CONSOLIDATED DEBT | NOTE 11. CONSOLIDATED DEBT Consolidated debt is as follows (in millions): As of December 31, 2015 2014 LONG-TERM DEBT: Revolving Credit Facility $ 348 $ 145 Term loan 200 198 Debt discount related to Term loan — (1 ) Term loan, net 200 197 Credit Facilities Sub-total $ 548 $ 342 7.25% Senior Notes due 2020 $ 400 $ 400 6.375% Senior Notes due 2022 400 400 5.875% Senior Notes due 2024 400 400 Notes Sub-total $ 1,200 $ 1,200 4.00% - 5.25% Tax-Exempt Bonds due from 2024 to 2045 $ 464 $ 335 Variable Rate Tax-Exempt Bonds due 2043 — 34 Tax-Exempt Bonds Sub-total $ 464 $ 369 3.48% - 4.52% Equipment Financing Capital Lease Arrangements due 2024 through 2027 $ 73 $ 62 Total long-term debt $ 2,285 $ 1,973 Less: current portion (8 ) (5 ) Noncurrent long-term debt $ 2,277 $ 1,968 PROJECT DEBT: North America segment project debt 1.75% - 6.45% Americas Project Debt related to Service Fee structures due 2016 through 2035 $ 117 $ 135 5.248% - 6.20% Americas Project Debt related to Tip Fee structures due 2019 through 2020 23 29 Unamortized debt premium, net 5 1 Total North America segment project debt 145 165 Other project debt: Dublin Junior Term Loan due 2022 57 61 Debt discount related to Dublin Junior Term Loan (1 ) (1 ) Dublin Junior Term Loan, net 56 60 Total project debt 201 225 Less: Current project debt (includes $1 and $(2) of unamortized premium (discount), respectively) (16 ) (35 ) Noncurrent project debt $ 185 $ 190 TOTAL CONSOLIDATED DEBT $ 2,486 $ 2,198 Less: Current debt (24 ) (40 ) TOTAL NONCURRENT CONSOLIDATED DEBT $ 2,462 $ 2,158 LONG-TERM DEBT Credit Facilities Our subsidiary, Covanta Energy, has $1.2 billion in senior secured credit facilities consisting of a $1.0 billion revolving credit facility expiring 2019 through 2020 (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) and a $200 million term loan due 2020 (the “Term Loan”) (collectively referred to as the "Credit Facilities"). Effective April 2015, we amended and restated Covanta Energy’s Credit Facilities. The amendment and restatement: • bifurcated the revolving credit facility into a $950 million commitment due 2020 ("Tranche A") and a $50 million commitment due 2019 (“Tranche B); • reduced the Tranche A applicable margin by 25 basis points, and reduced certain commitment fees payable on unused amounts; • refinanced the previous $198 million Term Loan due 2019 with a new $200 million term loan due April 2020 with a lower applicable margin, no LIBOR floor and scheduled amortization payments of $1.25 million per quarter beginning June 2016; and • reduced the letter of credit sublimit from $1 billion to $600 million and removed the excess cash flow sweep. The terms of Tranche B commitment are consistent with the previously-existing terms of the Revolving Credit Facility. We incurred approximately $3 million in new financing costs related to this amendment which will be deferred and amortized over the remaining term of the Credit Facilities. The Revolving Credit Facility is available for the issuance of letters of credit of up to $600 million , provides for a $50 million sub-limit for the issuance of swing line loans (a loan that can be requested in US Dollars on a same day basis for a short drawing period); and is available in US Dollars, Euros, Pounds Sterling, Canadian Dollars and certain other currencies to be agreed upon, in each case for either borrowings or for the issuance of letters of credit. The proceeds under the Revolving Credit Facility are available for working capital and general corporate purposes of Covanta Energy and its subsidiaries. We have the option to establish additional term loan commitments and/or increase the size of the Revolving Credit Facility (collectively, the “Incremental Facilities”), subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions and obtaining sufficient lender commitments, in an amount up to the greater of $500 million and the amount that, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Incremental Facilities, would not result in a leverage ratio, as defined in the credit agreement governing our Credit Facilities (the “Credit Agreement”), exceeding 2.75 :1.00. Availability under Revolving Credit Facility As of December 31, 2015 , we had availability under the Revolving Credit Facility as follows (in millions): Total Facility Commitment Expiring (1) Direct Borrowings as of Outstanding Letters of Credit as of Available Capacity as of Revolving Credit Facility $ 1,000 2020 $ 348 $ 184 $ 468 (1) The Tranche B commitment expires in March 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2015 , we made aggregate cumulative direct borrowings of $895 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, of which we subsequently repaid $692 million prior to the end of the period. Repayment Terms As of December 31, 2015 , the Term Loan has mandatory amortization payments of $4 million in 2016, $5 million each year from 2017 through 2019 and $181 million in 2020. The Credit Facilities are pre-payable at our option at any time. Interest and Fees Borrowings under the Credit Facilities bear interest, at our option, at either a base rate or a Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin determined by a pricing grid based on Covanta Energy’s leverage ratio. Base rate is defined as the higher of (i) the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.50% , (ii) the rate the administrative agent announces from time to time as its per