varian $ 0.74 $ — $ 0.74 $ 0.89 (0.07 ) $ 0.82 Select Condensed Consolidated Statements of Balance Sheet line items, which reflect the adoption of ASC 606 are as follows: September 29, 2017 (In millions) As Previously Reported Adjustments As Adjusted Assets: Trade and unbilled receivables, net $ 823.5 $ 138.0 $ 961.5 Inventories 439.7 (22.0 ) 417.7 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 199.8 (9.5 ) 190.3 Deferred tax assets 138.8 8.5 147.3 Liabilities and Equity: Accrued liabilities 394.7 (19.8 ) 374.9 Deferred revenues 640.6 114.8 755.4 Other long-term liabilities 130.0 (2.6 ) 127.4 Retained earnings 756.0 22.6 778.6 In addition, the cumulative effect of ASC 606 to the Company's retained earnings at October 2, 2015 was $56.7 million . Adoption of ASC 606 had no impact to net cash from or used in operating, investing or financing activities in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, the Company elected to early adopt the FASB guidance which targeted improvements to the accounting for hedging activities. The guidance allows companies to more accurately present the economic effects of risk management activities in the financial statements. This amendment is required to be applied prospectively. The primary impact of the adoption is the required disclosure changes. The adoption of the new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted the FASB guidance related to employee share-based payments. The amendment simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payments including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The Company elected to use the prospective transition method for the presentation of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows. Under the new standard, excess tax benefits are now included in taxes on earnings in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings (Loss). The Company elected to recognize forfeitures as they occur, and the impact of this change in accounting policy was recorded as a $0.4 million reduction, net, to its beginning retained earnings balance as of September 30, 2017. See Note 12, "Income Taxes" for more information on the impact of this accounting guidance. The remaining provisions of this amendment did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted the FASB accounting guidance related to inventory measurement. The amendment requires inventory measured using first-in, first-out (FIFO) or average cost to be subsequently measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value, thereby simplifying the current guidance that requires an entity to measure inventory at the lower of cost or market. This amendment is required to be applied prospectively. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, the Company elected to early adopt the FASB guidance on the definition of a business in accounting for transactions when determining whether they represent acquisitions or disposals of assets or of a business. The Company adopted this amendment prospectively. The adoption of this new guidance did not have an impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, the Company elected to early adopt the FASB guidance simplifying the measurement of goodwill by eliminating the Step 2 impairment test. The new guidance requires companies to perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. The Company adopted this amendment prospectively. The adoption of this new guidance did not have an impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Recent Accounting Standards or Updates Not Yet Effective In February 2018, the FASB amended its guidance that will allow companies to reclassify disproportionate tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income caused by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act to retained earnings. The amendment will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of fiscal year 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting this amendment to its condensed consolidated financial statements. In May 2017, the FASB provided guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. The guidance is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements. In March 2017, the FASB amended its guidance on the accounting related to defined benefit plans and other post-retirement benefits. This amendment requires the service cost component of net periodic pension and post-retirement benefit cost be presented in the same line item as other employee compensation costs, while the other components be presented separately as non-operating income (expense). The amendment will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of fiscal year 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting this amendment to its condensed consolidated financial statements. In November 2016, the FASB amended its guidance on the classification and presentation of restricted cash in the statement of cash flow. The amendment requires entities to include restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in its cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. The amendment will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of fiscal year 2019 with early adoption permitted. The amendment is required to be adopted retrospectively. The amendment is not expected to have a material impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. In October 2016, the FASB amended its guidance for tax accounting for intra-entity asset transfers. The amendment removes the prohibition against the immediate recognition of the current and deferred income tax effects of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. The amendment will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of fiscal year 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The amendment is required to be adopted on a modified retrospective basis. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting this amendment to its condensed consolidated financial statements. In August 2016, the FASB issued an amendment to its accounting guidance related to the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments. The amendment was issued to reduce the diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. The amendment will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of fiscal year 2019 with early adoption permitted. The amendment is required to be adopted retrospectively unless it is impracticable. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting this amendment to its condensed consolidated financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued an amendment to its accounting guidance related to impairment of financial instruments. The amendment adds a new impairment model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. The amendment will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of fiscal year 2021 with early adoption permitted beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting this amendment to its condensed consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued a new standard on accounting for leases. The new standard is intended to provide enhanced transparency and comparability by requiring lessees to record right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities on the balance sheet. The new standard will continue to classify leases as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the statement of earnings. The new standard is required to be adopted using a modified retrospective method to each prior reporting period presented with various optional practical expedients. The new standard will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of fiscal year 2020 with early adoption permitted. The Company |