Comtech Telecommunications (CMTL) 10-Q 8 Dec 22 2023 Q1 Quarterly report Financial data

Cover

Cover - shares	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Dec. 02, 2022
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Oct. 31, 2022
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	0-7928
Entity Registrant Name	COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP /DE/
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	11-2139466
Entity Address, Address Line One	68 South Service Road
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 230
Entity Address, City or Town	Melville
Entity Address, State or Province	NY
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	11747
City Area Code	(631)
Local Phone Number	962-7000
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.10 per share
Trading Symbol	CMTL
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		27,775,309
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--07-31
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Entity Central Index Key	0000023197

Condensed Consolidated Balance

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 21,528,000	$ 21,654,000
Accounts receivable, net	128,787,000	123,711,000
Inventories, net	99,748,000	96,317,000
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	19,507,000	21,649,000
Total current assets	269,570,000	263,331,000
Property, plant and equipment, net	52,688,000	50,363,000
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	49,658,000	49,767,000
Goodwill	347,692,000	347,692,000
Intangibles with finite lives, net	241,954,000	247,303,000
Deferred financing costs, net	811,000	1,014,000
Other assets, net	15,452,000	14,827,000
Total assets	977,825,000	974,297,000
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	42,319,000	44,591,000
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	75,441,000	72,662,000
Operating lease liabilities, current	8,190,000	8,685,000
Dividends payable	2,774,000	2,746,000
Contract liabilities	59,809,000	64,601,000
Interest payable	250,000	172,000
Total current liabilities	188,783,000	193,457,000
Non-current portion of long-term debt	148,700,000	130,000,000
Operating lease liabilities, non-current	44,427,000	44,423,000
Income taxes payable	3,236,000	3,007,000
Deferred tax liability, net	14,304,000	15,355,000
Long-term contract liabilities	11,719,000	9,975,000
Other liabilities	5,381,000	6,291,000
Total liabilities	416,550,000	402,508,000
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 18)
Convertible preferred stock, par value $0.10 per share; authorized 125,000 shares; issued 100,000 at October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022 (includes accrued dividends of $576,000 and 566,000 at October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022, respectively)	106,914,000	105,204,000
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.10 per share; authorized and unissued 1,875,000 shares	0	0
Common stock, par value $0.10 per share; authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued 42,810,846 and 42,672,827 shares at October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022, respectively	4,281,000	4,267,000
Additional paid-in capital	629,027,000	625,484,000
Retained earnings	262,902,000	278,683,000
Stockholders' equity before treasury stock	896,210,000	908,434,000
Treasury stock, at cost (15,033,317 shares at October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022)	(441,849,000)	(441,849,000)
Total stockholders’ equity	454,361,000	466,585,000
Total liabilities, convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity	$ 977,825,000	$ 974,297,000

Condensed Consolidated Balanc_2

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2022
Stockholders’ equity:
Series A convertible preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Series A convertible preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	125,000	125,000
Series A convertible preferred stock, par value (in shares)	100,000	100,000
Convertible preferred stock, accrued dividends	$ 576,000	$ 566,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,875,000	1,875,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	42,810,846	42,672,827
Treasury stock, shares (in shares)	15,033,317	15,033,317

Condensed Consolidated Statemen

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net sales	$ 131,139,000	$ 116,759,000
Cost of sales	84,336,000	75,024,000
Gross profit	46,803,000	41,735,000
Expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	29,337,000	28,242,000
Research and development	12,751,000	12,497,000
Amortization of intangibles	5,349,000	5,349,000
CEO transition costs	9,090,000	0
Proxy solicitation costs	0	2,162,000
Total operating expenses	56,527,000	48,250,000
Operating loss	(9,724,000)	(6,515,000)
Other expenses (income):
Interest expense	2,235,000	1,607,000
Interest (income) and other	(255,000)	219,000
Change in fair value of convertible preferred stock purchase option liability	0	(304,000)
Loss before benefit from income taxes	(11,704,000)	(8,037,000)
Benefit from income taxes	(608,000)	(2,053,000)
Net loss	(11,096,000)	(5,984,000)
Dividend on convertible preferred stock	(1,710,000)	(235,000)
Convertible preferred stock issuance costs	0	(4,007,000)
Establishment of initial convertible preferred stock purchase option liability	0	(1,005,000)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (12,806,000)	$ (11,231,000)
Net loss per common share (See Note 5):
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.46)	$ (0.43)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.46)	$ (0.43)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	27,830,000	26,426,000
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	27,830,000	26,426,000

Condensed Consolidated Statem_2

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($)	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings	Treasury Stock
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of convertible preferred stock (in shares)	100,000
Issuance of convertible preferred stock	$ 100,000,000
Convertible preferred stock issuance costs	(4,007,000)
Establishment of initial convertible preferred stock purchase option liability	(1,005,000)
Adjustment to reflect redemption value of convertible preferred stock (including accrued dividends)	$ 5,247,000
Ending Balance (in shares) at Oct. 31, 2021	100,000
Ending Balance at Oct. 31, 2021	$ 100,235,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jul. 31, 2021		41,281,812
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jul. 31, 2021					15,033,317
Beginning balance at Jul. 31, 2021	500,719,000	$ 4,128,000	$ 605,439,000	$ 333,001,000	$ (441,849,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Equity-classified stock award compensation	921,000		921,000
Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares (in shares)		10,540
Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares	229,000	$ 1,000	228,000
Issuance of restricted stock (in shares)		13,428
Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeiture	0	$ 1,000	(1,000)
Net settlement of stock-based awards (in shares)		74,461
Net settlement of stock-based awards	(2,127,000)	$ 8,000	(2,135,000)
Adjustment to reflect redemption value of convertible preferred stock (including accrued dividends)	(5,247,000)			(5,247,000)
Cash dividends declared, net	(2,629,000)			(2,629,000)
Accrual of dividend equivalents, net of reversal	(88,000)			(88,000)
Net loss	(5,984,000)			(5,984,000)
Ending balance (in shares) at Oct. 31, 2021		41,380,241
Ending balance (in shares) at Oct. 31, 2021					15,033,317
Ending balance at Oct. 31, 2021	$ 485,794,000	$ 4,138,000	604,452,000	319,053,000	$ (441,849,000)
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Jul. 31, 2022	100,000
Beginning Balance at Jul. 31, 2022	$ 105,204,000
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
Convertible preferred stock issuance costs	0
Establishment of initial convertible preferred stock purchase option liability	0
Adjustment to reflect redemption value of convertible preferred stock (including accrued dividends)	$ 1,710,000
Ending Balance (in shares) at Oct. 31, 2022	100,000
Ending Balance at Oct. 31, 2022	$ 106,914,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jul. 31, 2022	42,672,827	42,672,827
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jul. 31, 2022					15,033,317
Beginning balance at Jul. 31, 2022	$ 466,585,000	$ 4,267,000	625,484,000	278,683,000	$ (441,849,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Equity-classified stock award compensation	904,000		904,000
Former CEO transition costs related to equity-classified stock-based awards (See Note 1)	3,764,000		3,764,000
Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares (in shares)		15,017
Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares	119,000	$ 2,000	117,000
Issuance of restricted stock (in shares)		10,718
Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeiture	0	$ 1,000	(1,000)
Net settlement of stock-based awards (in shares)		112,284
Net settlement of stock-based awards	(1,230,000)	$ 11,000	(1,241,000)
Adjustment to reflect redemption value of convertible preferred stock (including accrued dividends)	(1,710,000)			(1,710,000)
Cash dividends declared, net	(2,774,000)			(2,774,000)
Accrual of dividend equivalents, net of reversal	(201,000)			(201,000)
Net loss	$ (11,096,000)			(11,096,000)
Ending balance (in shares) at Oct. 31, 2022	42,810,846	42,810,846
Ending balance (in shares) at Oct. 31, 2022					15,033,317
Ending balance at Oct. 31, 2022	$ 454,361,000	$ 4,281,000	$ 629,027,000	$ 262,902,000	$ (441,849,000)

Condensed Consolidated Statem_3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Cash dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Accrual of dividend equivalents (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10

Condensed Consolidated Statem_4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (11,096,000)	$ (5,984,000)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment	2,798,000	2,241,000
Amortization of intangible assets with finite lives	5,349,000	5,349,000
Amortization of stock-based compensation	904,000	921,000
Amortization of cost to fulfill assets	240,000	0
CEO transition costs related to equity-classified stock-based awards	3,764,000	0
Amortization of deferred financing costs	203,000	203,000
Change in fair value of convertible preferred stock purchase option liability	0	(304,000)
Changes in other liabilities	(1,033,000)	(1,033,000)
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment	71,000	0
Provision for (benefit from) allowance for doubtful accounts	242,000	(156,000)
Provision for excess and obsolete inventory	847,000	1,175,000
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense	(1,217,000)	175,000
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisitions:
Accounts receivable	(5,318,000)	21,450,000
Inventories	(4,278,000)	(8,513,000)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,581,000	1,507,000
Other assets	(714,000)	(537,000)
Accounts payable	(1,555,000)	(6,353,000)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	5,256,000	814,000
Contract liabilities	(3,048,000)	(3,503,000)
Other liabilities, non-current	(61,000)	(2,000)
Interest payable	78,000	(66,000)
Income taxes payable	790,000	(2,605,000)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	(6,197,000)	4,779,000
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(7,221,000)	(3,638,000)
Net cash used in investing activities	(7,221,000)	(3,638,000)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock	0	100,000,000
Net borrowings (payments) of long-term debt under Credit Facility	18,700,000	(93,000,000)
Remittance of employees' statutory tax withholding for stock awards	(2,332,000)	(4,723,000)
Cash dividends paid on common stock	(3,092,000)	(2,916,000)
Payment of deferred financing costs	0	(140,000)
Repayment of principal amounts under finance lease liabilities	(2,000)	(5,000)
Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares	119,000	229,000
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	13,292,000	(1,085,000)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(126,000)	56,000
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	21,654,000	30,861,000
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	21,528,000	30,917,000
Cash paid (received) during the period for:
Interest	1,947,000	1,345,000
Income taxes, net	(181,000)	387,000
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Accrued additions to property, plant and equipment	1,818,000	1,878,000
Cash dividends declared on common stock but unpaid (including accrual of dividend equivalents)	2,975,000	2,717,000
Accrued convertible preferred stock issuance costs	0	3,477,000
Reclass of finance lease right-of-use assets to property, plant and equipment	12,000	0
Establishment of initial convertible preferred stock purchase option liability	0	1,005,000
Adjustment to reflect redemption value of convertible preferred stock	1,710,000	5,247,000
Convertible Preferred Stock
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payment of issuance costs	0	(530,000)
Shelf Registration
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payment of issuance costs	$ (101,000)	$ 0

General

General	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
General	General The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and its subsidiaries ("Comtech," "we," "us," or "our") as of and for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 are unaudited. In the opinion of management, the information furnished reflects all material adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the unaudited interim periods. Our results of operations for such periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the full fiscal year. The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reported period. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Our condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2022 and the notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, and all of our other filings with the SEC. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications have been made to previously reported condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the fiscal 2023 presentation. CEO Transition Costs On August 9, 2022, our Board of Directors appointed our Chairman of the Board, Ken Peterman, as President and Chief Executive Officer ("CEO"). Transition costs related to our former President and CEO, Michael D. Porcelain, pursuant to his separation agreement with the Company, were $7,424,000, of which $3,764,000 related to the acceleration of unamortized stock based compensation, with the remaining $3,660,000 related to his severance payments and benefits upon termination of employment. The cash portion of the transition costs of $3,660,000 was paid to Mr. Porcelain in October 2022. Also, in connection with Mr. Peterman entering into an employment agreement with the Company, effective as of August 9, 2022, we incurred a $1,000,000 expense related to a cash sign-on bonus. CEO transition costs related to Mr. Porcelain and Mr. Peterman were expensed in our Unallocated segment during the first quarter of fiscal 2023.