annum “prime rate” or (iii) the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), or a comparable or successor rate, plus 1.00% . Base rate borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at the base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.75% . Eurodollar borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at LIBOR plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.75% . Fees for issuances of letters of credit include fronting fees equal to 0.15% per annum and a participation fee for the lenders equal to the applicable interest margin for LIBOR rate borrowings. We will incur an unused commitment fee ranging from 0.30% to 0.50% on the unused amount of commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility. Base rate borrowings under the Term Loan bear interest at the base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.00% . Eurodollar borrowings under the Term Loan bear interest at LIBOR plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.00% . Guarantees and Securitization The Credit Facilities are guaranteed by us and by certain of our subsidiaries. The subsidiaries that are party to the Credit Facilities agreed to secure all of the obligations under the Credit Facilities by granting, for the benefit of secured parties, a first priority lien on substantially all of their assets, to the extent permitted by existing contractual obligations. The Credit Facilities are also secured by a pledge of substantially all of the capital stock of each of our domestic subsidiaries and 65% of substantially all the capital stock of each of our directly-owned foreign subsidiaries, in each case to the extent not otherwise pledged. Credit Agreement Covenants The loan documentation governing the Credit Facilities contains various affirmative and negative covenants, as well as financial maintenance covenants, that limit our ability to engage in certain types of transactions. We were in compliance with all of the affirmative and negative covenants under the Credit Facilities as of December 31, 2015 . The negative covenants of the Credit Facilities limit our and our restricted subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things: • incur additional indebtedness (including guarantee obligations); • create certain liens against or security interests over certain property; • pay dividends on, redeem, or repurchase our capital stock or make other restricted junior payments; • enter into agreements that restrict the ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions or other payments to us; • make investments; • consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets and the assets of our subsidiaries on a consolidated basis; • dispose of certain assets; and • make certain acquisitions. The financial maintenance covenants of the Credit Facilities, which are measured on a trailing four quarter period basis, include the following: • a maximum Leverage Ratio of 4.00 to 1.00 for the trailing four quarter period, which measures the principal amount of Covanta Energy’s consolidated debt less certain restricted funds dedicated to repayment of project debt principal and construction costs (“Consolidated Adjusted Debt”) to its adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, as calculated in the Credit Agreement (“Adjusted EBITDA”). The definition of Adjusted EBITDA in the Credit Facilities excludes certain non-recurring and non-cash charges. • a minimum Interest Coverage Ratio of 3.00 to 1.00, which measures Covanta Energy’s Adjusted EBITDA to its consolidated interest expense plus certain interest expense of ours, to the extent paid by Covanta Energy as calculated in the Credit Agreement. Senior Notes and Debentures 7.25% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “7.25% Notes”) In 2010, we sold $400 million aggregate principal amount of 7.25% Senior Notes due 2020. Interest on the 7.25% Notes is payable semi-annually on June 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing on June 1, 2011 and the 7.25% Notes will mature on December 1, 2020 unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. At our option, the 7.25% Notes are subject to redemption at any time, in whole or in part, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. The 7.25% Notes are senior unsecured obligations, ranking equally in right of payment with any of the future senior unsecured indebtedness of Covanta Holding Corporation. The 7.25% Notes are effectively junior to our existing and future secured indebtedness, including any guarantee of indebtedness under the Credit Facilities. The 7.25% Notes are not guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries and are effectively subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. The indenture for the 7.25% Notes may limit our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to: • incur additional indebtedness; • pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase or redeem their capital stock; • prepay, redeem or repurchase certain debt; • make loans and investments; • sell restricted assets; • incur liens; • enter into transactions with affiliates; • alter the businesses they conduct; • enter into agreements restricting our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends; and • consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of their assets. If and for so long as the 7.25% Notes have an investment grade rating and no default under the indenture