Capital Stock and Stock-Based Compensation Plans | Capital Stock and Stock-Based Compensation Plans Preference Stock The Company has the authority to issue 50,262,150 shares of preference stock. Stock Repurchases On March 10, 2022, the Board authorized the repurchase of shares of the Company’s common stock having an aggregate purchase price of up to $5 billion under a new share repurchase program, which replaced a previously authorized share repurchase program. The Board also has authorized share repurchases on an ongoing basis to fulfill certain requirements of the Company’s compensation and benefit programs. The shares are repurchased from time to time in open market or privately negotiated transactions at the Company’s discretion, subject to market conditions, customary blackout periods and other factors. The Company repurchased its common stock at a cost of $1,739 during 2024. The Company may use either authorized and unissued shares or treasury shares to meet share requirements resulting from the exercise of stock options and the vesting of restricted stock unit awards. A summary of common stock and treasury stock activity for the three years ended December 31 is as follows: Common Stock Outstanding Treasury Stock Balance, January 1, 2022 840,480,284 625,226,076 Common stock acquired (17,060,788) 17,060,788 Shares issued for stock options 5,654,692 (5,654,692) Shares issued for restricted stock units and other 1,138,418 (1,138,418) Balance, December 31, 2022 830,212,606 635,493,754 Common stock acquired (14,735,909) 14,735,909 Shares issued for stock options 5,318,430 (5,318,430) Shares issued for restricted stock units and other 617,642 (617,642) Balance, December 31, 2023 821,412,769 644,293,591 Common stock acquired (18,321,422) 18,321,422 Shares issued for stock options 8,606,699 (8,606,699) Shares issued for restricted stock units and other 876,652 (876,652) Balance, December 31, 2024 812,574,698 653,131,662 Stock-Based Compensation The Company recognizes the cost of employee services received in exchange for awards of equity instruments, such as stock options and restricted stock units, based on the fair value of those awards at the date of grant. The fair value of restricted stock units, generally based on market price, is amortized ratably over the requisite service period. The estimated fair value of stock options on the date of grant, based on the Black-Scholes value described below, is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. Awards to employees eligible for retirement prior to the award becoming fully vested are recognized as compensation cost from the grant date through the date that the employee first becomes eligible to retire and is no longer required to provide service to earn the award. The Company has one incentive compensation plan pursuant to which it issues restricted stock units (both performance-based and time-vested) and stock options to employees and shares of common stock and stock options to non-employee directors. The Personnel and Organization Committee of the Board, which is comprised entirely of independent directors, administers the incentive compensation plan. The total stock-based compensation expense charged against pretax income for this plan was $135, $122 and $125 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized on stock-based compensation, excluding excess tax benefits, was approximately $26, $22 and $25 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded within Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Corporate segment as these amounts are not included in internal measures of segment operating performance. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of stock option awards. The weighted-average fair value assumptions are summarized in the following table: 2024 2023 2022 Expected term of options 6 years 6 years 6 years Expected volatility rate 20.5 % 19.8 % 21.1 % Risk-free interest rate 3.8 % 4.3 % 3.0 % Expected dividend yield 2.1 % 2.5 % 2.4 % Weighted-average estimated fair value $ 22.65 $ 14.89 $ 14.71 The weighted-average expected term of options granted each year was determined with reference to historical exercise and post-vesting cancellation experience, the vesting period of the awards and the contractual term of the awards, among other factors. Expected volatility incorporates implied share-price volatility derived from exchange traded options on the Company’s common stock. The risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the option is based on the yield of a zero-coupon U.S. Treasury bond with a maturity period equal to the option’s expected term. Stock Options The Company issues non-qualified stock options to non-employee directors, officers and other key employees. Stock options have a contractual term of eight years and generally vest ratably over three years. As of December 31, 2024, approximately 19,248,078 shares of common stock were available for future stock option grants. A summary of stock option activity during 2024 is presented below: Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life Intrinsic Value of Unexercised Options outstanding, January 1, 2024 20,742 $ 75 Granted 955 106 Exercised (8,662) 74 Forfeited (240) 76 Expired (21) 73 Options outstanding, December 31, 2024 12,774 78 5 $ 176 Options exercisable, December 31, 2024 9,265 $ 76 4 $ 136 As of December 31, 2024, there was $12 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years . The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $150 , $28 and $47, respectively. The benefits of tax deductions in excess of grant date fair value resulting from the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock unit awards for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $18, $4 and $2, respectively, and are recognized in the provision for income taxes as a discrete item in the quarterly period in which they occur and classified as an operating cash flow. Cash proceeds received from options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $638, $380 and $418, respectively. Performance-based Restricted Stock Units Under the Company’s long-term incentive compensation program, the Company grants officers and other key employees a target number of unearned performance-based restricted stock units at the beginning of each three-year performance cycle. Awards are earned and vest following the conclusion of the performance period on the basis of achievement of performance goals established at the commencement of each three-year performance period. A summary of performance-based restricted stock unit activity for the year ended December 31, 2024 is presented below: Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Award Performance-based restricted stock units as of January 1, 2024 1,069 $ 68 Activity: Granted 321 91 Vested (283) 70 Forfeited (89) 72 Change due to performance and/or market condition achievement 19 57 Performance-based restricted stock units as of December 31, 2024 1,037 $ 74 As of December 31, 2024, there was $32 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested performance-based restricted stock unit awards, which will be recognized ratably over the remaining performance period. The Company uses a Monte-Carlo simulation model to estimate the fair value of performance-based restricted stock units at the date of grant. Time-Vested Restricted Stock Units The Company also grants time-vested restricted stock unit awards. Awards either vest at the end of the restriction period, which is generally three years from the date of grant, or ratably over the restriction period. As of December 31, 2024, approximately 7,324,623 shares of common stock were available for future restricted stock unit awards. A summary of restricted stock unit activity during 2024 is presented below: Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Award Restricted stock units as of January 1, 2024 2,174 $ 76 Activity: Granted 854 105 Vested (951) 76 Forfeited (90) 77 Restricted stock units as of December 31, 2024 1,987 $ 88 As of December 31, 2024, there was $68 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested time-vested restricted stock unit awards, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.6 years. The total fair value of time-vested restricted stock units vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $72, $45 and $40, respectively. |