Adoption of Accounting Standard

Adoption of Accounting Standards and Updates	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]
Adoption of Accounting Standards and Updates	Adoption of Accounting Standards and UpdatesWe are required to prepare our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") which is the source for all authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, which are commonly referred to as "GAAP." The FASB ASC is subject to updates by the FASB, which are known as Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs"). ASUs issued, but not effective until after October 31, 2022, are not expected to have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition In accordance with FASB ASC 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), we record revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for goods or services promised to customers. Under ASC 606, we follow a five-step model to: (1) identify the contract with our customer; (2) identify our performance obligations in our contract; (3) determine the transaction price for our contract; (4) allocate the transaction price to our performance obligations; and (5) recognize revenue using one of the following two methods: • Over time - We recognize revenue using the over time method when there is a continuous transfer of control to the customer over the contractual period of performance. This generally occurs when we enter into a long-term contract relating to the design, development or manufacture of complex equipment or technology platforms to a buyer’s specification (or to provide services related to the performance of such contracts). Continuous transfer of control is typically supported by contract clauses which allow our customers to unilaterally terminate a contract for convenience, pay for costs incurred plus a reasonable profit and take control of work-in-process. Revenue recognized over time is generally based on the extent of progress toward completion of the related performance obligations. The selection of the method to measure progress requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services provided. In certain instances, typically for firm fixed-price contracts, we use the cost-to-cost measure because it best depicts the transfer of control to the customer which occurs as we incur costs on our contracts. Under the cost-to-cost measure, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion, including warranty costs. Revenues, including estimated fees or profits, are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. Costs to fulfill generally include direct labor, materials, subcontractor costs, other direct costs and an allocation of indirect costs. When these contracts are modified, the additional goods or services are generally not distinct from those already provided. As a result, these modifications form part of an existing contract and we must update the transaction price and our measure of progress for the single performance obligation and recognize a cumulative catch-up to revenue and gross profits. For over time contracts using a cost-to-cost measure of progress, we have an estimate at completion ("EAC") process in which management reviews the progress and execution of our performance obligations. This EAC process requires management judgment relative to assessing risks, estimating contract revenue and costs, and making assumptions for schedule and technical issues. Since certain contracts extend over a long period of time, the impact of revisions in revenue and or cost estimates during the progress of work may impact current period earnings through a cumulative adjustment. Additionally, if the EAC process indicates a loss, a provision is made for the total anticipated loss in the period that it becomes evident. Contract revenue and cost estimates for significant contracts are generally reviewed and reassessed at least quarterly. The cost-to-cost method is principally used to account for contracts in our Satellite and Space Communications segment and, to a lesser extent, certain location-based and messaging infrastructure contracts in our public safety and location technologies product line within our Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segment. For service-based contracts in our Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segment, we also recognize revenue over time. These services are typically recognized as a series of services performed over the contract term using the straight-line method, or based on our customers’ actual usage of the networks and platforms which we provide. • Point in time - When a performance obligation is not satisfied over time, we must record revenue using the point in time accounting method which generally results in revenue being recognized upon shipment or delivery of a promised good or service to a customer. This generally occurs when we enter into short term contracts or purchase orders where items are provided to customers with relatively quick turn-around times. Modifications to such contracts and or purchase orders, which typically provide for additional quantities or services, are accounted for as a new contract because the pricing for these additional quantities or services are based on standalone selling prices. Point in time accounting is principally applied to contracts in our satellite ground station technologies product line (which includes satellite modems, solid-state and traveling wave tube amplifiers) and certain contracts for our solid-state, high-power RF amplifiers. The contracts related to these product lines do not meet the requirements for over time revenue recognition because our customers cannot utilize the equipment for its intended purpose during any phase of our manufacturing process; customers do not simultaneously receive and or consume the benefits provided by our performance; customers do not control the asset (i.e., prior to delivery, customers cannot direct the use of the asset, sell or exchange the equipment, etc.); and, although many of our contracts have termination for convenience clauses and or an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, our performance creates an asset with an alternative use through the point of delivery. In determining that our equipment has alternative use, we considered the underlying manufacturing process for our products. In the early phases of manufacturing, raw materials and work in process (including subassemblies) consist of common parts that are highly fungible among many different types of products and customer applications. Finished products are either configured to our standard configuration or based on our customers’ specifications. Finished products, whether built to our standard specification or to a customers’ specification, can be sold to a variety of customers and across many different end use applications with minimal rework, if needed, and without incurring a significant economic loss. When identifying a contract with our customer, we consider when it has approval and commitment from both parties, if the rights of the parties are identified, if the payment terms are identified, if it has commercial substance and if collectability is probable. When identifying performance obligations, we consider whether there are multiple promises and how to account for them. In our contracts, multiple promises are separated if they are distinct, both individually and in the context of the contract. If multiple promises in a contract are highly interrelated or comprise a series of distinct services performed over time, they are combined into a single performance obligation. In some cases, we may also provide the customer with an additional service-type warranty, which we recognize as a separate performance obligation. Service-type warranties do not represent a significant portion of our consolidated net sales. When service-type warranties represent a separate performance obligation, the revenue is deferred and recognized ratably over the extended warranty period. Our contracts, from time-to-time, may also include options for additional goods and services. To date, these options have not represented material rights to the customer as the pricing for them reflects standalone selling prices. As a result, we do not consider options we offer to be performance obligations for which we must allocate a portion of the transaction price. In many cases, we provide assurance-type warranty coverage for some of our products for a period of at least one year from the date of delivery. When identifying the transaction price, we typically utilize the contract's stated price as a starting point. The transaction price in certain arrangements may include estimated amounts of variable consideration, including award fees, incentive fees or other provisions that can either increase or decrease the transaction price. We estimate variable consideration as the amount to which we expect to be entitled, and we include estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the estimation uncertainty is resolved. The estimation of this variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (e.g., historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. When allocating the contract’s transaction price, we consider each distinct performance obligation. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation using our best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. We determine standalone selling price based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the standalone selling price is not observable through past transactions, we estimate the standalone selling price taking into account available information such as market conditions, including geographic or regional specific factors, competitive positioning, internal costs, profit objectives and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations. Most of our contracts with customers are denominated in U.S. dollars and typically are either firm fixed-price or cost reimbursable type contracts (including fixed-fee, incentive-fee and time-and-material type contracts). In almost all of our contracts with customers, we are the principal in the arrangement and report revenue on a gross basis. Transaction prices for contracts with U.S. domestic and international customers are usually based on specific negotiations with each customer and in the case of the U.S. government, sometimes based on estimated or actual costs of providing the goods or services in accordance with applicable regulations. Sales by geography and customer type, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, are as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 United States U.S. government 32.1 % 30.1 % Domestic 46.7 % 48.5 % Total United States 78.8 % 78.6 % International 21.2 % 21.4 % Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Sales to U.S. government customers include sales to the U.S. Department of Defense ("DoD"), intelligence and civilian agencies, as well as sales directly to or through prime contractors. Domestic sales include sales to commercial customers, as well as to U.S. state and local governments. Included in domestic sales are sales to Verizon Communications Inc. ("Verizon"), which accounted for 12.5% and 11.7% of consolidated net sales for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Except for the U.S., no individual country (including sales to U.S. domestic companies for inclusion in products that are sold to a foreign country) represented more than 10.0% of consolidated net sales for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021. The following tables summarize our disaggregation of revenue consistent with information reviewed by our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021. We believe these categories best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors which impact our business: Three months ended October 31, 2022 Satellite and Space Communications Terrestrial and Wireless Networks Total Geographical region and customer type U.S. government $ 41,013,000 1,038,000 $ 42,051,000 Domestic 15,244,000 46,011,000 61,255,000 Total United States 56,257,000 47,049,000 103,306,000 International 24,616,000 3,217,000 27,833,000 Total $ 80,873,000 50,266,000 $ 131,139,000 Contract type Firm fixed-price $ 69,875,000 50,266,000 $ 120,141,000 Cost reimbursable 10,998,000 — 10,998,000 Total $ 80,873,000 50,266,000 $ 131,139,000 Transfer of control Point in time $ 55,000,000 84,000 $ 55,084,000 Over time 25,873,000 50,182,000 76,055,000 Total $ 80,873,000 50,266,000 $ 131,139,000 Three months ended October 31, 2021 Satellite and Space Communications Terrestrial and Wireless Networks Total Geographical region and customer type U.S. government $ 33,897,000 1,272,000 $ 35,169,000 Domestic 10,787,000 45,768,000 56,555,000 Total United States 44,684,000 47,040,000 91,724,000 International 19,876,000 5,159,000 25,035,000 Total $ 64,560,000 52,199,000 $ 116,759,000 Contract type Firm fixed-price $ 56,903,000 52,199,000 $ 109,102,000 Cost reimbursable 7,657,000 — 7,657,000 Total $ 64,560,000 52,199,000 $ 116,759,000 Transfer of control Point in time $ 40,616,000 147,000 $ 40,763,000 Over time 23,944,000 52,052,000 75,996,000 Total $ 64,560,000 52,199,000 $ 116,759,000 The timing of revenue recognition, billings and collections results in receivables, unbilled receivables and contract liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Under typical payment terms for our contracts accounted for over time, amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, either at periodic intervals (e.g., monthly) or upon achievement of contractual milestones. For certain contracts with provisions that are intended to protect customers in the event we do not satisfy our performance obligations, billings occur subsequent to revenue recognition, resulting in unbilled receivables. Under ASC 606, unbilled receivables constitute contract assets. There were no material impairment losses recognized on contract assets during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. On large long-term contracts, and for contracts with international customers that do not do business with us regularly, payment terms typically require advanced payments and deposits. Under ASC 606, payments received from customers in excess of revenue recognized to-date results in a contract liability. These contract liabilities are not considered to represent a significant financing component of the contract because we believe these cash advances and deposits are generally used to meet working capital demands which can be higher in the earlier stages of a contract. Also, advanced payments and deposits provide us with some measure of assurance that the customer will perform on its obligations under the contract. Under the typical payment terms for our contracts accounted for at a point in time, costs are accumulated in inventory until the time of billing, which generally coincides with revenue recognition. Of the contract liability balance at July 31, 2022 and July 31, 2021, $21,628,000 and $24,973,000 was recognized as revenue during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We recognize the incremental costs to obtain or fulfill a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset is one year or less; otherwise, such costs are capitalized and amortized over the estimated life of the contract. During the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, incremental costs to obtain or fulfill contracts with an amortization period greater than one year were not material. As commissions payable to our internal sales and marketing employees or contractors are contingent upon multiple factors, such commissions are not considered direct costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer and are expensed as incurred in selling, general and administrative expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. As for commissions payable to our third-party sales representatives related to long-term contracts, we do consider these types of commissions both direct and incremental costs to obtain and fulfill such contracts. Therefore, such types of commissions are included in total estimated costs at completion for such contracts and expensed over time through cost of sales on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Fair Value Measurements and Fin

Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments	Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments Using the fair value hierarchy described in FASB ASC 820 " Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures," we valued our cash and cash equivalents using Level 1 inputs that were based on quoted market prices. We believe that the carrying amounts of our other current financial assets (such as accounts receivable) and other current liabilities (including accounts payable and accrued expenses) approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The fair value of our Credit Facility that we entered into on October 31, 2018 approximates its carrying amount due to its variable interest rate and pricing grid that is dependent upon our leverage ratio as of the end of each fiscal quarter. See Note (9) - "Credit Facility - Subsequent Event" for more information. As of October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022, other than the financial instruments discussed above, we had no other significant assets or liabilities included in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets recorded at fair value, as such term is defined by FASB ASC 820.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings Per Share	Earnings Per Share Our basic earnings per share ("EPS") is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares (including vested but unissued stock units, share units, performance shares and restricted stock units ("RSUs")) outstanding during each respective period. Our diluted EPS reflects the dilution from potential common stock issuable pursuant to the exercise of equity-classified stock-based awards, settlement of escrow arrangements related to our acquisition of UHP Networks Inc. ("UHP") and the assumed conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock, if dilutive, outstanding during each respective period. Pursuant to FASB ASC 260 " Earnings Per Share, " shares whose issuance is contingent upon the satisfaction of certain conditions are included in diluted EPS based on the number of shares, if any, that would be issuable if the end of the reporting period were the end of the contingency period. When calculating our diluted earnings per share, we consider the amount an employee must pay upon assumed exercise of stock-based awards and the amount of stock-based compensation cost attributed to future services and not yet recognized. There were no repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021. See Note (17) - " Stockholders’ Equity " for more information. Weighted average stock options, RSUs and restricted stock outstanding of 1,169,000 and 1,525,000 shares for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, were not included in our diluted EPS calculation because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. Our EPS calculations exclude 383,000 and 239,000 weighted average performance shares outstanding for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, as the performance conditions have not yet been satisfied. However, the numerator for EPS calculations for each respective period is reduced by the compensation expense related to these awards. Weighted average common shares of 324,000 and 340,000 related to our acquisition of UHP in March 2021 were not included in our diluted EPS calculation for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. Weighted average common shares of 4,460,000 and 577,000 underlying the assumed conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock, on an if-converted basis, were not included in our diluted EPS calculation for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. As a result, the numerator for our basic and diluted EPS calculation for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 is the respective net loss attributable to common stockholders. The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators used in the basic and diluted EPS calculations: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Numerator: Net loss $ (11,096,000) (5,984,000) Convertible preferred stock issuance costs — (4,007,000) Establishment of initial convertible preferred stock purchase option liability — (1,005,000) Dividend on convertible preferred stock (1,710,000) (235,000) Net loss attributable to common stockholders $ (12,806,000) (11,231,000) Denominator: Denominator for basic and diluted calculation 27,830,000 26,426,000 As discussed further in Note (16) - " Convertible Preferred Stock ," the Convertible Preferred Stock issued in October 2021 represents a "participating security" as defined in ASC 260. As a result, our EPS calculations for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 were based on the two-class method. Given the net loss attributable to common stockholders for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, there was no impact of applying the two-class method to our reported basic or diluted earnings per common share.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]
Accounts Receivable	Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable consist of the following at: October 31, 2022 July 31, 2022 Receivables from commercial and international customers $ 58,863,000 59,922,000 Unbilled receivables from commercial and international customers 45,109,000 39,826,000 Receivables from the U.S. government and its agencies 22,427,000 24,776,000 Unbilled receivables from the U.S. government and its agencies 4,948,000 1,524,000 Total accounts receivable 131,347,000 126,048,000 Less allowance for doubtful accounts 2,560,000 2,337,000 Accounts receivable, net $ 128,787,000 123,711,000 Unbilled receivables as of October 31, 2022 relate to contracts-in-progress for which revenue has been recognized, but for which we have not yet earned the right to bill the customer for work performed to-date. Under ASC 606, unbilled receivables constitute contract assets. Management estimates that a substantial portion of the amounts not yet billed at October 31, 2022 will be billed and collected within one year. As of October 31, 2022, except for the U.S. government (and its agencies), Verizon and AT&T, which represented 20.8%, 18.3% and 11.3%, of total accounts receivable, respectively, there were no other customers which accounted for greater than 10% of total accounts receivable.

Inventories

Inventories	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Inventories	Inventories Inventories consist of the following at: October 31, 2022 July 31, 2022 Raw materials and components $ 81,288,000 78,478,000 Work-in-process and finished goods 42,363,000 40,960,000 Total inventories 123,651,000 119,438,000 Less reserve for excess and obsolete inventories 23,903,000 23,121,000 Inventories, net $ 99,748,000 96,317,000 As of October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022, the amount of inventory directly related to long-term contracts (including contracts-in-progress) was $4,537,000 and $4,100,000, respectively, and the amount of inventory related to contracts from third-party commercial customers who outsource their manufacturing to us was $2,039,000 and $1,866,000, respectively.

Accrued Expenses and Other Curr

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities	Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following at: October 31, 2022 July 31, 2022 Accrued wages and benefits $ 26,282,000 25,675,000 Accrued warranty obligations 9,394,000 9,420,000 Accrued contract costs 17,149,000 15,921,000 Accrued commissions and royalties 6,393,000 5,697,000 Accrued legal costs 2,724,000 2,514,000 Other 13,499,000 13,435,000 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 75,441,000 72,662,000 Accrued contract costs represent direct and indirect costs on contracts as well as estimates of amounts owed for invoices not yet received from vendors or reflected in accounts payable. Accrued warranty obligations as of October 31, 2022 relate to estimated liabilities for assurance type warranty coverage that we provide to our customers. We generally provide warranty coverage for some of our products for a period of at least one year from the date of delivery. We record a liability for estimated warranty expense based on historical claims, product failure rates, consideration of contractual obligations, future costs to resolve software issues and other factors. Some of our product warranties are provided under long-term contracts, the costs of which are incorporated into our estimates of total contract costs. Changes in our accrued warranty obligations during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of period $ 9,420,000 17,600,000 Provision for warranty obligations 409,000 271,000 Charges incurred (435,000) (982,000) Balance at end of period $ 9,394,000 16,889,000