has occurred, certain of the covenants will be suspended. If we sell certain of our assets or experience specific kinds of changes in control, we must offer to purchase the 7.25% Notes. The occurrence of specific kinds of changes in control will be a triggering event requiring us to offer to purchase from the holders all or a portion of the 7.25% Notes at a price equal to 101% of their principal amount, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase. In addition, certain asset dispositions will be triggering events that may require us to use the proceeds from those asset dispositions to make an offer to purchase the 7.25% Notes at 100% of their principal amount, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase if such proceeds are not otherwise used within 365 days to repay indebtedness or to invest or commit to invest such proceeds in additional assets related to our business or capital stock of a restricted subsidiary. 6.375% Senior Notes due 2022 (the “6.375% Notes”) In March 2012, we sold $400 million aggregate principal amount of 6.375% Senior Notes due 2022. Interest on the 6.375% Notes is payable semi-annually on April 1 and October 1 of each year, commencing on October 1, 2012, and the 6.375% Notes will mature on October 1, 2022 unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. Net proceeds from the sale of the 6.375% Notes were $392 million , consisting of gross proceeds of $400 million net of $8 million in offering expenses. We used a portion of the net proceeds of the 6.375% Notes offering to repay a portion of the amounts outstanding under Covanta Energy’s previously existing term loan. At our option, the 6.375% Notes are subject to redemption at any time on or after April 1, 2017, in whole or in part, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. In addition, at any time prior to April 1, 2017, we may redeem some or all of the 6.375% Notes at a price equal to 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, plus a “make-whole premium”. Other terms and conditions of the 6.375% Notes, including guarantees and security, covenants, and repurchase requirements in the case of certain asset sales or a change of control, are substantially similar to those described above under 7.25% Notes 5.875% Senior Notes due 2024 (the "5.875% Notes") In March 2014, we sold $400 million aggregate principal amount of 5.875% Senior Notes due March 2024 . Interest on the 5.875% Notes is payable semi-annually on March 1 and September 1 of each year, commencing on September 1, 2014 , and the 5.875% Notes will mature on March 1, 2024 unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. Net proceeds from the sale of the 5.875% Notes were approximately $393 million , consisting of gross proceeds of $400 million net of approximately $7 million in offering expenses. We used the net proceeds of the 5.875% Notes offering in part for the repayment of the 3.25% Cash Convertible Notes at maturity on June 1, 2014 . The 5.875% Notes are subject to redemption at our option, at any time on or after March 1, 2019, in whole or in part, at the redemption prices set forth in the prospectus supplement, plus accrued and unpaid interest. At any time prior to March 1, 2017, we may redeem up to 35% of the original principal amount of the 5.875% Notes with the proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price of 105.875% of the principal amount of the 5.875% Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest. At any time prior to March 1, 2019, we may also redeem the 5.875% Notes, in whole but not in part, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 5.875% Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest and a “make-whole premium.” Other terms and conditions of the 5.875% Notes, including guarantees and security, covenants, and repurchase requirements in the case of certain asset sales or a change of control, are substantially similar to those described above under 7.25% Notes. 3.25% Cash Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 (the “3.25% Notes”) In 2009, we issued $460 million aggregate principal amount of the 3.25% Notes due in 2014 in a private transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We used the net proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures, permitted investments or permitted acquisitions. On June 1, 2014 , we repaid the $460 million 3.25% Notes utilizing net proceeds from the March 2014 5.875% Notes issuance. During the period from March 1, 2014 to May 30, 2014, and under certain additional limited circumstances, the 3.25% Notes were cash convertible by holders thereof (the "Cash Conversion Option"). The conversion rate was 64.6669 shares of our common stock (which represented a conversion price of approximately $15.46 per share) for the period from March 17, 2014 through March 21, 2014, and 65.3501 shares of our common stock (which represented a conversion price of approximately $15.30 per share), as adjusted for the dividend paid on April 2, 2014, for the period from March 24, 2014 to May 30, 2014. We did not deliver common stock (or any other securities) upon conversion. Upon maturity, we were required to pay $83 million to satisfy the obligation under the Cash Conversion Option in addition to the principal amount of the 3.25% Notes. In connection with the issuance of 3.25% Notes offering, we entered into privately negotiated cash convertible note hedge transactions (the “Note