Segment Information | Segment Information Reportable operating segments are determined based on Comtech’s management approach. The management approach, as defined by FASB ASC 280 "Segment Reporting" is based on the way that the chief operating decision-maker ("CODM") organizes the segments within an enterprise for making decisions about resources to be allocated and assessing their performance. Our CODM, for purposes of FASB ASC 280, is our Chief Executive Officer and President. Our Commercial Solutions segment serves commercial customers and smaller government customers, such as state and local governments, that require advanced communications technologies to meet their needs. This segment also serves certain large government customers (including the U.S. government) when they have requirements for off-the-shelf commercial equipment. Commercial solutions products include satellite earth station communications equipment such as modems and traveling wave tube amplifiers, public safety technologies including those that are utilized in next generation 911 systems and enterprise technologies such as trusted location and text-messaging platforms. Our Government Solutions segment serves large U.S. and foreign government end-users that require mission critical technologies and systems. Government solutions products include command and control technologies (such as mobile satellite transceivers used on the Blue Force Tracking-1 and Blue Force Tracking-2 programs), troposcatter technologies systems (such as digital troposcatter multiplexers, digital over-the-horizon modems, troposcatter systems and frequency converter systems) and RF power and switching technologies products (such as solid-state high-power narrow and broadband amplifiers, enhanced position location reporting system ("EPLRS") amplifier assemblies, identification friend or foe amplifiers and amplifiers used in the counteraction of improvised explosive devices). Our CODM primarily uses a metric that we refer to as Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("Adjusted EBITDA") to measure an operating segment’s performance and to make decisions about resources to be allocated. Our Adjusted EBITDA metric does not consider any allocation of the following: income taxes, interest (income) and other expense, interest expense, amortization of stock-based compensation, amortization of intangibles, depreciation expense, settlement of intellectual property litigation, acquisition plan expenses or strategic alternatives analysis expenses and other. These items, while periodically affecting our results, may vary significantly from period to period and may have a disproportionate effect in a given period, thereby affecting the comparability of results. Our Adjusted EBITDA is also used by our management in assessing the Company's operating results. Although closely aligned, the Company's definition of Adjusted EBITDA is different than the Consolidated EBITDA (as such term is defined in our Secured Credit Facility, as amended) utilized for financial covenant calculations and also may differ from the definition of EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA used by other companies and, therefore, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. Operating segment information, along with a reconciliation of segment net income (loss) and consolidated net income to Adjusted EBITDA is presented in the tables below: Three months ended January 31, 2018 Commercial Solutions Government Solutions Unallocated Total Net sales $ 85,824,000 47,907,000 — $ 133,731,000 Operating income (loss) $ 8,922,000 (299,000 ) (3,740,000 ) $ 4,883,000 Net income (loss) $ 8,958,000 (313,000 ) 7,116,000 $ 15,761,000 Benefit from income taxes (7,000 ) — (13,342,000 ) (13,349,000 ) Interest (income) and other expense (58,000 ) 14,000 (4,000 ) (48,000 ) Interest expense 29,000 — 2,490,000 2,519,000 Amortization of stock-based compensation — — 1,080,000 1,080,000 Amortization of intangibles 4,424,000 844,000 — 5,268,000 Depreciation 2,457,000 588,000 272,000 3,317,000 Adjusted EBITDA $ 15,803,000 1,133,000 (2,388,000 ) $ 14,548,000 Purchases of property, plant and equipment $ 1,418,000 189,000 121,000 $ 1,728,000 Total assets at January 31, 2018 $ 602,872,000 178,970,000 40,809,000 $ 822,651,000 Three months ended January 31, 2017 Commercial