Credit Facility

Credit Facility	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Line of Credit Facility [Abstract]
Credit Facility	Credit Facility On October 31, 2018, we entered into a First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Credit Facility") with a syndicate of lenders. On November 30, 2022, we entered into the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Amended Credit Facility”) with the existing lenders. See “ Subsequent Event ” below for further information. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings set forth for such terms in the Credit Facility and Amended Credit Facility, which have been documented and filed with the SEC. The Credit Facility had a maturity date of October 31, 2023 and provided a senior secured loan facility of up to $550,000,000 consisting of: (i) a revolving loan facility with a borrowing limit of $300,000,000; (ii) an accordion feature allowing us to make a request to borrow up to an additional $250,000,000 subject to the satisfaction of specified conditions, including approval by our lenders; (iii) a $35,000,000 letter of credit sublimit; and (iv) a swingline loan credit sublimit of $25,000,000. As of October 31, 2022, the amount outstanding under our Credit Facility was $148,700,000, which is reflected in the non-current portion of long-term debt on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. At October 31, 2022, we had $519,000 of standby letters of credit outstanding under our Credit Facility related to guarantees of future performance on certain customer contracts and no outstanding commercial letters of credit. During the three months ended October 31, 2022, we had outstanding balances under the Credit Facility ranging from $130,000,000 to $155,500,000. As of October 31, 2022, total net deferred financing costs related to the Credit Facility were $811,000. Interest expense related to our Credit Facility, including amortization of deferred financing costs, recorded during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 was $2,240,000 and $1,493,000, respectively. Our blended interest rate approximated 5.85% and 2.94%, respectively, for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021. As of October 31, 2022, our Secured Leverage Ratio was 3.49x trailing twelve months ("TTM") Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("Adjusted EBITDA") compared to the maximum allowable Secured Leverage Ratio of 3.75x TTM Adjusted EBITDA. Our Interest Expense Coverage Ratio as of October 31, 2022 was 8.79x TTM Adjusted EBITDA compared to the Minimum Interest Expense Coverage Ratio of 3.25x TTM Adjusted EBITDA. Subsequent Event On November 30, 2022, we entered into the Amended Credit Facility which provides a senior secured loan facility of up to $300,000,000 consisting of: (i) a revolving loan facility (“Revolving Loan Facility”) with a borrowing limit of $150,000,000, including a $20,000,000 letter of credit sublimit and a swingline loan credit sublimit of $15,000,000; (ii) a $50,000,000 term loan A (“Term Loan”); and (iii) an accordion feature allowing us to make a request to borrow up to an additional $100,000,000 subject to the satisfaction of specified conditions, including approval by our lenders. The Amended Credit Facility has a maturity date of October 31, 2024 (“Maturity Date”). Under the Amended Credit Facility, if we issue new unsecured debt in excess of $5,000,000 with a maturity date that is less than 91 days from October 31, 2024, the Maturity Date would automatically accelerate so that it would be 91 days earlier than the maturity date of the new unsecured debt. Under the Amended Credit Facility, borrowings under the Revolving Loan Facility and Term Loan are either: (i) Alternate Base Rate borrowings, which would bear interest from the applicable borrowing date at a rate per annum equal to (x) the highest of (a) the Prime Rate in effect on such day, (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day plus 0.50% and (c) the Adjusted Term SOFR for a one-month tenor in effect on such day (or, if such day is not a business day, the immediately preceding business day) plus 1.00%, plus (y) the Applicable Rate, or (ii) SOFR borrowings, which would bear interest from the applicable borrowing date at a rate per annum equal to (x) the Adjusted Term SOFR for such interest period plus (y) the Applicable Rate. Determination of the Applicable Rate is based on a pricing grid that is dependent upon our Leverage Ratio as of the end of each fiscal quarter for which consolidated financial statements have been most recently delivered. The Amended Credit Facility contains customary representations, warranties and affirmative covenants. The Amended Credit Facility also contains customary negative covenants, subject to negotiated exceptions, including but not limited to: (i) liens, (ii) investments, (iii) indebtedness, (iv) significant corporate changes, including mergers and acquisitions, (v) dispositions, (vi) restricted payments, including stockholder dividends, and (vii) certain other restrictive agreements. The Amended Credit Facility also contains certain financial covenants and customary events of default (subject to grace periods, as appropriate), such as payment defaults, cross-defaults to other material indebtedness, bankruptcy and insolvency, the occurrence of a defined change in control and the failure to observe the negative covenants and other covenants related to the operation of our business. In addition, under certain circumstances, we may be required to enter into amendments to the Amended Credit Facility in connection with any further syndication of the Amended Credit Facility. The Amended Credit Facility provides for, among other things: (i) scheduled payments of principal under the Term Loan totaling $2,500,000 in the first year after closing and $5,000,000 in the second year after closing, with the remaining balance of the Term Loan due upon maturity; (ii) a maximum Leverage Ratio of 4.25x TTM Adjusted EBITDA at the fiscal quarter ending January 31, 2023, stepping down to 4.00x at the fiscal quarter ending April 30, 2023, 3.75x at the fiscal quarter ending July 31, 2023, and 3.50x at the fiscal quarter ending January 31, 2024 and thereafter; (iii) a Minimum Interest Coverage Ratio of 3.25x TTM Adjusted EBITDA; and (iv) Minimum Liquidity of $25,000,000. The obligations under the Amended Credit Facility are guaranteed by certain of our domestic and foreign subsidiaries (the “Guarantors”). As collateral security under the Amended Credit Facility and the guarantees thereof, we and the Guarantors have granted to the administrative agent, for the benefit of the lenders, a lien on, and first priority security interest in, substantially all of our tangible and intangible assets.

Leases

Leases	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Leases	Leases Our leases historically relate to the leasing of facilities and equipment. In accordance with FASB ASC 842 - " Leases " ("ASC 842"), we determine at inception whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease and whether the lease should be classified as an operating or a financing lease. At lease commencement, we recognize a right-of-use ("ROU") asset and lease liability based on the present value of the future lease payments over the estimated lease term. We have elected to not recognize a ROU asset or lease liability for any leases with terms of twelve months or less. Instead, for such short-term leases, we recognize lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Certain of our leases include options to extend the term of the lease or to terminate the lease early. When it is reasonably certain that we will exercise a renewal option or will not exercise a termination option, we include the impact of exercising or not exercising such option, respectively, in the estimate of the lease term. As our lease agreements do not explicitly state the discount rate implicit in the lease, we use our incremental borrowing rate ("IBR") on the commencement date to calculate the present value of future lease payments. Such IBR represents our estimated rate of interest to borrow on a collateralized basis over a term commensurate with the expected lease term. Some of our leases include payments that are based on the Consumer Price Index ("CPI") or other similar indices. These variable lease payments are included in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability using the index as of the lease commencement date. Other variable lease payments, such as common area maintenance, property taxes, and usage-based amounts, are required by ASC 842 to be excluded from the ROU asset and lease liability and expensed as incurred. In addition to the present value of the future lease payments, the calculation of the ROU asset would also consider, to the extent applicable, any deferred rent upon adoption, lease pre-payments or initial direct costs of obtaining the lease (e.g., such as commissions). For all classes of leased assets, we elected the practical expedient to not separate lease components (i.e., the actual item being leased, such as the facility or piece of equipment) from non-lease components (i.e., the distinct elements of a contract not related to securing the use of the leased asset, such as common area maintenance and consumable supplies). Certain of our facility lease agreements (which are classified as operating leases) contain rent holidays or rent escalation clauses. For rent holidays and rent escalation clauses during the lease term, we record rental expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. As of October 31, 2022, none of our leases contained a residual value guarantee and covenants included in our lease agreements are customary for the types of facilities and equipment being leased. The components of lease expense are as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Finance lease expense: Amortization of ROU assets $ 3,000 4,000 Interest on lease liabilities — — Operating lease expense 2,837,000 2,924,000 Short-term lease expense 101,000 94,000 Variable lease expense 1,087,000 1,176,000 Sublease income (17,000) (17,000) Total lease expense $ 4,011,000 4,181,000 Additional information related to leases is as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating leases - Operating cash outflows $ 2,906,000 $ 2,828,000 Finance leases - Financing cash outflows 3,000 6,000 ROU assets obtained in the exchange for lease liabilities (non-cash): Operating leases $ 2,573,000 $ 6,667,000 The following table is a reconciliation of future cash flows relating to operating and financing lease liabilities presented on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2022: Operating Finance Total Remainder of fiscal 2023 $ 7,266,000 2,000 $ 7,268,000 Fiscal 2024 9,162,000 — 9,162,000 Fiscal 2025 8,553,000 — 8,553,000 Fiscal 2026 7,144,000 — 7,144,000 Fiscal 2027 5,107,000 — 5,107,000 Thereafter 25,811,000 — 25,811,000 Total future undiscounted cash flows 63,043,000 2,000 63,045,000 Less: Present value discount 10,426,000 — 10,426,000 Lease liabilities $ 52,617,000 2,000 $ 52,619,000 Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years) 8.59 0.38 Weighted-average discount rate 3.42% 6.27% We lease our Melville, New York production facility from a partnership controlled by our former CEO. Lease payments made during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 were $171,000 and $166,000, respectively. The current lease provides for our use of the premises as they exist through December 2031. The annual rent of the facility for calendar year 2023 is $685,000 and is subject to customary adjustments. We have a right of first refusal in the event of a sale of the facility.
Leases	Leases Our leases historically relate to the leasing of facilities and equipment. In accordance with FASB ASC 842 - " Leases " ("ASC 842"), we determine at inception whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease and whether the lease should be classified as an operating or a financing lease. At lease commencement, we recognize a right-of-use ("ROU") asset and lease liability based on the present value of the future lease payments over the estimated lease term. We have elected to not recognize a ROU asset or lease liability for any leases with terms of twelve months or less. Instead, for such short-term leases, we recognize lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Certain of our leases include options to extend the term of the lease or to terminate the lease early. When it is reasonably certain that we will exercise a renewal option or will not exercise a termination option, we include the impact of exercising or not exercising such option, respectively, in the estimate of the lease term. As our lease agreements do not explicitly state the discount rate implicit in the lease, we use our incremental borrowing rate ("IBR") on the commencement date to calculate the present value of future lease payments. Such IBR represents our estimated rate of interest to borrow on a collateralized basis over a term commensurate with the expected lease term. Some of our leases include payments that are based on the Consumer Price Index ("CPI") or other similar indices. These variable lease payments are included in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability using the index as of the lease commencement date. Other variable lease payments, such as common area maintenance, property taxes, and usage-based amounts, are required by ASC 842 to be excluded from the ROU asset and lease liability and expensed as incurred. In addition to the present value of the future lease payments, the calculation of the ROU asset would also consider, to the extent applicable, any deferred rent upon adoption, lease pre-payments or initial direct costs of obtaining the lease (e.g., such as commissions). For all classes of leased assets, we elected the practical expedient to not separate lease components (i.e., the actual item being leased, such as the facility or piece of equipment) from non-lease components (i.e., the distinct elements of a contract not related to securing the use of the leased asset, such as common area maintenance and consumable supplies). Certain of our facility lease agreements (which are classified as operating leases) contain rent holidays or rent escalation clauses. For rent holidays and rent escalation clauses during the lease term, we record rental expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. As of October 31, 2022, none of our leases contained a residual value guarantee and covenants included in our lease agreements are customary for the types of facilities and equipment being leased. The components of lease expense are as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Finance lease expense: Amortization of ROU assets $ 3,000 4,000 Interest on lease liabilities — — Operating lease expense 2,837,000 2,924,000 Short-term lease expense 101,000 94,000 Variable lease expense 1,087,000 1,176,000 Sublease income (17,000) (17,000) Total lease expense $ 4,011,000 4,181,000 Additional information related to leases is as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating leases - Operating cash outflows $ 2,906,000 $ 2,828,000 Finance leases - Financing cash outflows 3,000 6,000 ROU assets obtained in the exchange for lease liabilities (non-cash): Operating leases $ 2,573,000 $ 6,667,000 The following table is a reconciliation of future cash flows relating to operating and financing lease liabilities presented on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2022: Operating Finance Total Remainder of fiscal 2023 $ 7,266,000 2,000 $ 7,268,000 Fiscal 2024 9,162,000 — 9,162,000 Fiscal 2025 8,553,000 — 8,553,000 Fiscal 2026 7,144,000 — 7,144,000 Fiscal 2027 5,107,000 — 5,107,000 Thereafter 25,811,000 — 25,811,000 Total future undiscounted cash flows 63,043,000 2,000 63,045,000 Less: Present value discount 10,426,000 — 10,426,000 Lease liabilities $ 52,617,000 2,000 $ 52,619,000 Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years) 8.59 0.38 Weighted-average discount rate 3.42% 6.27% We lease our Melville, New York production facility from a partnership controlled by our former CEO. Lease payments made during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 were $171,000 and $166,000, respectively. The current lease provides for our use of the premises as they exist through December 2031. The annual rent of the facility for calendar year 2023 is $685,000 and is subject to customary adjustments. We have a right of first refusal in the event of a sale of the facility.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes At October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022, total unrecognized tax benefits were $10,254,000 and $10,008,000, respectively, including interest of $377,000 and $330,000, respectively. At October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022, $3,236,000 and $3,007,000, respectively, of our unrecognized tax benefits were recorded as non-current income taxes payable on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining unrecognized tax benefits of $7,018,000 and $7,001,000 at October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022, respectively, were presented as an offset to the associated non-current deferred tax assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Of the total unrecognized tax benefits, $9,228,000 and $9,034,000 at October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022, respectively, net of the reversal of the federal benefit recognized as a deferred tax asset relating to state reserves, would favorably impact our effective tax rate, if recognized. Unrecognized tax benefits result from income tax positions taken or expected to be taken on our income tax returns for which a tax benefit has not been recorded in our condensed consolidated financial statements. The amount by which the gross unrecognized tax benefits could decrease by in the next twelve months did not significantly change during the first quarter of fiscal 2023. Our U.S. federal income tax returns for fiscal 2019 through 2021 are subject to potential future Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") audit. None of our state income tax returns prior to fiscal 2018 are subject to audit. Future tax assessments or settlements could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation Overview We issue stock-based awards to certain of our employees and our Board of Directors pursuant to our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and/or restated from time to time (the "Plan") and our 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended and/or restated from time to time (the "ESPP"), and recognize related stock-based compensation in our condensed consolidated financial statements. The Plan provides for the granting to employees and consultants of Comtech (including prospective employees and consultants): (i) incentive and non-qualified stock options, (ii) restricted stock units ("RSUs"), (iii) RSUs with performance measures (which we refer to as "performance shares"), (iv) restricted stock, (v) stock units (reserved for issuance to non-employee directors) and share units (reserved for issuance to employees) (collectively, "share units") and (vi) stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), among other types of awards. Our non-employee directors, excluding Fred Kornberg our former CEO, are eligible to receive non-discretionary grants of stock-based awards, subject to certain limitations. As of October 31, 2022, the aggregate number of shares of common stock which may be issued, pursuant to the Plan, may not exceed 10,962,500. Stock options granted may not have a term exceeding ten years or, in the case of an incentive stock award granted to a stockholder who owns stock representing more than 10.0% of the voting power, no more than five years. We expect to settle all outstanding awards under the Plan and employee purchases under the ESPP with the issuance of new shares of our common stock. As of October 31, 2022, we had granted stock-based awards pursuant to the Plan representing the right to purchase and/or acquire an aggregate of 10,183,915 shares (net of 5,466,293 expired and canceled awards), of which an aggregate of 8,107,927 have been exercised or settled. As of October 31, 2022, the following stock-based awards, by award type, were outstanding: October 31, 2022 Stock options 474,020 Performance shares 665,586 RSUs, restricted stock and share units 936,382 Total 2,075,988 Our ESPP provides for the issuance of up to 1,050,000 shares of our common stock. Our ESPP is intended to provide our eligible employees the opportunity to acquire our common stock at 85% of fair market value on the first or last day of each calendar quarter, whichever is lower. Through October 31, 2022, we have cumulatively issued 958,926 shares of our common stock to participating employees in connection with our ESPP. Stock-based compensation for awards issued is reflected in the following line items in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Cost of sales $ 158,000 73,000 Selling, general and administrative expenses 648,000 772,000 Research and development expenses 98,000 76,000 Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs 904,000 921,000 CEO transition costs related to equity-classified stock-based awards 3,764,000 — Total stock-based compensation expense before income tax benefit 4,668,000 921,000 Estimated income tax benefit (493,000) (193,000) Net stock-based compensation expense $ 4,175,000 728,000 Stock-based compensation for equity-classified awards is measured at the date of grant, based on an estimate of the fair value of the award and is generally expensed over the vesting period of the award. At October 31, 2022, unrecognized stock-based compensation of $11,988,000, net of estimated forfeitures of $812,000, is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.8 years. Total stock-based compensation capitalized and included in ending inventory at both October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022 was $48,000. There are no liability-classified stock-based awards outstanding as of October 31, 2022 or July 31, 2022. Stock-based compensation expense, by award type, is summarized as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Stock options $ 25,000 78,000 Performance shares 74,000 349,000 RSUs, restricted stock and share units 774,000 439,000 ESPP 31,000 55,000 Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs 904,000 921,000 CEO transition costs related to equity-classified stock-based awards 3,764,000 — Total stock-based compensation expense before income tax benefit 4,668,000 921,000 Estimated income tax benefit (493,000) (193,000) Net stock-based compensation expense $ 4,175,000 728,000 ESPP stock-based compensation expense primarily relates to the 15% discount offered to participants in the ESPP. The estimated income tax benefit as shown in the above table was computed using income tax rates expected to apply when the awards are settled. Such deferred tax asset was recorded net as part of our non-current deferred tax liability on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022. The actual income tax benefit recognized for tax reporting is based on the fair market value of our common stock at the time of settlement and can significantly differ from the estimated income tax benefit recorded for financial reporting. Stock Options The following table summarizes the Plan’s activity: Awards Weighted Average Weighted Average Aggregate Outstanding at July 31, 2022 483,480 $ 24.43 Expired/canceled (9,460) 26.55 Outstanding at October 31, 2022 474,020 $ 24.38 2.70 $ — Exercisable at October 31, 2022 428,900 $ 25.07 2.19 $ — Vested and expected to vest at October 31, 2022 471,742 $ 24.42 2.67 $ — Stock options outstanding as of October 31, 2022 have exercise prices ranging from $17.88 - $33.94, representing the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant, a contractual term of ten years and a vesting period of five years. Performance Shares, RSUs, Restricted Stock and Share Unit Awards The following table summarizes the Plan’s activity relating to performance shares, RSUs, restricted stock and share units: Awards Weighted Average Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding at July 31, 2022 1,110,750 $ 19.05 Granted 785,092 11.13 Settled (256,069) 24.55 Canceled/Forfeited (37,805) 16.44 Outstanding at October 31, 2022 1,601,968 $ 14.35 $ 17,702,000 Vested at October 31, 2022 532,533 $ 15.68 $ 5,884,000 Vested and expected to vest at October 31, 2022 1,547,797 $ 14.33 $ 17,103,000 The total intrinsic value relating to fully-vested awards settled during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 was $2,769,000 and $4,895,000, respectively. The performance shares granted to employees principally vest over a three-year performance period, if pre-established performance goals are attained, or as specified pursuant to the Plan and related agreements. As of October 31, 2022, the number of outstanding performance shares included in the above table, and the related compensation expense prior to consideration of estimated pre-vesting forfeitures, assume achievement of the pre-established goals at a target level. RSUs and restricted stock granted to non-employee directors prior to August 2022 had a vesting period of five years and are convertible into shares of our common stock generally at the time of termination, on a one-for-one basis for no cash consideration, or earlier under certain circumstances. Commencing in August 2022, such awards have a vesting period of one year. Also, restricted stock granted to Fred Kornberg, pursuant to his Senior Technology Advisor consulting agreement, vests 1/12 on the date of grant and in eleven (11) equal monthly installments thereafter. RSUs granted to employees prior to August 2022 have a vesting period of five years and are convertible into shares of our common stock generally at the time of vesting, on a one-for-one basis for no cash consideration. RSUs granted to employees commencing in August 2022 have a vesting period of three years. Share units were granted to certain employees in lieu of non-equity incentive compensation and are convertible into shares of our common stock on the one-year anniversary of the respective grant date. The fair value of performance shares, RSUs, restricted stock and share units is determined using the closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant, less the present value of any estimated future dividend equivalents such awards are not entitled to receive and an applicable estimated discount for any post-vesting transfer restrictions. RSUs, performance shares and restricted stock are entitled to dividend equivalents unless forfeited before vesting occurs. Share units are entitled to dividend equivalents while the underlying shares are unissued. Dividend equivalents are subject to forfeiture, similar to the terms of the underlying stock-based awards, and are payable in cash generally at the time of settlement of the underlying award. During the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, we accrued $201,000 and $88,000, respectively, of dividend equivalents (net of forfeitures) and paid out $346,000 and $315,000, respectively. Accrued dividend equivalents were recorded as a reduction to retained earnings. As of October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022, accrued dividend equivalents were $597,000 and $742,000, respectively. With respect to the actual settlement of stock-based awards for income tax reporting, during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, we recorded an income tax expense of $363,000 and an income tax benefit of $53,000, respectively. Subsequent Event At our Fiscal 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, scheduled to be held on December 15, 2022, our stockholders will be asked to approve an amendment to our Plan to increase the share reserve available under the Plan by 1,000,000 shares of common stock. Also, our stockholders will be asked to approve an amendment to our ESPP to increase the maximum number of shares of our common stock that are reserved for issuance under the ESPP by 250,000. See Proposal Nos. 4 and 5 included in our definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on November 18, 2022.