Hedge”) with affiliates of certain of the initial purchasers of the 3.25% Notes which we cash-settled for $83 million upon maturity of the 3.25% Notes and effectively offset our liability under the Cash Conversion Option. In connection with the issuance of the 3.25% Notes, we also sold warrants, correlating to the number of shares underlying the 3.25% Notes. The warrants were exercisable only at expiration in equal tranches over a 60 day period which began on September 2, 2014 and ended on November 26, 2014. During the year ended December 31, 2014, 1,430,870 shares of our common stock were issued in connection with warrant exercises. In November 2012, we issued tax-exempt corporate bonds totaling $335 million . Proceeds from the offerings were utilized to refinance tax-exempt project debt at our Haverhill, Niagara and SEMASS facilities, as well as to fund certain capital expenditures in Massachusetts. Approximately $7 million of financing costs were incurred, of which $3 million was expensed and $4 million will be recognized over the term of the debt. In August 2015, we issued two new series of fixed rate tax-exempt corporate bonds totaling $130 million Proceeds from the offerings were utilized to refinance tax-exempt project debt at our Delaware Valley facility and to fund certain capital improvements at our Essex County facility. Financing costs were not material. Details of the issues and the use of proceeds are as follows (dollars in millions): Series Amount Maturity Coupon Use of Proceeds Massachusetts Series 2012A $ 20 2027 4.875% New proceeds for qualifying capital expenditures in Massachusetts Massachusetts Series 2012B 67 2042 4.875% Redeem SEMASS project debt Massachusetts Series 2012C 82 2042 5.25% Redeem Haverhill project debt Niagara Series 2012A 130 2042 5.25% Redeem Niagara project debt Niagara Series 2012B 35 2024 4.00% Redeem Niagara project debt New Jersey Series 2015A 90 2045 5.25% Finance qualifying expenditures at Essex County facility Pennsylvania Series 2015A 40 2043 5.00% Refinance outstanding tax-exempt debt $ 464 We entered into a loan agreement with the Massachusetts Development Finance Agency under which they issued the Resource Recovery Revenue Bonds (the “Massachusetts Series” bonds in the table above) and loaned the proceeds of the Massachusetts Series bonds to us for the purposes of (i) financing qualifying capital expenditures at certain solid waste disposal facilities in Massachusetts and (ii) redeeming the outstanding principal balance of the SEMASS and Haverhill project debt. We entered into a loan agreement with the Niagara Area Development Corporation under which they issued the Solid Waste Disposal Facility Refunding Revenue Bonds (the “Niagara Series” bonds in the table above) and loaned the proceeds of the Niagara Series bonds to us for the purpose of redeeming the outstanding principal balance of the Niagara project debt. The Massachusetts Series bonds and the Niagara Series bonds are obligations of Covanta Holding Corporation, are guaranteed by Covanta Energy; and are not secured by project assets. Principal and interest on the Massachusetts Series bonds and the Niagara Series bonds are payable from the repayments we make to the Massachusetts Development Finance Agency and Niagara Area Development Corporation, respectively, pursuant to the respective loan agreements. The Massachusetts Series bonds and the Niagara Series bonds bear interest at the interest rates per annum set forth in the table above, payable semi-annually on May 1 and November 1 of each year, commencing on May 1, 2013. We entered into a loan agreement with the Essex County Improvement Authority under which they issued the Solid Waste Disposal Revenue Bonds (the “New Jersey Series” bonds in the table above) and loaned the proceeds to us for the purposes of financing capital improvements at our Essex County facility, including a new emissions control system. Interest on the bonds is paid semi-annually on January 1 and July 1 of each year beginning on January 1, 2016. Interest expense incurred during the construction period will be capitalized. We entered into a loan agreement with the Delaware County Industrial Development Authority under which they issued the Refunding Revenue Bonds (the “Pennsylvania Series” bonds in the table above) and loaned the proceeds to us for the purpose of redeeming the outstanding $34 million principal amount of the Variable Rate Bonds and of refinancing $6 million of project debt due on July 1, 2015 at our Delaware Valley facility. See Variable Rate Tax-Exempt Demand Bonds due 2043 below. Interest on the bonds is paid semi-annually on January 1 and July 1 of each year beginning on January 1, 2016. Each of the loan agreements contains customary events of default, including failure to make any payments when due, failure to perform its covenants under the respective loan agreement, and the bankruptcy or insolvency. Additionally, each of the loan agreements contains cross-default provisions that relate to our other indebtedness. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the unpaid balance of the loan under the applicable loan agreement will become due and payable immediately. The Massachusetts Series bonds and the Niagara Series bonds contain certain terms including mandatory redemption requirements in the event that (i) the respective loan agreement is determined to be invalid, or (ii) the respective bonds are determined to be taxable. In the event of a mandatory redemption of the bonds, we will have an obligation under each respective loan agreement to prepay the respective loan in order to fund the redemption. Tax-Exempt Variable Rate Demand Bonds due 2043 ("Variable Rate Bonds") In July 2013 and 2014, we issued $22 million and $12 million , respectively of tax-exempt corporate variable-rate demand bonds, which were secured by a letter of credit issued under our Revolving Credit Facility and had a maturity date of July 1, 2043. Proceeds from the offering were utilized to refinance project debt at our Delaware Valley facility due through July 1, 2014. In August 2015, we refinanced the $34 million of outstanding Variable Rate Bonds with the Pennsylvania Series bonds. See 4.00% - 5.25% Tax-Exempt Bonds due from 2024-2045 above. Equipment Financing Capital Lease Arrangements In 2014, we entered into equipment financing capital lease arrangements to finance the purchase of barges, railcars, containers and intermodal equipment related to our New York City contract. During the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, we borrowed $15 million and $63 million under the equipment financing capital lease arrangements. The lease terms range from 10 years to 12 years and the fixed interest rates range from 3.48% to 4.52% . The outstanding borrowings under the equipment financing capital lease arrangements were $73 million as of December 31, 2015 , and have mandatory amortization payments remaining as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Thereafter Annual Remaining Amortization $ 4 $ 4 $ 5 $ 5 $ 5 $ 50 Depreciation associated with this equipment is included in Depreciation and amortization expense on our consolidated statement of operations. For additional information see Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Property, Plant and Equipment . PROJECT DEBT The maturities of long-term project debt as of December 31, 2015 are as follows (in millions): Thereafter Total Less: Current Portion Total Noncurrent Project Debt Debt $ 15 $ 17 $ 19 $ 14 $ 4 $ 128 $ 197 $ (15 ) $ 182 Premium 1 — — — — 3 4 (1 ) 3 Total $ 16 $ 17 $ 19 $ 14 $ 4 $ 131 $ 201 $ (16 ) $ 185 Project debt associated with the financing of energy-from-waste facilities is arranged by municipal entities through the issuance of tax-exempt and taxable revenue bonds or other borrowings. For those facilities we own, that project debt is recorded as a liability on our consolidated financial statements. Generally, debt service for project debt related to Service Fee structures is the primary responsibility of municipal entities, whereas debt service for project debt related to Tip Fee structures is paid by our project subsidiary from project revenue expected to be sufficient to cover such expense. Payment obligations for our project debt associated with energy-from-waste facilities are generally limited recourse to the operating subsidiary and non-recourse to us, subject to operating performance guarantees and commitments. These obligations are secured by the revenue pledged under various indentures and are collateralized principally by a mortgage lien and a security interest in each of the respective energy-from-waste facilities and related assets. As of December 31, 2015 , such revenue bonds were collateralized by property, plant and equipment with a net carrying value of $597 million and restricted funds held in trust of approximately $104 million . In April 2015, in connection with a long-term service fee contract extension at our Onondaga County facility, our Onondaga County client refinanced $42 million of outstanding project debt with $54 million of new tax-exempt bonds issued with a $5 million premium. The incremental proceeds were used to establish a $15 million restricted cash fund to be used toward facility projects and to satisfy $2 million in transaction costs which will be deferred and amortized over the term of the bonds. The bonds bear interest from 1.75% to 5.00% and have scheduled annual payments with final maturity on May 1, 2035. Consistent with other service fee projects we own and have project debt in place, the client community will pay us debt service revenue equivalent to the principal and interest on the bonds. Dublin Project Financing During 2014, we executed agreements for project financing totaling €375 million to fund a majority of the construction costs of the Dublin EfW facility. The project financing package includes: (i) €300 million of project debt under a credit facility agreement with various lenders (the “Dublin Credit Agreement”), which consists of a €250 million senior secured term loan (the “Dublin Senior Term Loan”) and a €50 million second lien term loan (the “Dublin Junior Term Loan”), and (ii) a €75 million convertible preferred investment (the “Dublin Convertible Preferred”), which has been committed by a leading global energy infrastructure investor. For additional information related to this project, see Note 3. New Business and Asset Management . Dublin Senior Term Loan due 2021 The €250 million Dublin Senior Term Loan is expected to be drawn over the course of 2016 and 2017 to fund remaining construction costs as our equity investment into the project (approximately €125 million ), the Dublin Convertible Preferred, and the Dublin Junior Term Loan have been fully utilized. Key commercial terms of the Dublin Senior Term Loan include: • Final maturity on September 30, 2021 (approximately