Solutions Government Solutions Unallocated Total Net sales $ 82,103,000 56,925,000 — $ 139,028,000 Operating income $ 5,864,000 2,338,000 4,647,000 $ 12,849,000 Net income (loss) $ 5,730,000 2,362,000 (1,507,000 ) $ 6,585,000 Provision for income taxes 135,000 — 3,351,000 3,486,000 Interest (income) and other expense (60,000 ) (23,000 ) 9,000 (74,000 ) Interest expense 59,000 (1,000 ) 2,794,000 2,852,000 Amortization of stock-based compensation — — 1,019,000 1,019,000 Amortization of intangibles 4,413,000 1,619,000 — 6,032,000 Depreciation 2,429,000 752,000 387,000 3,568,000 Settlement of intellectual property litigation — — (9,979,000 ) (9,979,000 ) Adjusted EBITDA $ 12,706,000 4,709,000 (3,926,000 ) $ 13,489,000 Purchases of property, plant and equipment $ 1,652,000 413,000 7,000 $ 2,072,000 Total assets at January 31, 2017 $ 620,147,000 197,035,000 66,326,000 $ 883,508,000 Six months ended January 31, 2018 Commercial Solutions Government Solutions Unallocated Total Net sales $ 161,938,000 93,362,000 — $ 255,300,000 Operating income (loss) $ 13,714,000 (940,000 ) (7,669,000 ) $ 5,105,000 Net income (loss) $ 13,660,000 (955,000 ) 1,396,000 $ 14,101,000 Benefit from income taxes (1,000 ) — (14,093,000 ) (14,094,000 ) Interest (income) and other expense (10,000 ) 12,000 (11,000 ) (9,000 ) Interest expense 65,000 3,000 5,039,000 5,107,000 Amortization of stock-based compensation — — 1,827,000 1,827,000 Amortization of intangibles 8,849,000 1,688,000 — 10,537,000 Depreciation 4,900,000 1,204,000 559,000 6,663,000 Adjusted EBITDA $ 27,463,000 1,952,000 (5,283,000 ) $ 24,132,000 Purchases of property, plant and equipment $ 2,377,000 282,000 177,000 $ 2,836,000 Total assets at January 31, 2018 $ 602,872,000 178,970,000 40,809,000 $ 822,651,000 Six months ended January 31, 2017 Commercial Solutions Government Solutions Unallocated Total Net sales $ 158,281,000 116,533,000 — $ 274,814,000 Operating income (loss) $ 8,962,000 4,838,000 (1,679,000 ) $ 12,121,000 Net income (loss) $ 8,743,000 4,865,000 (9,512,000 ) $ 4,096,000 Provision for income taxes 158,000 — 1,766,000 1,924,000 Interest (income) and other expense (62,000 ) (26,000 ) 12,000 (76,000 ) Interest expense 123,000 (1,000 ) 6,055,000 6,177,000 Amortization of stock-based compensation — — 1,989,000 1,989,000 Amortization of intangibles 8,849,000 3,238,000 — 12,087,000 Depreciation 5,016,000 1,503,000 798,000 7,317,000 Settlement of intellectual property litigation — — (9,979,000 ) (9,979,000 ) Adjusted EBITDA $ 22,827,000 9,579,000 (8,871,000 ) $ 23,535,000 Purchases of property, plant and equipment $ 3,647,000 423,000 77,000 $ 4,147,000 Total assets at January 31, 2017 $ 620,147,000 197,035,000 66,326,000 $ 883,508,000 Unallocated expenses result from corporate expenses such as executive compensation, accounting, legal and other regulatory compliance related costs and also includes all of our amortization of stock-based compensation. In addition, during fiscal 2017, unallocated expenses also reflect the favorable adjustments to operating income related to the settlement of certain legacy TCS intellectual property matters. Interest expense for the three and six months ended January 31, 2018 and 2017 includes $2,350,000 and $4,815,000 , respectively, and $2,708,000 and $5,883,000 , respectively, related to our Secured Credit Facility, as amended, and includes the amortization of deferred financing costs. See Note (9) - "Secured Credit Facility" for further discussion of such debt. Intersegment sales for the three months ended January 31, 2018 and 2017 by the Commercial Solutions segment to the Government Solutions segment were $2,328,000 and $3,059,000 , respectively. Intersegment sales for the six months ended January 31, 2018 and 2017 by the Commercial Solutions segment to the Government Solutions segment were $4,949,000 and $6,485,000 , respectively. There were nominal sales by the Government Solutions segment to the Commercial Solutions segment for these periods. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation and are excluded from the tables above. Unallocated assets at January 31, 2018 consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, income taxes receivable, corporate property, plant and equipment and deferred financing costs. Substantially all of our long-lived assets are located in the U.S. |