Segment Information

Segment Information	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment Information	Segment Information Reportable operating segments are determined based on Comtech’s management approach. The management approach, as defined by FASB ASC 280 "Segment Reporting" is based on the way that the CODM organizes the segments within an enterprise for making decisions about resources to be allocated and assessing their performance. Our CODM, for purposes of FASB ASC 280, is our Chief Executive Officer. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, we revised our business segments to better align them with end-markets for our products and services and our CODM began managing our business in two new reportable segments: “Satellite and Space Communications” and “Terrestrial and Wireless Networks.” As a result, the segment information for the prior fiscal year has been recast to conform to the current year presentation. Satellite and Space Communications is organized into four technology areas: satellite modem technologies and amplifier technologies, troposcatter and SATCOM solutions, space components and antennas, and high-power amplifiers and switches technologies. This segment offers customers: satellite ground station technologies, services and system integration that facilitate the transmission of voice, video and data over GEO, MEO and LEO satellite constellations, including solid-state and traveling wave tube power amplifiers, modems, VSAT platforms and frequency converters; satellite communications and tracking antenna systems, including high precision full motion fixed and mobile X/Y tracking antennas, RF feeds, reflectors and radomes; over-the-horizon microwave equipment that can transmit digitized voice, video, and data over distances up to 200 miles using the troposphere and diffraction, including the Comtech COMET™; solid-state, RF microwave high-power amplifiers and control components designed for radar, electronic warfare, data link, medical and aviation applications; and procurement and supply chain management of high reliability EEE parts for satellite, launch vehicle and manned space applications. Terrestrial and Wireless Networks is organized into four service areas: next generation 911 and call delivery, Solacom call handling solutions, trusted location and messaging solutions, and cyber security training and services. This segment offers customers: SMS text to 911 services, providing alternate paths for individuals who need to request assistance (via text messaging) a method to reach Public Safety Answering Points ("PSAPs"); next generation 911 solutions, providing emergency call routing, location validation, policy-based routing rules, logging and security functionality; Emergency Services IP Network transport infrastructure for emergency services communications and support of next generation 911 services; call handling applications for PSAPs; wireless emergency alerts solutions for network operators; software and equipment for location-based and text messaging services for various applications, including for public safety, commercial and government services, and cybersecurity training, skills labs, and competency assessments for both technical and non-technical applications. Our CODM primarily uses a metric that we refer to as Adjusted EBITDA to measure an operating segment’s performance and to make decisions about resources to be allocated. Our Adjusted EBITDA metric for the Satellite and Space Communications and Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segments do not consider any allocation of indirect expense, or any of the following: income taxes, interest (income) and other, change in fair value of the convertible preferred stock purchase option liability, write-off of deferred financing costs, interest expense, amortization of stock-based compensation, amortization of intangibles, depreciation expense, amortization of cost to fulfill assets, estimated contract settlement costs, settlement of intellectual property litigation, acquisition plan expenses, restructuring costs, COVID-19 related costs, strategic emerging technology costs (for next-generation satellite technology), facility exit costs, CEO transition costs, proxy solicitation costs, strategic alternatives expenses and other. These items, while periodically affecting our results, may vary significantly from period to period and may have a disproportionate effect in a given period, thereby affecting the comparability of results. Any amounts shown in the Adjusted EBITDA calculation for our Satellite and Space Communications and Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segments are directly attributable to those segments. Our Adjusted EBITDA is also used by our management in assessing the Company's operating results. Although closely aligned, the Company's definition of Adjusted EBITDA is different than the Consolidated EBITDA (as such term is defined in our Credit Facility and Amended Credit Facility) utilized for financial covenant calculations and also may differ from the definition of EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA used by other companies and, therefore, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. Operating segment information, along with a reconciliation of segment net income (loss) and consolidated net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA is presented in the tables below: Three months ended October 31, 2022 Satellite and Space Communications Terrestrial and Wireless Networks Unallocated Total Net sales $ 80,873,000 50,266,000 — $ 131,139,000 Operating income (loss) $ 5,016,000 744,000 (15,484,000) $ (9,724,000) Net income (loss) $ 5,815,000 605,000 (17,516,000) $ (11,096,000) Benefit from income taxes (222,000) (165,000) (221,000) (608,000) Interest (income) and other (575,000) 304,000 16,000 (255,000) Interest expense (2,000) — 2,237,000 2,235,000 Amortization of stock-based compensation — — 904,000 904,000 Amortization of intangibles 1,828,000 3,521,000 — 5,349,000 Depreciation 1,020,000 1,737,000 41,000 2,798,000 Amortization of cost to fulfill assets 240,000 — — 240,000 CEO transition costs — — 9,090,000 9,090,000 Restructuring costs 1,056,000 — 269,000 1,325,000 Strategic emerging technology costs 746,000 — — 746,000 Adjusted EBITDA $ 9,906,000 6,002,000 (5,180,000) $ 10,728,000 Purchases of property, plant and equipment $ 4,435,000 2,542,000 244,000 $ 7,221,000 Total assets at October 31, 2022 $ 486,636,000 467,594,000 23,595,000 $ 977,825,000 Three months ended October 31, 2021 Satellite and Space Communications Terrestrial and Wireless Networks Unallocated Total Net sales $ 64,560,000 52,199,000 $ 116,759,000 Operating (loss) income $ (5,313,000) 6,102,000 (7,304,000) $ (6,515,000) Net (loss) income $ (5,074,000) 5,978,000 (6,888,000) $ (5,984,000) (Benefit from) provision for income taxes (599,000) 141,000 (1,595,000) (2,053,000) Interest (income) and other 247,000 (18,000) (10,000) 219,000 Change in fair value of convertible preferred stock purchase — — (304,000) (304,000) Interest expense 114,000 — 1,493,000 1,607,000 Amortization of stock-based compensation — — 921,000 921,000 Amortization of intangibles 1,828,000 3,521,000 — 5,349,000 Depreciation 825,000 1,364,000 52,000 2,241,000 Proxy solicitation costs — — 2,162,000 2,162,000 Restructuring costs 712,000 — — 712,000 COVID-19 related costs 674,000 — — 674,000 Adjusted EBITDA $ (1,273,000) 10,986,000 (4,169,000) $ 5,544,000 Purchases of property, plant and equipment $ 1,037,000 2,601,000 — $ 3,638,000 Total assets at October 31, 2021 $ 485,087,000 471,858,000 26,044,000 $ 982,989,000 Unallocated expenses result from corporate expenses such as executive compensation, accounting, legal and other regulatory compliance related costs and also includes all of our amortization of stock-based compensation. During the three months ended October 31, 2022, we expensed $9,090,000 of CEO transition costs. See Note (1) - " General - CEO Transition Costs " for further information. During the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, our Satellite and Space Communications segment recorded $1,056,000 and $712,000, respectively, of restructuring costs incurred to streamline our operations, including costs related to the ongoing relocation of certain of our satellite ground station production facilities to a new 146,000 square foot facility in Chandler, Arizona. Interest expense in the tables above primarily relates to our Credit Facility, and includes the amortization of deferred financing costs. See Note (9) - " Credit Facility " for further discussion. Intersegment sales for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 between the Satellite and Space Communications segment and the Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segment were nominal. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation and are excluded from the tables above. Unallocated assets at October 31, 2022 consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, income taxes receivable, corporate property, plant and equipment and deferred financing costs. The large majority of our long-lived assets are located in the U.S.

Goodwill

Goodwill	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Goodwill [Abstract]
Goodwill	Goodwill The following table represents goodwill by reportable operating segment as of October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022. Satellite and Space Communications Terrestrial and Wireless Networks Total Goodwill $ 173,602,000 174,090,000 $ 347,692,000 In accordance with FASB ASC 350, we perform a goodwill impairment analysis at least annually (in the first quarter of each fiscal year), unless indicators of impairment exist in interim periods. If we fail the quantitative assessment of goodwill impairment ("quantitative assessment"), we would be required to recognize an impairment loss equal to the amount that a reporting unit's carrying value exceeded its fair value; however, any loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. As discussed in Note (13) - "Segment Information, " as a result of our segment restructuring in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022 from the Commercial Solutions and Government Solutions segments to the Satellite and Space Communications and Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segments, we performed an interim quantitative assessment as of July 29, 2022 and estimated the fair value of each of our reporting units, both before and after the change, using a combination of the income and market approaches. We performed our quantitative assessment using market participant assumptions to determine if the fair value of each of our reporting units with goodwill exceeded its carrying value. In making this assessment, we considered, among other things, expectations of projected net sales and cash flows, assumptions impacting the weighted average cost of capital, trends in trading multiples of comparable companies, changes in our stock price and changes in the carrying values of our reporting units with goodwill. We also considered overall business conditions. The income approach, also known as the discounted cash flow ("DCF") method, utilizes the present value of cash flows to estimate fair value. The future cash flows for our reporting units were projected based on our estimates, at that time, of future revenues, operating income and other factors (such as working capital and capital expenditures). For purposes of conducting our impairment analysis, we assumed revenue growth rates and cash flow projections that are below our actual long-term expectations. The discount rates used in our DCF method were based on a weighted-average cost of capital ("WACC") determined from relevant market comparisons, adjusted upward for specific reporting unit risks (primarily the uncertainty of achieving projected operating cash flows). A terminal value growth rate was applied to the final year of the projected period, which reflects our estimate of stable, perpetual growth. We then calculated a present value of the respective cash flows for each reporting unit to arrive at an estimate of fair value under the income approach. Under the market approach, we estimated a fair value based on comparable companies' market multiples of revenues and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and factored in a control premium. Finally, we compared our estimates of fair values to our total public market capitalization and assessed implied control premiums based on our common stock price of $11.62 as of the date of testing. Ultimately, based on our quantitative evaluations, we determined that our Satellite and Space Communications and Terrestrial and Wireless Networks reporting units had estimated fair values in excess of their carrying values of at least 18.4% and 11.6%, respectively, and concluded that our goodwill was not impaired and that neither of our two reporting units was at risk of failing the quantitative assessment. Also, given its proximity to our next regularly scheduled annual goodwill impairment testing date, we utilized our July 29, 2022 interim quantitative assessment to conclude that our goodwill was not impaired and that neither of our two reporting units was at risk of failing the quantitative assessment as of August 1, 2022. Additionally, the carrying value of goodwill was reallocated to our new reporting units based on their respective estimated relative fair value. It is possible that, during the remainder of fiscal 2023 or beyond, business conditions (both in the U.S. and internationally) could deteriorate from the current state, our current or prospective customers could materially postpone, reduce or even forgo purchases of our products and services to a greater extent than we currently anticipate, or our common stock price could fluctuate. A significant decline in our customers' spending that is greater than we anticipate or a shift in funding priorities may also have a negative effect on future orders, sales, income and cash flows and we might be required to perform a quantitative assessment during fiscal 2023 or beyond. If assumed net sales and cash flow projections are not achieved in future periods or our common stock price significantly declines from current levels, our Satellite and Space Communications and Terrestrial and Wireless Networks reporting units could be at risk of failing the quantitative assessment and goodwill assigned to the respective reporting units could be impaired. In any event, we are required to perform the next annual goodwill impairment analysis on August 1, 2023 (the start of our fiscal 2024). If our assumptions and related estimates change in the future, or if we change our reporting unit structure or other events and circumstances change (e.g., a sustained decrease in the price of our common stock (considered on both absolute terms and relative to peers)), we may be required to record impairment charges when we perform these tests, or in other future periods. Any impairment charges that we may record in the future could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Intangible Assets	Intangible Assets Intangible assets with finite lives are as follows: October 31, 2022 Weighted Average Gross Carrying Accumulated Net Carrying Customer relationships 20.2 $ 302,058,000 111,071,000 $ 190,987,000 Technologies 14.8 114,949,000 77,017,000 37,932,000 Trademarks and other 16.7 32,926,000 19,891,000 13,035,000 Total $ 449,933,000 207,979,000 $ 241,954,000 July 31, 2022 Weighted Average Gross Carrying Accumulated Net Carrying Customer relationships 20.2 $ 302,058,000 107,500,000 $ 194,558,000 Technologies 14.8 114,949,000 75,798,000 39,151,000 Trademarks and other 16.7 32,926,000 19,332,000 13,594,000 Total $ 449,933,000 202,630,000 $ 247,303,000 The weighted average amortization period in the above table excludes fully amortized intangible assets. Amortization expense for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 was $5,349,000, respectively. The estimated amortization expense consists of the following for the fiscal years ending July 31: 2023 $ 21,556,000 2024 21,154,000 2025 21,039,000 2026 19,888,000 2027 18,534,000 We review net intangible assets with finite lives for impairment when an event occurs indicating the potential for impairment. Based on our last assessment, we believe that the carrying values of our net intangible assets were recoverable as of October 31, 2022. However, if business conditions deteriorate, we may be required to record impairment losses, and or increase the amortization of intangibles in the future. Any impairment charges that we may record in the future could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