four years after the anticipated operational commencement date of the facility). • Scheduled repayments will be made semi-annually according to a 15-year amortization profile, beginning in 2018. The loan is pre-payable at our option following operational commencement. • Borrowings will bear interest at the Euro Interbank Offered Rate ("EURIBOR") plus an applicable margin, which will range from 4.00% to 4.50% according to a pre-determined schedule. Interest on outstanding borrowings will be payable in cash monthly prior to the operational commencement date of the facility, and payable in cash semi-annually after the operational commencement date, based on the prevailing one and six month EURIBOR rates, respectively. Undrawn commitments will accrue commitment fees at a rate of 2.25% per annum. We entered into interest rate swap agreements in order to hedge our exposure to adverse variable interest rate fluctuations under the Dublin Senior Term Loan. For additional information, see Note 13. Derivative Instruments . • The Dublin Senior Term Loan is a senior obligation of the project company and certain other related subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned by us, and is secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the project-related assets. The Dublin Senior Term Loan is non-recourse to us and our subsidiary Covanta Energy. See Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies for a description of the commitments of Covanta Energy related to the Dublin project financing. • The Dublin Credit Agreement contains positive, negative and financial maintenance covenants that are customary for a project financing of this type. Our ability to service the Dublin Junior Term Loan and the Dublin Convertible Preferred and to make cash distributions to common equity following the operational commencement date is subject to ongoing compliance with these covenants, including maintaining a minimum debt service coverage ratio and loan life coverage ratio on the Dublin Senior Term Loan. Dublin Junior Term Loan due 2022 The €50 million Dublin Junior Term Loan was funded into an escrow account in September 2014 and was utilized in 2015 to fund construction costs as our initial equity investment into the project and the Dublin Convertible Preferred were fully utilized. As of December 31, 2015, $56 million ( €52 million ) and $2 million ( €2 million ) is included in project debt and current restricted funds held in trust, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheet. Key commercial terms of the Dublin Junior Term Loan include: • Final maturity on March 31, 2022 (six months after the maturity of the Dublin Senior Term Loan). • Scheduled repayments will be made semi-annually according to a 15-year amortization profile, beginning in 2018. The loan is pre-payable at our option following operational commencement. • Borrowings bear interest at a fixed rate of 5.23% during the first six months of the loan, and thereafter at fixed rates ranging from 9.23% to 9.73% according to a pre-determined schedule. Interest on outstanding borrowings is payable semi-annually and will be payable 50% in cash and 50% accrued to the balance of the loan prior to the operational commencement date of the facility, and payable 100% in cash after the operational commencement date. • The Dublin Junior Term Loan is a junior obligation of the project company and certain other related subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned by us, and is secured by a second priority lien on substantially all of the project-related assets and a first priority lien on the assets of the top tier project holding company. The Dublin Junior Term Loan is non-recourse to us and our subsidiary Covanta Energy. • Under the Dublin Credit Agreement, our ability to service the Dublin Convertible Preferred and to make cash distributions to common equity is subject to ongoing compliance with the covenants under the agreement, including maintaining a minimum debt service coverage ratio and loan life coverage ratio on the Dublin Junior Term Loan. Dublin Convertible Preferred The €75 million Dublin Convertible Preferred was utilized to fund construction costs in 2015 after our initial equity investment into the project was fully utilized. The instrument has: (i) a liquidation preference equal to par value of the investment, (ii) a preferred claim on project cash flows during operations (after debt service) to pay a fixed dividend rate and repay principal according to an amortization schedule, and (iii) an option to convert loan principal into a common equity interest in the project. The Dublin Convertible Preferred is structured as a shareholder loan (the “Stakeholder Loan”) with the concurrent issuance of warrants (the “Stakeholder Warrants”). Key commercial terms of the Dublin Convertible Preferred include: • The Stakeholder Loan will accrue dividends at a fixed rate of 13.50% per annum. The dividends are payable 50% in cash and 50% accrued to the principal balance on a monthly basis prior to the operational commencement date, and payable 100% in cash semi-annually thereafter, subject to available project cash flows after debt service. • Scheduled repayments of principal of the Stakeholder Loan will be made semi-annually according to a 13-year amortization profile beginning in 2020 (two years after the operational commencement date), with a final repayment date of September 30, 2032 , all subjec |