Convertible Preferred Stock

Convertible Preferred Stock	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Temporary Equity Disclosure [Abstract]
Convertible Preferred Stock	Convertible Preferred StockOn October 18, 2021, we entered into a Subscription Agreement (the “Subscription Agreement”) with certain affiliates and related funds of White Hat Capital Partners LP and Magnetar Capital LLC (collectively, the “Investors”), relating to the issuance and sale of up to 125,000 shares of a new series of the Company's Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.10 per share (the “Convertible Preferred Stock”), for an aggregate purchase price of up to $125,000,000, or $1,000 per share. On October 19, 2021 (the “Initial Closing Date”), pursuant to the terms of the Subscription Agreement, the Investors purchased an aggregate of 100,000 shares of Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Initial Issuance”) for an aggregate purchase price of $100,000,000. The Investors have a one-time option exercisable at any time on or prior to March 31, 2023 to purchase additional shares of Convertible Preferred Stock for an aggregate purchase price of $25,000,000. This purchase option is commonly referred to as a “Green Shoe” and together with the Initial Issuance, is collectively referred to as the “Issuance.” The adjusted conversion price for the shares issued in the Initial Issuance is $23.97, and the adjusted conversion price for the Green Shoe is $31.21 subject to certain adjustments set forth in the Certificate of Designations filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The Convertible Preferred Stock ranks senior to the shares of our common stock, with respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets upon a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company. The Convertible Preferred Stock initially had a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share with each share entitled to a cumulative dividend (the “Dividend”) at the rate of 6.5% per annum, compounding quarterly, paid-in-kind or paid in cash, at our election. For any quarter in which we elect not to pay the Dividend in cash with respect to a share of Convertible Preferred Stock, such Dividend becomes part of the liquidation preference of such share. In addition, no dividend or other distribution on our common stock in excess of our $0.10 per share per quarter will be declared or paid on the common stock unless, at the time of such declaration and payment, an equivalent dividend or distribution is declared and paid on the Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Participating Dividend”), provided that in the case of any such dividend in the form of cash, in lieu of a cash payment, such Participating Dividend will become part of the liquidation preference of the shares of the Convertible Preferred Stock. Such Participating Dividend results in the Convertible Preferred Stock meeting the definition of a "participating security" for purposes of our earnings per share calculations. Effective September 29, 2022, the Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible into shares of common stock at the option of the holders. At any time after October 19, 2024, we have the right to mandate the conversion of the Convertible Preferred Stock, subject to certain restrictions, based on the price of the common stock in the preceding thirty trading days. Holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock are entitled to vote with the holders of the common stock on an as-converted basis, as well as are entitled to a separate class vote with respect to, among other things, amendments to our organizational documents that have an adverse effect on the Convertible Preferred Stock, authorizations or issuances of securities of the Company, the payment of dividends other than dividends on common stock in the ordinary course consistent with past practice on a quarterly basis in an amount not to exceed our current dividend rate of $0.10 per share per quarter, related party transactions, repurchases or redemptions of securities of the Company (other than the repurchase of up to $25,000,000 of shares of common stock), dispositions of businesses or assets, the incurrence of certain indebtedness and certain amendments or extensions of our existing Credit Facility. Holders will have the right to require the Company to repurchase such holder's Convertible Preferred Stock on a date occurring either (a) on or after October 19, 2026 (the “Optional Repurchase Trigger Date”) at a price equal to the liquidation preference or (b) in connection with a conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock, pursuant to which the number of shares of common stock issuable upon such conversion would exceed 19.99% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock as of October 18, 2021 (such excess shares, "Excess Conversion Shares"), at any time after the date that is 91 days after the maturity date of the Company's existing Credit Facility, at a price per share equal to the number of Excess Conversion Shares multiplied by the Last Reported Sales Price (as defined) of common stock on the applicable conversion date. In addition, each holder will have the right to cause the Company to repurchase its shares of Convertible Preferred Stock in connection with a Change of Control, at a price equal to the liquidation preference. We determined that our obligation to issue the Green Shoe at any time on or prior to March 31, 2023 meets the definition of a freestanding financial instrument that should be accounted for as a liability. As such, we established an initial convertible preferred stock purchase option liability of $1,005,000 and reduced the proceeds from the Initial Issuance by such amount. The liability will be remeasured to its estimated fair value each reporting period until such instrument is exercised or expires. Changes in its estimated fair value are recognized as a non-cash charge or benefit and presented on the condensed consolidated statement of operations. In accordance with ASC 480, " Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity ," specifically ASC 480-10-S99-3A(2), SEC Staff Announcement: Classification and Measurement of Redeemable Securities , we have classified the Convertible Preferred Stock outside of permanent equity as temporary equity since the redemption of such shares is not solely within our control and we could be required by the holder to redeem the shares for cash or other assets, at their option. Upon the Initial Issuance, we recorded the Convertible Preferred Stock, net of issuance costs of $4,007,000 and net of the portion of such proceeds allocated to the convertible preferred stock purchase option liability described above, which resulted in an initial carrying value of the Convertible Preferred Stock less than its initial redemption value of $100,000,000. We have elected to adjust the carrying value of the Convertible Preferred Stock to its current redemption value of $106,914,000, which includes $6,338,000 of cumulative dividends paid in kind and $576,000 of accumulated and unpaid dividends. As such, a total adjustment of $1,710,000 to increase the carrying value of the Convertible Preferred Stock was recorded against retained earnings during the three months ended October 31, 2022.

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	Stockholders’ Equity Shelf Registration On July 13, 2022, we filed a $200,000,000 shelf registration statement with the SEC for the sale of various types of securities, including debt. The shelf registration was declared effective by the SEC as of July 25, 2022. To-date, we have not issued any securities pursuant to our $200,000,000 shelf registration statement. Common Stock Repurchase Program On September 29, 2020, our Board of Directors authorized a new $100,000,000 stock repurchase program, which replaced our prior program. The new $100,000,000 stock repurchase program has no time restrictions and repurchases may be made from time to time in open-market or privately negotiated transactions, or by other means in accordance with federal securities laws. There were no repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended October 31, 2022 or 2021. Common Stock Dividends Since September 2010, we have paid quarterly dividends pursuant to an annual targeted dividend amount that was established by our Board of Directors. On September 29, 2022, our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.10 per common share, which was paid on November 18, 2022. On December 8, 2022, our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.10 per common share, payable on February 17, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on January 18, 2023. Future dividends remain subject to compliance with financial covenants under our Amended Credit Facility, as well as Board approval and certain voting rights of holders of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.

Legal Proceedings and Other Mat

Legal Proceedings and Other Matters	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Legal Proceedings and Other Matters	Legal Proceedings and Other Matters Other Matters In the ordinary course of business, we include indemnification provisions in certain of our customer contracts to indemnify, hold harmless and reimburse such customers for certain losses, including but not limited to losses related to third-party claims of intellectual property infringement arising from the customer’s use of our products or services. We may also, from time to time, receive indemnification requests from customers related to third-party claims that 911 calls were improperly routed during an emergency. We evaluate such claims as and when they arise. We do not always agree with customers that they are entitled to indemnification and in such cases reject their claims. Despite maintaining that we have properly carried out our duties, we may seek coverage under our various insurance policies; however, we cannot be sure that we will be able to maintain or obtain insurance coverage at acceptable costs or in sufficient amounts or that our insurer will not disclaim coverage as to such claims. Accordingly, pending or future claims asserted against us by a party that we agree to indemnify could result in legal costs and damages that could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition. There are certain other pending and threatened legal actions which arise in the normal course of business. Although the ultimate outcome of litigation is difficult to accurately predict, we believe that the outcome of these other pending and threatened actions will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations. Employment Change of Control and Indemnification Agreements On August 9, 2022, our Board of Directors appointed our Chairman of the Board, Ken Peterman, as President and CEO, and the Company entered an employment agreement with Mr. Peterman generally providing for an annual salary, bonus award, sign-on bonus, equity incentive awards and, under certain termination of employment, severance payment. We have also entered into change of control agreements with certain of our executive officers and certain key employees. All of these agreements may require payments by us, in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, a change in control of our Company or termination of the employee.

General (Policy)

General (Policy)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Principles of Consolidation	The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and its subsidiaries ("Comtech," "we," "us," or "our") as of and for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 are unaudited. In the opinion of management, the information furnished reflects all material adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the unaudited interim periods. Our results of operations for such periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the full fiscal year. The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reported period. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Our condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2022 and the notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, and all of our other filings with the SEC.
Adoption of Accounting Standards and Updates	Adoption of Accounting Standards and UpdatesWe are required to prepare our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") which is the source for all authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, which are commonly referred to as "GAAP." The FASB ASC is subject to updates by the FASB, which are known as Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs"). ASUs issued, but not effective until after October 31, 2022, are not expected to have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition In accordance with FASB ASC 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), we record revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for goods or services promised to customers. Under ASC 606, we follow a five-step model to: (1) identify the contract with our customer; (2) identify our performance obligations in our contract; (3) determine the transaction price for our contract; (4) allocate the transaction price to our performance obligations; and (5) recognize revenue using one of the following two methods: • Over time - We recognize revenue using the over time method when there is a continuous transfer of control to the customer over the contractual period of performance. This generally occurs when we enter into a long-term contract relating to the design, development or manufacture of complex equipment or technology platforms to a buyer’s specification (or to provide services related to the performance of such contracts). Continuous transfer of control is typically supported by contract clauses which allow our customers to unilaterally terminate a contract for convenience, pay for costs incurred plus a reasonable profit and take control of work-in-process. Revenue recognized over time is generally based on the extent of progress toward completion of the related performance obligations. The selection of the method to measure progress requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services provided. In certain instances, typically for firm fixed-price contracts, we use the cost-to-cost measure because it best depicts the transfer of control to the customer which occurs as we incur costs on our contracts. Under the cost-to-cost measure, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion, including warranty costs. Revenues, including estimated fees or profits, are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. Costs to fulfill generally include direct labor, materials, subcontractor costs, other direct costs and an allocation of indirect costs. When these contracts are modified, the additional goods or services are generally not distinct from those already provided. As a result, these modifications form part of an existing contract and we must update the transaction price and our measure of progress for the single performance obligation and recognize a cumulative catch-up to revenue and gross profits. For over time contracts using a cost-to-cost measure of progress, we have an estimate at completion ("EAC") process in which management reviews the progress and execution of our performance obligations. This EAC process requires management judgment relative to assessing risks, estimating contract revenue and costs, and making assumptions for schedule and technical issues. Since certain contracts extend over a long period of time, the impact of revisions in revenue and or cost estimates during the progress of work may impact current period earnings through a cumulative adjustment. Additionally, if the EAC process indicates a loss, a provision is made for the total anticipated loss in the period that it becomes evident. Contract revenue and cost estimates for significant contracts are generally reviewed and reassessed at least quarterly. The cost-to-cost method is principally used to account for contracts in our Satellite and Space Communications segment and, to a lesser extent, certain location-based and messaging infrastructure contracts in our public safety and location technologies product line within our Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segment. For service-based contracts in our Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segment, we also recognize revenue over time. These services are typically recognized as a series of services performed over the contract term using the straight-line method, or based on our customers’ actual usage of the networks and platforms which we provide. • Point in time - When a performance obligation is not satisfied over time, we must record revenue using the point in time accounting method which generally results in revenue being recognized upon shipment or delivery of a promised good or service to a customer. This generally occurs when we enter into short term contracts or purchase orders where items are provided to customers with relatively quick turn-around times. Modifications to such contracts and or purchase orders, which typically provide for additional quantities or services, are accounted for as a new contract because the pricing for these additional quantities or services are based on standalone selling prices. Point in time accounting is principally applied to contracts in our satellite ground station technologies product line (which includes satellite modems, solid-state and traveling wave tube amplifiers) and certain contracts for our solid-state, high-power RF amplifiers. The contracts related to these product lines do not meet the requirements for over time revenue recognition because our customers cannot utilize the equipment for its intended purpose during any phase of our manufacturing process; customers do not simultaneously receive and or consume the benefits provided by our performance; customers do not control the asset (i.e., prior to delivery, customers cannot direct the use of the asset, sell or exchange the equipment, etc.); and, although many of our contracts have termination for convenience clauses and or an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, our performance creates an asset with an alternative use through the point of delivery. In determining that our equipment has alternative use, we considered the underlying manufacturing process for our products. In the early phases of manufacturing, raw materials and work in process (including subassemblies) consist of common parts that are highly fungible among many different types of products and customer applications. Finished products are either configured to our standard configuration or based on our customers’ specifications. Finished products, whether built to our standard specification or to a customers’ specification, can be sold to a variety of customers and across many different end use applications with minimal rework, if needed, and without incurring a significant economic loss. When identifying a contract with our customer, we consider when it has approval and commitment from both parties, if the rights of the parties are identified, if the payment terms are identified, if it has commercial substance and if collectability is probable. When identifying performance obligations, we consider whether there are multiple promises and how to account for them. In our contracts, multiple promises are separated if they are distinct, both individually and in the context of the contract. If multiple promises in a contract are highly interrelated or comprise a series of distinct services performed over time, they are combined into a single performance obligation. In some cases, we may also provide the customer with an additional service-type warranty, which we recognize as a separate performance obligation. Service-type warranties do not represent a significant portion of our consolidated net sales. When service-type warranties represent a separate performance obligation, the revenue is deferred and recognized ratably over the extended warranty period. Our contracts, from time-to-time, may also include options for additional goods and services. To date, these options have not represented material rights to the customer as the pricing for them reflects standalone selling prices. As a result, we do not consider options we offer to be performance obligations for which we must allocate a portion of the transaction price. In many cases, we provide assurance-type warranty coverage for some of our products for a period of at least one year from the date of delivery. When identifying the transaction price, we typically utilize the contract's stated price as a starting point. The transaction price in certain arrangements may include estimated amounts of variable consideration, including award fees, incentive fees or other provisions that can either increase or decrease the transaction price. We estimate variable consideration as the amount to which we expect to be entitled, and we include estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the estimation uncertainty is resolved. The estimation of this variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (e.g., historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. When allocating the contract’s transaction price, we consider each distinct performance obligation. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation using our best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. We determine standalone selling price based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the standalone selling price is not observable through past transactions, we estimate the standalone selling price taking into account available information such as market conditions, including geographic or regional specific factors, competitive positioning, internal costs, profit objectives and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations. The timing of revenue recognition, billings and collections results in receivables, unbilled receivables and contract liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Under typical payment terms for our contracts accounted for over time, amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, either at periodic intervals (e.g., monthly) or upon achievement of contractual milestones. For certain contracts with provisions that are intended to protect customers in the event we do not satisfy our performance obligations, billings occur subsequent to revenue recognition, resulting in unbilled receivables. Under ASC 606, unbilled receivables constitute contract assets. There were no material impairment losses recognized on contract assets during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. On large long-term contracts, and for contracts with international customers that do not do business with us regularly, payment terms typically require advanced payments and deposits. Under ASC 606, payments received from customers in excess of revenue recognized to-date results in a contract liability. These contract liabilities are not considered to represent a significant financing component of the contract because we believe these cash advances and deposits are generally used to meet working capital demands which can be higher in the earlier stages of a contract. Also, advanced payments and deposits provide us with some measure of assurance that the customer will perform on its obligations under the contract. Under the typical payment terms for our contracts accounted for at a point in time, costs are accumulated in inventory until the time of billing, which generally coincides with revenue recognition. Of the contract liability balance at July 31, 2022 and July 31, 2021, $21,628,000 and $24,973,000 was recognized as revenue during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We recognize the incremental costs to obtain or fulfill a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset is one year or less; otherwise, such costs are capitalized and amortized over the estimated life of the contract. During the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, incremental costs to obtain or fulfill contracts with an amortization period greater than one year were not material. As commissions payable to our internal sales and marketing employees or contractors are contingent upon multiple factors, such commissions are not considered direct costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer and are expensed as incurred in selling, general and administrative expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. As for commissions payable to our third-party sales representatives related to long-term contracts, we do consider these types of commissions both direct and incremental costs to obtain and fulfill such contracts. Therefore, such types of commissions are included in total estimated costs at completion for such contracts and expensed over time through cost of sales on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments	Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments Using the fair value hierarchy described in FASB ASC 820 " Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures," we valued our cash and cash equivalents using Level 1 inputs that were based on quoted market prices. We believe that the carrying amounts of our other current financial assets (such as accounts receivable) and other current liabilities (including accounts payable and accrued expenses) approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The fair value of our Credit Facility that we entered into on October 31, 2018 approximates its carrying amount due to its variable interest rate and pricing grid that is dependent upon our leverage ratio as of the end of each fiscal quarter. See Note (9) - "Credit Facility - Subsequent Event" for more information. As of October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022, other than the financial instruments discussed above, we had no other significant assets or liabilities included in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets recorded at fair value, as such term is defined by FASB ASC 820.
Earnings Per Share	Earnings Per Share Our basic earnings per share ("EPS") is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares (including vested but unissued stock units, share units, performance shares and restricted stock units ("RSUs")) outstanding during each respective period. Our diluted EPS reflects the dilution from potential common stock issuable pursuant to the exercise of equity-classified stock-based awards, settlement of escrow arrangements related to our acquisition of UHP Networks Inc. ("UHP") and the assumed conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock, if dilutive, outstanding during each respective period. Pursuant to FASB ASC 260 " Earnings Per Share,

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

Revenue Recognition (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Sale by geography and customer type	Sales by geography and customer type, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, are as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 United States U.S. government 32.1 % 30.1 % Domestic 46.7 % 48.5 % Total United States 78.8 % 78.6 % International 21.2 % 21.4 % Total 100.0 % 100.0 %
Disaggregation of revenue	The following tables summarize our disaggregation of revenue consistent with information reviewed by our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") for the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021. We believe these categories best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors which impact our business: Three months ended October 31, 2022 Satellite and Space Communications Terrestrial and Wireless Networks Total Geographical region and customer type U.S. government $ 41,013,000 1,038,000 $ 42,051,000 Domestic 15,244,000 46,011,000 61,255,000 Total United States 56,257,000 47,049,000 103,306,000 International 24,616,000 3,217,000 27,833,000 Total $ 80,873,000 50,266,000 $ 131,139,000 Contract type Firm fixed-price $ 69,875,000 50,266,000 $ 120,141,000 Cost reimbursable 10,998,000 — 10,998,000 Total $ 80,873,000 50,266,000 $ 131,139,000 Transfer of control Point in time $ 55,000,000 84,000 $ 55,084,000 Over time 25,873,000 50,182,000 76,055,000 Total $ 80,873,000 50,266,000 $ 131,139,000 Three months ended October 31, 2021 Satellite and Space Communications Terrestrial and Wireless Networks Total Geographical region and customer type U.S. government $ 33,897,000 1,272,000 $ 35,169,000 Domestic 10,787,000 45,768,000 56,555,000 Total United States 44,684,000 47,040,000 91,724,000 International 19,876,000 5,159,000 25,035,000 Total $ 64,560,000 52,199,000 $ 116,759,000 Contract type Firm fixed-price $ 56,903,000 52,199,000 $ 109,102,000 Cost reimbursable 7,657,000 — 7,657,000 Total $ 64,560,000 52,199,000 $ 116,759,000 Transfer of control Point in time $ 40,616,000 147,000 $ 40,763,000 Over time 23,944,000 52,052,000 75,996,000 Total $ 64,560,000 52,199,000 $ 116,759,000

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

Earnings Per Share (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of numerators and denominators used in basic and diluted EPS calculations	The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators used in the basic and diluted EPS calculations: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Numerator: Net loss $ (11,096,000) (5,984,000) Convertible preferred stock issuance costs — (4,007,000) Establishment of initial convertible preferred stock purchase option liability — (1,005,000) Dividend on convertible preferred stock (1,710,000) (235,000) Net loss attributable to common stockholders $ (12,806,000) (11,231,000) Denominator: Denominator for basic and diluted calculation 27,830,000 26,426,000

Accounts Receivable (Tables)

Accounts Receivable (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]
Accounts receivable	Accounts receivable consist of the following at: October 31, 2022 July 31, 2022 Receivables from commercial and international customers $ 58,863,000 59,922,000 Unbilled receivables from commercial and international customers 45,109,000 39,826,000 Receivables from the U.S. government and its agencies 22,427,000 24,776,000 Unbilled receivables from the U.S. government and its agencies 4,948,000 1,524,000 Total accounts receivable 131,347,000 126,048,000 Less allowance for doubtful accounts 2,560,000 2,337,000 Accounts receivable, net $ 128,787,000 123,711,000

Inventories (Tables)

Inventories (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Inventories	Inventories consist of the following at: October 31, 2022 July 31, 2022 Raw materials and components $ 81,288,000 78,478,000 Work-in-process and finished goods 42,363,000 40,960,000 Total inventories 123,651,000 119,438,000 Less reserve for excess and obsolete inventories 23,903,000 23,121,000 Inventories, net $ 99,748,000 96,317,000

Accrued Expenses and Other Cu_2

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following at: October 31, 2022 July 31, 2022 Accrued wages and benefits $ 26,282,000 25,675,000 Accrued warranty obligations 9,394,000 9,420,000 Accrued contract costs 17,149,000 15,921,000 Accrued commissions and royalties 6,393,000 5,697,000 Accrued legal costs 2,724,000 2,514,000 Other 13,499,000 13,435,000 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 75,441,000 72,662,000
Product warranty rollforward	Changes in our accrued warranty obligations during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of period $ 9,420,000 17,600,000 Provision for warranty obligations 409,000 271,000 Charges incurred (435,000) (982,000) Balance at end of period $ 9,394,000 16,889,000

Leases (Tables)

Leases (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Components of lease expense and additional information	The components of lease expense are as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Finance lease expense: Amortization of ROU assets $ 3,000 4,000 Interest on lease liabilities — — Operating lease expense 2,837,000 2,924,000 Short-term lease expense 101,000 94,000 Variable lease expense 1,087,000 1,176,000 Sublease income (17,000) (17,000) Total lease expense $ 4,011,000 4,181,000 Additional information related to leases is as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating leases - Operating cash outflows $ 2,906,000 $ 2,828,000 Finance leases - Financing cash outflows 3,000 6,000 ROU assets obtained in the exchange for lease liabilities (non-cash): Operating leases $ 2,573,000 $ 6,667,000
Future cash flows relating to operating lease liabilities	The following table is a reconciliation of future cash flows relating to operating and financing lease liabilities presented on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2022: Operating Finance Total Remainder of fiscal 2023 $ 7,266,000 2,000 $ 7,268,000 Fiscal 2024 9,162,000 — 9,162,000 Fiscal 2025 8,553,000 — 8,553,000 Fiscal 2026 7,144,000 — 7,144,000 Fiscal 2027 5,107,000 — 5,107,000 Thereafter 25,811,000 — 25,811,000 Total future undiscounted cash flows 63,043,000 2,000 63,045,000 Less: Present value discount 10,426,000 — 10,426,000 Lease liabilities $ 52,617,000 2,000 $ 52,619,000 Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years) 8.59 0.38 Weighted-average discount rate 3.42% 6.27%
Future minimum lease payments for finance lease liabilities	The following table is a reconciliation of future cash flows relating to operating and financing lease liabilities presented on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2022: Operating Finance Total Remainder of fiscal 2023 $ 7,266,000 2,000 $ 7,268,000 Fiscal 2024 9,162,000 — 9,162,000 Fiscal 2025 8,553,000 — 8,553,000 Fiscal 2026 7,144,000 — 7,144,000 Fiscal 2027 5,107,000 — 5,107,000 Thereafter 25,811,000 — 25,811,000 Total future undiscounted cash flows 63,043,000 2,000 63,045,000 Less: Present value discount 10,426,000 — 10,426,000 Lease liabilities $ 52,617,000 2,000 $ 52,619,000 Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years) 8.59 0.38 Weighted-average discount rate 3.42% 6.27%

Stock-Based Compensation (Table

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Summary of stock-based awards outstanding by award type	As of October 31, 2022, the following stock-based awards, by award type, were outstanding: October 31, 2022 Stock options 474,020 Performance shares 665,586 RSUs, restricted stock and share units 936,382 Total 2,075,988
Stock-based compensation for awards detailing where recorded in Consolidated Statement of Operations	Stock-based compensation for awards issued is reflected in the following line items in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Cost of sales $ 158,000 73,000 Selling, general and administrative expenses 648,000 772,000 Research and development expenses 98,000 76,000 Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs 904,000 921,000 CEO transition costs related to equity-classified stock-based awards 3,764,000 — Total stock-based compensation expense before income tax benefit 4,668,000 921,000 Estimated income tax benefit (493,000) (193,000) Net stock-based compensation expense $ 4,175,000 728,000
Summary of stock-based compensation expense by award type	Stock-based compensation expense, by award type, is summarized as follows: Three months ended October 31, 2022 2021 Stock options $ 25,000 78,000 Performance shares 74,000 349,000 RSUs, restricted stock and share units 774,000 439,000 ESPP 31,000 55,000 Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs 904,000 921,000 CEO transition costs related to equity-classified stock-based awards 3,764,000 — Total stock-based compensation expense before income tax benefit 4,668,000 921,000 Estimated income tax benefit (493,000) (193,000) Net stock-based compensation expense $ 4,175,000 728,000
Summary of the Plan's activity relating to stock options	The following table summarizes the Plan’s activity: Awards Weighted Average Weighted Average Aggregate Outstanding at July 31, 2022 483,480 $ 24.43 Expired/canceled (9,460) 26.55 Outstanding at October 31, 2022 474,020 $ 24.38 2.70 $ — Exercisable at October 31, 2022 428,900 $ 25.07 2.19 $ — Vested and expected to vest at October 31, 2022 471,742 $ 24.42 2.67 $ —
Summary of the Plan's activity relating to performance shares, RSUs, restricted stock and share units	The following table summarizes the Plan’s activity relating to performance shares, RSUs, restricted stock and share units: Awards Weighted Average Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding at July 31, 2022 1,110,750 $ 19.05 Granted 785,092 11.13 Settled (256,069) 24.55 Canceled/Forfeited (37,805) 16.44 Outstanding at October 31, 2022 1,601,968 $ 14.35 $ 17,702,000 Vested at October 31, 2022 532,533 $ 15.68 $ 5,884,000 Vested and expected to vest at October 31, 2022 1,547,797 $ 14.33 $ 17,103,000

Segment Information (Tables)

Segment Information (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment Information	Operating segment information, along with a reconciliation of segment net income (loss) and consolidated net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA is presented in the tables below: Three months ended October 31, 2022 Satellite and Space Communications Terrestrial and Wireless Networks Unallocated Total Net sales $ 80,873,000 50,266,000 — $ 131,139,000 Operating income (loss) $ 5,016,000 744,000 (15,484,000) $ (9,724,000) Net income (loss) $ 5,815,000 605,000 (17,516,000) $ (11,096,000) Benefit from income taxes (222,000) (165,000) (221,000) (608,000) Interest (income) and other (575,000) 304,000 16,000 (255,000) Interest expense (2,000) — 2,237,000 2,235,000 Amortization of stock-based compensation — — 904,000 904,000 Amortization of intangibles 1,828,000 3,521,000 — 5,349,000 Depreciation 1,020,000 1,737,000 41,000 2,798,000 Amortization of cost to fulfill assets 240,000 — — 240,000 CEO transition costs — — 9,090,000 9,090,000 Restructuring costs 1,056,000 — 269,000 1,325,000 Strategic emerging technology costs 746,000 — — 746,000 Adjusted EBITDA $ 9,906,000 6,002,000 (5,180,000) $ 10,728,000 Purchases of property, plant and equipment $ 4,435,000 2,542,000 244,000 $ 7,221,000 Total assets at October 31, 2022 $ 486,636,000 467,594,000 23,595,000 $ 977,825,000 Three months ended October 31, 2021 Satellite and Space Communications Terrestrial and Wireless Networks Unallocated Total Net sales $ 64,560,000 52,199,000 $ 116,759,000 Operating (loss) income $ (5,313,000) 6,102,000 (7,304,000) $ (6,515,000) Net (loss) income $ (5,074,000) 5,978,000 (6,888,000) $ (5,984,000) (Benefit from) provision for income taxes (599,000) 141,000 (1,595,000) (2,053,000) Interest (income) and other 247,000 (18,000) (10,000) 219,000 Change in fair value of convertible preferred stock purchase — — (304,000) (304,000) Interest expense 114,000 — 1,493,000 1,607,000 Amortization of stock-based compensation — — 921,000 921,000 Amortization of intangibles 1,828,000 3,521,000 — 5,349,000 Depreciation 825,000 1,364,000 52,000 2,241,000 Proxy solicitation costs — — 2,162,000 2,162,000 Restructuring costs 712,000 — — 712,000 COVID-19 related costs 674,000 — — 674,000 Adjusted EBITDA $ (1,273,000) 10,986,000 (4,169,000) $ 5,544,000 Purchases of property, plant and equipment $ 1,037,000 2,601,000 — $ 3,638,000 Total assets at October 31, 2021 $ 485,087,000 471,858,000 26,044,000 $ 982,989,000

Goodwill (Tables)

Goodwill (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Goodwill [Abstract]
Schedule of goodwill by segment	The following table represents goodwill by reportable operating segment as of October 31, 2022 and July 31, 2022. Satellite and Space Communications Terrestrial and Wireless Networks Total Goodwill $ 173,602,000 174,090,000 $ 347,692,000

Intangible Assets (Tables)

Intangible Assets (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Intangible assets with finite lives	Intangible assets with finite lives are as follows: October 31, 2022 Weighted Average Gross Carrying Accumulated Net Carrying Customer relationships 20.2 $ 302,058,000 111,071,000 $ 190,987,000 Technologies 14.8 114,949,000 77,017,000 37,932,000 Trademarks and other 16.7 32,926,000 19,891,000 13,035,000 Total $ 449,933,000 207,979,000 $ 241,954,000 July 31, 2022 Weighted Average Gross Carrying Accumulated Net Carrying Customer relationships 20.2 $ 302,058,000 107,500,000 $ 194,558,000 Technologies 14.8 114,949,000 75,798,000 39,151,000 Trademarks and other 16.7 32,926,000 19,332,000 13,594,000 Total $ 449,933,000 202,630,000 $ 247,303,000
Estimated amortization expense	The estimated amortization expense consists of the following for the fiscal years ending July 31: 2023 $ 21,556,000 2024 21,154,000 2025 21,039,000 2026 19,888,000 2027 18,534,000

General (Details)

General (Details) - USD ($)		3 Months Ended
	Aug. 09, 2022	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Transition costs		$ 9,090,000	$ 0
CEO transition costs related to equity-classified stock-based awards		$ 3,764,000	$ 0
Former CEO
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Transition costs	$ 7,424,000
CEO transition costs related to equity-classified stock-based awards	3,764,000
Severance costs	3,660,000
Cash portion of transition costs	3,660,000
President and CEO
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Cash sign-on bonus	$ 1,000,000

Revenue Recognition (Sales by G

Revenue Recognition (Sales by Geography and Customer Type) (Details) - Net sales	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
Geographic Concentration Risk
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	100%	100%
Geographic Concentration Risk | U.S. government
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	32.10%	30.10%
Geographic Concentration Risk | Domestic
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	46.70%	48.50%
Geographic Concentration Risk | Total United States
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	78.80%	78.60%
Geographic Concentration Risk | International
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	21.20%	21.40%
Customer Concentration Risk | Verizon Communications Inc.
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	12.50%	11.70%

Revenue Recognition (Disaggrega

Revenue Recognition (Disaggregation of Revenue) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 131,139,000	$ 116,759,000
Point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	55,084,000	40,763,000
Over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	76,055,000	75,996,000
Firm fixed-price
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	120,141,000	109,102,000
Cost reimbursable
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	10,998,000	7,657,000
U.S. government
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	42,051,000	35,169,000
Domestic
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	61,255,000	56,555,000
Total United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	103,306,000	91,724,000
International
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	27,833,000	25,035,000
Satellite and Space Communications
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	80,873,000	64,560,000
Satellite and Space Communications | Point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	55,000,000	40,616,000
Satellite and Space Communications | Over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	25,873,000	23,944,000
Satellite and Space Communications | Firm fixed-price
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	69,875,000	56,903,000
Satellite and Space Communications | Cost reimbursable
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	10,998,000	7,657,000
Satellite and Space Communications | U.S. government
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	41,013,000	33,897,000
Satellite and Space Communications | Domestic
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	15,244,000	10,787,000
Satellite and Space Communications | Total United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	56,257,000	44,684,000
Satellite and Space Communications | International
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	24,616,000	19,876,000
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	50,266,000	52,199,000
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks | Point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	84,000	147,000
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks | Over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	50,182,000	52,052,000
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks | Firm fixed-price
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	50,266,000	52,199,000
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks | Cost reimbursable
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	0	0
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks | U.S. government
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	1,038,000	1,272,000
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks | Domestic
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	46,011,000	45,768,000
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks | Total United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	47,049,000	47,040,000
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks | International
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 3,217,000	$ 5,159,000

Revenue Recognition (Narrative)

Revenue Recognition (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue recognized	$ 21,628,000	$ 24,973,000

Revenue Recognition (Remaining

Revenue Recognition (Remaining Performance Obligations) (Details) - Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2022-11-01	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligations, amount	$ 668,159,000
Remaining performance obligations, period	24 months

Earnings Per Share (Details)

Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Reduction in weighted average shares as a result of the repurchase of common shares (in shares)	0	0
Weighted average performance shares outstanding during the period that are excluded from EPS calculation	383,000	239,000
Numerator:
Net loss	$ (11,096,000)	$ (5,984,000)
Convertible preferred stock issuance costs	0	(4,007,000)
Establishment of initial convertible preferred stock purchase option liability	0	(1,005,000)
Dividend on convertible preferred stock	(1,710,000)	(235,000)
Numerator for diluted calculation	$ (12,806,000)	$ (11,231,000)
Denominator:
Denominator for basic calculation (in shares)	27,830,000	26,426,000
Denominator for diluted calculation (in shares)	27,830,000	26,426,000
Stock-based Awards
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive equity-classified stock-based awards not included in calculation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	1,169,000	1,525,000
Common Shares Related to Business Acquisition
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive equity-classified stock-based awards not included in calculation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	324,000	340,000
Common Shares Related to Conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive equity-classified stock-based awards not included in calculation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	4,460,000	577,000

Accounts Receivable (Details)

Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2022
Statement [Line Items]
Total accounts receivable	$ 131,347,000	$ 126,048,000
Less allowance for doubtful accounts	2,560,000	2,337,000
Accounts receivable, net	$ 128,787,000	$ 123,711,000
Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk | U.S. government
Statement [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	20.80%	20.90%
Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk | Verizon
Statement [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	18.30%	13.40%
Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk | AT&T, Inc.
Statement [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	11.30%
Billed Receivables | Commercial and International Customers
Statement [Line Items]
Total accounts receivable	$ 58,863,000	$ 59,922,000
Billed Receivables | U.S. Government and Its Agencies
Statement [Line Items]
Total accounts receivable	22,427,000	24,776,000
Unbilled Receivables | Commercial and International Customers
Statement [Line Items]
Total accounts receivable	45,109,000	39,826,000
Unbilled Receivables | U.S. Government and Its Agencies
Statement [Line Items]
Total accounts receivable	$ 4,948,000	$ 1,524,000

Inventories (Details)

Inventories (Details) - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2022
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Raw materials and components	$ 81,288,000	$ 78,478,000
Work-in-process and finished goods	42,363,000	40,960,000
Total inventories	123,651,000	119,438,000
Less reserve for excess and obsolete inventories	23,903,000	23,121,000
Inventories, net	99,748,000	96,317,000
Inventory directly related to long-term contracts	4,537,000	4,100,000
Inventory related to contracts from third party commercial customers who outsource their manufacturing to us	$ 2,039,000	$ 1,866,000

Accrued Expenses and Other Cu_3

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Components) (Details) - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021	Jul. 31, 2021
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued wages and benefits	$ 26,282,000	$ 25,675,000
Accrued warranty obligations	9,394,000	9,420,000	$ 16,889,000	$ 17,600,000
Accrued contract costs	17,149,000	15,921,000
Accrued commissions and royalties	6,393,000	5,697,000
Accrued legal costs	2,724,000	2,514,000
Other	13,499,000	13,435,000
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$ 75,441,000	$ 72,662,000

Accrued Expenses and Other Cu_4

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Narrative) (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Minimum coverage period of product warranty from the date of shipment	1 year

Accrued Expenses and Other Cu_5

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Product Warranty Rollforward) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
Changes in Product Warranty Liability
Balance at beginning of period	$ 9,420,000	$ 17,600,000
Provision for warranty obligations	409,000	271,000
Charges incurred	(435,000)	(982,000)
Balance at end of period	$ 9,394,000	$ 16,889,000

Credit Facility (Details)

Credit Facility (Details)				3 Months Ended					6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Nov. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Nov. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2023	Apr. 30, 2023	Jan. 31, 2023	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2024
Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Accordion feature							$ 250,000,000
Credit facility amount outstanding							148,700,000
Outstanding standby letters of credit at period end							519,000
Outstanding balance during period, minimum							130,000,000
Outstanding balance during period, maximum							155,500,000
Debt issuance costs, net							811,000
Interest expense related to credit facility							$ 2,240,000	$ 1,493,000
Weighted average interest rate							5.85%	2.94%
Actual secured leverage ratio							3.49
Maximum secured leverage ratio							3.75
Actual interest expense coverage ratio							8.79
Minimum interest expense coverage ratio							3.25
Amended Credit Facility | Forecast
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Scheduled principal payments	$ 5,000,000	$ 2,500,000
Maximum total leverage ratio				3.75	4	4.25			3.50
Amended Credit Facility | Subsequent Event
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Accordion feature			$ 100,000,000
Minimum interest expense coverage ratio			3.25
Triggering event debt issuance amount			$ 5,000,000
Triggering event period			91 days
Minimum liquidity			$ 25,000,000
Amended Credit Facility | Federal Funds Effective Swap Rate | Subsequent Event | Debt Terms One
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate			0.50%
Amended Credit Facility | Adjusted LIBO Rate | Subsequent Event | Debt Terms Two
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate			1%
Secured Credit Facility | Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity							$ 550,000,000
Secured Credit Facility | Amended Credit Facility | Subsequent Event
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity			$ 300,000,000
Revolving Loan Facility | Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity							300,000,000
Revolving Loan Facility | Amended Credit Facility | Subsequent Event
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity			150,000,000
Letter of Credit | Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity							35,000,000
Letter of Credit | Amended Credit Facility | Subsequent Event
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity			20,000,000
Swingline Loan | Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity							25,000,000
Swingline Loan | Amended Credit Facility | Subsequent Event
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity			15,000,000
Commercial Letter of Credit
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Outstanding standby letters of credit at period end							$ 0
Term Loan A | Amended Credit Facility | Subsequent Event
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity			$ 50,000,000

Leases (Lease Cost and Addition

Leases (Lease Cost and Additional Information) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
Leases [Abstract]
Amortization of ROU assets	$ 3,000	$ 4,000
Interest on lease liabilities	0	0
Operating lease expense	2,837,000	2,924,000
Short-term lease expense	101,000	94,000
Variable lease expense	1,087,000	1,176,000
Sublease income	(17,000)	(17,000)
Total lease expense	4,011,000	4,181,000
Operating leases - Operating cash outflows	2,906,000	2,828,000
Finance leases - Financing cash outflows	3,000	6,000
ROU assets obtained in the exchange for lease liabilities (non-cash): operating leases	$ 2,573,000	$ 6,667,000

Leases (Lease Liabilities) (Det

Leases (Lease Liabilities) (Details)	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Operating
Remainder of fiscal 2023	$ 7,266,000
Fiscal 2024	9,162,000
Fiscal 2025	8,553,000
Fiscal 2026	7,144,000
Fiscal 2027	5,107,000
Thereafter	25,811,000
Total future undiscounted cash flows	63,043,000
Less: Present value discount	10,426,000
Lease liabilities	$ 52,617,000
Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years)	8 years 7 months 2 days
Weighted-average discount rate	3.42%
Finance
Remainder of fiscal 2023	$ 2,000
Fiscal 2024	0
Fiscal 2025	0
Fiscal 2026	0
Fiscal 2027	0
Thereafter	0
Total future undiscounted cash flows	2,000
Less: Present value discount	0
Lease liabilities	$ 2,000
Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years)	4 months 17 days
Weighted-average discount rate	6.27%
Total
Remainder of fiscal 2023	$ 7,268,000
Fiscal 2024	9,162,000
Fiscal 2025	8,553,000
Fiscal 2026	7,144,000
Fiscal 2027	5,107,000
Thereafter	25,811,000
Total future undiscounted cash flows	63,045,000
Less: Present value discount	10,426,000
Lease liabilities	$ 52,619,000

Leases (Narrative) (Details)

Leases (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Rent	$ 7,266,000
Executive Chairman
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Related party lease payments made	171,000	$ 166,000
Rent	$ 685,000

Income Taxes (Details)

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2022
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Unrecognized tax benefits, including interest	$ 10,254,000	$ 10,008,000
Interest accrued relating to income taxes	377,000	330,000
Unrecognized tax benefits that would positively impact our effective tax rate, if recognized	9,228,000	9,034,000
Non-current income taxes payable
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Unrecognized tax benefits, including interest	3,236,000	3,007,000
Non-current deferred tax assets
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Unrecognized tax benefits, including interest	$ 7,018,000	$ 7,001,000

Stock-Based Compensation (Overv

Stock-Based Compensation (Overview) (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2022
Stock options
Stock-Based Awards Outstanding By Award Type (In Shares)
Number of stock-based awards outstanding at period end (in shares)	474,020	483,480
2000 Stock Incentive Plan
2000 Stock Incentive Plan
Aggregate maximum number of shares of common stock which may be issued under stock option plan (in shares)	10,962,500
Aggregate net number of stock-based awards granted (in shares)	10,183,915
Aggregate number of stock based awards expired and canceled (in shares)	5,466,293
Aggregate number of stock-based awards exercised (in shares)	8,107,927
Stock-Based Awards Outstanding By Award Type (In Shares)
Number of total stock-based awards outstanding (in shares)	2,075,988
2000 Stock Incentive Plan | Stock options
2000 Stock Incentive Plan
Maximum term for grants of incentive and non-qualified stock-based awards, excluding incentive stock-based awards granted to stockholders who own more than 10% of the voting power	10 years
Percentage of a stockholder's voting power that limits the contractual term of an incentive stock-based award	10%
Maximum term for incentive stock-based awards granted to stockholders who own more than 10% of the voting power	5 years
Stock-Based Awards Outstanding By Award Type (In Shares)
Number of stock-based awards outstanding at period end (in shares)	474,020
2000 Stock Incentive Plan | Performance shares
Stock-Based Awards Outstanding By Award Type (In Shares)
Number of stock-based awards outstanding at period end (in shares)	665,586
2000 Stock Incentive Plan | RSUs and restricted stock
Stock-Based Awards Outstanding By Award Type (In Shares)
Number of stock-based awards outstanding at period end (in shares)	936,382
2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | ESPP
2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Total number of common shares reserved for issuance under employee stock purchase plan (in shares)	1,050,000
Discount rate from market value, on purchase date, offered to employees participating in the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP)	85%
Total number of shares of common stock issued to employees under employee stock purchase plan and through the end of the reporting period (in shares)	958,926

Stock-Based Compensation (Expen

Stock-Based Compensation (Expenses) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021	Jul. 31, 2022
Stock-based Compensation Expenses
Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs	$ 904,000	$ 921,000
CEO transition costs related to equity-classified stock-based awards	3,764,000	0
Total stock-based compensation expense before income tax benefit	4,668,000	921,000
Estimated Income tax benefit	(493,000)	(193,000)
Net stock-based compensation expense	4,175,000	728,000
Total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to the unvested stock-based awards	11,988,000
Estimated forfeitures related to unvested stock-based awards	$ 812,000
Weighted average number of years net compensation cost is expected to be recognized over	2 years 9 months 18 days
Stock-based compensation capitalized and included in ending inventory	$ 48,000		$ 48,000
Stock options
Stock-based Compensation Expenses
Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs	$ 25,000	78,000
Number of stock-based awards outstanding at period end (in shares)	474,020		483,480
Performance shares
Stock-based Compensation Expenses
Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs	$ 74,000	349,000
RSUs and restricted stock
Stock-based Compensation Expenses
Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs	774,000	439,000
ESPP
Stock-based Compensation Expenses
Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs	$ 31,000	55,000
Discount offered to employees participating in the ESPP as a percentage of market price	15%
2000 Stock Incentive Plan | Stock options
Stock-based Compensation Expenses
Number of stock-based awards outstanding at period end (in shares)	474,020
2000 Stock Incentive Plan | Stock appreciation rights (SARs)
Stock-based Compensation Expenses
Number of stock-based awards outstanding at period end (in shares)	0		0
Cost of sales
Stock-based Compensation Expenses
Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs	$ 158,000	73,000
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Stock-based Compensation Expenses
Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs	648,000	772,000
Research and development expenses
Stock-based Compensation Expenses
Stock-based compensation expense before CEO transition costs	$ 98,000	$ 76,000

Stock-Based Compensation (Stock

Stock-Based Compensation (Stock Options) (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
Outstanding, Ending Balance	2 years 8 months 12 days
Aggregated Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, Ending Balance | $	$ 0
Stock options
Awards (In Shares)
Outstanding, Beginning Balance (in shares) | shares	483,480
Expired/canceled (in shares) | shares	(9,460)
Outstanding, Ending Balance (in shares) | shares	474,020
Exercisable, Ending Balance (in shares) | shares	428,900
Vested and Expected to Vest, Ending Balance (in shares) | shares	471,742
Weighted Average Exercise Price (Per Share)
Outstanding, Beginning Balance (in dollars per share)	$ 24.43
Expired/canceled (in dollars per share)	26.55
Outstanding, Ending Balance (in dollars per share)	24.38
Exercisable, Ending Balance (in dollars per share)	25.07
Vested and Expected to Vest, Ending Balance (in dollars per share)	$ 24.42
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
Exercisable, Ending Balance	2 years 2 months 8 days
Vested And Expected To Vest, Ending Balance	2 years 8 months 1 day
Aggregated Intrinsic Value
Exercisable, Ending Balance | $	$ 0
Vested and Expected to Vest, Ending Balance | $	$ 0
Additional Disclosures
Exercise price, lower range limit (in dollars per share)	$ 17.88
Exercise price, upper range limit (in dollars per share)	$ 33.94
Stock options | Maximum
Additional Disclosures
Contractual term (in years)	10 years
Stock options | Tranche Two
Additional Disclosures
Vesting period	5 years

Stock-Based Compensation (Perfo

Stock-Based Compensation (Performance Shares, RSUs, Restricted Stock and Share Unit Awards) (Details)		3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2017	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Oct. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2019	Jul. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2020
Dividend Equivalents [Abstract]
Accrual of dividend equivalents, net of reversal ($0.10 per share)		$ 201,000	$ 88,000
Carrying value at period end		416,550,000			$ 402,508,000
Income tax (expense) benefit from settlement of stock-based awards		$ 363,000	(53,000)
Performance shares, RSUs, Restricted stock and share units
Awards (In Shares)
Outstanding, Beginning Balance (in shares) | shares		1,110,750
Granted (in shares) | shares		785,092
Settled (in shares) | shares		(256,069)
Canceled/Forfeited (in shares) | shares		(37,805)
Outstanding, Ending Balance (in shares) | shares		1,601,968
Vested, Ending Balance (in shares) | shares		532,533
Vested and Expected to Vest, Ending Balance (in shares) | shares		1,547,797
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, Beginning Balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 19.05
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		11.13
Settled (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		24.55
Canceled/Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		16.44
Outstanding, Ending Balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		14.35
Vested, Ending Balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		15.68
Vested and Expected to Vest, Ending Balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 14.33
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, Ending Balance		$ 17,702,000
Vested, Ending Balance		5,884,000
Vested and Expected to Vest, Ending Balance		17,103,000
Additional Disclosures
Total intrinsic value relating to fully vested stock-based awards converted during the period		$ 2,769,000	4,895,000
Performance shares | Employees | Granted since fiscal 2014
Additional Disclosures
Performance period (in years)		3 years
RSUs and restricted stock | Employees
Additional Disclosures
Vesting period		3 years		5 years
Common stock, conversion ratio (in shares)		1
RSUs and restricted stock | Non-Employee Director
Additional Disclosures
Vesting period		1 year		5 years
Common stock, conversion ratio (in shares)						1
RSUs and restricted stock | Non-Employee Director | Tranche One
Additional Disclosures
Vesting period		1 month
RSUs and restricted stock | Non-Employee Director | Tranche Two
Additional Disclosures
Vesting period		11 months
Share units
Additional Disclosures
Conversion period of vested share units	1 year
Dividend equivalents
Dividend Equivalents [Abstract]
Accrual of dividend equivalents, net of reversal ($0.10 per share)		$ 201,000	88,000
Paid during the period		346,000	$ 315,000
Carrying value at period end		$ 597,000			$ 742,000

Stock-Based Compensation (Subse

Stock-Based Compensation (Subsequent Events) (Details) - Subsequent Event	Dec. 15, 2022 shares
2000 Stock Incentive Plan
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of additional shares reserved for issuance (in shares)	1,000,000
2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | ESPP
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of additional shares reserved for issuance (in shares)	250,000

Segment Information (Details)

Segment Information (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($) ft² productArea segment	Oct. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of reportable segments | segment	2
Segment Reporting Information, Profit (Loss)
Net sales	$ 131,139,000	$ 116,759,000
Operating income (loss)	(9,724,000)	(6,515,000)
Net income (loss)	(11,096,000)	(5,984,000)
Benefit from income taxes	(608,000)	(2,053,000)
Interest (income) and other	(255,000)	219,000
Change in fair value of convertible preferred stock purchase option liability	0	(304,000)
Interest expense	2,235,000	1,607,000
Amortization of stock-based compensation	904,000	921,000
Amortization of intangibles	5,349,000	5,349,000
Depreciation	2,798,000	2,241,000
Amortization of cost to fulfill assets	240,000	0
CEO transition costs	9,090,000	0
Proxy solicitation costs	0	2,162,000
Restructuring costs	1,325,000	712,000
COVID-19 related costs		674,000
Strategic emerging technology costs	746,000
Adjusted EBITDA	10,728,000	5,544,000
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	7,221,000	3,638,000
Total assets	$ 977,825,000	982,989,000	$ 974,297,000
Chandler, Arizona
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Area of property (in sq ft) | ft²	146,000
Satellite and Space Communications
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of product areas | productArea	4
Segment Reporting Information, Profit (Loss)
Net sales	$ 80,873,000	64,560,000
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of product areas | productArea	4
Segment Reporting Information, Profit (Loss)
Net sales	$ 50,266,000	52,199,000
Operating Segments | Satellite and Space Communications
Segment Reporting Information, Profit (Loss)
Net sales	80,873,000	64,560,000
Operating income (loss)	5,016,000	(5,313,000)
Net income (loss)	5,815,000	(5,074,000)
Benefit from income taxes	(222,000)	(599,000)
Interest (income) and other	(575,000)	247,000
Change in fair value of convertible preferred stock purchase option liability		0
Interest expense	(2,000)	114,000
Amortization of stock-based compensation	0	0
Amortization of intangibles	1,828,000	1,828,000
Depreciation	1,020,000	825,000
Amortization of cost to fulfill assets	240,000
CEO transition costs	0
Proxy solicitation costs		0
Restructuring costs	1,056,000	712,000
COVID-19 related costs		674,000
Strategic emerging technology costs	746,000
Adjusted EBITDA	9,906,000	(1,273,000)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	4,435,000	1,037,000
Total assets	486,636,000	485,087,000
Operating Segments | Terrestrial and Wireless Networks
Segment Reporting Information, Profit (Loss)
Net sales	50,266,000	52,199,000
Operating income (loss)	744,000	6,102,000
Net income (loss)	605,000	5,978,000
Benefit from income taxes	(165,000)	141,000
Interest (income) and other	304,000	(18,000)
Change in fair value of convertible preferred stock purchase option liability		0
Interest expense	0	0
Amortization of stock-based compensation	0	0
Amortization of intangibles	3,521,000	3,521,000
Depreciation	1,737,000	1,364,000
Amortization of cost to fulfill assets	0
CEO transition costs	0
Proxy solicitation costs		0
Restructuring costs	0	0
COVID-19 related costs		0
Strategic emerging technology costs	0
Adjusted EBITDA	6,002,000	10,986,000
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	2,542,000	2,601,000
Total assets	467,594,000	471,858,000
Unallocated
Segment Reporting Information, Profit (Loss)
Net sales	0
Operating income (loss)	(15,484,000)	(7,304,000)
Net income (loss)	(17,516,000)	(6,888,000)
Benefit from income taxes	(221,000)	(1,595,000)
Interest (income) and other	16,000	(10,000)
Change in fair value of convertible preferred stock purchase option liability		(304,000)
Interest expense	2,237,000	1,493,000
Amortization of stock-based compensation		921,000
Amortization of intangibles	0	0
Depreciation	41,000	52,000
Amortization of cost to fulfill assets	0
CEO transition costs	9,090,000
Proxy solicitation costs		2,162,000
Restructuring costs	269,000	0
COVID-19 related costs		0
Strategic emerging technology costs	0
Adjusted EBITDA	(5,180,000)	(4,169,000)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	244,000	0
Total assets	$ 23,595,000	$ 26,044,000

Goodwill (Details)

Goodwill (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($) segment	Jul. 29, 2022 $ / shares
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 347,692,000
Number of operating segments | segment	2
Common Stock
Goodwill [Line Items]
Share price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 11.62
Satellite and Space Communications
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 173,602,000
Percentage of fair value in excess of carrying amount for reporting unit		11.60%
Terrestrial and Wireless Networks
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 174,090,000
Percentage of fair value in excess of carrying amount for reporting unit		18.40%

Intangible Assets (Intangible A

Intangible Assets (Intangible Assets with Finite Lives) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021	Jul. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 449,933,000		$ 449,933,000
Accumulated Amortization	207,979,000		202,630,000
Net Carrying Amount	241,954,000		$ 247,303,000
Amortization of intangibles	$ 5,349,000	$ 5,349,000
Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Amortization Period	20 years 2 months 12 days		20 years 2 months 12 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 302,058,000		$ 302,058,000
Accumulated Amortization	111,071,000		107,500,000
Net Carrying Amount	$ 190,987,000		$ 194,558,000
Technologies
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Amortization Period	14 years 9 months 18 days		14 years 9 months 18 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 114,949,000		$ 114,949,000
Accumulated Amortization	77,017,000		75,798,000
Net Carrying Amount	$ 37,932,000		$ 39,151,000
Trademarks and other
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Amortization Period	16 years 8 months 12 days		16 years 8 months 12 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 32,926,000		$ 32,926,000
Accumulated Amortization	19,891,000		19,332,000
Net Carrying Amount	$ 13,035,000		$ 13,594,000

Intangible Assets (Estimated Am

Intangible Assets (Estimated Amortization Expense) (Details)	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
2023	$ 21,556,000
2024	21,154,000
2025	21,039,000
2026	19,888,000
2027	$ 18,534,000

Convertible Preferred Stock (De

Convertible Preferred Stock (Details) - USD ($)			3 Months Ended
	Oct. 19, 2021	Oct. 18, 2021	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021	Jul. 31, 2022
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Series A convertible preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)			125,000		125,000
Series A convertible preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)			$ 0.10		$ 0.10
Convertible preferred stock, aggregate purchase price				$ 100,000,000
Issuance of convertible preferred stock	100,000			100,000
Optional repurchase trigger, percent		19.99%
Current redemption value			$ 106,914,000		$ 105,204,000
Convertible preferred stock, accrued dividends			576,000		$ 566,000
Green Shoe
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Long-term debt		$ 1,005,000
Convertible Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Series A convertible preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)		125,000
Series A convertible preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)		$ 0.10
Convertible preferred stock, aggregate purchase price	$ 25,000,000	$ 125,000,000
Convertible preferred stock, aggregate purchase price, price per share (in dollars per share)		$ 1,000
Liquidation preference per share (in dollars per share)	$ 23.97	$ 1,000
Dividend rate, percent	6.50%
Dividend rate, per-dollar-amount, maximum (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10
Proceeds from initial issuance, net of issuance costs			4,007,000
Carrying amount, attributable to parent			100,000,000
Current redemption value			106,914,000
Dividend paid-in-kind			6,338,000
Convertible preferred stock, accrued dividends			576,000
Carrying value adjustment in the period			1,710,000
Convertible Preferred Stock | Green Shoe
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Liquidation preference per share (in dollars per share)	$ 31.21
IPO | Convertible Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock, aggregate purchase price	$ 100,000,000
Green Shoe Option | Convertible Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Carrying amount, attributable to parent			$ 25,000,000

Stockholders' Equity (Details)

Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($)			3 Months Ended
	Feb. 17, 2023	Nov. 18, 2022	Oct. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021	Dec. 08, 2022	Sep. 29, 2022	Jul. 13, 2022	Sep. 29, 2020
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shelf registration authorized amount							$ 200,000,000
Stock Repurchase Program
Maximum amount authorized by the board of directors for the repurchase of shares of the company's common stock								$ 100,000,000
Shares acquired (in shares)			0	0
Dividends
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)						$ 0.10
Forecast
Dividends
Dividends paid (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10
Subsequent Event
Dividends
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)					$ 0.10
Dividends paid (in dollars per share)		$ 0.10